Temat: internal combustion - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Microemulsion as a means of NOx reduction in exhaust emission of diesel engines
Autorzy:: Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247510.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
engine emissions
internal combustion engine fuels
microemulsions
Opis:: Currently produced internal combustion engines used in transportation, must meet very stringent legislative requirements EURO VI, for the limited emissions of exhaust gases: CO, HC, NOx, PM, PN. One of the most toxic components and the most difficult to eliminate are nitrogen oxides NOx, which currently permissible amount in the exhaust gases shall be 80 mg/km. This result must be achieved, moreover, with the fulfilment of the limits for other exhaust components, and above all, the contents of particulate matter (PM, PN). It should be pointed out, that the mechanisms of the NOx and PM formation are opposed to each other; reduction of the NOx amount is generally associated with an increase in PM and vice versa. Therefore, issues of lowering the amount of NOx in the exhaust gases devote a lot of scientific work and engine research. Currently the most effective method of reducing the NOx is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which requires the additional installation of sophisticated equipment in the vehicle. Therefore, methods easier to implement and to operate are sought. One such method is the use of a microemulsion to supply as fuel to diesel engines, consisting of an emulsion of diesel oil, water and surfactant (surface-active compound). The use of the microemulsion results in that already in combustion chamber forms less of NOx, and therefore reduction of NOx in the exhaust system is easier. The publication presents results of SB 3.1 engine research on the engine test bench. The research was comparative in nature and thus, in the first stage of research conducted, the engine was fuelled with diesel oil, then the area of engine load and engine speed characteristics, in which the NOx emissions are greatest, was determined, and next, when engine was fuelled with various microemulsions, the engine investigation was conducted in this area. The microemulsions of diesel fuel and water comprise 10%, 20% and 30% water, selectively. The results of investigations show that, when the engine is fuelled with microemulsions, both NOx and PM, as the main component of diesel engine exhaust - soot (smoke) can be reduced at the same time. The article also discusses the differences between emulsions and microemulsions, and how they influence the combustion in the engine combustion chambers.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 225-232
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Anomalies in combustion of hydrogen in a SI engine modified to work as a supercharged one
Autorzy:: Szwaja, S.
Cupiał, K.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246823.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion
hydrogen
internal combustion engine
supercharging
Opis:: The paper describes combustion anomalies of various types randomly or permanently occurring while hydrogen is burnt in a supercharged spark ignited reciprocating engine. The anomalies were mainly identified as result of combustion pressure data analysis. Originally, the engine was a compression ignition one fuelled with diesel fuel. Modifications done on the engine dealt with decrease in its geometric compression ratio and equipping it with a spark plug located in diesel fuel injector position. The anomalies presented in the paper are typically associated with several abnormal phenomena as follows: flame propagation into intake manifold called back-fire, hydrogen spontaneous ignition by hot surface, flame propagation during valves overlap and extinguishing spark discharge flame kernel by high turbulence around a spark plug. These anomalies were observed in the supercharged engine, however, some of them were also detected while the engine was operated as a freely aspirated one. As investigated, some of these malfunctions would have been removed by change in engine operating parameters. Others need major changes in both exhaust pipeline geometry, hydrogen injection system, engine cylinder geometry and valve timing.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 437-442
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Development of the aircraft power plants - challenges
Autorzy:: Szczeciński, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242001.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
combustion engines
internal combustion aircraft engine
Opis:: On the background of a current level of the aircraft power plants modernities presented here is the trial settlement of the possible directions of their further development - resultant from the current and future economic, military, sports needs. The general direction of development of all types of aeronautical propulsion systems, and also of these produced a long time ago and exploited for many years, is their permanent " upgrade" in the new equipment and of methodic of the current technical state checking for the purpose of the indispensable flights safety assurance, the prolongation of the failure-free exploitation time - but also the maintenance of the economic concurrency requirements. Recently, a categorical form receives the requirement of the noise limitation of aviation power plants and the limitation for emission of toxic elements in exhaust. In the piston engines, the direction of developments are aimed on the design of compression ignition engines, fuelled with standardized aircraft jet fuel. Their additional valour is their smaller fuel expenditure, about 30% less with respect to their spark ignition equivalents. Particularly important is the task of decrease the quantities of fuel used up, the limitation of number of produced engines through raising their efficiency and durability, limitation of noisiness of engines alone and driven: propellers, ventilators and the lifting rotors of helicopters, the limitation of thrust, required to the flight of the airplanes and the helicopters. One turned attention on ecological requirements, which force the application of mineral fuels completed by biofuels.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 545-555
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Interpretacja poznawcza metody Monte Carlo w zastosowaniach technicznych
The cognitive interpretation of the Monte Carlo method for the technical applications
Autorzy:: Chłopek, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301693.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:: metoda Monte Carlo
silnik spalinowy
test
Monte Carlo method
internal combustion engines
internal combustion engine tests
Opis:: W pracy przedstawiono poglądy na temat poznawczej interpretacji metody Monte Carlo. We wstępie zamieszczono informacje na temat zastosowania doświadczeń przypadkowych do poznania rzeczywistości od Starożytności do czasów współczesnych. Główna teza pracy dotyczy zastosowania metody Monte Carlo do poznawania przyczynowych i przypadkowych właściwości doświadczanej rzeczywistości. Przedstawiono przykład wykorzystania metody Monte Carlo w symulacji testu dynamicznego do badania silników spalinowych testem statycznym.
The paper presents views on the cognitive interpretation of the Monte Carlo method. The introduction contains information on the application of a random occurencies to get to know the reality, starting from antiquity till the present day. The main argument of the paper concerns the use of the Monte Carlo method to learn the causal and random properties of the reality being experienced. The examples have been presented of the use of the Monte Carlo method in the dynamic test simulation to examine internal combustion engines with the static test.
Źródło:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2009, 3; 38-46
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Metoda diagnozowania silników spalinowych w warunkach trakcyjnych
Method for diagnosing internal combustion engines under traction conditions
Autorzy:: Kupicz, W.
Niziński, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348353.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
diagnozowanie silników spalinowych
metody diagnostyczne
internal combustion engines
diagnosing internal combustion engines
diagnostic methods
Opis:: W pracy przedstawiono nową metodę diagnozowania silnika spalinowego o ZS w warunkach trakcyjnych. Istota polega na wyznaczeniu momentu obrotowego silnika na podstawie rejestracji przyspieszenia w warunkach drogowych. Omówiono wyniki obszernych wstępnych i zasadniczych badań eksperymentalnych. Opracowano trzy warianty modelu diagnostycznego silnika spalinowego, z wykorzystaniem trójwartościowej oceny stanów. Zaproponowano algorytmy kontroli stanu i lokalizacji uszkodzeń silnika. Zweryfikowano nową metodę w warunkach trakcyjnych. Prawdopodobieństwo poprawnej diagnozy silnika spalinowego wynosi 0,85 ÷ 1.
The paper presents a new method for diagnosing an internal combustion engine with compression ignition under traction conditions. The gist lies in determining the engine torque on the basis of acceleration recording in traffic conditions. The results of extensive preliminary and basic experimental studies have been discussed. Three options have been developed of the internal combustion engine diagnostic model, using the trivalent assessment of states. State control and engine damage localization algorithms have been proposed. The new method has been examined under traction conditions. The probability of the internal combustion engine correct diagnosis ranges between 0.85÷1.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2011, 1; 155-167
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Statistical approach to characterize combustion knock in the hydrogen fuelled SI engine
Autorzy:: Naber, J. D
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246456.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
combustion knock
hydrogen
statistical distribution
Opis:: Combustion knock in a hydrogen fuelled engine has many different characteristic as compared to knock occurring in the gasoline engine. This is a result of differences in the gasoline and hydrogen combustion mechanisms which lead to knock. Hydrogen as the engine fuel is able to produce combustion knock of significant intensity. This intensity can be determined by measurements, which have been successfully applied for examining knock generated by the gasoline fuelled engine. This paper describes the engine test bed, in-cylinder pressure traces and methods for determining knock intensity. Further, the statistical approach for characterizing combustion knock is also presented. It concentrates on applications of several probability distributions for expressing individual knock intensity metrics of hydrogen port fuelled spark ignited engine. It is assumed that knock metrics for engine working cycles are considered as random variables. The knock metrics are based on the fluctuation component of the in-cylinder pressure traces sampled at 100 khz and are calculated for 300 consecutive engine working cycles. It was noticed that the knock metrics distribution profile changes as the knock intensity varies from light to heavy knock. In the paper, modelling of this knock distribution profile using several known stochastic distributions is also presented. Finally, usefulness of statistical distributions for characterizing combustion knock is shown.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 443-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Applications of NRTC Cycle to Determine a Different Fuel Consumption and Harmful Emissions Caused by Changes of Engines Technical Conditions
Autorzy:: Hromádko, J.
Hönig, V.
Miler, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301864.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
fuel consumption
harmful emissions
Opis:: The main topic of the paper is to determine different fuel consumption and harmful emissions caused by engine's changes of technical conditions. The change of technical condition of combustion engine at any working point of engine proves different change of fuel consumption and production of harmful emissions. Therefore it is necessary to compare two technical conditions to determine the same engine load. For this purpose the special simulation programme of engine load in Non-Road Transient Cycle (NRTC) was created.
Źródło:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2008, 4; 63-65
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The Fourier transform as a new approach of evaluating the internal combustion engine indicator diagram
Autorzy:: Łoza, Ł.
Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244677.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: indicator diagram
Fourier transform
internal combustion engine
Opis:: In this paper, the authors present an introduction to the new method of evaluating the indicator diagram of internal combustion engine. For several years, it was observed that analyses of combustion processes have been hardly changed since they were conducted for the first time. At the moment, the diagrams are plotted more and more precisely owing to the new sensors and digital processors. Despite all of these high technical advantages, which were obviously unavailable in the past, theoretical approach for describing indicator diagram has not changed in significant way. Nowadays, the indicator diagrams are still evaluated very generally and are presented in much too idealistic way as a smooth curve of pressure changes, without any disturbances, which are being detected very easily now. Furthermore, it appears that performance improvements of the IC engines are in need of developing new methods for analysis and evaluation. The Fourier transform is a new way to look at the combustion process in the engines. It is basically a mathematical instrument for analysing different types of signals, which are transformed, from time domain into frequency domain. It enables identifying specific sinusoidal components of arbitrary signals and separates relevant ones from the noise. This allows one to see significant differences in two or more apparently similar signals and detect the crucial parts. If we treat pressure changes in time like a common signal, we can compute Fourier transform and see basic components of the diagram.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 173-180
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostics of turbocharged marine internal combustion engines. Part II Dynamic measurements
Autorzy:: Korczewski, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258840.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: diagnostic
internal combustion engine
exhaust gas temperature
Opis:: The second part of the article describes the technology of marine engine diagnostics making use of dynamic measurements of the exhaust gas temperature. Little-known achievements of Prof. S. Rutkowski of the Naval College in Gdynia (now: Polish Naval Academy) in this area are presented. A novel approach is proposed which consists in the use of the measured exhaust gas temperature dynamics for qualitative and quantitative assessment of the enthalpy flux of successive pressure pulses of the exhaust gas supplying the marine engine turbocompressor. General design assumptions are presented for the measuring and diagnostic system which makes use of a sheathed thermocouple installed in the engine exhaust gas manifold. The corrected thermal inertia of the thermocouple enables to reproduce a real timehistory of exhaust gas temperature changes.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2016, 1; 68-76
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostics of turbocharged marine internal combustion engines Part I standard measurements
Autorzy:: Korczewski, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259776.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: diagnostic
internal combustion engine
exhaust gas temperature
Opis:: The article discusses the problem of diagnostic informativeness of exhaust gas temperature measurements in turbocharged marine internal combustion engines. Theoretical principles of the process of exhaust gas flow in turbocharger inlet channels are analysed in its dynamic and energetic aspects. Diagnostic parameters are defined which enable to formulate general evaluation of technical condition of the engine based on standard online measurements of the exhaust gas temperature. A proposal is made to extend the parametric methods of diagnosing workspaces in turbocharged marine engines by analysing time-histories of enthalpy changes of the exhaust gas flowing to the turbocompressor turbine. Such a time-history can be worked out based on dynamic measurements of the exhaust gas temperature, performed using a specially designed sheathed thermocouple. The first part of the article discusses possibilities to perform diagnostic inference about technical condition of a marine engine with pulse turbocharging system based on standard measurements of exhaust gas temperature in characteristic control cross-sections of its thermal and flow system. Selected metrological issues of online exhaust gas temperature measurements in those engines are discusses in detail, with special attention being focused on the observed disturbances and thermodynamic interpretation of the recorded measuring signal. Diagnostic informativeness of the exhaust gas temperature measurements performed in steady-state conditions of engine operation is analysed in the context of possible evaluations of technical condition of the engine workspaces, the injection system, and the fuel delivery process.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2015, 1; 47-54
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Study of combustion chamber with a rotating detonation
Autorzy:: Łukasik, B.
Rowiński, A.
Irzycki, A.
Snopkiewicz, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246882.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
turbine engines
combustion chamber
rotating detonation
Opis:: Institute of Aviation in Warsaw realizes the project concerning the application of the phenomenon of combustion with rotating detonation to the combustion chamber designed and destined for turbine engines. The test chamber is adapted for supplying both with liquid (aviation kerosene) and gaseous fuels in the form of mixture with compressed air. It is equipped with a probe for pressure and temperature measurements inside the flame tube as well as at its inlet and outlet sections. The measuring system allows measurement of physical phenomenon at low (1 kHz) and high (1 MHz) frequencies. Electric signals representing temperature and pressure sensor's measuring quantities, fuel and compressed air supply systems parameters and ignition-triggering values are collected using data acquisition system controlled by a computer. The prototype of the combustion chamber was examined at the especially designed test facility to determine at quasi-static operating conditions its following characteristics: speed of inside shock wave, exhaust gas thermodynamic parameters and ignition and going-out limits of gaseous fuel. In this article construction of test bench, schematic diagrams of measurement and power supply systems as well as the research process, the way of measurement data analysis recorded during the carried-out experiments and data validation manner are detailed described. The method of measurement data processing, the resulting graphs, and the conclusions of the study are presented as well.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 313-320
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Testing of initiation of rotating detonation process in hydrogen - air mixtures
Autorzy:: Balicki, W.
Irzycki, A.
Łukasik, B.
Snopkiewicz, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247318.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
turbine engines
combustion chamber
rotating detonation
Opis:: The paper presents results of some research work done in the project, which aims to apply of an innovative combustion chamber to the turbine engine. Expected benefits of using of a new chamber in which classical deflagration type combustion process would be replaced with a detonation combustion type, arise from greater efficiency of FickettJacobs cycle, which corresponds to rotating detonation combustion, in comparison to "classical" Brayton cycle, characteristic of deflagration combustion. The presented task concerned fundamental research carried out on test bench designed and built at the Institute of Aviation in Warsaw. To initiate the detonation combustion in the fuel-air mixtures the ignition device of appropriately high energy is necessary. The released energy should be directed to the area where the mixture has proper constitution - preferably close to stoichiometric one. Four different ignition manners were examined in the course of research: electrical ignition system adapted from turbine engine (semiconductor spark plug), powder charge ignition (handgun cartridges), detonation primer ignition using pentryt, and high voltage discharge (plasma jet). The appearance of detonation type combustion was identified on the basis of combustion gas pressure run, measured using piezoelectric sensors at a frequency of 1 MHz.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 25-34
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Utilisation of the Coherence Analysis in Acoustic Diagnostics of Internal Combustion Engines
Autorzy:: Dąbrowski, Z.
Dziurdź, J.
Górnicka, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176779.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: acoustic diagnostics
internal combustion engines
mechanical defects
Opis:: The leading thought of the present text is that the internal combustion engine noise – regardless of all possible inconveniences – is a good information carrier that allows for the explicit diagnostics of such subtle defect as the valve face decrement which is so small that it is in practice ‘unnoticeable’ by the standard diagnostic-controlling system of a passenger car. However, such defect at its further propagation can be much more dangerous. Thus, diagnosing its initial state is worth trying. This study is a continuation of investigations where efforts were undertaken to perform the efficient diagnostics on the bases of observations and analyses of mechanical vibrations of the engine head.
Źródło:: Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 3; 475-481
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: The stress analysis of high loaded diesel engine piston
Autorzy:: Cupiał, K.
Sobiepański, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247526.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: pistons
internal combustion engines
numerical analysis
stresses
Opis:: Modern diesel engines reach high power out put per volume unit. This is the main reason, why modern passenger cars and other medium size vehicles are powered by those engines. It is very important to keep reliability, characteristic for past generations of diesel engines. It is a difficult task, because of higher thermal loading of engine parts, especially pistons. Typical fuel injection systems are now, almost all, high pressure, common-rail systems. Modern common-rail injectors are situated centrally between valves, and are manufactured as minimum six nozzle injectors. Combustion chamber is made in piston crown. This is the highest thermal loaded part of whole engine. Injected fuel starts to burn when piston is near to TDC position. Flame acts piston surfaces, what can be proven by inspection of piston with help of endoscope, or after removing engine head. The thermal load of piston crown is not uniform, due to not uniform conditions of heat transfer at piston crown surface. Part of piston crown reaches higher temperature due to direct flame acting. Authors present results of numerical simulations, which were done to check how stresses in piston depend on injector position and temperature distribution in piston materiał. The results of calculations indicate, that injector should not to be situated randomly. If nozzles of injector are situated in such way, that burningfuel sprays acts piston in the piston pin plane, stresses in hub of piston pin and piston crown increase significantly. That can decrease reliability of engine due to piston failure. Authors indicate, that thermal load is the most dangerous for piston of modern, common-rail diesel engines. Load caused by mass forces and pressure are less important when temperature of some regions of piston is above 320°C.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 109-116
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Comparing the resistance to motion of pistons coated with a layer of nanotubes with standard pistons
Autorzy:: Iskra, A.
Babiak, M.
Kałużny, J.
Giersig, M.
Kempa, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247841.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: friction in internal combustion engine
nanotubes layers
Opis:: The paper presents preliminary results of testing the resistance to motion of pistons coated with a layer of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A significant part of this paper was devoted to the problems of putting a layer of nanotubes on the surface of an aluminum alloy. Obtaining a layer of nanotubes of a very narrow margin of tolerance was a difficult technological problem to overcome. A standard process of growing a layer of nanotubes leads to a corrosion damage of the side surface of pistons; therefore, new technologies were developed allowing for obtaining a permanent layer of nanotubes less than 5 microns thick. Pistons whose side surfaces were coated with a layer of nanotubes were mounted to an engine with an external drive, and then measurements of the moment of momentary resistance to motion were performed, which enables capturing these phases of the engine work cycles in which the layer of nanotubes gives the best results. At present, long-term research is being carried out in order to determine the degree of the risk of exfoliation of the layer of nanotubes under the conditions of large mechanical and thermal loads. The special nanotechnology method cold nanosphere lithography has been invested to control the structural properties sand growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The preliminary analysis of dismantled pistons revealed that nanotubes layers were partially worn off at the peaks of micro roughness but in the valleys, the nanotubes accurately adhered to the piston lateral surface.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 227-233
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:: Mathematical model phases of fuel injection in the spark -ignition engine with direct fuel injection during work on the heterogeneous mixture
Autorzy:: Sendyka, B.
Cygnar, M.
Janisz, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243627.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
internal combustion engine
fuel injection system
Opis:: The paper presents the methods and results of calculation of time necessary for transmission of a jet of stratified charge from the injector to the gap between the electrodes of the ignition plug, which is the basis for determination of the advance angle of fuel injection in relation to the advance angle of ignition. This time is the sum of duration of four phases of load jet way and is calculated basing upon a number of empiric formulae taken from recent publications. Constructors of gasoline engines are faced with higher and higher requirements as regards ecological problems and increase in engine efficiency at a simultaneous decrease in fuel consumption. Satisfaction of these requirements is possible due to recognition of the phenomena occurring inside the engine cylinder, choice of suitable optimal parameters of the fuel injection process, and determination of geometrical shapes of the combustion chamber and piston head. Increase of engine efficiency is connected, first of all, with the changes in fuel supply, it means a proper regulation of fuel - air mixture in dependence on the rotational speed and load; hence, combustion of stratified mixtures in a gasoline engines with direct fuel injection is essential for increase in efficiency with a simultaneous decrease in emission of toxic components of exhaust gases and fuel consumption. Such a kind of supply systems show that, apart from combustion of very lean mixtures a gasoline engine with direct fuel injection possesses many other advantages, i.e.: fuel consumption comparable with other engines with self - induced ignition, greater power than in other spark ignition engines with multi - point fuel injection. The results of the performed analysis were given in two-dimensional diagrams.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 465-470
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:: Analysis of the engine fuels impact on carbon dioxide emissions
Autorzy:: Worsztynowicz, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247066.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
combustion
engine fuels
emission
carbon dioxide
Opis:: The article addresses the topic of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere as the result of the hydrocarbon fuels combustion in the combustion engines. Widespread use of individual means of transportation, where the combustion engines function as the basic propulsion source, has caused that they are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere. Therefore, it has been subjected to some restrictions, similar to those applied towards toxic elements contained with exhaust. One of the most effective ways of restriction of carbon dioxide emission is to decrease fuel consumption. In addition, an important item is the implementation of fuels with less potential to create carbon dioxide as a result of their combustion. The article presents the results of comparative measurements conducted on the engine test stand in terms of prepared load characteristics for a spark ignition engine powered by gasoline as well as by natural gas. On the basis of these measurements the article provides the analysis of the impact of fuel composition and combustible mixture on carbon dioxide content in the exhaust gases. In the next stage of analysis, the criterion for the comparison was the value of carbon dioxide emission with reference to 1 kg of fuel resulting from the measurements and theoretical calculations of fuel combustion. The results of measurements and calculations were shown in forms of graphs. The measurements on a test stand were conducted for the engine of the older generation, whose design corresponds to the motors located in a large number of currently used vehicles. This allows a preliminary estimation of the carbon dioxide emissions coming from means of transport.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 571-575
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:: Heat release characteristics in combustion chamber of CI engine
Autorzy:: Jankowski, A.
Lagowski, P.
Slezak, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244001.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
diesel engines
combustion processes
heat release
Opis:: On the basis of the internal heat balance of CI engine with direct fuel injection, the quantity of heat transported during the combustion process from the combustion zone was determined. The real indicator diagrams are the bases for determination of the heat release Characteristics during the combustion process and making up of the internal heat balance. These diagrams were worked out for the engine fuelled with diesel oil for three sets of the injection timing and for work of the engine according to the full load engine Characteristics, and the load Characteristics taken at the engine speedb for the maximum engine torque. Tests with the three different injection timing were carried out. Tests with the load characteristics of the compression-igniting engine for five values of the power were carried out. The pressure in the cylinder of the engine during combustion process was recorded by means of liąuid cooled a piezo-electric quartz sensor with a load amplifier. Characteristics of heat release depended on the composition, temperature and the mol quantity of the working charge in the cylinder during the combustion process. Characteristics of the heat release were determined with the use of the novel calculation program. The program was worked out by authors at the assumption that the process of complete combustion was finished at the moment of the opening of the engine exhaust valve. For purpose of simplification calculation of the quantity of heat lost into the cooling system, the radiation, dissociation and incomplete combustion, were assumed to change during the combustion process in a linear way.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 155-164
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:: Internal combustion micro-chambers and micro-engines
Autorzy:: Kraszewska, H.
Rusin, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244746.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
microengine
shaft less engine
combustion chamber
Opis:: Technological progress caused miniaturization of internal-combustion engines. They found application in many areas. The acquaintance of the ignition and combustion processes in the small volumes, the solution of the problem of piston movement under the influence of a pulse combustion in chambers, the choice of materials and problems related with the mixtures and exhaust creation, all these issues require a exact acquaintance for the purpose of optimization of the micro engine performance. In the paper, some issues are talked over on the base of investigations performed on the small volume chambers in single compression machines and in the shaftless two-cycle engine. Researched was the influence of the micro chamber size and of the area/volume ratio value on the processes of combustion occurring in the very small volumes and with the large values of area/volume ratio. Together with raise of the area/volume ratio, the value of the combustion pressure impulse becomes lower. The influence of the chamber material type on the combustion processes was defined, both in the single compression machine as in the micro engine. The existence of micro chamber size influence on the combustion limits of the fuel/air mixtures was designated. It has been determined that the range of the combustion limit is decreased with diminishing of the combustion chamber diameter, at the same time these changes are not the function of the area/volume ratio value changes. The maximum values of the combustion pressure appeared when chamber was supplied with stoichiometric mixture, irrespective of the chamber dimensions.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 283-288
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:: Wykorzystanie metod wibroakustycznych w diagnostyce silników spalinowych
Application of vibroacoustics methods for ic engine diagnostics
Autorzy:: Madej, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197376.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
diagnostyka silników spalinowych
metoda wibroakustyczna
internal combustion engine
internal combustion engine diagnostic
IC engine
vibroacoustic method
Opis:: Drgania i hałas silnika spalinowego są nośnikiem informacji o stanie jego podzespołów mechanicznych. Energia sygnału drganiowego, generowanego w układzie tłokowo-korbowym, zależy od średniej prędkości obrotowej oraz położenia kątowego wału korbowego. Uszkodzenia mechaniczne mające wpływ na ciśnienie sprężania oraz zjawisko wypadania zapłonów wywołują chwilowe zmiany prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego i chwilowej gęstości widmowej energii sygnału drgań. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu określenie wpływu symulowanych uszkodzeń na zmianę charakterystyk sygnałów drgań.
Sound and vibration signal of IC engine often give much dynamic information of mechanical system condition. The energy state of the pistons and the connecting rods is determined by the mean angular speed and the angular positions of the crankshaft. Changes in the pressure in cylinder caused by compression faults or misfire will affect directly the instantaneous angular speed of the crankshaft and vibration energy. In this paper engine faults and its influence on vibration of engine block and head is presented.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2009, 65; 45-50
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:: Dobór i kalibracja wyczynowego silnika z zapłonem iskrowym, zastosowanego w jednomiejscowym bolidzie Formula SAE
Selection and calibration of high performance spark-ignition engine, used in single-seater Formula SAE car
Autorzy:: Urbański, Bartłomiej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101691.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Energetyki. Instytut Techniki Cieplnej
Tematy:: silniki spalinowe
kalibracja silników spalinowych
samochód wyścigowy
Formula SAE
internal combustion engines
calibration of internal combustion engines
race car
Opis:: Praca dotyczy tematyki doboru, określenia zakresu modyfikacji oraz kalibracji wyczynowego silnika z zapłonem iskrowym. Zagadnienia te były jednym z etapów budowy jednomiejscowego bolidu Formula SAE, realizowanego przez SKN PolSl Racing. W ramach projektu autor, przewodząc podzespołowi układu napędowego SKN PolSl Racing, zajmował się powyższą problematyką, spośród której głównym elementem była kalibracja silnika. Wykonano ją z wykorzystaniem hamowni podwoziowej oraz monitorowaniem składu spalin. Rezultatem jest poprawnie działający silnik bolidu.
This thesis project concerns selection, specify the range of modifications and calibration of high performance spark-ignition engine. These issues were one of the stages of single-seater Formula SAE car construction, carried out by Student Research Group PolSl Racing. In this project, author, leading powertrain team of Student Research Group PolSl Racing, dealt with above mentioned issues, of which the main element was the calibration of the engine. It was made using a chassis dynamometer and monitoring the composition of the exhaust gases. The result is a properly functioning car’s engine.
Źródło:: Archiwum Instytutu Techniki Cieplnej; 2016, 2; 135-154
2451-277X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Instytutu Techniki Cieplnej
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:: Experimental research of properties of hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engines
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Smoczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245475.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: camless engine
hydraulic actuator
internal combustion engine
servovalve
Opis:: This paper describes a research stand and results of experimental research of single-acting hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engines. The research stand of the hydraulic valve drive was consisted of: typical valve drive for high-speed internal combustion engine, commercial hydraulic actuator, commercial hydraulic accumulator and electrically controlled hydraulic distributor, which controlled the flow of oil supply to the hydraulic actuator. Rexroth commercial servovalve was used as hydraulic distributor for this valve drive. Components of hydraulic valve drive were mounted to specially designed research sleeve. On this sleeve complete drive, which consisted of a hydraulic cylinder and servovalve, was mounted. Drive control was performed in an open loop with a use of rectangular control signal. Displacement of the valve was measured by an optical displacement sensor. Tests were performed for constant lift of the valve, supply pressure set in the range of 6 to 10 MPa and at fixed temperature of the working medium and different initial deflections of valve spring. The behaviour of the drive was researched for bipolar and a rectangular control signals. Such range of measurements was to determine inter alia: the impact of the supply pressure and the control signals values on the drive work. Obtained results were used to verify the simulation model in a wide range of variation of the characteristic parameters of the electro-hydraulic actuator. The results of experimental measurements like valve movement and pressures in the drive were shown and analysed in this paper. With a reference to the valve movement, a detailed calculations of the valve kinematics were performed. Special attention was given to the opening and closing velocities of the valve, depending on the servo control signal. Subsidence valve velocity during its return movement was calculated. This subsidence valve velocity is an important parameter in terms of the applicability of this drive for the internal combustion engines. Valve opening time delay in opposition to the current control signal was also specified and discussed. Obtained results allowed to conclude that the proposed drive provides acceptable kinematic parameters for high-speed engines at supply pressures of at least 8 to 10 MPa. During the measurements acceptable valve subsidence speeds were obtained. It was found that there is a possibility of adjustment of this parameter by setting the slider servovalve negative overlap. Results became the basis of development of the model of this type of the drive. Further simulation studies will allow to evaluate the applicability of such valve drive for internal combustion engines. Further simulation studies allow to compare the proposed solution with known literature hydraulic valve drives.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 351-358
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:: Model of hydraulic double-acting drive for valves of internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Smoczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246081.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
servovalve
hydraulic actuator
camless engine
Opis:: The article presents the idea and the model of electrohydraulic double-acting valve drive for internal combustion engine. In this solution to control the position of the engine valve used Rexroth's servovalve and the double-acting actuator. This drive should give free control of valve lift, valve open andvalve close time. In the article the principles of the operation and the mathematical model of the drive are described. Submitted model gives bases to the initial value definition of the main parameters of the hydraulic drive. It lets execute the analysis of the features of such drive and point necessary modifications for the correct realization of the process of the gas exchange in internal combustion engine. The first results from the simulation showed that proposed solution allows obtaining desirable run of lift of valve in the wide range of engine speed. Comparisons of valve lift proceedings driven hydraulically and mechanically by the use of harmonic cam, for two engine speeds, obtained from simulations are presented in the article. These comparisons show that at greatest engine speeds it is indispensable the use of pressures of the working liquid exceeding 10 MPa to obtain nearing results to the classical mechanical timing gear. Preliminary simulation test results indicate that it may ensure desired run of lift of valve in the wide range of engine speed
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 487-494
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:: Exhaust gas recirculation strategy in the hydrogen SI engine
Autorzy:: Szwaja, S.
Naber, J. D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243087.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
hydrogen
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
Opis:: It is known that Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) can be successfully applied not only for reducing NOx content in exhaust gases but also for reduction of combustion knock in SI engines. From this point of view, EGR can be particularly effective for knock elimination in the hydrogen reciprocating engine. Additionally with the application of EGR, the H2-air combustion can be maintained at the stoichiometric ratio enabling highly efficient NOx reduction in catalytic converters. In this paper a strategy of estimating EGR for the naturally aspirated, hydrogen fuelled engine is explained. On the basis of this strategy, the closed loop control system of the EGR was built and was implemented for the single cylinder CFR engine. There is also an outline of the test bed and several examples of in-cylinder pressure courses recorded under various EGR percentages. Next, the impact of EGR on combustion knock in the hydrogen fuelled engine is presented. Finally, conclusions concerning EGR application for hydrogen combustion in the IC engine are presented. EGR calculation and control scheme, main diagram of EGR calculation, subroutine (Sub-block) for calculating the molecular weight of EGR gases, in-cylinder pressure traces for several EGR levels during hydrogen combustion in the CFR engine, the fluctuating component of in-cylinder pressure during hydrogen combustion with several levels of EGR, peak pressure of fluctuation component of in-cylinder pressure vs. EGR percentage are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 457-464
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:: Quantumness in diagnostics of marine internal combustion engines and other ship power plant machines
Autorzy:: Girtler, Jerzy
Rudnicki, Jacek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34602291.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: diagnostics
stochastic proces
internal combustion engine
random variable
Opis:: The article provides proof that the diagnostics of marine internal combustion engines and other ship power plant machines should take into account the randomness and unpredictability of certain events, such as wear, damage, the variations of mechanical and thermal loads, etc., which take place during machine operation. In the article, the energy $ E $, like the other forms (methods) that it can be converted into (heat and work), is considered the random variable $ E_t $; at time $t$, this variable has the mean value $ \overline{E}_t $, which is the observed value of the statistic $ \overline{E}_{st} $ with an asymptotically normal distribution $ N ( E(E_t), \frac{ \sigma_t }{ \sqrt{n} } ) $, irrespective of the functional form of the random variable $E_t$. A proof is given that shows that the expected value estimated in the above way, considering the time t of the performance of task Z by a marine internal combustion engine or other ship power plant machine, can be used to determine the machine’s possible action (D_M). When compared to the required action (D_W) needed for task Z to be performed, this possible action makes it possible to formulate an operating diagnosis concerning whether the engine or machine of concern is able to perform task Z. It is assumed that an energy device of this type is able to perform a given task when the inequality D_M≥D_W holds. Otherwise, when D_M < D_W, the device cannot perform the task for which it was adopted in the design and manufacturing phase, which means that it is in the incapability state, although it still can be started and convert energy into the form of heat or work.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 4; 110-119
