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Tytuł:
Erotetic Reasoning Corpus. A data set for research on natural question processing
Autorzy:
Łupkowski, P.
Urbański, M.
Wiśniewski, A.
Błądek, W.
Juska, A.
Kostrzewa, A.
Pankow, D.
Paluszkiewicz, K.
Ignaszak, O.
Urbańska, J.
Żyluk, N.
Gajda, A.
Marciniak, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
question
logic of question
question processing
erotetic reasoning
corpus annotation
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present the Erotetic Reasoning Corpus (ERC) which constitutes a data set for research on natural question processing. We describe the theoretical background, linguistic data and tags used for the annotation process. We also discuss the potential areas in which the ERC can be exploited.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2017, 5, 3; 607-631
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Questions Hidden in Schoolchildren’s Responses – Structure and Didactic Functions
Autorzy:
Kojs, Wojciech
Gabzdyl, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2004930.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
question
‘hidden’ question
operator and object of question
structure and functions of question
primary education
Opis:
The aim of the study was to determine the role of structure and functions of ‘hidden’ questions in schoolchildren’s responses to questions posed to them by teachers during lessons. The study sample consisted of 1154 answers of elementary school-age children related to questions formulated by teachers. Observation as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis of data was used. The structure and functions of both answers and questions were determined. The obtained data allowed for specifying the status of a significant part of primary education. The study revealed an important new area of research associated with the fact of what is happening between the phase of creating and formulating questions by the teacher and the phase of understanding and creating responses by the schoolchild.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2016, 45; 89-101
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interrogative construction in Úwù
Autorzy:
Adeoye, Jelili Adewale
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1177944.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Interrogative head
Topical phrase
Úwù
Wh- operator
content question
polar question
Opis:
Question formation is a universal phenomenon; it is indeed an integral part of the universal grammar. Every native speaker of a language has a way of making enquiries on issues that bother them. In this study, I examine the syntax of interrogative constructions in Úwù. I show that there are two types of interrogative constructions in the language namely polar and content question. I establish that polar question is derived through Intero which select IP/FinP as its complement to project maximally. I also show that the head of the content interrogative sentence is null like many Defoid –Kwa languages where content Intero head selects FocP as its complement. It is established in this study that unlike other Defoid –Kwa languages, Úwù content Intero head selects TopP as its direct complement. The study adopts the split CP hypothesis and the catographic analysis of Rizzi (1997 & 2001) for its analysis.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 97; 225-240
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Du « socialisme de cœur » zolien, ou comment être considéré en même temps comme « socialiste » et « ennemi du peuple »
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek-Wiśniewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1912392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Zola
socialisme
peuple
question sociale
utopie
socialism
people
social question
utopia
Opis:
Suite à la publication de Germinal en 1885, la critique a classé Zola comme un écrivain « socialiste ». Le romancier lui-même a utilisé ce qualificatif plusieurs fois en parlant de son œuvre. En même temps, il ignorait la doctrine marxiste et était un adversaire déclaré de la révolution, ainsi que de l’égalité et du gouvernement par le peuple. Le présent article se propose d’expliquer quelques aspects du « socialisme » de Zola compte tenu de ses origines, ses expériences de jeunesse et l’évolution de son œuvre, ce qui permettra de comprendre le sens particulier que l’écrivain donnait à ce terme.
When Germinal was published in 1885, the critic classified Zola as a “socialist” writer. The author himself used this adjective many times referring to his work. At the same time, he didn’t know Marxism and was a resolute opponent to revolution, equality and the government by the people. The paper aims to explain some aspects of Zola’s “socialism” taking into account his origins, his youth experiences and the evolution of his works. This might help to understand the particular meaning done to the term by the writer.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica; 2020, 15; 281-292
1505-9065
2449-8831
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Refugee Question as an International Global Problem
Autorzy:
Potyrała, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Refugee Question
Global problem
Opis:
The problem of refugees is a phenomenon characteristic of contemporary international relations. It can take an individual form (as a result of individual persecutions of a racial, religious, national or political character) or the form of mass relocations, especially in the face of military conflicts or general breaching of human rights. The purpose of this paper is to present the refugee question as an international global problem that may appear in any region of the world, impacting the situation of states and societies, that is perceived as both a threat and a fundamental challenge for the entire international community.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2014, 7; 307-322
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy lekcje języka polskiego uczą myślenia?
Do Polish lessons teach thinking?
Autorzy:
Tabisz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075669.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
question
lower-order question
higher-order question
didactic dialogue
pytanie
pytanie niższego rzędu
pytanie wyższego rzędu
dialog dydaktyczny
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiam wyniki jakościowej i ilościowej analizy 555 pytań zawartych w scenariuszach lekcji języka polskiego, których autorami są studenci III roku filologii polskiej. Posiłkuję się przy tym klasyfikacją Elizabeth Perrott, która, uwzględniając „taksonomię celów edukacyjnych” Benjamina Blooma, zaproponowała podział pytań ze względu na typ procesu myślowego uruchomianego podczas odpowiedzi, wyróżniając pytania niższego rzędu (przypominanie, zrozumienie, zastosowanie) oraz pytania wyższego rzędu (analiza, synteza i ewaluacja). Tekst składa się z dwóch zasadniczych części. W pierwszej prezentuję kategorię pytania z perspektywy pragmatycznej, gramatycznej i dydaktycznej, w drugiej przedstawiam i komentuję wyniki analizy jakościowej i ilościowej pytań, która jednoznacznie wskazuje na nadużywanie przez studentów pytań niższego rzędu (ponad 75% w badanym materiale), służących jedynie egzekwowaniu wiedzy.
In this paper I present the results of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 555 questions contained in the scenarios of Polish language lessons, whose authors are students of the 3rd year of Polish Philology. I am using the Elizabeth Perrott’s classification, which, taking into account Benjamin Bloom’s “taxonomy of educational objectives”, proposed a division of questions due to the type of thought process launched during the response, highlighting lower-order questions (recall, comprehension, application) and higher-order questions (analysis, synthesis and evaluation). The text consists of two essential parts. In the first one, I present a category of questions from a pragmatic, grammatical and didactic perspective, in the second one I present and comment on the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of questions that clearly indicates the students’ overuse of lower-order questions (over 75% in the study material), which are to enforce knowledge.
Źródło:
Polonistyka. Innowacje; 2020, 11; 125-138
2450-6435
Pojawia się w:
Polonistyka. Innowacje
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Interdisciplinary Problem: An Analysis
Autorzy:
Walczak, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30147102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
interdisciplinarity
problem
question
interdisciplinary problem
interdisciplinary question
interdyscyplinarność
pytanie
problem interdyscyplinarny
pytanie interdyscyplinarne
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept of the interdisciplinary problem using the categories of the logic of questions. The problem is seen in a logical and epistemic sense: the problem is a meaning of the question, and the question is a formulation of the problem in a particular language. Demonstrating that the interdisciplinarity of an interdisciplinary problem is understood in terms of a particular kind of complexity, I indicate the places where it is realized in the structure of the problem-question, in the problem’s solution-answer to the question, and in the cognitive context of the problem solving - answering to the question. The paper also displays how an interdisciplinary problem is situated within the broader structure of an interdisciplinary research process. Thus, the paper provides not only a metatheoretical characterization of the interdisciplinary problem but also a general methodological tool for analyzing particular interdisciplinary problems.
Źródło:
Analiza i Egzystencja; 2022, 60; 21-42
1734-9923
2300-7621
Pojawia się w:
Analiza i Egzystencja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
"Myślisz, że jak to się robi?" O strukturze tematyczno-rematycznej pewnego typu zdań pytajnych
"How do you think it should be done?" About the thematic-rematic structure of a certain type of interrogative sentences
Autorzy:
Wójcicka, Alicja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/568223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
semantics
thematic-rematic structure
question
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to present an analysis of the thematic-rematic structure of Polish equivalents of interrogative sentences such as What do you think he had done?, namely of questions about some component of subordinate clause. In Polish, an interrogative pronoun has to be placed within the subordinate clause (it can be moved to the beginning of the sentence, but such an operation is connected with the contrastive intonation of the pronoun). The author claims that questions of the given type are to be interpret just as other wh-questions. She cites the theory of thematic-rematic structure of questions of A. Bogusławski and modifies this theory in order to account for interrogative sentences with counter-factive predicates, such as to lie.
