Temat: insect pest - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Colombian native strains against Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Autorzy:: Cabra, E.T.
Hernandez Fernandez, J.A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084862.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: biological control
genes cry
insect pest
molecular characterization
Opis:: The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, an insect of the order Hemiptera which attacks more than 600 species of plants, is one of the most important agricultural pests around the world. The insecticidal Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are useful biological pesticides, and some are toxic to Hemipteran insects. In this study, Colombian native isolates of Bt were functionally characterized at molecular and biological levels. The strains contained between one and five different crystal shapes: round, triangular, amorphous, bipyramidal and squared. The strains presented between three to seven bands of proteins in their electrophoretic pattern that were organized into six groups according to their possible biological activity on insect pests. Cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B and cry1C genes were identified for PCR in the different Bt isolates. Bioassays were performed on tomato leaves whose surface was spread with 3 µg · ml−1 crude extract of Bt toxins. Second instar larvae of whitefly, which were placed on top of leaves and exposed to the toxins for 7 days, exhibited mortalities from 18 to 69%. The lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of ZBUJTL39, Bt kurstaki HD1 and ZCUJTL9 strains were 1.83, 1.85 and 2.16 μg · ml−1, respectively (p < 0.05). These results show that the native Bt strain ZBUJTL39, which contained the genes cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cryCa and cryBa could eventually be used for the development of an integrated management program together with other tools for the control of B. tabaci.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 4; 503-511
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Effects of global warming on insect behaviour in agriculture
Autorzy:: Ahmed, Alim Al Ayub
Zahar, Marziah
Gribkova, Vera
Nikolaeva, Natalia
Dwijendra, Ngakan Ketut Acwin
Suksatan, Wanich
Atiyah, Karrar Kamil
Jalil, Abduladheem Turki
Aravindhan, Surendar
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174340.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:: agriculture
climate change
food security
global warming
insect pest
Opis:: Global warming and climate change are some of the most widely discussed topics in today's society, and they are of considerable importance to agriculture globally. Climate change directly affects agricultural production. On the other hand, the agricultural sector is inherently sensitive to climate conditions, and this has made the agricultural sector one of the most vulnerable sectors to the effects of global climate change. Rising CO2 levels in the atmosphere, increased temperature, and altering precipitation patterns all substantially influence agricultural insect pests and agricultural productivity. Climate change has a number of implications for insect pests. They can lead to a decreased biological control effectiveness, particularly natural enemies, increased incidence of insect-transmitted plant diseases, increased risk of migratory pest invasion, altered interspecific interaction, altered synchrony between plants and pests, increase in the number of generations, increased overwintering survival, and increase in geographic distribution. As a consequence, agricultural economic losses are a real possibility, as is a threat to human food and nutrition security. Global warming will necessitate sustainable management techniques to cope with the altering state of pests, as it is a primary driver of pest population dynamics. Future studies on the impacts of climate change on agricultural insect pests might be prioritized in several ways. Enhanced integrated pest control strategies, the use of modelling prediction tools, and climate and pest population monitoring are only a few examples.
Źródło:: Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 54; 150--153
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Firmness and calyx covering an arsenal against Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linné, 1758) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) infestation in stored dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Autorzy:: Buba, Musa
Zakka, Usman
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1111950.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: Oryzaephilus surinamensis
Phoenix dactylifera
calyx
insect pest infestation
Opis:: Three date cultivars were sourced from the open market, sterilized and infested with Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. in a no-choice infestation experiment to determine emergence and weight loss. Emergence of O. surinamensis in Jigawa cultivar with and without calyx was significantly higher (P≤0.05) than emergence in Mali and Deglet Noor with and without calyx, just as emergence in Mali cultivar without calyx was significantly (P≤0.05) higher than emergence in Deglet Noor with and without calyx. Based on cultivar, Deglet Noor gave the least emergence of O. surinamensis, with the highest in Jigawa cultivar. There was a highly significant (P≤0.05) weight loss in Jigawa date cultivar compared with weight loss in both Deglet Noor and Mali date cultivars. Moreover, dates without calyx had significantly higher (P≤0.05) weight loss compared with dates with calyx. Finally, pulpy dates appeared to be the most susceptible cultivars, whereas firm dates were the least susceptible date cultivars. Conclusively, the results showed that Deglet Noor cultivar with calyx had the least emergence of O. surinamensis, as well as loss in weight, and is, therefore, recommended to store-owners for prolonged storage.
Źródło:: World News of Natural Sciences; 2018, 19; 9-18
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:: World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: An influence of herbs on the sex structure in populations of insect pests of stored products
Autorzy:: Klys, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65239.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: herb
sex structure
animal population
insect pest
pest
stored product
Oryzaephilus surinamensis
Rhyzopertha dominica
Sitophilus oryzae
Opis:: The effects of powdered herbs (lavender Lavandula officinalis L., peppermint Mentha piperita L. and basil Ocimium basilicum L.) added to the food substances of three insect species: the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) on the life span and development of the three insect species as well as habitat conditions, sex structure, and the survivability of males and females were considered. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory at a temperature of 28°C and relative humidity (RH) 60 ±5%. In all the studied populations, high female mortality was found (♂/♀ < 1). The studied populations were: the rice weevil and the lesser grain borer cultured in wheat grain with herb additions, and the saw-toothed grain beetle cultured in semolina with herb additions. Among the herbs used, peppermint caused a significant effect in the form of increased mortality rates among females of S. oryzae and O. surinamensis. Lavender and basil had a similar impact among R. dominica females. The herbs applied in the experiments intensified the mortality of females and, consequently, led to the disappearance of entire populations.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2012, 52, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Insecticidal efficacy of silica nanoparticles against Rhyzopertha dominica F. and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val
Autorzy:: Ziaee, M.