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:: Crank-Piston Model of Internal Combustion Engine using CAD/CAM/CAE in the MSC Adams
Autorzy:: Biały, M.
Szlachetka, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117786.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:: CAD/CAM/CAE
reverse engineering
internal combustion engine
Opis:: The article presents the modeling and simulation of the crank-piston model of internal combustion engine. The object of the research was the engine of the vehicle from the B segment. The individual elements of the gasoline engine were digitizing using the process of reverse engineering. After converting the geometry, assembling was imported to MSC Adams software. The crank-piston system was specified by boundary conditions of piston forces applied on the pistons crowns. This force was obtain from the cylinder pressure recorded during the tests, that were carried out on a chassis dynamometer. The simulation studies allowed t determine the load distribution in a dynamic state for the se-lected kinematic pairs.
Źródło:: Applied Computer Science; 2017, 13, 1; 51-60
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:: Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:: Experimental method of determining characteristics of power and torque engine for low-power unmanned aerial vehicles
Autorzy:: Jastrzębski, G.
Ułanowicz, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245545.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
internal combustion engines
motor test
motor braking
Opis:: The article presents an analytical determination of power and torque of internal combustion engines of small power. It measured actual power and torque characteristics of internal combustion engines of small power. Three types (methods), braking (receiving power via a hydraulic pump, generator and a package of propellers with variable angle of attack. For each method of receiving power (braking) determined the characteristics of torque and power. There is the summary of results for one engine with different ways of braking. There have been evaluation of the presented methods inhibit combustion piston engines of small power as methods for determining power internal combustion engines. The analysis methods presented in the perspective of the braking engine selection for light unmanned aircraft, and the use of parameters derived from research into engine control. Subject to the evaluation method of adjustment (increase) charged, increasing the load on a liquid or ankle. The criterion for comparing methods for inhibition of internal combustion engines of small power load assumed dependence on the rotational speed n, and obtain maximum power on the motor shaft when the throttle, a reflection of the actual engine operating parameters in its target applications.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 135-142
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:: Experimental verification of the model of electrohydraulic drive for internal combustion engine valves
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245587.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: camless engine
hydraulic actuator
internal combustion engine
servovalve
Opis:: The paper presents experimental electrohydraulic valve drive for internal combustion engine. The design is asingle-acting hydraulic actuator with spring return controlled by servovalve. Such solution shouldgive free control of valve lift, valve open and valve close time. In the article the principles of the operation of the drive are described. The paper focuses on exploring the dynamic of experimental electrohydraulic engine valve actuation system working in open-loop. For investigations the mathematical and simulation models were elaborated. The values of unknown coefficients of the models were intercepted on two test stands. First of them served to servovalve research. Second was built on the basis of the prototype drive and let on the research of the dynamics of the all drive. Chosen results of these investigations are placed in the article. The drive was explored for different oil supply pressures, control signals and spring mounting lifts. Experimental dates let to verified dynamic mathematical model. Comparisons of valve lift proceedings obtained from experiments and simulations are presented in the article. Verified model let to execute the analysis of the features of such drive and point necessary modifications for the correct realization of the process of the gas exchange in internal combustion engine.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 401-408
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:: Detailed modelling of the internal processes of an injector for common rail systems
Autorzy:: Zöldy, M.
Vass, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245908.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: common rail
injector
simulation
modelling
internal combustion engines
Opis:: In the last few decades exhaust emissions of road vehicles have decreased dramatically, owing to the more and more stringent emission standards issued by the legislative bodies of different countries, combined with the necessity of cleaner, better performing vehicles from society side. The introduction of Common Rail (CR) injection systems has been a great step towards achieving this target, thanks to its flexibility in fuel injection pressure, timing, and length, along variable engine load conditions. However, it is highly time and resource consuming to set up the injection system for all operating points of different engines, moreover, as the injection is a small scale, high speed process, the behaviour of the internal processes is challenging to measure. The best solution for these problems is to create a detailed model of the injector, where all the hydraulic, mechanic, and electromagnetic subsystems are represented, this way the internal working conditions can be analysed and resources can be saved. In this work, a detailed model of a first generation CR injector for commercial vehicles is presented and validated against needle lift data. The fluid dynamic and mechanic sub-systems are presented in details to thoroughly investigate the working principles of the injector internal parts. The fluid dynamic subsystem contains the chambers, holes, and throttles of the injector, while the mechanic subsystem models the motion and behaviour of the internal parts. The main features of the injector internal working conditions are described and analysed. Apart from the needle lift, these included solenoid anchor, pin and control piston lifts, the control chamber pressure and the mechanical force acting on the anchor. Five test cases were chosen on a medium duty test engine to represent a wide range of operation points from full load to idle and the simulated results were compared to the measured data. The simulated control piston movement accurately matched the measured curves in every test case.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 416-426
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:: Vert particle filter test procedure and quality standard for new and in-use diesel engines
Autorzy:: Mayer, A.
Czerwinski, J.
Kasper, M.
Leutert, G.
Heeb, N. V.
Ulrich, A.
Jaussi, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247808.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
diesel engines
ecology
filters
particulates
Opis:: A new approach is needed to test particle filters for retrofitting Diesel engines. Considering the toxicity of the particles as also the physical and chemical attributes of particle filters, the optimal scheme is to test the components themselves independent of the deployment. That scheme ensures the highest effectiveness with least effort. It also enables evaluation of worst-case situations and assesses the hazards of secondary emissions. The Swiss standard SNR 277 205, which mandates the VERT test procedure, is a first step in that direction. The solution is derived from the physics of the filter media. The filtration of fine particles essentially depends on the particle size and the space velocity. The attributes of the emitting engine are only insignificantly relevant. Hence the physics and chemistry of particle filters can be investigated independent of the engine and its deployment duty. This concept facilitates a very thorough investigation of the size-dependent filtration, aging susceptibility, secondary emissions and extreme situations. Filter systems, which pass this detailed test, perform equally well in every retrofit configuration. This filter test concept was implemented 1998 in the VERT project and is successful for assessing retrofltting [4]. VERT approved fllter systems are already deployed in the Low Emission Zones of Europe, North and South America.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 313-322
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:: Analyses of temperature and pressure condition in CI engines exhaust pipe in light of application NOx sensor to determine of catalytic converter efficiency
Autorzy:: Rychter, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243619.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
internal combustion engine
catalytic converter
diagnostic system
Opis:: The development of a catalytic converter required an analysis of selected physical parameters of the supports. This resulted from the necessity to assume given parameters of the supports applied in the tests in exhaust gas environment in the CI engines. An analysis of ionic conductors, which constitutes the basic solution in voltage sensors providing signals through NOx electrocatalysis, is presented. The aim of this paper is to determine the basis for the monitoring of catalytic converters in compression ignition engines by the emission level of a selected exhaust gas component as a diagnostic signal. The emission of NOx has been taken as the basis. This required the development of a specialized system allowing the reduction of NOx and obtaining of a diagnostic signal reflecting the level of the said reduction. This paper includes same results of testing and possibilities monitoring of prototype catalytic converter on the test bed. On the basis of the performed examinations and obtained test results the following conclusions can be drawn: the analysis of the NOx concentrations in exhaust gas from the compression-ignition engine can be based on the indications of the voltage probes with the modified electrodes of the oxygen pump, the application of the reduction conditions in the voltage probes using the nitrogen oxides reduction by the electro-catalytic way depends on the exhaust gas parameters, the values of which change depending on the rotational crankshaft speed and engine load, and for this reason obtaining the diagnostic signal for the whole engine operation range is impossible, the control of the correctness of the catalyst operation regarding the nitrogen oxides reduction can be realised for the defined operating parameters of the tested engine, for phases VIII and X of the ESC test the reheating the test probe installed before the catalyst was unnecessary, owing to the high exhaust gas temperature (737-759°C).
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 451-463
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:: Research results of novel composite materials with low hysteresis during heating and cooling for pistons of combustion engines
Autorzy:: Sieminska, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245037.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
engine piston
thermal expansion
emissions
Opis:: Research results of novel silumins on pistons for combustion engines, which have high mechanical properties within the range of piston higher operating temperatures, 100-300°C, are presented in the paper. Silumins contain enlarging concentration of the nickel and copper alloy additives up to 4.0, and chrome and molybdenum alloy additives up to 1.0%. Occurrence of given microstructure in piston-silumins results in almost the same values of the coefficient thermal expansion during the heating up to the 300 °C temperature and during the next cooling into the ambient temperature. Small values of the coefficient of expansion of thermal and small differences between values of the coefficient of thermal expansion during heating and cooling enable on application of small values of working clearances between piston and the cylinder liner. As a consequence they make possible, the low exhaust emission level, and the low noise level. The pistons from alloys with small values ofthe coefficient of thermal expansion, small differences of this coefficient during heating and cooling are novel aspects presented in paper. Research results of strength and metallographic parameters, research results of the coefficient of thermal expansion, comparative engine research results are represented in the paper. In particular representative chemical components for a standard alloy and novel alloy, mechanical properties investigated alloys after solution heat treatment, wear resistance of novel alloy compared with two cast irons, ATD curves, fibrous construction, silicon construction, microstructure of novel alloy, courses of changes of the coefficient of thermal expansion in the function of the temperature during heating and cooling are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 1; 421-432
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:: Simulation research of the hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Smoczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950113.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: camless engine
hydraulic actuator
internal combustion engine
servovalve
Opis:: This paper describes simulation research of single-acting hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engines. The proposed drive was composed of commercial servovalve and typical hydraulic single-acting actuator. Research was performed for the prepared and verified model of this drive. In the paper mainly analysed was the impact of control signals on course of valve lift and its characteristic parameters like: delay of start of valve movement in opposition to the start of the control signal, the time of opening and closing of the valve, the valve lifting time, the course of valve lift, fill factor of the area under the valve lift curve and velocity of the valve subsidence. Special attention was given to the closing movement of the valve. Drive control was limited to step control signal. In the final phase of closing the valve, the control method had to slow down and stop the valve, but without a significant influence on the valve closing phase. During research the fill factor of the area under the valve lift curve was calculated and compared with values obtained for the classic drive with cam. A number of simulations allowed to determine the optimal control signal for the course with deceleration of the valve. Based on simulation studies it was found that comparable fill factors of the area under the valve lift curve for cam drive and analyzed electrohydraulic drive were obtained up to over 4000 rpm speed. Above this speed the factor was significantly smaller for hydraulic drive. For low engine speeds the values of factor were acceptable and amounted to about 0.7. Unfortunately for the valve opening times for engine speed 6000 rpm, tested drive did not provide the full opening of the valve and the fill factor of the area under the valve lift curve was unsatisfactory. In this research, the frequency characteristics of the servovalve published by their manufacturers were used. It demonstrated that because of the delay and response speed of the valve is necessary to use units generating a control signal ahead in relation to the desired moment of opening the valve.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 385-391
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:: Preliminary investigations of the HCCI combustion system in a single cylinder research engine
Autorzy:: Motyl, K.
Lisowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246468.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: thermodynamics
internal combustion engines
HCCI
combustion process
exhaust emission
bio-fuel
Opis:: This paper describes the results of the preliminary experimental research of the HCCI combustion system in a single cylinder research engine fuelled by means of natural gas containing 95% methane. In this research, influence of the initial temperature of the charge and mixture composition on the maximum combustion pressure, maximum speed of pressure growth, selfignition delay time, combustion time, maximum combustion temperature, heat release and combustion efficiency have been studied. The paper contains: description of the engine modification to adopt it for HCCI operation requirements, applied measurements equipment, selected results of the experimental research. The results shows that initial charge temperature and mixture composition (relative air/fuel ratio coefficient) have essential influence on the engine operating results. The experimental research has been conducted for the varied initial charge temperature from 140 centigrade up to 210 centigrade and for varied relative air/fuel ratio coefficient 1=1; 1=1.5; 1=1.7; 1=2. Maximum charge pressure, maximum speed of pressure growth selfignition delay time was rather unaffected on the initial charge temperature increase beyond 200 centigrade. Previous and current author's research works have indicated that extremely low emissions and high combustion efficiencies are possible to reach if homogeneous charge compression ignition is applied.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 429-436
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:: Heat transfer in combustion chamber of piston engines
Autorzy:: Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950137.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
heat transfer
heat flux
combustion chamber
heat losses
Opis:: Measurements were made during downward propagation of a flat flame in a lean limit methane/air mixture. It was observed that the limit flames are very thick and that heat losses to the walls caused extensive cooling of the product gases within 0.05 m behind the propagating flame. Analysis of all data from well synchronized measurements as well as the results of following to them numerical calculations made possible to understand in detail physical picture of heat transfer from the hot gases to the cold walls. It is a unique way for explanation of heat transfer phenomenon. Measurements and calculations were used to prepare heat balance in a flammability tube. In the next step measurements were carried out in a rotating cylindrical combustion chamber. This chamber was treated as a model of piston engine combustion chamber with swirl. Temperature changes on a surface of the rotating combustion chamber were transmitted towards motionless data acquisition system. The temperature measurements were carried out with the use of special thermocouples located at the front wall of the chamber. Influence of rotation velocity on heat transfer was investigated in the range from 1000rpm to 5000 rpm. For a constant mixture concentration maximum temperature rise depended on the rotation velocity. Increased rotation velocity initially intensified heat transfer to the wall, with following to it increase of peak temperature, but further rise of rotation velocity resulted in local flame extinction near the s idę walls, decreased volume of combustion gases, and as a result of these, decreased value of peak temperature at the wall surface. Presented techniques make possible estimate heat losses to the walls in a combustion chamber of piston engines.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 1; 187-197
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:: Comparative research of organic components of emissions using compression ignition engine fuelled with diesel oil or rape seed methyl esters
Autorzy:: Rusin, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246049.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: Cl internal combustion engines
motor fuels
toxic exhaust emissions
Opis:: The results of comparative research of the organie components in the exhaust emissions of the CI engine fuelled with Diesel oil or rape seed methyl esters (RSME) were presented in this paper. The experimental works reported here was carriedout on the turbocharged, four cylinder, water cooled, CI engine, T 370 type (80 kW rated power at 2400 rpm, 400 Nm maximum torque at 1440 rpm, bore/stroke - 110/120 mm, displacement volume - 4560 cm3, compression ratio 17:1). The Signal equipment and AVL eeuipment were used for regulated exhaust emissions measurements and Hewlett Packard chromatograph type HP 5890 H for measurements of organic species emissions. The research was carried out under engine full load at maximum torque speed and at rated power speed. Using special equipment and normalized procedures the chromatographic test samples were collected. The 83 species were identified in HC emissions at these experiments but only the benzene, toluene and acetaldehyde were the components which were detected in substantial guantity. The research results show that the percentage emissions of individual components in total emissions of HC were weakly dependent on the used fuel. However in the case of RSME engine feed the HC emissions were lower than hose of the engine fuelled with Diesel oil and total emissions of their components were lower. Concluding, emissions from RSME combustion are less harmful than emissions of the engine fuelled with Diesel oil.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 1; 351-358
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:: Some problems with operation of engines fuelled with landfill biogas
Autorzy:: Ziółkowski, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246187.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: power plants
internal combustion engines
gas engines
landfill biogas
Opis:: In the article has been described some problems associated with the production of biogas and using it as a fuel in internal combustion engines. In Poland biogas is mostly generated from deposits from sewage treatment plants, agricultural waste and from landfills. The biogas chemical composition depends on the organie matter as a source of biogas on used fermentation technology. One of the forms of biogas utilization is burning it in internal combustion engines. Engines producers offer a range of models designed to be fuelled with biogas. However there are some signiflcant problems with operation of such engines that appear in the case of using landfill biogas as a fuel. This kind of biogas is characterized by considerable variability in methane content, which dynamically changes throughout the period of landfill usage. In the article there is some information about the impact of changes in the methane content on operation of internal combustion engines fuelled with landfill biogas. Rapid increase in the methane content may be the purpose of knocking and engine damage. There also presented the analysis of control systems applied in gas engines. The analysis is made for purpose of determining the ability of described control systems to maintain with rapid changes in methane content in fuel gas. On the basis of this there are described some requests for features that should be characterized by the gas engine control system adapted to the combustion of landfill biogas. In summary are presented some guidance to facilitate the correct selection of engine fuelled with landfill biogas.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 615-622
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:: Geometry of the Wankel rotary engine
Autorzy:: Drogosz, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243941.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: hydrogen engines
internal combustion engines
Wankel rotary engines
trochoids
Opis:: This article describes the basic principles for determining the geometry of Wankel rotary engines. An attempt is made to clarify if the characteristics of the rotary engine are such that the engine may be brought into more general use as an internal combustion hydrogen engine. An analysis of the data indicates that reorganizing the basic mathematical issues would be useful. Also the clarification of the names used to describe the basic curve characterizing the Wankel engine may be useful too. Now in such names and basic mathematical issues there are many differences generating many difficulties in comparison information comingfrom different sources. In this article one most convenient name and form of mathematical equation were chosen and described. The chosen name is the best for communication in the English language, but the other described names can be useful when comparing information from other European languages. This is the first time that the chosen form of mathematical equation is proposed to be used in accordance to construction of Wankel engines. Many other applications of the chosen form of mathematical equation ascertain proper and convenient use. The main advantages of this form of mathematical equation are applications of two main parameters: curve size parameter and dimensionless curve parameter. These two parameters decided about convenience in changing volume of internal combustion engines and comparisons of performance characteristic of different Wankel engines.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 69-74
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:: Effective compression ratio of combustion engine as a way of increasing efficiency
Autorzy:: Drabik, D.
Mamala, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245128.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: engine
internal combustion engine
efficiency
air pollution
compression ratio
Opis:: The article describes the processes that take place in an engine. The main terms connected with the compression ratio are explained. Moreover, the relationship between the compression ratio and the engine efficiency is discussed. This paper is a repetition of issues connected with functioning of the engine. In this article, variables that influence the chart are described, along with some examples of the way to increase engine efficiency. This article focuses on selected methods of improving efficiency of internal combustion engines. In order to fully understand processes taking place in the combustion chamber, it is necessary to create theoretical charts of thermal cycles and, then, to compare them with actual charts obtained as a result of measurements. The structure of contemporary engines is influenced by various factors, for example preservation of natural environment or limited fuel resources. These factors are crucial for mechanical engineering and engine design. Therefore, energy consumption and environmental impact of engines are taken into consideration when researching new ways and methods of enhancing engine efficiency. One of the main aims of the researchers and engineers is to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in exhaust fumes. Improved engine efficiency, lowered fuel consumption and reduced emission of toxic substances are the main advantages of internal combustion engines characterized by variable compression ratio.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 93-99
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:: The semi-Markov model of energy state changes of the main marine internal combustion engine and method for evaluating its operation during ship voyage
Autorzy:: Girtler, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260072.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: operation
energy
semi-Markov process
piston internal combustion engine
Opis:: The article presents a method for evaluating the operation of internal combustion engines used as the main engines in the propulsion systems of sea-going ships in various operating conditions. This method enables calculating the engine operation value based on the theory of semi-Markov processes and mathematical statistics. What is noteworthy, the operation of the examined internal combustion engines is compared to a physical quantity which is expressed in the form of a number with the measure unit called joule-second. a model having the form of a semi-Markov process is proposed to describe the energy state changes taking place in the main engines during their operation. Also proposed is the use of the point and interval estimation at a given confidence level â for determining the value of the energy converted in the engine during its operation for the known and unknown standard energy deviation treated as the random variable. The semi-Markov model of changes of the energy converted in the engine during its operation is presented in a general form. The above model was used for determining the ship’s main engine operation, which is in the examined case a function of the energy converted in particular energy states, the expected value of the time of duration of these states and the probability of their existence. These probabilities compose the limiting distribution of the semi-Markov process, the values of which are the specified main engine energy states.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2011, 4; 36-42
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:: Influence of compression ratio on combustion, turbulence, swirls into model combustion chamber of SI engines
Autorzy:: Leżański, T.
Sęczyk, J.
Wolański, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246616.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
spark ignition
combustion processes
new combustion systems
combustion process visualisation
Opis:: The results of the visualization researches, with the pressure measurement results are presented in the paper. Researches deal with the combustion system with semi-open combustion chamber for spark ignition engines. This system was elaborated in Aircraft Engine Department of Heat Engineering Institute of Warsaw University of Technology. During researches the influence of CR on a flame front propagation and turbulences into combustion chamber, when CR and ignition advance are varied, was determined. The model combustion chamber was made with the constant volumes ratio (the prechamber volume to the prechamber plus main combustion chamber volumes) of 28%. The CR were varied: 6:1, 8:1, 10:1 and 12:1, by changing of combustion chamber length and establish high. The researches were performed using rapid compression machine (RCM). The combustion sequences were recorded using high-speed digital camera with speed of 5000 frames per second. Simultaneously with combustion sequences recording, the high-speed pressure courses were registered. The research results show that the growth of compression ratio causes an improvement of combustion system performances; an increase of maximum cycle pressure and useful work field. The improvement of the performances is caused mainly by shortening of the combustion time and intensification of the turbulences and approaching of supposed combustion course.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 179-186
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:: A novel internal combustion engine without crankshaft and connecting rod mechanisms
Autorzy:: Fijałkowski, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247269.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
mechatronic commutator
nano-magneto-rheological fluid
Opis:: A novel internal combustion engine without a crankshaft and connecting rod mechanisms, which the author would like to present, is partially acting on another law of physics. The invention titled 'Nano-Magneto-Rheological Mechatronic Commutator Internal Combustion Engine', which is concisely termed the Fijalkowski engine by some, is based on a completely new propulsion engineering solution that has no analogies in the world. Thus, this paper focuses on a novel internal combustion, which may use a nano-magneto-rheological mechatronic commutator that may replace the crankshaft and connecting rod (conrod) mechanisms. This mechatronic commutator may let nano -magneto-rheological rotary ratchets oscillate in a controlled wobble while keeping the output shaft spinning smoothly; and although opposed pistons and opposed cylinders similar to those in automotive 'boxer' engines may power the Fijalkowski engine, it may also use opposed cylinders containing four pairs of two end-to-end opposed pistons for higher power densities. The nano-magneto-rheological mechatronic commutator is used for converting between one form of mechanical motion that is linear, reciprocating motion of pistons and another -- that is the rotary motion of the output shaft.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 91-104
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:: Moduł pomiarowy do określenia charakterystyk ε = f(ω) dla silników spalinowych małych mocy
Measurement module determining the ε = f(ω) characteristics for low power internal combustion engines
Autorzy:: Langman, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/290504.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
mikrokontroler
diagnostyka
internal combustion engine
microcontroller
diagnostics
Opis:: Coraz liczniej występujące maszyny napędzane małymi silnikami spalinowymi wymagają licznych okresowych zabiegów obsługowo naprawczych, gdzie istotną rolę odgrywa proces diagnostyczny. Wobec braku na rynku przyrządów diagnostycznych mogących mieć zastosowanie w procesie diagnozowania silników małych mocy, opracowano moduł pomiarowy do określania charakterystyk ε=f(ω) silnika spalinowego. Moduł ten współpracuje z komputerem PC, na którym dokonywana jest wizualizacja i archiwizacja wyników pomiarów.
More and more machines propelled by small internal combustion engines demand numerous periodic service procedures and repairs, for which the diagnostic process is crucial. Considering that the market lack of diagnostic devices that might be used in the process of diagnosing low power engines, a measurement module for determining the ε = f(ω) characteristics of the internal combustion engine was developed. This module cooperates with a personal computer which is used for visualizing and archiving results of measurements.
Źródło:: Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2010, R. 14, nr 7, 7; 99-104
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:: Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:: Trajectory of the apex seals of the wankel rotary engine
Autorzy:: Drogosz, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242183.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
Wankel rotary engines
trochoid
seals
equidistant
Opis:: This article describes the basic principles for determining the trajectory of the apex seals of Wankel rotary engines. An attempt is made as the Wankel engine seems to be the convenient as the burning hydrogen fuel engine. The main advantage is particularly intensive cooling. The main disadvantage is high pollution of combustion gases. Analyzing the working constructions it is possible to find the main sources of pollution. After all it seems that specific work of rotating piston seals are the main reason of usage big volume of lubrication oil. But part of lubrication oil is burnt together with the fuel increasing the pollution. Even using hydrogen as fuel it remains difficult to meet EURO V regulations of combustion gases pollution made by transport vehicles. Every possibility of volume reduction of lubrication oil is important. In the article the trajectories of apex seals are discussed. As the mathematical model of trajectory a special formula of trochoid was chosen. The main advantages of the chosen form of mathematical equation are applications of two main parameters: curve size parameter and dimensionless curve parameter. These two parameters decided about convenience in changing volume of internal combustion engines and comparisons of performance characteristic of different Wankel engines. In other publications connected with Wankel motors more complicated mathematic formulas are still used.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 117-122
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:: Combustion in a supercharged biomass gas engine with micro-pilot ignition - effects of injection pressure and amount of diesel fuel
Autorzy:: Tomita, E.
Fukatani, N.
Kawahara, N.
Maruyama, K.
Komoda, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243110.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
cogeneration
pyrolysis gas
biomass gas
visualization
Opis:: It is one of the solutions to use biomass as fuel in order to realize a sustainable society and to reduce carbon dioxide emission .A single cylinder with supercharged and micro-pilot gas engine operated with four kinds of pyrolysis gas as fuel for cogeneration use. The effects of injection pressure and amount of diesel fuel on engine performance and exhaust emissions were investigated. The combustion periods of initial and main stages were determined from the analysis of mass fraction burned. The combustion process was also visualized with a colour highspeed video camera. Main results obtained in this study are as follows: When the amount of diesel fuel increased in the same injection pressure, smoke was exhausted. However, the smoke was reduced with higher injection pressure. The period of the initial combustion is almost the same even if injection pressure and amount of diesel fuel increases. Therefore, it is enough to ignite the mixture with small amount of diesel fuel. For the case with lower calorific gas, the period of main combustion was shortened owing to the combustion of diesel fuel when the amount of diesel fuel increases. When the mixture contains much hydrogen, the period of main combustion does not become small in higher injection pressure and larger amount of diesel fuel. On the other hand, when the mixture does not contain much hydrogen, the effect of diesel fuel becomes strong.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 513-520
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:: The impact of active ceramic coating implementation on gasoline engine exhaust toxicity
Autorzy:: Janicka, A. B.
Walkowiak, W.
Sobianowska-Turek, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243998.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: inner catalyst
exhaust toxicity
internal combustion engine
exhausts toxicity
Opis:: One of the ways for toxic emissions reduction from internal combustion engines, beside external Exhaust purification systems and alternative fuels, is direct intervention into engine combustion process. The inner catalyst application, in form of ceramic active coating applied inside of combustion chamber, is one of the examples of that kind of solution. The application of active coating inside of a compression-ignition engine (diesel engine) may have an important impact on several stages of combustion process: fuel cracking, fore-flame phase, combustion phase and secondary combustion phase. Investigations of such construction are very rare in the literature. The paper presents the results of the researches which aim was analysis of inner catalyst application impact on toxic emissions. As a catalyst platinum and rhodium was used. As a catalyst support and local thermal barrier a zirconium ceramic coating was used. The catalyst was located on the gasoline engine valves surface. The research was done in Emission Research Laboratory of the Division of Motor Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines. The analysis was done according to European standard (EN ISO 16017-1: 2006) on gas chromatograph (Yarian 450 GC) equipped in capillary column and flame-ionization detector (FID). The results of the researches proofed effectiveness of that solution on toxic emissions limitation.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 149-154
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:: Diagnozowanie luzu zaworowego silnika na podstawie zmian energetycznych sygnału drganiowego
Diagnosing the engine valve clearance, on the basis of the energy changes of the vibratory signal
Autorzy:: Figlus, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/256587.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:: diagnostyka
silnik spalinowy
wibroakustyka
diagnostics
internal combustion engine
vibroacoustic
Opis:: Celem badań jest diagnozowanie zwiększonego luzu zaworowego silnika spalinowego, który może być spowodowany uszkodzeniem hydraulicznych automatycznych kasowników luzu zaworowego lub nadmiernym zużyciem elementów głowicy. Do diagnozowania luzu zaworowego zaproponowano zastosowanie metody pomiaru i analizy drgań. W celu wykazania jej użyteczności przeprowadzono badania stanowiskowe, w których symulowano powiększony luz zaworowy silników z zapłonem iskrowym i samoczynnym. Następnie przeprowadzono przetwarzanie i analizę przyśpieszenia drgań silników, obliczając energię sygnału w oknie kroczącym i jego rozkłady czasowo-częstotliwościowe Wignera-Ville'a.
The aim of the research is to diagnose the clearence of the valves in an internal combustion engine. The clearence may be caused by the damage of the hydraulic automatic reduction of the valve clearence or the excessive wear of the head elements. The measurement methods and the vibration analysis were proposed. In order to indicate their utility, workstand research was carried out. During the test, the enlarged clearence of the valve engine, both spark ignition and diesel was simulated. Afterwards, the transformation and the analysis of the engine vibration acceleration were carried out, calculating, in this way, the energy of the signal and its time-frequency Wigner-Ville decomposition.
Źródło:: Problemy Eksploatacji; 2009, 1; 75-84
1232-9312
Pojawia się w:: Problemy Eksploatacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:: The impact of fuel properties on shape of injected fuel spray
Wpływ właściwości paliw na kształt wtryskiwanej strugi
Autorzy:: Reksa, M.
Sroka, Z. J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133250.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
fuels
research
silnik spalinowy
paliwa
badania
Opis:: The debate on alternative fuels includes quality of combustion process depends on the properties of these fuels. The physicochemical parameters of fuel determine besides other the shape of the fuel jet, which effects on creation of mixture with air. The paper proposes a simplified method for assessing the shape of injected fuel spray based on the analysis of digital photos taken with the ordinary camera. Differences in the core of spray, jet angle and the presence of fuel droplets were presented for three different fuels. The results, described only briefly in this paper, can be helpful during the fuel injector designing or to test the engines.
W dyskusji nad paliwami alternatywnymi przewija się zagadnienie jakości procesu spalania uzależnione od właściwości tych paliw. Parametry fizykochemiczne paliw decydują między innymi o kształcie strugi wtryskiwanego paliwa, co przenosi się na sposób tworzenia mieszaniny z powietrzem. W pracy zaproponowano uproszczoną metodę oceny kształtu strugi wtryskiwanego paliwa na podstawie analizy zdjęć wykonanych kamerą cyfrowego. Wykazano zróżnicowanie w rdzeniu strugi, kącie rozpylenia oraz obecności kropel paliwa dla trzech różnych paliw. Uzyskane wyniki, opisane tylko skrótowo w niniejszej pracy, mogą być pomocne na etapie konstruowania wtryskiwaczy lub podczas badań silnikowych.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 3; 806-810
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:: Research effects of novel combustion system with semi-open combustion chamber using rapid compression machine
Autorzy:: Leżański, T.
Sęczyk, J.
Wolański, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245605.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
spark ignition
combustion processes
engine combustion systems
combustion process visualization
Opis:: The combustion system with semi open combustion chamber (SOCC) was originally elaborated in Aircraft Engine Department of Warsaw University of Technology. In this system the original combustion chamber of the standard SI engine, was divided by partition in prechamber and main combustion chamber, but yet this division exists only when the piston is close to TDC, on the contrary by the rest of the cycle the chambers are fully open. The system operation mechanism, the visualization research results, the high speed changed of the pressure measurements, was presented in this paper. The influence on the system performances of the different combustion systems parameters: the prechamber volume, the nozzle hole diameter in the partition, the ignition place, the compression ratio, and the ignition advance angle (IAA), on the basis of the research results, using rapid compression machine was presented in this paper. All research results show, that the best results of the system operation can be obtained if the stream outflow from prechamber to main combustion chamber starts when the piston is at TDC, and if the stream energy will be so big to displace all main combustion chamber before the clearance between partition and piston crown was opened. If the system operated correctly, the combustion time shortening, the growth of the maximum cycle pressure, and the combustion efficiency increase were obtained.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 297-310
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:: Flame front propagation in combustion system with semi - open combustion chamber with different compression ratio
Autorzy:: Leżański, T.
Sęczyk, J.
Wolański, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242590.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
spark ignition
combustion processes
new combustion systems
combustion process visualisation
Opis:: Researches of the combustion system with semi-open combustion chamber for spark ignition engines. This system was elaborated in Aircraft Engine Department of Heat Engineering Institute of Warsaw University of Technology. The researches concern the determination of influence CR on a flame front propagation into combustion chamber when CR and ignition advance are varied. The model combustion chamber make up with the constant volumes ratio of the prechamber volume to the prechamber plus main combustion chamber volumes, of 28%, but the CR were varied: 6:1, 8:1, 10:1 and 12:1, by changing of combustion chamber length. The researches were performed using rapid compression machine (RCM). The combustion sequences were recorded using high-speed digital camera with speed of 5000 frames per second. Simultaneously with combustion sequences recording, the high-speed pressure measurements were performed. The results of the visualization researches, with the pressure measurement results are presented in the paper. The research results show that the growth of compression ratio caused an improvement of combustion system performances; an increase of maximum cycle pressure and useful work field. The improvement of the performances is caused mainly by shortening of the combustion chamber length and approaching of supposed combustion course.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 227-235
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 51.