Źródło:
Linguistica Copernicana; 2016, 13; 201-216
2080-1068
2391-7768
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O zadawaniu pytań na lekcji języka polskiego. Studium przypadku
On asking questions in the Polish language lesson. Case study
Autorzy:
Tabisz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782308.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
lesson dialogue
conversation
question
teacher
student
Opis:
The article presents the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of questions asked during a single Polish language lesson. It consists of two main parts. The first presents and comments on the results of the teacher’s questions analysis, the second ‒ questions asked by students. The concept of Bogusław Skowronek was used, who distinguished four types of questions in his classification: 1) reassuring-instrumental; 2) substantive; 3) about the meta-didactic function; 4) not related to the classroom situation. The first two categories were specified in more detail by Elizabeth Perrott’s proposition, which distinguishes between guiding questions and questions for clarification among reassuring-instrumental questions, while she divides substantive questions according to the type of thought process launched during the answer and indicates lower-order and higher-order questions. The text ends with a summary containing not very optimistic conclusions.
Źródło:
Z Teorii i Praktyki Dydaktycznej Języka Polskiego; 2020, 29; 139-156
0208-5011
2353-9577
Pojawia się w:
Z Teorii i Praktyki Dydaktycznej Języka Polskiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dopuszczalność skargi do sądu administracyjnego na bezczynność lub przewlekłe prowadzenie postępowania w przypadku braku odpowiedzi na interpelację, zapytanie oraz interwencję poselską
Admissibility of a complaint to the administrative court for inactivity or excessive length of proceedings in the absence of a response to an interpellation, Deputy’s question or intervention
Autorzy:
Bińkowska-Artowicz, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195397.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Deputy
Deputy’s question
interpellation
court
Opis:
According to the author, a complaint to the administrative court in the discussed cases is not admissible. This thesis is justified by provisions of applicable law and jurisprudence of administrative courts. The provisions of the Act – Law on Proceedings before Administrative Courts indicate that a complaint against inactivity or excessive length of proceedings is admissible only in cases where a public administration body was obliged to issue decisions, rulings or other acts.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2021, 1(69); 163-168
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
La poésie de Philippe Jaccottet : réparer l’absence, « à la frontière de Dieu »
The Poetry of Philippe Jaccottet: repairing absence, near the frontier with God
Autorzy:
Guermès, Sophie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483669.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Wydawnictwo Werset
Tematy:
Philippe Jaccottet
poetry
religion
absence
question
Opis:
In 1961 Philippe Jaccottet wrote: "The best answer to all kinds of questions is the poem’s very absence of a response". In keeping with the elusive nature of the world, abandoned by the gods and by God, the poem remains mysterious, thus trans-lating as well as preserving the inexhaustible richness of Nature and human beings. So the poet not only accepts such a precarious situation, but learns from it. Nevertheless, when someone dear dies, the poet tends to deny the absence of the loved one and revolts against it, since there no longer are any signs of presence: merely incomprehensible absence. Yet he chooses to bear witness, even if he remains ignorant and weak. In effect, this is a duty: poetry provides a link which enables the separation to avoid becoming a definitive absence. Words are repairing shuttles.
Źródło:
Quêtes littéraires; 2012, 2; 101-115
2084-8099
2657-487X
Pojawia się w:
Quêtes littéraires
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE QUESTION “WHY?” AS THE FOUNDATION FOR KNOWLEDGE OF CAUSES IN ARISTOTLE
Autorzy:
Gondek, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
Aristotle
cause
the question “why”
reality
Opis:
According to Aristotle, philosophical knowledge consists in the discovery of the first causes that occur in reality. For this reason, the quantitative and essential analysis of the causes was the fundamental task for philosophical reflections. Aristotle considered it a priority to show the ways the causes are discerned in the aspect of questions that occur in the cognitive process. The question “why” is the question that Aristotle regarded as fundamental for the acquisition of philosophical knowledge. The phenomenon of this question is revealed when we indicate that it corresponds to the causes that occur in reality. The causes discerned in this way become the foundation for building the method of causal knowledge.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2013, 2; 91-105
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Law and Question. The Phenomenon of Question as a Possible Point of Departure for the Phenomenologico-Genetic Theory of Law
Autorzy:
Sobota, Daniel Roland
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Adolf Reinach
phenomenology of law
question
Opis:
In his original phenomenology of law Adolf Reinach distinguishes among experiences the so-called “social acts”. These include acts directed towards other persons that require that the latter acknowledge the communicated contents and assume certain attitudes. Among these acts Reinach mentions there are promises, orders, requests and questions. He argues the promise is the special act that creates the a priori grounds of law. It is to be noted that Reinach’s phenomenology of law is of static character (in the Husserlian sense of the word) and therefore it shares all its advantages and disadvantages. In my paper I would like to draw attention to another social act, which can also be attributed to certain law-making activities, especially from the perspective of the genetic phenomenology. It is questioning. At the same time when Reinach was working on his theory of law, his Munich friend, Johannes Daubert (1877–1947), also a student of Theodor Lipps and a friend of Edmund Husserl, who together with Reinach made an “invasion of the Munichs at Göttingen”, worked on the first phenomenology of the question. Although he did not refer his research to the phenomenon of law, we can ask whether, like Reinach’s deliberations about promises and obligation, it cannot be done. That this is possible to some extent, for example, is evinced by the Hannah Arendt and Klaus Held’s phenomenology of the political world. He points out that the public world as such arises from the primordial openness of man, understood as “zoon politikon”. This openness might be interpreted as the question which is not so much a single act as it is an attitude. The purpose of the paper is to outline how, while starting with the phenomenological reflection over various types of utterances, one can specify their certain forms and the acts constituting them as well as the attitudes which allow for a priori grounding the phenomenon of law from the perspective of static and genetic phenomenology.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica; 2020, 90; 105-117
0208-6069
2450-2782
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Citizenship Question and Neobiafranism in Nigeria
Autorzy:
Okeke, Remi Chukwudi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Citizenship
Citizenship Question
Neobiafra
Neobiafranism
Nigeria
Opis:
This paper is an examination of the relationship between the citizenship question in the Nigerian state and the tendency that has been denoted as neobiafranism in the work. The study subsequently found that despite the constitutional provisions on citizenship in the Nigerian nation, the question of who is a citizen has continued to remain in empirical terms, unsatisfactorily answered. Furthermore, it was found that the tendencies that define citizenship in Nigeria are ambivalent and the predispositions that encumber the giving of serious attention to citizenship in the country consequently belong to leadership incapacities. This gives rise to the case of a state that has to remain united by compulsion. It is concluded in the paper that until the citizenship question is fully settled, the affairs of the Nigerian state will continue to oscillate between the incidences of grounded take-offs and only-hopeful landings.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 60; 26-30
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Query responses
Autorzy:
Łupkowski, P.