Ganji, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66106.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: insecticidal potential
silica
nanoparticle
Rhyzopertha dominica
Tribolium confusum
barley
pest control
plant protection
wheat
insect pest
Opis:: Bioassays were conducted to assess the effects of two silicon dioxide nanoparticles of Aerosil® and Nanosav against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica F. and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Silica nanoparticles were applied at the rates of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg · kg–1 on wheat and peeled barley. The mortality was counted after 1, 2, 3, and 7 days of exposure. Another experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of food source on the survival of beetles after exposure to silica nanoparticles. Adults were exposed to silica nanoparticles at the rate of 0.2 mg · cm–2 for 1 and 2 days on filter paper inside plastic Petri dishes, respectively. After exposure, the initial mortality was counted and live individuals of both species were held for a week in empty glass vials or vials containing wheat and wheat flour, respectively. Silica nanoparticles have high toxicity on R. dominica and T. confusum adults. Rhyzopertha dominica was more susceptible than T. confusum. However, the mortality of both species increased with increasing concentrations and time exposed to each concentration. At low concentrations, Aerosil® was more effective than Nanosav. Silica nanoparticles were more effective in wheat grains than barley. Results indicated that the initial mortality was so high that the impact of food source on delay mortality was unclear in most cases. Silica nanoparticles were efficient against tested species and can be used effectively in a stored grain integrated pest management program.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Morphological and molecular characterization of entomophthorales (Entomophthoromycota: Entomophthoromycotina) from Argentina
Autorzy:: Manfrino, Romina G.
Castrillo, Louela A.
López Lastra, Claudia C.
Toledo, Andrea V.
Ferrari, Walter
Jansen, Annette B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543394.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:: morphological characteristics
molecular characteristics
Entomophthorales
Entomophthoromycota
Entomophthoromycotina
insect pest
host range
Argentina
Opis:: We characterized 17 insect-pathogenic entomophthoralean fungal isolates (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthorales) using morphological and molecular techniques. We identified four species from various insect hosts: (i) Entomophthora planchoniana, six specimens from aphids; (ii) Pandora neoaphidis, three specimens from aphids; (iii) Zoophthora phalloides from an aphid; and (iv) Z. radicans, seven specimens from insects in the orders Diptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. Analysis of ITS1 data from E. planchoniana showed clustering in accordance to aphid host species. Entomophthora planchoniana from Macrosiphum euphorbiae clustered together, separate from the isolate from Myzus persicae. The P. neoaphidis specimens clustered with sequences from other aphid-pathogenic Pandora species in GenBank. In this study, Z. phalloides from Brevicoryne brassicae and Z. radicans from an unidentified species of Chironomidae (Diptera) in Argentina were characterized for the first time. The present study was initiated to elucidate the taxonomy of the entomophthoralean fungi in Argentina according to their morphological and molecular characters. The presented results emphasize the significance of the combination of molecular data and information on morphology, ecology, and host range for accurate identification of entomophthoralean and allied genera.
Źródło:: Acta Mycologica; 2020, 55, 2; 5522
0001-625X
2353-074X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Mycologica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: A breakthrough in the efficiency of contact DNA insecticides: rapid high mortality rates in the sap-sucking insects Dynaspidiotus britannicus Comstock and Unaspis euonymi Newstead
Autorzy:: Gal`chinsky, N.
Useinov, R.
Yatskova, E.
Laikova, K.
Novikov, I.
Gorlov, M.
Trikoz, N.
Sharmagiy, A.
Plugatar, Y.
Oberemok, V.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082776.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: antisense oligonucleotides
DNA insecticides
insect pest control
sap-sucking
insects
28S ribosomal RNA
Opis:: In this short communication describing experiments carried out on the larvae of two insects, Unaspis euonymi Comstock (feeding on Euonymus japonicus Thunb.) and Dynaspidiotus britannicus Newstead (feeding on Laurus nobilis L.), we evaluate for the first time the efficiency of using DNA insecticides in the control of sap-sucking insects, including armored scale insects. Over a period of 10 days, high insect mortality was detected in both U. euonymi and D. britannicus, accompanied by a significant decrease in the concentration of target RNAs. At the same time, no visible changes were observed when the leaves of the host plants were subjected to treatment with DNA insecticides for one month. The results show the high efficiency of DNA insecticides used against hemipteran insect pests. It is noteworthy that the high efficiency of DNA insecticides and their low cost in comparison with RNA preparations provides a safe and extremely promising potential vehicle for the control of sap-sucking insects.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2020, 60, 2; 220-223
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Effect of phenolics on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum [Harris] population on Pisum sativum L. [Fabaceae]
Autorzy:: Golawska, S.
Kapusta, I.
Lukasik, I.
Wojcicka, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/55307.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:: pea plant
aphid population
secondary metabolite
Pisum sativum
insect pest
pea aphid
phenolics
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Opis:: Extensive studies have been carried out to identify plant phenolics with insecticidal properties towards insects. The subject of the study were comparison of control and infested by Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) vegetative parts of pea plants. In the pea plants six flavonol aglycones were identified: quercetin, kaempferol+RCO-, kaempferol, tricin, apigenin+RCO-, and apigenin. In infested plants relatively high concentration of total phenols, o-dihydroxyphenols and total flavonoids in comparison with control were observed. It suggests that phenolics have negative effect on insects and they are good for control of the insect pests.
Źródło:: Pestycydy; 2008, 3-4; 71-77
0208-8703
Pojawia się w:: Pestycydy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: An appraisal of insect pests associated with cereal grains traded in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Autorzy:: Mailafiya, D.M.
Dauda, Z.
Degri, M.M.
Kabir, B.G.J.
Maina, Y.T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11837.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: insect pest
stored product
cereal grain
infestation
insect abundance
grain type
Maiduguri town
Borno State
Nigeria
Opis:: This study investigated insect pest infestation of maize, millet, sorghum, rice and wheat grains traded in the three main markets namely Monday, Baga-Road and Custom-Park markets in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria. Sampling lasted from January to June 2012. Samples per grain type, each weighing one kilogram, were obtained every two weeks from ten randomly selected traders per market. Each sample was sieved in the laboratory to recover all adult insects present, both at sampling and also after one month stay (laid out in a completely randomized design). In each market, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) followed by Tribolium castaneum Herbst, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus), Trogoderma granarium (Everts) or Cryptolestes sp. were the insect pests commonly found attacking more (between two to five) grain types. Observed highest and lowest mean insect numbers were respectively by S. zeamais in maize grains (12.13 individuals in Monday market) and T. granarium in wheat grains (0.13 individuals in Baga-Road market). Results unveil that among three markets, higher mean total numbers of insects were present in maize, rice or wheat (18-33). For all grain types, the mean numbers of damaged grains were significantly higher in Monday (53-357) and Custom-Park (46-302) than in Baga-Road (17-109) markets. Furthermore, the mean total number of damaged grains across markets was significantly higher maize, followed by rice and wheat (55-231) than in other grain types (37-41). The implications of all these results on insect infestation of different cereal grain types sold in these markets are discussed.