Tytuł:: Power affects to the sound pressure of a four-stroke engine
Autorzy:: Kilikevičienė, Kristina
Kilikevičius, Artūras
Matijošius, Jonas
Rimkus, Alfredas
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263213.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: S320 Andoria internal combustion engine
sound pressure
engine power
Opis:: The noise generated by the four-stroke S320 Andoria internal combustion engine is a complex field of study because the total sound pressure is the sum of the sound pressures produced by each engine component. The noise level and sound frequency of diesel engines used in agricultural machinery are highly dependent on fuel combustion. The standard diesel fuel conforming to EN 115 was used in the tests. Sound pressure was measured with the Bruel & Kjear equipment. Investigations show the dynamics of the dynamic parameters of the four-stroke engine, which must be evaluated when operating agricultural machinery. Experimental research of power influence on sound pressure of four-stroke diesel engine was performed. The dependence of the sound pressure level on the variation of the motor power was determined. Studies have shown that as the engine power increases from 2.63 to 9.48 kW, the sound pressure standard deviation increases by about 0.041 Pa.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2019, 86, 4; 143-150
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 52.

Tytuł:: A new fuel-injection mechatronic control method for direct-injection internal combustion engines
Autorzy:: Tutaj, J.
Fijałkowski, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/387356.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:: direct injection
internal combustion engine
fuel injection
injection control system
Opis:: In this paper, a novel fuel-injection mechatronic control method and system for direct injection (DI) internal combustion engines (ICE) is proposed. This method and system is based on the energy saving in a capacitance using DC-DC converter, giving a very fast ON state of the fuel injectors’ electro-magnetic fluidical valves without an application of the initial load current. A fuel-injection controller for the DI ICEs that provides a very short rising time of an electromagnet-winding current in an initial ON state of the fuel-injector’s electromagnetic fluidical valves, which improves a fuel-injection controller reliability and simplify its construction, is presented. Due to a number of advantages of afore -mentioned fuel-injection mechatronic control method and system, it may be utilised for the DI ICEs with fuel injectors dedicated to all types of liquid and/or gas fuels, for example, gasoline, diesel-oil, alkohol, LPG and NPG.
Źródło:: Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2018, 12, 4; 276-280
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:: Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 53.