Ginzburg, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
question
query responses
corpus study
KoS
Opis:
In this article we consider the phenomenon of answering a query with a query. Although such answers are common, no large-scale, corpusbased characterization exists, with the exception of clarification requests. After briefly reviewing different theoretical approaches on this subject, we present a corpus study of query responses in the British National Corpus and develop a taxonomy for query responses. We identify a variety of response categories that have not been formalized in previous dialogue work, particularly those relevant to adversarial interaction. We show that different response categories have significantly different rates of subsequent answer provision. We provide a formal analysis of the response categories within the framework of KoS.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2016, 4, 2; 245-292
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the Stimulation Test Administered Before and After the First Relevant Chart of the Control Question Test
Autorzy:
Matte, James Allan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/523185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
stimulation test
polygraph examination
control question test
Źródło:
European Polygraph; 2012, 6, 3(21); 193-203
1898-5238
2380-0550
Pojawia się w:
European Polygraph
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dlaczego jest mnóstwo rzeczy raczej niż prawie nic? – „słabe pytanie Leibniza”
Why is there a lot of things rather than almost nothing? – weak Leibniz’s question
Autorzy:
Lamża, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy of nature
Leibniz’s question
cosmology
Opis:
The original Leibniz’s question „Why is there something rather than nothing?” is rephrased in a „weak” way: „Why is there a lot of things rather than almost nothing?”. The first part of the article argues for two propositions: 1) We may not reasonably expect a real answer to the original Leibniz’s question, mostly because the concept of „nothingness” cannot be defined in a way that makes sense and is operational. 2) The „weak” version of the question retains the philosophical „spirit” of the original. In the second part a methodology for answering the weak Leibniz’s question is presented - one of an analysis of the cosmic evolution in terms of the reasons and causes for the emergence of new types of natural objects and processes („things”). A representation the structure of the Universe is presented that is based on a list of ca. 900 names of things derived from the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) catalogue, representing all natural sciences. Further analyses concern the properties of the Universe and its evolution that cause new things to emerge all the time - although one may imagine and precisely describe a scenario where new things stopped appearing shortly after the Big Bang and now there is almost nothing in the Universe.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2014, 55; 91-127
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testament Leonarda Bernsteina – The Unanswered Question w świetle zagadnień dyrygenckich
Leonard Bernstein’s Testament — The Unanswered Question in the Light of Conducting Issues
Autorzy:
Bielak, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2188952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Koło Naukowe Studentów Muzykologii UJ
Tematy:
Leonard Bernstein
The Unanswered Question
conducting
linguistics
Opis:
In 1973, Leonard Bernstein gave a series of six lectures at Harvard University, entitled The Unanswered Question: Six talks at Harvard. This interdisciplinary course, drawing on Noam Chomsky's theory of transformational-generative grammar, presented an original conception of music as a universal language based on tonality and outlined the history of its development, concluding with Bernstein’s personal credo regarding its future. The argumentation used, although encompassing fields as diverse as linguistics, literary studies, philosophy and art history, was based primarily on musical analyses presented at the piano, supplemented by recordings of the symphonic works being discussed, performed under the baton of Bernstein himself. The Harvard lectures thus represent the summa of his aesthetic reflections and performance experiences, providing a unique insight into his views on music and its interpretation. This paper focuses on synthesising these views, subjecting them to factual verification, and then showing their influence on Bernstein's art of conducting through the example of the recordings used in The Unanswered Question series, focusing in particular on the issue of expression.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Młodych Muzykologów UJ; 2022, 1(52); 23-40
2956-4107
2353-7094
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Młodych Muzykologów UJ
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alternatywna trasa postkolonializmu: Max Weber o sprawie polskiej
Autorzy:
Marta, Bucholc,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/897510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Weber
post-colonialism
Polish question
systemic transformation
Opis:
The article analyses Max Weber’s position regarding the so-called Polish question from the point of view of post-colonial theory. The author discusses the circumstances of Weber’s scientific interest in the Polish question and offers an interpretation of his statements in this regard. Then, she moves on to explore the relationship between this early inspiration and the subsequent development of Weber’s comparative historical sociology, whereupon follows an outline of its post-colonial criticism. The article concludes with a suggestion of applying the author’s approach to studying the post-communist transformation and transitological debates in Poland.
Źródło:
Przegląd Humanistyczny; 2017, 61(3(458)); 21-37
0033-2194
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Humanistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Aromanian-Romanian national movement (1859-1905): an analytical model
Autorzy:
Creţulescu, Vladimir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909917.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-11-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Macedonian question
nationalizing nationalism
national minority nationalism
Opis:
At the turn of the 20th century, Macedonia was a region still controlled by the waning Ottoman Empire, though intensely coveted by the neighbouring Balkan states, which deployed national propaganda movements in Macedonia, in preparation for future territorial annexations. It is this author’s contention that the “Macedonian question” thus engendered gives rise to several overlapping triadic configurations of interlocking, interacting and mutually monitoring nationalisms, as per the analytical model put forth by Rogers Brubaker. Working on this premise, and after adjusting Brubaker’s model to account for the specific relational settings of the Macedonian question, this author proceeds to draft a case study of a specific triadic configuration, among several operating in fin-de-siècle Macedonia: namely, the one arisen out of the mutual monitoring and interaction of a Romanian nationalizing nationalism, a Greek nationalizing nationalism, and two Aromanian (or Vlach) minority nationalisms.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2015, 22, 1; 99-121
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dopuszczalność składania interpelacji i zapytań poselskich, których przedmiotem jest funkcjonowanie Rady Mediów Narodowych
Admissibility of submitting interpellations and Deputies’ questions concerning the functioning of the National Media Council
Autorzy:
Chybalski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
interpellation
Deputy’s question
National Media Council
Opis:
The Author states that the National Media Council cannot be an addressee of an interpellation or a Deputy’s question. As a rule, admissibility of submitting interpellations and Deputy’s questions, whose subject matter would be the functioning of the Council, is exclued. In addition a particular practical situation, when a member of the Council of Ministers undertakes activities related to the functioning of the NMC, was discussed.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2017, 4(56); 56-59
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
L’Italia per la ricostituzione della Polonia: un referendum del 1915
Italy for the Reconstruction of Poland: Referendum From 1915
Włochy Za Rekonstrukcją Polski: Referendum Z 1915
Autorzy:
Ciccarini, Marina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Polska
Italy
First World War
Polish question
Referendum
Opis:
The paper analyses the book L’Italia per la ricostituzione della Polonia, published in Rome in 1916 by the magazine L’Eloquenza. It contains both the results of the referendum and an extensive selection of articles published in that period in Italian newspapers and magazines about the complex social and political situation in Poland. The book represents an important evidence of the viewpoint of the Italian intelligentsia about the “Polish question”, as seen in the light of the political situation in Europe in the difficult years of the First World War.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny; 2016, 2; 195-203
0023-5911
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emile Durkheim and the Polish Question
Autorzy:
Sułek, Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929986.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-01-02
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Emile Durkheim
the Polish question
early opinion surveys
Opis:
In 1899 and 1907, Polish patriotic circles contacted well-known European and American intellectuals and politicians, asking them to express themselves on the subject of independence for Poland, which was then divided between Russia, Prussia and Austria. Emile Durkheim responded to both requests. The present article comments on these mostly unknown texts by Durkheim. The replies sent by Ferdinand Tönnies, Vilfredo Pareto and other scholars in the social sciences are also briefly discussed.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2013, 180, 4; 561-568
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pytanie a poznanie w początkach filozofii
Query and Knowledge in the Beginnings of Philosophy
Frage und Erkenntnis in den Anfängen der Philosophie
Autorzy:
Krokos, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
metafilozofia
pytanie
filozofia starożytna
metaphilosophy
question
antique philosophy
Opis:
Dieser Artikel skizziert die Bedeutung der Fragestellung in der Erkenntnis, wie sie sich in den Anfänger der griechischen Philosophie darstellt: bei den drei Milesiern (Thales, Anaximander und Anaximenes), in den sokratischen und platonischen Dialogen sowie bei Aristoteles. Die griechische Philosophie war von Anfang an mit der Fragestellung an sich verbunden. Die erste philosophische Frage war die Frage nach dem ἀρχή. Sie diente der Entmythologisierung und hatte Erkenntnischarakter. Die Bedeutung der Frage nach dem ἀρχή wurde unterschieden je nach Bedeutung des Terminus ἀρχή. Jedoch unabhängig von diesen Unterschieden zielte die Frage auf die Klärung der ganzen Wirklichkeit ab, und diese Klärung mußte außerhalb der Fakten, dem Verstande nach, gesucht werden. Während wir es bei den Milesiern mit dem “Faktum“ der Fragestellung zu tun haben, wurde die Frage bei Sokrates und später bei Plato deutlich in die Methode, zur Fragestellung zu gelangen, eingebaut. Die Dialektik, jenes “Spiel“ von Frage und Antwort, war bei Sokrates und später bei Plato eine Konfrontation zwischen der einen und der anderen Seele und diente zunächst der gemeinsamen Wahrheitsfindung, der das Verhalten folgt. Im Bereich der Elenktik spielte die Frage eine therapeutische, dagegen im Bereich der Maieutik eine stimulierende Rolle. Die sokratische Dialektik betraf nicht die materielle Wirklichkeit, sondern des menschliche Vorstellungsvermögen von der Wirklichkeit und führte zu neuem Wissen, das rein intellektuell war. Gemäß der Lehre Platos war die Frage ein Mittel, um zu dem vorzudringen, was intelligibel ist, d.h. zur Idee. Erkenntnis wurde zur Erinnerung, zur Anamnese, und der Impuls für die Erinnerung an die Idee war unter anderem die Frage. Den Beginn der Theorie der Frage finden wir schon in den Logikschriften des Aristoteles. Er tat dies im Kontext des Syllogismus und der Theorie der Lehre. Die Frage betrachtete er als Baumaterial für jegliche Diskussion. Er unterschied vier Arten von Fragen, je nachdem, wonach wir fragen, sowie vier Arten von Fragen, je nachdem, welches Wissen wir erreichen, das sich auf das Wissen von ὅτι und διότι zurückführen läßt. Voraussetzung für jede dieser Fragestellungen ist das fehlende Wissen. Aristoteles bringt in das Phänomen der Bedeutung von Fragen im Erkenntnisablauf einige neue Elemente ein: er zeigt die logische Ordnung der Fragestellung auf; das Stellen von Fragen siedelt er im Bereich praktischer Fähigkeiten an, die der Wissensaneignung dienen, und er weist darauf hin, daß von der Art der Fragestellung der inhaltliche Gehalt der Antwort sowie die Art des erlangten Wissens abhängen.
