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Tytuł:
COVID-19 and the end of the rational illusion - Economics and management beyond rational decision making
Autorzy:
van Dam, Ynte K.
WILL, Markus
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14111508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-24
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Rationality
limits to rationality
COVID-19
Opis:
This is the editorial for CEREM 5(3)
Źródło:
Central European Review of Economics and Management; 2021, 5, 3; 7-11
2543-9472
Pojawia się w:
Central European Review of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rationality, Moral Motivation and Psychopathology
Autorzy:
Karolina, Jasser,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-22
Wydawca:
Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:
motivation
rationality
practical rationality
psychopathology
internalism
psychopathy
Opis:
Motivational internalism is a view according to which moral judgments are necessarily motivating. Rationalist internalism (RI) is the most popular version of this view; it limits internalism to people who are practically rational. Motivational internalism, including RI, has been criticized as being incompatible with research into certain personality disorder; in particular psychopathic personality and pathological personality which is the result of damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (shortened to VM damage). In this paper, I argue that many of the features of psychopathic personality and of VM damage, which some philosophers interpreted as direct proof against internalism, should be understood as having an effect on the practical rationality of the patients. This means that these personality disorders cannot be used as counter examples to RI and can, in fact, be seen as supporting RI to some extent . I begin by describing RI. I then turn to I describing the phenomenon of psychopathic personality and VM damage and their philosophically relevant features. Finally I discuss whether the features characterizing psychopathy and VM damage influence the degree to which these disorders can serve as counterexamples to internalism of the rationalist variety.
Źródło:
Studies in Global Ethics and Global Education; 2018, 9; 42-59
2392-0890
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Global Ethics and Global Education
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Types of Rationality in Discourses on Work in (Post)Transformation Poland
Autorzy:
Kubala, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106778.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-07-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Rationality
Type of Rationality
Work
Reflexive Modernization
Polska
Opis:
Rationality is the key concept for understanding the reproduction of social life in the era of reflexive modernization. A fusion of lessons learned from the constructivist view of the world and analysis of the hermeneutic category of pre-understanding has become the basis of my belief that rationality is nowadays the basic modal concept, and the forms of its existence shape the order of social life. In my research practice, rationality has become a link between my interest in work and the theory of social order development. In this paper, I briefly present the relations between the notion of rationality and the theory of reflexive modernization. Then, I present my research path and the tools used in the analyses. The most important part is devoted to the effects of the conducted research. I classify and describe the types of rationality present in discourses on work in Poland. The discourses of politicians, experts, and the so-called “ordinary people” were analyzed.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2022, 18, 3; 70-85
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Maturity of Stupidity: A Philosophical Attempt on Flaubert and Others
Autorzy:
de Warren, Nicolas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
Flaubert
rationality
stupidity
Opis:
Although it is commonly held that good sense is the most equally distributed of all things, it is just as commonly acknowledged that we humans excel at stupidity in its boundless varieties. The aim of these reflections is to make a start with a philosophical examination of stupidity, combining both literature, myth, and philosophy. Rather than propose a “theory” or “concept” of stupidity, this exploration charts the archipelago of stupidity in both its wisdom and folly.
Źródło:
Avant; 2018, 9, 2; 17-42
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The institutional context of rationality
Autorzy:
Godłów-Legiędź, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
behavioural economics
institutions
constructivist rationality
ecological rationality
economic order
Opis:
In the last three decades, mainstream economics has been influenced by authors associated with new institutional economics and new behavioral economics. The dispute over rationality as an assumption of economic theories is becoming particularly evident and is taking new forms. The aim of this article is to examine the connections between the institutional and behavioral approaches as well as between researchers’ ideas as to what rationality is and their beliefs regarding an optimal economic system. It will demonstrate that so-called behavioral and institutional economists have more in common than not. Institutions play a key role in the arguments of behavioural economists, whereas the argument of institutional economists is almost always based on the issue of human cognitive abilities and emotions. What directly links the two trends is the attention given to the rationality of actions that an individual takes as a premise of economic choices and as an assumption of economic theories. Differences in views relate to the understanding of rationality and exist within the framework of behavioral economics itself. At the core of the dispute is the distinction between two concepts of rationality: constructivist and ecological. This distinction serves as a starting point for the second matter discussed in the article. The author argues that the concept of constructivist rationality is related to the vision of the top-down creation of social order, while the proponents of the ecological approach to rationality stress the importance of market institutions. Interestingly, from the perspective of cognitive psychology and the heuristics of Daniel Kahneman, it can be presumed that the convictions of a scholar about the “ideal system” can influence his or her arguments on the essence of human rationality.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 5; 55-65
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Racjonalność gospodarowania finansami osobistymi
Personal Finance Management Rationality
Autorzy:
Musiał, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/587346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Finanse prywatne
Racjonalność
Racjonalność gospodarowania
Economic rationality
Private finance
Rationality
Opis:
This article raises the problem of rationality management of personal finances, discussing issues such as the selection of theories of rationality in economics, the essence of the process of managing of personal finances, the concept of rational management of personal finances. This article aims to systematize approaches of rationality in relation to the management of personal finances.(
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 180 cz 2; 174-184
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Can we remain rational in the large world? On some unexpected consequences of ecological rationality
Autorzy:
Gorazda, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
rationality
rational choice theory
ecological rationality
inclusive fitness
decision theory
Opis:
The paper outlines various concepts of rationality, their characteristics and consequences. In the first, most general part, the metaphysical, instrumental and discursive rationality is distinguished. The following part focuses on instrumental rationality and the rational choice theory and ordinal and cardinal utility, expected utility and game theory, respectively. All those concepts are summarised as being the most mathematically elegant and mostly decidable and helpful in the decision-making process. Giving primacy to individual preferences and withholding the judgment on their “objective” value, they are also devoid of double standards. They are, however, strongly normative and weakly coincide with actual agents’ behaviour. Empirical findings on agents’ decision making seem to demonstrate their irrationality, unless we introduce into the analysis different concepts of rationality, namely based on costs efficient heuristics, inclusive fitness and ecological rationality. They are discussed respectively, and although they seem better to explain the set of humans’ seemingly irrational behaviour, they are likely week in predicting that behaviour. They are also losing their normative dimension and thus cease to be helpful in decision making. Applying the particular theory of rationality, either descriptively or normatively, seems to depend strongly on the environment, which can be characterised by its extension from a small to a large world. The more the small world’s features an environment reveals, the more effective is the application of the particular model of rationality. Beyond the small worlds, rule stochasticity, underspecification and misspecification and the only reasonable method are consecutive trials and errors, which eventually may reduce the large world to the small one.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 71; 75-105
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Piękno i estetyka w matematyce
Beauty and Aesthetics in Mathematics
Autorzy:
Melosik, Zbyszko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15823398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-03-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
mathematics
beauty
aesthetics
rationality
Opis:
The article is devoted to the concept of beauty and aesthetics in mathematics. It first analyses the assumptions of rationality and objectivity of mathematics. In the second part, the article addresses the beauty and aesthetics in mathematical thinking and indicates profound skepticism in their validity. It likewise reconstructs the aesthetic dimension of Einstein’s theory. At the end, the author considers his own approach to aesthetics of theory in social sciences.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2021, 60; 103-112
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
WEWNĘTRZNA RACJONALNOŚĆ NAUK HISTORYCZNYCH
THE INTERNAL RATIONALITY OF HISTORY
Autorzy:
KURPANIK, Szymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909874.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
truth
rationality
historical sciences
Opis:
This article is an attempt to show a possible way to find out, what kind of rationality characterizes history. It bases on philosophical assumption that idea of rationality is always directly connected with idea of truth. Th is connection was presented in the article as an argument for treating the notion of historical truth as the right basis for analyze rationality of history. In light of modern theory of history, historical truth can be see from angle of the notion of truth proposed by Hilary Putnam and Willard Van Orman Quine. It means that it can be understand as the internal truth: truth dependent on its context. In accordance with main assumption, this fact allows history to try to think about its own rationality in similar way: to define it as internal (contextual) rationality, which accurately mirrors the individual character of historical cognition. Th e article points out theoretical problems potentially connected with above conception of rationality. Question, whether history has ability to analyze the rationality by its own instruments, was underlined as one of the most important.