Tytuł:: Review of possibilities of increasing the thickness of an anti-wear coating on piston rings by using specifically designed physical vapour deposition process
Autorzy:: Skorupa, P.
Kaźmierczak, A.
Błasiński, T.
Borkowska, J.
Krakowian, K.
Łoza, Ł.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245017.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: coatings
anti-wear
internal combustion engine
PVD
CVD
thickness
DLC
Opis:: The super-hard, anti-wear amorphic coatings based on carbon-like diamond (called DLC) show a promising direction in automotive industry, mainly in terms of decreasing friction coefficient in parts of internal combustion engine. However, the technology of producing DLC-coated parts, which is most often chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or physical vapour deposition (PVD) is proven to be still not perfect for achieving desired characteristics of the coating. The thickness of a coating is the main issue one should strive to improve, as the PVD methods produce films as thin as few micrometres. In such case, the coating is not only exposed to cracking, but also pitting is possible to happen. This is proven to be highly undesirable and unacceptable for this process. In addition, in case of thin films, the adhesion to the base is often too weak, despite the coating itself being extremely durable and hard. In this article, a theoretical ways to improve the process of coating are presented. The process itself is described, the achievable parameters are defined and the possible improvements are stated. The research made for the purpose of this article will be further exploited to design a process allowing creating the coating for testing of the best possible characteristics.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 281-286
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 54.

Tytuł:: Wykorzystanie spalinowych silników turbinowych w napędzie pojazdów szynowych
Application of Internal Combustion Turbines to Propulsion of Railway Vehicles
Autorzy:: Wolfram, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/215495.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Kolejnictwa
Tematy:: pojazdy szynowe
spalinowe silniki turbinowe
internal combustion turbines
rail vehicles
Opis:: W artykule opisano możliwość zastosowania spalinowych silników turbinowych do napędu pojazdów szynowych. Scharakteryzowano zalety takich silników w stosunku do silników tłokowych, takie jak: korzystny wskaźnik mocy, większa trwałość, zasilanie gorszymi gatunkami paliw płynnych. Stwierdzono, że główną wadą tych silników jest mniejsza sprawność cieplna. Opisano układy napędowe wybranych, prototypowych pociągów z turbinowymi silnikami lotniczymi. Stwierdzono, że ten rodzaj napędu zwiększa zużycie paliwa w stosunku do silników turbinowych przeznaczonych do trakcji kolejowej.
The paper describes possibilities to apply internal combustion turbine s for the propulsion of railway vehicles. Advantages of a turbine over internal combustion piston engine were named: Favourable power to weight coefficient, higher durability, tolerance to the fuel of poor quality. However, lower thermal efficiency is the main disadvantage of these engines. Drive systems of selected prototype trains driven by the aircraft turbine engines have been described. It was found that such driving systems feature higher fuel consumption as compared with the turbine engines specifically designed for the use in rail vehicles.
Źródło:: Problemy Kolejnictwa; 2012, 155; 93-104
0552-2145
2544-9451
Pojawia się w:: Problemy Kolejnictwa
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 55.

Tytuł:: Cogeneration systems
Autorzy:: Urbonienė, Virginija
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/4173390.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:: steam turbines
electrical efficiency
gas turbines
microturbines
internal combustion engine
Opis:: Cogeneration can be defined as the general production of thermodynamic heat and electricity from a single initial source of energy. The device, in which the process of cogeneration occurs, is called cogeneration device. Cogeneration changes separated electric energy and heat production. The separation of electric energy and heat production is characterized by substantial energy losses of initial fuel. In the separated power generation, the user receives the electric energy, which is produced by the large-scale power plants and heat is produced in high-efficiency boilers. In this case losses make about 40% in produced heat and 60% – produced electric energy.
Źródło:: Buildings 2020+. Energy sources; 213-254
9788365596727
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 56.

Tytuł:: Diagnosing faults in the timing system of a passenger car spark ignition engine using the bayes classifier and entropy of vibration signals
Autorzy:: Czech, Piotr
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203067.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
diagnostics
Bayesian classifier
pattern recognition
spark-ignition internal combustion engine
exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine
silniki spalinowe
diagnostyka
klasyfikator bayesowski
rozpoznawanie wzorca
silnik spalinowy z zapłonem iskrowym
zawór wydechowy silnika spalinowego
Opis:: Today's systems for diagnosing the technical condition of machines, including vehicles, use very advanced methods of acquiring and processing input data. Presently, work is being conducted globally to solve related problems. At the moment, it is not yet possible to create a single procedure that would enable the construction of a properly functioning diagnostic system, regardless of the selected object to be diagnosed. Hence, there is a need to conduct further research into the possibility of using already developed methods, as well as their modification to other diagnostic cases. This article presents the results of research related to the use of the Bayes classifier for diagnosing the technical condition of passenger car engine components. Damage to the exhaust valve of a spark ignition engine was diagnosed. The source of information on the technical condition was vibration signals recorded at various measuring points and under different operating conditions of the car. To describe the nature of changes in the vibration signals, the entropy measures were determined for the decomposed signal using the discrete wavelet transform is proposed.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 116; 83--98
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 57.

Tytuł:: The study of the continuously rotating detonation combustion chamber supplied with different types of fuel
Autorzy:: Łukasik, B.
Czyż, S.
Irzycki, A.
Rowiński, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246684.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: rotating detonation
air/Jet-A detonation
detonation combustion chamber
internal combustion engine
Opis:: The paper summarizes research that was conducted last year as part of the project of “Turbine engine with detonation combustion chamber”. In this project, throughout 2012 and early 2013, tests were carried out on a test stand connected to the compressed air system. Research, of the rotating detonation phenomena, was carried out for a number of detonation chambers with different interior channel geometry. In addition, for each geometry configuration, tests were carried out for different levels of choking of the chamber outlet and hence for different pressures conditions inside the detonation chamber. This article presents the results of tests carried out for gaseous (hydrogen), hybrid (hydrogen + kerosene) and liquid (Jet-A) fuels, using different types of fuel injectors and for different fuel injection configuration settings (inside the chamber, or in front of the chamber). During these tests, parameters such as pressure behind the detonation wave (using piezoelectric sensors), the static pressure in front of and inside the detonation chamber and temperature: before, inside and at the outlet of the chamber, were measured. Research was performed for the various mass flow rates of air and fuel injected into the chamber that means for the different air-fuel equivalence ratios (Lambda). The main achievement of this study was to obtain a stable and reproducible rotating detonation of air and heated kerosene (Jet-A) mixture, thus the results presented in this paper presents mainly these tests as the most interesting to the reader
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 259-266
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 58.

