Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Prometeizm jako założenie polityczno-ideologiczne w korespondencji Polskiej Grupy Prometeusza w Londynie w pierwszych latach po II wojnie światowej
Prometheism as a political and ideological assumption in correspondence of Polish Prometheus Group in London in the first years after the Second World War

Autorzy:

Landmann, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521568.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
security
prometeism
USSR

Opis:

The article presents the characteristics of Prometheism as a political and ideological concept in the first few years after the end of World War II. The analysis was based on archival material gathered in the Archives of the Józef Piłsudski Institute in London (hereinafter: AIJP in London) in Team No. 148: Prometheus, main contents contained in the correspondence (documents) of the Polish Promethean Group in London, and also in the literature. The thesis was put forward that in the first years after the end of World War II in the Polish emigration environment, Prometheism still appeared as a political and ideological assumption and also a measure whose implementation could contribute to the internal weakening of the USSR. It can be said that the implementation of the Promethean idea was continued by the Polish emigration environment also after the end of World War II. The Polish Promethean Group in London was the center of the Promethean affairs, inspiring the work of other centers, as well as analyzing the signifi cance of various initiatives inscribed in the vision of post-war Prometeism.

Źródło:

Wschodnioznawstwo; 2018, 12; 261-277
2082-7695

Pojawia się w:

Wschodnioznawstwo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Założenia organizacyjne żłobków dziennych w okresie międzywojennym według wytycznych Polskiego Komitetu Opieki nad Dzieckiem
The organizational guidelines for day nurseries in the Interwar period as set by the Polish Childcare Committee

Autorzy:

Wróblewska, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519631.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Nurseries
Polish Childcare Committee
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The aim of this article is to present the main organizational assumptions of nurseries, which were just organized in the Interwar period and were to represent the first level of social care and educational work for mothers and children. The proposed issue is of contributory nature and is the first attempt to discuss the activities and operations of nurseries in the Interwar period, when their utility and significance were discussed. It is a description of the origins of the facility, which in the post-war period was a common element of childcare. As a result of the developing industry and the growing demand for workers, young mothers also took up paid jobs in order to improve their material status. Therefore, nurseries located near factories did not actually mushroom and the time of development of this institution was arrested in the post-war period.

Źródło:

Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2021, 44; 45-57
1233-2224

Pojawia się w:

Biuletyn Historii Wychowania

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

Szkoła i armia jako podmioty oddziaływania wychowawczego państwa w myśli politycznej obozu narodowego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej w kontekście zainteresowań badawczych Ryszarda Borowicza historią wojskową, oświatą i politologią

Autorzy:

Wojdyło, Witold

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2050804.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-08-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

army
Second Polish Republic
school
educational influence

Opis:

The active and direct participation of the state in the process of education was a very important and significant element that put the position of the main ideological-political formations in the interwar period in opposition to concepts constructed at the turn of the twentieth century. At the time of regaining independence, the state could be considered as one of the main subjects that were import_ant for rebuilding the awareness and collective identity of Polish people’s citizenship. Therefore, this text deals with the school and the army – institutions of educational influence during the Second Polish Republic – as the subjects of educational influence.

Źródło:

Kultura i Edukacja; 2014, 4(104); 226-238
1230-266X

Pojawia się w:

Kultura i Edukacja

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

The Concepts of Jan Kopczyński, President of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, Regarding the Formation of the Council of State in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Kopczyński, Karol

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308738.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

Council of State
legislation
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The paper focuses on a proposal to reform the lawmaking process in the Second Polish Republic through the establishment of a Council of State. The idea of creating a Council of State to improve the quality of legislation was widespread among the Polish legal elite of that time; many representatives of the legal profession presented their ideas in various periodicals. Particularly prominent among the supporters of this concept was the president of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, Jan Kopczyński, who submitted for discussion by his fellow lawyers several proposals he had prepared for the establishment the Tribunal. The paper describes the debate over Kopczyński’s proposals by juxtaposing them with the concepts of other representatives of the legal doctrine of the Second Polish Republic and the solutions that were applied by the government in that period. The ideas for the creation of the Council of State focused on two foreign models. The first was the French Conseil d’État, which combined legislative and administrative-court powers. The second model was the Romanian Legislative Council, whose tasks were strictly limited to legislation, without the administrative-court functions. Jan Kopczyński’s concepts were closer to the Romanian model. Kopczyński submitted three proposals to establish a Council of State, but none of his proposals was implemented. A substitute for the Council of State was to be the Legal Council to the Minister of Justice, established in 1926 by a regulation of the President of the Republic, but it quickly ended its activities encountering both reluctance of the parliament and a frigid reception by the ruling elite. The fact that the Council of State was never established, although it enjoyed widespread approval in the legal community, proves that politics always has the upper hand in a clash with legal idealism.

Źródło:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 171-199
1732-9132
2719-9991

Pojawia się w:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

Bogactwo i ubóstwo etniczne w Afryce Północnej. Polscy Tatarzy w Egipcie, Algierii i Maroku w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
The etjnic poverty and wealth in North Africa. The Polish Tatars in Egypt, Algeria and Morocco during the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Chazbijewicz, Selim

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566814.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych

Tematy:

Polish Muslims
North Africa
Polish Tatars
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The author of the article forwards the question about the case of the relationship of Polish Muslims community during 1918-1939 with Muslims in the Middle East. The Polish Tatars as a Muslims propagated an idea of relationship between Europe and Islamic East through the Tatars group in Poland. Some leaders of PolishTatars, Olgierd and Leon Kryczyński visited Egypt and Morocco and promoted Polish Muslims tradition as connection between European and Eastern civilizations. During the Second Polish Republic, Polish government especially Marshall Pilsudski promoted organizations of Polish Tatars e.g. The Culture and Education Union of Polish Tatars (activity during the years 1925-1939).

Źródło:

Forum Politologiczne; 2011, 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce; 561-566
1734-1698

Pojawia się w:

Forum Politologiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

Polish Interwar [Non]Democracy from the View-Point of Julije Benešić
Poljska međuratna (ne)demokracija Benešićevim očima

Autorzy:

Pieniążek-Marković, Krystyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/636208.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
Julije Benešić
autocracy
intimist literature

Opis:

In the article, the image of Polish democracy/autocracy during the Second Republic has been reconstructed. The subject of the analysis were the autobiographical notes entitled Osam godina u Varšavi written by Julije Benešić who stayed in Warsaw in the years 1930–1938 as a delegate of the Yugoslavian Department of Eductaion and Science. From his currently updated notes, a picture of Poland emerged as a state in which the basic civil rights were regularly broken including those guaranteed by the Constitution. The most glaring examples of the non-democratic actions regarded the problems of the national minorities (specifically the Polish-Ukrainian and Polish-Jewish relationships) as well as the prisons for the political opponents (Bereza Kartuska and Brześć). What is more, the observations made by the Croatian translator, writer and linguist illuminate in the form of interesting conotations the Polish mentality.

Źródło:

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne; 2019, 17; 191-207
2084-3011

Pojawia się w:

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Naked eye: the Belarusian press of the Second Polish Republic in egodocuments

Autorzy:

Sluka, Nadzeya

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/472280.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-04-19

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Dziennikarstwa, Informacji i Bibliologii

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
Western Belarus
Belarusian press
egodocuments

Opis:

The article deals with the particular kind of documentary sources for the history of the Belarusians in the Second Polish Republic – memoirs and diaries. The memoirs of Liudvika Vojcik, Janka Bagdanowič, Marjan Pieciukievič, and also the diaries of Maksim Tank and Piotr Siaŭruk are reviewed. The article concludes that personal writings provide unique information about the Belarusian national movement and the Belarusian press that can be applied in further historical research.

Źródło:

Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi; 2019, Tom specjalny: Dla Niepodległej / Special Issue: For an Independent Poland; 435-444
1897-0788
2544-8730

Pojawia się w:

Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Debate Over the Economic Role of the State in Poland in the Works of the Representatives of the Kraków School, the Leviathan Organization and the First Economic Brigade in the Years 1919–1939

Autorzy:

Jarosz-Nojszewska, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390807.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-03-28

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

statism
interventionism
Polish economic thought
the Second Polish Republic

Opis:

As Poland regained independence in 1918, it immediately had to deal with the question of how to shape its political and economic system. One important but at the same time controversial issue was the level of the state’s involvement in the economic life of the country and the measures used. In numerous debates among economists, the dominant topics included problems in the industry - in particular issues such as statism, monopolization, policy towards cartels and, in the later period, economic planning. The article presents the course of the discussion on the role of the state in the economy that took place in Poland in the years 1918-1939, as well as a review of arguments put forward by the proponents and opponents of state’s economic interventionism. For the purpose of this article, three groups that were most active in the debate were selected: the Kraków School, the Leviathan organization and the First Economic Brigade.