Źródło:
Historia@Teoria; 2017, 2, 4; 95-108
2450-8047
Pojawia się w:
Historia@Teoria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Entity in neoliberalism – some critical reflections
Podmiot w neoliberalizmie – kilka refleksji krytycznych
Autorzy:
Szczygieł, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/431835.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
entity
neoliberalism
discourse
rationality
Opis:
In this article the author presents the problem of subjectivity in terms of neoliberal culture from a critical perspective. The author explores relation between neoliberalism and production of certain types of subjectivity. A useful tool undertaken in this analysis is Robert Kwaśnica’s concept of two rationalities: instrumental and emancipatory. Production of certain rationalities is reflected in the varying attitudes to themselves, other people and also in relation to the educational prospects. The author concludes that education often serves for improving situation on the labor market and competing with other units. This way of thinking is located in the perspective of instrumental rationality. It turns out that one of the key features of the neoliberal discourse is therefore building a specific identity of the individual, which reveals its educational value.
Źródło:
Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów; 2016, 17; 397-403
2084-2740
Pojawia się w:
Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A definition of the concept of economic effectiveness
Autorzy:
Poskart, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529784.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Effectiveness
rationality
efficiency
productivity
Opis:
The concept of economic effectiveness has often been interpreted in an ambiguous manner. There is no clear definition of it in the literature. Individual authors place stress on different elements of this concept. There are also different measures of effectiveness. This article aims to make the concept of economic effectiveness more precise
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2014, 2, 3; 179-187
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tradition as a Communication System. A Pragmatic Approach
Autorzy:
Grad, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/600497.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
rationality
inferentialism
tradition
modernity
Opis:
A context of my paper is the debate on reason, tradition and traditional communities, in which this moral and epistemological issues were discussed as a part of general socio-philosophical theory of modernity. In particular I intend to locate my considerations in the context of formal-pragmatic theory of modern communicative rationality developed by Jürgen Habermas and Robert Brandom. I will provide a competitive model of the rationality of tradition by applying a conceptual toolkit of pragmatically oriented analysis to explain practices connected with vocabulary of tradition. I argue that tradition as a communication system has a fully rational structure. My main claim is that communicative structure of tradition has a rational structure of language game. This structure includes defined principles of communication for members of closed tradition-grounded community and rule of inclusion for potential new members. Firstly I consider closely internal principles of communication within the framework of tradition contrasting them shortly with normative-deontic rules of the postenlightenment idea of pragmatic communication discussed by Jürgen Habermas and Robert Brandom. After that I examine the rule of inclusion — the rule, which mediates between closed system of tradition-based community and his environment.
Źródło:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris; 2015, 30
1689-4286
Pojawia się w:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O racjonalności i jej granicach
On Rationality and its Limits
Autorzy:
Kleszcz, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
metafilozofia
racjonalność
kryteria racjonalności
argumentacja filozoficzna
granice racjonalności
metaphilosophy
rationality
criteria of rationality
philosophical argumentation
limits of rationality
Opis:
In this paper I deal with the problem of rationality in the area of philosophy. The standard model of rationality proposes three conditions: 1) proper articulation, 2) respecting the requirements of logic, 3) sufficient justification. The main thesis of this paper is that the standard criteria of rationality should be reformulated in specialised areas, e.g. in philosophy or in general worldview. Simultaneously the author discusses the problem of limits of rationality as he accepts that its cognitive programme is limited. For this reasons some area of culture, e.g. literature (especially poetry) is beyond the limits of rationality.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2003, 51, 1; 171-190
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Siateczkowy model rozwoju nauki a struktura racjonalnego działania
The Reticulated Model of Scientifi c Change and the Structure of Rational Action
Autorzy:
Michalska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
RATIONALITY
Opis:
In the paper I put to analysis the reticulated model of scientific change, introduced by Larry Laudan in his Science and Values, aiming at reconstruction of the concept of rationality it presupposes. In elaborating on the model's structure I draw on Jurgen Habermas' s theory of speech acts and discuss the concept of instrumental rationality. I argue that in the area of philosophy of science, the model heralds the demise of a classical ideal of rationality, based solely on the notion of justification of judgments. My claim is that reticulated model demands that the analytical paradigm, the scope of which remains confined to a semantic dimension of science, should be replaced with a properly understood instrumental model of rationality, displaying both semantic and pragmatic facet of cognition.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2011, 47, 1(187); 41-58
0044-1619
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sytuacja dydaktyczna z perspektywy kompetencji komunikacyjnych nauczycieli akademickich
The didactic situation from the perspective of academic teacher communication skills
Autorzy:
Jakubczak-Chodźko, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/644757.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
rationality
communication skills
communication
Opis:
Jakubczak-Chodźko Magdalena, Sytuacja dydaktyczna z perspektywy kompetencji komunikacyjnych nauczycieli akademickich [The didactic situation from the perspective of academic teacher communication skills]. Kultura – Społeczeństwo – Edukacja nr 2(14) 2018, Poznań 2018, pp. 111–117, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2018.14.9. This article shows a mode of perception of the relevant didactic situation from the perspective of teacher-held communicatio skills. Using the analysis of rationality, presented are new areas of perception of teacher competence. In addition, with the aid of the approach presented by Jürgen Habermas, it was possible to analyse the significance of communication skills as key in the teaching profession.