Źródło:: International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 14
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Insecticidal activity of three 10–12 nucleotides long antisense sequences from 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L. against its larvae
Autorzy:: Oberemok, V.V.
Laikova, K.V.
Useinov, R.Z.
Gal`chinsky, N.V.
Novikov, I.A.
Yurchenko, K.A.
Volkov, M.E.
Gorlov, M.V.
Brailko, V.A.
Plugatar
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084849.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: antisense oligonucleotides
DNA insecticides
gypsy moth
insect pest control
Lymantria dispar
5.8S ribosomal RNA
Opis:: 5.8S ribosomal RNA plays an important role in protein synthesis and eukaryotic ribosome translocation. Contact DNA insecticides based on antisense fragments of 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L. showed prospective insecticidal activity on its larvae. The most pronounced insecticidal effect was found for antisense fragments 10 and 11 nucleotides long (oligoRIBO-10 and oligoRIBO-11), whereas 12 nucleotides long fragment (oligoRIBO-12) caused the lowest level of insect mortality. This data corresponds to results obtained earlier using rabbit reticulocyte and wheat germ extracts, where maximum inhibition of protein synthesis was observed when a relevant oligomer 10-11 nucleotides long was used, whilst longer chain lengths resulted in reduced inhibition. Using oligoRIBO-11 fragment we have shown penetration of antisense oligonucleotides to insect cells through insects’ exoskeletons. MALDI technique registered the penetration of the oligoRIBO-11 fragment into insect cells after 30 min and a significant response of insect cells to the applied oligonucleotide after 60 min, which indicates not only that the oligonucleotide enters the insect cells, but also the synthesis of new substances in response to the applied DNA fragment. Contact DNA insecticides developed from the L. dispar 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene provide a novel biotechnology for plant protection using unmodified antisense oligonucleotides.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 4; 561-564
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: The need for the application of modern chemical insecticides and environmental consequences of their use: a mini review
Autorzy:: Oberemok, V.V.
Laikova, K.V.
Zaitsev, A.S.
Temirova, Z.Z.
Gal'chinsky, N.V.
Nyadar, P.M.
Shumskykh, M.N.
Zubarev, I.V.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66108.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: application need
modern insecticide
insecticide
chemical insecticide
environmental consequence
DNA insecticide
insect pest
insecticide resistance
plant protection
Opis:: Currently, the use of insecticides is an acute problem. Due to rapid population growth, the primary task is to increase food production. Beyond abiotic factors (drought, soil salinity, etc.) that reduce crop yields, farmers face problems with insect pests that can decrease crop productivity up to 60%. Also, insects are carriers of severe viral and protozoan human diseases. The need for application of insecticides is not questioned but many of them cause resistance of insect pests to them. This, in turn, leads to the necessity to invent new insecticides that are safe and more effective for long-term use. Preparations based on conservative parts of nucleic acids, particularly contact DNA insecticides, could be used to solve insecticide resistance problem as control agents which are well-tailored to target insect pests. This mini review is devoted to these issues.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Rural farmers’ perceptions, knowledge and management of insect pests of fruit vegetables in Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Nigeria
Autorzy:: Olaniran, O.A.
Babarinde, S.A.
Odewole, A.F.
Aremu, P.A.
Popoola, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10930.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: rural area
farmer
perception
knowledge
management
insect pest management
beetle
vegetable-like fruit
Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone
Nigeria
Opis:: Surveys were carried out in five local government areas of Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone Nigeria during planting season in 2010 to investigate rural farmers perceptions and management practices of insect pests of fruit vegetables. The survey involved 150 randomly selected farmers who were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Fruit vegetables planted by the farmers were okra, tomatoes, pepper and garden egg. Reasons given by farmers for cultivating fruit vegetables were significantly favored by age category, educational qualification, and secondary occupation of farmers (x2 = 4.757, P = 0.029). Field insect pests were perceived as the major production constraint to fruit vegetables in this zone. Majority of the farmer estimated 78.4 % rated insect pest as the most serious pest infesting fruit vegetables, the insect pests were grasshopper (Orthoptera), beetles (Coleoptera) and caterpillar (Lepidoptera). Integrated pest management module consisted basically of chemical and cultural control strategies, with weeding, shifting cultivation and crop rotation as main cultural control methods. More than 76.7 % of the farmers make use of cultural control because of unavailability and cost of chemical insecticides. Only 23.3 % had access to chemical insecticides in controlling insect pest of fruit vegetables.
Źródło:: International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 20
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Comparative efficacy of plant extracts with synthetic against insect pests of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech)
Autorzy:: Odewole, A.F.
Alao, F.O.
Agboola, A.A.
Adedapo, B.F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11813.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: comparative efficacy
plant extract
insect pest
okra
Abelmoschus esculentus
insecticide
Podagrica uniformis
Podagrica sjostedti
Zenocerus variegatus
Opis:: A field study was carried out during the two cropping seasons of okra to investigate the efficacy of plant extracts and synthetic insecticides applied singly and synergistic effect of botanicals with the synthetic insecticide on some insect pests of okra. Plots were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replications. Three insect pests of okra (Podagrica uniformis, Podagrica sjostedti and Zenocerous variegatus) were observed on the field. Cypermethrin applied singly and Cypermethrin combined with plant extracts effectively controlled observed insect pests, followed by lone application of plant extracts (L camara, T. vogelii and Z. officinales plant extracts at 1st and 2nd season. Okra yield revealed that both plant extract and Cypermethrin combined with plant extract were not significantly different from one another at first season and at second season Cypermethrin combined with plant extracts performed better than Cypermethrin applied singly. This study indicates that the studied plant extracts can be good synergist for Cypermethrin in controlling field pest of okra.
Źródło:: International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 14
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Preliminary studies on insect pest incidence on tomato in Bama, Borno State, Nigeria
Autorzy:: Mailafiya, D.M.
Degri, M.M.
Maina, Y.T.
Gadzama, U.N.