This article outlines the importance of asking questions in learning as it is presented in the beginnings of Greek philosophy: with the three Milesians (Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes), in the Socratic and Platonic dialogues as well as in Aristotle. From the beginning, Greek philosophy was connected with asking questions to  itself. The first philosophical question was the question about the ἀρχή. It served to demythologize and had an epistemological character. The meaning of the question about the ἀρχή was differentiated according to the meaning of the term ἀρχή. However, regardless of these differences, the question aimed to clarify the whole reality had to be sought outside of the facts, according to understanding. While with the Milesians we are dealing with the “fact” of asking questions with Socrates and later with Plato the question was clearly incorporated into the method of arriving at questions. The dialectic, that "game" of question and answer, was with Socrates and later with Plato a confrontation between one and another soul and initially served to find the truth together. In the field of elenctics the question played a therapeutic role, but in the field of maieutics it played a stimulating role. The Socratic dialectic did not concern material reality, but the human imagination of reality and led to new knowledge that was purely intellectual. According to Plato's teaching, the question was a means of getting to what is intelligible, i.e., to the idea. Knowledge became memory, anamnesis, and the impulse for remembering the idea was, among other things, the question. We find the beginning of the theory of the question in Aristotle's writings on logic. He did this in the context of the syllogism and the theory of doctrine. He saw the question as building material for any discussion. He distinguished four types of questions depending on what we ask for, and four types of questions depending on what knowledge we achieve, which can be traced back to the knowledge of ὅτι and διότι. The prerequisite for each of these questions is the lack of knowledge. Aristotle brings some new elements into the phenomenon of the meaning of questions in the course of knowledge: he shows the logical order of the question. He places asking questions in the domain of practical skills that serve the acquisition of knowledge, and he points out that the content of the answer and the kind of knowledge gained depend on the type of question asked.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2002, 50, 1; 361-382
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Польське питання і слов’янська проблема у зовнішньополітичних планах Адама Чарторийського
Kwestia polska i problem słowiański w planach zewnątrzpolitycznych Adama Czartoryskiego
Autorzy:
Павлюк, Віктор
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Tematy:
foreign policy,
diplomacy,
coalition,
Polish question,
Slavic problem
Opis:
The article deals with theoretical views and practical steps of the prominent Polish politician Adam Czartoryski on Polish question and problem of the Slavic peoples during his service in the diplomatic office of the Russian Empire. It is proved that Adam Czartoryski made comprehensive drafts of changes in international relations as opposed to the policy of Napoleon Bonaparte. The Prince was an adversary of the Napoleon’s political system and political structure which had been imposed to Europe by the French Emperor. The projects of A. Czartoryski raised many questions and looked forward; they were directed at limiting and reducing the influence of France and created conditions that prevented from reorganising the Europe’s political structure for the convenience of the one state. A. Czartoryski developed comprehensive plans for a Federal Europe in 1802-1805. In contrast to the Napoleonic politics, he sought to build an international policy based upon international law, rational and moral principles which would have guaranteed a lasting peace, security and justice to all the nations and peoples. Prince wanted freedom and independence for his people. Nonetheless, as the representative of the Foreign Ministry of the Russian Empire, he failed to embody the plan either in practical action, or clearly explicit in his political projects. The famous «Puławy Plan» provided for annexation of Polish lands from Prussia to Russia as part of the Empire without any possibilities of establishing an independent state.
Źródło:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2014, 4; 255-262
2312-8933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Perhaps you remember…?” About students’ strategies of remembering the forgotten during secondary school final examination interviews
Autorzy:
Tabisz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/615162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
question
semantic memory
secondary school final examination interview
Opis:
The basic question I pose in this paper is the following: What language strategies are used by students who find it difficult to reproduce the content required during a secondary school final examination interviews? The text consists of four main parts. In the first part, on the basis of legal acts, I describe the formula of the new secondary school final examination in Polish, taking into account its purpose and course. In the second part, I focus my attention on one part of the oral exam – the final examinationinterview– seeing it as a species functioning in the educational discourse. The third part contains the results of the analysis of the questions asked to the students during the secondary school final examination interviews. In the last part of the paper, I describe two attitudes adopted by students in a situation when their knowledge is insufficient to be able to fully answer the questions asked. The first positive attitude is expressed through an uncertainty strategy or a ‘loud thinking’ strategy that supports recollection. On the other hand, the second attitude – negative – characterises those students who are unable to recreate knowledge and who, breaking the overriding principle of cooperation, resign from taking part in the conversation by refusing, i.e. by sending a message informing about breaking contact, or by silence. Finally, I postulate that during the examination, more often open questions should be asked, triggering higher level thinking, seeing this as an opportunity to bring the final exam closer to ‘real communication,’ serving as information and giving the student the opportunity both to demonstrate knowledge and, more importantly, the right to express their own judgments, reflections and views on the issues raised. Perhaps then they would not have to use strategies masking his ignorance.
Źródło:
Stylistyka; 2019, 28; 409-427
1230-2287
2545-1669
Pojawia się w:
Stylistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Scientific Ideals and Political Engagement: Polish Ethnology and the ‘Ethnic Question’ Between the Wars
Autorzy:
Linkiewicz, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
ethnology
expertise
ethnic question
knowledge
objectivity
Eastern Galicia
Opis:
The article brings to light the relationship between politics and social sciences in interwar Poland in its local and transnational dimensions. It explores the beginnings of expertise in ethnology and the evolution of the discipline’s tools and methods as closely linked to the political goals of the interwar Polish state, and the post-coup Sanacja [Sanation] regime in particular. Ethnologists carried out fieldwork focused on multiethnic territories, such as Eastern Galicia, which were subjected to international territorial disputes. The collaboration with politicians and the administration – developed mostly in the framework of research institutes – was a source of inspiration and, at the same time, stiff competition between scientific schools. To illustrate some consequences of this collaboration, the article traces an argument over scientific approaches to the ‘ethnic question’ which involved ethnologists and empirical sociologists, and the connection of this argument to the objectivity principle in science. These different approaches reflect international theoretical and epistemological divisions at the time as much as they show the direct and indirect exchange of ideas within the European scholarship.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2016, 114
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE MINSK AGREEMENTS OF 2015: A FORCED STEP OR A SMALL ACHIEVEMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN SIDE WITHIN THE DIPLOMATIC CONFRONTATION AROUND THE WAR IN THE DONBAS
Autorzy:
Hurak, Ihor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
"Package of Measures”
“Ukrainian question”
Normandy format
Donbas
Opis:
The article describes the formats in which the “Ukrainian question” has been discussed in various forums in the last year and defines various reasons why meetings within the format of the “Normandy Quartet” was the most effective. The Ukrainian national interest considered, it analyzes the preferences and shortcomings of the Package of Measures for the Implementation of the Minsk Agreements and the Declaration by the President of the Russian Federation, the President of Ukraine, the President of the French Republic and the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in support of the Package of Measures for the Implementation of the Minsk Agreements adopted on February 12, 2015.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2015, 1 (7)
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Samozapytywanie jako pielęgnowanie mądrości. O pięciu pożytkach płynących z uprawiania „Dociekań filozoficznych z dziećmi”
Autorzy:
Dominika, Depta-Marel,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/891996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
philosophy for children
question
wisdom
critical thinking
progress
Opis:
In her text the author analyses what philosophising with children is. She tries to ponder the question whether it is possible and in what way one could assess progress in the philosophising of students. Taking as a starting point Matthew Lipman’s definition that critical thinking (in this context – philosophical thinking) “requires criteria, is self-correcting and sensitive to context”, she decides to claim that the ability to ask questions is the best test for this kind of thinking. A pedagogical experiment has been conducted in which two groups (a P4C group and a control group) have to write which of the questions that they have asked themselves have changed anything in their lives. It turned out that the PC4 students had questions coming from themselves (as opposed to external situations). These questions were abstract, existential in character, difficult to solve (as opposed to closed-ended questions); they ‘worked’ in the student longer and deeper (as opposed to a quick answer, lack of struggling); they changed the way of thinking of the students (as opposed to changing a particular decision); they remained unresolved (as opposed to finding a quick answer).