Źródło:
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja; 2018, 14, 2; 111-117
2300-0422
Pojawia się w:
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Racjonalność, normatywne zaangażowanie i autonomia podmiotu
Rationality, Commitment and Autonomy
Autorzy:
Kwarciński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
rationality
commitment
autonomy
subjectivity
Opis:
Amartya K. Sen is criticised for a modification of mainstream rational choice theory by an introduction of the commitment concept. This kind of modification sometimes is treated as a mistake. This article attempts to interpret the Amartya Sen’s concept of rationality. The means to this end will be an analysis of the ways of explanation of socalled Sen’s mistake. Three critical approaches to Sen’s concept of rationality made by Philip Pettit, Daniel Hausman and Geoffrey Brenan will be examined. In conclusion Sen’s concept of rationality, which includes the concept of commitment, should be interpreted as an approach which provides a subject with an autonomous expression of oneself, agency, responsibility and skills of critical thinking.
Źródło:
Prakseologia; 2014, 156; 297-325
0079-4872
Pojawia się w:
Prakseologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Świadomość mityczna jako problem filozoficzny
Mythical Consciousness as a Philosophical Problem
Autorzy:
Ples, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/423154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
MYTH
CONSCIOUSNESS
RATIONALITY
EXPRESSION
Opis:
The article Mythical consciousness as a philosophical problem is an at- tempt to analyze the subjective reflection of a myth that is concentrated on such notions as: “mythical consciousness”, “mythical imagination”, “mythical thought” or “logic of myth”. The analysis shows the main theses and pro- blems of subjective reflection of the myth, based on philosophical theories (E. Cassirer, L. Kołakowski) and also on the concepts which developed in the area of the cultural anthropology (B. Malinowski, L. L´evy-Bruhl, J.G. Frazer, C. L´evi-Strauss).
Źródło:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych; 2012, 24; 5-18
0860-4487
Pojawia się w:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Psychologiczne źródła teorii spiskowych
Psychological sources of conspiracy theories
Autorzy:
Guzowski, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945741.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
conspiracy theories
productive rationality
limited rationality
Stoczkowski
teorie spiskowe
racjonalność wydajna
racjonalność ograniczona
Opis:
Conspiracy theory, according to the definition proposed by Sunstein and Vermeule is an effort to explain some event or practice by reference to the machinations of powerful people, who attempt to conceal their role (at least until their aims are accomplished). In this article I would like to present cognitive mechanisms that make some people prefer conspirational thinking. To explain the source of conspiratorial thinking and the emergence of conspiracy theories I will use distinction introduced by Wiktor Stoczkowski between productive and limited rationality. This mechanism can explain the adoption of beliefs underlying limited rationality.
Źródło:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris; 2016, 33 (2)
1689-4286
Pojawia się w:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Racjonalność działania i jej ograniczenia
Rationality of Action and Its Limitations
Autorzy:
Moraczewski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16433041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Culture
rationality
functionalism
cultural materialism
Opis:
The article is discusses possible limitations of the rationalistic concept of human action within cultural theory. Here, rationality of human action is construed in terms of decision theory. Two kinds of limitations are considered: (1) resulting from non-rationalistic conceptions of human action; (2) implied by anti individualistic approaches to socio-cultural phenomena, especially structuralist and functionalist ones. Proposed conclusions aim for a reconciliation of rationalistic theory of action and principal premises of cultural materialism.
Źródło:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia; 2018, 18; 363-385
2082-5951
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cultivating fiction in the iron cage of reason: some remarks on knowledge, power and democracy
Autorzy:
Filipowicz, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1916672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rationality
knowledge
interpretation
freedom
democracy
Opis:
The article confronts key notions framing our understanding of modernity, such as rationality, knowledge, freedom and democracy, opening the space of a critical interpretation undermining the superficial take on modernity as an embodiment of integrity, putting together the noble principles of knowledge and liberty. Drawing on the thought of Max Weber, exploring the symbolism of his metaphor of “iron cage of rationality”, the article emphasizes a paradoxical sense of the experience of modernity. In concluding statements it defies and calls into question a standard reading of democracy, viewed as an embodiment of freedom and rational self-definition.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2020, 3
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Racjonalność sprawców przestępstw przeciw mieniu – implikacje dla profilaktyki i resocjalizacji
Rationality of Property Criminals: Implications for Prevention and Rehabilitation
Autorzy:
Wójcik, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/459743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
rationality
decision
offender
punishment
rehabilitation
Opis:
In light of the "rehabilitation crisis," Polish society expresses the need to introduce more severe penalties. The results of surveys and public opinion pools clearly show that the Poles demand heavier sanctions. Does a potential threat of punishment provide an effective deterrent against committing crimes? This paper discusses the problem of rational thinking of property criminals. The study conducted among prisoners allows us to argue that the perpetrator at the stage of decision making is not acutely aware of the possible consequences of committing a crime. The obtained results would enable us to launch a program facilitating prevention and rehabilitation, which could lead to a decrease in the rate of property crimes.
Źródło:
Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk; 2012, 2
2084-1426
Pojawia się w:
Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of mathematical competences and cognitive effort on the appearance of the framing effect
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek, Aleksander
Przybyszewski, Krzysztof
Rutkowska, Dorota
Sosnowska, Honorata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943165.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-05-25
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
bounded rationality
framing effect
experiment
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to check whether mathematical competences influence some manifestations of bounded rationality. A special example of bounded rationality called “framing effect” is dealt with to analyze empirically the thesis that mathematical competences and cognitive effort may reduce the framing effect. Two kinds of cognitive effort: probabilistic and deductive are analysed. Experiments were conducted using samples of Polish students, both mathematically and business oriented. As an example of a framing situation an example called “Asian disease”, (the first analyzed and the most popular example of the framing effect), is considered. The thesis that a mathematical background may diminish the occurrence of the framing effect was partly confirmed.