Galadima, I.B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11694.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: insect pest
Helicoverpa armigera
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Bemisia tabaci
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Tetranychus
Acari
Tetranychidae
Spodoptera littoralis
infestation
abundance
tomato
Bama Local Government Area
Borno State
Nigeria
Opis:: This study assessed the insect pest infestation of tomato during 2011 and 2012 in three localities namely Bula Kuliye, Kajeri and Soye of Bama Local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria. Fifty plants were randomly checked per farmers’ field for insect pest recovery and count. Sampling was carried out in five to nine farmers’ fields per locality. With 38-52 %, 9-62 %, 13-39 % and 5-9 % species composition respectively across localities, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) followed by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) were more predominant insect pests of tomato in these localities over Tetranychus sp. (Acari: Tetranichidae) and Spodoptera litoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Total proportion of infested tomato plants per farmers’ field ranged from 19-36 %, and was significantly higher in Bula Kuliye and Kajeri than in Soye. Total number of insect pests per plant/leave and bored fruits per farmers’ field fell between 2-5 and 21-35, and likewise, was higher in Bula Kuliye and Kajeri than in Soye. Although tomato plant infestation and fruit damage were found to be moderate or high in these localities, future studies on the bionomics or population dynamics of these insects remain essential for establishing their economic status.
Źródło:: International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 05
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Ecotoxicological view of protection of apple orchards against insect pests in Poland
Autorzy:: Sadlo, S.
Szpyrka, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/55453.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:: tomato fruit
maximum residue limit
health risk
daily intake
human health
ecotoxicology
consumer exposure
pesticide
residue level
apple orchard
insect pest
quality index
apple fruit
plant protection
pesticide residue
Opis:: The paper presents some aspects of relations between modern plant protection of apple orchards and ecotoxicology. Based on significant similarity of the shape and size of apple and tomato fruits the relation between the doses of active ingredients of plant protection products and their residue levels immediately after treatment was derived for the apples and then quality indices and the risks for human health were estimated. It was found that many of the currently in force MRLs need to be revised and the exposure of consumer should not exceed the acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) and acute reference doses (ARfDs) for pesticide residues.
Źródło:: Pestycydy; 2009, 1-4; 15-26
0208-8703
Pojawia się w:: Pestycydy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:: Development of thermotolerant isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. with ethyl methanesulfonate
Autorzy:: Wongwanich, Y.
Cobelli, P.
Boonchuay, D.
Wangsomboondee, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65516.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: thermotolerance
entomopathogenic fungi
Beauveria bassiana
ethyl methanesulphonate
brown planthopper
Nilaparvata lugens
pest insect
pest control
mutation
fungal isolate
molecular identification
pathogenicity test
Opis:: Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus that is widely used in Thailand to control pest insects. However, the increasing temperature has influenced the insect control efficiency of the fungus. Therefore, determination of thermotolerant isolates of B. bassiana that can grow and remain pathogenic at higher temperatures than its current optimum temperature may be a better way to control pest insects in a high temperature environment. Three isolates of B. bassiana obtained from the Rice Department, Thailand were selected for mutagenesis using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) with subsequent screening at high temperatures (33 and 35°C). In addition, the recovery of fungal growth after exposure to a high temperature for a period of time (5–15 days) and then transferring to 25°C was evaluated. No isolates were found that grew at 35°C but one mutant isolate (BCNT002MT) produced larger diameter colonies and more spores than the corresponding wild type (WT) at 33°C. Growth and spore production of the BCNT002MT isolate were greater than its WT when incubated at 25°C for 14 days following exposure to 33°C for 7 days. In addition, the spore germination level (%) of BCNT002MT was significantly higher than its WT during culture at 25°C after prior exposure to 33°C for 5, 10 and 15 days. The pathogenicity against the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), of this mutant isolate was also prominent.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:: Giant willow aphid (Tuberolachnus salignus Gmelin, 1790) – a literature review
Autorzy:: Bochniarz, Alina
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148077.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020-12-30
Wydawca:: Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:: Lachnidae
Salix
pest
insect
invasive species
Opis:: Tuberolachnus salignus is a cosmopolitan aphid that predominantly feeds on the willow. It can be an economically im-portant pest of this plant. The aim of the study was to present the thematic scope of the literature on this species in Poland and in the world. The typical issues related to aphid biology (life cycle, nutrition, distribution) and its potential harmfulness are consid-ered. Additionally, aphid genetics, dyes, natural enemies, indirect influence on the soil environment as well as the use of this insect species in research on plant physiology are taken into account. It was found that in recent years, the studies on giant willow aphid have been mainly motivated by the potential utilisation of the results in the protection of willow against this aphid. Despite a wide range of topics, the publications collected in the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases are not sufficient sources of in-formation about this species. The available data must be supple-mented and updated using modern research methods. The experi-ments and observations should consider the direct and indirect relationships of T. salignus with other organisms and the environment.
Źródło:: Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2020, 43; 113-124
2081-2787
Pojawia się w:: Polish Journal of Agronomy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:: Wpływ różnych sposobów siewu życicy trwałej (Lolium perenne L.) na występowanie wybranych szkodników
Autorzy:: Lamparski, R.
Szczepanek, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/46618.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2004
Wydawca:: Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
Tematy:: wciornastki
skoczkowate
wystepowanie
metody siewu
szkodniki roslin
Aelia acuminata
zycica trwala
siew
trawy
Lolium perenne
mszyce
grass
perennial rye-grass
pest insect
plant pest
sow
sowing method
thrip
Opis:: Odmianę trawnikową życicy trwałej Stadion wysiewano w 1998 i 1999 r. jesienią i wiosną w siewie jednogatunkowym oraz jako wsiewkę w jęczmień jary uprawiany na zieloną masę i ziarno. Badano nasilenie występowania szkodników należących do rzędów: Heteroptera, Homoptera, Thysanoptera w pierwszym roku użytkowania życicy na nasiona, w zależności od zróżnicowanego sposobu siewu. Na plantacjach zakładanych jesienią stwierdzono większe nasilenie występowania Thysanoptera i Aphididae. Sposób siewu życicy trwałej nie miał wpływu na nasilenie występowania Cicadellidae i Aelia acuminata.
The turf-type perennial ryegrass, Stadion, was sown in the autumn and spring of 1998 and in 1999 in pure stand and as an undersown crop with spring barley cultivated for green matter and for grain. The intensity of Heteroptera, Homoptera and Thysanoptera pests occurrence in the first year of perennial ryegrass growth for seeds depended on different sowing methods. The plantations set up in autumn showed a greater intensity of the occurrence of Thysanoptera and Aphididae. The perennial ryegrass sowing method affected the intensity of the occurrence of neither Cicadellidae nor Aelia acuminata.