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2015, 60(2 (236)); 305-317
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Samozapytywanie jako pielęgnowanie mądrości. O pięciu pożytkach płynących z uprawiania „Dociekań filozoficznych z dziećmi”
Autorzy:
Depta-Marel, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
philosophy for children
question
wisdom
critical thinking
progress
Opis:
In her text the author analyses what philosophising with children is. She tries to ponder the question whether it is possible and in what way one could assess progress in the philosophising of students. Taking as a starting point Matthew Lipman’s definition that critical thinking (in this context – philosophical thinking) “requires criteria, is self-correcting and sensitive to context”, she decides to claim that the ability to ask questions is the best test for this kind of thinking. A pedagogical experiment has been conducted in which two groups (a P4C group and a control group) have to write which of the questions that they have asked themselves have changed anything in their lives. It turned out that the PC4 students had questions coming from themselves (as opposed to external situations). These questions were abstract, existential in character, difficult to solve (as opposed to closed-ended questions); they ‘worked’ in the student longer and deeper (as opposed to a quick answer, lack of struggling); they changed the way of thinking of the students (as opposed to changing a particular decision); they remained unresolved (as opposed to finding a quick answer).
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2015, 60(2 (236)); 305-317
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Feigned Ignorance of Judas. Rhetorical Question from the Category interrogatio/ἐρώτημα in Matt 26:25
Autorzy:
Grochowski, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158364.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-21
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Judas
betrayal
misleading
pretense
rhetorical question
interrogatio/ἐρώτημα
Opis:
The article analyzes the utterance made by Judas in the Cenacle (1) in the context of his efforts to hand Jesus over to the chief priests (Matt 26:14–25). The fact that his question (Matt 26:25) includes the particle μήτι which assumes a negative response from the interlocutor (1–2) suggests that the disciple was unaware that he was betraying Jesus. Consequently, there is no shortage of positive opinions about Judas, expressed both in the past and today. Matthew’s narrative, however, says something different in this regard. The research problem is therefore seeking an answer to the question: how to interpret Judas’ words? The referenced various biblical translations (3.1) and claims of exegetes (3.2) quote the words of the apostles (Matt 26:22,25) and explain them in an ambiguous manner. The attempts to solve the problem shown in sections 2 and 3.1–2 do not provide a satisfactory conclusion. In the last section (4), the grammatical rules and narrative logic – which are clearly in contradiction – are supplemented with a rhetorical perspective, which leads to a definitive resolution of the dilemma. The synchronic approach applied to the pericope Matt 26:14–25 allows one to draw the conclusion that in Judas’ utterance one should identify a rhetorical question from the category interrogatio/ἐρώτημα whose function in Matt 26:25 is auferendae dissimulationis (“misleading pretense”). Many exegetes have decrypted Judas’ dishonest conduct, but it is only this article that precisely defines this rhetorical phenomenon.
Źródło:
Verbum Vitae; 2022, 40, 4; 1035-1054
1644-8561
2451-280X
Pojawia się w:
Verbum Vitae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social Virtues in Taking Care of the Image of Others
Autorzy:
Cataño, Rafael Jiménez
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Care Philosophy
Politeness
Social Virtues
Affability
Vulnerability question
Opis:
The Philosophy of Care finds in human life a sort of calling to take care of each other. This vocation for every human being is based on the vulnerability that belongs to the human condition. Among ordinary dimensions of vulnerability/care (such as eating, resting, learning, transporting, nurturing), one that is very ordinary and even broader is that of image. Theory of Politeness deals with this image care, responding to its vulnerabilities.Care is a central reality of human relationality, which requires a process of practical learning. Virtues are the concrete reality of the growth of the person. Pertinent for image care are the virtues related to truth, those related to dependence and autonomy, and the traditionally-called social virtues. After a long evolution of the latter from classical thought to the Middle Ages, it remains a system of virtues that illuminates the current way to perceive the image, its care, and the rights and duties related to image. The current propensity to safeguard goods through laws is transforming the type of “debt” that corresponds to virtues like truthfulness, liberality and affability, earlier acknowledged as being not very coercive. Leaving aside possible political proposals, this phenomenon draws attention to the deep humanity of such fields, where people sometimes presume a responsibility that presses the conscience more than duties endorsed by laws. The vocation to care transforms everybody into a caregiver, with the widest sphere in the case of the image.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2018, 7; 79-87
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O socjologii i logice. Paradoksy implikacji w badaniu ankietowym
On sociology and logic. Paradoxes of material implication in the survey research
Autorzy:
Weseliński, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-02-17
Wydawca:
Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej
Tematy:
socjologia
badania ankietowe
błąd wielu pytań w jednym
paradoks implikacji
logika
sociology
surveys
complex question
double-barreled question
material implication
logic
Opis:
Badanie postaw członków społeczeństwa za pomocą ankiety wymaga stawiania jasnych i jednoznacznych pytań. Ten warunek jednak nie zawsze jest spełniony, co uniemożliwia prawidłową interpretację wyników. W badaniach ankietowych Ireneusza Krzemińskiego znalazły się pytania dotyczące mordu w Jedwabnem, na które co trzeci ankietowany nie potrafił jednoznacznie odpowiedzieć. Badacze interpretują ten wynik jako rezultat nieznajomości faktów („prawdy o Jedwabnem”). Autor przekonuje, że jest to raczej kwestia źle sformułowanych pytań. Analizuje szczególny przypadek tzw. błędu wielu pytań w jednym – stwierdzenie o postaci implikacji (okresu warunkowego), z którym nie sposób się jednoznacznie zgodzić albo nie zgodzić, a zgadzając się albo nie zgadzając, można mieć na myśli zupełnie różne rzeczy. Zamiast ubolewać nad moralną i umysłową kondycją Polaków, należałoby najpierw lepiej sformułować pytania i ponownie zinterpretować wyniki ankiety – tak brzmi główna konkluzja artykułu.
Examining the attitudes of members of society by means of a survey requires asking clear and unambiguous questions. This condition, however, is not always met, which prevents the correct interpretation of the results. Ireneusz Krzemiński’s surveys included questions about the murder in Jedwabne, which every third respondent could not answer unambiguously. Researchers interpret this result as a result of ignorance of the facts (“the truth about Jedwabne”). The author argues that this is rather a matter of poorly formulated questions. He analyzes a special case of so-called the error of many questions in one (complex question, double-barreled question) – a statement about the form of implication (conditional), with which it is impossible to explicitly disagree or disagree, and by agreeing or disagreeing you can mean completely different things. Instead of regretting the moral and mental condition of Poles, it would be better to first formulate questions properly and interpret the results of the survey again – that is the main conclusion of the article.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Obronność Socjologia; 2019, 11/12; 103-122
2450-8489
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Obronność Socjologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Likelihood Ratio in Evidential Evaluation of Polygraph Examination
Autorzy:
Konieczny, Jerzy
Wolańska-Nowak, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
argumentation
comparison question techniques
evidential reasoning
generalisations
evidential weight
Opis:
The starting point of the paper is the observation that the likelihood ratio (LR) is not used in the evaluation practice of — so important in the field of internal security — polygraph examinations. Meanwhile, LR is the only scientifically justifiable parameter that shows the evidential weight of particular evidence. The authors present theoretical attempts to use LR for evidential assessment of the polygraph examinations value and subject them to criticism. The main objective of the paper is to present the LR calculation procedure in the context of interpretation of a polygraph examination result treated as evaluative expertise. The following assumptions are made: the analysis includes only comparison question techniques; examination results enable to include a relevant subject only in one of the three categories: deception indicated, no deception indicated, inconclusive; there are various ways to assign LR; in the course of LR assignment, the arbitrary adoption of the values of some variables is admissible. Several examples of LR calculations are presented in different tactical configurations of polygraph examinations. The significance of including the inconclusive results in the examination technique characteristics is analysed. The possibility of applying the cumulative LR is indicated, however, leaving this question open. Consequences of the LR application in the interpretation of polygraph examinations are also presented as an argument in the criminal analysis. Conclusions show that treating polygraph examinations as evaluative expertise opens a new perspective on this method of forensic identification and deserves to be continued; however, the issue of the evidential use of polygraph examination results, in the light of the evaluation made with the use of the Bayesian approach, requires a number of further discussions among lawyers and scientists.