Źródło:
Economics and Business Review; 2018, 4(18), 2; 64-79
2392-1641
Pojawia się w:
Economics and Business Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozumne zachowania zwierząt w relacji Marka Tulliusza Cycerona
Rational Behaviour of Animals as According to Marcus Tullius Cicero
Autorzy:
Danek, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Cicero
rationality
Stoics
animals
reasonableness
Opis:
Having analysed Cicero’s opinions about wild animals demonstrated in some of his works (De finibus bonorum et malorum; De natura deorum; Tusculanae disputationes), we may conclude that on the one hand a human as a rational being is definitely opposed to other living creatures that just follow their carnal instincts, on the other hand even among representatives of various species of animals one can observe behaviour to some extent rational, or even “ethical”, that make them similar to human beings. We may explain this phenomenon with the concept based on the Stoic doctrine of rational or even somehow divine character of nature that contains in itself elements of gradation, and allows the presence of divine ratio in particular beings to differ in intensity, what locates animals in the hierarchy of beings slightly lower than the humans.
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Źródło:
Collectanea Philologica; 2017, 20; 53-62
1733-0319
2353-0901
Pojawia się w:
Collectanea Philologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The rise of cognition industry and the impoverishment of scientific reason
Narodziny przemysłu poznawczego i pauperyzacja rozumu naukowego
Autorzy:
Filipowicz, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
enlightenment
rationality
cognition
mythology
science
Opis:
The article, drawing on the tradition of Frankfurt School, brings to the focus a great paradox of the Enlightenment – a hidden affinity of rationality and mytho- logy. Noticing the phenomenon of great enthusiasm, underlying the message of the Enlightenment, it tries to pin down the starting point of a new scientistic eschatology – bringing to life a mirage of unending prosperity and unlimited pro- fusion, following the advances of science. The idea of accumulation of knowledge is approached as a pivot of a new mythology. At the same time, putting light on the notion of “cognition industry”, the article offers critical insights tracing an inevitable erosion of high-minded dreams and expectations. Cognition industry is studied as a machinery turning up-side down the hopes of the Enlightenment – protecting the interests of instrumental rationality, and replacing the ideal of getting at the truth with the mechanism putting in motion the “production” of truth, operating in a domain of narrowly calibrated utility.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2022, 1; 7-36
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy emocje mogą być racjonalne. Analiza wybranych aspektów filozofii emocji Ronalda de Sousy
Can Emotions Be Rational? The Analysis of Some Aspects of Ronald De Sousas Philosophy of Emotion
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1622032.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
emotions
objectivity of emotions
truth of emotions
rationality
rationality of emotions
axiological rationality
racjonalność emocji
racjonalność
prawdziwość emocji
obiektywność emocji
emocje
racjonalność aksjologiczna
Opis:
In the paper I examine the three aspects of Ronald de Sousa’s philosophy of emotions:intentionality, objectivity, and rationality of emotions. In the beginning, I putup the basic question, how he sees emotions? De Sousa argues that emotions are a kind of perception (perception of axiological properties). At the same time hedefends an objectivist approach to emotions. It implies that emotion apprehendssomething in the world that exists independently of us. The fundamental question,how emotions relate to their objects, leads to the inquiry on the intentional structureof emotion and, then, to the study of the truth of emotion. Finally, I reconstruct a veryimportant study concerning rationality: cognitive rationality, strategic rationality,and axiological rationality. The latter one is specific to the emotions.
Źródło:
Analiza i Egzystencja; 2016, 35; 113-137
1734-9923
2300-7621
Pojawia się w:
Analiza i Egzystencja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rzymski racjonalizm. Teoria piśmienności przeciwko teorii sekularyzacji
Autorzy:
Paweł, Grad,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/897020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09-11
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
secularization
postsecularism
orality
literacy
rationality
Opis:
My article undermines one of the secularization theory theses and a post-secular paradigm based on it by means of the literacy theory. The studies on literacy and orality allow us to question the thesis that secularization and rationalization of religion consists in the transition from gesture and ritual based communication to verbal communication. Contrary to this theory of Jürgen Habermas, I claim that lingualisation and codification of the sacred by the medium of writing is a standard way of the historical development of religion, which seeks to preserve its integrity under the pressure of a historical change, including the secularization pressure The threat of emergence of contradictory interpretations, competing with each other, is a direct cause of the canonization of religion, and thus its “rationalization” – this phenomenon is described in the second paragraph. We can illustrate them well on the example of Catholic Counter-Reformation, which I do in the third paragraph. As a result of these considerations, the picture of the literate religion emerges which presents it as a legal system regulating forms of life rather than as a collection of symbols expressing pre-rational beliefs. Such an approach requires verification of the assumptions of the post-secular project, which I do in the last paragraph.
Źródło:
Przegląd Humanistyczny; 2017, 61(2 (457)); 125-134
0033-2194
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Humanistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rationality as the condition of individual rights in David Gauthier’s "Morals by Agreement"
Rationalität als Bedingung für individuelle Rechte in David Gauthiers "Morals by Agreement"
Autorzy:
Saar, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2034035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-21
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Rationality
utility
rights
Gauthier
choice
Opis:
The topic of this paper is the foundation for individual rights proposed by David Gauthier in his seminal 1986 book Morals by Agreement, and particularly the role of conception of rationality in this foundation. The foundation of rights is a part of Gauthier’s broader enterprise: to ground morals in rationality – more specifically, in the economic conception of rationality. Because of the importance of this conception for the whole of Gauthier’s project, we reconstruct first the conception of rationality which can be found in decision theory and game theory, presenting simultaneously in a relatively non-technical way some basic concepts of the aforementioned disciplines. We proceed then to reconstruction of the foundation of rights itself – it turns on Gauthier’s interpretation of the so-called “Lockean proviso.” Lastly, we turn to the connection between rationality and foundation of rights. It is to be found in the narrow compliance – the disposition to enter only into cooperation which satisfies conditions of fairness set out in part by the Lockean proviso.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica; 2021, 38; 115-130
0208-6107
2353-9631
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic rationality of students at Poznań universities. Does place of origin matter?