Tytuł:: The ANN approximation of the CH4 combustion model : the mixture composition
Autorzy:: Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246942.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: modeling
internal combustion engines
approximation
artificial neural network
combustion process
chemical species
Opis:: The calculation of the changing of the combustion mixture composition during the combustion process of the CH4 is presented of the paper. Correct calculation results of the mixture composition during the combustion process in combustion chambers of internal combustion engines is important to define the heat release calculation, modeling and simulation of the combustion phenomena. The paper presents results of calculations for the GriMech 3 kinetic mechanism of the methane combustion for different thermodynamic parameters and the composition of the combusted mixture. Results of the kinetic calculation of combustion process are qualitatively consistent with the data available in literature. The second purpose of research was the approximation of obtained results with the trained artificial neural network. Input data needed to approximate mole fractions of considered in the GriMech 3 mechanism combustion process chemical species consisted of 52 mole fractions of initial chemical species and temperature and pressure process. For all considered chemical species the mean square error did not exceed a value of 1-10-2 %, but the maximum error for a single value of 43 species excess even more than 100% of the value of mole fraction values taken from kinetic calculations. Single values of errors disqualify the neural network application for modeling of mole fractions of chemical species.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 233-240
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 59.

Tytuł:: The ANN approximation of the CH4 combustion model : the heat release
Autorzy:: Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246946.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: modelling
internal combustion engines
approximation
artificial neural network
combustion process
heat release
Opis:: The calculation of the heat release from the combustion process of the CH4 is presented of the paper. Correct calculation results of the heat released from combustion is important for design, modelling and testing phenomena in combustion chambers of internal combustion engines. The paper presents results of calculations for the kinetic mechanism of methane combustion GriMech 3 for different thermodynamic parameters and composition of the combusted mixture. The calculations were performed for all possible configurations of the variable temperaturę range from 1100K to 3600K, the variable pressure in the range of 2MPa to 5MPa, variable humidity of charged air from 10 to 30 grams of water per l kg of air and variable mole fractions of charge air. Results of the kinetic calculation of combustion process are qualitatively consistent with the data available in literature. The next stage of research was approximation of obtained results with the trained artificial neural network. Input data needed to approximate the energy of the combustion process consisted of 52 mole fractions of chemical species and temperature and pressure process. Approximation results have meant square error not exceeded 0.04% for the test data and 0.02% for the validation data. The maximum error for a single result was 1.9% compared to data obtained with chemical kinetic calculations.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 225-232
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 60.

Tytuł:: Design of novel composite pistons for diesel engine
Autorzy:: Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247362.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
diesel engine
piston engine
composite alloy
combustion engine performance
Opis:: The paper presents the requirements to be met by diesel engines and their components, in particular pistons for engines of military vehicles. These requirements are related to the mass of modern military vehicles, which has greatly increased. Materials for the piston should have a good strength properties and low hysteresis of thermal expansion coefficient α across the range of operating temperatures, good resistance to galling, low abrasion, low coefficient of friction and good functional properties. On the clearance of the piston in the cylinder, the coefficient of thermal expansion α and its hysteresis has a decisive influence. The paper includes information on the piston working clearances, the requirements for pistons materials, their chemical composition, standard materials for the forged pistons, for the cast pistons (silumin alloys) and for the composite pistons. The paper presents the changes in coefficient of thermal expansion for the alloy in the raw state and after heat treatment and pistons made of new composite material prior to motor testing and after these tests. The completed new pistons have a lower coefficient of thermal expansion and lower hysteresis α, which allows reducing the running piston and cylinder clearances with the resulting effects.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 211-216
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 61.

Tytuł:: Thermodynamic analysis of combustion events in the natural gas fuelled SI engine with VVT
Autorzy:: Szwaja, M.
Mazuro, P.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242837.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
variable valve timing
heat release rate
IMEP
combustion phases
Opis:: The main aim of the research was to investigate influence of overlap of the natural gas fuelled spark ignited engine on the following parameters: Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP), heat rate release including combustion phases (ignition lag, main combustion phase). The content of the study includes results from processing in-cylinder pressure measurements, heat release rate analysis, combustion phases, and finally the conclusions. The tests were carried out on the test bed including the single cylinder research engine with a displacement volume of 550 cm3. The engine was equipped with independent cam phasors for both intake and exhaust valves, but for this investigation, the exhaust valve timing was fixed (the exhaust cam centre line was fixed at -95 crank angle (CA) deg before Top Dead Centre) and intake valve timing was changed (the intake cam centre line was varied from 90 to 150 CA deg after Top Dead Centre). The overlap was changed in the range from 85 to 25 CA deg. 8 tests series were performed, each singular series consisted of 300 consecutive engine combustion cycles. As observed, by varying the valve overlap it contributes to significant change in the peak combustion pressure, peak of heat release rate, and combustion phases. Summing up, variable valve timing affects compression and expansion strokes by changing polytropic indexes due to various amounts of exhaust residuals trapped in the cylinder. It affects not only engine volumetric efficiency but also the heat release rate and IMEP, so it does engine performance. Thus, variable valve timing can be considered as valuable tool that can be applied to the natural gas fuelled internal combustion engine.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 421-427
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 62.

Tytuł:: A method of synthesizing vehicle-driving tests based on an analysis of typical tasks performed by an internal combustion engine
Metoda syntezy testów jezdnych na podstawie analizy typowych zadań realizowanych przez silnik spalinowy
Autorzy:: Chłopek, Z.
Szczepański, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1363519.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
vehicle driving tests
dynamics of internal combustion engines
synthesis of tests
silniki spalinowe
testy badawcze
dynamika silników spalinowych
synteza testów
Opis:: The article presents an authorial method of synthesizing vehicle-driving tests for determining, by rig testing, performance characteristics of internal combustion (IC) engines in dynamic states representative for the conditions of real engine operation. The method of synthesizing such tests is based on the criteria of similarity between characteristics of the physical quantities that describe the state of engine operation. The similarity criteria apply to the tasks performed by the engine and defined as the consecutive engine operation conditions and the corresponding engine operation states, each representing an elementary action performed by the engine operator by means of the engine. An example synthesis of a test has been presented for the engine speed in the IC engine operation conditions corresponding to the FTP-75 test cycle. The tests built in accordance with the method presented show good repeatability for the empirical data corresponding to various engine speed realizations in the vehicle-driving test.
W pracy przedstawiono autorski sposób syntezy testu do badań właściwości użytkowych silników spalinowych w stanach dynamicznych, reprezentatywnych dla warunków rzeczywistego użytkowania silnika. Metoda syntezy testów badawczych jest wykonywana zgodnie z kryteriami podobieństwa charakterystyk wielkości fizycznych opisujących stan pracy silnika. Kryterium podobieństwa dotyczy zadań realizowanych przez silnik, definiowanych jako kolejno występujące warunki pracy i odpowiadające im stany pracy silnika, reprezentujące elementarną czynność realizowaną za pomocą silnika przez jego operatora. Przykład syntezy testu badawczego przedstawiono dla prędkości obrotowej w warunkach pracy silnika spalinowego, odpowiadających testowi jezdnemu FTP-75. Wyznaczone zgodnie z przedstawioną metodą testy wykazują dobrą powtarzalność dla empirycznych danych odpowiadających różnym realizacjom prędkości obrotowej w teście jezdnym.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2017, 77, 3; 31-50
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 63.

Tytuł:: New ways of renewable sources utilization for electricity production
Autorzy:: Durčanský, P.
Pilát, P.
Nosek, R.
Jandačka, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/402157.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach. Wydawnictwo PŚw
Tematy:: Stirling engine
internal combustion engine
biomass
boiler
concentrating solar collector
Opis:: Nowadays, different solutions for increasing energy production are investigated in the world. One of the ways is utilization of renewable energy sources in cogeneration devices - combined production of electricity and heat in one device, with a high overall efficiency. The article deals with principle of hot-air engine, its basic division and use in combined production of heat and electricity from biomass. The basic principle of engine is conversion of heat into mechanical energy, which is subsequently used for production of electricity. In the contribution is presented Stirling engine, which is driven by thermal energy from a concentrating solar collector and from biomass boiler.
Źródło:: Structure and Environment; 2015, 7, 1; 43-47
2081-1500
Pojawia się w:: Structure and Environment
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 64.

Tytuł:: Metodyka wyznaczania poziomu oleju w silniku spalinowym
The methodology for determining the level of oil in the internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Suchecki, A.
Knefel, T.
Nowakowski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/314450.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
układ smarowania
internal combustion engine
engine lubrication system
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono sposób postępowania umożliwiający przeprowadzenia doboru odpowiednich, bezpiecznych dla pracy silnika poziomów oleju w misce olejowej oraz określenie ich wpływu na parametry pracy silnika. Przeanalizowano również możliwość pracy silnika w przechyłach wzdłużnych i poprzecznych w stosunku do osi pojazdu, w celu określenia zakresu kątów, dla których nastąpi zassanie oleju na stronę dolotową silnika. Ponadto, w oparciu o uzyskane wyniki, podjęto próbę wskazania najbardziej optymalnego poziomu oleju w misce olejowej silnika spalinowego.
In this article the methodology for determining the appropriate volume of oil in the sump and its influence on the operation of the engine is described. Also examined the possibility of operating the engine in the heel and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, in order to determine the range of angles for which the oil will be sucked towards the inlet of the engine. Further, based on the obtained results, it was attempted to identify the most optimum level of the oil sump of the internal combustion engine.
Źródło:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 11; 138-142
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 65.

Tytuł:: Analysis of changes of lubrication oil properties under the influence of frequent engine start-ups
Analiza zmian zachodzących w oleju silnikowym pod wpływem wielokrotnych rozruchów
Autorzy:: Ignaciuk, P.
Sarnowski, C.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243219.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
silniki spalinowe
smarowanie
olej
internal combustion engines
lubrication
oil
Opis:: The paper presents results of investigations of the TURDUS SHPD 15W/40 engine oil, which was used for the lubrication of the 4CT90 diesel engine produced by WSW Andoria, Poland. The engine was operated on the laboratory test stand prepared for the start-up investigation. Presented results are an example of the influence of the engine start-up on the degradation process of lubrication oil properties. Degradation of oil properties is a complex process. Its course is influenced by many factors like temperature, pressure, presence of oxygen, unburned fuel, water vapour, active species formed during fuel combustion, contaminations and products of wear. All these factors influence oil with various intensity, which is related to the engine operating conditions. Operational properties of engine oil can be described by indexes (parameters) such as: kinematic viscosity, viscosity index VI, total base number TBN, flash point (ignition temperature) COC, pumping temperature and pour point (solidification temperature). Changes of these parameters indicate that oil changes. During engine start-up, influence of unburned fuel and water vapour intensifies. They alter mostly ignition temperature (in this case measured in the closed pot), viscosity and density of oil. Experimental results show that in this case ignition temperature becomes the main factor influencing degradation of oil.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań oleju silnikowego marki TURDUS klasy SHPD 15W/40 użytego do smarowania silnika 4CT90 produkcji WSWANDORIA, pracującego na stanowisku badawczym do badań rozruchów. Opisane wyniki stanowią przykład wpływu rozruchu silnika na proces degradacji oleju smarującego. Proces degradacji oleju silnikowego jest procesem złożonym. Na jego przebieg wpływa wiele czynników takich jak: temperatura, ciśnienie, obecność tlenu, niespalone paliwo, para wodna, aktywne związki powstałe w wyniku reakcji spalania paliwa, zanieczyszczenia i produkty zużycia. Czynniki te oddziałują na olej z rożną intensywnością, która jest uzależniona od warunków pracy silnika. Właściwości eksploatacyjne oleju mogą być opisane przez wskaźniki (parametry) takie jak: lepkość, wskaźnik lepkości, gęstość, liczbę zasadową czy temperaturę zapłonu, temperaturę pompowalności i temperaturę krzepnięcia. Zmiany tych parametrów świadczą o zmianach zachodzących w oleju. W trakcie rozruchu silnika ze szczególna intensywnością występują oddziaływania takich czynników jak niedopalone paliwo i para wodna. Powodują one głównie zmiany temperatury zapłonu (w tym przypadku mierzonej w tyglu zamkniętym) oraz lepkości i gęstości oleju. Jak wykazały badania temperatura zapłonu jest wtedy głównym czynnikiem degradującym olej.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 195-200
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 66.

Tytuł:: Periodic changes in the intensity of wear of an automobile engine cylinder liner caused by start-up wear
Okresowe zmiany intensywności zużycia tulei cylindrowej silnika samochodowego spowodowane zużyciem rozruchowym
Autorzy:: Koszałka, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906236.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
zużycie
rozruch
internal combustion engine
wear
start-up
Opis:: The share of start-up wear in total wear of an automobile engine is large, and in the analysed case it exceeded 40%. The amount of start-up wear of engine elements strongly depends on start-up temperature: the lower temperature, the larger wear. Hence the particular significance of so-called cold start-ups, which most often are first starts of an engine on a given day. The temperature of the first start-up in ungaraged vehicles is the same as the temperature of the surroundings, and it depends on the season. This article analyses changes in mean intensity of wear of a truck engine cylinder liner associated with different temperatures of first start-up in different seasons. In the analysed case, the intensity of wear in winter was 16% higher than in the summer. Also discussed are the possible consequences of the above changes for wear intensities determined in measurements.
Udział rozruchów w całkowitym zużyciu silnika samochodowego jest duży – w analizowanym przypadku ponad 40%. Wielkość zużycia elementów silnika towarzyszącego rozruchowi silnie zależy od temperatury rozruchu: im temperatura rozruchu jest niższa, tym większe jest zużycie. W związku z tym szczególne znaczenie mają tzw. zimne rozruchy, którymi najczęściej są pierwsze uruchomienia silnika w danym dniu. Temperatura pierwszego rozruchu w przypadku niegarażowanych pojazdów równa jest temperaturze otoczenia, czyli zależy od pory roku. W artykule przeanalizowano zmiany średniej intensywności zużycia tulei cylindrowej silnika samochodu ciężarowego związane z różnymi temperaturami pierwszego rozruchu w poszczególnych porach roku. W analizowanym przypadku intensywność zużycia w okresie zimowym była o 16% większa, niż w okresie letnim. Omówiono również możliwe konsekwencje powyższych zmian dla wyznaczanych na podstawie pomiarów intensywności zużycia.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2010, 22 (94); 28-32
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 67.

Tytuł:: Investigation of exhaust emissions from the gasoline engine of a light duty vehicle in the Real Driving Emissions test
Autorzy:: Andrych-Zalewska, Monika
Chlopek, Zdzislaw
Pielecha, Jacek
Merkisz, Jerzy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200821.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
pollutant emission
RDE test
Monte Carlo method
Opis:: The article contains the research results and analysis of the processes that take place as part of a gasoline engine light duty vehicle Real Driving Emissions test. Dimensionless characteristics of exhaust emission and fuel mass consumption in the RDE test were also determined: emission intensity, particle number emission intensity, fuel mass consumption intensity. An algorithm for determining the characteristics specific distance pollutant emission, specific distance particle number and specific distance fuel mass consumption in the vehicle speed domain in the RDE test was presented using the Monte Carlo method. The determined characteristics were approximated by polynomial functions in the form of sets of points. These relationships were characterized by a large dispersion of values, which was primarily due to the fact that the random values of the averaging limits contain very different engine operating conditions.
Źródło:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2023, 25, 2; art. no. 165880
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 68.

Tytuł:: Volume contraction in the process of combustion of various fuels in combustion engines
Kontrakcja w procesie spalania różnych paliw w silniku spalinowym
Autorzy:: Worsztynowicz, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134236.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
combustion
contraction
engine fuels
silnik spalinowy
spalanie
kontrakcja
paliwa silnikowe
Opis:: The paper discusses the issues related to the change of volume of the reagents during the process of combustion. The formulas that were necessary to make the calculations were derived for liquid and gaseous fuels. Based on the formulas, theoretical calculations of the change of the kilo-mole number for various fuels depending on the mixture composition were performed. The results of the calculations were presented in the tables. Further, the influence of volume contraction on the parameters of the combustion process was analyzed. In the conclusions, a comparison of the influence of the previously described phenomena on the individual fuels was performed in relation to their chemical composition and the composition of the mixture.
W artykule poruszono zagadnienia związane ze zjawiskiem zmiany objętości reagentów podczas procesu spalania. Wyprowadzono konieczne do obliczeń wzory dla paliw ciekłych i gazowych, na podstawie których przeprowadzono teoretyczne obliczenia zmiany liczby kilomoli dla różnych paliw w zależności o składu mieszanki palnej. Wyniki obliczeń zostały przedstawione w tabelach. Następnie przeanalizowano wpływ zjawiska kontrakcji na parametry procesu spalania. We wnioskach dokonano porównania wpływu opisanych wcześniej zjawisk na poszczególne paliwa w zależności od ich składu chemicznego oraz składu mieszanki palnej.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 3; 72-78
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 69.

Tytuł:: Combustion process visualisation in rapid compression machine modelling combustion in spark ignition engines
Autorzy:: Leżański, T.
Sęczyk, J.
Wolański, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245855.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
spark ignition engines
combustion process
combustion process control
visualization of combustion process
Opis:: Mixture preparation and combustion processes in internal combustion engines are very complex and very difficult to investigate. These processes run very quickly and their parameters are changed quickly and in wide ranges. Therefore, the interpretation of measurement results is very difficult and uncertain. The visualization methods applied in the combustion researches can help to interpret the results. For many years, the visualization methods have been developed at the Aircraft Engine Department of Heat Engineering Institute of Warsaw University of Technology, in the field of combustion in engines, detonation and gas dynamics research. In these researches, different method of registration of very fast changes of combustion were applied. The combustion experiments have been performed in constant volume bomb, rapid compression machines and experimental visualisation engines. In the last case, the electronic digital camera of Photram SA 1.3 has been used. This paper refers to the experiments, which were conducted using rapid compression machine. Their goal was explanation the combustion mechanism in combustion system with semi-open combustion chamber under different parameters of this system. The obtained results show a strong influence of combustion system parameters on combustion mechanism, especially on a compression ratio and ignition timing. The strong swirls were registered at all sharp edges on combustion chamber during compression stroke. These swirls had a strong influence on the combustion system operation.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 219-226
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 70.