Źródło:: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2004, 03, 1; 219-227
1644-0625
Pojawia się w:: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:: Activity of azadirachtin relating to Pieris brassicae and Apanteles glomeratus
Autorzy:: Wawrzyniak, M
Wrzesinska, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65381.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2000
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: pest
cabbage plant
azadirachtin
Apanteles glomeratus
mite
insect
Azadirachta indica
Pieris brassicae
Opis:: Azadirachtin is the most active substance separated from Azadirachta indica. lt acts destructively on numerous species of insects and mites. The aim of the presented investigations was to determine the effect of azadirachtin on one of the most dangerous pests of cabbage plants, Pieris brassicae, and on its natural enemy, Apanteles glomeratus. The results of the field observations did not show any repellent effect of azadirachtin relating to laying their eggs cabbage butterflies. However, a significant effect of the azadirachtin solution on reduction the number of cabbage butterfly caterpillars (it was more distinctly marked in respect to young larva stages) as well as on limited feeding by caterpillars. No negative influence of azadirachtin on a parasite of Pieris brassicae caterpillars, Apanteles glomeratus was distinctly shown.
Azadirachtyna jest najbardziej aktywną substancją wyizolowaną z Azadirachta indica. Działa szkodliwie na liczne gatunki owadów i roztoczy. Celem przedstawionych doświadczeń było określenie jej wpływu na jednego z najgroźniejszych szkodników roślin kapustnych bielinka kapustnika (Pieris brassicae) oraz na jego wroga naturalnego baryłkarza bieliniaka (Apanteles glomeratus). Wyniki przeprowadzonych obserwacji polowych nie wykazały repelentnego działania azadirachtyny w stosunku do składających jaja motyli bielinka. Stwierdzono natomiast znaczący wpływ preparatu na redukcję liczby gąsienic bielinka kapustnika (wyraźniej zaznacza się to w odniesieniu do młodszych stadiów larwalnych) oraz na hamowanie pobierania pokarmu przez gąsienice. Nie wykazano wyraźnie negatywnego wpływu azadirachtyny na pasożyta gąsienic bielinka – baryłkarza bieliniaka.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2000, 40, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:: Biogenic silver nanoparticles from Trichodesma indicum aqueous leaf extract against Mythimna separata and evaluation of its larvicidal efficacy
Autorzy:: Buhroo, A.A.
Nisa, G.
Asrafuzzaman, S.
Prasad, R.
Rasheed, R.
Bhattacharyya, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65016.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: insect
pest control
biogenic substance
silver nanoparticle
Trichodesma indicum
water extract
leaf extract
Mythimna separata
Oriental armyworm
pest
larvicidal activity
Opis:: Th e present exploration is focused on the bio-fabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Trichodesma indicum aqueous leaf extract as a reducing agent. Th e synthesized Ag NPs were productively characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, and TEM studies. Th e photosynthesis of Ag NPs was done at room temperature for 24 h and at 60°C. Th e green synthesis of spherical-shaped Ag NPs bio-fabricated from T. indicum with a face centred cubic structure showed average particle sizes of 20–50 nm, which is inconsistent with the particle size calculated by the XRD Scherer equation and TEM analysis. We further explored the larvicidal effi cacy of biosynthesized Ag NPs with leaf extracts of T. indicum against Mythimna separata. Th e results showed that Ag NPs (20–50 nm) of T. indicum possess good larvicidal activity against M. separata with an LC50 of 500 ppm. Th us, we can advocate that Ag NPs of 20–50 nm size extracted from T. indicum may be considered in the pest management programme of M. separata in future.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:: Withania somnifera acts as a potential insect growth regulator in the polyphagous pest, Pericallia ricini
Autorzy:: Gaur, S.K.
Kumar, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65183.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Withania somnifera
Solanaceae
seed extract
root extract
insect growth regulator
polyphagous pest
Pericallia ricini
Lepidoptera
larva
Opis:: Both seed and root extracts of the medicinal plant, Ashwagandha, Withania somnifera exhibit insect growth regulatory activity against the polyphagous pest, Pericallia ricini. Topical administration of W. somnifera seed and root extracts to last instar larvae of P. ricini disrupted moulting and metamorphosis, leading to a number of developmental abnormalities such as delay in larval-pupal and pupal-adult ecdysis, formation of larval-pupal, pupal- -adult and larval-pupal-adult mosaics/chimeras, ecdysial failure, suppression of pupation and adult emergence and formation of abnormal pupae and adultoids. The treatment with seed extracts was more severe than that of root extracts as it completely suppressed the pupation and adult emergence. The results clearly suggest that the medicinal plant, W. somnifera acts as a potential insect growth regulatory (IGR) disrupting the moulting and metamorphosis as a consequence of interference with the endocrine system.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:: System for warning and control of leaf mining flies and leaf beetles on cereal crops
Autorzy:: Walczak, F
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65294.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1998
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: pest
Agromyzidae
crop damage
control
warning
larva
leaf mining fly
cereal crop
trapped insect
Opis:: Many species of leaf mining flies feed on cereal crops. Cereal crop plantations with high level of the pest infestation need to be treated with insecticides. The yellow tables covered with glue were used for trapping the pests. The leaf mining flies warning system can provide the information about date of treatment based on counting the trapped imagines of the pest and observation of leaf beetle appearance and its development. The following species of leaf mining flies are the most common in Poland: Phytomyza nigra Mg., Agromyza ambigua Fll., Ceroclontha pygmaea Mg., Agromyza mobilis Mg.
Wzrost liczebności i szkodliwości miniarek w uprawach zbóż w Polsce stwierdzono na początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych. Larwy miniarek żerują w tkance miękiszowej liści, w wyniku czego powstają charakterystyczne uszkodzenia (miny). W niektórych rejonach kraju lokalnie owady te mogą występować liczniej i przyczyniać się do znacznego ograniczenia powierzchni asymilacyjnej liści (głównie flagowych i podflagowych), co w konsekwencji ma wpływ na wartość i wielkość plonu. Celem pracy było opracowanie wskazówek metodycznych przy podejmowaniu decyzji o chemicznym zwalczaniu na zbożach miniarek równocześnie ze skrzypionkami. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że dobrą praktyczną metodą sygnalizacji chemicznego zwalczania tych szkodników jest kontrola liczebności form dorosłych miniarek, odławianych na tablicach chwytnych w kolorze żółtym, przy równoległej obserwacji pojawu i rozwoju skrzypionek.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 1998, 38, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:: Field evaluation of two aqueous plant extracts on water melon Citrullus lanatus (Thumb) insect pests in Northern Guinea savannah of Nigeria
Autorzy:: Degri, M.M.