Źródło:
Internal Security; 2019, 11(1); 95-112
2080-5268
Pojawia się w:
Internal Security
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura pytań
The Structure of Questions
Autorzy:
Jonkisz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909476.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
structure of questions
generalized negation
application of question schemata
Opis:
By drawing on the results presented in (Jonkisz 2019), this paper formulates a general schema of questions. The schema is then applied to specific kinds of questions (with examples). The paper defines some auxiliary concepts, including a broader notion of negation, which are then employed in the analysis of the structure of questions. The accuracy of the proposed schemata has been checked in the case of some examples regarded in the literature as difficult to analyze and classify.
Źródło:
Filozofia Nauki; 2020, 28, 1; 25-60
1230-6894
2657-5868
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mickiewicz i inni Polacy we wspomnieniach rosyjskich memuarystek XIX wieku
Mickiewicz and other Poles through the eyes of the nineteenth century Russian women memoirists
Autorzy:
Ambroziak, Daria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/482468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
nineteenth century memoirism
Mickiewicz
Polish question
woman
literary relationships
Opis:
The nineteenth century Russian women memoirism presents a valuable source of information concerning Polish-Russian literary relationships. A. Kern and A. Panaeva’s memoirs justify that A. Mickiewicz was a well-known and appreciated poet in Russia and his works were perceived by Russian literary elites as a symbol of struggle for national liberation. Russian publishers and editors of literary magazines played a crucial role in the popularization of Mickiewicz’s literary output. His poems, translated into Russian by Z. Sierakowski or W. Szczastny, often appeared in Russian literary magazines. Russian Decembrist writers (P. Annenkova and M. Volkonska) in their memoirs written in the Siberian exile presented in the most favourable light Poles (S. Leparski and M. Rukiewicz) who were also exiled to Siberia. But, on the other hand, in T. Bulharin’s memoirs, whose controversial activity was condemned by Russian intellectual elites, as well as in A. Smirnova’s opinion, which represented the official line of the Russian aristocracy, we find negative images of Poles and the “Polish question”.
Źródło:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica; 2014, 1, XIX; 17-26
1427-549X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Corpus-based Study on Question Tags in ELF. An Attempt to Determine an Emergent Construction
Autorzy:
Dorota, Watkowska,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
English as a lingua franca
construction grammar
question tags
Opis:
Recent research on English as a Lingua Franca (henceforth ELF) has indicated that ELF can be analyzed in accordance with the main principles of the Construction Grammar approach (Pirc 2013). Admittedly, while the majority of studies have been devoted to its creative and unpredictable character, little attention has been paid to how ELF can be conceptualized if its emergent elements are treated as constructions. Thus, the present paper conducts a corpus- based study on the Question Tag Construction (henceforth the QTxC) in ELF with a view to indicating in what way the QTxC can be determined. With the support of the VOICE and BNC corpora, the performed analysis has shown that the analyzed realizations of the QTxC in ELF, while having formal properties that deviate from the norms of English, can also be characterized as exhibiting various sub-types of the prototypical function of the QTxC.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2020, 29/2; 135-150
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PRZEGLĄD UCHWAŁ IZBY KARNEJ SĄDU NAJWYŻSZEGO W ZAKRESIE POSTĘPOWANIA KARNEGO I POSTĘPOWANIA W SPRAWACH O WYKROCZENIA ZA 2014 R.
REVIEW OF THE RESOLUTIONS OF THE CRIMINAL CHAMBER OF THE SUPREME COURT ON CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ISSUED IN 2014
Autorzy:
A. Stefański, Ryszard A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1393237.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-03-31
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
: ruling
juridical question
Supreme Court
appeal court
resolution
question of law
postanowienie
pytanie prawne
Sąd Najwyższy
sąd odwoławczy
uchwała
zagadnienie prawne
Opis:
The article analyses resolutions and rulings of the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court issued with regard to questions of law in the field of criminal procedure law. The article discusses the following issues: parties’ participation in court sessions (Article 339 § 5 of the CPC), participation of an unauthorised person in decision making (Article 439 § 1 point 1 of the CPC), types of appeal court’s decisions (Article 437 § 1 of the CPC), juridical questions (Article 441 of the CPC), re-opening of a trial resulting from a ruling of the European Court of Human Rights (Article 540 § 3 of the CPC), court bench composition at a trial to render a cumulative judgement (Article 573 PRZEGLĄD UCHWAŁ IZBY KARNEJ SĄDU NAJWYŻSZEGO… 167 Ius Novum 1/2016 § 1 of the CPC), temporary arrest of a person wanted for the purposes of prosecution under the EAW (Article 607 § 3 of the CPC), costs of services provided electronically (Article 619 § 1 of the CPC), costs of defence counsel ex officio (§ 19 point 2 of the ordinance of the Minister of Justice of 28 September 2002 on costs of attorneys’ services and costs of free of charge legal assistance ex officio that are incurred by the State Treasury), appeals against decisions changing penalty (Article 50 item 1 and 2 of the Act of 27 September 2013 amending the Criminal Procedure Code and some other laws), municipal police powers to act as public prosecution in petty offences cases (Article 17 § 3 of the Code of Procedure in Petty Offences) and questions of law (Article 60 § 1 and 2 of the Act on the Supreme Court).
Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza uchwał i postanowień Izby Karnej Sądu Najwyższego wydawanych w związku z przedstawianymi zagadnieniami prawnymi w zakresie prawa karnego procesowego. Zostały omówione takie kwestie jak: udział stron w posiedzeniu sądu (art. 339 § 5 k.p.k.), udział osoby nieuprawnionej w wydaniu orzeczenia (art. 439 §1 pkt 1 k.p.k.), rodzaje orzeczeń sądu odwoławczego (art. 437 § 1 k.p.k.), pytania prawne (art.441 k.p.k.), wznowienie postępowania z powodu rozstrzygnięcia Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka (art. 540 § 3 k.p.k.), skład sądu na rozprawie w przedmiocie wydania wyroku łącznego (art. 573 § 1 k.p.k.), tymczasowe aresztowanie osoby ściganej ENA (art. 607k § 3 k.p.k.), koszty usługi świadczonej drogą elektroniczną (art. 619 § 1 k.p.k.), koszty obrony z urzędu (§ 19 pkt 2 rozporządzenia Ministra Sprawiedliwości z dnia 28 września 2002 r. w sprawie opłat za czynności adwokackie oraz ponoszenia przez Skarb Państwa kosztów nieopłaconej pomocy prawnej udzielonej z urzędu), zażalenia na postanowienia o zamianie kary (art. 50 ust. 1 i 2 ustawy z dnia 27 września 2013 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks postępowania karnego oraz niektórych innych ustaw), uprawnienia straży gminnej do występowania w charakterze oskarżyciela publicznego w sprawach o wykroczenia (art. 17 § 3 k.p.w.), pytania abstrakcyjne (art. 60 § 1 i 2 ustawa o Sądzie Najwyższym).