Źródło:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2017, 35; 27-46
0081-6485

Pojawia się w:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

Prawne aspekty funkcjonowania Karaimskiego Związku Religijnego w II Rzeczypospolitej
Legal basis of Karaite’s community in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Resler, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/440220.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Związek Karaimów Polskich. Karaimska Oficyna Wydawnicza Bitik

Tematy:

Karaites
religious minority
the Second Polish Republic
denominationalism

Opis:

Po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości w granicach nowego państwa znalazły się cztery gminy karaimskie. Ich sytuacja prawna nie była uregulowana. Potrzebę zmiany widziały zarówno władze państwowe jak i Karaimi. W 1923 roku w Wilnie społeczność karaimska rozpoczęła pracę nad przygotowaniem odpowiednich aktów prawnych. W roku 1927 miał miejsce ogólnopolski zjazd Karaimów, który na urząd hachana wybrał Hadżi Seraja Szapszała. W porozumieniu z Szapszałem w 1931 roku władze państwowe rozpoczęły prace nad projektem ustawy. Ostatecznie Ustawa o stosunku państwa do Karaimskiego Związku Religijnego w RP została uchwalona 21 kwietnia 1936 roku. Ustawa określiła prawne ramy funkcjonowania religii karaimskiej w Polsce, sposób wyboru duchownych, organy związ-ku i gmin oraz uprawnienia nadzorcze władz państwowych. Została pozytywnie odebrana przez większość Karaimów, przez których była uważana za szansę na przetrwanie własnej społeczności.
Four communes with Karaite communities were located within the borders of newly independent Poland in 1918. Their legal status was unregulated. Both the Government and members of this ethnic group saw the need to formalize their position. Thus it was that in 1923 the Karaites began work on drafting the relevant legislation. In 1927 the new leader of the community (called hachan) was elected and in 1931 with his help the Government finely started work on an appropriate statute, enacted on 21st April, 1936, which established the legal foundations of the Karaite religion in Poland. The most important regulations concerned the elections of priests, organs of the Karaites Union and its communes and the Government’s rights of control over those organs. The statute was accepted by most members of this ethnic group. It was viewed as a tool to help such a small community survive.

Źródło:

Almanach Karaimski; 2016, 5
2300-8164

Pojawia się w:

Almanach Karaimski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Katolicki ruch charytatywny w diecezji łomżyńskiej w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej. Cz. 1: Struktura i organizacja
Catholic Charity Movement in the Lomza Diocese During the Second Polish Republic. Part 1: Structure and Organization

Autorzy:

Guzewicz, Wojciech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26470136.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-12-30

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
charity movement
diocese of Lomza

Opis:

Charity is an integral part of the Churchʼs ministry, and active charity is one of the Christianʼs basic duties (cf. Mt 25, 35-45). The Church follows in the footsteps of her Founder, who loved us and showed us this love not only through the Sacrifice of Salvation, but also through works of mercy (cf. Mt 11, 5). Therefore, he not only proclaims the love of neighbor and obliges him to perform acts of mercy, but also gives charitable activities institutional forms, making caring for the poor one of the main tasks of the deaconʼs office (Acts 6, 1-6). In Poland, the traditions of this activity date back to the beginnings of the Piast state. Over the centuries, it was mainly animated and led by bishops and religious orders, but also brotherhoods and lay people. It was similar in the interwar period and in the Lomza diocese, except that the nature and forms of this activity were adapted to the changing socio-political conditions after the war. And so, in the first period, emphasis was placed mainly on the organizational and coordination side of charity, and since the economic crisis in 1929 and the development of Catholic Action, primarily on specific charity work and refining its methods. By charity we will understand the entire charity campaign carried out in the interwar diocese of Lomza. It was based mainly on Parish Committees of Relief, consisting mainly of Vincentian associations and Catholic Action, 2) charitable institutions and foundations; 3) the activities of religious orders, in particular the Congregation of the Sisters of Mercy of Saint. Wincentego à Paulo.

Źródło:

Studia Ełckie; 2021, 23, 4; 515-524
1896-6896
2353-1274

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ełckie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

The problem of “legal bigamy” in the light of the rulings of the District Court in Poznan

Autorzy:

Paciorkowski, Szymon

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684813.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

marriage law
legal bigamy
divorce
The Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The purpose of the paper is to present the problem of so-called “legal bigamy” in the light of the rulings of the District Court in Poznan. The marriage law regulations in The Second Polish Republic were completely different in various parts of the country and attempts to unify them failed. This situation caused significant problems: for example, many civil courts refused to recognize some of the divorce judgments issued by church courts in the former Russian partition because of their improper jurisdiction. The paper focuses on two matrimonial cases that were ruled upon by the District Court in Poznan. In both cases the District Court in Poznan was to decide whether divorce judgments issued by the church court of the Polish Orthodox Church in Warsaw were also binding in the former Prussian district.

Źródło:

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2013, 2; 15-28
2450-0976

Pojawia się w:

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

The problem of multiculturalism on the example of Belarusian, Lithuanian, Jewish, Silesian and Tatar minorities in the perspective of the security of policy in the second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Landmann, T.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/347410.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki

Tematy:

security
multiculturalism
Second Polish Republic
national minorities
social politics

Opis:

The article is an attempt to analyse the problem of multiculturalism on the example of the influence of the five minority communities listed in the title in the perspective of the security of Poland in the period between 1918 and 1939. The considerations presented in this article are an addendum to the issues related to the policy of the authorities of the Second Republic of Poland on national minorities and its influence on the internal security of the state. This subject was undertaken by the Author earlier when he analysed the activity of the representatives the German and Ukrainian minority. The article presents potential factors which can destabilise internal security, especially at the social level, as a result of forces in the environments of the indicated national and ethnic minorities in the II RP. The presented arguments allow to conclude that during the whole interwar period the II RP authorities had to struggle with multiculturalism related to the presence of Belarusian, Lithuanian, Jewish and Silesian minorities because in their environment centrifugal forces were occurred many times and posed a threat to the internal security of the newly re-established Polish state. What is more, it turned out that the social and cultural policy of the II RP was not sufficiently wide-ranging for the above mentioned minorities. However, there were also other factors which constituted serious obstacles in pursuing the policy of efficient integration in the II RP society. It is possible to indicate here as an example the aversion of numerous representatives of these minorities to the social policy imposed by the Polish authorities, major discrepancies in the leading integration vision between significant political factions and also the influence of external propaganda and agitation influencing these minorities.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2017, 1; 61-81
1731-8157

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

Women Police in Interwar Poland in the Light of Reports from Inspections Carried out by Stanisława Paleolog

Autorzy:

Gołdyn, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375176.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie

Tematy:

women police
State Police
Stanisława Paleolog
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

Although the genesis of women police dates back to 1925, not much information on the activities of this formation has been preserved until today. It is known that it was established on the initiative of the Polish Committee for the Fight Against Trafficking in Women and Children and its main goal was to fight prostitution, to prevent women from being taken out of the country and exploited for work as prostitutes, and later also to take care of children. The formation was supervised by lt. Stanisława Filipina Paleolog. Her duties included controlling female police officers in terms of their task performance, as well as taking care of new candidates. In the article, on the basis of archival documents, the author analyses control reports and protocols drawn up during that period, on the basis of which it is possible to reconstruct, at least partially, the history of Polish female police officers in the late 1930s.

Źródło:

Internal Security; 2020, 12(2); 275-286
2080-5268

Pojawia się w:

Internal Security

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Social insurance in the Second Republic of Poland. Social advantage or the policy of caution

Autorzy:

Chylak, Karol

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683719.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016-04-09

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
Social insurance
Social policy
Social advantages

Opis:

Social insurance was conceived from a great thought of the social caution, from the thought of protection of an uncertain future. That thought of caution, during the time of development of social insurance, was implemented by the public entities on the one hand and by the civil activity on the other one. However, the process of creation of the social insurance system in Poland did not represent the policy of caution executed by the state. The only sign of caution could be seen with reference to the insurance associations as there the participants decided whether to enter the system or not whereas the state executed the policy of giving privileges to the certain social groups.

Źródło:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2015, 33; 37-54
0081-6485

Pojawia się w:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Watchmen or Guards? The Prison Guard in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Rodak, Mateusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601723.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie

Tematy:

Prison Guard
prisons
Second Polish Republic
penology
criminals
Polska

Opis:

The officer core of the Prison Guard (Straż Więzienna, SW), a formation established only as late as 1932, emerged from the narrow circle of persons associated with the Prison Section, which emerged in 1918. Its membership consisted of a small cadre of Polish guards who had gained experience in prisons controlled by the occupying powers. Unless they had worked in prisons before 1918, the rank-andfile of the SW consisted of demobilised and/or retired soldiers as well as of would-be or ex-policemen. ‘Street people’ in many cases, they treated the work as temporary or took it up as an easy job. The reality they faced on the other side of the wall quickly verified their convictions about the task they had accepted. As a result, the ranks of the SW were given to heavy rotation, evident up to 1939. Employees of the interwar prison system did not enjoy much public regard; for some, leaving the army to become a prison guard felt like social degradation. Aside from a few minor exceptions – such as prison breaks, stories of convict abuse – this peculiar group of workers was generally absent from the public narrative of the re-established state. Naturally, its problems were debated among experts, but these debates did not seep into the press as often as those concerning the police. For many years after 1918, the SW continued to be perceived through the nineteenthcentury image of the guard as watchman, a personification of the oppressive partition governments. SW functionaries associated with the labour union established in 1932 as well as the Przegląd Więziennictwa Polskiego (Polish Penal Review) magazine took up the daunting task of improving that image.The article provides an analysis of their efforts, attempting a response whether their goals were achieved, at least to a degree. My focus is on the public perception of the formation, while I also try to establish whether its foundation and development was perceived as a success (as was the case, for instance, with the police). My interests, however, are not limited to the media and public image of the SW corps, but also include the conditions under which its members laboured. In this context, I am particularly interested in the realities of the prison corridor; in the article, I attempt to describe the tenor of the relations between guards and prisoners in contemporary prisons (especially the prevailing aggression). Finally, I pursue a reconstruction of the image/s of the SW created by convicts, with particular focus on the significance of the change associated with the year 1918.My analysis leads to somewhat pessimistic conclusions. The major changes involved in the professionalization of the cadres and partial implementation of the prison reform that also affected the SW do not appear to have been satisfactory. Attempts to dismantle stereotypes of the guards could only achieve limited success, and the SW remained a formation of thoroughly dubious quality.