Sharah, H.S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11351.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: field evaluation
aquatic plant
plant extract
watermelon
Citrullus lanatus
insect
pest
Northern Guinea
savannah
Nigeria
Opis:: Leaf beetles and fruitfly infestation greatly limits water melon (Citrullus lanatus) production throughout the tropics. The efficacy of aqueous plant extracts applied at 5 % w/v concentration of two botanicals (neems seed oil and garlic bulb) and 1.5 melt of one synthetic insecticide (karate 2.5 EC) against their infestation were evaluated. The effects of these treatments including control on the number of the insects, number of leaves, vines, length of vines, number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit damaged and undamaged were assessed during 2012 and 2013 cropping seasons in Lawanti, Gombe state, Northern Guinea Savannah region of Nigeria. Result of the study showed that neem seed oil and garlic bulb treatments at 5 % w/v were effective against the leaf beetles and water melon fruitfly as the synthetic insecticide karate 2.5 EC in managing the water melon insect pests. Karate 2.5 EC significantly reduced the infestation of the insect pests of water melon and increased number of leaves, vines, length of vines, number of fruits, fruit weight and number of undamaged fruits/plot followed closely by neem seed oil (A. indica) and garlic bulb (A. sativum) extracts. Water melon a growth and fruit yields were appreciably improved in these treatment while untreated control water melon crops had more leafs beetles and fruitfly infestations, poor plant growth and lower fruit yields. Both botanicals can thus serve as alternatives to synthetic insecticides for managing water melon leaf beetles and fruitfly attack.
Źródło:: International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 09
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:: Toxicological and environmental aspects of carrot fly [Psila rosae Fabr.] control
Autorzy:: Sadlo, S.
Filar, M.
Szpyrka, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/55198.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:: insecticide
environment
carrot fly
residue
parsley
chlorothalonil
fungicide
toxicology
plantation
pest control
insect
plant protection
Psila rosae
chlorpyrifos
carrot
Opis:: The objectives of this work were to describe the residual behaviour of chlorpyrifos (insecticide) and chlorothalonil (fungicide), applied for the protection of carrot and parsley plantations. The field tests were carried out at farms located near Rzeszów (South-Eastern Poland) on processing carrot and parsley destined for baby food production. The results obtained indicated that disappearance rate of chlorothalonil on carrot leaves was significantly faster and its half-life time was about 7 times shorter than that of chlorpyrifos. In weather conditions of 2006, chlorpyrifos residues in rape carrot and parsley roots were reduced to levels lower than MRL and even the rigorous value of 0.01 mg/kg.
Źródło:: Pestycydy; 2008, 1-2; 119-126
0208-8703
Pojawia się w:: Pestycydy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:: Badania laboratoryjne przydatnosci biopreparatu Dipel w redukcji prusakow [Blattella germanica L.]
Laboratory studies of the usefulness of the biopreparation Dipel for redukction of the population of german cocroaches [Blattella germanica L.]
Autorzy:: Zukowski, K
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/873190.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1993
Wydawca:: Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:: ochrona srodowiska
zwalczanie szkodnikow
owady
biopreparaty
badania laboratoryjne
szkodniki zywnosci
prusak
Blattella germanica
Dipel
szkodniki magazynowe
karaczany
environment protection
pest control
insect
biopreparation
laboratory research
food pest
German cockroach
Blatella germanica
Dipel biopreparation
storage pest
cockroach
Opis:: Określono wrażliwość prusaków (Blattella germanica L.) różnorodnych pod względem wieku i płci, na owadobójczy biopreparat z Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurs taki (Dipel).
In the studies conducted for finding of biological factors effectively controlling insects of hygienic importance German cockroaches were subjected to the action of an insecticide containing spores of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki. One gram of the insecticide contained 25 miliard (US billion) spores with protein endotoxin crystals. The inscets were given drinking water and food containing 1.0%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125% of the initial preparation. The experiment was carried out on 1800 cockroaches. Half of them (600 mature insects differentiated for sex and age and 300 larvae in stage 1st of development) were treated with the preparation, the remaining insects served for control. The insects were kept at about 28°C. After 9 days o the experiment in the group receiving 1% Dipel on food 76.4% mature insects and 83,0% larvae in 1st stage of development died. After 14 days all males died, and after 17 days died all females. In the control group died in that time 2.3% and 3.4% respectively. In case of lower per cent of the preparation in food the time of dying was prolonged, and at the lowest per cent it was 22 days. The study showed that Dipel effectively reduced the population of German cockroaches, and although in initial period its action was slower than that of chemical agents, it could be used for the control of these insects, especially as it in non-toxic for humans, warm-blooded animals and useful insects.
Źródło:: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 1993, 44, 2-3; 227-230
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:: Wplyw zerowania przedziorkow [Acari: Tetranychidae] na zawartosc wybranych metabolitow wtornych na lisciach ogorka
Autorzy:: Tomczyk, A
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/800020.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2006
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:: ogorki
zwiazki fenolowe
metabolity wtorne
szkodniki roslin
odpornosc roslin
liscie
zerowanie
kukurbitacyna
przedziorki
odpornosc na szkodniki
cucumber
phenolic compound
secondary metabolite
plant pest
plant resistance
leaf
insect foraging
cucurbitacin
spider mite
Tetranychidae
pest resistance
Opis:: Porównywano zawartość związków fenolowych oraz kukurbitacyn w liściach roślin ogórka nieuszkodzonych i uszkodzonych przez przędziorka chmielowca (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Próby do analiz pobierano z liści uszkodzonych oraz z liści młodych, na których nie zaobserwowano jeszcze śladów żerowania szkodnika. W młodych liściach ogórka stwierdzono wyższą zawartość związków fenolowych, w porównaniu z liśćmi starszymi. W wyniku uszkodzenia roślin przez przędziorki poziom fenoli w młodych liściach tych roślin wzrósł w porównaniu z analogicznymi liśćmi roślin kontrolnych, co spowodowało dużą różnicę w zawartości fenoli między młodymi i dojrzałymi liśćmi roślin uszkodzonych. Analiza frakcji fenolowej przy użyciu HPLC wykazała zwiększoną zawartość kwasu salicylowego i kwasu chlorogenowego w młodych liściach uszkodzonych roślin, w porównaniu z analogicznymi liśćmi roślin kontrolnych. Zwiększona zawartość związków fenolowych, przede wszystkim kwasu salicylowego w młodych, jeszcze nieuszkodzonych liściach na uszkodzonej roślinie, wskazuje na indukcję odporności systemicznej w roślinach zaatakowanych przez przędziorki. W dojrzałych liściach, uszkodzonych przez przędziorki, stwierdzono wzrost zawartości kukurbitacyn, znanych jako metabolity wtórne, wpływające na żerowanie szkodników na roślinach dyniowatych. Terpenoidy te mogą być dla przędziorków inhibitorami żerowania. Zwiększenie zawartości kukurbitacyn w liściach ogórka, uszkodzonych przez przędziorki, może stanowić reakcję obronną roślin.