Tytuł:: Paliwa alternatywne - cz. 1
Autorzy:: Biernat, Krzysztof
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985938.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Nowa Energia
Tematy:: paliwa alternatywne
biopaliwa
silniki spalinowe
alternative fuels
biofuels
internal combustion engines
Opis:: Rozwój i modyfikacje napędów współczesnych silników wymagają odpowiednich paliw do tych napędów, tak aby spełnione zostały wymagania główne, określone odpowiednimi normami przedmiotowymi dla paliw konwencjonalnych oraz wymaganiami silników spalinowych wewnętrznego spalania określonymi zarówno dla paliw konwencjonalnych oraz innych nośników energii określanych jako paliwa alternatywne.
Źródło:: Nowa Energia; 2018, 4; 14-19
1899-0886
Pojawia się w:: Nowa Energia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 71.

Tytuł:: Different types of power transforming machines with rotating pistons
Autorzy:: Drogosz, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248159.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: power transforming machines
rotating pistons
internal combustion engines
pumps
hydraulic engines
Opis:: This article describes the basic principles for determining the geometry of different types of power transforming machines with rotating pistons. Those machines can be used as internal combustion engines, pumps, hydraulic engines, compressors, flowmeters, feeders etc. An attempt is made to clarify whether it is possible to construct machines with rotating pistons for more general use. Differences in description in many sources lead to problems when it comes to comparison of information coming from these sources. An analysis of the data indicates that reorganizing the basic mathematical issues would be useful. In this article we choose and describe one most convenient name and form of mathematical equation. Many other applications of the chosen form of mathematical equation ascertain proper and convenient use. This is the first time that the chosen form of mathematical equation is proposed to be used to find constructions of different types of power transforming machines with rotating pistons. The main advantage of this form of mathematical equation is the application of two main parameters: curve size parameter and dimensionless curve parameter. These two parameters decided about the convenience in changing volume of internal combustion engines and comparisons of performance characteristic of different types of power transforming machines with rotating pistons. In this paper some convenient values of parameters dimensionless curve parameter are put and discussed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 79-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 72.

Tytuł:: Zanieczyszczenia oleju smarującego oraz ich wpływ na trwałość silnika spalinowego
Contamination of oil and its influence on the durability of IC engine
Autorzy:: Niewczas, A.
Wrona, J.
Wrona, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312605.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
smarowanie
oleju smarujący
internal combustion engine
lubrication
lubricating oil
Opis:: Czynnik smarujący jest jednym z zasadniczych elementów układu smarowania silnika, który decyduje o uzyskiwanych parametrach roboczych i czasokresie użytkowania silnika spalinowego. Cieplnie i mechanicznie obciążony silnik spalinowy wymaga skutecznego smarowania węzłów ciernych i skutecznej filtracji oraz samoregeneracji oleju smarującego. Liczne i różne zanieczyszczenia czynnika smarującego mogą powodować przyspieszone zużycie silnika i skrócenie jego przebiegu eksploatacyjnego. W publikacji przedstawiono analizę wpływu zanieczyszczeń oleju smarującego na trwałość podstawowych elementów silnika spalinowego takich jak: rozrząd, mechanizm korbowo-tłokowy i komora spalania. W artykule podniesiono także problem oddziaływania niektórych czynników eksploatacyjnych na proces starzenia się oleju smarującego we współczesnym silniku spalinowym.
Lubricating medium is one of the essential elements of the engine lubrication system, which determines the obtained performance and the general working time limit of an internal combustion engine. Dynamically, thermally and mechanically loaded internal combustion engine requires efficient lubrication of friction knots as well as effective filtration and self regeneration of lubricating oil. Numerous and various kinds of lubricating oil inclusions can accelerate engine wear and reduce its assumed mileage. The paper presents the analysis of lubricating oil contamination on the durability of the basic components of the internal combustion engine such as the timing, crank-piston assembly, combustion chamber. The paper also raised the problem of the impact of some operational factors on the process of wear of the lubricating oil in the modern combustion engine.
Źródło:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2010, 11, 6
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 73.

Tytuł:: The System for estimation parameters of internal combustion engine in the road test
Autorzy:: Mamala, J.
Brol, S.
Bieniek, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242285.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
road test
system of data transmission CAN BUS
Opis:: Current internal combustion engine technology for road vehicles allows us to meet the existing and planned future standards for emission. However, the motion of a moving vehicle used in real operating conditions is frequent changes of the values of power in the powertrain. The analysis of the results of the road test through a measurement of parameters of engine in a passenger car proves, that the changes of parameters engine are frequent. The paper presents method measurement parameters form system of data transmission CAN BUS and estimation is performed using measurement accelerometer car's chassis of parameters internal combustion engine determined on road test. Estimation of main parameters of internal combustion engine is made with use of measured quantities such as: car mass and acceleration collected in function of vehicle linear velocity. The most essential problems in this approach, considered as primary method errors, are minimization of underestimation of moment of inertia of rotating elements in drivetrain and efficiency of drivetrain itself. Moreover it is vital to determine as precise as possible vehicle acceleration and its linear velocity in presence of disturbances - mainly chassis movements and additional accelerations, which comes from pavement unevenness (roughness). In this article application of several sensors of different quantities for increase of accuracy of PAAF 2 (Power Acceleration And Force) device in relation to prototype device predecessor is taken into consideration.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 279-286
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 74.

Tytuł:: Verification of the precise position of the aircraft in air navigation based on the solution of the RTK-OTF technique
Autorzy:: Kowalski, M.
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242780.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
Diesel engine
engine piston
composite alloy
thermal stability
Opis:: Certain results of the comparative studies of the high-speed Diesel engine V-12 of the “W” series were presented in the article. The engine was modernised in regard of possibilities to achieve better performances at specific fuel consumption, smaller exhaust emission, smaller scavenge, lower noise and better thermal stability. The subject of this work is the piston cast of novel composite silumin. The development of novel composite silumin (aluminium-silicon alloy), which contains a little more Copper and Nickel, and the introduction of novel alloyed elements, such as Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, increases the strength of the alloy and its thermal stability during successive heating and cooling. The pistons made of this alloy may have a little bigger outside diameter than the pistons made of PA-12 standard alloy, and a smaller clearance between the piston and cylinder liner. The pistons made of standard and novel alloy were mounted successively in the "W" engine. The full load and part load curves were determined. The lubrication oil consumption, fuel consumption, exhaust emission, blow-by and noise were determined too. The article presents the results of the above-mentioned research. The novel composite alloy enables further engine modernization because the engine should operate at higher pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 99-108
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 75.

Tytuł:: Research performance of novel design of diesel engine
Autorzy:: Kowalski, M.
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949487.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
Diesel engine
engine piston
composite alloy
thermal stability
Opis:: Certain results of the comparative studies of the high-speed Diesel engine V-12 of the “W” series were presented in the article. The engine was modernised in regard of possibilities to achieve better performances at specific fuel consumption, smaller exhaust emission, smaller scavenge, lower noise and better thermal stability. The subject of this work is the piston cast of novel composite silumin. The development of novel composite silumin (aluminium-silicon alloy), which contains a little more Copper and Nickel, and the introduction of novel alloyed elements, such as Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, increases the strength of the alloy and its thermal stability during successive heating and cooling. The pistons made of this alloy may have a little bigger outside diameter than the pistons made of PA-12 standard alloy, and a smaller clearance between the piston and cylinder liner. The pistons made of standard and novel alloy were mounted successively in the "W" engine. The full load and part load curves were determined. The lubrication oil consumption, fuel consumption, exhaust emission, blow-by and noise were determined too. The article presents the results of the above-mentioned research. The novel composite alloy enables further engine modernization because the engine should operate at higher pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 99-108
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 76.

Tytuł:: Fuelling compression ignition engine by mineral diesel fuel mixture with synthetic hydrocarbons
Zasilanie silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym mieszaninami mineralnego oleju napędowego z syntetycznymi węglowodorami
Autorzy:: Lotko, W.
Łodygowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1363395.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: biofuel
synthetic fuel
internal combustion engine
biopaliwa
paliwa syntetyczne
silniki spalinowe
Opis:: This article presents aspects related to usage of prospective bio-mixture, which consists of mineral diesel fuel and synthetic hydrocarbons, as a new component of fuel, in order to fulfill the requirements of the National Index Target. Research on the new formula of the fuel was conducted on new-generation, compression ignition engine quipped with common rail fuel injection. Research was conducted in conditions of external velocity performance analysis specifications for defined rotational speed of crankshaft and at full load. Two mixtures of fuel consisting of 5% and 10% (vol/vol) synthetic hydrocarbons were used in the experiment. Synthetic fuel is a result of catalytic conversion of bio-ethanol into hydrocarbons mixture which is realized according to ETG technology. The resultant oil fraction is a mixture of hydrocarbons which mix at any ratio with petroleum hydrocarbons, entirely free of benzene, alcohols, sulfur, phosphorus and metals. The aim of performing the ecological analysis of the compression ignition engine running on fuel with synthetic addition, was registering the concentration of toxic exhaust (among others HC, CO, NO_x) and gases regarded as greenhouse gases (CO₂) during the study. Fuels with synthetic addition were found to be less damaging to the environment in comparison to conventional ones, while increasing engine power.
W artykule przedstawione zostały zagadnienia związane z zastosowaniem perspektywicznej biomieszaniny składającej się z mineralnego oleju napędowego oraz syntetycznych węglowodorów, jako nowego składnika paliw motorowych, celem spełnienia wymagań NCW (Narodowy Cel Wskaźnikowy). Badania nad nową formułą paliwa zostały zrealizowane na nowej generacji silniku o zapłonie samoczynnym wyposażonym w zasobnikowy układ zasilania typu common rail. Badania wykonane były w warunkach prędkościowych charakterystyk zewnętrznych dla określonych wartości prędkości obrotowych wału korbowego i pełnych obciążeń. W eksperymencie użyto dwóch mieszanin paliwa zawierającego 5% oraz 10% (vol/vol) węglowodorów syntetycznych. Paliwo syntetyczne jest wynikiem procesu katalitycznej konwersji bioetanolu do mieszaniny węglowodorów, realizowanego według technologii ETG. Otrzymana frakcja olejowa jest mieszaniną węglowodorów mieszającą się w dowolnym stosunku z węglowodorami ropopochodnymi, całkowicie pozbawioną benzenu, alkoholi, siarki, fosforu i metali. Celem dokonania analizy ekologicznej silnika spalinowego o zapłonie samoczynnym zasilanym paliwem z dodatkiem syntetycznym podczas badań było rejestrowane stężenie toksycznych składników spalin (m. in. HC, CO, NO_x) oraz gazów uznawanych za cieplarniane (CO₂). Wykazano, że paliwa z dodatkiem syntetycznym cechują się mniejszą degradacją środowiska przy jednoczesnym wzroście mocy silnika w stosunku do zastosowania konwencjonalnych paliw.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2017, 75, 1; 93-103
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 77.

Tytuł:: The method of measurement of thermal deformation piston. Analysis of measurement error
Metoda pomiaru odkształceń cieplnych tłoka. Analiza błędu pomiaru
Autorzy:: Mitukiewicz, G.
Pawelski, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365080.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: amortyzator pneumatyczny
odzysk energii
turbogenerator
internal combustion engines
pistons
thermal loading
Opis:: At the Department of Vehicle and Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering of Technical University of Lodz the test rig was built to measure the thermal deformation of the piston. The article shows how to measure thermal deformations of the piston on this rig. For the measurement were used laser sensors for distance measurement, which measure the distance from the object to the sensor with a resolution of 4[mu]m. The piston expands during heating and it resuting as a reduction in the distance between the sensor and the piston. The changes of geometric dimensions of the piston was determined using the geometrical dependence. The temperature of the piston was measured with 4 thermocouples placed near the piston crown. Distance measurements were mesured simultaneously on two axes: the Axis perpendicular to the crown. Distance measurements were mesured simultaneously on two axes: the axis perpendicular to the axis of piston pin and the piston pin axis. A research position with the burner used to heat the piston and the temperature stabilization system were described. Specially designed burner was powered by propane gas. To ensure proper conditions for combustion of gas in addition to the mixer is fed compressed air. By adjusting the expense of gas and air could affect on the flame temperature. Temperature stabilization system allowed to maintain a constant coolant temperature of 62 [degrees]C. In the second part of the article presents the analysis undertaken, the systematic error of measurement and statistical processing of the preliminary results of measurements on this test rig.
W artykule dokonano oceny możliwości odzyskiwania części energii drgań pojazdu. Jedną z potencjalnych możliwości, jest wykorzystanie ciśnienia płynu w amortyzatorze do napędu turbogeneratora zasilającego akumulator. Interesujące wydaje się zastosowanie amortyzatorów pneumatycznych, z uwagi na możliwość bezpośredniego wyprowadzenia rozprężanego powietrza do atmosfery - co może ułatwiać konstrukcje układu odzyskującego energię. Celem przedstawianych w artykule badań jest ocena możliwości odzyskania energii z amortyzatora pneumatycznego, bez pogarszania poziomu tłumaczenia drgań, jaki zapewniają amortyzatory hydrauliczne. W artykule zamieszczono schemat proponowanego amortyzatora pneumatycznego, jego model matematyczny, wyniki obliczeń narastania ciśnienia w amortyzatorze w funkcji przemieszczenia jego tłoka, dla różnych prędkości tłoka. Porównano charakterystyki amortyzatorów: hydraulicznego i pneumatycznego z odzyskiwaniem energii. Zaprezentowano też model koła i związanej z nim masy samochodu. Przy użyciu tego modelu wykonano symulacje ruchu koła i masy samochodu dla zadanej prędkości ruchu pojazdu. Opracowano także model nierówności drogi. Przy pomocy wspomnianych modeli obliczono energię odzyskiwaną na drodze 1 km podczas ruchu pojazdu osobowego.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2011, 2; 41-58
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 78.

Tytuł:: The analysis of heating process of catalytic converter using thermo-vision
Analiza procesu nagrzewania reaktora katalitycznego przy użyciu termowizji
Autorzy:: Worsztynowicz, B.
Uhryński, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134003.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
catalytic converter
thermovision
silnik spalinowy
reaktor katalityczny
termowizja
Opis:: The article tackles the issues related to a process of heating of three way catalytic converter during the cold start and the heating of the spark ignition engine. The measurements on the test bench were performed, taking into consideration how engine works directly after the start, on the idle speed and under the load, during which the temperature of the exhaust gases in the exhaust system and coolant on the cylinder head were measured. At the same time the track of the heat state of the catalytic converter was monitored using thermo-vision camera. The results of the measurements were presented as charts and selected thermo-grams, qualitatively representing the issue of heating of the catalytic converter.
W artykule omówiono zagadnienia związane z procesem nagrzewania trójfunkcyjnego reaktora katalitycznego podczas zimnego rozruchu i nagrzewania silnika spalinowego ZI. Przeprowadzono pomiary na stanowisku hamowni, uwzględniając pracę silnika bezpośrednio po rozruchu, na biegu jałowym oraz obciążonego, w czasie których mierzono temperaturę spalin w układzie wylotowym i cieczy w głowicy silnika, równocześnie prowadząc zapis stanu cieplnego reaktora katalitycznego przy użyciu kamery termowizyjnej. Wyniki pomiarów przedstawiono w postaci wykresów oraz wybranych termogramów, obrazujących jakościowo zagadnienie nagrzewania się reaktora katalitycznego.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 41-51
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 79.

Tytuł:: High compression spark ignition engine with variable compression ratio using Active Combustion Chamber
Autorzy:: Kubiak, Przemysław
Glogowski, Michal
Soghabatyan, Tigran
Mrowicki, Adam
D'Errico, Gianluca
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263279.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
theoretical cycle
variable compression ratio
additional volume
active combustion chamber
Opis:: Abstract In this article Authors present the continuation of the calculations for theoretical ACC engine cycle, considering additionally “VCR function” – changeable compression level. For this purpose the self-acting volume change, realized by ACC system, was used. The ACC system was adjusted appropriately to control the compression level. The analysis is based on three cases, representing delayed, premature and optimal reaction of ACC system. Reactions are presented in form of plots with indicated pressure in the combustion chamber. As the result of the conducted analysis and interpretation of obtained graphs, the calculation approach of compression ratio for ACC presented in previous article is being challenged. For the optimal reaction of ACC system, the theoretical operation schematics are devised and presented in the key points of the work. Based on the schematics, the values of theoretical efficiency were calculated for different cycles of theoretical ACC engine, in which regulation of compression ratio takes place. Moreover, the presented analysis includes graphs with optimal courses of indicated pressure for significantly different work parameters of ACC engine, showing its regulation possibilities. Also the time scaled graphs (with millisecond as basic time unit) are presented to show the possibilities of dynamic ACC systems, which are comparable with the combustion time (from 3 to 0,5 ms). In this paper the general discussion is started about the compression ratio in more complex kinematic systems including ACC.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2019, 86, 4; 5-26
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 80.

Tytuł:: Zastosowanie paliwa biogazowego w transporcie publicznym w celu zmniejszenia zanieczyszczenia środowiska w strefach chronionych ekologicznie
The use of biogas fuel in public transport to reduce pollution in environmentally sensitive areas
Autorzy:: Chłopek, Z.
Szczepański, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400420.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: silniki spalinowe
biogaz
emisja zanieczyszczeń
internal combustion engines
biogas
pollutant emission
Opis:: W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań emisji zanieczyszczeń z silników zasilanych paliwem biogazowym, stosowanych w komunikacji miejskiej. Paliwo biogazowe pochodzi z przetwarzania biogazu, powstającego przede wszystkim z utylizacji odpadów i produktów ubocznych, może być zatem zaliczone do biopaliw drugiej generacji. Wyniki badań w procedurach homologacyjnych porównano z limitami emisji jednostkowej zanieczyszczeń EEV (ang. Enhanced Environmental Friendly Vehicles - pojazdy przyjazne dla środowiska naturalnego). Oceniono korzyści ekologiczne zasilania silników autobusowych paliwem biogazowym. Stwierdzono, że zastosowanie paliwa biogazowego do zasilania autobusów jest jednym z najbardziej ekologicznych rozwiązań w komunikacji miejskiej w centrach wielkich aglomeracji miejskich oraz w strefach chronionych ekologicznie ze względu na walory uzdrowiskowe i kulturowe.
This paper presents the results of pollutant emission tests from engines supplied with biogas fuel used in transportation. Biogas fuel from biogas, resulting primarily from the disposal of waste and by-products can thus be classified as second generation biofuels. The results of the approval procedures compared with the limits for pollutants emission EEV (Enhanced Environmental Friendly Vehicles - vehicles environmentally friendly). Assessed the environmental benefits of bus engines, supplied biogas fuel. It was found that the use of biogas fuel to supply the bus is one of the most sustainable solutions for public transport in major urban centers and areas environmentally protected because of its health and culture.
Źródło:: Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2012, 30; 27-35
2081-139X
2392-0629
Pojawia się w:: Inżynieria Ekologiczna
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 81.