Źródło:

Acta Poloniae Historica; 2018, 118
0001-6829

Pojawia się w:

Acta Poloniae Historica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

Wychowanie w blasku sztuki

Autorzy:

Henryk, Depta,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892407.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-02-06

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

university; teacher education; Second Polish Republic
development of pedagogy

Opis:

The article is an attempt to define the role that art plays – may/should play – in the education of modern man. The scope of this “great role of art in the life of modern man” was presented in the works of Irena Wojnar and Bogdan Suchodolski – the authors of the Polish theory of aesthetic education. For the author of the article, the important role of art lies in the fact that it breaks the inertia of our sensitivity, our perceptual patterns, the coldness of the heart. In our times it is art – or maybe only art! – that allows modern man, at least partially, to satisfy the hunger for meaning. Art is an attempt to overcome the insufficiency of our human existence. To overcome and enrich! By showing man not just what he is but what he would like to be, what he should be, art creates a truly human vision of the art of life. That art is great entertainment is another happy circumstance for aesthetic education. We love and choose art because it is simply amusing. Studies show that art is educationally attractive – especially for children and adolescents – because it is also an attractive entertainment. The power and the beauty of aesthetic education lie in the fact that it is an education which is also a noble entertainment.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2017, 62(4 (246)); 61-72
0023-5938

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

Prometeizm i koncepcja Międzymorza w praktyce polityczno-prawnej oraz dyplomacji II RP
Prometheism and conception of Intermarium in political and legal practice and diplomacy of the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Cieplucha, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/595834.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe

Tematy:

Międzymorze
prometeizm
II RP
Intermarium
prometheism
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The Author demonstrates the influence of prometheism and the political, legal and institutional conception of Intermarium and the diplomacy of the interwar Poland as a necessary provision of the security against the aggression of the former invaders. In the first place author presents the definitions of prometheism and Intermarium. He describes the impact of the most important, political and legal ideas in Poland before World War II. To do so the Author presents a dispute between the National Democracy, the political group of Marshal Józef Piłsudski and the environment of the youth conservatives. Representatives of national thought postulated the creation of a unified state in terms of ethnic. They were sceptical about building the Central and East European block. In turn, Pilsudski’s environment and youth conservatives proposed the creation of a strong alliance between states of Central and East Europe. In the same time they supported the independence movements in the Soviet Union. Author also points out an example of the “Grabski Education Act” and the activities of the Eastern Institute in Warsaw. In this context, he analyses the impact of prometheism and the conception of Intermarium on the legal and institutional life of the Second Polish Republic. In the last part of the article he presents the polish diplomatic efforts in the first years after Poland regained independence. These diplomatic attempts were aimed to create a coalition of countries in Central and East Europe. The main purpose of this coalition was to defend the common interests of the new states against the Russian and German threat.

Źródło:

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2014, XCIII (93); 39-55
0081-6841

Pojawia się w:

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

The Faculty of Theology of the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius 1919–1939

Autorzy:

Przeniosło, Małgorzata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668708.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie

Tematy:

Universities in the Second Polish Republic
theology
professors
students

Opis:

The Faculty of Theology was one of the smallest at the SBU, both in terms of the number of employees and students. In its first year of existence, there were only two professors employed at the FT. In the following years, there were 4–5 professors and since the academic year 1935/1936 from 6 to 8. They were all Catholic priests. In the first year, only eight people signed up for the classes at the FT and in the two consecutive years there were 12 and 27 students respectively. In the following years, these numbers increased considerably. The number of students at the FT increased steadily until 1930/1931, when 183 students enrolled, then started decreasing.The Council of the Faculty of Theology of the SBU was a small structure. It consisted of only a few people. Throughout the interwar period there were five Deans at the FT. Despite the small number of professors at the FT, the representatives of the Faculty were chosen as Rector of the SBU. The Rectors from the FT were: Czesław Falkowski and Aleksander Wóycicki.As for the process of teaching, the students of the FT of the SBU were always divided into two lecture groups: one consisted of clerics of the Vilnius Seminary and the other of lay people and priests. The studies lasted five years, every year (in June) students had to take a promotional exam before the commission and a failed exam could be retaken in September, once again, with the consent of the Faculty Council.

Źródło:

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2015, 5, 2
2391-6559
2083-8018

Pojawia się w:

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

„Nie łzawe wspomnienia dawnych bojów, ale realna nauka z przeszłości”. O świętowaniu rocznicy niepodległości w szkołach II Rzeczypospolitej refleksji kilka

Autorzy:

Katarzyna, Buczek,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892218.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-04-20

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

school
state holiday
Independence Day
The Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The article discusses the question of celebrations of Poland’s Independence Day – November 11th. The tradition of celebrating state holidays in Polish schools dates back to the era of the National Education Commission, which in 1783 ordered official celebrations of the centenary of king John III’s victory over the Turks at Vienna. After 123 years of foreign subjugation, which broke the connection between the citizens and the state, Poland returned to the tradition of celebrating state holidays in schools. Several brochures with proposed event scripts, poems, and small plays were published in order to ensure the celebrations would be given an appropriate flair. “Płomyk”, a magazine for slightly older children, was also involved in the preparation for independence anniversary celebrations. The issue of celebrating state holidays in schools was also considered within teaching theory: on the one hand, they were considered very valuable educationally – particularly for instilling patriotic and civil virtues, on the other, it was remarked that the students were bored with the ceremonies.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2018, 63(4(250)); 56-71
0023-5938

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

Rozwój koedukacyjnego średniego szkolnictwa ogólnokształcącego w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej

Autorzy:

Katarzyna, Dormus,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892503.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-04-19

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

co-education
secondary schooling
Second Polish Republic
interwar period

Opis:

During the late 19th century and early 20th century, co-education on a secondary school level was still a source of controversy, resulting in a public discussion. The first co-educational secondary schools in the Polish territories were established over the course of the First World War. During that time, in light of a realistic chance for Poland to regain independence, the teaching community undertook discussions regarding the shape of education in independent Poland. Still, many people still viewed co-education with a degree of doubt. In the interwar period, however, the number of public and private co-educational secondary schools increased. They were located primarily in smaller cities. Additionally, men usually represented the majority of students. This dynamic was a result of allowing women to attend institutions that had originally functioned as all-male schools, thus creating a coeducational schooling system. The level of education in these institutions was generally low.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2018, 63(4(250)); 44-55
0023-5938

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

„Studium wolne” a zagadnienie kształcenia nauczycieli szkół średnich na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej

Autorzy:

Kalina, Bartnicka,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892541.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-10-16

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
development of pedagogy
teacher education
university

Opis:

In 1918, Poland’s education authorities began to build a uniform school system. Improving secondary education and organising teacher education were important tasks. In the 1870s education in Galicia was Polonised (including universities in Cracow and Lviv), and a system of secondary school teacher education was established. Candidates were educated at university philosophical faculties. Qualifications were obtained after passing state examinations in content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge. University studies in the Second Polish Republic were organised according to the principles of “free study”, which educated researchers. A vast majority of students undertook studies to prepare for the teaching profession. The article deals with the adjustment of ministerial regulations and studies at the Faculty of Philosophy (later Faculty of Humanities and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences) at the University of Warsaw to the needs of vocational education of teachers. Since 1926, future researchers and future teachers were subject to the Master’s degree regulations. The choice of career in teaching or in academia began only after obtaining a Master’s degree. Additionally, teachers needed to acquire theoretical and practical pedagogical qualifications: during a one-year or two-year pedagogical program organised by Bogdan Nawroczyński at the Faculty of Humanities. This period saw the development of pedagogical research and an increased interest in pedagogy.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2017, 62(3 (245)); 86-111
0023-5938

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Military and Civilian Requisitions in Light of the Rulings of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal from 1923 to 1931

Autorzy:

Konarski, Marcin

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308737.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
administrative justice
military requisitions
civilian requisitions

Opis:

The institution of military and civilian requisitions is inextricably linked with the obligation to comply with public burdens and contributions, and it may be applied both in wartime and in peacetime. In-kind contributions in the form of requisitions by competent State authorities of items necessary to serve an unspecified public purpose, usually to meet the needs of the army, have from time immemorial been among the most onerous burdens to benefit the State. Requisitions – the subject of this analysis – constitute a means of searching for items that are of interest to the army and are a direct form of duty imposed on individuals to make them contribute to the public administration, thus constituting a breach of the principle of the inviolability of private property rights. The main focus of this discussion, however, is not an analysis of the substantive legal aspects concerning requisitions, but an analysis of the body of administrative rulings on these matters. Military requisitions constituted the basis of the system of wartime contributions that gave the State, through authorized bodies, the right to demand these contributions from the population, in particular the right to transfer to the State, in return for payment, ownership or the right to use movable and immovable property, directly or indirectly needed for the purposes of supplying the army and the state upon the outbreak of war or the ordering of a partial or general mobilisation. Some cases that found their way to the Supreme Administrative Tribunal in the first years of its existence resulted from complaints against the activities of military requisitioning bodies, mainly during the Polish-Bolshevik War. Civilian requisitions, on the other hand, became the subject of the rulings of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal as a result of complaints over the obligation to provide housing for servicemen and civilian officials in the first years of a reborn Poland, the direct cause of which should be attributed to the dramatic shortage of housing during the first years after the end of the First World War.