A higher level of total phenols was found in young cucumber leaves, as compared to the older ones. As the effect of mite infestation the amount of phenolic compounds increased in young leaves and was much higher than in the analogical leaves of the undamaged plants. Analysis of phenolic fraction with HPLC showed an increase of two phenolic acids: chlorogenic and salicylic in the young leaves of damaged plants as compared to the control. An increased level of phenolic compounds in the young leaves of damaged plants indicates the induction of systemic defense in plants attacked by spider mites. In many cases the increased level of phenolic compounds can also be observed in the damaged leaves but probably it depends on the level of leaf injury. The concentration of phenols usually increases at the beginning of the pest feeding and later it decreases. In damaged leaves, however, a higher concentration of cucurbitacins, which are known as the compounds affecting pest feeding activity on cucurbits, was detected. These terpenoids can be attractants for some pests in low concentrations and have a deterrent effect in higher concentrations on other insect or mite species. The increase in cucurbitacin concentration in the spider mite infested leaves can be defined as a plant defense response.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2006, 509; 405-412
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:: Wymiana gazowa i plonowanie rzepaku ozimego w okresie zerowania slodyszka rzepakowego [Meligethes aeneus F.]
Autorzy:: Loboda, T
Lewandowski, M.
Markus, J.
Pietkiewicz, S.
Ostrowska, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/833867.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2000
Wydawca:: Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:: transpiracja
slodyszek rzepakowy
szkodniki roslin
plony
zerowanie
fotosynteza
rzepak ozimy
transpiration
pollen beetle
plant pest
yield
insect foraging
photosynthesis
winter rape
Źródło:: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops; 2000, 21, 1; 293-300
1233-8273
Pojawia się w:: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:: Susceptibility of Hypsipyla grandella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis strains
Autorzy:: Castro, M.T.
Montalvao, S.C.L.
Monnerat, R.G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66443.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Hypsipyla grandella
Lepidoptera
Pyralidae
susceptibility
Bacillus thuringiensis
pest
Meliaceae
insect attack
mahogany
Swietenia macrophylla
cedar
Cedrella odorata
andiroba
Carapa guianensis
branch
shoot
leaf
fruit
bark
root
Brazil
Opis:: The use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to control insect pests has already been established in various agronomic and forest crops. It is a bacterium that does not pollute the environment, is safe for mammals and vertebrates, lacks toxicity to plants and specifically targets insects. To date in-depth studies have not been conducted about the use of Bt to control the main pest of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) and other Meliaceae species, the Hypsipyla grandella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Therefore, this study aimed to test the pathogenicity of Bt strains on H. grandella caterpillars, as well to determine the lethal concentration required to kill 50% of the population (LC50) of the most promising strains. Ten strains of Bt toxic to lepidopteran proven in previous trials were used and these were incorporated into a natural diet with mahogany seeds to check their mortality. The LC50 of the top five strains was determined. The results indicate that H. grandella is highly susceptible to Bt toxins and the S1905 strain is highly toxic. Therefore, the use of Bt strains may be a tool to be incorporated into the integrated management of this important pest.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:: Biorational control of arthropod pests with emphasis on the use of the chitin synthesis inhibitor novaluron
Autorzy:: Ishaaya, I.
Lebedev, G.
Ghanim, M.
Horowitz, A.R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/55215.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:: biorational control
arthropod
pest
chitin synthesis
novaluron
insecticide
insect
growth regulator
buprofezin
diflubenzuron
chlorfluazuron
pyriproxyfen
tebufenozide
methoxyphenozide
neonicotinoid
imidacloprid
acetamiprid
thiamethoxam
glutamate receptor
gamma-aminobutyric acid
abamectin
Spinosad preparation
novel insecticide
Opis:: Efforts have been made during the past three decades to develop insecticides with selective properties that act specifically on biochemical sites present in a particular insect group, but whose properties differ from those present in mammals. This approach has led to the discovery of compounds that affect the hormonal regulation of molting and developmental processes in insects such as ecdysone agonists, juvenile hormone (JH) mimics and chitin synthesis inhibitors. The search for potent acylureas has led to the development of novaluron (Rimon) developed by Makhteshim Chemical Works. The LC-50 value of novaluron on 3rd-instar Spodoptera littoralis fed on treated leaves is approximately 0.1 mg a.i./liter. This value resembles that of chlorfluazuron and is tenfold lower than that of teflubenzuron. Novaluron affects nymphs of Bemisia tabaci more than chlorfluazuron and teflubenzuron. Artificial rain, at a rate of 40 mm/h applied 5 and 24 h after treatment in a cotton field had no appreciable effect on the potency of novaluron on both S. littoralis larvae and B. tabaci nymphs. Hence, novaluron can be used in tropical areas and during rainy seasons. In general, benzoylphenyl ureas had no direct effect on parasitoids and phytoseiids and are considered mildly affect other natural enemies. Novaluron has no cross-resistance with conventional insecticides, the JH mimics pyriproxyfen and neonicotinoids. As such, it is considered an important compound in pest management programs.