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2016, 10, 1; 132-167
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Democracy, its collapse and the Jewish question. Comparing Hannah Arendt’s and Zygmunt Bauman’s philosophies
Autorzy:
Harabin, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647739.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
democracy
Jewish question
public sphere
Hannah Arendt
Zygmunt Bauman
Opis:
The aim of the article is to present Hannah Arendt’s and Zygmunt Bauman’s theories of democracy and the Jewish question. The paper consists of three sections. In the first one, there are explained the main concepts of their conceptions of democracy. The second one investigates what the collapse of democracy means for both authors. The third one compares Arendt’s and Bauman’s opinions on the Jewish question. The conclusions explain the main differences and similarities between the researched theories.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2015, 22, 1
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Genesis of Ethnically Motivated Control in Russia: Keeping Watch on the Poles in the Nineteenth Century
Autorzy:
Grigor’eva, Kseniya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-24
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
population policy
ethnically motivated control
Russian Empire
Polish question
Opis:
This paper reviews the genesis of ethnically motivated control in the nineteenth-century Russian Empire. We determined that people of Polish descent were the main target of the earliest examples of the practice of such types of control. “Watching the Poles” differed from classic police surveillance and was closer to more modern intelligence practices: an entire category of population, rather than specific individuals, were being controlled. The practice was not passive either; it involved the Imperial government’s active intrusion into the private lives of people of Polish descent. This allows us to view the Empire’s attitude toward Poles as an early example of population policy and control over the Poles as one of the tools of executing this policy in practice.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2020, 210, 2; 199-218
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Figury retoryczne pytań w pierwszej części Męki Pańskiej w Ewangelii św. Jana (J 18,1 – 27)
Rhetorical question figures of speech in the first part of the Passion Narrative in the gospel according to St. John (18,1 – 27)
Autorzy:
Grochowski, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2154335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12
Wydawca:
Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
Tematy:
Passion Narratives
St. John Gospel
rhetoric
rhetorical question
erotema
pysma
Opis:
There is a general agreement among the exegetes that the language of the Fourth Gospel is very simple. But surprising is the accusation against St. John regarding his knowledge of the rhetoric: „John did not know many of the rhetorical techniques described by Aristotle, Cicero, and other later rhetoricians” (Ellis).The purpose of this article is to challenge this opinion by presentation of the rhetorical questions, present in the first part of the Passion Narrative according to St. John. As it turns out, each one of nine questions encountered during the reading of Jn 18,1–27 represents a concrete rhetoric question (usually of the category interrogatio/ἐρώτημα, but twice also of the category quaesitum/πύσμα) and each one of them performs a definite function in the text. Therefore, in spite of the simplicity of St. John’s narration, the Evangelist displays quite great literary craftsmanship and demonstrates a very good knowledge of the classical rhetoric andthe ability of its application.
Źródło:
Studia Elbląskie; 2014, 15; 301-311
1507-9058
Pojawia się w:
Studia Elbląskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pedagogika i „pytanie o sens życia”
Pedagogy and “the Question of the Sense of Life”
Autorzy:
Reut, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2183530.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej
Tematy:
pedagogika
pytanie
hermeneutyka
literatura
sztuka
pedagogy
question
art
literature
hermeneutics
Opis:
W artykule zawarto polemikę z takim myśleniem o pedagogice, które – z jednej strony – oczekuje od tej dyscypliny odpowiedzi na pytania o sens ludzkiego życia i pożądany, projektowany obraz świata, a z drugiej – w sytuacji rozczarowania, braku tak określonych odpowiedzi – mówi o słabości i rezygnacji pedagogiki z jej zobowiązania. Autor tekstu, będącego punktem wyjścia do prowadzonej w tym artykule polemiki, proponuje hermeneutyczny namysł nad otwartością pytań, a także zwraca się ku sztuce (literaturze) jako inspiracji pedagogicznej. Dlatego w opracowaniu podjęto zagadnienie interpretacji myśli hermeneutycznej, dotyczącej wątków literackich, etycznych, pedagogicznych.
The article contains a polemic with such thinking about pedagogy, which – on the one hand – expects from this discipline answers to questions about the meaning of human life and the desired, projected image of the world, and on the other hand – in a situation of disappointment, lack of such defined answers, speaks about weakness and resignation of pedagogy from its obligation. The author of the text, which the starting point for the polemics conducted in this article, proposes a hermeneutical reflection on the openness of questions, and also turns to art (literature) as a pedagogical inspiration. Therefore, the paper deals with the issue of interpretation of hermeneutical thought, concerning literary, ethical and pedagogical motifs.
Źródło:
Teraźniejszość – Człowiek – Edukacja; 2018, 21, Specjalny; 17-28
1505-8808
2450-3428
Pojawia się w:
Teraźniejszość – Człowiek – Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
10 lat negocjacji akcesyjnych Turcji z Unią Europejską. Analiza postępów w obszarze kryteriów politycznych na podstawie raportów Komisji Europejskiej
Ten years of accession negotiations between Turkey and the European Union. The analysis of provisions as regards the political criteria on the basis of reports by the European Commission
Autorzy:
Osiewicz, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/625321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Turkey
accession negotiations
the Cyprus question
EU enlargement
European Commission
Opis:
October 2015 marked the tenth anniversary of the official onset of the accession negotiations between Turkey and the European Union. The outcome of the talks, however, has so far been more than modest. The negotiations have encompassed fourteen out of 35 fields, leading to the closure, albeit only preliminary, of only one field. Croatia started negotiations in the same year and has been EU member state for two years now. In the Turkish case, the end of the talks is nowhere to be seen, and the more time goes by the less likely it seems for Turkey to become a legitimate participant of a European integration process. The EU Commission continues to present a number of reservations as concerns the progress of Turkey on its path to accession. The aim of this paper is to attempt to find an answer to the question whether the catalogue of reservations brought up by the EU Commission in terms of the political criteria to be met by Turkey has changed after the nine years of negotiations. By this token it will become possible to determine the progress Turkey has made as concerns those political criteria, both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Źródło:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej; 2015, 9; 199-213
1899-6256
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od Kompendium Katechizmu Kościoła katolickiego do YOUCAT. Uwagi o modelach pytań katechizmowych
From Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church to YOUCAT. Comments on catechism question models
Autorzy:
Czarnecka, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/911280.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-11-26
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
religious language
catechism
question
popularization
język religijny
katechizm
pytanie
popularyzacja
Opis:
Jednym z założeń, towarzyszących ogłoszonemu w 1992 roku Katechizmowi Kościoła katolickiego, jest powstanie opracowań doktrynalnych przeznaczonych dla zawężonego kręgu odbiorców. Przykładem publikacji o charakterze popularyzatorskim są m.in. Kompendium Katechizmu Kościoła katolickiego (wyd. 2005) oraz YOUCAT. Katechizm Kościoła katolickiego dla młodych (wyd. 2011, wierny przekład z języka niemieckiego). Pozycje te łączy powrót do tradycyjnej kompozycji katechizmowej, opartej na blokach składających się z pytania i odpowiedzi (z formy tej zrezygnowano w Katechizmie Kościoła katolickiego). Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza pytań, zastosowanych na kartach YOUCAT, obejmująca 3 aspekty: (1) status pytań katechizmowych, (2) ich typologię oraz (3) wybrane cechy charakterystyczne, takie jak obecność presupozycji, zróżnicowanie relacji nadawczo-odbiorczych oraz niejednorodność stylistyczna. Autorka wysuwa wnioski dotyczące służebnej, dydaktycznej i perswazyjnej funkcji form dialogowych, kwalifikuje pytania katechizmowe jako pozorne i opisuje ich językową specyfikę, sprowadzającą się do korzystania z kilku schematycznych rozwiązań.
A common feature of the researched publications: Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church (2005) and YOUCAT. Youth Catechism of the Catholic Church (2011), being a form of popularization of Catechism of the Catholic Church (1992), is a return to the traditional catechism composition based on blocks consisting of questions and answers. The purpose of the article is to analyze the questions used on YOUCAT pages. The analysis covers three aspects: 1. the status of catechism questions, 2. their typology, and 3. selected characteristics, such as the presence of presupposition, diversification of originator-recipient relations, and stylistic heterogeneity. The author draws conclusions regarding the servile, didactic and persuasive function of dialogue forms, qualifies catechism questions as only seeming questions and describes their linguistic specificity, boiling down to the use of several schematic solutions.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Spotkania Językoznawcze; 2017, 33
2082-9825
2450-0259
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Spotkania Językoznawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Retoryka pytań w dyskursie sądowym
The rhetoric of questions in judicial discourse
Autorzy:
Tecław, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/954362.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Italianistyki. Polskie Towarzystwo Retoryczne
Tematy:
retoryka
perswazja
przesłuchanie
świadek
pytanie
rhetoric
persuasion
examination
witness
question
Opis:
Artykuł podejmuje temat retoryki pytań w toku przesłuchiwania świadków na sali sądowej w kontekście polskiego prawodawstwa i praktyki postępowania sądowego. W szczególności przedmiotem analizy jest zastosowanie zabiegów retorycznych, za pomocą których pytania mają mieć walor perswazyjny, a nie tylko informacyjny. Takie pytania ze strony przesłuchującego mają np. zasugerować treści, które potwierdzałyby jego tezę.