Źródło:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 201-222
1732-9132
2719-9991

Pojawia się w:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Kresy Wschodnie w białoruskiej szkolnej narracji
Eastern Borderlands in narration of the Belarusian school

Autorzy:

Boridczenko, Stanisław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1941713.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-03-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Białoruś
historia
II Rzeczpospolita Polska
Belarus
history
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

Problemem podjętym w artykule jest sposób przekazu przez system edukacji szkolnej Republiki Białoruś wiedzy dotyczącej znajdowania się części ziem Białorusi w granicach II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Głównym uzasadnieniem wyboru tematu jest to, iż odpowiednio sformułowany program nauczania może wpływać na kształtowanie świadomości narodowej. Praca oparta jest na oryginalnych wynikach badań materiałów szkolnych używanych w systemie szkolnictwa Republiki Białoruś. W ramach rozprawy został opracowany model teoretyczny przedstawienia kresów w okresie międzywojennym w literaturze szkolnej Białorusi. Znaczącym elementem w badaniu jest uwzględnienie autorskich intencji zawartych w tekście oraz celowo stworzonego przez białoruskich historyków wizerunku Polaków oraz Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. W wyniku przeprowadzonego opracowania został wyszczególniony charakterystyczny sposób postrzegania przez system białoruskiej edukacji II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, a także procesów odbywających się w tym okresie na ziemiach Zachodniej Białorusi. W rozprawie przyjęto tezę, zgodnie z którą Republika Białoruś w podręcznikach dla uczniów stwarza obraz wroga zewnętrznego, którego rolę w jej przypadku pełni Polska oraz Polacy.
The article considers the issues of teaching history in the school of Belarus thematically related to the Western Belarus in 1921-1939, when that territory was a part of the Second Polish Republic. The main relevance of this article is connected with the importance of the knowledge obtained by the people in school education, which becomes the fundaments of knowledge of the population masses. This work is based on the original results of the study of the school textbooks. All analysed books have a certificate of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus, which means that they are used in the teaching process in schools. The article presents information about the text of the Belarusian school textbooks and creates theoretical basis related to that theme. The main focus of the article is focused on the study of school texts’ intentions and understanding of the terms in which they create an image of the Polish nation and an image of the Polish Republic. The result of the work is presented as detailed characteristic of ways in which Belarusian school precipitates time period between 1921-1939. Also, it has characteristics of the description of the processes accompanying the Western Belarus lands under the Second Polish Republic rule.

Źródło:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2018, 57; 141-157
1505-2192

Pojawia się w:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Retirement privileges of civil servants in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Jarosz-Nojszewska, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683716.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016-04-09

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
pensions
civil service
pension cover
social insurance

Opis:

During the times of the Second Polish Republic the civil servants, teachers, the military, postal and railway workers were not covered by the universal social insurance, because before the social insurance act came into force, they were covered by pension systems guaranteeing more advantageous benefits. Persons working in state administration had a privileged position compared to the employees in general, both in terms of the scope and level of the benefits and their entire coverage by the State. The level of the pensions depended on the years of service and after 10 years of service amounted to 40% and was increasing every year by 2.4% or 3% up to 100%. The civil servants acquired the right to the pension already after 10 years and as of 1934 after 15 years of civil or military service. In special cases they were entitled to pension after 5 years already.

Źródło:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2015, 33; 55-68
0081-6485

Pojawia się w:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Niektóre aspekty procesów narodotwórczych na Polesiu w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w świetle badań terenowych Józefa Obrębskiego

Autorzy:

Ablamski, Pavel

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678421.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN

Tematy:

Polesie
Second Polish Republic
Józef Obrębski
Belarusian identity
Ukrainian identity

Opis:

Some aspects of nation-forming processes in Polesie in the interwar period in the light of field studies of Józef ObrębskiThe article presents the problem of shaping national identity in the Polesie voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic in the light of ethnosociological research by Józef Obrębski. The researcher's theses were confronted with sources created by three entities that both registered and directly influenced the nationalization process of the Polesie population. They included state administration, national movements (Ukrainian and, to a lesser extent, Belarusian and Russian), and the communist movement. From the moment of arrival in Polesie, Obrębski's expedition clashed with the brutal principles of nationality policy implemented by the voivode Wacław Kostek-Biernacki. Due to the significant difficulties in field work, the theses regarding the problem under consideration are sometimes hidden between the lines, but they are devoid of shades of conformism. The quoted source material positively verifies Obrębski's field observations regarding the intensity and territorial scope of the process of nationalization of the Poleshuks and its features in particular areas of the Polesie voivodeship. Niektóre aspekty procesów narodotwórczych na Polesiu w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w świetle badań terenowych Józefa ObrębskiegoW artykule przedstawiono problem kształtowania się świadomości narodowej mieszkańców województwa poleskiego w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w świetle badań etnosocjologicznych Józefa Obrębskiego. Tezy badacza zostały skonfrontowane ze źródłami, wytworzonym przez trzy podmioty, które zarówno rejestrowały, jak i bezpośrednio wpływały na procesy nacjonalizacji ludności Polesia. Należały do nich: administracja państwowa, ruchy narodowe (ukraiński oraz w mniejszym stopniu – białoruski i rosyjski) oraz ruch komunistyczny. Od chwili przybycia na teren Polesia ekspedycja Obrębskiego zderzyła się z brutalnymi zasadami polityki narodowościowej, wdrażanymi w życie przez wojewodę Wacława Kostka-Biernackiego. Ze względu na istotne utrudnienia dla pracy w terenie, tezy dotyczące rozpatrywanego problemu niekiedy ukryte między wierszami, są jednak pozbawione odcieni koniunkturalności. Przytoczony materiał źródłowy pozytywnie weryfikuje terenowe obserwacje Obrębskiego odnośnie do intensywności i zasięgu terytorialnego procesu unarodowienia Poleszuków oraz jego cech na poszczególnych obszarach województwa poleskiego.

Źródło:

Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2019, 51
2392-2427

Pojawia się w:

Sprawy Narodowościowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

Bezpieczeństwo militarne II Rzeczypospolitej – aspekty wewnętrzne

Autorzy:

Jaczyński, Stanisław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811270.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-12-11

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach

Tematy:

bezpieczeństwo militarne
II Rzeczypospolita
military safety
The Second Polish Republic

Opis:

Polska po 123 lat niewoli, odradzała się w złożonej sytuacji politycznej i gospodarczej. Dwaj główni sąsiedzi – Niemcy i Rosja Radziecka – byli wrogo usposobieni do państwa polskiego. Toteż oba te państwa prowadziły wobec Polski politykę nieprzyjazną. Niemcy starały się lansować na arenie międzynarodowej tezę o tymczasowości polskiej państwowości, a Rosja Radziecka, mimo deklarowanego oficjalnie prawa do samostanowienia narodów byłego imperium rosyjskiego, nie zamierzała zaakceptować istnienia „burżuazyjnej” Polski. Źle ułożyły się także, stosunki z Czechosłowacją i Litwą. Granice II Rzeczypospolitej, ukształtowane na mocy decyzji wersalskich i ryskich, zostały ostatecznie uznane w marcu 1923 r. Terytorialny kształt państwa nie był korzystny, a nadmiernie wydłużone – łącznie 5534 km długości – nieregularne granice nie miały, poza południową granicą z Czechosłowacją, naturalnych właściwości obronnych. Co gorsza, najbardziej rozciągnięte były granice z potencjalnymi przeciwnikami Polski, a więc z Niemcami – 1912 km (w tym z Prusami Wschodnimi 607 km) i z sowiecką Rosją (od 30 grudnia 1922 r. ZSRR) 1412 km. Dysproporcja między długością granic a obszarem państwa polskiego oraz niekorzystna sytuacja polityczna na granicy zachodniej, wschodniej i północnej, postawiły Polskę już u zarania niepodległości wobec konieczności przygotowania się do obrony we wszystkich niemal kierunkach. Podstawowe wnioski płynące z analizy położenia geopolitycznego II Rzeczypospolitej to: niekorzystne linie granic oraz osamotnienie na arenie międzynarodowej, zarówno w sensie polityczno-militarnym, jak i gospodarczym. W Polsce od chwili odzyskania niepodległości dostrzegano istnienie i narastanie zagrożeń – bezpieczeństwo zewnętrzne miała zapewnić silna armia i sprawny system obronny. Modernizacja armii z lat 1936–1939 nie doprowadziła jednak do złagodzenia dysproporcji pomiędzy Polską a Niemcami i ZSRR, zwłaszcza w nowoczesnych środkach walki. Słabym ogniwem polskiego systemu bezpieczeństwa państwa było także planowanie wojenne.
After 123 years under rules of partitioning powers, Poland regained its independence in a complex political and economic situation. The two main neighbors – Germany and the Soviet Russia – were hostile to the Polish state. Thus, the policies of both countries toward Poland were hostile. Germany sought to persuade international community that the Polish state was a temporary one, and the Soviet Russia, even though it officially declared the right of self-determination to the nations of the former Russian empire, was not going to accept the existence of "bourgeois" Poland. Polish relations with Czechoslovakia and Lithuania turned out to be bad as well. The boundaries of the Second Polish Republic, determined by decisions of Versailles and Riga treaties were finally recognized in March 1923. The territorial shape of the country was not favorable, and the excessively elongated – a total of 5534 km in length – irregular boundaries lacked, except from the southern border with Czechoslovakia, the natural features making them suitable for defence. What’s worse, the most stretched borders were those of the potential adversaries of Poland, so the border with Germany – 1912 km (including 607 km with the East Prussia) and of the border of the Soviet Russia (since 30 December 1922. the USSR) 1412 km. The disproportion between the length of the borders compared to the territory of the Polish state and the unfavorable political situation along its western, eastern and northern borders, forced Poland to prepare for defence in almost all directions since its very first days of independence. The basic conclusions of the analysis of the geopolitical position of the Second Polish Republic include: unfavorable borders, and its isolation in the international arena, in terms of both political and military, and economic relations. Since the independence was regained, there was an awareness in Poland about existence and growth of threats – external security was to assured by strong armed forces and an efficient defense system. However; he modernization of the armed forces between 1936 and 1939 did not alleviate the military disparity between Poland and Germany and the Soviet Union, especially in the modern weapon systems. The weak link in the Polish state security system was also war planning.

