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Wyszukujesz frazę "Fuel" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Discussion over correctness of methods used for test of resistance fuels to ageing processes
Autorzy:
Dzięgielewski, W.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel
storage
fuel aging
Opis:
Research of usefulness of fuels for long-term storage is an important research of products of special use (meant for stock keeping as national or military reserves). Important fact is that fuels after storage should be used according to their initial use so their phisico-chemical and exploratory properties should remain the same during the whole storage cycle. Basic condition, enabling to foreseen that fuel will keep its quality at sufficient level in certain timeframe should be positive results of ageing tests. Below the doubts are presented whether methodology of evaluation is correct because of important differences in mechanisms of accelerated laboratory tests as well as real storage in typical conditions of storage tanks with large capacity. Differences in courses of chemical reactions and conditions of their initiation and course were pointed out. Scheme of equipment for marking content of existing gums, scheme of equipment for testing induction period, scheme of filtering and oxidizing equipment to test resistance of fuel to oxidation, effectiveness of collisions of molecules of reactants, scheme of chemical ageing process of fuels storaged in different temperature, function for different conditions ageing process of FAME, influence of value of potential molecules energy on initializing of chemical reactions are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 103-109
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected properties of alternative fuel manufactured from municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/62040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
alternative fuel
fuel
municipal solid waste
fuel property
Opis:
Successive closing down of filled-up large municipal landfill sites or those which no longer fulfil the legal regulations, compel local governments and enterprises dealing with waste disposal, to undertake activities aimed at designing and construction of new waste management plants. One of these is a municipal solid waste sorting plant where the waste stream is divided into sub-screen and screen fraction. The screen fraction after removing ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass and other impurities and crushing to an appropriate particle size constitutes an alternative fuel. The most frequently alternative fuel is manufactured from selectively collected plastics, rubber, textiles and waste paper. Alternative fuel is also manufactured from municipal solid waste in mechanical waste treatment plants. Municipal solid waste is characterized by a non-uniform morphological composition (depending on many factors), which may result in variable parameters of the manufactured fuel. If the waste fuel manufactured in this way and supplied to cement plants does not reach certain quality standards, its price is low, or the product is not accepted for energy recovery. The work presents results of analyses of selected properties of alternative fuels generated from solid municipal waste stream with regard to the type of communes from which the waste originated (urban commune area or rural communes). Statistical analysis was conducted using Bayesian Networks. As it results from the investigations, alternative fuel manufactured from municipal solid waste is characterized by high values of variation coefficient for such parameters as: ash content, moisture and calorific value. The content of carbon, sulphur and incineration heat revealed low values of variance coefficient. The analyses have demonstrated that technological values of alternative fuel do not depend on the administrative type of the communes where the waste used for their production was collected.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2013, 2/IV
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of combustion of qualified composite fuel for the transitional period in the household and communal sector in Poland
Autorzy:
Bembenek, Michał
Dzik, Tomasz
Smyła, Jarosław
Kozłowski, Artur
Wojtas, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
microbriquette
environmentally friendly fuel
solid fuel
composite solid fuel
qualified solid fuel
roller press
Opis:
The article presents the results of laboratory combustion tests of the microbriquette obtained from useless coal (grain class of < 5 mm) generated in the production of “eco-pea” (eko-groszek) coal. The briquettes of 1.5 and 2.5 cm3 were made in a roller press of crushed coal granulation down to 2 mm, mixed with a binder and/or catalytic additives and sorbents, then dried to final moisture of about 7%. The tests were carried out on a specially designed stand enabling to determine the differential curve of the weight loss of samples heated to the ignition temperature and then burnt with laminar airflow by natural chimney draft. Comparative tests were carried out with ecopea coal from the “ZG Sobieski” mine. The results indicate that composite fuels, in the form of microbriquette, ignite faster, burn at a higher temperature and leave less ash when burned than lump coal. The greater reactivity of the briquette concerning the lump coal allows for minimizing the air rate by about 10%, which also reduces the exhaust gas volume by the same amount and the stack losses. It reduces the velocity of dust lifting, which leads to the reduction of their emission.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2022, 4 (30); Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microbiome of soil contaminated by fuels
Mikrobiom gleby zanieczyszczonej paliwami
Autorzy:
Hawrot-Paw, M.
Izwikow, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/82566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
microorganism
soil microorganism
contaminated soil
fuel
biodiesel fuel
diesel fuel
Źródło:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica; 2015, 36
2081-1284
Pojawia się w:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The method, based on storage simulator and IR – VIS spectroscopy, for predicting the allowable time of storage of biocomponents for CI engines
Autorzy:
Dzięgielewski, W.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Okniński, R.
Stefanowicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel
fuel aging
oils
lubrication
biocomponents
Opis:
The paper presents the results of investigations concerning a new method used for predicting the allowable time of storage of biocomponents – FAME. The method was based on laboratory research carried out with the use of a storage tank simulator. The aging process was carried out in the conditions increasing the reaction rate – at high temperature. There are several methods/procedures used for predicting the allowable time of storage of fuels and biocomponents – FAME, but all of them are based on tests at the temperature so high that the mechanism of aging process is different than the one observed in storage tanks. It was assumed that the aging process could be divided into two stages: at the first stage, the aging precursors are created and at the second stage, precursors are converted into the fuel aging products. These products lead to changes in fuel properties. The kinetics of precursor creation determines the rate of all reactions, which lead to the final aging products. It was found that the rate of reaction at the first stage of fuel aging can be effectively increased by an increase in temperature and even relatively high temperature does not change the mechanism of the creation of aging precursors. The method that has been worked out makes it possible to control the mechanism of aging process during quick laboratory tests. The products of aging processes were detected with the use of the IR-VIS spectrometry. The allowable time of storage was determined for several FAME samples on the basis of quick laboratory tests. The results of laboratory quick tests were verified by comparing them with the results of the aging process of FAME in storage tanks. On the basis of the test results, the algorithm of allowable time of FAME storage calculation was worked out.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 115-121
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement methods for determining the parameters of injectors in internal combustion engines
Autorzy:
Grzesik, N.
Zaremba, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
engine
fuel injectors
fuel spray diagnostics
Opis:
The general principle of internal combustion engine operation has not changed since the engine structure was first developed. However, the system of blending the air and fuel into a mixture with the parameters ensuring effective fuel combustion processes has been evolving over the years. In the simplest engines, the fuel-air mixture was produced in the inlet manifold i.e. in the carburettor systems while the more advanced motors were equipped with the system of Single Point Injection (SPI), and further on with the Multi-Point Injection (MP!) where each of the cylinders has its own individual injector. The Multi-Point Injection (MPI) system has evolved into a Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) system where the injector sprays fuel directly into the combustion chambers. Presently, due to the restrictive regulations governing the issues of exhaust gases ' composition and emissions, manufacturers of the engines used mainly in the automotive industry apply the system of multi-point indirect injection to the intake manifold or the system of direct fuel injection to the combustion chambers. In both systems, these are the injectors dosing precise amounts offuel, which are the most important, and the most accurate elements of the system. The article presents the injectors' macro- and microscopic parameters used for the purpose of the fuel dispersants' technical condition and performance assessment. Additionally, it refers to direct and optical methods of microscopic parameters measurement enabling fuel spray diagnostics.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 153-159
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vliânie prisadok vody na harakteristiki dizelâ rybolovnogo sudna pri ispolzovanii predvaritelnoj obrabotki topliva
The influence of water in fuel on parameters of Diesel vessel engine with using of preliminary fuel treatment
Autorzy:
Klyus, O.
Klyus, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
diesel engine
fuel injector
preliminary fuel treatment
mixture fuel and water
Opis:
The paper presents some Diesel direct engines with fuel injectors with preliminary fuel catalytic and turbulizing treatment. In research works Diesel fuel and mixture with seawater 1.2–2.5% were used.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 36 (108) z. 2; 89-92
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relations of distribution of the low sulphur shipping fuels in region of the baltic sea in the bunkering boat-ship supply
Autorzy:
Matejski, M.
Szczepaniak, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
vessels
marine fuel oils
fuel transport
ecology
Opis:
The article presents relations of distribution of the low sulphur marine fuels as result of being in force the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) 73/78, especially the record establishing the region of the Baltic Sea and the North See as sulphur emission control areas (SECA). There are presented obligatory regulations and their influence on sale of the particular kinds of fuels in this region. There are also presented chosen procedures of care about cargo in relation bunker boat-harbour-ship, the delivery fuel procedures in relation bunker boat-ship and the quantitative analysis of distributed fuels on an example of chosen bunker boat.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2012, 6, 16; 37-41
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Oxygen Staging on Nitrogen Conversion in Oxy-Fuel CFB Environment
Autorzy:
Jankowska, S.
Czakiert, T.
Krawczyk, G.
Borecki, P.
Jesionowski, Ł.
Nowak, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
paliwo tlenowe
CFB
oxy-fuel
fuel-N
Opis:
This paper presents a study on nitrogen conversion in oxy-fuel coal combustion in a pilot scale CFB 0.1 MWth facility. The paper is focused on fuel-N behaviour in the combustion chamber when the combustion process is accomplished under oxy-fuel CFB conditions. The analysis is based on infurnace sampling of flue gas and calculations of the conversion ratios of fuel-nitrogen (fuel-N) to NO, NO2, N2O, NH3 and HCN. For the tests, O2/CO2 mixtures with the oxygen content of 21 vol.% (primary gas) and with the oxygen content varied from 21 to 35 vol.% (secondary gas), were used as the fluidising gas. Measurements were carried out in 4 control points located along the combustion chamber: 0.43 m, 1.45 m, 2.50 m and 4.88 m. Results presented below indicate that an increased oxygen concentration in the higher part of the combustion chamber has strong influence on the behaviour of fuel based nitrogen compounds.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2014, 35, 4; 489-496
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concept of a multi-fuel, low-power generator with a self-ignition, common rail gas engine
Autorzy:
Piętak, A.
Imiołek, M.
Imiołek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247142.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
dual-fuel feeding
CNG
steering
renewable fuel
Opis:
An idea of using biomass for generating electricity and heat leads to new solutions for power generators, adapted to be supplied with gaseous and liquid biofuels. At present, there is a growing interest in low-power generators. This type of energy production is termed 'scattered energy generation'. It is expected that generating energy in small units situated close to energy consumers may bring about substantial benefits. It is assumed that in a scattered energy generation system, energy will be produced from local fuels, such as broadly understood biomass as a primary component for production of gaseous and liquid biofuels to power low-power energy generators. An adequate amount of biomass must be secured to ensure that biogas can be produced all year round. The easiest way to store highly efficient biomass is to ensile maize and rye as well as grass. The amounts of biogas obtained from these two types of silage are comparable. Using rye as a renewable energy source for production of either bioethanol or biogas is economically viable for at least two reasons: rye grows on poor class soils and rye cultivation technology can be reduced to just nitrogen fertilization. In conclusion, it seems reasonable to generate energy in Poland in scattered energy generation systems from crops grown for this purpose. Currently, gas-powered engines are being in several ways.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 349-356
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Types and applications of hydrogen fuel cells in transport
Autorzy:
Gallas, Dawid
Stobnicki, Paweł
Bolzhelarskyi, Yaroslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32101699.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-28
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
fuel cells
hydrogen fuel
hydrogen propulsion
transport
Opis:
The article summarizes the types of hydrogen sources and the possibilities of using hydrogen in fuel cell technologies. The types of hydrogen fuel cells and solutions used in hydrogen powered drives were discussed. The current economic and ecological aspects affecting the possibilities and profitability of using various types of hydrogen as an alternative fuel in various forms of transport were analyzed, and forecasts for the development of this form of propulsion and power supply in transport for the coming years were presented. It was concluded that only a simultaneous increase in hydrogen production, through an increase in demand or technological development, combined with a decrease in the cost of hydrogen cells down to a level of at least $40/kW, would enable the proliferation of hydrogen technologies in all modes of transport.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2022, 3-4; 31-36
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of fuel cells under static and dynamic conditions
Autorzy:
Szwajca, Filip
Berger, Andrew W.
Spalletta, Robert
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32101706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-28
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
fuel cell stack
fuel cell module
static and dynamic characteristics
fuel cell efficiency
Opis:
Modern internal combustion powertrains are the main source of propulsion for on-road and non-road vehicles. However, they are increasingly being replaced by electric or fuel cell-equipped alternative propulsion systems. The article presents a study of fuel cell characteristics operating under both static and dynamic conditions, with a 1.2 kW fuel cell set with a voltage converter and lead-acid batteries. In the conducted tests, the fuel cell stack's maximum efficiency reached 65%. Load tests (static and dynamic) have indicated higher fuel cell efficiencies when using hybrid operation with a DC/DC converter and battery.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2022, 3-4; 44-52
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the neutronics of European lead-cooled fast reactor
Autorzy:
Cetnar, J.
Oettingen, M.
Domańska, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
fuel burn-up
plutonium
minor actinides
oxide fuel
nitride fuel
LFR
ELSY
MCB
Opis:
The perspective of nuclear energy development in the near future imposes a new challenge on a number of sciences over the world. For years, the European Commission (EC) has sponsored scientific activities through the framework programmes (FP). The lead-cooled fast reactor (LFR) development in the European Union (EU) has been carried out within European lead-cooled system (ELSY) project of the 6th FP of EURATOM. This paper concerns the reactor core neutronic and burn-up design studies. We discuss two different core configurations of ELSY reactor; one loaded with the reference – mixed oxide fuel (MOX), whereas the second one with an advanced fuel – uranium- -plutonium nitride. Both fuels consist of reactor grade plutonium, depleted uranium and additionally, a fraction of minor actinides (MA). The fuel burn-up and the time evolution of the reactor characteristics has been assessed using a Monte Carlo burn-up code (MCB). One of the important findings concerns the importance of power profile evolution with burn-up as a limiting factor of the refuelling interval.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 317-322
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of the distillation parameters of the milesPLUS® diesel fuel comprising a bio-component in the form of methyl esters of corn oil
Wyznaczenie parametrów destylacyjnych oleju napędowego milesPLUS® diesel zawierającego biokomponent w postaci estrów metylowych oleju kukurydzianego
Autorzy:
Wcislo, G.
Pracuch, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
diesel fuel
biocomponent
methyl ester
corn oil
biodiesel fuel
fractional composition
liquid fuel
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2016, 16, 4
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnostic investigations of turbojet injectors
Autorzy:
Opara, T.