Autorzy:
Barszczewski, Michał Jakub
Żyła, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
behavioral economics
heuristics
economic rationality
Opis:
In this paper, economic rationality is measured using the tools of behavioral economics, and the extent to which factors such as field of study, place of origin, gender, interest in economics and economic situation affect this rationality is determined. The authors hypothesize that among these factors, place of origin may be of particular importance due to, among other things, differences in the quality of education between urban and rural areas. In order to verify this hypothesis, Poisson regression and data from a survey conducted on a sample of 232 students of universities in Poznań were used. The developed model proved that the influence of both field of study and interest in economics was statistically significant. Moreover, in some cases place of origin and economic situation (if one’s situation is classified as the worst) were also significant factors. The findings from the survey allowed us to identify the profile of the least economically rational student: a person from a town of up to 250,000 inhabitants, in a field of study within the humanities, in the worst financial situation.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2022, 65, 3; 281-289
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish Logicians in the Years 1918-1948 on Social Functions of Logic
Autorzy:
Woleński, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38423583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
education
rationality
science
philosophy
thinking
Opis:
The Polish School of Logic flourished in the period 1920-1939. Philosophically, it was influenced by Kazimierz Twardowski, professor at the University of Lwow (now Lviv in Ukraine), who established the Lwow-Warsaw School, to which the mentioned logical group belonged. Twardowski claimed that logic is very important in every kind of human activity, professional as well as private. Hence, every argument should be clearly formulated and proceed by correct inferential rules. These postulates involved semiotics, formal logic, and methodology of science — that is, logica sensu largo. This position was accepted by Twardowski’s most distinguished students, such as Jan Łukasiewicz, Stanisław Leśniewski, Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, and Tadeusz Kotarbiński, who graduated before 1914, as well as the next generation of logicians and philosophers, particularly by Alfred Tarski. Although all these people considered logic, philosophy, and science as completely neutral with respect to politics and ideology, they treated logical skills as indispensable in political activities. In philosophical specialized terminology, Polish logicians regarded logic as a weapon against irrationalism. This position was also represented by Polish logicians who did not belong to the group of Twardowski’s students.
Źródło:
Filozofia Nauki; 2022, 30, 1; 67-81
1230-6894
2657-5868
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kilka uwag o racjonalności. Wprowadzenie
Several Remarks on Rationality. Introduction
Autorzy:
Stachewicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402454.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
racjonalność
racjonalizm
logos
racja
Józef Ratzinger
nowa racjonalność
rationality
rationalism
ratio
Joseph Ratzinger
new rationality
Opis:
Rationalism is an attempt to describe the nature of reason and to delimit its scope. All types of rationalism treat reason as a high value not only cognitive but also moral. This article is a short historical synthesis showing certain crucial points in the history of understanding reason and rationality. It also draws some points of evolutionary shifts or revolutionary changes. Reason as logos and reason as ratio, reason of the Enlightment scientism and irrationalism and finally the search for new rationality. The article also poses the question whether the cognitive standpoint, on the ground of which rationalism developed, is fundamental in human life.
Źródło:
Filozofia Chrześcijańska; 2009, 6; 7-15
1734-4530
2450-0399
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Chrześcijańska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Idea społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu w kontekście racjonalności instrumentalnej i koherencyjnej
The idea of corporate social responsibility regarding instrumental and coherent models of rationality
Autorzy:
Litwiński, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/694076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
corporate social responsibility
instrumental rationality
coherent rationality
społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu
racjonalność instrumentalna
racjonalność koherencyjna
Opis:
The growing competition among enterprises makes them realise two basic values: economic (profit maximisation) and social (satisfying of stakeholders’ needs). The idea of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is also spreading. However, not all organisations that engage in such activities do this selflessly. The aim of the article is to verify the assumption that the activity in CSR is often instrumental. To achieve this goal the author carried out a complex analysis of the literature and in the activity of companies that engage in the social sphere. The deliberations were based on two models of rationality: instrumental and coherent. The results indicate that CSR instrumentalisation is an expression of tendency, observed in western culture, that regards the increase in instrumental rationality at the expense of a coherent model. The consequence is a gradual termination of development opportunities in the western civilisation.
Idea społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu zyskuje współcześnie coraz większą popularność. Wskazuje się jednak, że nie wszystkie organizacje, których działania wpisują się w ten nurt, kierują się chęcią realizacji wartości społecznej w sposób bezinteresowny. Dlatego też autor opracowania podejmuje problem prawdziwych motywacji przedsiębiorstw, które promują się jako społecznie odpowiedzialne. Celem artykułu jest uzasadnienie tezy, że działania w zakresie społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu są w coraz większym stopniu instrumentalizowane. Osiągnięciu celu opracowania służy analiza literatury przedmiotu oraz przegląd badań odnoszących się do działań społecznie zaangażowanych współczesnych przedsiębiorstw. Rozważania zostały przy tym osadzone w kontekście dwóch modeli racjonalności: instrumentalnego i koherencyjnego. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy wskazują, że instrumentalizacja idei CSR (ang. corporate social responsiblity) stanowi coraz częstsze zjawisko. W kontekście stosowania idei CSR jest to równoznaczne z jej porzuceniem ze względu na zmniejszenie jej skuteczności jako narzędzia budowy przewagi konkurencyjnej (z uwagi na coraz częstsze wykorzystanie).
Źródło:
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny; 2017, 79, 3; 205-212
0035-9629
2543-9170
Pojawia się w:
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teachers and their Habitus -a few Reflections on Educational Activity
Autorzy:
Szczurek-Boruta, Alina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1998080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
teacher
educational activity
rationality
habitus
borderland
Opis:
In the study, the author refers to R. Kwaśnica’s concept of two rationalities and to P. Bourdieu’s constructivist structuralism. She assumes that the teacher’s activity takes place within the limits of two (adaptive and emancipatory) rationalities in a specific “field”, with a particular social, cultural and human capital, and with a developed habitus which determines educational practice. A research report is presented. This is done in the form of a record of the current state and socio-civilizational changes which have influenced teachers working in the southern part of the Polish-Czech borderland. Research results show both the continuity and change of the teacher’s behavior and activity from the perspective of social time and social change. They allow for a closer insight into the structure of pedagogical activities and their effects. The strategy of lon- gitudinal comparisons was applied. Diagnostic polling and the interview were used along with the (repeatable) panel method. The studies were conducted in time spans (1998, 2008, 2016) and they concerned the measurement of the teacher’s perception of the “other” learner in class, self-reflection upon the role applied by the teacher, and the teacher’s competences. The obtained research results allow for discovering the characteristics of the teacher’s habitus, for understanding the mechanisms of its functioning and for the effective design of educational activity.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2017, 48; 190-200
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How Does One Learn? Is There a Method?
Autorzy:
Hilcenko, Christine
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Tematy:
knowledge
learning
rationality
reflection
intuition
reasoning
Opis:
The definition of learning is to gain or acquire knowledge of or skill in (something) by study, experience, or being taught. We discuss here the different methods of learning in traditional and modern societies. We conclude that what we have learned to date is negligible compare to what remains to learn.