Źródło:

DOCTRINA. Studia Społeczno-Polityczne; 2016, 13, 13; 61-74
1730-0274

Pojawia się w:

DOCTRINA. Studia Społeczno-Polityczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

Roszczenia polskich obywateli wobec niemieckich zakładów ubezpieczeniowych w okresie 20-lecia międzywojennego

Autorzy:

Bednaruk, Waldemar

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130934.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum

Tematy:

Insurance
Polish-German negotiations
Second Polish Republic
economy in 1918-1939

Opis:

After Poland regained independence, many Polish citizens were deprived of insurance protection from the plants, which for many years paid premiums for the purchased policies. In the new reality, many insurers ceased their activities on the territory of the Polish state, abandoning their clients without due compensation for the costs incurred. The Polish government tried to persuade the aut- horities of states in which these insurance companies had their headquarters to settle accounts with Polish citizens and pay them compensation for broken contracts. These were difficult negotiations, and among the countries that are least willing to make settlements, the German state should be mentioned first.

Źródło:

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2018, 2(29); 131-139
1898-8431

Pojawia się w:

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

Women in Polish banking during the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Leszczyńska, Cecylia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390661.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-12-31

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

the Second Polish Republic
Polish banking
women activity
women in Polish banking

Opis:

This paper aims to analyse the employment of women in banking during the Second Polish Republic (i.e. interwar Poland). The banking sector was small in terms of employment. The number of people associated with this sector was 18.1 thousand in 1921 and 31.2 thousand in 1931, which accounted for 0.5-0.6% of all professionally active workers outside the agricultural sector. The banking community was dominated by men, the number of women working in banks was about 6.1 thousand in 1921 and 8.5 thousand in 1931 (30% of all human resources). This paper presents the nature of jobs performed by women, their positions and earnings. The presentation takes a number of forms: according to bank types, groups of voivodeships, size of the town and according to headquarters and branches. In all cases, the activities and earnings of women and men were compared.

Źródło:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2019, 37; 93-115
0081-6485

Pojawia się w:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Polish Sports Congresses as a way of promotion and popularization of women’s physical education and sport in the period of the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Drozdek-Małolepsza, Teresa

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031738.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik

Tematy:

physical education
sport
sports congresses
the Second Polish Republic
women

Opis:

In the interwar period of the 20th century the interest in women's physical education and sports movement in Poland increased. The issue of women's physical education and sport was a subject of debates of Polish sports congresses. An important role in formulating the assumptions and programme of the development of women's sport was played by the 2nd Polish Sports Congress (1927). The assumptions of sports congresses resulted in the activity of women's sections and clubs. Sports organizations and associations took intensified action to promote women's hygiene and health. Propaganda activities were reinvigorated in relation to women's physical education and sport through the organization of conferences, courses or camps. Women were active within the structures of sport in Poland, among others they sat on boards of sports associations and clubs. Departments for women's physical education and sport operated at the State Office of Physical Education and Military Training.

Źródło:

Physical Activity Review; 2017, 5; 176-187
2300-5076

Pojawia się w:

Physical Activity Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Czasopismo „Głos Szkoły i Rodziny” (1925-1926) źródłem do rozważań nad współpracą domu ze szkołą w okresie II RP
Głos Szkoły i Rodziny Journal (1925-1926) as a Source of Contemplation of Family and School Cooperation in the Second Republic of Poland

Autorzy:

Gołdyn, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/923137.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-12-15

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

education
school
family home
the Second Polish Republic
newspaper
Płock

Opis:

To recall the history of education, for example in the period of the Second Polish Republic, it is necessary to resort to many sources. One of them, extremely important, are newspapers, which help to reconstruct discussion about some essential issues in a given period. Głos Szkoły i Rodziny periodical was issued in Płock in the years 1925-1926. The periodical was meant as a space for discussions and exchange of experiences about the family and school cooperation. While this aim may not have been reached, the newspaper is an interesting record of the history of education between 1918 and 1939, especially on the topic of the influence of the family home on school and vice versa.

Źródło:

Studia Edukacyjne; 2018, 50; 159-168
1233-6688

Pojawia się w:

Studia Edukacyjne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

The attitude presented in the press published by the Polish Socialist Party towards Gypsies in the interwar period – social and political issues

Autorzy:

Gontarek, Alicja

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074635.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-09-09

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach

Tematy:

Gypsies
Polish Socialist Party
Roma people
Socialist Press
The Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The publication discusses the Polish Socialist Party's (PPS) attitude to Gypsies and the Gypsy question in the interwar period from 1918 to 1939. An extensive search of the PPS press, including around 1600 articles on the Gypsy population, has shown that this issue also interested the PPS. However, the socialists had a decidedly negative attitude to Gypsies. This was conditioned by the fact that the party found itself in opposition to the government camp, which supported the aspirations of Gypsy kings from the Kwiek clan, and it was with them that the PPS identified Gypsies. Secondly, the strong ideologization of the party's press, based among other things on the cult of work, led to a rejection of the lifestyle of the majority of Gypsies, who represented a nomadic and semi-nomadic culture of life.

Źródło:

Historia i Świat; 2021, 10; 331-352
2299-2464

Pojawia się w:

Historia i Świat

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

Organizacja Monarchistyczna w województwie pomorskim (1925–1927). Geneza – środowisko – formy działania
The Monarchist Organisation in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1925–1927): Origins – Social Environment – Activities

Autorzy:

Łaszkiewicz, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1059245.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-31

Wydawca:

Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu

Tematy:

monarchism
conservatism
political life
political parties
second polish republic
pomeranian voivodeship

Opis:

Monarchist ideas after the First World War were introduced to Polish political life by student circles. It took the first years of activity to crystallize the programme, which finally led to its revival and establishing contacts with well-known representatives of conservative circles. These activities resulted in the establishment of the Monarchist Organisation in Poznan in 1925, whose operations soon included the area of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, largely owing to its interim president, Józef Bolesław Robakowski, who came from that region. Considering the leadership and financial background of the new organization, its establishment and development should be connected with the landed gentry’s attempt to counteract the agricultural reform, which was adopted with the support of the National Democracy in summer 1925. The postulate of the restoration of the monarchy was based on the pre-war sense of order, which was very widespread, especially in Western Poland. The right-wing sympathies spread among the inhabitants of this region gave hope for the support of a movement that appealed to nationalism, Catholic faith and royal authority. The Pomeranian landed gentry was, however, divided in the assessment of this political movement, and some influential activists explicitly distanced themselves from such views. These views seemed to be detrimental to the common interests of landowners and owners of smaller farms, which had been developed in the region for years. After two years of activity, the Monarchist Organisation merged with the All-Estate Monarchist Organisation, the Pomeranian leaders of the royalist movement joined the conservatives who had already been supporting the political movement of ‘Sanation’. The Monarchist Organisation turned out to be an anachronistic group and did not gain much public support. Nor did it find unequivocal approval among the Pomeranian landed gentry which had been subjected to social modernization for a long time. With a more pragmatic approach, the organization was able to effectively pursue its political goals in the following years.

Źródło:

Zapiski Historyczne; 2020, 85, 1; 123-140
0044-1791
2449-8637

Pojawia się w:

Zapiski Historyczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

„Mogę dostarczyć Panu tyle kobiet, że można by niemi wypełnić cały okręt”. Handel ludźmi w Warszawie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego

Autorzy:

Zakrzewski, Antoni

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788410.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-07-30

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

II Rzeczpospolita
historia
handel ludźmi
Second Polish Republic
history
human trafficking

Opis:

W Warszawie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego miał miejsce handel ludźmi na bardzo dużą skalę. Zagraniczni i polscy handlarze wyszukiwali swoje ofiary najczęściej wśród biedniejszych warstw społecznych, wykorzystując przy tym wiele wymyślnych sposobów oraz łatwowierność swoich ofiar. Trasy wywozu kobiet z Warszawy wiodły do Ameryki Łacińskiej, Afryki Północnej, Europy Zachodniej i Azji. Duża część zarówno handlarzy jak i ofiar była pochodzenia żydowskiego. Państwo Polskie prowadziło walkę z handlem ludźmi najróżniejszymi sposobami. Władze II RP mogły liczyć na wsparcie ze strony działaczy społecznych zrzeszonych w prężnie działającym Polskim Komitecie Walki z Handlem Kobietami i Dziećmi.