This study investigates the issue of lawyers’ rhetorical proficiency, which is revealed in a situation of examination of witnesses and defendants in a Polish model of lawsuit. At this stage of trial the hybridity of rhetoric can be observed and it discloses in a specifi c technique of posing questions that aim to persuade while they pretend to inform. The discussed method of examination is performed to elicit evidence in support of facts which will satisfy a required element of a party's claim or defense.
Źródło:
Res Rhetorica; 2015, 2, 3; 2-15
2392-3113
Pojawia się w:
Res Rhetorica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An English neural network that learns texts, finds hidden knowledge, and answers questions
Autorzy:
Ke, Y.
Hagiwara, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi. Polskie Towarzystwo Sieci Neuronowych
Tematy:
natural language processing
neural network
question answering
natural language understanding
Opis:
In this paper, a novel neural network is proposed, which can automatically learn and recall contents from texts, and answer questions about the contents in either a large corpus or a short piece of text. The proposed neural network combines parse trees, semantic networks, and inference models. It contains layers corresponding to sentences, clauses, phrases, words and synonym sets. The neurons in the phrase-layer and the word-layer are labeled with their part-of-speeches and their semantic roles. The proposed neural network is automatically organized to represent the contents in a given text. Its carefully designed structure and algorithms make it able to take advantage of the labels and neurons of synonym sets to build the relationship between the sentences about similar things. The experiments show that the proposed neural network with the labels and the synonym sets has the better performance than the others that do not have the labels or the synonym sets while the other parts and the algorithms are the same. The proposed neural network also shows its ability to tolerate noise, to answer factoid questions, and to solve single-choice questions in an exercise book for non-native English learners in the experiments.
Źródło:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research; 2017, 7, 4; 229-242
2083-2567
2449-6499
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sprawa polska w sejmach Prus i Rzeszy Niemieckiej w 1918 r.
The Polish question in the parliaments of Prussia and the German Reich in 1918
Autorzy:
Nodzyński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185339.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Historyczny
Tematy:
1918
members of parliament (deputies)
the Polish question
Landtag
Reichstag
Opis:
The article presents the discussions and voting of the titular representative bodies on the Polish issue in 1918. Analysis of transcripts of speeches and parliamentary discussions as well as their summaries and press debates showed that the issue of rebuilding the Polish state was considered by the parliaments of Prussia and the Reich in autumn of 1918 to have been decided, while issues that remained open included the degree of independence afforded to Poland, its attitude towards Germany and the shape of the Polish-German border. Both parliamentary forums provided politicians with an opportunity to present a broad, diversified spectrum of views on the Polish question.
Źródło:
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka; 2018, 73, 1; 53-76
0037-7511
2658-2082
Pojawia się w:
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sytuacja mniejszości boszniackiej w Sandżaku – wyzwania i problemy
Autorzy:
Mikucka-Wójtowicz, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678213.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Bosniaks
Bosniacs
Sandzak
minority rights
representation of minority
minority question
Opis:
The situation of the Bosniak minority in Sandzak – challenges and problemsAccording to the Population Census 2002, Bosniaks (as Bosnian Muslims have usually been called since 1993), constitute the second largest ethnic minority group in Serbia (136,000 people). They mostly inhabit the south-western end of the country, unofficially named Sandzak. The article focuses on the basic problems relating to how the Bosniak minority is functioning in this area. First of all, these issues include strong political and religious divisions (often sustained, and even inspired, by the central authorities), as well as, the dangers, as yet infrequent, resulting from the activity of organizations representing radical Islamic sects (the so-called Wahabis). An important part of the article is devoted to the issue of the lack of respect for the legally guaranteed cultural rights of the Bosniaks and the politicizing of problems under consideration, both by local elites, and by the central authorities. The author also briefly discusses the origin of the ethnonym Bosniak and the arguments concerning the name of the region inhabited by this minority.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2013, 42
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kwestia agrarna w niepodległej Rzeczypospolitej – aspekt ekonomiczny
The economic aspect of the agrarian question of the independent Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Zegar, Józef Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/549070.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
kwestia agrarna
podaż
praca
dochody
agrarian question
supply
labour
economic issue
Opis:
Kwestia agrarna, wniesiona na forum dyskursu społecznego pod koniec XIX wieku, to wielce złożony problem teoretyczny o rozległych skutkach praktycznych, powodowanych przez różne sposoby jej rozwiązywania. Kwestia ta odnosi się do przekształcenia społeczno-ekonomicznej formacji agrarnej w formację przemysłową. W tej pierwszej dominowały tradycyjne gospodarstwa chłopskie, natomiast w tej drugiej kolejno gospodarstwa farmerskie, przedsiębiorstwa rolne i korporacje rolno-przemysłowe. Kluczową rolę w tej transformacji odgrywał kapitał napędzany przez imperatyw ciągłej akumulacji – maksymalizacji zysku. Osobliwość rozwiązywania kwestii agrarnej polegała na zaprzęgnięciu chłopów do owego przekształcenia i to w interesie kapitału a nie dobra chłopów. Polska odzyskując niepodległość odziedziczyła jednocześnie nabrzmiałą kwestię agrarną, objawiającą się dominacją drobnych i nisko produktywnych gospodarstw chłopskich, które dysponowały ogromnymi niewykorzystywanymi zasobami pracy a jednocześnie borykały się z niedostatecznymi dla egzystencji dochodami. Obok gospodarstw chłopskich funkcjonowały gospodarstwa ziemiańskie – także nisko produktywne – i nieliczne przedsiębiorstwa rolne. W międzywojniu kwestia agrarna nie znalazła rozwiązania. W okresie PRL podjęta próba rozwiązania kwestii agrarnej na drodze uspołecznienia nie powiodła się, natomiast ogólny rozwój społeczno- gospodarczy umożliwił „zdjęcie” nadwyżek siły roboczej z rolnictwa oraz wzrost produktywności rolnictwa. Transformacja ustrojowa lat 90. uchyliła bariery doktrynalne i instytucjonalne transformacji rolnictwa rodzinnego, natomiast warunki ekonomiczne powstały dopiero po akcesji Polski do Unii Europejskiej i objęciu rolnictwa mechanizmami wspólnej polityki rolnej.
The agrarian question, brought to the forum of social discourse at the end of the 19th century, is a very complex theoretical problem with extensive practical effects, caused by the different ways of its solving. This question refers to the transformation of the socio-economic agrarian formation into the industrial one. In the former, traditional peasant farms dominated, while in the latter, farmers’ farm, agricultural enterprises and agro-industrial corporations were dominant. Capital driven by the imperative of continuous accumulation (profit maximizing) played a key role in this transformation. The singularity of agrarian issues consisted in peasants involving to this transformation towards capital interest. With independece regained, Poland inherited the pressing agrarian question, as was manifested by the domination of small and low-productive peasant farms which had huge unused labour resources and struggled with inadequate subsistence incomes. Alongside peasant farms there existed squirearchy farms – also low-productive – and few agricultural companies. In the interwar period, the agrarian question was not solved. During the period of the Polish People’s Republic, an attempt at collectivization to solve the agrarian question failed, while the overall socio-economic development enabled the reduction of labour force surplus in agriculture and agriculture productivity increase. The political transformation in the 1990s lifted the doctrinal and institutional barriers of family farming transformation, while new economic conditions were created only after Poland’s accession to the European Union together with the Polish agriculture being involved in the common agricultural policy mechanisms.
Źródło:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2019, 59; 83-94
1898-5084
2658-0780
Pojawia się w:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-50 z 171

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