Zaremba, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
aircraft turbine engines
fuel injectors
fuel spray diagnostics
Opis:
The basic aim of injectors is to supply a specified amount of fuel to the turbine engine combustion chamber. The fuel should be atomized to the extent which enables its evaporation and helps to produce a homogenous mixture of fuel vapour and air, thus ensuring high efficiency of the combustion process. The article contains the review of methods and diagnostic equipment used in Aviation Overhaul Works (Lotnicze Zakady Remontowe) in assessing the suitability of turbine jet as well as turboprop and helicopter engines sprayers. Injectors are evaluated on the basis of their fuel delivery Q(p) which determines the volume of fuel sprayed in the time unit, the spray cone angle (p) and the parameter J(p) which describes the asymmetry in the circumferential spray density distribution j(). These parameters are dependent both on structural characteristics of the sprayers as well as on fuel delivery pressure p in the fuel supply pipe. In the standard diagnostic stations, the measurement of fuel delivery Q(p) is carried out only for the two fuel supply pressures, corresponding to the extreme engine ranges, that is the rotational speed of the idle running nbj and maximum rotational speed nmax. Injectors undergo the leak test at the fuel pressure 5 to 10 times bigger than the nominal value. Tolerances adopted by the producers for the measured parameters characterizing the injectors are also presented.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 247-254
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of dynamic qualities of the G9T engine with common rail system, FED with battlefield-use fuel blends with a biocomponent
Autorzy:
Karczewski, M.
Wilk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
fuel system
F-34 fuel
ester
Opis:
The main aim of the study was to experimentally determine the influence of fuel blends of F-34 with biocomponents (rapeseed methyl esters and methyl alcohol) on the performance of an engine with high pressure fuel injection; Common Rail system was used as the example. The study included measurements of useful parameters of combustion and composition of exhaust gas. The studied engine was Renault G9T engine with Common Rail fuel system, fed with the following fuels: fuel base (diesel oil); aviation fuel, code NATO F-34; fuel blends of F-34 and rapeseed methyl esters of higher fatty acids; fuel blends of F-34 and anhydrous ethyl alcohol. The study showed that the parameters of Renault G9T engine with high pressure injection system fed with fuel blends of F-34 with biocomponents changed in comparison to those obtained with the use of the fuel base: diesel oil. As a result of the study it must be stated that fuel blends of F-34 with RME and F-34 with ethyl alcohol can be used as alternative fuel for diesel engines with high pressure Common Rail injection system.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 243-251
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving physical properties of rape biofuels
Autorzy:
Kiernicki, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
alternative fuel
diesel engine
fuel composition
FAME
polyolefin
Opis:
The researches on the use of biodiesel and fuel derived from waste plastics are presented in the paper. Biodiesel and fuel obtained from waste plastics were both used as fuel components. FAME is a bio-admixture in the fuel. The catalytic cracking of polyolefin was the source of second fuel admixture. The physical properties of the analyzed components of fuel have been presented. The operational parameters of direct injection in diesel engines fuelled by tested fuel blends was set out. The preparation of the fuel mixture was also described. The concept of the diesel fuel which is made from the components of opposite physical properties could have a positive practical effect and could improve the use of biofuels.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2012, 6, 16; 48-54
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of diesel engine with the supply system type common rail supplied fuel F-34 and biofuel
Autorzy:
Karczewski, M.
Wilk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244141.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
fuel system
F-34 fuel
ester
Opis:
Problems of the power supply in military vehicles grow with the growing number of vehicles in armies. Moreover, biocomponents additions which are added to the basic fuels change its properties. Therefore undertaking work to adopt engines to supply them with fuels coming from renewable sources is essential. The purpose of that research is indicating the influence of fuel feeding system on useful parameters and composition of exhaust exhaust gases of self-igniting engine Renault G9T with high pressure injection mechanism „Common Rail. The researches were conducted while the engine was supplied with six kind of the fuel: basic fuel which was diesel oil, aviation fuel coded NATO F-34, fuel mixtures: F-34 methyl esters of higher fatty acids from rapeseed oil. In the result, it can be stated that the achievements of the engine Renault G9T with high pressure injection system feed with F-34 fuel and mixtures have hanged partly. Conducted examination has showed the essential influence between the fuel and performance of Renault G7T engine with high-pressure injection system feed with F-34 fuel mixtures with methyl esters of higher fatty acids. The increase of EMKOR share in F-34 fuel caused the decrease of useful power, increase of fuel consumption and decrease of combustion smoke.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 245-253
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the market of LPG as an alternative vehicle fuel in Poland in 2005–2016
Autorzy:
Buczaj, M.
Sumorek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
alternative fuels
LPG fuel
petrol
fuel market
vehicles
Opis:
The Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is currently the only widespread and available alternative fuel used in Poland for motor vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines. Until the end of the 1980s, the monopoly on the fuel market had belonged to petrol and diesel oils. In the 1990s this monopoly was broken by LPG. The important impulse causing increase of concern with using alternative driving fuels by drivers has always been economy issues. The Liquified Petroleum Gas has been presented as an eco-friendly fuel, and with an attractive price it has also gained the title of an economical one. Over the last three decades, The Liquified Petroleum Gas has become an important player in the fuel market. The article presents current trends observed in the fuel market (LPG fuel and gasoline U95) used to power motor vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines, and analysis of the price volatility of these fuels in the period 2005÷2016.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2017, 6, 4; 47-54
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wieloczęściowy wtrysk i rozpylenie paliwa przez dwa kątowo umieszczone wtryskiwacze w układzie bezpośredniego wtrysku benzyny
Multiple fuel injection and atomization by two angularly arranged outward-opening injectors in direct injection system
Autorzy:
Pielecha, I.
Borowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/251618.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
wtrysk paliwa
rozpylenie paliwa
wieloczęściowy wtrysk paliwa
fuel injection
fuel spray
multiple fuel injection
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących zastosowania dwóch wtryskiwaczy benzyny umieszczonych bezpośrednio w komorze spalania. Zastosowanie takiego układu wtrysku paliwa pozwala na skrócenie czasu rozpylenia paliwa, zwiększając jednocześnie obszar zajmowany przez strugi wtryskiwanego paliwa. Przedstawiono wtrysk jednoczesny oraz wtrysk sekwencyjny realizowany przez dwa wtryskiwacze. Określono korzyści wynikające z takiego rozwiązania przedstawiając wskaźniki geometryczne strug wtryskiwanego paliwa.
The paper presents the results of research about using of two gasoline injectors positioned directly in combustion chamber. The use of this fuel injection system allows to shorten time of fuel spray and area occupied by two fuel doses. Simultaneous injection and sequential carried out by two injectors injection were presented. The benefits resulting from the application of this system showing geometric indicators are identified.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2013, 10; 1271-1278, CD
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Existing standards and their need for liquid and gaseous alternative fuels standards
Autorzy:
Jevic, P.
Dubrovin, V.O.
Sediva, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/335622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
paliwo alternatywne
paliwo
biopaliwo
norma
alternative fuel
gaseous fuel
liquid fuel
biofuel
biogas
standard
Opis:
Since the mid 1990s, resulting from concerns on climate change and its connection to the emission of greenhouse gases, the main interest in alternative fuels has been concentrated on fuels from biomass or rather carbon dioxide neutral fuels. Autumn 2001 the European Commission presented a draft communication and two directive proposals concerning the promotion of using bio fuels and other renewable fuels and also on the taxation of bio fuels. In May 2003 a directive for promotion of bio fuels and other renewable fuels came into force. On the basis of acquired information and own work the contribution involves review of national standards concerning alternative motor fuels. In connection with gradual introduction of the alternative motor fuels, research and development in this field in the time of anticipation of the European standards generation is presented.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2005, 50, 2; 30-34
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ składu chemicznego benzyny i zawartości etanolu w kształtowaniu właściwości eksploatacyjnych
Autorzy:
Pałuchowska, M.
Jakóbiec, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/314975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
paliwo silnikowe
zasilanie paliwem
skład chemiczny benzyny
engine fuel
fuel feed
fuel chemical composition
Opis:
Paliwa do silników o zapłonie iskrowym, chcąc spełnić wysokie wymagania współczesnych wysilonych silników spalinowych wyposażonych m.in. w wielopunktowe systemy wtrysku paliwa oraz katalityczne, wielofunkcyjne układy oczyszczania spalin, muszą posiadać odpowiednie właściwości użytkowe i eksploatacyjne. Jakość tych paliw, a więc ich właściwości, stają się wypadkową wymagań stawianych przez konstruktorów silników, ekologów i producentów paliw oraz ich możliwości technologicznych.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2012, 13, 7-8; 56-60
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modernization of the direct operation fuel feeding system of diesel engine
Autorzy:
Salykin, E. A.
Slavutskij, V. M.
Lipilin, V. I.
Berezjukov, D. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
direct operation fuel feeding system
speed forcing of high pressure fuel pump
fuel feeding
Opis:
This paper describes the way of modernization of the direct operation fuel feeding system of diesel engine. Effective, ecological and economical characteristics of a modern diesel engine are greatly de-termined by parameters of using fuel-feeding system. Thus, in modern conditions, fuel-feeding systems have to fulfil specified requirements, which are mainly connected with fuel supply process intensification, possibility of adaptable regulation of fuel injection lead angle, cycle fuel delivering and injection characteristic at full range of engine operation regimes. At present time accumulator fuel feeding systems Common Rail type, fulfil these requirements best of all. However, despite its advantages, those kinds of systems have number of disadvantages. The main ones are high price and structural complexity of the system elements. Because of this Common Rail does not have wide using in the diesel engines with number of cylinders less than three. Although that type of diesels exactly is universal mechanical energy, source and can be used in many types of machinery, including ones with strict ecological norms. However, up to now these engines are equipped with the direct operation fuel feeding system that despite its high reliability and low price is worse than accumulator systems in the injection pressure level and possibilities of fuel feeding process control. Thus, main objective of a modernization of the direct operation fuel feeding system is topical. Speed forcing of high-pressure fuel pump was used. Maximal injection pressure is successfully increased 1.42 times. It provides intensification of fuel injection process. Implementation of the electronic control allows counting this method of fuel feeding system modernization promising for small diesel engines.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 273-276
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dodatki uszlachetniające do olejów napędowych
Additives for diesel fuels
Autorzy:
Markowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
olej napędowy
diesel
dodatki do oleju napędowego
fuel oil
diesel fuel
fuel oil additives
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono typowy skład pakietu dodatków uszlachetniających do nowoczesnego oleju napędowego stosowanego w silnikach z zapłonem samoczynnym. Omówiono problemy, z jakimi borykają się producenci tego rodzaju paliwa, i związki chemiczne najczęściej stosowane w celu ich rozwiązania.
The article presents a typical package of additives for modern diesel fuel used in compression ignition engines. The problems faced by the producers of this type of fuel and the most commonly used chemicals to resolve those problems are discussed.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2017, 73, 3; 208-213
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac
Autorzy:
Herdzik, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
fuel
shipping
liquefied natural gas
marine fuel
future
fuel leakage
greenhouse effect
atmosphere contamination
Opis:
The paper analyses the reasons for the interest in natural gas as a potential marine fuel to replace the existing fuels derived from crude oil. The increase in environmental awareness and the effects of human activity caused the process of searching for more environmentally friendly fuels. Naturally, interest has been shifted to a well-known energy source commonly found on Earth in quantities much more considerable than crude oil. This fuel, in the form of liquefied natural gas, seems to be an attractive substitute for the currently dominant types of marine fuels. The technologies of its extraction, liquefaction, storage and transport were mastered, and marine engines were adopted for its combustion as dual-fuel engines. The regulations introduced by the International Maritime Organization and the European Parliament, forcing the reduction of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere from the combustion of marine fuels, require taking action to meet them. The proposals for individual next 30 years are given. Due to the introduction of regulations to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, it is necessary to switch to fuels with a lower or zero carbon content or biofuels recognised as more environmentally friendly. Due to only 25% lower carbon content in methane with its higher lower heating value, it is possible to reduce the direct emission from this gas by about 30%. However, methane leaks occur in the processes from natural gas extraction to the energy effect in engines as a fuel, significantly worsening its image as an ecological fuel. Researches indicate that with current technologies, natural gas should not be recognised as an ecological fuel until gas leaks are significantly reduced. The article justifies why LNG should be considered a transient marine fuel, with the need to switch to other synthetic fuels, ammonia, and hydrogen.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2022, 24; 15--25
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Termohimiceskaa podgotovka topliva v sistemah toplivopodaci dizelej
Thermal-Chemical Treatment of Fuel in Fuel Injection Systems of Diesel Engines
Autorzy:
Klyus, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
EXPLO-SHIP 2006
diesel engine
fuel injector
thermal treatment of fuel
chemical treatment of fuel
Opis:
The paper focuses on problems of fuel treatment using thermal and chemical methods in the body of fuel injector.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2006, 10 (82); 259-265
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prosecution of Offenders in Liquid Fuels Turnover
Autorzy:
Simińska-Domańska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033078.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-30
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
fuel frauds
SENT
Energy Regulatory Office (URE)
fuel package
excise
fuel crimes
grey area
extortion
Opis:
The paper presents theoretical and practical aspects of prosecution of criminals involved in illegal sales of liquid fuels. It has been noticed that despite increasing attention paid to the prosecution of fuel frauds, the grey area still exists, which is due to the fact that such crimes are easy to commit, the profits to be gained are enormous, and legal consequences are rather insignificant. Recently, however, the detectability of tax frauds has increased. The improved efficiency of tax control authorities can be attributed to the introduction of the following: methodology of assessment of due diligence demonstrated by the buyers of goods in domestic transactions; JPK – the Polish equivalent of SAF-T (Standard Audit File for Tax); split payment; SENT system; fuel package.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej; 2019, 1; 25-30
2084-1809
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of oxygenates on lubricity of fuels for CI engines
Autorzy:
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244244.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CI engine
CI engine fuel
lubrication additives
fuel lubricity
Opis:
Lubricity of fuels for CI engines becomes one of very important parameter since the sulphur content was decreased to 50 and actually 10 ppm. To provide effective lubrication of fuel pumps and unit injectors elements, in case fuel does not contain organic sulphur compounds, the oxygen containing organic compounds are added as lubrication additives. Biocomponents are usually introduced into mineral diesel fuel containing additives package, which includes lubricating additive (organic acid). The aim of this paper is investigation of the influence of polar oxygenates added to petroleum diesel fuel in concentration between 5 and 20% (V/V) on lubricating additive effectiveness in protective layer creation. The results of HFRR tests obtained for blends of commercial diesel fuel containing lubricating additive with biobuthanol models (MB) leads to conclusion that: − generally the buthanol isomers addition increases wear of upper ball of HFRR apparatus, − wear of upper ball of HFRR apparatus depends on the average film thickness and does not depend on tested fuels viscosity at 40°C, − dilution of commercial diesel fuel by biobuthanol models and consequently decreasing of lubricating additive concentration cannot be the only reason of deterioration of tested blends lubricity. It was concluded, that the possible reason of lubricity deterioration by buthanol added to commercial diesel fuel in concentration between 5 and 20% (V/V) are antagonistic interactions between oxygenates (buthyl alcohol) and lubricating additive. These antagonistic interactions depend on the structure of buthanol isomers.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 121-128
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of diesel oil improvers on indices of atomisation and combustion in high-efficiency engines
Autorzy:
Pielecha, I.