Źródło:

Biuletyn Kryminologiczny; 2015, 22; 102-126
2084-5375

Pojawia się w:

Biuletyn Kryminologiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Międzywojenni kasiarze. Analiza środowiskowa na przykładzie Warszawy
Inter-war period safe-breakers. An environmental analysis based on Warsaw

Autorzy:

Rodak, Mateusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698825.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

Druga Rzeczypospolita
kasiarze
Warszawa
przestępczość
Second Polish Republic
Warsaw
criminality
safebreaker

Opis:

The interwar period is sometimes described as the golden era of safe-breakers. This era is said to have begun at the beginning of the twentieth century, whereas the second half of the 1930s marks its end. The largest group of safe-breakers was comprised of criminals from Warsaw (over 200 people). This article attempts to analyse this environment with additional elements of prosopography. I would like to answer the question of who these safe-breakers of Warsaw during the interwar period were and to attempt to reconstruct the courses of their ‘careers’ alongside the question of motive. An especially interesting aspect is their social background. The article concludes with thoughts on the connections between the reality at that time and the current idea of an interwar safe-breaker.
Okres międzywojenny bywa nazywany „złotą erą kasiarzy”. Jej początek datuje się na przełom dwóch pierwszych dekad XX w. Jednocześnie druga połowa lat 30. to zmierzch kasiarskiego świata. Najliczniejszą w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej grupę kasiarzy tworzyli przestępcy warszawscy (ponad 200 osób). Artykuł stanowi próbę analizy środowiskowej z elementami prozopografii. Szukam odpowiedzi na pytania o to, kim byli warszawscy kasiarze okresu międzywojennego. Szczególnie interesujące pozostaje zagadnienie dotyczące ich pochodzenia społecznego, a także próba rekonstrukcji przebiegu ich „karier” przestępczych oraz pytanie o motywacje. Artykuł kończą rozważania dotyczące relacji między ówczesną rzeczywistością a funkcjonującym obecnie obrazem międzywojennych kasiarzy.

Źródło:

Archiwum Kryminologii; 2019, XLI/1; 497-536
0066-6890
2719-4280

Pojawia się w:

Archiwum Kryminologii

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Together but Apart: University Experience of Jewish Students in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Aleksiun, Natalia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601747.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
Jewish students
Jewish student organizations
‘ghetto benches’
Polonization

Opis:

This paper examines the experiences of Jewish university students in Warsaw, Lvov, Wilno and Cracow, focusing on their interactions with each other as well as with other students. These experiences are divided into three categories: daily encounters and mutual relations (or the lack thereof), the vision of the academic community to which the students aspired, and Jewish students' reactions to antisemitism. I argue that for many Jewish students, these daily university experiences both on campuses and beyond strengthened their sense of being outsiders. Having been excluded from most of the general student organizations they had to form their own, which limited their interactions with other students even further, and, above all, strengthened feeling that they were being singled out and victimized.

Źródło:

Acta Poloniae Historica; 2014, 109
0001-6829

Pojawia się w:

Acta Poloniae Historica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

Nationalitätenfragen in der polnischen Anwaltschaft der Zwischenkriegszeit

Autorzy:

Materniak-Pawłowska, Małgorzata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621386.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

the Bar association, the Second Polish Republic, national minorities, ethnic conflicts

Opis:

The rebirth of the Polish state after a long period of partition constituted a great op-portunity as well as a new challenge for professionals in the Bar association. The Barassociation attained self-governing status. This, on the one hand, enabled the group tocreate an environment and to strengthen the social significance of this group in Poland.On the other hand, it created dangers caused by the different traditions which werecultivated in different parts of the formerly partitioned Poland. Another factor contri-buting to the problem was the multinational composition of the Bar. The Bar duringthe interwar years was highly divided ethnically. The Jewish and Ukrainian minoritieshad an especially strong representation. The Bar organizations protected their nationalautonomy. The conflict between the numerous associations, which were formally openfor minorities and practically organized according to national interests, was severe. Thisconflict was especially visible in Lesser Poland. The pressure of professional competiti-on cast a shadow over the Bar’s ethos. Antagonisms based on nationality were presentin the researched period with a varying degree of intensity and appeared in differentforms. The situation was finally alleviated by the act from 1938. The looming threat ofthe impending war also contributed to their appeasement.

Źródło:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2015, 14, 2; 97-111
1732-9132
2719-9991

Pojawia się w:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

Powszechne Wykłady Uniwersyteckie jako forma pracy Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego na rzecz oświaty dorosłych w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej – zarys problematyki

Autorzy:

Magdalena, Rzepka,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892338.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-10-16

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

the Second Polish Republic
University of Warsaw
public lectures
adult education

Opis:

The article presents an outline of the history of institution called University Public Lectures, which functioned at the University of Warsaw during the interwar period, starting from the year 1922. The task of the institution was to organise, on a regular basis, open lectures in order to reach a wide audience from outside the academic community. The large number of lecturers recruited from among the most eminent professors of the University of Warsaw, specialising in various fields of academic research, ensured the high substantive level of the organised lectures. The organisation of the lectures constituted one of the ways in which the University of Warsaw was carrying out its task of promoting scientific knowledge and presenting the results of the most recent scientific research to the general public. Due to the aim of the lectures, their subject matter was quite diverse and often centered around the recent problems of the Polish community and state. Although the idea of open lectures was not novel at the time, University Public Lectures contributed to the adult education provided by the University of Warsaw.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2017, 62(3 (245)); 112-130
0023-5938

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Polish Diaspora and Military Intelligence of the Second Polish Republic, 1918-1939. An Outline of the Problem

Autorzy:

Skóra, Wojciech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1956422.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-04-24

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL

Tematy:

Polonia
wywiad wojskowy
Druga Rzeczpospolita
Polish diaspora
military intelligence
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

Polonia a wywiad wojskowy Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej (1918-1939). Zarys problemu Wielomilionowa Polonia była uznawana przez władze Polski za rezerwuar wsparcia dla kraju. Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych prowadziło działania mające uczynić z niej narzędzie rządu. Polonia, rozumiana jako Polacy na stałe przebywający za granicą, była w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym podstawą działań wywiadu polskiego. Do takiego wniosku prowadzi analiza wybranych siatek wywiadowczych i narodowości agentów. Nie dotyczyło to wyłącznie „agenturalnej drobnicy”, owych tysięcy osób zbierających drobne wiadomości. Również najważniejsi agenci – choć rzadziej – byli z pochodzenia Polakami.
Millions of Poles living outside of their native lands, that is members of Polish diaspora, were recognized by the Polish authorities as a reservoir of strong support for the homeland. The Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs conducted activities aimed at turning them into a useful tool in the hands of the government. Polish diaspora, mainly understood as Poles permanently living abroad, formed the basis for Polish intelligence activities in the interwar period. An analysis of selected intelligence networks and agents’ nationalities may lead to such a conclusion. This phenomenon applied not only to “small fries” in the intelligence cycle, that is thousands of people gathering meaningless information, but also to the most prominent agents, who – although less often – were of Polish origin.

Źródło:

Studia Polonijne; 2019, 40; 209-221
0137-5210

Pojawia się w:

Studia Polonijne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Rodzina tatarska w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej wobec transmisji kulturowej
Intergeneration transmission of cultural heritage of polish Tatars family in the years 1918 - 1939

Autorzy:

WRÓBLEWSKA, URSZULA

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/435578.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Pedagogiki. Zakład Historii Edukacji

Tematy:

intergeneration, transmission of cultural heritage, Polish Muslim Tatars,
the Second Polish Republic.

Opis:

Intergeneration transmission of cultural heritage of polish Tatars family in the years 1918 - 1939

Źródło:

Wychowanie w Rodzinie; 2011, I, (1/2011)
2082-9019

Pojawia się w:

Wychowanie w Rodzinie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

Etatism of the economy of the Second Polish Republic in the period of parliamentary democracy: conditions, stages, evaluation (part 2: 1923–1926)

Autorzy:

Luszniewicz, Jacek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630165.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie

Tematy:

the Second Polish Republic
economy
etatism
the period of 1923–1926

Opis:

The article constitutes the second part of the study analysing the development of the public sector in the economy of the Second Polish Republic in the period from the regaining of independence in November 1918 to the coup of May 1926. The first part, published in the previous issue, concerned the period of 1918–1923. The second part presents the etatist policy of the last years of parliamentary democracy, in particular, the policy implemented by the government of Władysław Grabski which was formed in December 1923. This government, functioning until November 1925, has markedly contributed to the further growth of the state sector through, inter alia, the reform of treasury monopolies, reorganization of commercial banking and activation of investments in industry and infrastructure. The strengthening of the etatist tendencies which took place in 1923–1925 also impacted on the policy of the government of Aleksander Skrzyński, which was operating from November 1925 to April 1926. The conclusion of the article is the claim that the state sector in the economy of the Second Polish Republic in 1918–1926 was undergoing the process of continuous growth.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2018, 4 (36); 65-84
2082-0976

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Istota reformy rolnej w II Rzeczypospolitej
Agrarian Reform in Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Noniewicz, Czesław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955505.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