Tytuł:: Model of hydraulic single-acting driye for valves of internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Smoczyński, M.
Szydłowski, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246097.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
simulation
internal combustion engines
hydraulic drive
camless valve drive
Opis:: This paper shows the conception and the model of hydraulic single-acting valve drive for internal combustion engines. This drive should give free control for valve lift, valve opening and valve closing time. It consists of parts: electric control valve and hydraulic actuator, whose piston is connected with engine valve and return spring. One of the basic components of high pressure HEUI injector for the Diesel engine - electric valve with solenoid was chosen as electric control valve. Principle of operation, physical and mathematical model of this drive is to be presented in this paper. Presented model consists of electrical, mechanical and hydraulic subsystems: slide of control valve with solenoid coil, power piston of hydraulic actuator with return spring and hydraulic components. Describe the dynamic behaviour of the solenoid was based on non-linear magnetic circuit model. Movement of valve slide and power piston of actuator was based on the motion equation. Description of hydraulic subsystems was based of one-dimensional, compressible flow model. After full system identification basic parameters of this drive (like supply oil pressure or valve lift) will be calculated and analyzed for better load exchange in internal combustion engines.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 465-472
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 82.

Tytuł:: Simple tank-to-wheels analysis tool for future vehicle powertrains
Autorzy:: Vavra, J.
Macek, J.
Takats, M.
Cerovsky, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243520.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: vehicle powertrain efficiency
internal combustion engine
fuel cells
simulation
driving cycle
Opis:: The future powertrains have to be properly assessed in early stages of vehicle design using simple and fast but reliable tools. The aim of the paper is to develop a simulation tool suitable for any of current transient cycles for finding of upper limits of tank-to-wheel efficiencies of recent or future vehicle powertrains in different concepts of vehicles to assess their potential, to find gaps between the state-of-the-art and to find ways to bridge them. The simulation philosophy and procedure may be described in the following steps. The testing cycle power demands on vehicle movement are analyzed and the optimum operation efficiency of a primary mover (engine, fuel cell, electric motor) is assigned to them. Dynamic torques at powertrain are accounted for. Speed, speed slip (driving machine/wheels) and load dependencies of transmission efficiency are simulated by simple models. In the case of a hybrid solution, charging and discharging efficiencies of energy accumulators and additional losses (e.g., in converters and inverters) are considered. The clear modular structure of the simulation tool enables the researcher to amend new features of powertrain components. The links to more detailed simulation tools are prepared. The simulation tool is described by regression and algebraic models (based on the results of higher level simulation tools) in a way giving immediate response during sensitivity analysis. The examples of tool calibration for different powertrains and results comparing powertrain potential are presented for lower medium class passenger car. The current simulation tool creates a useful link between detailed and accurate but CPU time demanding 1-D tools, based on partial differential equations, and rules-of-thumb, used sometimes for initial potential assessments. Moreover, the described tool does not require detailed data on the powertrain during early stage of design but it shows its potential for further development.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 525-534
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 83.

Tytuł:: Performance evaluation of a single cylinder compressed air engine: an experimental study
Autorzy:: Hanan, Ahmad
Feroze, Tariq
Arif, Awais
Iftikhar, Hasan
Khan, Afzaal A.
Javaid, Sarmad
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105994.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
compressed air engine
engine analysis
single cylinder engine
Opis:: The quest to reduce dangerous environmental emissions has led to the research and use of alternate and renewable energy sources. One of the major contributors to the dangerous environmental emissions is the automotive industry. The world is, therefore, quickly moving towards hybrid and electric vehicles. An alternate pollution-free automotive engine is a compressed-air engine, which is powered by compressed air and is more efficient than the electric engine since it requires less charging time than a traditional battery-operated engine. Furthermore, the tanks used in compressed-air engines have a longer lifespan in comparison to the batteries used in electric vehicles. However, extensive research is required to make this engine viable for commercial use. The current study is a step forward in this direction and shows the performance analysis of a single-cylinder compressed-air engine, developed from a four-stroke, single-cylinder, 70 cc gasoline engine. The results show that compressed-air engines are economic, environmental friendly and efficient.
Źródło:: Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2022, 16, 2; 119--123
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:: Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 84.

Tytuł:: Moment obrotowy, godzinowe zużycie paliwa oraz temperatura spalin jako parametry diagnostyczne silnika spalinowego o zapłonie samoczynnym pracującego w warunkach stacjonarnych
Engine Torque, Fuel Consumption Per Hour and Exhaust Gas Temperature as Diesel Engine Diagnostic Parameters under Stationary Conditions
Autorzy:: Kupicz, W.
Ogrodnik, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/136793.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
Tematy:: metody diagnostyczne
diagnozowanie silników spalinowych
diagnostic methods
diagnosing internal combustion engines
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono propozycję metody diagnozowania silnika spalinowego o zapłonie samoczynnym, pracującego w warunkach stacjonarnych. Parametrami diagnostycznymi są: moment obrotowy, godzinowe zużycie paliwa oraz temperatura spalin. Badania prowadzone były na hamowni silnikowej na silniku zdatnym oraz po wprowadzeniu wybranych uszkodzeń. Opracowano model diagnostyczny i algorytmy diagnozowania.
The method of state control and engine damage localization of internal combustion engine working under stationary conditions has been developed on the basis of research results. The diagnostic parameters have been selected from the characteristics of engine torque, fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature. The presented results of research and their analysis refer to engine working at full load – on the power and torque curve. The operation of engines powering firefighting equipment like auto and motor pumps and also generators occur in the range of partial load. Therefore it is possible to develop a diagnostic multidimensional matrix to a function of rotation speed and engine load. The values of fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature can be used as diagnostic parameters. The torque, calculated on the basis of the operational parameters of pump (pressure and intensity of circulation) or generator (voltage and electric current), may be used as load measure.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej; 2012, 44; 55-66
0239-5223
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 85.

Tytuł:: Modeling of vibration signal for reciprocating engine diagnostics
Modelowanie sygnału drgań silnika spalinowego dla potrzeb diagnostyki
Autorzy:: Komorska, I.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328097.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
model diagnostyczny
drgania
internal combustion engine
diagnostic model
vibrations
Opis:: Vibration signal of the reciprocating engine may be described in several ways depend on the diagnostic purpose. For detecting non-uniform cylinder operation, for instance, lower harmonics of shaft vibration are interested. Then the signal can be assumed as stationary, ergodic and harmonic and may be expressed as a Fourier series. Assuming that transients are statistically independent some vibrations can be modeled as periodic transients, for instance piston slap. Transients may overlap each other and are buried in additive noise. Then the statistical methods are useful like periodically time-varying autoregressive model. In the paper different approaches to modeling of engine vibration signal are proposed. Particular methods of signal describing are dedicated to diagnostics of different components or processes of the reciprocating engine. Described diagnostic model propositions are illustrated by examples of four stroke spark ignition engine.
Sygnał drgań silnika spalinowego może być opisywany na wiele różnych sposobów w zależności od diagnozowanego podzespołu lub procesu. W celu obserwacji nierównomiernej pracy cylindrów, na przykład, monitorowanych jest kilka harmonicznych, czyli niskie częstotliwości sygnału. W takim przypadku sygnał może być opisany w postaci szeregu Fouriera. W innym przypadku, zakładając że odpowiedzi systemu na różne wymuszenia jednostkowe, jak zamykanie zaworów lub zwrot tłoka w cylindrze występują niezależnie i w ustalonej kolejności, drgania można opisać jako ciąg drgań przejściowych. Często jednak jest to sygnał zaszumiony, a drgania zachodzą na siebie. Wtedy użyteczne okazują się statystyczne modele, jak opisany w artykule model autoregresyjny ze zmiennymi w czasie współczynnikami. Wymienione wyżej metody modelowania zostały opisane w artykule w zastosowaniu do silnika czterocylindrowego o zapłonie iskrowym.
Źródło:: Diagnostyka; 2009, 2(50); 23-26
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:: Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 86.

Tytuł:: Research of pollutant emissions from automotive internal combustion engines in conditions corresponding to the actual use of vehicles
Autorzy:: Andrych-Zalewska, Monika
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202464.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: pollutant emission
vehicles
internal combustion engines
emisja zanieczyszczeń
pojazdy
silniki spalinowe
Opis:: The subject of the article is the study of pollutant emissions from automotive combustion engines that operate in conditions corresponding to the actual use of vehicles. Includes information on the properties of exhaust gas parameters characterizing the following features: energy, economic, environmental impact and serviceability, additional and constant. Reference was also made to the possibility of determining driving tests on the basis of the similarity of the frequency characteristics of the speed processes in both driving tests and in the real use of vehicles. The article presents the results of research on pollutant emissions from a passenger car during the RDE test. The emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and carbon dioxide, as well as the number of particulate matter, were examined. The process of pollutant emission intensity and particle number intensity was presented. Tests were carried out on the statistical properties of the car speed, the intensity of pollutant emissions, and the intensity of the number of particulate matter. Correlation studies were carried out on the speed of the vehicle, the intensity of pollutant emissions, and the intensity of the number of particulate matter.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2023, 62, 2; 64--70
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Numerical analysis of the impact of EGR on the knock limit in SI test engine
Numeryczna analiza wplywu EGR na granice spalania stukowego w badawczym silniku spalinowym
Autorzy:: Tutak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/793724.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
thermal cycle
modelling
combustion
exhaust gas recirculation
knock limit
numerical analysis
Źródło:: Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2011, 11
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:: Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 88.

Tytuł:: Investigating the effects of laser stellite pad welding on the service properties of valve steels
Autorzy:: Bogdanowicz, Z.
Grzelak, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246197.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
exhaust valve
laser pad welding
surface layer
service proprieties
Opis:: In the work the results of tests on 50H21G9N4 and H9S2 valve steels with pad welded stellite layers are presented. Basic properties such as tribological and erosion resistance as well as high temperature oxidation resistance were determined. Testing conditions were accepted with certain simplification owing to the complexity oj mechanical and thermal load exhaust valves and, therefore, they do not reflect real operating conditions accurately. Specimens with and without laser, plasma and TIG pad welded stellite layers were subject to tests. The conducted tests showed the highest tribological resistance of stellite layers under the conditions of dry friction in comparison with the material in the initial state as well as plasma and TIG pad welded stellite layers. The main mechanism of the abrasive wear of the surface layer is an adhesive wear by breaking the connections and adhesions that are being formed. The research on wear by abrasive erosion showed a smaller decrease in the mass of specimens with pad welded stellite layers in comparison with plasma and TIG pad welded stellite layers as well as the material in the initial form without the pad welded stellite layer. The resistance of stellite layers to high temperature oxidation was showed in the research on heat resistance. Moreover, it was found that pad welding does not have any significant influence on the heat resistance of stellite layers.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 41-50
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 89.

Tytuł:: Problemy eksploatacyjne silników produkcji zakładów „Zvezda” w Marynarce Wojennej RP
Operational problems engine production plant "Zvezda" in the Polish Navy
Autorzy:: Lus, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/222384.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2004
Wydawca:: Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
Tematy:: marynarka wojenna
silniki spalinowe
jednostki pływające
Polish Navy
internal combustion engines
craft
Opis:: W pracy zostały przedstawione uwarunkowania eksploatacji i doświadczenia z użytkowania na okrętach Marynarki Wojennej RP dwóch rodzin silników produkcji zakładów „Zvezda”. Zostały również zaprezentowane tendencje rozwojowe, podstawowe parametry techniczne oraz kilka przykładów uszkodzeń i niesprawności tych silników.
The paper presents the conditions of exploitation and experience gained from using two families of „Zvezda” engines in the Polish Navy ships. It also includes the development trends, basic technical parameters and a few examples of break-downs and failures of these engines.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej; 2004, R. 45 nr 2 (157), 2 (157); 85-96
0860-889X
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 90.

Tytuł:: Inverse problem of selection of the theoretical cycle for the real cycle of internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Żmudka, Zbigniew
Postrzednik, Stefan
Przybyła, Grzegorz
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241593.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
real cycle
theoretic cycle
heat distribution number
reconciliation algorithm
Opis:: The effectiveness of work of an internal combustion engine can be assessed by means of the energy efficiency: theoretical, internal and effective... In the problem regarding the efficiency of obtaining a work from the tested SI engine, the theoretical Seiliger-Sabathe cycle was adopted as a reference model for the real engine cycle. For comparison, the OTTO cycle was also analysed. The engine indicating allows direct determination only of internal work. However, determining the work of the theoretical cycle first requires solving the problem of selecting the parameters of the theoretical cycle, according to the real cycle of the engine (inverse problem). In order uniquely to determine the course of the theoretical Seiliger-Sabathe cycle, it is necessary to determine the parameters of the starting point and the heat distribution number. The selection of the theoretical cycle for the real cycle, within the scope of determining the number of heat distribution, is to some extent of a contractual nature. Therefore, the problem of determining the number of heat distribution was solved by two own original methods. A comparison of the real cycle with the theoretical cycle determined for it is presented.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 2; 197-204
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Vibration based diagnosis of internal combustion engine valve faults
Diagnozowanie uszkodzeń zaworów silnika spalinowego na podstawie analizy drgań
Autorzy:: Łazarz, B.
Madej, H.
Peruń, G.
Stanik, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328085.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
uszkodzenie
zawór
diagnostyka drganiowa
internal combustion engine
fault
diagnostics
valve
Opis:: Internal combustion (IC) engine is classical rotating machine that must be operated under various conditions. Sound and vibration signal of IC engine often give much dynamic information of mechanical system condition. Vibration and angular velocity of crankshaft signal on Ford Fiesta engine 1,3 dm3 were used for the tests. The tests were carried out in Bosch FLA 203 roller bench. The sampling frequency was 25 kHz and during data acquisition process, the rotating speed of the engine was kept at a constant rpm and at run up condition. The energy state of the pistons and the connecting rods is determined by the mean angular speed and the angular positions of the crankshaft. Changes in the pressure in cylinder caused by compression faults or misfire will affect directly the instantaneous angular speed of the crankshaft and vibration energy. In this paper engine exhaust valve fault and its influence over the instantaneous angular speed waveform and vibration of engine head is presented. Engine position sensor is one of part of the IC engine control system, thus an instantaneous angular speed based fault detection system does not require additional sensors. It can be seen from example of the present paper, when the valve worked abnormally, the vibration energy is moved forward towards the high frequency region (larger than 8 kHz).
Silniki spalinowe są klasycznymi maszynami wirującymi pracującymi w zmiennych warunkach obciążenia i prędkości obrotowych. Drgania i hałas silnika spalinowego są nośnikiem informacji o stanie jego podzespołów mechanicznych. Podczas prezentowanych badań, których obiektem był silnik samochodu osobowego Ford Fiesta o pojemności 1,3 dm3, rejestrowano przyspieszenia drgań głowicy oraz prędkość obrotową wału korbowego. Badania przeprowadzono na hamowni podwoziowej FLA203 firmy Bosch. Częstotliwość próbkowania sygnałów drgań i prędkości obrotowej wynosiła 25 kHz. Badania przeprowadzono w warunkach ustalonej prędkości obrotowej oraz podczas rozbiegu. Energia sygnału drganiowego generowanego w układzie tłokowo-korbowym zależy od średniej prędkości obrotowej oraz położenia kątowego wału korbowego. Uszkodzenia mechaniczne mające wpływ na ciśnienie sprężania oraz zjawisko wypadania zapłonów wywołują chwilowe zmiany prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego i chwilowej gęstości widmowej energii sygnału drgań. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu określenie wpływu symulowanego lokalnego uszkodzenia zaworu wylotowego na zmianę chwilowej prędkości obrotowej i charakterystyk widmowych drgań głowicy. Do pomiaru chwilowej prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego wykorzystano czujnik indukcyjny, stanowiący osprzęt silnika. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że w przypadku pracy silnika z uszkodzonym zaworem wylotowym następuje widoczne przesunięcie energii drgań w kierunku wyższych częstotliwości (powyżej 8 kHz).
Źródło:: Diagnostyka; 2009, 2(50); 13-18
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:: Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 92.