Pielecha, J.
Skowron, M.
Mazanek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
diesel oil
diesel engine
improvers
fuel injection
fuel combustion
Opis:
The process of fuel combustion in a diesel engine is determined by factors existing during liquid fuel injection and atomisation. The physicochemical properties of the fuel to a large extent decide upon the quality of this phase of cylinder fuelling. So it is important to ensure appropriate properties of a fuel affecting its atomisation and, as a result, combustion. The paper deals with the topic of diesel oil improvers and the analysis of their influence on atomisation and combustion indices. In the studies base diesel oil and a diesel fuel improved by a package of additives, were used. The process of conventional and improved fuel injection was analysed by using optical examinations. The amount of released heat was evaluated during the studies carried out on combustion. Significant aspects of the applied improvers in relation to fuel injection and its combustion have been indicated.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, 3; 99-105
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cost optimization of marine fuels consumption as important factor of control ship’s sulfur and nitrogen oxides emissions
Autorzy:
Kowalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
cost optimization
fuel costs
fuel consumption
data collection
determination
Opis:
This paper proposes an efficient, objective method of optimizing fuel costs during the sea passage. The presented method based on data collection and calculations can be used in daily practice for masters of vessels and by ship’s management divisions. The paper presents not only the use of the method for newly constructed but also for ships already in service. The biggest advantage of this method is that it does not need extra expenses to determine the fuel effectiveness in a changeable marine fuel market.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 36 (108) z. 1; 94-99
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laser research of fuel atomization and combustion processes in the aspect of exhaust gases emission
Autorzy:
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243315.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
fuel preparation
combustion processes
fuel spray
ecology
Opis:
The fuel injection phenomena belongs to the most essential processes, which are object of many experimental and theoretical works, indispensable for development of contemporary internal-combustion engines, both the spark and compression ignition. The direct injection of fotel to the engine combustion chamber belongs to most advanced solutions and must realize at least two or even more different strategies of engine performance. Article presents the various research methods of the fuel atomization processes, being concentrated on laser methods, from which deserves on the emphasis the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system, the Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) system and Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) system. Article presents theoretical analysis relating the atomized fuel stream. The results of research based on the laser research equipment are also submitted in the article. Moreover presented are the results ofresearch of the combustion process in the fixed volume chamber, where essentially two different strategies of the combustion process of homogenous and heterogeneous load were realized. The properly shaped fuel stream permits on obtainment of repeatable ignition and combustion in the wide range of the mixture variance. The essential meaning has the fuel stream disintegration, which influences advantageously on the level of the toxic exhaust elements emission, particularly on the hydrocarbon emission level because of the ignition dropout elimination and on the level of the nitrogen oxides emission because of short sojourn time of the fuel droplets in the combustion zone.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 1; 119-126
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adoption of Modern Hydrogen Technologies in Rail Transport
Autorzy:
Stobnicki, Paweł
Gallas, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
exhaust emission
hydrogen fuel
fuel cell
rail transport
hydrail
Opis:
Many new zero-emission propulsion technologies are being developed today due to the need to reduce the atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions. The impact of the transport sector on the environment drives a need for innovation, including innovation in the rail transport sector specifically. At the TRAKO fair of rail vehicles the newest technological solutions have been presented. These new vehicles are expected to take over the rail transport sector in the coming decades. Many of the presented solutions and prototypes focused on using hydrogen as fuel for a system of hydrogen fuel cells, which are then used to produce the electricity needed to drive the vehicle. The development of hydrogen fuel technologies in vehicle drives in recent years allowed for a set of new solutions to appear for all types of rail vehicles and applications. Hydrogen powered rail vehicles for transporting cargo, passengers, and shunting vehicles have been shown. This article provides a discussion of the newest hydrogen solutions and vehicles sent to the market. It was determined that the adoption of such solutions will be mainly restricted by the relative cost of the hydrogen fuel rather than the vehicles or fuel cell technologies themselves. The cost of hydrogen production, when powered by renewable Energy sources to enable reduced carbon dioxide emissions, would need to be reduced to at least $2.50 /kg of fuel in order to satisfy the requirements for widespread adoption.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 3; 84--91
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indication of the Target Alternative Fuel for Shipping
Autorzy:
Herdzik, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
marine fuel
alternative fuel
shipping
atmospheric emission
environment protection
Opis:
he article presents the regulations of the International Maritime Organization aimed at reducing carbon dioxide emissions from international shipping. One of the main objectives is to search the alternative to fossil fuels. The main problem is the lack of indication of the target fuel for shipping. The current changes, forced by international regulations, are made by the decisions of shipowners who themselves are looking for an alternative fuel that will enable them to continue their activities. Attempts have been made to use fuels considered as transient, which will be used in the perspective of about 10 years. However, this is too short a time compared to the life of the ship (20-30 years). This will force another change in the type of fuel used on ships still in operation, which will result in additional costs associated with the adaptation of the ship’s power plant fuel systems to a different type of fuel. The article evaluates the changes that currently taking place. Scenarios of the most likely directions of changes in a perspective of 2050 have been indicated.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2022, 16, 4; 48--55
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some aspects of validation of the fuel consumption measurement method
Autorzy:
Taubert, S.
Majerczyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel consumption
validation
Opis:
Currently produced diesel engines of different manufacturers, used for the same applications, have comparable specific fuel consumption. Therefore, the laboratories measuring fuel consumption, especially in comparative tests, require the use of more accurate methods of measurement. The Environmental Protection Centre of Motor Transport Institute has recently implemented the fuel consumption measurement method using KMA Mobile flow meter produced by AVL company. This device allows to carry out measurements by both volumetric and mass method, thanks to builtin device for measuring the fuel density. Due to some customers requirements the laboratory began with preparations for obtaining accreditation of the Polish Centre of Accreditation for the procedure of measuring fuel consumption by volumetric and mass method. One of the requirements of the Polish Centre for Accreditation is carrying out the validation of the new method. It can be done by comparing the results obtained with new method with the results of the method already validated. The validated method is described in the regulation. This is the carbon balance method described in UN-ECE Regulations No. 101. The calculation of fuel consumption according to this method is based on a measurement of pollutants emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC). This paper describes the fuel consumptions measuring procedure using two methods: mass method using a AVL KMA Mobile flow meter and carbon balance method using the AVL AMA i60 analyzers. To verify measurement results additionally there was fuel consumption measured with using a scale, as a difference of the external fuel tank mass change, from which the vehicle was fuelled during the tests
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 457-464
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnostyka spalania ładunku uwarstwionego podczas wieloczęściowego bezpośredniego wtrysku benzyny
Diagnostics of stratified charge combustion in the conditions of multiple gasoline injection
Autorzy:
Pielecha, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
bezpośredni wtrysk benzyny
podział dawki paliwa
spalanie paliw
direct fuel injection
fuel dose division
fuel combustion
Opis:
W artykule dokonano analizy wyników badań procesu spalania ładunków o różnych wartościach współczynnika nadmiaru powietrza podczas wieloczęściowego bezpośredniego wtrysku benzyny. Zestawiono ze sobą badania optyczne i indykatorowe wykonane z wykorzystaniem maszyny do pojedynczego cyklu pracy. Badania przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem kamery do zdjęć szybkich oraz układu do indykowania procesu roboczego silnika. Wskazano na możliwości diagnostyki procesu spalania z wykorzystaniem obu metod badawczych. Rozkłady temperatury płomienia wyznaczono z wykorzystaniem zdwojonej optyki umożliwiającej jednoczesny zapis obrazu płomienia z uwzględnieniem filtrów optycznych. Przedstawiono rozwój płomienia oraz wskazano na zróżnicowanie tych szybkości podczas różnych strategii bezpośredniego wtrysku benzyny.
The paper presents an analysis of the results of investigations into the combustion process of charges of different air excess coefficients during multiple injection of gasoline. The author presented the optical investigations and indicator tests realized of a rapid compression machine. The investigations were carried out using a high-speed camera and an engine indicator system. The author indicated the possibilities of diagnostics of the combustion process using both research methods. The distributions of the flame temperature were determined using dual optics enabling a simultaneous recording of the flame image with optical filters. The flame development was presented and the differences in the velocity of the flame development were indicated depending on different direct injection strategies.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 3; 509-516
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of purposefullness of the premium type diesel fuels’ use in reducing the unfavourable influence on the environment
Ocena celowości stosowania olejów napędowych typu premium w zmniejszeniu niekorzystnego oddziaływania na środowisko
Autorzy:
Kaszkowiak, J.
Markiewicz-Patalon, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
diesel fuel
fuel
Standard
Premium
fuel consumption
agricultural vehicles
olej napędowy
paliwo
zużycie paliwa
pojazd rolniczy
Opis:
As a result of the conducted tests on the gross calorific value and the volumes of ash for fuels of Standard and Premium type available at Polish fuel distributors it was found that the tested parameters in most cases showed no substantial differences. The tests conducted with the use of a calorimeter showed relationship between the gross calorific value and the volume of the deposit that remained for both the types of fuels (the higher results of the gross calorific value the lower volume of deposit remaining after burning).
W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań ciepła spalania oraz ilości popiołu dla paliw typu Standard oraz paliw typu Premium dostępnych u polskich dystrybutorów paliw stwierdzono, iż badane parametry nie wykazują w większości przypadków istotnych różnic. Badania prowadzone przy użyciu kalorymetru wykazały zależność pomiędzy ciepłem spalania, a ilością pozostałego osadu dla obu typu paliw (im wyższe wyniki ciepła spalania, tym mniejsza ilość osadu pozostałego po spaleniu).
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2017, 62, 3; 168-171
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ składu chemicznego benzyny i zawartości etanolu w kształtowaniu właściwości eksploatacyjnych
Effects of ethanol addition and chemical composition of the fuel on its performance parameters
Autorzy:
Pałuchowska, M.
Jakóbiec, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/315411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
paliwo etanolowe
skład chemiczny benzyny
jakość paliwa
ethanol fuel
chemical composition of the fuel
fuel quality
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono informacje dotyczące poprawy właściwości użytkowych paliw etanolowych poprzez zastosowanie dobranych jakościowo i ilościowo pakietów dodatków uszlachetniających i komponentów tlenowych (alkoholu etanolowego). Istotnymi parametrami jakościowymi benzyn etanolowych są oktanowość, skład frakcyjny i prężność par.
This paper describes possible improvements of performance parameters of ethanol-enriched fuels by using a variety of different (in terms of both quality and volume) fuel additives and oxygen components. Essential quality indicators of this type of fuels are octane rating, fractional composition and vapour pressure.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2012, 13, 4; 140-149
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reliability assessment of a main propulsion engine fuel oil system- what are the failure-prone components?
Autorzy:
Islam, R.
Anantharaman, M.
Khan, F.
Garaniya, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116811.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
engine room
main propulsion
fuel oil system
engine fuel oil
Failure Running Hours (FRH)
main engine fuel oil
fuel oil
failure-prone component
Opis:
The main propulsion engine is the heart of a vessel which carries the entire load of the ship and propels to move ahead. The main engine consists of various sub-systems, the fuel oil system is the most important one. Fuel oil system provides fuel to the engine via a fuel injector mounted on the engine cylinder head. During the voyage, the main engine of a ship encounters a variation in loads and stresses due to rough weather to harsh manoeuvring, which sometimes leads to the breakdown of the main engine. Fuel oil systems are identified as one of the main reasons for engine breakdown. Many accidents happened due to the failure of the main engine fuel oil system in the last two decades. To ensure safe and reliable main propulsion engine operation, it is required to assess the reliability of a fuel oil system. However, there is a significant lack of appropriate data to develop the reliability assessment techniques for fuel oil system. This study proposes appropriate data collection and analysis procedure for the reliability assessment of a fuel oil system. Data related to Failure Running Hours (FRH) of a fuel oil system is collected from 101 experienced marine engineers through a questionnaire. The collected data processed using a box plot and analysed for a normality test. It helps to identify the generalization of the data. Moreover, this study identified failure-prone components of a fuel oil system. The collected data will help in developing reliability assessment techniques for accurate reliability analysis of a fuel oil system. The identified failure-prone components will assist in future reliability analysis and risk mitigation strategies for improving the overall safety and reliability of the shipping industry.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 2; 415-420
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of the working process in a dual-fuel low-emission combustion chamber for an FPSO gas turbine engine
Autorzy:
Serbin, Serhiy
Diasamidze, Badri
Dzida, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1585065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
gas turbine engine
dual-fuel combustion
combustion chamber
liquid fuel
Opis:
This investigation is devoted to an analysis of the working process in a dual-fuel low-emission combustion chamber for a floating vessel’s gas turbine. The low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with partial pre-mixing of fuel and air inside the outer and inner radial-axial swirlers was chosen as the object of research. When modelling processes in a dualflow low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber, a generalized method is used, based on the numerical solution of the system of conservation and transport equations for a multi-component chemically reactive turbulent system, taking into consideration nitrogen oxides formation. The Eddy-Dissipation-Concept model, which incorporates Arrhenius chemical kinetics in a turbulent flame, and the Discrete Phase Model describing the interfacial interaction are used in the investigation. The obtained results confirmed the possibility of organizing efficient combustion of distillate liquid fuel in a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber operating on the principle of partial preliminary formation of a fuel-air mixture. Comparison of four methods of liquid fuel supply to the channels of radial-axial swirlers (centrifugal, axial, combined, and radial) revealed the advantages of the radial supply method, which are manifested in a decrease in the overall temperature field non-uniformity at the outlet and a decrease in nitrogen oxides emissions. The calculated concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide at the flame tube outlet for the radial method of fuel supply are 32 and 9.1 ppm, respectively. The results can be useful for further modification and improvement of the characteristics of dual-fuel gas turbine combustion chambers operating with both gaseous and liquid fuels.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2020, 3; 89-99
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The process of deposit formation on piezoelectric injector of common rail fuel injection system
Proces tworzenia osadów na elementach wtryskiwaczy piezoelektrycznych układu wtrysku paliwa typu common rail
Autorzy:
Jakóbiec, J.
Wadrzyk, M.
Cieślikowski, B.
Mazanek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336633.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
engine
fuel injection
injector
fuel
silnik
układ wtryskowy
wtryskiwacz
paliwo
Opis:
The complexity of the deposit formation process on the components of compression ignition engine, including high-pressure injection Common Rail systems, is gaining global significance. Knowledge related to the mechanisms of their formation and chemical composition is still insufficient and requires further studies. The studies allowed, hypothetically, assuming several mechanisms of their formation, but each of them requires further research in order to be verified and finally confirmed. This is due to high complexity of the factors and conditions that may affect the initiation of the deposit formation, of which the most important are: fuel and additive composition and type of contaminants from fuel production and transport. Deposit physical nature may vary, as it may be soaps, salts of metals or ashless materials like imide or amide of organic polymers. This article contains the results of the research on the assessment of Common Rail injector components contamination and their technical condition, after 80 thousand km operational run, with the use of diesel and biofuel B10.