Second Polish Republic
agrarian reform
II Rzeczypospolita
reforma rolna
Witold Staniewicz

Opis:

Ustawa z 1920 roku przewidywała parcelację przymusową majątków ziemskich i przekazywanie ziemi chłopom za połowę ceny rynkowej. Przeszkodą w jej realizacji stał się zapis w konstytucji z 1921 roku o nienaruszalności własności prywatnej. Dopiero ustawa z 1925 roku, przewidująca sprzedaż rozparcelowanej ziemi po cenie rynkowej, mogła być uznana za zgodną z konstytucją. Dwa zasadnicze czynniki warunkowały realizację reformy rolnej, poczynając od 1926 roku – cena ziemi i popyt na ziemię. Profesor Witold Staniewicz, kierując Ministerstwem Reform Rolnych w latach 1926-1930, nadał reformie charakter dwuczłonowy: obok parcelacji majątków, intensywnie była prowadzona komasacja ziemi w gospodarstwach chłopskich. Parcelację traktował on jako czynnik skłaniający mieszkańców wsi do przestrzennego uporządkowania gruntów. Reforma miała być długotrwałym procesem parcelacji majątków i komasacji ziemi chłopskiej. Można ją porównać z reformą uwłaszczeniową w zaborze pruskim w XIX wieku. Istota reformy rolnej w II Rzeczypospolitej polegała na wzmacnianiu gospodarstw rodzinnych w dłuższej perspektywie. Temu służyła ziemia z rozparcelowanych majątków oraz komasacja ziemi we wsiach.
The Act of 1920 provided for compulsory subdivision of estates and transfer of land to the peasantry at half the market price. An obstacle to the implementation of the law was the constitutional clause of the inviolability of private property passed in 1921. It was only the Act of 1925, providing for the sale of land at market price, that was deemed to be compatible with the Constitution. Two essential factors influenced the implementation of the agrarian reform of 1926: the price of land and the demand for land. Professor Witold Staniewicz, the Minister of Agrarian Reform in the years 1926-1930, divided the reform into two stages: besides the breaking up of estates, intense accumulation of land in peasant farms was undertaken. He regarded the subdivision of estates as a factor conducive to the change of spatial arrangement of lands. The reform was to involve a lengthy process of parcellation of estates and land regrouping. It is possible to compare it with the reform of enfranchisement in the Prussian Partition in the nineteenth century. The essence of the land reform in the Second Polish Republic was a long-term strengthening of family farms.

Źródło:

Optimum. Economic Studies; 2016, 6(84); 76-82
1506-7637

Pojawia się w:

Optimum. Economic Studies

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Historical Outline of the Short Activity of the Karaite Public Primary School in Troki, 1918–1923
Rys historyczny z krótkiej działalności powszechnej szkoły karaimskiej w Trokach (1918–1923)

Autorzy:

Wróblewska, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33756977.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Tematy:

Karaims
primary school
Second Polish Republic
Karaimi
szkoła powszechna
II RP

Opis:

The aim of the scientific article on the general Karaite school in Trakai in 1918–1923 is to discuss five years of the only Karaite school that operated in the first years after Poland regained independence. Karaims are currently the smallest ethnic minority in Poland, which has retained its cultural identity, partly due to the importance of knowledge and science as superior religious values. The word karaim itself means the reader, which is why the schools in which the skills of reading the scriptures were so important. The first official information about the Karaite school in Trakai comes from 1576. The activities of the school were interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War and the hostilities forced the Karaims to leave Trakai. The history of the Karaite school in Trakai appears again in archival documents from the interwar period. The article was prepared on the basis of archival documents kept in the Lithuanian Central State Archives, in the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in Vilnius in the document collection of the Archives of the Karaim Clerical Administration in Trakai and in the Lithuanian Central State Archive in Vilnius in the fond of the Vilnius School District Board in the files of the school inspectorate of the Trakai district. This text discusses the activity of the Karaim general school in Trakai (1918–1923), taking into account school conditions, organizational and structural changes, the curriculum, methods and forms, and the composition of teachers and students, and shows the importance of the Karaite school for Karaims and the Trakai community. The short years of operation of the Karaite school in Trakai testify to its phenomenon, because it was the only school of a religious minority in the period in question, which constituted the basis for the development and preservation of their cultural identity for the Karaims.
Celem artykułu naukowego dotyczącego powszechnej szkoły karaimskiej w Trokach w latach 1918–1923 jest omówienie pięciu lat działalności jedynej szkoły karaimskiej, która funkcjonowała w pierwszych latach po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości. Karaimi są obecnie najmniejszą mniejszością etniczną w Polsce, która zachowała swoją odrębność kulturową, po części za sprawą znaczenia wiedzy i nauki, jako nadrzędnych wartości religijnych. Samo słowo karaim oznacza bowiem czytającego, dlatego tak istotne były szkoły, w których zdobywano umiejętności czytania pisma świętego. Pierwsze oficjalne informacje o szkole karaimskiej w Trokach pochodzą z 1576 r. Działalność szkoły przerwał wybuch pierwszej wojny światowej a działania wojenne zmusiły Karaimów do opuszczenia Trok. Na nowo historia szkoły karaimskiej w Trokach pojawia się w dokumentach archiwalnych z okresu międzywojennego. Artykuł został opracowany na podstawie dokumentów archiwalnych znajdujących się w Litewskim Centralnym Archiwum Państwowym, w Bibliotece Litewskiej Akademii Nauki w Wilnie im. Wróblewskich w kolekcji dokumentów Archiwum Karaimskiego Zarządu Duchownego w Trokach oraz w Litewskim Centralnym Archiwum Państwowym w Wilnie w zespole Kuratorium Okręgu Szkolnego Wileńskiego w teczkach inspektoratu szkolnego powiatu trockiego. W niniejszym tekście omówiono działalność powszechnej szkoły karaimskiej w Trokach (1918–1923), uwzględniając warunki szkolne, zmiany organizacyjne i strukturalne, program nauczania, metody i formy, skład osobowy nauczycieli i uczniów oraz ukazano znaczenie szkoły karaimskiej dla Karaimów jak i dla społeczności trockiej. Krótkie lata działalności szkoły karaimskiej w Trokach świadczą o jej fenomenie, bo była to jedyna szkoła mniejszości religijnej w omawianym okresie, która stanowiła dla Karaimów podstawę rozwoju i zachowania ich tożsamości kulturowej.

Źródło:

Res Historica; 2022, 53; 343-361
2082-6060

Pojawia się w:

Res Historica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

Dyskusje o podziale na województwa w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Discussion on the division into voivodeships in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Leszczyńska, Cecylia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044482.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Mazowieckie Biuro Planowania Regionalnego w Warszawie

Tematy:

Druga Rzeczpospolita
podziały terytorialne
polskie województwa
Second Polish Republic
territorial divisions
polish voivodeships

Opis:

Celem artykułu jest odtworzenie debaty dotyczącej podziału na województwa w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej, który został wprowadzony w latach 1919–1922. Kształt województw stał się przedmiotem licznych dyskusji, jej uczestnicy zazwyczaj oceniali go krytycznie podkreślając jego nieadekwatność do potrzeb administracji państwowej i wyzwań gospodarczych. Najwięcej projektów przedstawiono w latach 20. XX w. w związku z działalnością trzech komisji rządowo-parlamentarnych pracujących nad koncepcją podziału terytorialnego. Proponowane zmiany miały na celu zatarcie granic byłych zaborów oraz uwzględnienie w nowym podziale na województwa kryteriów demograficznych, ekonomicznych i komunikacyjnych. Projekty te zostały zrealizowane częściowo dopiero w latach 1937–1939, kiedy dokonano przesunięć przede wszystkim granic województw centralnych i zachodnich.
The aim of this article is to reconstruct the debate on the division into voivodeships in the Second Polish Republic, which was implemented in the years 1919–1922. The shape of the voivodeships became the subject of numerous discussions, which participants usually evaluated it critically, stressing its inadequacy to the needs of state administration and economic challenges. The highest number of projects was presented in the 1920s in connection with the activities of three governmental and parliamentary commissions working on the concept of territorial division. The proposed changes were aimed at blurring the borders of the former partitions and taking into account demographic, economic and communication criteria in the new division into voivodeships. These projects were only partially implemented in the years 1937–1939, when mainly the borders of the central and western voivodeships were shifted.