Źródło:
Journal of Education, Technology and Computer Science; 2020, 11, 1(31); 61-63
2719-6550
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education, Technology and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekonomia behawioralna: od koncepcji racjonalności do wizji ustroju ekonomicznego
Behavioral economics: from a concept of rationality to a vision of an economic system
Autorzy:
Godłów-Legiędź, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
behavioral economics
rationality
neoclassical economics
institutionalism
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to show the diversity in behavioral economics from both a normative and an explanatory point of view. Based on a critical analysis of the literature, the author presents behavioral economics from three perspectives: the perspective of diversification of the ideas about the way of functioning of human mind and normative suggestions concerning rationality, the perspective of connections between views on rationality and on the optimal economic system, and the perspective of the relationship between a psychological and institutional approach in economics. The analysis leads to the conclusion that in behavioral economics, we can find two opposite approaches to rationality, which result in different assessments of both individual behavior as well as the functioning of social institutions. The ”old” school of behavioral economics, which developed the concept of ecological rationality, is closely related to the institutional approach. The ”new” behavioral economics is less critical of neoclassical economics. It is a consequence of their tendency to interpret rationality in a constructivist spirit. But it is worth emphasizing the important common feature connecting both schools of behavioral economics with institutional economics. Institutionalism and the old school of behavioral economics emphasize the role of institutions from the cognitive, normative, and regulatory perspectives. The new behavioral economics adopts a normative conception of rationality close to that of neoclassical economics, but strongly accentuates the contextual character of human knowledge and behavior, i.e. one of the fundamental principles of the Kahneman school is framing decisions. There is an analogy between how social institutions on the one hand, and the formulation of the problem on the other affect the decisions of the individual. An architecture of choice is created as a result of the activities of private entities and governments. The advocates of libertarian paternalism are conscious of the threat stemming from the fact that cognitive deficiencies affect not only individuals as private entities, but also individuals as regulators and experts, hence their caution with respect to regulatory solutions. Behavioral economics as well as institutional economics both show various aspects and the complexity of the problem of coordination and regulation in a social system. The development of these two streams of economic thought reflects a return to a more balanced approach, both with respect to the assumptions of economic theory as well as with respect to reaching political conclusions based on economic theory.
Źródło:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu; 2013, 4 (25); 24-41
2080-5977
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In what Sense Can the Scientifically Driven Theology Be Considered as a Continuation of the Doctrinal Tradition?
Autorzy:
Grygiel, Wojciech P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1828624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
rationality
nominalism
conceptual basis
evolutionary theology
Opis:
The central goal of the presented article is to show that the type of rationality proper to the method of the contemporary sciences yields a unique conceptual environment in which the spirit of rationality instilled to the theological thought by its encounter with the Greek philosophy finds its natural expansion. At the outset, the origins of the Greek rationality in the Ionian school of philosophy are briefly discussed in order to illuminate their adequacy for the exposition and defense of doctrine in the times of the early Church Fathers. Next, the specificity of the scholastic method of St. Thomas Aquinas briefly surveyed to indicate the nature of the unique harmony between faith and reason achieved by the Angelic Doctor. In the following step, the role of rationality in theology is gleaned through negative examples of its elimination as evident in nominalism and the subsequent Lutheran intervention. This is followed by a short discourse into of the origins and the specificity of the contemporary scientific method with particular emphasis on the method’s unique potential to expand and deepen the Greek rationality. Finally, a case study of the evolutionary theology is offered in which the implementation of the dynamic (evolutionary) picture of the Universe as the conceptual foundation opens up new and profound ways of understanding the Universe’s meaning and the meaning of man in particular. Thus the spirit of the hellenistic rationality in theology is not only preserved but also significantly enhanced.
Źródło:
Theological Research. A Journal of Systematic Theology; 2018, 6; 31-52
2300-3588
Pojawia się w:
Theological Research. A Journal of Systematic Theology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Racjonalność, jako element wiary w wybranych wyznaniach chrześcijańskich
Rationality as an element of faith in selected Christian denominational families
Autorzy:
Szczypiński, Olaf
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2154343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12
Wydawca:
Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
Tematy:
rationality
Joseph Ratzinger
faith
knowledge
reason
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present the manner in which the following denominational families: Protestantism, Orthodox Christianity and Catholicism argue in order to support the substance of faith. Aim which is formulated in such a way implies an answer to a question: is rationality an indispensable element of faith of the denominational families herein? Research is being conducted on the basis of the assumption analysis of the selected denominational families through the prism of what the said state about themselves. Therefore, catechisms or their manifestos which take the form of catechisms, as well as documents of papal preaching and reflections of theologists constitute the starting point. In order to avoid methodological issues and at the same time to enable the comparison of the three denominational families, the author employs a common schema of discussing the assumptions: a. understanding of faith; b. recognition and concept of God; c. criteria of theological reflection. Such a mannerof solving the problem reveals the extent to which these major Christian families emphasise abilities of reason in the act of faith. The outcome of the critical analysis and of the comparison of statements of the selected confessions is typology, which reveals the amount of rationality of the denominational families herein.