Złożoność procesu tworzenia się osadów na elementach silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym, zwłaszcza w układzie zasilania Common Rail o wysokim ciśnieniu wtrysku, zyskuje istotne znaczenie. Wiedza związana z mechanizmami ich powstawania a także ich składem chemicznym jest wciąż niewystarczająca i dlatego procesy te wymagają dalszych badań. W badaniach zakłada się hipotetycznie kilka mechanizmów ich powstawania, ale każdy wymaga dalszych analiz w celu weryfikacji dokonanych założeń. Wynika to z dużej złożoności czynników i warunków, które mogą mieć wpływ na zapoczątkowania tworzenia się osadów, z których najważniejszymi są: skład paliwa, pakiety dodatków uszlachetniających oraz rodzaj zanieczyszczeń pochodzących z produkcji paliwa i transportu. Skład fizyko-chemiczny może się różnić, ponieważ mogą one stanowić mydła, sole metali lub materiałów bezpopiołowych oraz polimerów organicznych. W artykule zamieszczono wyniki badań autorów dotyczące oceny zanieczyszczenia i stanu technicznego wtryskiwaczy Common Rail zasilanych olejem napędowym i biopaliwem B10 po przebiegu eksploatacyjnym 80 tys. km.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2017, 62, 1; 48-54
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the fuel injection pressure on the combustion process in a PFI boosted spark-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Merola, S. S.
Sementa, P.
Tornatore, C.
Vaglieco, B. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
PFI SI engine
boosting
fuel injection
fuel deposition
optical diagnostics
Opis:
In this paper, low-cost solutions were proposed to reduce the fuel consumption in a boosted port fuel injection spark ignition (PFI SI) engine, taking into account the engine performances and the pollutants emission. To this purpose, the optical characterization of the fuel injection and of the combustion process was carried out in a PFI SI engine. The experiments were performed on a partially transparent single-cylinder SI engine, equipped with a four-valve head and an external boost device. The intake manifold was optically accessible through three holes that allowed the introduction of an endoscope and of optical fibres. The standard injection condition planned by the engine manufacturer was investigated; it consisted in the fuel injection at 3.5 bar when the intake valves were closed. Moreover, the fuel injection with open intake valves was tested; 3.5 and 6.5 bar fuel pressures were studied for open and closed valves conditions. Optical techniques based on 2D-digital imaging were used to follow the fuel injection spray in the intake manifold and the flame propagation in the combustion chamber. The results of in-cylinder optical investigations were correlated with the engine performances and with the exhaust emissions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 341-349
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem dokładności obliczeń zużycia paliwa przez samochód na podstawie map emisji CO2
The problem of calculation accuracy of fuel consumption taking into account CO2 emission map
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
zużycie paliwa
paliwo
samochód osobowy
fuel
fuel consumption
passenger car
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń przebiegowego zużycia paliwa metodą energochłonności ruchu i bilansu węgla na podstawie dynamicznych map emisji CO2. Zestawienią wyników obliczeń dla miejskiego i drogowego cyklu jezdnego potwierdziło słuszność przyjętej przez autora metody wyznaczania mapy wzrostu jednostkowego zużycia paliwa w niestacjonarnych warunkach pracy i zainspirowały do korekty metody bilansu węgla.
Calculation results of mileage fuel consumption applying the method of energy consumption of driving as well as coal balance which takes into consideration CO2 emission dynamic maps have been presented in the paper. The comparison of calculation results of driving in the city and those of long distance driving confirmed that the methods of assigning the maps of the increase of unitary fuel consumptuon in non-stationary work conditions chosen by the writer of this paper seemed to be most appropriate. It encouraged to make the necessary corrections of the coal balance method.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2009, 65; 95-102
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przyczyny wzrostu przebiegowego zużycia paliwa w samochodzie w ruchu rzeczywistym
The causes of the increase of mileage fuel, consumption of a car in real driving conditions
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
zużycie paliwa
paliwo
samochód osobowy
fuel
fuel consumption
passenger car
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono przyczyny ewentualnych rozbieżności pomiędzy rzeczywistym a homologacyjnym przebiegowym zużyciem paliwa w samochodach osobowych. Zaprezentowane analizy oparto na najnowszych wynikach badań, uzyskanych w ostatnich latach przez autora i w ośrodkach zagranicznych.
The causes of probable divergences between the real and the oficially certified mileage fuel consumption in cars have been presented in the paper. The discussed analysis has beeb based on the latest examination results obtained by the writer of this paper and by the foregin research centers.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2009, 65; 103-112
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Security of military aviation flight operations concerning the quality of fuel supplied to aircraft
Autorzy:
Wojdat, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/198540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
aviation
aviation fuel
fuel quality
lotnictwo
paliwo lotnicze
jakość paliwa
Opis:
The specificity of military flights operations imposes a number of requirements on aircraft. One of the main factors concerning the realization of the air task is the reliability of the engine. The most common cause of aircraft engine malfunctioning is the quality of the fuel supplied. This paper presents the factors affecting the quality of fuel supplied to aircraft and the procedures preventing the delivery of aircraft fuel, which could interfere with the operation of the aircraft engine.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2017, 94; 239-247
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the influence of the supply pressure on functional parameters of the impulse low-pressure gas-phase injector
Autorzy:
Szpica, Dariusz
Borawski, Andrzej
Mieczkowski, Grzegorz
Kusznier, Michał
Awad, Mohamad M.
Sadik, Adel M.
Sallah, Mohammed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837920.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
mechanical engineering
combustion engines
fuel supply
alternative fuel injector
research
Opis:
The article presents research results referring to the influence of supply pressure on the functional parameters of the impulse low-pressure gas-phase injector. The study was done on the original stand for flow test of gas-phase injectors. In the indirect evaluation, with the initial parameters and the length of the forced impulse, the current line, acceleration and pressure sensor courses were used. Apart from the volumetric flow rate, the analysed parameters were the time periods of the injector opening and closing process. Those time segments were composed of response time and opening/closing time, the sum of which gives time of full opening. Functional relationships describing the volumetric flow rate, time of full opening and closing are presented, which are helpful not only in comparative tests of different injectors, but also in modelling the operation of gas injector or algorithms of gas supply control system. The reference to the volumetric flow rate allowed to indicate possible causes of variability of this parameter depending on the supply pressure.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2020, 14, 4; 180-185
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method for assessing of ship fuel system failures resulting from fuel changeover imposed by environmental requirements
Autorzy:
Kowalak, Przemysław
Myśków, Jarosław
Tuński, Tomasz
Bykowski, Dariusz
Borkowski, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2038055.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
failure frequency
fuel changeover
fuel system failure
emission control area
Opis:
Environmental regulations instigated the technological and procedural revolution in shipping. One of the challenges has been sulfur emission control areas (SECA) and requirement of fuel changeover. Initially, many reports anticipated that new grades of low sulfur fuels might increase various technical problems in ship operation. This research develops a simple and easy to use method of the failure severity and intensity assessment in relation to fuel changeover. The scale of failure rate in the ship’s fuel system was evaluated qualitatively and quantitively, using developed failure frequency indicator and the time between failure. Based on 77 records of fuel system failures collected on seven ships, it has been found that frequency of failures related to SECA fuel changeover is on average nearly three times higher compared to the rest of sailing time. Their severity did not significantly change, but the structure of failures changed considerably. The method and presented results may help in improvement of ship’s systems design and on-board operational procedures.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2021, 23, 4; 619-626
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Basen wypalonego paliwa
Spent fuel pool
Autorzy:
Rzymkowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/214110.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
basen wypalonego paliwa
wypalone paliwo
przechowalnik mokry
spent fuel pond
spent fuel pool
spent fuel
wet storage
Opis:
W opracowaniu przedstawiono podstawowe problemy związane z przechowywaniem zestawów wypalonego paliwa w basenie
The paper presents the basic problems associated with the storage of spent fuel clusters in the pool
Źródło:
Postępy Techniki Jądrowej; 2017, 4; 12-20
0551-6846
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Techniki Jądrowej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stanowisko Unii Europejskiej wobec paliw kopalnianych
European Union on the Fossil Fuels
Autorzy:
Czech, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/591612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Energetyka
Gospodarka paliwowo-energetyczna
Produkcja paliw
Przemysł paliwowy
Energetics
Fuel and energetic economy
Fuel industry
Fuel production
Opis:
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie stanowiska Unii Europejskiej wobec paliw kopalnianych. Struktura analizy obejmuje wprowadzenie zarysowujące główną problematykę, następnie omawia bilans energetyczny Unii Europejskiej, który pozwala na określenie zapotrzebowania na poszczególne surowce energetyczne Unii. W dalszej kolejności został przedstawiony stosunek państw członkowskich wobec węgla, ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego, jako najbardziej pożądanych zasobów energetycznych, które mają kluczowe znaczenie dla bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Unii Europejskie
The aim of this paper is to present the stance of the European Union towards fossil fuels. The analysis begins with introduction that depicts the crucial issues, followed by energy balance of the European Union, which allows to determine the provision of energy resources of the European Union. Furthermore, we present the attitude of members states of the European Union towards coal, oil, and natural gas, as the most desirable energy resources, which are crucial for energy security of the European Union.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 184; 39-53
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of the thermal cycle of SI engine fuelled by liquid and gaseous fuel
Modelowanie obiegu cieplnego silnika ZI zasilanego paliwem cieklym i gazowym
Autorzy:
Kociszewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
combustion engine
exhaust emission
modelling
thermal cycle
engine fuel
gaseous fuel
liquid fuel
lean mixture
numerical analysis
Opis:
Results of numerical analysis of methane and gasoline combustion in SI engine are presented in the paper. Work parameters of engine fuelled by gasoline and methane lean mixtures (excess air factor equals λ = 1.8) are compared.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy numerycznej procesu spalania metanu oraz benzyny w silniku ZI. Porównano parametry pracy modelu silnika zasilanego ubogimi mieszankami benzyny i metanu, przy współczynniku nadmiaru powietrza λ = 1.8.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2011, 11C
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of the efficiency of a dual-fuel gas turbine combustion chamber with a plasma‒chemical element
Autorzy:
Serbin, Serhiy
Diasamidze, Badri
Dzida, Marek
Chen, Daifen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32921246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
gas turbine engine
power plant
dual-fuel combustion
combustion chamber
liquid fuel
gaseous fuel
plasma-assisted combustion
Opis:
The study is devoted to the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the working process in dual-fuel combustion chambers of gas turbine engines for FPSO vessels. For the first time, it is proposed to use the advantages of plasma‒chemical intensification of the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in the dual-fuel combustion chambers, which can simultaneously operate on gaseous and liquid fuels. A design scheme of a combustion chamber with a plasma‒chemical element is proposed. A continuous type mathematical model of a combustion chamber with a plasma‒chemical element has been developed, which is based on the solution of a system of differential equations describing the processes of chemical reactions in a turbulent system, taking into consideration the initiating effect of the products of plasma‒chemical reactions on the processes of flame propagation. A modified six-stage kinetic scheme of hydrocarbon oxidation was used to simultaneously predict the combustion characteristics of the gaseous and liquid fuels, taking into account the decrease in the activation energy of carbon monoxide oxidation reactions when the products of the plasma‒chemical element are added. The results reveal that the addition of plasma‒chemical products significantly reduces CO emissions in the outlet section of the flame tube (from 25‒28 ppm to 3.9‒4.6 ppm), while the emission of nitrogen oxides remains practically unchanged for the studied combustion chamber. Further research directions are proposed to enhance the working process efficiency of a dual-fuel combustion chamber for gas turbine engines as part of the power plant of FSPO vessels.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 2; 68-75
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Operational evaluation of atomization indicators for gasoline with admixtures of ethanol and butanol during Keep-Clean tests
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Stępień, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fuel additives
fuel injection
Keep-Clean tests
fuel atomization
fuel injector deposits
operational evaluation
dodatki do paliw
wtrysk paliwa
testy zanieczyszczeń
osady
ocena eksploatacyjna
Opis:
The global policy of reducing road transport sector pollution requires the introduction of significantly modified already in use technologies and construction solutions. Currently, direct fuel injection technology is the best solution in terms of reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of standard pollutants into the atmosphere, as well as further improving the engine performance. In terms of exhaust emissions, direct injection spark ignition engines are characterized by significantly higher exhaust emissions of particulate matter (approximately 10 times higher) compared to indirect fuel injection SI engines, they show a greater tendency to knocking combustion and are prone to the formation of harmful deposits on engine parts, including in the fuel injectors. The injector tips located in the combustion chamber are exposed to the direct influence of the very high pressure and temperature caused by the combusting fuel-air mixture, which contributes to the rapid formation of harmful deposits. Operation-based injectors contamination in spark ignition engines results in a reduction of the cross-sectional flow diameter of the injector, which then necessitates the extension of the injection time in order to maintain the fuel dose and the expected engine operating parameters. The tests were carried out on an engine dynamometer and an optical test stand for fuel atomization process. The presented research analyzes indicate the possibility of using admixtures that effectively reduce the likelihood of contamination. The paper presents a results analysis of engine tests performed in accordance with the CEC F-113-KC procedure. Additionally, the injectors were tested to conduct an analysis of the injected fuel stream’s geometric indicators. The range, surface area and speed of the injected fuel stream as well as the fuel distribution in the stream were determined based on an equivalent indicator. The obtained results indicated that ethanol and butanol admixtures of 10% (V/V) to gasoline did not significantly extend the fuel injection time as compared to the reference fuel. A further increase in the proportion of ethanol caused a significant deterioration of the fuel flow and the geometric indicators of the fuel spray.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2022, 62, 2; 123--137
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie dodatków paliwowych w procesach spalania paliw stałych
The role of fuel additives in the fuel combustion process
Autorzy:
Chyc, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340490.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
paliwo stałe
dodatek paliwowy
spalanie paliwa
emisja spalin
sadza kominowa
solid fuel
fuel additives
fuel combustion
carbon black
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę składu chemicznego dodatków paliwowych. Racjonalne stosowanie modyfikatorów procesu spalania może znacząco przyczyniać się do poprawy parametrów jakościowych emitowanych spalin. W związku z tym dobór składu chemicznego dodatku paliwowego jest niezmiernie istotny. Zanieczyszczenie powietrza jest problemem globalnym, szczególnie odczuwalnym w krajach, gdzie węgiel jest głównym nośnikiem energii. Niska emisja zanieczyszczeń atmosferycznych przyczynia się do powstawania smogu, kwaśnych deszczy i opadów cząstek stałych na rozległych obszarach. Powoduje to zakłócenie naturalnej równowagi ekologicznej. Atmosfera uboga w tlen sprzyja powstawaniu sadzy, produktów smolistych i tlenku węgla. Opracowano wiele koncepcji dodatków paliwowych; do najpopularniejszych z nich należą związki miedzi i chlorek sodu. Dodatki paliwowe dają możliwość zmniejszenia uciążliwości spalania węgla, redukując ilość paliwa potrzebną do produkcji jednostkowej ilości energii. Z tego zakresu opatentowano wiele wynalazków dotyczących doboru odpowiedniego składu chemicznego modyfikatorów. Niniejszy artykuł wiąże zagadnienia z zakresu technologii spalania w odniesieniu do dodatków paliwowych oraz podstawowe zagadnienia dotyczące chemizmu reakcji syntezy chloropochodnych ksenobiotyków.
The study presents the profile of chemical composition of fuel additives. A rational use of combustion process modifiers can significantly improve quality parameters of fuel emissions, therefore it is crucial to properly match the chemical composition of fuel additive. Air pollution is a global issue, particularly oppressive in countries where coal is the main energy carrier. Low air pollutant emission contributes to smog creation, acid rains and particle falling over extensive areas, disturbing natural ecological balance. Low oxygen air is conducive to soot, tar products and carbon oxide production. Many concepts of fuel additives were developed, but the most popular are copper compounds and sodium chloride. Fuel additives provide for the decrease of coal combustion inconvenience by reducing the amount of fuel needed to produce an energy unit. Many inventions concerning the selection of suitable chemical composition of modifiers were patented. The present study discusses the issues of combustion process in relation to fuel additives and fundamental issues of chemism of synthesis of chlorine derivative xenobiotics.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2012, 1; 5-16
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vlijanie rezhimov metanovogo srazhivanija na ehffektivnost proizvodstva biogaza
Alternative fuel-oils
Autorzy:
Polyschuk, V.
Lobodko, N.
Dubrovina, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/77207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
biogas
substrate
alternative fuel
slurry
methane
reservoir
temperature regime
fuel oil
Opis:
Проведен анализ условий, влияющих на интенсификацию процесса метанового сбраживания. Определена степень влияния на эффективность производства биогаза и его тепловую ценность температурного режима метантенка, сырьевой базы, перемешивания, наличия коферментаторов
The analysis of conditions affecting the intensification of the process of methanoic fermentation. Determined by degree of influence on the efficiency of the production of biogas and its thermal value of the temperature regime of methane tank, raw-material base, mixing, and the availability of co-fermentors.
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2013, 15, 3
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental research on influence of the fuel nozzle geometry on the fuel consumption of the marine 4-stroke diesel engine
Autorzy:
Kowalski, J.
Nagórski, J.
Sikora, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245963.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
marine engine
fuel consumption
fuel injection
experimental measurements
compression ignition engine
Opis:
The article presents experimental research that has been carried out on a marine, 4-stroke, 3-cylinder, turbocharged engine. During testing, the engine operated at a constant rotational speed of 750 rpm and a load from 0 kW to 280 kW. The engine was fuelled by diesel oil of known specification and loaded by electric generator with water resistance. The fuel consumption was measured during the engine operation with fuel nozzles with different geometries. The measurement of the fuel consumption was carried out using a weighing system that was designed, constructed, and manufactured by the “KAIZEN” scientific research team at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Gdynia Maritime University. The results of measurements show changes in the fuel consumption by the engine with the geometry of the injected fuel spray. The research facility is Sulzer’s 3- cylinder, 4-stroke, turbocharged AL25/30 piston engine. The fuel system consists of Bosch injection pumps controlled by a rotation speed regulator. Fuel injectors are centrally located in the cylinder heads of the engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 185-190
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thorium nuclear fuel - thoron aspect
Autorzy:
Zagórski, Z. P.
Głuszewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
CR-39
nuclear fuel
radon-220
radon-222
thorium fuel
thoron
Opis:
The communication reports a serious complication connected with preparation, storage and transportation of fuel for thorium and uranium/thorium nuclear reactors. Whereas uranium fuel of any degree of enrichment is free from radium, which produces radon-222, thorium itself produces thoron (radon-220). Measurement of thoron by a routine ionization-chamber device around a small sample of 2 g thorium dioxide shows already the health endangerment situation. The presence of thoron is also confirmed by a typical solid state dosemeter (polymer CR-39), exposed to the air around ThO2 and etched afterwards with warm NaOH solution. The unavoidable presence of thoron can cause increase of price of production of nuclear fuel, demanding special approach to the method of manufacture.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 407-408
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis concerning possibilities of reduction of toxic substances and co2 emission by use of dual fuel diesel engines for seagoing ships main propulsion
Autorzy:
Giernalczyk, M.
Górski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
toxic substances
carbon dioxide
fuel consumption
dual fuel engines
natural gas
Opis:
The goal of the paper is to focus the problem of emission of toxic compounds e.g. NOx, SOx and CO2 from seagoing ships to environment. The VI Amendment to Marpol Convention concerning prevention against air pollution by seagoing ships brought into practice in May 19th 2005 forced ship owners to use means for reduction of environment harmful substances emission to atmosphere. Considerable reduction of these harmful substances can be use dual fuel diesel engines for ship propulsion. Dual fuel engines are fuelled by natural gas having methane as main component. Leading producers of marine diesel engines introduced into production diesel engines DF (Dual Fuel) type. These engines can be fuelled alternatively with natural gas or with heavy fuel oil and marine diesel oil. Today the propulsion by diesel engines fuelled with natural gas is the most popular on ships carrying natural gas cargo i.e. LNG carriers (Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers). Natural gas is freight in liquid form under atmospheric pressure in temperature -163 °C. Due to heat penetration into cargo tanks, the liquefied gas evaporates. Evaporated cargo BOF (Boil Off Gas) is used as a fuel in ship diesel engines. However, dual fuel engines are used on other types of ships not only on LNG carriers. A number of seagoing ships fuelled with natural gas are now under construction. For example container ship 9,000 TEU in Japan shipyard Kawasaki Heavy Industries or container ship 14,000 TEU in Korean shipyard Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering for company CMA-CGM. Ships fuelled with natural gas e.g. modern ferries are also built by Stocznia Remontowa Shipbuilding in Poland for Norwegian owner. Adaptation of presently operated ships for fuelling with natural gas is also considered.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 77-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of aviation fuel JP-8 and diesel fuel blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions
Autorzy:
Labeckas, G.
Slavinskas, S.
Vilutienė, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engine
jet fuel
diesel fuel
autoignition
combustion
performance
exhaust emissions
Opis:
The article presents bench test results of a four-stroke, four-cylinder, naturally aspirated, DI diesel engine operating with neat JP-8 fuel (J) and its blends with Diesel fuel (D) in following proportions by volume: 90/10 (J+10D), 70/30 (J+D30), 50/ 50 (J+D50), 30/70 (J+D70), and 100% diesel fuel (DF). The purpose of the research was to analyse and compare changes occurred in the autoignition delay, combustion events, engine performance efficiency, emissions, and smoke of the exhaust when running on JP-8 fuel, jet-diesel fuel blends, and diesel fuel at a full (100%) engine load and speed of 1400 min–1 at which maximum torque occurs and rated speed of 2200 min–1. It was found that the start of injection (SOI) and the start of combustion (SOC) occurred earlier in an engine cycle and the autoignition delay decreased by 9.0% and 12.7% due to replacement of aviation JP-8 fuel with diesel fuel at a full load and the latter speeds. Maximum in-cylinder pressure was 6.8% and 4.0% higher when operating with diesel fuel, whereas brake thermal efficiency was 3.3% and 7.7% higher, and brake specific fuel consumption 2.8% and 7.0% lower when using fuel blend J+D50 compared with the respective values measured with neat JP-8 fuel. Emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were 13.3% and 13.1% higher from a straight diesel running at speed of 1400 min–1, and 19.0% and 19.5% higher at a higher speed of 2200 min–1. The carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and total unburned hydrocarbons (HC) decreased 2.1 times and by 12.3% when running with fuel blend J+D70 at speed of 2200 min–1 compared with those values measured with jet fuel. Smoke of the exhaust was 53.1% and 1.9% higher when using fuel blend J+D10 than that of 46.9% and 70.0% measured with jet fuel at speeds of 1400 and 2200 min–1. The engine produced 34.5% more smoke from combustion of fuel blend J+D70 at the low speed of 1400 min–1, but smoke converted to be 11.3% lower when operating at a higher speed of 2200 min–1.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 129-138
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Discussion on the methodology of the lubricity determination of diesel fuels, containing non petroleum components
Autorzy:
Dzięgielewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949493.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CI engine
CI fuels
non-petroleum fuel components
fuel tribochemical characteristics
Opis:
The paper describes the usability of current test methods employed in fuels for CI engines testing for fuels containing non-petroleum components. The paper describes test results that justify the necessity for test method modification and for establishing new criteria for assessment of such fuels usability. The analysis covered typical courses of friction coefficient and electrical contact potential as film thickness during test. During standard test the wear stages were isolated, and then referenced to actual operation of friction pair in fuel supply system of diesel engine. Test results show that methodology used up to date is not useful. The restriction to standard corrected wear scar diameter (WS 1.4) is not enough for proper interpretation of course and effects of model wear. Moreover, it is impossible to reference to actual operation conditions, which is inconsistent with tribological testing rules. Such rules mean that testing conditions reflect the actual ones as much as possible. Characteristics of test technique using HFRR, discussion on test method usability for testing the modified fuels, lubricity change vs. the increase of concentration of hydrocarbons typical for biohydrocarbons from Fischer-Tropsch process, comparison of changes of friction coefficient and lubrication film thickness for samples are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 41-47
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kontrola zużycia paliwa - system rejestrujący CL 400
Control of fuel consumption - system CL 400
Autorzy:
Czerwiński, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/250225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
kontola zuzycia paliwa
paliwo
transport szynowy
fuel
fuel consumption
rail transport
Opis:
Wysoka i ciagle rosnąca cena oleju napędowego i związane z tym zwiększenie kosztów eksploatacji pojazdów prakcyjnych powoduja poszukiwanie rozwiązań umożliwijących jego efektywniejsze wykorzystanie.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2008, 4; 22-25
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels – Concept of National Periodic Inspection System
Autorzy:
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
legal regulation
periodic inspection
solid fuel boilers
solid fuel space heater
Opis:
The article introduces the concept of individual solid fuel heating devices periodic inspections system. The necessary legal changes for the creation of the legal framework of the system, the proposed scope of control, persons who could be entrusted with the realization of periodic inspections and measurements, as well as data acquisition and possible sanctions for non-compliance or violation of proposed duties were presented.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 8; 86-91
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Canola oil electooxitadion on smooth platinum electrode
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, P.
Włodarczyk, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101329.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
canola oil
bio-fuel
fuel cell
renewable energy sources
environment engineering
Opis:
As fuel for fuel cells can be used various substances, but mainly fuel cells are powered by clear hydrogen (or hydrogen obtained from organic substances by reforming process). However, problems with the storage of hydrogen are the reason for the search of new fuels for fuel cells. Due to development of the renewable energy sources, the powering of fuel cells with bio-fuels is very important. Vegetable oil is an alternative fuel for diesel engines and for heating oil burners. Powering high efficiency power sources like fuel cells with renewable fuels (like canola oil) will allow development of renewable energy sources and elimination or reduce of toxic substances emissions. The paper presents the possibility of using canola oil as fuel for direct electricity production. The work shows possible electrooxidation of canola oil emulsion on a smooth platinum electrode in an solution of H2SO4. The resulting current density of canola oil electrooxidation reached the maximum level of 8 mA/cm2. So, the possibility of using canola oil as fuel for direct electricity production has been proved.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2018, III/1; 589-598
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in microbial dehydrogenase activity and pH during bioremediation of fuel contaminated soil
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, D.
Marchut-Mikolajczyk, O.
Antczak, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biodiesel fuel
bioremediation
dehydrogenase
soil contamination
bacterial strain
biodegradation
diesel fuel
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2015, 96, 4
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena właściwości smarnych wybranych paliw pochodzenia roślinnego i naftowego
Assessment of lubricating properties of selected vegetable and kerosene fuels
Autorzy:
Batko, B.
Dobek, T. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/291277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
paliwo
biopaliwo
paliwo naftowe
smarność
vegetable fuel
kerosene fuel
lubricating ability
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań smarności wybranych paliw naftowych oraz estrów metylowych oleju rzepakowego i rafinowanego oleju roślinnego. Właściwości smarne określono na podstawie oporów tarcia występujących w skojarzeniu tarciowym oraz temperatury paliwa. Z badań wynika, że paliwa pochodzenia roślinnego charakteryzują się lepszymi właściwościami smarnymi od paliw naftowych.
The paper presents the results of testing the lubricating properties of selected kerosene fuels and methyl esters of rape oil and refined vegetable oil. The lubricating properties were determined on the basis of frictional resistance occurring during friction test, and fuel temperature. It has been found that vegetable fuels are characterized by better lubricating properties compared to kerosene fuels.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2008, R. 12, nr 4(102), 4(102); 69-74
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porysenie toplivnoj zkonomicnosti i snisenie urovna toksicnosti vyhlopnyh gazov dizela s razdelennoj kameroi sgorania
Increasing of effective and lowering of toxic parameters in pre-chamber Diesel engines
Autorzy:
Klyus, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359805.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
diesel engine
pre-combustion chamber
fuel injector
preliminary fuel treatment fumigation
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2012, 31 (103); 117-121
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CFD modelling of hydrogen starvation conditions in a planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Autorzy:
Pianko-Oprych, P.
Zinko, T.
Jaworski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779053.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
fuel starvation
current density
CFD modelling
Opis:
The aim of this study was to highlight the interest of using CFD technique as a diagnostic tool of a malfunctioning Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Hydrogen starvation of a SOFC due to nitrogen dilution is one of the cell dysfunctions and can lead to its degradation. Identification of the starvation point allows to improve cell performance and establish the best conditions for degradation tests. To illustrate a potential of the CFD tool, several simulations of a single planar SOFC and its behaviour under hydrogen starvation were performed and analysed. The results showed that at lower cell voltage values of 0.3 and 0.5 V significant gradients in the electric current were noticed due to a local reduction in hydrogen concentration. The CFD analysis allowed defining desirable mass flow rate of hydrogen to SOFCs to avoid fuel starvation. The model constitutes a helpful tool for optimizing cell design and operational conditions.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2017, 19, 2; 16-25
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Understanding fuel saving and clean fuel strategies towards green maritime
Autorzy:
Van Nhanh, Nguyen
Rudzki, Krzysztof
Dzida, Marek
Pham, Nguyen Dang Khoa
Pham, Minh Tuan
Nguyen, Phuoc Quy Phong
Nguyen, Xuan Phuong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32919438.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
marine engine
alternative fuel
green maritime
fuel savings
low-carbon strategy
Opis:
Due to recent emission-associated regulations imposed on marine fuel, ship owners have been forced to seek alternate fuels, in order to meet the new limits. The aim of achieving low-carbon shipping by the year 2050, has meant that alternative marine fuels, as well as various technological and operational initiatives, need to be taken into account. This article evaluates and examines recent clean fuels and novel clean technologies for vessels. The alternative fuels are classified as low-carbon fuels, carbon-free fuels, and carbon neutral fuels, based on their properties. Fuel properties, the status of technological development, and existing challenges are also summarised in this paper. Furthermore, researchers have also investigated energy-saving devices and discovered that zero-carbon and virtually zero-carbon clean fuels, together with clean production, might play an important part in shipping, despite the commercial impracticability of existing costs and infrastructure. More interestingly, the transition to marine fuel is known to be a lengthy process; thus, early consensus-building, as well as action-adoption, in the maritime community is critical for meeting the expectations and aims of sustainable marine transportation.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 2; 146-164
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nuclear fissile fuels worldwide reserves
Autorzy:
Chmielewski, A. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
nuclear fuel
uranium
thorium
Opis:
The paper reports on the present evaluation of uranium reserves and discusses different possibilities of the efficiency of fissile fuel use including the possibility of fuel reprocessing, MOX fuel application and breeder reactors deployment. The possibility of thorium applications and uranium extraction from law grade ores and other material streams (phosphoric acid, copper leaching solution) are discussed as well.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 11-14
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some aspect of theory of cumulated fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vehicle
engine
fuel consumption
Opis:
A theory of cumulated fuel consumption in process ofvehicle operation is described. The method of creation the mathematical model and procedure of determination of model variables is shown. The mainfeatures of cumulated fuel consumption are painted attention. li is shown that the theory of cumulated fuel consumption can be use to description of the fuel consumption from beginning the exploitation of vehicles and also for the situation when the vehicle are in exploitation from any time and further fuel consumption are unknown. An example of utilisation of elaborated theory for assessment of operation of passenger car is also presented. It has been shown that applying the theory of cumulated fuel consumption, the course of such consumption can be accurately described also in this case. This proposal can be formulated in spite of making some simplifications. This is because the unknown value of the accumulated fuel before start the time of observation operation will be determined using the average (from the average) fuel consumption. This simplification greatly facilitates the flow of the calculations and it seems does not offend errors in the calculations. Method of determining the average is discussed in the article. It appears that such treatment may be justified by the fact that the mistake is, in principle, systematic error. Very high coefficients of mathematical model to fit the measured data are very interesting. Such regularity was observed during researches in buses transport [l], intercity buses, and the fleets of various vehicles (the results of researches are not yet published).The introduction of the theory of cumulated fuel consumption as one of the important parameters to assess the operation of the vehicle or vehicles may also be useful in exploitation researches. At present times the researches in which the vehicles are already in service and the engine control mops are tuned (chip tuning), are made. A good performance of these changes is often observed on chassis dyno but that is not properly sanctioned in natural exploitation. Experimentation with such issue is underway and will be the subject of future analysis (and publications).
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 447-453
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theory of cumulative fuel consumption by LPG powered cars
Autorzy:
Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel consumption
theory
applications
Opis:
Theory of cumulative fuel consumption is shown for the first time in [1] and [2]. The theory of cumulative fuel consumption has been presented also in this work. The example of LPG car research results have shown the way of getting to mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption and the intensity of cumulative fuel consumption. In this case, the studies were carried out 16 cars whose engines were powered by LPG. The vehicles are operated in a small fleet of vehicles, which run in city traffic. Data on outcomes of exploitation and operation fuel consumption is acquired from the accounting documents of the company. Very good results prediction mathematical model of operational data are obtained. The high value of prescience quotients (in this case R-sq > 9.999) are similar to the values that were obtained in various other cases. Conversance of mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption allows carrying out comprehensive analysis of this significant exploitative parameter. The presented theory must not only be regarded as a theory of cumulative fuel consumption but also can be seen more broadly as a theory of cumulative energy consumption. Research is being conducted on the application of the theory to evaluate energy consumption by hybrid vehicles. The results can be very interesting.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 275-280
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wodór - paliwo przyszłości
Hydrogen - fuel future
Autorzy:
Biernat, Krzysztof
Samson-Bręk, Izabela Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1817408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
paliwa
wodór
fuel
hydrogen
Opis:
Hydrogen it one of most spread radical on earth, this gas has to become alternative due to so general occurrence for mineral fuels exactly chance. Low is unchallenged advantage of employment of hydrogen in car engines emission, then hydrogen is fuel ecological completely. On way to general employment of hydrogen biggest barrier stagnant as storage of this gas is fuel and high cost of its production.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2008, 6, 1; 331-344
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Methane from CNG in Motor Vehicles in Polish Conditions
Autorzy:
Górniak, A.
Midor, K.
Kaźmierczak, J.
Kaniak, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2065030.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
methane
CNG
alternative fuel
Opis:
The current problems related to air pollution in Europe, but also in Poland, are forcing the search for solutions aimed at significantly reducing the amount of solid particles harmful to humans in the air. Road transport is responsible for almost half of the pollution, as it releases nitrogen oxides into the air. In view of the above, the authors of the article want to turn attention toward methane as a fuel alternative traditional ones, pointing to the possibility of its use by Poland and presenting its advantages and disadvantages.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 241--247
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia prawna w sprawie zasadności przyjętego przez Służbę Celną stanowiska dotyczącego nakładania zobowiązań celnych i podatkowych wobec osób dokonujących przywozu paliwa z obwodu kaliningradzkiego (okręgu królewieckiego)
Legal opinion on the legitimacy of the position held by the Customs Service concerning the imposition of customs and tax duties on individuals who bring in fuel from Kaliningrad Oblast
Autorzy:
Dzwonkowski, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12286889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
fuel
tax
Russia
Customs
Opis:
The author agrees with the interpretation of the notion “occasional import” given by the Customs Service. At the same time he claims that the attitude, according to which any import made in connection with a journey is an “occasional import”, is not legitimate. Moreover, he believes that the Customs Service has no powers that would allow it to independently adopt rigid and general criteria to classify journeys as “occasional” or “non‑occasional”. Hence, the instructions from the Customs Service cannot be a legally effective tool for defining the character of imports.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2013, 3(39); 223-229
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ozonization influence on energy and ecological characteristics of locomotive diesel engine
Autorzy:
Golubenko, A.
Nozhenko, E.
Mogila, V.
Vasiljev, I.
Ignatiev, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
diesel engine
fuel gas
Opis:
The results of preliminary experimental research of ozonized fuel influence on working characteristics of diesel engine. The decrease of fuel consumption on 1,1% and exhaust opacity lessening of exhaust gases by working on ozonized fuel on 12-17% are discovered.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2008, 3, 4; 39-46
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modifications concerning the combustion air from the pyrolysis boiler
Modyfikacje dotyczące powietrza spalania w kotłe pirolitycznym
Autorzy:
Kubena, V
Müllerova, J
Valiček, J
Harničárová, M
Hryniewicz, T
Rokosz, K
Václavik, V
Michalovič, R
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
biomass
emissions
pellet
fuel
Opis:
Kotły zużywają do 90% energii zawartej w drewnie. Istnieje szeroka gama klasycznych kotłów z ręcznym sterowaniem i bezpośrednim spalaniem drewna oraz nowoczesnych automatycznych kotłów zgazowania dostępnych na dzisiejszym rynku. Wielką zaletą tej nowoczesnej technologii jest możliwość wykorzystania do 90% energii zawartej w drewnie, co skutkuje niższym zużyciem paliwa. Ponadto technologia ta ma znacznie niższy negatywny wpływ na środowisko, zmniejsza ilość niespalonych cząstek stałych w popiele i dlatego wymaga niewielkiej konserwacji i czyszczenia. Artykuł dotyczy modyfikacji sprzętu spalania niezbędnego do obniżenia emisji z biomasy w kotle typu MA23. Modyfikacja konstrukcji polegała na zmodyfikowaniu wlotów nawiewanego powietrza wtórnego dla umożliwienia połączenia z gazem drzewnym. Wzrost intensywności mieszania gazów i powietrza z gazem drzewnym zmniejszyło stężenie składnika substancji palnej w gazach spalinowych. Badaniom poddano skład spalin i możliwości wpływania na skład gazów spalinowych i na podstawie doświadczeń zaproponowano sposób modyfikowania i kontrolowania procesu spalania. Tylko jedną z wielu propozycji wybrano do badań. Podczas spalania stanowi ona podstawowy punkt odniesienia w produkcji emisji gazów spalinowych powstających z drewna. Zmodyfikowany sposób montażu sprzętu/kotła został wykorzystany do wtórnej modyfikacji powietrza wlotowego użytego do spalania. Sprzęt został przetestowany zgodnie z normą europejską EN 303-5. Podstawowym wymogiem było ograniczenie emisji, poniżej wymaganych wartości granicznych. W artykule przedstawiono zbiór nowo uzyskanych równań opisujących mechanizm spalania w kotle oraz pokazano jak regulować i kontrolować proces, zwłaszcza regulację prędkości obrotów wentylatora.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2012, Tom 14; 182-201
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena skutków czasowego zwolnienia z podatku akcyzowego energii elektrycznej oraz obniżenia do minimalnego dopuszczalnego przez prawo UE poziomu stawek podatku akcyzowego na paliwa silnikowe, a także zwolnienia tych paliw z podatku od sprzedaży detalicznej
Impact assessment of the temporary exemption from excise duty on electricity and the reduction to the minimum level of excise duty rates on motor fuels allowed by EU law, as well as the exemption of these fuels from retail sales tax
Autorzy:
Kulicki, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2194645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
bill
excise tax
fuel
Opis:
The bill under evaluation is aimed at inhibiting the increase in fuel and energy price inflation. The measures proposed in the bill will only slightly reduce the prices of these goods. Fuel prices depend primarily on fluctuations in oil prices and the dollar exchange rate in Poland. The author negatively evaluates the definition of household contained in the bill. As a result of the proposed changes, the state budget income will decrease, while their impact on energy prices will be limited.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2022, 1(73); 260-271
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the injectors operational wear process based on optical fuel spray analysis
Ocena eksploatacyjnego zużycia wtryskiwaczy na podstawie analizy optycznej rozpylenia paliwa
Autorzy:
Pielecha, I.
Skowron, M.
Mazanek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
fuel injection
fuel spray
fuel jet cone angle
optical diagnostics
wtrysk paliwa
rozpylenie paliwa
kąt stożka strugi
badania optyczne
Opis:
The diagnostics of combustion engine components currently requires the integration of many technical and scientific fields in order to quickly and accurately locate faults or pinpoint the causes of malfunction. This article analyzes the wear of injectors based on the geometric indicators of the fuel spray. Using a number of available parameter data, a selection has been made to best judge the wear of injectors in their operating conditions. Optical fuel spray tests were used to assess the injector wear. Various geometric indicators of the fuel stream have been presented, indicating their diagnostic utility and applicability. In conclusion, it was found that the current injection systems require the combination of mechanical injector diagnostics and advanced optical fuel spray diagnostics.
Diagnostyka elementów silnika spalinowego wymaga obecnie integracji wielu dziedzin techniki i nauki w celu szybkiej i trafnej lokalizacji uszkodzenia lub poszukiwania przyczyn niesprawności. Artykuł dotyczy analizy zużycia wtryskiwaczy na podstawie wskaźników geometrycznych strugi rozpylanego paliwa. Na podstawie kilku dostępnych wielkości badawczych dokonano wyboru pozwalającego najlepiej ocenić zużycie wtryskiwaczy w warunkach ich eksploatacji. Do oceny diagnostycznej zużycia wtryskiwaczy wykorzystano badania optyczne rozpylenia paliwa. Przedstawiono różne wskaźniki geometryczne strugi paliwa, wskazując na ich użyteczność diagnostyczną oraz możliwość zastosowania. W podsumowaniu stwierdzono, że badania obecnych układów wtryskowych wymagają połączenia mechanicznych metod diagnostyki wtryskiwaczy oraz zaawansowanej diagnostyki optycznej rozpylenia paliwa.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2018, 20, 1; 83-89
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie komponentów biogennych do wytwarzania paliw pozostałościowych
The use of biogenic components for the production of residual fuels
Autorzy:
Duda, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
paliwo pozostałościowe
biowęglowodory
FAME
olej opałowy
paliwo żeglugowe
komponenty biogenne
residual fuel
biohydrocarbons
fuel oil
marine fuel
biogenic components
Opis:
W niniejszej publikacji przeprowadzono badania wpływu komponentów biogennych na jakość paliw pozostałościowych. Zastosowanie komponentów biogennych do wytwarzania paliw pozostałościowych umożliwiłoby uzyskanie paliw żeglugowych oraz ciężkiego oleju opałowego o poprawionych walorach ekologicznych, tj. o niższej zawartości siarki oraz mniejszej emisji GHG (greenhouse gas). Badania prowadzono dla jednego rodzaju bazowego paliwa ciężkiego oraz dwóch komponentów lekkich: FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) i biowęglowodorów z procesu ETG (ethanol to gasoline). Zakres destylacji komponentu z procesu ETG mieścił się w przedziale od 172°C do około 318°C. Był on produktem stabilnym, o charakterze aromatycznym, bardzo niskiej temperaturze płynięcia i śladowej zawartości siarki. Komponent FAME charakteryzował się jakością typową dla tego typu komponentu z wyjątkiem stabilności oksydacyjnej. Komponent pozostałościowy wykazywał wysoką lepkość, wysoką zawartość wanadu i siarki oraz dobrą stabilność. Badania paliw z udziałem komponentów biogennych obejmowały analizę w zakresie parametrów typowych dla paliw pozostałościowych oraz stabilności po okresie długotrwałego przechowywania, jak również badania wpływu na elastomery. Uzyskano paliwa o poprawionych właściwościach reologicznych, tj. o znacznie niższej lepkości i temperaturze płynięcia, co umożliwia zmianę warunków przechowywania, dystrybucji i eksploatacji na mniej energochłonne. Paliwa pozostałościowe z udziałem komponentów biogennych w zakresie przebadanych parametrów spełniają wymagania jakościowe dla paliw żeglugowych. Przekroczenie wymagań dla ciężkiego oleju opałowego dotyczących zawartości wanadu wynika z jakości komponentu pozostałościowego. Badane komponenty biogenne nie pogarszają stabilności paliw finalnych nawet w trakcie długotrwałego przechowywania, co jest bardzo istotne w aspekcie warunków eksploatacji tego typu produktów. Wyniki badania wpływu paliw na elastomery wskazują na konieczność wymiany uszczelnień nitrylowych na fluorowe w instalacjach zasilania paliwa.
In this article, research was carried out on the influence of biogenic components on the quality of residual fuels. The use of biogenic components for composing residual fuels, would allow obtaining marine fuels and heavy fuel oil with improved ecological values, i.e. lower sulfur content and reduced GHG emissions. The research was conducted for one type of heavy fuel base and two light components: FAME and biohydrocarbons from the ETG process. The distillation range of the component from the ETG process was from 172°C to approx. 318°C. It was a stable product of aromatic character, very low pour point and trace sulfur content. The FAME component was characterized by the quality typical for this type of component, with the exception of oxidative stability. The residual component showed high viscosity, high vanadium content, high sulfur content and good stability. The research included analysis of parameters typical for residual fuels and stability during long-term storage as well as the impact of fuels on elastomers. The obtained fuels improved rheological properties, i.e. a much lower viscosity and pour point, which makes it possible to change storage, distribution and exploitation conditions to less energyconsuming ones. Residual fuels with the use of biogenic components, in terms of the parameters tested, meet the quality requirements for marine fuels. Exceeding the requirements for heavy fuel oil in terms of vanadium content results from the quality of the residual component. The biogenic components tested do not deteriorate the stability of final fuels, even during long-term storage, which is very important in terms of the operating conditions of this type of products. Introduction of the tested biogenic components to the composition of residual fuels will involve the need to replace the seals from nitrile to fluorine in the fuel installations.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2019, 75, 5; 293-299
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diesel operation efficiency improvement based on modelling of fuel carburetion process
Povyshenie ehffektivnosti raboty dizelja na osnovanii modelirovanija processa smeseobrazovanija topliva
Autorzy:
Berestovoy, I.
Aynagoz, G.
Berestovoy, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
diesel engine
structure
fuel injection system
drop
fuel carburetion process
kinetic energy
combustion process
air-fuel mixture
engine operation
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2013, 13, 3
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the lubricity and calorific value of distillate fuels used on Polish fishing vessels
Analiza smarowności i wartości opałowej destylowanych paliw używanych na polskich statkach rybackich
Autorzy:
Rajewski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360016.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
paliwo dla statków rybackich
testowanie paliwa na statkach rybackich
paliwa smarne
wartość opałowa
fuel for fishing vessels
testing fuel on fishing vessels
fuel lubricity
fuel calorific value
Opis:
Attempting to minimize operating costs to fishers, they sometimes decide to use the cheapest marine fuels. Their low quality adversely affects the durability of fuel injection equipment. Similarly, reduction of sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbons, increase the boiling point at normal pressure and cetane number of modern fuels leads to a significant deterioration in their tribological properties. Polish fishing vessels can be achieved by using biofuels, which is a mixture of diesel and rapeseed oil. To carry out comparative studies for diesel and biofuel engines used to power fishing vessels were needed data, specifying lubricity and calorific value of fuels used by Polish fishermen. The conclusions are based on the examination of the chosen parameters for randomly selected fuel samples from Polish suppliers or taken directly on fishing vessels.
Próba minimalizacji kosztów eksploatacji dla rybaków powoduje, że często decydują się oni na używanie najtańszych paliw żeglugowych. Niska jakość tych paliw niekorzystnie wpływa na trwałość instalacji wtrysku paliwa. Podobnie, redukcja siarki i węglowodorów aromatycznych, silny wzrost temperatury wrzenia przy normalnym ciśnieniu i liczbie cetanowej nowoczesnych paliw, prowadzi do znacznego pogorszenia ich właściwości trybologicznych. Na polskich statkach rybackich można by stosować biopaliwa, które są mieszaniną oleju napędowego i oleju rzepakowego. Aby przeprowadzić porównanie oleju napędowego i biopaliw używanych w silnikach statków rybackich, potrzebne były dane określające wartości smarne i wartość opałową paliw stosowanych przez polskich rybaków. Wnioski zostały wyciągnięte na podstawie analizy parametrów losowo wybranych próbek dostarczonych przez dostawców lub pobranych bezpośrednio ze statków rybackich.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2011, 26 (98); 92-98
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A review of technologies in the area of production, storage and use of hydrogen in the automotive industry
Autorzy:
Małek, Arkadiusz
Karowiec, Marek
Jóźwik, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200878.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
hydrogen
electrolyzer
green hydrogen
hydrogen storage
hydrogen fuel cell
fuel
cell
vehicle
Opis:
Presently, we can learn and read more and more about hydrogen in both traditional and social media. The article answers why there is so much interest in hydrogen recently. It has been recognized by European and global decision-makers as a very promising medium necessary to carry out the climate and energy transformation. The advantages of hydrogen as a fuel and as a medium for storing large amounts of energy over a longer period of time is also presented. In addition, an overview of hydrogen technologies presented at the Hydrogen Technology Expo in Bremen in September 2023 is provided. The state of hydrogen technologies currently available on the market is compared to the latest achievements of scientists described in scientific articles. The aim of the article is to review the technologies available on the market for the production, storage and use of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel. Hydrogen technologies presented at the Hydrogen Expo in Bremen were confronted with the latest scientific achievements described in the latest scientific articles. Thanks to such a confrontation, it is possible to make a rational purchasing decision in the area of selected hydrogen technologies.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2023, 102, 4; 41--67
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rzeczywiste zużycie paliwa w silnikach wysokoprężnych na przykładzie wybranych samochodów osobowych
Real fuel consumption in diesel engines based on selected passenger cars
Autorzy:
Kołdys, K.
Czech, P.
Gustof, P.
Kwiatkowski, D.
Turoń, K.
Urbańczyk, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
spalanie paliw
zużycie paliwa
samochód osobowy
combust fuel
fuel consumption
passenger car
Opis:
Dynamicznie rozwijające się społeczeństwo wykazuje coraz większą potrzebę przemieszczania i to zarówno osób, jak i ładunków. W konsekwencji prowadzi to do zwiększenia zapotrzebowania na środki transportu, które będą w stanie zaspokoić wszystkie potrzeby. Pośród podmiotów mających potrzeby transportowe są mieszkańcy miast. Na całym świecie można w tej grupie zaobserwować tendencję wzrostu zapotrzebowania na własny środek transportu. Jednym z kryteriów branych pod uwagę przy wyborze własnego środka transportu jest ekonomiczność. W przypadku samochodów wykorzystywanych na co dzień przez mieszkańców miast będzie to równoznaczne z ilością spalanego paliwa. W artykule przedstawiono rzeczywiste wartości spalonego paliwa wybranych samochodów. Dane te zostały porównane z deklarowanymi przez producentów samochodów.
Dynamically developing society shows a growing need for mobility, both people and cargo. Consequently, this leads to an increase in demand for means of transport, which will be able to satisfy all needs. Among the entities having transport needs are urban residents. All over the world can be observed in this group of the upward trend in demand for their own means of transport. One of the criteria taken into account when choosing their own means of transport is the economy. In the case of vehicles used every day by the inhabitants of the cities that would be equivalent to the amount of combusted fuel. The article presents the real value of combusted fuel of selected cars. These data were compared with the declared by the car manufacturers.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 296-307, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effects of microstructural modification by mechanical milling on hydrogen desorption from magnesium hydride
Autorzy:
Varin, R. A.
Czujko, T.
Wronski, Z. S.
Calka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
automotive
hydrogen fuel for fuel cells
magnesium hydride
mechanical milling
hydrogen desorption
Opis:
Nanostructured hydrides fabricated by mechanical (ball) milling offer a promising alternative to hydrogen storage in compressed or liquid form. However, ball milling brings about both beneficial and detrimental effects to their hydrogen desorption characteristics. These effects have been studied in the ball milled magnesium hydride, MgH2. A beneficial effect is that the refinement of the hydride powder particle size and the gamma-MgH2 phase residing within the powder particles, acting additively, are responsible for a substantial reduction of hydrogen desorption temperature of MgH2 hydride. A detrimental effect is a reduction of the hydrogen storage capacity after nanostructuring of MgH2 by ball milling. Both effects are presented and discussed. In particular DSC hydrogen desorption curves at the heating rate of 4°C/min of the ABCR powder as received, milled in hydrogen for (a) 0.25 to 5h and (b) 10 and 20h and finally cycled, XRD patterns of MgH2 (Tego Magnan registered trademark) powders milled continuously for 100h, desorption curves under 0.1 MPa H2 at various temperatures of commercial MgH2 powder Tego Magnan registered trademark milled continuously for 20h are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 529-536
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic regulation of the percentage composition of the mix diesel and biodiesel fuel
Autorzy:
Horbay, O.
Poliakov, A.
Hrechaniuk, M.
Vishtak, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
fuel
biodiesel
diesel
fuel mixture
dynamic regulation
paliwo
mieszanka paliwowa
dynamiczna regulacja
Opis:
The use of internal combustion engines increase environmental pollution and dependence on fossil fuels. The biodiesel fuel, which is renewable, more environment friendly, and cheaper, is a good alternative for diesel engines. The use of biodiesel fuel leads to a drop in diesel power and an increase in fuel consumption. To prevent these shortcomings, it is proposed to use dynamic regulation of the percentage composition of a mixture of diesel and biodiesel fuel. The modernization of diesel engines for their transfer to work on a mixture of fuels with a dynamic regulation of its percentage composition is possible at service stations serving diesel engines.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2018, 13, 2; 59-67
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels: Review of Legal Regulations in Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Bigda, Rafał
Żeliński, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emission
residential sector
solid fuel boiler
solid fuel
space heater
legal regulation
Opis:
The article presents the legal framework of periodic control systems of individual heating devices in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The scope of periodic inspections carried out in considered countries, the persons responsible for performing them, the method of data acquisition and administrative bodies responsible for supervising the fulfillment of the obligation, as well as the sanctions for law violations related to small heat sources operation in the residential sector were discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 54-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels: Review of Legal Regulations in Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Bigda, Rafał
Żeliński, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emission
residential sector
solid fuel boilers
solid fuel
space heater
legal regulations
Opis:
The article presents the legal framework of periodic control systems of individual heating devices in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The scope of periodic inspections carried out in considered countries, the persons responsible for performing them, the method of data acquisition and administrative bodies responsible for supervising the fulfillment of the obligation, as well as the sanctions for law violations related to small heat sources operation in the residential sector were discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 54-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wizualizacja wtrysku benzyny zawierającej dodatek biopaliwa
The injection visualization of petrol containing biofuels added
Autorzy:
Szlachetka, M.
Barański, G.
Stępniewski, A.
Biały, M.
Majczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311472.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
biopaliwa
paliwo E85
wtrysk paliwa
biofuels
E85 fuel
fuel injection
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono badania wizualizacyjne wtrysku benzyny oraz biopaliwa E85 zawierającego 70% etanolu i 30% benzyny do przeźroczystego przewodu dolotowego silnika spalinowego. Do badań użyto silnika C20LE Holden zasilanego układem sekwencyjnego wtrysku paliwa do kolektora dolotowego oraz kamerę do rejestracji procesów szybkozmiennych. Omówiono metodykę wyznaczania procentowego pokrycia paliwa w przewodzie dolotowym oraz analizę otrzymanych wyników. Zamieszczono wybrane wyniki z badań dla jednego punktu pracy silnika (prędkość obrotowa 1500 obr/min, obciążenie 65 kPa) przy zasilaniu benzyną oraz bioetanolem E85.
The article presents a study of injection visualization of gasoline and biofuel E85 contains 70% ethanol and 30% gasoline to transparent intake pipe of internal combustion engine. Holden C20LE engine powered by sequential fuel injection system to the intake manifold and a camera to record fastchanging processes were used to test. Methodology of determining the percentage coverage of the fuel in intake pipe and an analysis of the obtained results were discussed. Selected results from studies for one engine operating point (speed 1500 rpm / min, load 65 kPa) on petrol and bioethanol E85 were presented.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2011, 12, 10; 412-419
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odnawialne źródła energii jako alternatywa paliw konwencjonalnych w pojazdach samochodowych i ciągnikach
Renewable energy sources as an alternative for conventional fuels in motor vehicles and tractors
Autorzy:
Piekarski, W.
Zając, G.
Szyszlak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/286446.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
pojazd
paliwo odnawialne
paliwo silnikowe
biopaliwo
vehicle
renewable fuel
engine fuel
biofuel
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia problematykę dotyczącą wykorzystania jako paliw alternatywnych alkoholu metylowego, etylowego i estrów kwasów tłuszczowych olejów roślinnych. Przedstawiono możliwości zastosowania tych związków jako paliw silnikowych, zarówno w postaci czystej jak (biopaliwa) i biokomponentu. Wskazano korzyści i trudności towarzyszące temu zagadnieniu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów ochrony środowiska.
The article presents problems concerning the use of methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and plant oils fatty acids esters as alternative fuels. The possibilities of an application of these compounds as engine fuels, both in their pure form (as bio-fuel) and as a bio-component were presented. Both advantages and difficulties connected with this issue were pointed out, with special consideration for environmental problems.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2006, R. 10, nr 4(79), 4(79); 91-96
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neutronic analysis for core conversion (HEU–LEU) of the low power research reactor using the MCNP4C code
Autorzy:
Aldawahra, S.
Khattab, K.
Gorge, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
MNSR reactor
HEU fuel
LEU fuel
MCNP4C code
safety parameters
Opis:
Comparative studies for conversion of the fuel from HEU to LEU in the miniature neutron source reactor (MNSR) have been performed using the MCNP4C code. The HEU fuel (UAl4-Al, 90% enriched with Al clad) and LEU (UO2 12.6% enriched with zircaloy-4 alloy clad) cores have been analyzed in this study. The existing HEU core of MNSR was analyzed to validate the neutronic model of reactor, while the LEU core was studied to prove the possibility of fuel conversion of the existing HEU core. The proposed LEU core contained the same number of fuel pins as the HEU core. All other structure materials and dimensions of HEU and LEU cores were the same except the increase in the radius of control rod material from 0.195 to 0.205 cm and keeping the outer diameter of the control rod unchanged in the LEU core. The effective multiplication factor (κ eff), excess reactivity (ρ ex), control rod worth (CRW), shutdown margin (SDM), safety reactivity factor (SRF), delayed neutron fraction (β eff) and the neutron fl uxes in the irradiation tubes for the existing and the potential LEU fuel were investigated. The results showed that the safety parameters and the neutron fl uxes in the irradiation tubes of the LEU fuels were in good agreements with the HEU results. Therefore, the LEU fuel was validated to be a suitable choice for fuel conversion of the MNSR in the future.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 367-371
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental research on diesel engine working on a mixture of diesel fuel and fusel oils
Autorzy:
Kryshtopa, S.
Kryshtopa, L.
Melnyk, V.
Dolishnii, B.
Prunko, I.
Demianchuk, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375550.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
alternative fuel
diesel fuel
fusel oil
paliwo alternatywne
olej napędowy
olej fuzlowy
Opis:
This article considers the possibility of spirit fusel oil being used as an addition to agile fuels. Results of experimental research on diesel engines working on mixtures of diesel fuel and fusel oils are given. The fuel economy and ecological indexes of engines working on mixtures of diesel fuel and fusel oils were improved.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2017, 12, 2; 53-63
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Artificial Neural Networks for predicting ship fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Nguyen, Van Giao
Sakthivel, Rajamohan
Rudzik, Krzysztof
Kozak, Janusz
Sharma, Prabhakar
Pham, Nguyen Dang Khoa
Nguyen, Phuoc Quy Phong
Nguyen, Xuan Phuong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32918813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
artificial neural network
fuel management
marine engine
ship fuel consumption
energy efficiencys
Opis:
In marine vessel operations, fuel costs are major operating costs which affect the overall profitability of the maritime transport industry. The effective enhancement of using ship fuel will increase ship operation efficiency. Since ship fuel consumption depends on different factors, such as weather, cruising condition, cargo load, and engine condition, it is difficult to assess the fuel consumption pattern for various types of ships. Most traditional statistical methods do not consider these factors when predicting marine vessel fuel consumption. With technological development, different statistical models have been developed for estimating fuel consumption patterns based on ship data. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are some of the most effective artificial methods for modelling and validating marine vessel fuel consumption. The application of ANN in maritime transport improves the accuracy of the regression models developed for analysing interactive relationships between various factors. The present review sheds light on consolidating the works carried out in predicting ship fuel consumption using ANN, with an emphasis on topics such as ANN structure, application and prediction algorithms. Future research directions are also proposed and the present review can be a benchmark for mathematical modelling of ship fuel consumption using ANN.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 2; 39-60
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Work Indicators Test for Prototype John Deere 6830 Agricultural Tractor Fueled with Pure Vegetable Oil
Badania wskaźników pracy prototypowego silnika ciągnika rolniczego John Deer 6830 zasilanego nieprzetworzonym olejem roślinnym
Autorzy:
Pasyniuk, P.
Golimowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
olej napędowy
czysty olej roślinny
moc ciągnika
zużycie paliwa
diesel fuel
pure plant oil fuel
tractor engine power
fuel consumption
Opis:
The paper summarizes results of tests of John Deere agricultural tractor type 6830 fueled with pure raps oil. The measurements were performed using an electro-magnetic brake connected to the tractor with a power transfer shaft (WOM). Specification of the engine fueled with pure raps oil was drawn up during the tests and it was compared with the engine fueled with diesel. The main conclusions include identification of a power drop of the engine fueled with the raps oil by an average of 10% in comparison with the same engine fueled with diesel and increase of fuel consumption per kWh by 15%. The identified drop of power had no impact of work efficiency including power consuming agricultural works.
W artykule podsumowano wynik badań ciągnika rolniczego marki John Deer typu 6830 zasilanego czystym olejem rzepakowym. Pomiar prowadzono z wykorzystaniem hamulca elektromagnetycznego podłączonego do ciągnika przez wałek odbioru mocy (WOM). W trakcie badań sporządzono zewnętrzną charakterystykę silnika zasilanego czystym olejem roślinnym i w celu porównania - olejem napędowym. Zauważono spadek mocy silnika zasilanego olejem roślinnym średnio o 10% w stosunku do tego samego silnika zasilanego olejem napędowym oraz zwiększone o 15% jednostkowe zużycie paliwa w przeliczeniu na kWh. Zarejestrowany spadek mocy nie miał wpływu na efektywność wykonywanej pracy także podczas wykonywania energochłonnych prac polowych.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2011, 14(1); 109-117
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuel continuous mixer - an approach solution to use straight vegetable oil for marine diesel engines
Autorzy:
Van Uy, D.
The Nam, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
fuel continuous mixer
straight vegetable oil
marine desel engine
ship operation
green fuel
mixed fuel
Vietnam Maritime University
diesel engine
Opis:
The vegetable oil is well known as green fuel for diesel engines due to its low sunphur content and renewable stock. However, there are some problems raising when vegetable oil is used as fuel for diesel engines such as highly effected by cold weather, lower general efficiency, separation in layer if mixed with diesel oil and so on. To overcome that disadvantiges, the authors propose a new idea that to use a continuous fuel mixer to blend vegetable oil with diesel oil to make so called a mixed fuel supplying to diesel engines inline. In order to ensure a quality of the mixed fuel created by continuous mixer, a homogeneous testing was introduced with believable results. Then, the continuous mixer has been installed into fuel supply system of diesel engine 6LU32 at a lab of Vietnam Maritime University in terms of checking a real operation of the fuel continuous mixer with diesel engine.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 1; 151-157
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Miks paliwowy elementem strategii przedsiębiorstwa energetycznego
Fuel mix as an energy company strategy element
Autorzy:
Nowakowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
paliwa
miks paliwowy
przedsiębiorstwo energetyczne
otoczenie
fuel
fuel mix
energy company
market environment
Opis:
Paliwa posiadają kluczowe znaczenie w procesie produkcji energii. Biorąc pod uwagę fakt, że okres życia aktywów energetycznych jest relatywnie długi i wynosi często ponad 30 lat, decyzja o wyborze konkretnej technologii produkcji oraz paliwa, które będzie wykorzystywane w danym źródle ma wielowymiarowe konsekwencje dla przedsiębiorstwa. Jednym z kluczowych skutków, jakie wywołuje zastosowanie danego miksu paliwowego, jest poziom rentowności prowadzonej działalności oraz przyszła wartość przedsiębiorstwa. Można zatem stwierdzić, że decyzja o wyborze miksu paliwowego jest decyzją o wymiarze strategicznym. Przedmiotem niniejszej publikacji jest próba analizy pojęcia miksu paliwowego w kontekście strategii przedsiębiorstwa energetycznego. W artykule określone zostały kluczowe czynniki mające wpływ na kształtowanie się miksu paliwowego w przedsiębiorstwie. Następnie zaś zaproponowano metody i narzędzia, których zastosowanie pozwala na podjęcie decyzji o wyborze optymalnego miksu paliwowego. Na potwierdzenie tezy o strategicznym wymiarze miksu paliwowego dla przedsiębiorstwa energetycznego zaprezentowano studium przypadku bazujące na strategii grupy energetycznej Tauron Polska Energia SA. W artykule rekomenduje się podejście, które cechuje się systematyczną analizą kluczowych czynników otoczenia bliższego i dalszego przedsiębiorstwa, a także dobór takich metod analizy otoczenia, które zapewnią identyfikację możliwie najszerszego spektrum ryzyk oraz pozwolą skwantyfikować wpływ podjęcia decyzji o wyborze konkretnego miksu paliwowego na przyszłą wartość przedsiębiorstwa.
Fuels are essential for the energy production business. The lifetime of energy generations assets is relatively long − often more than 30 years. Therefore, taking decisions on the selection of particular fuel mix has important consequences for the company. One of the key effects that evoke the use of the fuel mix is the future level of profitability and the future value of the company. It can be concluded that the decision on the selection of the fuel mix, is of a strategic nature. The object of this publication is an attempt to analyze the concept of the fuel mix in the context of the energy company strategy. Key factors influencing the evolution of the fuel mix in the enterprise were defined in the article. Then number methods and tools to select the optimum fuel mix were proposed. The Tauron case study was presented to confirm the thesis of the strategic dimension of the fuel mix for the power generation company. A systematic analysis of the key factors in the company environment was recommended as preferred. The selection of such methods shall ensure the identification of the widest possible scope of risks and quantify the impact of the decision on the specific fuel mix selection for the future value of the company
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2015, 18, 4; 61-74
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybrane zagadnienia związane z cechami metrologicznymi systemu kontroli zużycia paliwa
Selected problems connected with metrological features of the system of the control of te fuel consumptation
Autorzy:
Czerwiński, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/250491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
kontrola zyżycia paliwa
paliwo
transport kolejowy
transport samochodowy
fuel
fuel consumption
railway transport
Opis:
Rozwój techniki i wzrost cen paliwa spowodowały rozpowszechnienie montowanych w pojazdach urządzeń i systemów do kontroli zużycia paliwa. W kraju jest wiele firm produkujących takie urządzenia - wielu przewoźników, zajmujących się transportem samochodowym i kolejowym, ma je zainstalowane w swoich pojazdach.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2008, 3; 32-35
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electrooxidation of diesel fuel in alkaline electrolyte
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, P. P.
Włodarczyk, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
fuel cell
diesel fuel
electrooxidation
additional electricity source
renewable energy sources
environment engineering
Opis:
In recent decades the demand of energy has increased significantly. Providing more and more energy is an essential task of today’s energetic industry. In the last few years, addition to traditional methods of energy production, alternative energy sources have been developing fast. One of these sources is fuel cell, mainly due to their high efficiency. Generally fuel cells are powered by hydrogen. However, problems with the storage of hydrogen are the reason for the search of new fuels for fuel cells. Moreover, fuel cells can provide an additional/emergency electricity source in energy systems using combustion engines. So, it is important using the main fuel for powering the fuel cell. One of the fuels used for powering the fuel cells could be diesel fuel. Diesel engines drive cars, trucks, boats, tanks and also agricultural machinery e.g. tractors or harvesters. So, there are a lot the possibilities of using this solution. The paper presents results of measurements of electrooxidation of diesel fuel emulsion prepared on the basis of a nonionic surfactant on a smooth platinum electrode in an aqueous solution of KOH. The resulting current density reached the level of 25 mA/cm2 . So, the possibility of using diesel as the fuel for emergency of the fuel cells has been proved.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/1; 1071-1080
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tendencje w rozwoju układów wtrysku paliwa stosowanych w silnikach samochodów ciężarowych
Trends in the development of fuel injection systems used in truck engines
Autorzy:
Durczak, T.
Sander, P.
Lotko, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
układ zasilania
pojazd ciężarowy
samochód ciężarowy
wtrysk paliwa
fuel system
truck
fuel injection
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono analizę układów zasilania, stosowanych w pojazdach użytkowych. Usystematyzowano wiedzę na temat rozwiązań technicznych stosowanych w tych układach, jakie pojawiały się wraz ze wzrostem wymagań, jakie stawiane były przez normy ekologiczne oraz użytkowników tych pojazdów.
The article presents an analysis of the fuel systems for vehicles. It systematizes the knowledge of the technologies used which appeared with increasing demands placed by ecological standards and the users of those vehicles.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 12; 833-836, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proposal of ecological propulsion for seagoing ships
Autorzy:
Górski, Z.
Ćwilewicz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
natural gas in marine propulsion
dual fuel marine engines
dual fuel marine boilers
Opis:
Exhaust gases from engines of seagoing ships are the serious problem for environment. That is why the discussion in the matter is very important. One of means to minimise harmful substances emission to earth atmosphere is application of „ecological fuel" — natural gas or nuclear energy for ship propulsion. Natural gas is commonly used in onshore applications but is rarely applied in marine propulsion. Heavy Fuel Oil is the basic brand of fuel used onboard ofseagoing ships. Other kinds of fuel e.g. Diesel Oil or gas Oil are used on smaller ships with limited sailing range. The nuclear energy, due to high costs is used only on few types of warships and some icebreakers. A real means for minimising harmful substances in exhaust gases from ships engines is replacement of Heavy Fuel Oil by Natural gas. Nowadays, heavy oil is commonly used due to technical and logistic abilities and conservative attitude of ship owners. The necessity of improvement in the field of environment protection inclines towards wide application of Natural gas as marine fuel. Application power-plant novel type would break the traditionalism in the shipbuilding and the introduction novel generation ofshipping drives.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 121-128
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on possible supplying ship diesel engines with alternative fuels
Autorzy:
Witkowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242027.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
tests
combustion
alternative fuel
fuel oils
rape oil methyl esters
exhaust gas content
Opis:
The paper presents introduction to the research on possible supplying ship diesel engines with mixtures of diesel oils and vegetable oils or their esters with accounting for ecological aspects - exhaust gas purity. Characteristics of vegetable oils and their esters are compared with those diesel oils. Consequences of their application to diesel engines, mainly for their working process and exhaust gas content, are indicated. Also, influence of combusting mixtures of diesel oil and vegetable oils or their esters, are discussed in the same context. The paper presents results of experimental tests which were carried out on a ship diesel engine supplied with marine diesel oil(MDO) and the oil and rape oil methyl esters mixed (MDO/RME) in different proportions (i.e. 5% RME in MDO, 10% RME in MDO and 20% RME in MDO). The results obtained from the tests when supplying the engine with the MDO alone was assumed the reference point for determination of influence of combustion of the MDO/RME mixtures on the engine's working parameters and its exhaust gas content. It was paid to influence of combustion of the mixtures of diesel oil and rape oil methyl esters on working parameters of the engine, including noxious components capacity.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 493-498
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A proposal for marine fuel oil system arranged to burn heavy fuel oil and low sulphur distillate grade
Autorzy:
Krzyżanowski, J.
Nowak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243358.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
automatic fuel change-over
chiller
Diesel Switch
Emission Control Areas
low-sulphur fuel
Opis:
The following paper introduces a retrofit proposal for marine fuel oil system arranged to burn heavy fuel oil and low-sulphur distillate grade. In the face of tighter requirements regarding sulphur content in fuel, which are obligatory both inside Emission Control Areas and among international waters, it is necessary to provide safe and efficient ship operation. Conventional methods for fuel change-over between heavy fuel oil and distillate grade are saddled with necessity of constant process control and compulsory engine load reduction during the realization of procedure. It ensures that maximum fuel temperature gradient amounts 2 °C/min, which protects injection system against thermal shock. The solution proposed by MAN Diesel & Turbo in cooperation with LEMAG Lehman & Michels turns mentioned procedure into unusual until now level thanks to guaranteed safety, control, smoothness and degree of automation. So-called Diesel Switch constitutes automatic fuel change-over system, which implements the process free from engine load factor. A built-in programmable logic controller and specially designed nonproportional valve enable to achieve smooth and linear characteristic of change. Furthermore, device controls other fuel oil system elements and also registers procedure run. The second element in retrofitted system concerns the way of distillate fuel cooling. Sulphur in the chemical bonds with other fuel components reveals lubricating properties. Reduction of its amount simultaneously with usage of low-viscosity distillate fuel creates a risk of damage to plunger and barrel assemblies. A guarantee of proper hydrodynamic lubrication film in injection system involves maintaining a minimal fuel viscosity of 2 cSt at engine inlet. Commonly used central cooling system on ships has a significant limitation. Water from low temperature cooling circuit, which provides a coolant cannot decrease fuel temperature below 40 °C. Applied solution proposed by Novenco is concerned with chilled water system assembly, which can cool down fuel even below 0 °C through vapour compression or an absorption cycle. As a result, low-sulphur fuel viscosity can be increased at any load independently of seawater temperature.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 161-168
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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