Źródło:

MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne; 2021, 38; 11-27
1689-4774

Pojawia się w:

MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

The legal position of the notary in the Second Republic – reform projects. The period between 1918 and 1923
Pozycja prawna notariusza w II RP – projekty reform. Okres 1918 –1923

Autorzy:

Chłopecki, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/472967.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-12-01

Wydawca:

Collegium Witelona Uczelnia Państwowa

Tematy:

the Second Polish Republic
law
notary
reform
II Rzeczypospolita
prawo
notariusz, reforma

Opis:

This article discusses the manner of shaping the concept of the notary in the period following the restoration of Polish independence until 1923. This period, due to the legal solutions implemented by the partitioning states in various areas, was characterized by a multitude of provisions and the problems with their practical enforcement. As a result, there was an urgent need for unification of the Polish legal system, including the provisions on the notary, which would re-determine the legal position of this particular institution in the Second Polish Republic. This article presents the first part of the discussion on the concepts and ideas presented by individual Notary Chambers and notaries themselves
Artykuł Pozycja prawna notariusza w II RP – projekty reform. Okres 1918 –1923 omawia sposób kształtowania się notariatu i jego koncepcji bezpośrednio po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości do roku 1923. Okres ten z uwagi na obowiązujące na poszczególnych terenach rozwiązania prawne państw zaborczych charakteryzował Tomasz Chłopecki 143 się różnorodnością przepisów prawnych oraz problemami w ich egzekwowaniu. W wyniku tego istniała pilna potrzeba unifikacji polskiego sytemu prawnego, w tym również przepisów o notariacie, które na nowo określiłyby pozycję prawną notariusza w II Rzeczypospolitej. Artykuł przedstawia rozważania na temat koncepcji i idei prezentowanych przez poszczególne Izby Notarialne oraz samych notariuszy ze Stefanem Górą i Władysławem Leopoldem Jaworskim na czele.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy; 2017, 4, 25
1896-8333

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Wykształcenie ludności II Rzeczypospolitej w świetle badań GUS
Education of population of the Second Polish Republic in the light of research by CSO

Autorzy:

Stańczyk, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/533512.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Tematy:

the Second Polish Republic
education
level of education
illiteracy
national population census

Opis:

The article presents diverse structures of the population of Poland in the interwar period according to the level of education (including literacy and numeracy) due to gender, religious denomination and residence. The results of the population census from 1921 and 1931 were the main source of data. In the light of the empirical evidence it was stated that primary education (in total 37.5% of the general population at the age of 15 years and more) had had a dominant position in the population structure and people with a higher level of education 0.7% (1921). In the period of the Second Polish Republic the education process was selective on the grounds of gender and religious denomination; men were better educated than women. Evangelical Church members were best educated and Orthodox Church worst. As a result of a big diversity of parts of Poland with respect to the degree of the implementation of public education there was a big disproportion between regions in Poland in the level of education and the structure in terms of education (among others in the level of illiteracy). There was a big educational gap in the eastern regions and the best situation in this regard was observed in western voivodeships.

Źródło:

Społeczeństwo i Ekonomia; 2016, 1(5); 7-26
2353-8937

Pojawia się w:

Społeczeństwo i Ekonomia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

Visual symbols of new identity in cities of modern Ukraine during the interwar period

Autorzy:

Linda, S.
Mykhaylyshyn, O.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/390342.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej

Tematy:

architecture
identity
Second Polish Republic
Soviet Ukraine
Lviv
Kyiv
Kharkov
interwar period

Opis:

In the interwar period western and eastern parts of the modern-day Ukraine were included into two countries – the Second Polish Republic and the Soviet Union. The development of cities of modern-day Ukraine during 1920-30th took place according to various ideological and cultural models. Changes in “cultural models” and ideological guidelines, as well as the departure from forms of traditional society during that period can be viewed as associated but semantically inconsistent targets; those carried out in each region in different sociopolitical conditions and with different directions of socio-cultural transformations; those that can be seen most clearly in the spatial planning of the cities. Approaches to the planning of Western Ukrainian cities, based on the synthesis of historically formed traditional environment, identified urban environment as European integral element of globalization process and were interpreted as an idea, alternative to socialistic internationalism that was consistently implemented in the Soviet Ukraine at that time. The process of formation of national and collective identity was visualized by “blending” and modernization of architectural environment layers, entry or expulsion of architectural sites of different ages, which symbolized the socio-cultural changes, both were part of the interaction of social and cultural systems.

Źródło:

Budownictwo i Architektura; 2017, 16, 3; 63-76
1899-0665

Pojawia się w:

Budownictwo i Architektura

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

Wileńskie Szopki Akademickie jako zjawisko artystyczne w środowisku Wydziału Sztuk Pięknych Uniwersytetu Stefana Batorego w Wilnie

Autorzy:

Kania, Agnieszka

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450017.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

Academic life in the Second Polish Republic
artistic initiatives in Vilnius in the Second Polish Republic
Stefan Batory University in Vilnius
theatre in Vilnius
Vilnius Academic Nativity Scenes

Opis:

The article concerns Vilnius Academic Nativity Scenes, which were created in 1921-1926 in the environment of the Faculty of Fine Arts of the Vilnius University. Performances were created by both academic teachers and students. Nativity scenes were satirical and divided into two parts: traditional and current. The article presents the silhouettes of the creators of the Nativity Scenes, as well as their influence on the character of the performances. It also depicts the main themes of Nativity Scenes, such as: aspects of academic life, conflicts in the artistic milieu of Vilnius, as well as important political and cultural events. The article aims to present the importance of Academic Nativity Scenes in the Vilnius University milieu, as well as in the cultural life of the city. 

Źródło:

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne; 2019, 26, 1; 192-204
1232-1575

Pojawia się w:

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Social privileges in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Grata, Paweł

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683779.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016-04-09

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

social privilege
social security
health care
social care
the Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The Second Polish Republic developed an advanced and, in many ways, modern system of social care; however, the services which the citizens were entitled to seemed to be privileges available only to a small part of the population. The origins of this situation are to be found in the specific social and occupational structure of the population, low industrialization rate and the modest financial capabilities of the state and local governments. These resulted in a limited number of people with access to social insurances, a limited scope of public health care, a selective nature of access to unemployment insurance or radical differences in access to social care. And it is this unavailability of the social offer which determines the consideration of those benefits in Poland as privileges rather than commonly available rights of the Polish citizens.

Źródło:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2015, 33; 19-36
0081-6485

Pojawia się w:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Pomnik w Uroczysku Jaroszówka – świadek akcji komasacji gruntów w II Rzeczpospolitej
Monument in the Jaroszówka Area – Witness of Land Aggregation in the Second Polish Republic

Autorzy:

Łopatecki, Karol
Poniat, Radosław
Zalewska, Ewa

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952089.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

ancestral identity
Bialystok
historical memory
the Kozyrski family
the Second Polish Republic

Opis:

The article presents research concerning historical memory in micro scale on the example of a monument erected by a Bialystok burgher Konstanty Kozyrski in 1937 in the Jaroszówka area. Although Kozyrski’s foundation assumed the form of a religious artefact, it was not a simple expression of religiousness, or an ordinary request for the care of supernatural forces. First of all, this action was a physical manifestation of the family’s memory and identity which did not correspond to ethnic and religious consciousness of the majority of their neighbours. Moreover, it was an attempt to legitimise the Kozyrskis’ land ownership in the period of the integration action ran by the state authorities in Poland’s twenty years of independence after World War I. The article shows the alienation of the family from the local community: the Kozyrskis were the newcomers, who emphasized their connection with the town, not the country, they were the members of the Orthodox Church, and they stood out economically owing to preferential legislation under Russification run by the Russian Empire.

Źródło:

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne; 2014, 23; 97-110
1230-2392

Pojawia się w:

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

Rozwój przemysłu w Polsce w latach trzydziestych XX wieku
Industrial Development in Poland in the 1930s

Autorzy:

Zagóra-Jonszta, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28825331.pdf

Data publikacji:

2024

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Tematy:

przemysł
lata trzydzieste XX w.
Druga Rzeczpospolita
industry
1930s
Second Polish Republic

Opis:

Sytuacja gospodarcza Polski w latach 30. XX w. charakteryzowała się dużymi skrajnościami: od wielkiego kryzysu gospodarczego do przyspieszonego rozwoju w drugiej połowie dekady. Celem artykułu jest prześledzenie rozwoju przemysłu w drugiej dekadzie odrodzonej Polski. W artykule wykorzystano dane statystyczne dotyczące omawianej problematyki oraz zastosowano metodę analizy źródłowej i metodę opisową. Oparto się zarówno na literaturze przedwojennej, jak i współczesnej. Zmiany koniunktury odzwierciedliły się w kondycji przemysłu, którego znaczenie rosło. Zamiarem rządu było przekształcenie kraju o przewadze rolnictwa w przemysłowo-rolniczy. Ambitne cele, jakie przyświecały polityce gospodarczej, nie zostały w pełni zrealizowane, ale starano się zapewnić rozwój kraju i mimo trudności gospodarczych i politycznych udało się to w dużej mierze osiągnąć. Na pierwszy plan wysuwa się największa inwestycja okresu międzywojennego: Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy. Kryzys zintensyfikował również proces kartelizacji przemysłu, czego konsekwencją były rozwarte „nożyce cen”. Szkodliwa działalność zagranicznych kapitałów skutkowała pod koniec lat 30. polonizacją największych koncernów.
The economic situation of Poland in the 1930s was characterized by big extremes: from the great economic crisis to accelerated development in the second half of the decade. The aim of the article is to trace the development of industry over second decade of reborn Poland. The article uses statistical data on the discussed issues and uses the source analysis method and description method. It was based on both pre-war and post-war literature. Changes in the economic situation were reflected in the condition of the industry, the importance of which was growing. The intention of the government was to transform the country from an agricultural-industrial one into an industrial-agricultural one. The ambitious goals that guided the economic policy were not fully achieved, but efforts were made to ensure the country’s development and, despite economic and political difficulties, they were largely achieved. The largest investment in the interwar period comes to the fore: the Central Industrial District. The crisis also intensified the process of cartelization of the industry, which resulted in an open “price scissors”. In the late 1930s, the harmful activity of capital resulted in the polonization of global corporations.

Źródło:

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2024, 68, 1; 151-160
1899-3192

Pojawia się w:

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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