Źródło:
Studia Elbląskie; 2014, 15; 245-262
1507-9058
Pojawia się w:
Studia Elbląskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pragmatic Objectivity
Autorzy:
Marsonet, Michele
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
Objectivity
Pragmatism
Realism
Idealism
World
Rationality
Opis:
Nicholas Rescher writes that “objectivity is not something we infer from the data; it is something we must presuppose. It is something that we postulate or presume from the very outset of our dealings with people’s claims about the world’s facts”. Such definition is just the opposite of objectivity conceived of in classical terms, but it cannot be equated with an idealistic viewpoint according to which objectivity is something that our mind simply creates in the process of reflection. It is, rather, a sort of cross-product of the encounter between our mind-shaped capacities, and a surrounding reality made up of things that are real in the usual meaning of the term. Science itself gives us some crucial insights in this direction, since it shows that we see, say, tables and trees in a certain way which, however, does not match the image that scientific instruments are able to attain. Does this mean that our commonsense view of the world is totally wrong and that nature deceives us? This is not the case. The difference between the commonsense and the scientific image of the world is explainable by the fact that we are evolutionary creatures. Nature has simply endowed human beings with tools and capacities that enable them to survive in an environment which - at least in remote eras - was largely hostile. Our way of seeing tables and trees is what is requested for carrying on a successful fight for the survival of the species: nothing more - and nothing less - is needed for achieving this fundamental goal. Turning once again to the problem of ontological objectivity, the picture has now gained both strength and clarity. If we recall that human endeavors, although occurring in a largely autonomous social and linguistic world, are nevertheless limited by the constraints that natural reality forces upon us, we begin to understand that the social-linguistic world itself is not a boat freely floating without directions. If the boat is there, it means that an explanation of its presence is likely to be obtained if only we are patient enough to look for it. Some kind of hand must be on the wheel, giving the boat indications on Contrary to other pragmatist-flavored positions popular nowadays, this approach maintains that universality has a fundamental and unavoidable function in our rational endeavors. This is due to the fact that “presupposition” and “hypothetical reasoning” are key ingredients of our very capacity to rationalize the world in which we live. Indeed, there can be no rationality without universality.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2014, 09; 43-54
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Towards assisted rationality switching in negotiations
Autorzy:
Nieciecka, Weronika
Szapiro, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2183434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
negotiation process
rationality
deprivation of needs
Opis:
The text attempts to provide a comprehensive outlook on negotiation processes and support procedures, by deriving a mathematical description based on psychological and managerial context. The authors merge psychological and formal descriptions of the principles underlying the perception of rationality in negotiation problems. The framework allows for explaining the violation of perceived rationality as a result of the deprivation of human needs. The argument, supported by pilot experiments, allows for recommending a procedural approach to negotiation, focused on monitoring perceptions of rationality of proposal submission. The paper is concluded with an attempt to foresight further developments of theoretical investigations and expansion of application fields.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2021, 50, 1; 127--143
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Świętego Tomasza z Akwinu możliwy dialog z „nowym ateizmem”
Saint Thomas Aquinas’ Possible Dialogue with the “New Atheism”
Autorzy:
Pałubicki, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
Saint Thomas Aquinas
New Atheism
rationality
Opis:
The author considers a possible dialogue between Saint Thomas Aquinas and representatives of the New Atheism. His interest focuses on the controversy about the existence of God. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part the author presents main claims of the doctrine of the New Atheism. In the sec-ond he shows different conceptions of mind (reason) and rationality. In the last he presents Saint Thomas’ conception of rationality based on his metaphysical system. Undertaken considerations lead to a conclusion that the correct concep-tion of mind (reason) is a possible starting point in possible discussion with the New Atheism.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2013, 15, 3; 279-289
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oblicza racjonalności w ekonomice usług
Faces of Rationality in Service Economics
Autorzy:
Skąpska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/586504.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Ekonomia
Racjonalność
Usługi
Economics
Rationality
Services
Opis:
Rationality is a characteristic of any business activity. However, it still constitutes a ground for never-ending consideration, especially in relation to service economics. It is due to the fact that economic laws, which are applied in the field, are subject to rapid changes. The dilemma is establishing defined regularities that carry the traits of scientific generalizations characteristic of the field of services. They are recurrent relations between particular components of a service process. It is duty of a service decision-maker to establish a system of proceedings, which will ensure relatively full realization of preset goals connected with obtaining utility values out of the services at an every stage of the providing process. The aim of this article is to produce depiction of a rationality problem in a service business activity.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 180 cz 2; 257-266
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od empiryzmu zorientowanego na cele do racjonalności kooperacyjnej.Uwagi na temat projektu filozoficznego Nicholasa Maxwella
FROM AIM ORIENTED EMPIRICISM TO COOPERATIVE RATIONALLY. REMARKS ON NICHOLAS MAXWELL’S PHILOSOPHICAL PROJECT
Autorzy:
Michalska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577262.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AOE
RATIONALITY
REVOLUTION
SCIENTIFIC GROWTH
COMPREHENSIBILITY
Opis:
The paper examines the transition between Nicholas Maxwell’s philosophy of science, called Aim Oriented Empiricism (AOE), and the project of the revolution in the sciences and the arts advocated by him. The aim is to demonstrate that, contrary to what author seems to be convinced of, the former does not entail the latter. It is at the same time argued that the conception of science propounded by Maxwell has serious pragmatic consequences and marks out certain attitudes – AOE does indeed necessitate far-reaching institutional changes, yet these ought to be viewed as the results of rank-and-file initiatives and transformations as opposed to being construed as the upshot of attempted implementation of a philosophic design.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2011, 47, 3(189); 305-323
0044-1619
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Religia, nauka, paranauka. Zarządzanie lękami o treści naukowej w internecie rosyjskojęzycznym
Religion, Science, Parascience. Science-based Fears in the Russian-language Internet
Autorzy:
Rogińska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
science
parascience
religion
fear
rationality
discourse
Opis:
This paper aims at reconstruction of the main fear patterns that have arisen as a side effect of scientific achievements. We try to show that a significant number of them refer to the image of the world as inanimate mechanism. To relieve these fears and integrate scientific claims into a coherent worldview, one must use other types of rationality, such as the theological one, or rely on a nonrational response. These processes, however, are deeply embedded in the social context. The analysis focuses on the internet discursive practices of the three important actors (science, parascience and traditional religion) competing for their expert monopoly to define the world and offering their own answers to science-based fears. We learn that the boundaries of the discourses are closely guarded, while the tension appears where they are violated explicitly. This fact probably explains why “orthodox” authors (science and religion) treat parascience so aggressively. In trying to be “native” in each discourse, everywhere parascience remains “heretic,” the one threatening the status quo, the disturbing and annoying Stranger.
Źródło:
Studia Religiologica; 2013, 46, 2; 119-134
0137-2432
2084-4077
Pojawia się w:
Studia Religiologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Makdonaldyzacja polskiego systemu edukacyjnego
McDonaldization of the Polish Educational System
Autorzy:
Welskop, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
McDonaldization
education
education system
“irrationality rationality”
Opis:
McDonaldization is present in many areas of social life and its various attributes like efficiency,calculability, predictability, and control determine the rhythm of human activity in society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the educational system in Poland from the perspective of the McDonaldization phenomenon, thereby drawing attention to the role of the consumer culture in the fieldof education and to show the progress of the globalization process and its side effects in this field.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2017, 44; 317-328
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Formal Theory and Value Judgments
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Marek
Lissowski, Grzegorz
Świstak, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-01-07
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
formal theory
experiments
value judgments
rationality
Opis:
When we assume that a survey reveals respondents’ true attitudes we tacitly assume that the subjects understood what we are asking them about and that they had no incentive to be untruthful. In typical studies none of the two assumptions holds. Subjects are asked questions that use undefined terms and they are asked about issues they have no incentive to answer truthfully. Here we argue that a way to solve the two problems lies in constructing a formal theory of an attitude in such a way that an attitude can be derived from the answers yet when answering the questions subjects cannot possibly know that their responses reveal anything about their attitude and, hence, they have no incentive to answer insincerely.We briefly discuss a study that has the desirable properties necessary for the proper design.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2014, 184, 4; 409-430
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reflections on Rationality, Utility, University, Mass Culture and Unsustainable Society
Autorzy:
Śleszyński, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1965070.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-08-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
education
mass culture
rationality
utility
university
Opis:
This paper is an expression of gratitude, remembrance and honour the jubilee of Prof. Tomasz Żylicz. As I have been invited to write a paper for a special issue of the CEEJ journal, I sincerely wanted to express regarding my friendship and my research that have been binding me with Tomasz in my more than 40-year work in the Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw. Our cooperation was varied and rich including joint articles, research projects and our work for the Ministry of the Environment. In this paper, after friendly acknowledgment, I decided to propose my polemical answer to the paper ‘Is reason valued now?’ written by Tomasz. The subject of my reply is primarily the rationality in general and in the institution of university in the context of teaching and practicing science, including first of all economics and ecological economics. The method applied in this paper is my descriptive and polemical reference to Tomasz's theses with the analytical use of literature, both classics and very current references. The basic topic of the paper focuses on the fact that modernity continues in an increasingly inertial movement towards mass culture and is dominated by three criteria in this mechanism namely usefulness, non-exclusion and accessibility. I analyse these three fetishes in our dynamic times and with particular emphasis on their negative role in academic education. In my conclusions I categorically state that scientific knowledge and education, perfectly represented by universities, were formed and developed in an alliance with usefulness and utility, but never only thanks to them and never only for them.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2021, 8, 55; 180-190
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Revealing the Rationality of Myth: Contribution of Bronislaw Malinowski
Autorzy:
Siedin, Oleksandr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2156687.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-27
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
myth
rationality
Malinowski
functionalism
culture
anthropology
Opis:
The article is focused on the intellectual significance of the theory of myth developed by prominent Polish anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski within his anthropological approach known as functionalism. Th e author argues that Malinowski already in the first half of the 20th century anticipated the main trend within the later studies on myth. Like many influential myth-theorists of the next generations, Malinowski recognized the elements of rationality within mythical thinking. Both his emphasis on the integrity of culture as well as his opposition to diff usionism and evolutionism resonate with the perspective of structuralists in the second half of the 20th century. According to Malinowski, myth and science as the parts of culture serve mainly for the basic biological needs of the human body. Th e more elaborated vision of the functionality of myth has been proposed later in the philosophy of mythology of German poststructuralist Hans Blumenberg. Despite that, Malinowski’s attention to the function of myth reflected and formed the general tendency of contemporary science of myth. Th is tendency presupposes the “de-archaization” of myth in contrast to the progressivist vision of myth as entirely “irrational” or “paralogical” thinking. Th e author also analyses how the intellectual heritage of Malinowski is used in the recent studies made by contemporary Polish and Ukrainian scholars.
Źródło:
Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie; 2021, 8; 165-178
2353-5644
2451-2958
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grzechy ekonomii, czyli trzynaście problemów w rozważaniach ekonomistów (esej)
Sins of economic thought: thirteen issues in the economists considerations (essay)
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczyk, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2163999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-15
Wydawca:
Ostrołęckie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
metoda
paradygmat
racjonalność
method
paradigm
rationality
Opis:
W opracowaniu wskazano problemy, jakie napotykają ekonomiści w swoich rozważaniach. Znalazły się wśród nich m.in. subiektywne wartościowanie rzeczy, zdarzeń, procesów, poglądów, uporczywe spory o racjonalność oraz histereza wiedzy. Bardzo często u podłoża sporów między ekonomistami czy badaczami nauk o zarządzaniu leży któryś z tych problemów. Co więcej, istnieją różnego rodzaju powiązania między nimi, a same problemy są jak klocki – ich analiza może być prowadzona wielopłaszczyznowo i różnorodnie. Można starać się niwelować część z tych problemów, jednak w większości przypadków nie jesteśmy w stanie im skutecznie i całkowicie przeciwdziałać.
The study identified problems faced by economists in their considerations. These included, among others subjective valuation of things, events, processes, ideas; persistent disputes about the rationality; and knowledge hysteresis. Very often the dispute between economists is caused by one of those problems. What’s more, there are various kinds of links between them, and these problems are like blocks – their analysis can be conducted in many ways and variously. We can try to remedy some of these errors, but in most cases we are not able to effectively and completely prevent them.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego; 2011, Zeszyt, XXV; 393-406
0860-9608
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Klemensa Szaniawskiego teoria decyzji w zarysie
The Klemens Szaniawski’s Decision Theory: An Overview
Autorzy:
Gasparski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
decision
decision theory
information
rationality
praxiology
Opis:
Klemens Szaniawski, a Polish philosopher, was deeply involved, among other areas of inquiry, in decision theory and its relationships with human action theory known as praxiology. Elements of his decision-theoretical analysis are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Prakseologia; 2006, 146; 13-24
0079-4872
Pojawia się w:
Prakseologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola racjonalności w kształtowaniu poetyckiego obrazu świata (na przykładzie modelownia znaczenia paproci w tekstach Młodej Polski)
A role of rationality in shaping the poetic vision of the world (exemplified by the modeling of the meaning of fern in Young Poland’s texts)
Autorzy:
Kuryłowicz, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2119792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
racjonalność baśniowa
poetycka wizja świata
racjonalność kreatywna
fabulous rationality
creative rationality
a poetic vision of the world
Opis:
This article is an attempt at showing how various rationalities, fabulous and creative, influence the organization of the content in a work of poetry, how they intermingle and shape an informative value of a word and how, on a higher level, they decide about the form of a cognitive model. Moreover, the article shows how a change in the perspective of the vision of reality in a poetic work enriches senses whereas the coexistence of the two types of rationality and semantic tensions resulting from this coincidence generates new meanings determined by a special context that a word is used in. The impact of various types of rationality on shaping the meaning of a word in the text has been discussed following the example of the semantics of fern in Young Poland’s poetry.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2012, 12; 99-114
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aesthetic Judgment, Embodied Rationality, and the Truth of Appearances: An Introduction to Roger Scruton’s Philosophical Anthropology
Autorzy:
Wilford, Paul T.
Rozonoyer, Eryn
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22446443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-11-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
aesthetics
art
beauty
rationality
subjectivity
Roger Scruton
Opis:
This paper offers an interpretation of and introduction to the philosophical anthropology of Roger Scruton through an examination of the aesthetic dimension of human rationality. We argue that attending to our aesthetic experience as individuated subjects capable of intersubjective communion offers a helpful corrective to the deracinated and disembodied view of human rationality prevalent in much of our contemporary ethical and scientific discourse. Through a consideration of how embodied rationality is at work in four different forms of art – painting, music, dance, and architecture – our paper develops the rudiments of a more concrete philosophical anthropology, and on the basis of first principles advances a normative claim about the importance of art and beauty to human life.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2023, 7, 3; 115-135
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-50 z 283

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