Tytuł:: Tłokowe silniki spalinowe zasilane wodorem – wyzwania
Hydrogen fuelled Internal combustion engines – challenges
Autorzy:: Stępień, Zbigniew
Urzędowska, Wiesława
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143412.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:: tłokowe silniki spalinowe
wodór jako paliwo do silników spalinowych
wyzwania
perspektywy rozwoju
internal combustion engines
hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines
challenges
prospects for development
Opis:: W artykule opisano potencjał wodoru jako kluczowego nośnika energii w przyszłości. Wskazano przy tym, że spośród znanych paliw alternatywnych wodór stanowi najlepsze rozwiązanie w zakresie ograniczenia lub nawet całkowitego wyeliminowania niebezpiecznych emisji, w tym GHG z pojazdów. Dlatego wodór jest powszechnie postrzegany jako perspektywiczne, zrównoważone paliwo, i to zarówno do zasilania tłokowych silników spalinowych, jak i ogniw paliwowych. Ze względu na zaawansowany rozwój tłokowych silników spalinowych i ich szeroką dostępność mogą one pełnić rolę technologii pomostowej dla szerokiego rozpowszechnienia wodoru jako paliwa. W konsekwencji tłokowy silnik spalinowy zasilany wodorem może stanowić technologię przejściową wykorzystywaną jako napęd różnego typu pojazdów samochodowych, a w szczególności ciężarowych. W dalszej części artykułu szeroko opisano wyzwania, jakie w dalszym ciągu pozostają do rozwiązania, aby zasilane wodorem silniki spalinowe stały się konkurencyjną alternatywą zarówno dla silników napędzanych paliwami węglowodorowymi, jak i napędów elektrycznych. Wyzwania te podzielono na pięć obszarów. W każdym z nich opisano problemy techniczne, konstrukcyjne i materiałowe wymagające dalszych badań i poszukiwania rozwiązań bądź doskonalenia stosowanych już środków zaradczych. W pierwszym obszarze zwrócono uwagę na szkodliwe oddziaływanie wodoru na metale i ich stopy oraz inne materiały. Dyfuzja cząsteczek wodoru w głąb materiału powoduje zmiany w strukturze, a następnie może prowadzić do tzw. kruchości wodorowej, wynikających stąd mikropęknięć wewnątrz materiałów i tzw. korozji wodorowej. Ponadto bardzo niska smarność wodoru powoduje przedwczesne zużycie elementów współpracujących ze sobą, jak zawory dolotowe i przylgnie gniazd zaworowych silnika, iglice wtryskiwaczy i ich gniazda. W drugim obszarze opisano potrzebę dalszej optymalizacji procesów zasilania wodorem, jego zapłonu oraz strategii procesu spalania. Wynika to z konieczności przeciwdziałania przedwczesnemu zapłonowi paliwa i zapobiegania procesom nienormalnego spalania. W trzecim obszarze opisano problemy związane z konstrukcyjnym adaptowaniem i optymalizacją głowic cylindrowych. Jest to wymagane dla ich dostosowania do silników zasilanych wodorem. W głowicach tych muszą być umieszczone wtryskiwacze (wtrysk typu DI) o zwiększonej, w porównaniu z konwencjonalnymi silnikami, wydajności i odpowiednio ukształtowane (zoptymalizowane pod kątem większego odprowadzenia ciepła) kanały płynu chłodzącego. Zwrócono też uwagę na inne elementy konstrukcyjne silnika i systemy współdziałające z silnikiem, które muszą być dostosowane w przypadku zasilania wodorem. W czwartym obszarze przedstawiono wyzwania związane z dalszą optymalizacją wielokrotnego, precyzyjnie sterowanego bezpośredniego wtrysku wodoru do silnika. Piąty, ostatni obszar dotyczył układu smarowania silnika i oleju smarowego. Wskazano na odmiennie przebiegający proces stopniowej utraty właściwości smarnych oleju w porównaniu do oleju smarowego eksploatowanego w silnikach spalinowych zasilanych paliwami konwencjonalnymi. W przypadku silników spalinowych zasilanych wodorem olej smarowy jest szybko rozcieńczany dużą ilością wody przedostająca się do niego z procesu spalania wodoru. Ponadto możliwość jego przedostawania się do komór spalania silnika w powiązaniu z tendencją do tworzenia się osadów na powierzchniach komór spalania tworzy zagrożenie powstawania tzw. hot spots, a zatem miejsc powodujących inicjowanie nienormalnego procesu spalania.
The article describes the potential of hydrogen as a key energy carrier of the future. It points out that among the known alternative fuels, hydrogen is the best solution for reducing or even completely eliminating hazardous emissions, including GHG from vehicles. Therefore, hydrogen is widely seen as a promising sustainable fuel, for powering both internal combustion engines and fuel cells. Due to the advanced development of internal combustion engines and their wide availability, they can act as a bridging technology for the widespread adoption of hydrogen as a fuel. Consequently, the hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engine could be an intermediate technology for use as a propulsion system for various types of motor vehicles, particularly heavy trucks. The remainder of this article broadly describes the challenges that still need to be addressed for hydrogen-powered internal combustion engines to become a competitive alternative to both hydrocarbon-fuelled engines and battery electric vehicles. These challenges are divided into five areas. Each of them describes technical, constructional and material problems that require further research and the search for solutions or improvement of already applied countermeasures. The first area focuses on the harmful effects of hydrogen on metals and their alloys and other materials. The diffusion of hydrogen molecules deep into the material causes changes in the structure and can then lead to so-called hydrogen embrittlement resulting in microcracks inside the materials and so-called hydrogen corrosion. In addition, the very low lubricity of hydrogen causes premature wear of mating components such as engine intake valves and valve seats, injector needles and their seats. The second area describes the need for further optimisation of hydrogen supply, ignition and combustion strategies. This is due to the need to prevent premature ignition of fuel and to prevent abnormal combustion processes. The third area describes problems related to the structural adaptation and optimisation of cylinder heads. This is required for their adaptation to hydrogen-fuelled engines. These heads must incorporate injectors (DI injection) with improved performance compared to conventional engines and appropriately shaped (optimised for greater heat dissipation) coolant passages. Attention is also drawn to other engine components and systems that must be adapted for hydrogen operation. The fourth area presented challenges to further optimise multiple, precisely controlled direct hydrogen injection into the engine. The fifth and final area focused on the engine lubrication system and lubricating oil. A different process of gradual loss of lubricating properties of oil was indicated in comparison to lubricating oil used in internal combustion engines fuelled with conventional fuels. In the case of hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engines, the lubricating oil is quickly diluted by large amounts of water entering it from the hydrogen combustion process. In addition, the possibility of its penetration into the combustion chambers of the engine, combined with the tendency to form deposits on the surfaces of the combustion chambers, creates the risk of the formation of so-called "hot spots", i.e. places causing the initiation of abnormal combustion processes.
Źródło:: Nafta-Gaz; 2021, 77, 12; 830-840
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:: Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 93.

Tytuł:: Wpływ spalania stukowego na obciążenie układu korbowo-tłokowego z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania MSC ADAMS
Knocking combustion influence on the load of the piston-crank system using MSC ADAMS software
Autorzy:: Biały, M.
Wendeker, M.
Szlachetka, M.
Magryta, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134138.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: spalanie stukowe
paliwo gazowe
wodór
silnik spalinowy
knocking combustion
fuel gaseous
hydrogen
internal combustion engine
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono wpływ spalania stukowego na obciążenie układu korbowo-tłokowego silnika samochodowego. Spalanie stukowe generuje obciążenie wału korbowego, a tym samym wzrost drgań mechanicznych przenoszonych na korpus silnika. Wzrost amplitudy i częstotliwości drgań może przenosić się na układ napędowy jak i na część pasażerską pojazdu. W oparciu o badania symulacyjne podjęto próbę określenia stopnia wzrostu obciążenia wału korbowego silnika dla procesu spalania z zaburzeniem oraz przy jego braku. W tym celu, w czasie badań hamownianych silnik zasilano oryginalnym paliwem oraz paliwem o wysokiej skłonności do występowania stuku jakim jest wodór gazowy. Rejestrowano przebieg ciśnienia indykowanego w komorze spalania dla pracy normalnej oraz przy występowaniu zjawiska stuku. Wykorzystano je do modelowania sił tłokowych w środowisku CAE, w oprogramowaniu MSC ADAMS, dla modelu bryłowego układu korbowo-tłokowego silnika badawczego. W artykule przeanalizowano wielkość wzrostu obciążenia wału korbowego w przypadku wystąpienia procesu spalania stukowego.
Paper presents the knock influence on the load of the piston-crank system in automotive engine. Knocking combustion generates crankshaft load and increases the mechanical vibrations transmitted to the motor housing. The increase in the amplitude and frequency of vibration can be transmitted on the transmission system and on the passenger part of the vehicle. Based on simulation studies, authors attempted to determine the load increase in the engine for the combustion process with the knocking, and in its absence. For this purpose, during the test, engine was suplly by original fuel and the hydrogen gas wich is a fuel with high propensity to knocking combustion. Indicated pressure in the combustion chamber for normal operation and in the presence of the knocking phenomenon was recorded. This value was used for piston forces simulation in the CAE environment, with the use of MSC ADAMS software for piston-crank system solid model. The article examines the crankshaft load increase in the case of combustion knocking.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 3; 421-427
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Ship fires caused by primary failure of the fuel filter of the engine driving the generator
Autorzy:: Monieta, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135396.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:: merchant vessels
functional systems
adverse events
reciprocating internal combustion engines
investigations
accidents
Opis:: This article presents selected results of investigations on adverse events of ships throughout one year. The investigations included mainly merchant vessels used to transport bulk material and heavy objects. Ships have been divided into functional systems and elements and into navigational and machine parts. An attempt was made to classify the causes of accidents and evaluate material losses. The quantitative analysis of the causes of the events leads to different conclusions than those reached on the basis of the analyses of losses. Although the failures on-board the vessel occurred more frequently, the costs of machine adverse events were larger. The most critical consequences was fire of a ship caused by loosening of the bleed screw of the fuel filter. Auxiliary engines of the vessel were operated in different external and internal conditions, and were fed by distillation fuel. As a consequence, the evacuation of the crew and fire suppression were required, using the CO2 installation of the ship. The ship was stopped and deprived of its primary sources of electric energy. An analysis of the event was along with the elaboration of a plan of preventive measures. The results should be useful for selecting the monitored diagnostic objects of vessels.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 47 (119); 36-41
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Wpływ zastosowania detergentowych dodatków paliwowych na pracę elektromagnetycznych wtryskiwaczy paliwa
The influence of detergent additives to diesel engines fuel on the operation of diesel engine injection system
Autorzy:: Szczypiński-Sala, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/313640.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:: olej napędowy
silnik spalinowy
wtryskiwacz paliwa
diesel
internal combustion engine
injection system
Opis:: W artykule opisano wyniki badań wykonanych dla oceny wpływu dodatków paliwowych do oleju napędowego na działanie elektromagnetycznych wtryskiwaczach paliwa. Dodatki tego typu stosowane są w celu ograniczenia powstawania osadów oraz usuwania już powstałych z precyzyjnie pasowanych elementów aparatury wtryskowej. Pomiary zostały wykonane na stanowisku badawczym z zasobnikowym układem wtryskowym. Przeprowadzono analizę dawkowania paliwa w różnych warunkach pracy układu, to znaczy wartości ciśnienia zasilania i czasu trwania wtrysku. Ocenie poddano również zmianę własności fizycznych paliwa po dodaniu modyfikatora. Wprowadzane są coraz bardziej rygorystyczne normy związane z emisja zanieczyszczeń przez silniki spalinowe, w tym związane z emisją cząstek stałych. Najszersze możliwości zmniejszania emisji szkodliwych składników spalin i tym samym spełnienia nakładanych norm dają zasobnikowe systemy wtrysku. Możliwości te wynikają z dużego zakresu możliwości sterowania czasem wtrysku i momentem początku wtrysku. Duże znaczenie ma również wartość ciśnienia rozpylania paliwa uzyskiwana w tego typu układach. Uzyskanie precyzyjnego dawkowania paliwa wpływającego na przebieg jego spalania w dużej mierze uzależnione jest od szybkości i poprawności działania wtryskiwaczy. Od ich hydraulicznej charakterystyki uzależniona jest wrażliwość na zmiany właściwości paliwa wynikające z wprowadzenia modyfikatora.
The article describes the results of the research carried out in order to evaluate the influence of detergent additives to diesel engines fuel on the operation of diesel engines injection systems. This type of additives is applied in order to restrict the formation of deposits and to remove those already formed from the elements of fuel injectors. The measurements were carried out on the test stand for solenoid controlled high pressure common-rail fuel injection systems. The analysis of fuel dosing was conducted in various conditions of the work of the system, ie. the value of fuel outflow pressure from the injection nozzle and injection duration. Change of fuel physical properties after adding modifier was also evaluated. There are introduced more and more rigorous norms in relation to the emission of fumes by diesel engines, including those associated with the emission of particles. Solenoid controlled common-rail fuel injection systems give the broadest possibilities of reducing the emission of detrimental fume concentrations and all the same fulfilling the imposed norms. The possibilities result from a wide range of the capability of steering the time of injection and the moment it begins. Value of pressure of spraying fuel, obtained in this type of systems is also very significant. The obtainment of precise fuel dosing, having the influence on the course of burning, depends to a large extent on the velocity and correctness of the operation of the injection systems. The proneness to the changes of fuel properties resulting from the introduction of a modifier depends on their hydraulic characteristics. In other side due to clearances 1 to 2 microns even minimal internal diesel injector deposits on the injector pintal or other components can lead to sticking and even seizure.
Źródło:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 6; 1166-1170
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Ekspertowy system kontroli, sterowania i wsparcia decyzji okrętowego tłokowego silnika spalinowego : w aspekcie bezpiecznej eksploatacji i ekologii
The expert monitoring and control system of marine diesel engine : in the aspect of economic and ecology criteria
Autorzy:: Łosiewicz, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/315592.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:: tłokowy silnik spalinowy
system ekspertowy
bezpieczeństwo
internal combustion engine
expert monitoring
safety
Opis:: W artykule omówione zostały założenie systemu ekspertowego, mającego za zadanie racjonalną obsługę silnika okrętowego i polepszenie warunków jego bezpiecznej i ekologicznej eksploatacji.
Paper discussed the expert system which is a modern tool to assist decision makers in making operational decisions on a sea-going vessel. Correct operation and automation of marine propulsion is one of the key issues for the safe and economical operation of the marine floating unit. This article presents the founding of an expert system for the rational handling of marine engines and to improve the conditions of its safe and ecological operation.
Źródło:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 882-885, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 97.

Tytuł:: Identification of components of vibration signal from the Hatz 1B40 engine
Autorzy:: Boruta, G.
Imiołek, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245448.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: mechanics
compression-ignition (diesel) internal combustion engine
vibration and sound
engine control
Opis:: An experiment is described consisting in recording of vibration signals on the body of a HATZ 1B40 single-cylinder compression-ignition engine, applied among other things as a driving source for FOGO power generators. Characteristic time courses fragments of the recorded vibration signals were linked to occurrence of specific phenomena in the working engine and with operation of specific engine mechanisms generating these signals. Potential was found for utilization of the vibration signal recorded on the body of a HATZ 1B40 compression-ignition engine for optimization of simultaneous feeding of the engine with diesel oil and natural gas. There are potential possibility of application of a simple knock sensor from a spark-ignition engine as a component of a feeding control system of a compression-ignition engine with diesel oil and natural gas. Theoretical time course of vibration signal of the HATZ 1B40 engine, example oscilloscope trace of time courses of signals reflecting, location of mounting of the vibration acceleration sensor on the engine, allocation of the theoretical and empirical time course of the vibration signal of the HATZ 1B40 engine, example vibration signal time courses recorded at the head of an engine fed with various mixtures of air and natural gas and diesel oil with oval-marked fragments corresponding to diesel oil injection are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 45-51
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 98.

Tytuł:: Comparison of unburnt hydrocarbon emissions for diesel engines fueled by diesel oil and rapeseed fuel
Autorzy:: Rusin, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245894.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
CI internal combustion engines
motor fuels
alternative fuels
toxic exhaust emissions
Opis:: The article presents the results of the of the HC emissions composition for the compression ignition - diesel engine fuelled with rapeseed fuel (a mixture of methyl esters of fatty acids - RSME). The investigations were conducted on a turbocharged, four-cylinder compression-ignition engine type T370 (of 80 hW power at 2400 rpm engine speed and maximum torque of 400 Nm at 1440 rpm engine speed, with bore/stroke 110 mm /l20 mm, displacement volume 4560 cm3, compression ratio 17). For the exhaust toxicity investigations the eauipment of Signal and AVL companies was used, and for composition of nonregulated hydrocarbons emissions investigations the Hewlett Packard Company chromatograph type HP-5890II was used. The investigations were conducted under engine full load at maximum torque speed and for engine rotational speed of the rated power. Chromatographic test for emissions were collected using special equipment and special procedures. The article presents the results of chromatographic investigations focusedon: benzene, toluene and acetaldehyde. It was found that the percentage of emission of individual components in the total emissions of HC was independent of the fuel used. However, due to the fact that in the case of rape fuel, emission of unburned HC was smaller and smaller were the absolute amounts of emissions components. Thus, emissions from combustion of rape fuel are less harmful than emissions from the engine fuelled with diesel oil.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 549-555
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 99.

Tytuł:: Badania kogeneratora małej mocy
Small power cogenerator test
Autorzy:: Włas, M.
Jaworski, J.
Gackowski, M.
Kolbusz, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/268698.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:: cogeneration
internal combustion engine
iso efficiency curves
kogeneracja
silnik benzynowy
wysoka sprawność
Opis:: W pracy przedstawiono proces projektowania i implementacji systemu sterowania źródłem energii elektrycznej i cieplnej - bazującym na kogeneracji wysokosprawnej, wykorzystującej zmodyfikowany kogenerator firmy TOTEM z dodatkowym przekształtnikiem energoelektronicznym. Jego istotną częścią jest 4-suwowy silnik benzynowy o zapłonie iskrowym, dostosowany do spalania gazu ziemnego. W celu osiągnięcia maksymalnej sprawności układu, wykorzystano sterowanie prędkością obrotową jednostki spalinowej. Opracowanie "pagórka" sprawności maszyny umożliwia poruszanie się po trajektorii zapewniającej poziom sprawności uzasadniający poniesione nakłady inwestycyjne, m.in.: zakup dwukierunkowego przekształtnika energii.
In this paper, designing and control system implementation of combined heat and power TOTEM™ system was presented. The crucial part of that is 4-stroke internal combustion engine, natural gas has been adapted. Because of the maximization of efficiency, variable speed control has been implemented. The iso-efficiency curves allow to operate on minimum operation cost trajectory, makes high installation cost worth profitable.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2012, 31; 151-155
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 100.

Tytuł:: Examining the physicochemical and operational properties of the LPG fuel with an additional of light aliphatic hydrocarbons
Badania właściwości fizykochemicznych i eksploatacyjnych paliwa LPG z dodatkiem lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych
Autorzy:: Biedrzycki, J.
Bukrejewski, P.
Chłopek, Z.
Skolniak, M.
Wójcik, P.
Wysoczarski, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1363549.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
LPG
light aliphatic hydrocarbons
silniki spalinowe
lekkie węglowodory alifatyczne
Opis:: Results of comparative testing of the LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) fuel and such a fuel with an addition of light aliphatic hydrocarbons, chiefly methane, in two versions have been presented. The tests were carried out in respect of the physicochemical properties of the fuels according to Standard PN-EN 589 and in respect of the performance characteristics of a motor vehicle powered with the fuels under test. The main purpose of the tests was to determine the acceptable fraction of light aliphatic hydrocarbons, predominantly methane, in the LPG fuel, whose basic components are C3 and C4 alkanes or alkenes. The addition of light aliphatic hydrocarbons to LPG may be of considerable importance for the fuel properties, primarily because of high values of the saturated vapour pressure of such admixtures. The fuel composition was determined with the use of the gas chromatography method. The methane additive content of the fuels under test was 0.1% m/m7 and 0.2% m/m and the ethane additive content was 0.2% m/m. The fuels met the requirements of Standard PN-EN 589. The performance of the motor vehicle was tested on a chassis dynamometer. No adverse effect of the addition of light aliphatic hydrocarbons to the LPG fuel on vehicle engine’s effective power and pollutant emissions was revealed.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań porównawczych paliwa LPG (ang. Liquefied Petroleum Gas – skroplony gaz ropopochodny) oraz paliwa LPG z dwoma rodzajami dodatków lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych, przede wszystkim metanu. Badania wykonywano ze względu na właściwości fizykochemiczne paliw zgodnie z normą PN-EN 589 oraz ze względu na właściwości użytkowe samochodu zasilanego badanymi paliwami. Podstawowym celem badań była ocena, w jakim stopniu jest dopuszczalny udział lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych, przede wszystkim metanu, w paliwie LPG, którego podstawowymi składnikami są alkany lub alkeny C3 i C4. Dodatek lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych do LPG może mieć istotne znaczenia dla właściwości paliwa przede wszystkim z powodu dużej prężności ich pary nasyconej. Skład paliw wyznaczono metodą chromatografii gazowej. Dodatek metanu w paliwach badawczych wynosił 0,1% m/m7 i 0,2% m/m, a etanu 0,2% m/m. Paliwa spełniały wymagania normy PN-EN 589. Właściwości eksploatacyjne samochodu badano na hamowni podwoziowej. Nie stwierdzono niekorzystnych właściwości dodatku lekkich węglowodorów alifatycznych do paliwa LPG ze względu na moc użyteczną silnika oraz ze względu na emisję zanieczyszczeń.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2016, 71, 1; 21-37
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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