Źródło:: Pestycydy; 2011, 1-4
0208-8703
Pojawia się w:: Pestycydy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:: Aktywnosc migracyjna populacji kapturnika zbozowca Rhyzopertha dominica F. [Coleoptera, Bostrichidae] w warunkach zasiedlania nowego pokarmu
Autorzy:: Klys, M
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/809499.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2006
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:: zasiedlanie
liczebnosc populacji
aktywnosc migracyjna
Rhizopertha dominica
smiertelnosc
ziarno
szkodliwosc
kapturnik zbozowiec
pszenica
szkodniki magazynowe
insect inhabiting
population number
migration activity
mortality
grain
harmfulness
lesser grain borer
wheat
storage pest
Opis:: Obiekt prezentowanych badań stanowiła populacja kapturnika zbożowca (Rhyzopertha dominica F.), groźnego szkodnika magazynowanego ziarna zbóż i produktów spożywczych. Czynne przemieszczanie się osobników dorosłych tego gatunku po gładkiej powierzchni nie jest możliwe z powodu budowy ich ciała, jednak bardzo sprawnie poruszają się w obrębie pryzm ziarna. Wykazują, podobnie jak populacje innych chrząszczy spichrzowych, dużą aktywność migracyjną. Celem badań laboratoryjnych było zbadanie przebiegu procesu migracji w początkowym okresie zasiedlania ziarna pszenicy przez tego szkodnika. Ocenę aktywności migracyjnej oparto na analizie liczebności populacji oraz wskaźników: migracji, śmiertelności i struktury płciowej. Jako substrat w eksperymentach zastosowano pszenicę - optymalny pokarm dla tego gatunku owada. Badania prowadzono w temperaturze 28°C i RH 60 ±5 %. Stwierdzono, że rozprzestrzenianie się populacji kapturnika zbożowca w warunkach swobodnych migracji dwukierunkowych w początkowym okresie zasiedlania pokarmu prowadzi do szybkiego, równomiernego opanowywania całego dostępnego substratu. Ponadto samice tego gatunku wykazują wyższą aktywność migracyjną. Prowadzi to do rozprzestrzeniania się populacji i atakowania coraz to nowego ziarna zbóż. Stwierdzonej aktywności migracyjnej towarzyszy bardzo niska śmiertelność populacji.
The subject of presented study were populations of the lesser grain borer (R. dominica), a dangerous pest for stored cereal grain and food products. The active relocation of adult individuals of this species on smooth surfaces is impossible because of their body structure; however, they move very agilely on the areas of grain heaps. They demonstrate a high migration activity, similar to that observed in populations of other granary beetles. In laboratory tests the migration process in initial period of grain colonization by the pests was examined. The assessment of migration activity was based on analysis of population numbers and focused on determinants concerning migration, mortality rate and gender structure. Wheat was used in experiments, as the parent substance - optimal fodder for this insect species. The experiments were conducted at 28°C and 60 ±5 % r.h. It was found out that propagation of the lesser grain borer populations under undisturbed bi-directional migration conditions, during initial period of food colonization, leads to quick and uniform seizure of all substrate available. Moreover, females of this species demonstrate a higher migration activity. This results in propagation of the population and leads to attacks on other, new cored grains. Discovered migration activity was accompanied by very low mortality ratio.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2006, 515; 173-179
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:: Możliwości wykorzystania Mamestra dissimilis Knoch. do regulacji zachwaszczenia przez Rumex confertus Willd.
Mamestra dissimilis Knoch. potential to control weed infestation with mossy sorrel (Rumex confertus Willd.)
Autorzy:: Piesik, D.
Wenda-Piesik, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47114.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2005
Wydawca:: Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
Tematy:: Mamestra dissimilis
pietnowka zmienna
szkodniki roslin
zerowanie
Rumex confertus
szczaw omszony
chwasty
regulacja zachwaszczenia
biologiczne metody ochrony roslin
plant pest
insect foraging
weed
weed infestation control
biological plant protection
Opis:: Badania polowe i laboratoryjne prowadzono w celu oszacowania możliwości wykorzystania piętnówki zmiennej (Mamestra dissimilis Knoch., Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) do regulacji zachwaszczenia spowodowanego przez Rumex confertus (Willd.). W naturalnym siedlisku szczawiu badano dynamikę jego wzrostu oraz liczbę gąsienic piętnówki zmiennej zasiedlających roślinę w okresie 50 dni. Największą liczbę gąsienic odłowiono pod koniec pierwszej dekady czerwca, w czasie gdy roślina żywicielska miała już w pełni wykształconą rozetę. W warunkach laboratoryjnych badano wzrost masy ciała gąsienic oraz ich żerowanie w temperaturze 20oC. Zależności pomiędzy masą zjedzonych liści szczawiu omszonego a przyrostami masy larw L4 i L5 były statystycznie istotne (r = 0,97 i r = 0,88). Stwierdzono bardzo progresywny charakter żerowania larw L4, opisany równaniem 1. stopnia (r = 0,98). Wyliczono, że każdego dnia w ciągu 20 dni żerowania larwy zjadły o 5,9 mg więcej liści. Natomiast dla gąsienic L5 związek ten miał charakter funkcji 2. stopnia (r = 0,96). Oszacowana masa liści szczawiu omszonego, która uległa skonsumowaniu przez larwy piętnówki zmiennej w warunkach naturalnych, wyniosła 159,3 g, co stanowiło około 11% utraty biomasy żywiciela.
Field and laboratory research were conducted to determine the potential of Mamestra dissimilis Knoch., Lepidoptera: Noctuidae to control mossy sorrel (Rumex confertus Willd.). In the natural sorrel habitat a dynamics of the plant growth and the number of Mamestra dissimilis Knoch larvae occurring on that plant over 50 days were researched. The highest number of M. dissimilis larvae was caught at the end of the first decade of June when the host plant rosette was fully developed. In the laboratory, the weight of consumed food by larvae, and larval body weight were measured at 20oC. The relations between the weight of the mossy sorrel leaves consumed and L4 and L5 larvae body weight gains were significant, (r = 0.97 and r = 0.88, respectively). A very progressive feeding of L4 larvae was noted, which was defined by first degree equation (r = 0.98). It was calculated that each day over 20 days of feeding L4 larvae consumed about 5.9 mg more leaves than L5 larvae. For L5 larvae, the relationship was the second degree equation (r = 0.96). An estimated weight of mossy sorrel leaves consumed by M. dissimilis larvae under natural conditions was 159.3 g, which accounted for about 11% loss of the host biomass.
Źródło:: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2005, 04, 1
1644-0625
Pojawia się w:: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki