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Wyszukujesz frazę "L2 Polish" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
The use of the selected lexical and function words to, there, before by L2 Polish users at different proficiency levels
Autorzy:
Świątek, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/463470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej
Tematy:
lexical words
function words
comprehension,
use
L2 Polish users
Opis:
The objective of this article will be both the theoretical and the practical analysis of the use of the selected English lexical and function words (to, there, before) by Polish users of English representing different proficiency levels. The practical part, in particular, will concern the use of the afore-mentioned, selected words comprising both categories based on the available corpus of L2 users (PELCRA – PLEC). The first acronym refers to Polish and English Language and Corpora for Research and Applications (PELCRA), which is the result of scientific work of the scholars from the University of Łódź. The other one (PLEC), stands for PELCRA English Learner Corpus (see the Bibliography section below). It is commonly known that learners/ students may demonstrate their awareness and professional knowledge with reference to the basic use and comprehension of words in their primary meaning, namely lexical words. The problems arise when they need to confront their current knowledge and awareness while discovering that some words are ambiguous or polysemous. Hence the idea of such research, the intention of which is to validate the students’ performance when faced with words, which are only seemingly simple and predictable.
Źródło:
Lingwistyka Stosowana / Applied Linguistics / Angewandte Linguistik; 2017, 21; 167-173
2080-4814
Pojawia się w:
Lingwistyka Stosowana / Applied Linguistics / Angewandte Linguistik
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bliskość pomiędzy językami słowiańskimi a integracja uchodźców z Ukrainy w Polsce
The Proximity Between Slavic Languages and the Integration of Ukrainian Refugees in Poland
Autorzy:
Saturno, Jacopo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35161840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
L2 Polish
East-Slavic languages
cross-linguistic interference
intercomprehension
error analysis
comparative grammar
Opis:
The paper is devoted to the specificities of the acquisition of L2 Polish by speakers of a closely related language (East Slavic one), with specific regard to the language-teaching consequences of said proximity. After an introduction to the current historical and sociolinguistic context of the East Slavic immigration to Poland, the data presents the concept of “intercomprehension”. Its impact on the acquisition of L2 Polish is illustrated by the use of empirical data collected by the author’s research team. The article is concluded by means of a reflection on the value of multilingualism in the school system and the skills required of Polish teachers in the present historical contingencies. It is argued in particular that due to the great number of Ukrainian pupils enrolled in the Polish schools, it is advisable for Polish school teachers to have at least some knowledge of the native languages of these pupils, with the primary goal of improving communication in stressful situations and adequately interpret and correct their errors in L2 Polish.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza; 2023, 30, 1; 153-176
1233-8672
2450-4939
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preposizioni "a", "in", "per", "tra". L’italiano L2 di parlanti polacchi
The Prepositions "a", "in", "per", and "tra": Italian L2 of Polish Speakers
Autorzy:
Mosca, Monica
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/446447.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-11-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
second-language acquisition
Italian L2
Polish motion event
Italian prepositions
Polish prepositions
acquisizione della lingua seconda
italiano L2 di apprendenti polacchi
"motion event" in polacco
preposizioni italiane
preposizioni polacche
Opis:
This article deals with the learning of some spatial prepositions in Italian L2 by Polish learners. Italian and Polish differ in at least two ways, as Polish expresses syntactic relations by a full case system, while Italian relies only on prepositions. More importantly, according to Talmy’s classification, Polish is a satellite-framed language while Italian is verb-framed, but later studies have shown that these categories are not perfectly binary but fuzzy. In the learning of prepositions, three elements are in play: a natural progression from simpler to more complex prepositions; the conceptualisation of the event in which the prepositions are used to express spatial relations; and the semantic categorisation of the participants into the event, in particular the basic one, Ground. By means of different elicitation techniques (questionnaires, frog story, and written tasks), many oral and written texts have been collected from Polish learners of Italian of different levels of competence. It has been revealed that the influence of the motion-event typology affects the learning of the motion expressions in an irrelevant proportion; this is probably due to the fact that Polish, like other Slavic languages, appears to be less satellite-framed than Germanic languages, being characterised by the weak autonomy of the verbal prefixes. The inappropriate uses of prepositions confirm the natural progression of complexity, and the semantic categorisation of the Ground also exerts an influence. In any case, the interplay of these different forces gives rise to different personal idiosyncrasies.
L’articolo verte sull’apprendimento di alcune preposizioni spaziali in italiano L2 di apprendenti polacchi con diversa competenza della lingua obiettivo. Il quadro teorico adottato è quello della linguistica cognitiva e del “(re-)thinking for speaking”. Secondo alcune ricerche, la distanza tipologica tra L1 e L2 condiziona il processo di apprendimento sia a livello grammaticale sia a livello cognitivo, in quanto implica la proiezione di un sistema concettuale su un altro. Quest’aspetto produce interferenza linguistica tra la lingua sorgente e la lingua obiettivo. Italiano e polacco differiscono in almeno secondo due parametri; il polacco esprime le relazioni sintattiche con un esteso sistema di casi, mentre l’italiano dispone solo delle preposizioni. Inoltre, secondo la classificazione di Talmy, il polacco è una lingua satellite-framed mentre l’italiano è verb-framed. Studi successivi hanno, però, dimostrato che queste categorie non sono mutamente esclusive ed i confini tendono ad essere sfumati. Nell’apprendimento delle preposizioni entrano in gioco tre elementi, una progressione naturale da quelle più semplici a quelle più complesse, la concettualizzazione dell’evento in cui le preposizioni sono impiegate e la categorizzazione semantica dei partecipanti all’evento. I campioni, scritti e orali, sono stati raccolti con varie tecniche di elicitazione. L’influenza che la tipologia del “motion event” esercita sul processo di apprendimento si rivela scarsa, probabilmente perché il polacco, come altre lingue slave, appaiono meno satellite-framed delle lingue germaniche, dal momento che il preverbo è dotato di meno autonomia. L’uso di preposizioni non appropriate conferma la progressione naturale della complessità.
Źródło:
Italica Wratislaviensia; 2018, 9.2; 195-218
2084-4514
Pojawia się w:
Italica Wratislaviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contrastività e didattica dell’italiano L2 – ambito di un pubblico polacco
Sla and ac in teaching italian language as L2 to polish learners
Autorzy:
Szpingier, Beata Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Opis:
This article directs attention to some particular features of language acquisition and contrastive analysis in teaching L2. Presented comments refer to Polish learners of Italian language. Contrastive grammar mentioned in the article refers to the method widely used in glottodidactics which identifies the similarities and differences between two language systems. This leads to the improvement of the learning process and as a result – language competition.
Źródło:
Italica Wratislaviensia; 2011, 2; 65-79
2084-4514
Pojawia się w:
Italica Wratislaviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Code-Switching Practices among Immigrant Polish L2 Users of English
Autorzy:
Ożańska-Ponikwia, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
code-switching
bilingualism
immersion
L2 use
Opis:
The present paper aims to present a qualitative study on code-switching practices among L2 users immersed in the L2 culture. Code-switching practices were measured among 62 Polish L2 users of English who had immigrated to the UK and Ireland and reported using English on everyday basis. The informants of the study were to answer an open question concerning situations in which they switch from their L2 to L1 most frequently. The analysis of the results reviled that the participants reported code switching mostly in emotionally charged situations as well as when discussing personal topics with known interlocutors.  The results of the study are in line with some quantitative studies (Dewaele, 2010) as well as some autobiographical findings (Grosjean, 2010, Pavlenko, 2004, Wierzbicka, 2004) and shed some more light on a complex notion of bilingualism and code-switching.
Źródło:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition; 2016, 2, 1
2450-5455
2451-2125
Pojawia się w:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ODNIESIENIA DO JĘZYKA OJCZYSTEGO JAKO STRATEGIA UCZENIA SIĘ GRAMATYKI JĘZYKA OBCEGO: PERSPEKTYWA POLSKICH UCZNIÓW JĘZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO
Reliance on the L1 as a strategy of learning L2 grammar: Polish EFL learners’ perspective
Autorzy:
Wach, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Collegium Novum. Polskie Towarzystwo Neofilologiczne
Tematy:
language learning strategies
grammar learning strategies
L1 Polish
L2 English
interview
strategie uczenia się języka
strategie uczenia się gramatyki
polski jako język ojczysty
angielski jako język obcy
wywiad
Opis:
This article reports the findings of a qualitative study aimed at investi-gating the use of L1-based grammar learning strategies by beginner-level Polish learners of L2 English. The research looked into the partic-ipants’ accounts of their strategy use and into their perceptions about the usefulness of referring to one’s L1 in learning L2 grammar. Semi-structured interviews were conducted as a data elicitation procedure. The findings pointed to considerable reliance on L1-based strategies, such as translation, in the participants’ learning of L2 English grammar, as well as positive opinions about their usefulness. L1-based strategies were reported to be used in explicit, analytic learning of L2 grammar, and their affective role in providing confidence to learners was also mentioned. Pedagogical implications include a need to raise learners’ awareness of the complex roles of the L1 in L2 learning and give them training in the use of specific strategies in order to make L1-based strategy use more informed.
Źródło:
Neofilolog; 2017, 48/1; 73-88
1429-2173
Pojawia się w:
Neofilolog
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring English<i>Sandhi</i>Linking – A Study of Polish Listeners’ L2 Perception
Autorzy:
Schwartz, Geoffrey
Rojczyk, Arkadiusz
Balas, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
This paper presents a set of word monitoring experiments with Polish learners of English. Listeners heard short recordings of native English speech, and were instructed to respond when they recognized an English target word that had been presented on a computer screen. Owing to phonological considerations, we compared reaction times to two types of vowel-initial words, which had been produced either with glottalization, or had been joined via sandhi linking processes to the preceding word. Results showed that the effects of the glottalization as a boundary cue were less robust than expected. Implications of these findings for models of L2 speech are discussed. It is suggested that the prevalence of glottalization in L1 production makes listeners less sensitive to its effects as a boundary cue in L2.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2015, 13, 1; 61-76
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Another Look at the L2 Motivational Self System of Polish Students Majoring in English: Insights from Interview Data
Autorzy:
Pawlak, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783125.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
motivation
theory of L2 Motivational Self System
ideal L2 self
ought-to self
English majors
Opis:
One of the most recent theoretical developments when it comes to the role of motivation in second language learning is the theory of the L2 motivational self system (e.g., Dörnyei, 2005). It has been proposed in recognition of the fact that learning a foreign language does not only involve acquiring a new communicative code, but also affects the personality of an individual, the difficulties involved in applying Gardner’s (1985) concept of integrativeness to foreign language contexts, as well as the mounting empirical evidence (e.g., Dörnyei & Csizér, 2002), demonstrating that key components of motivation, such as integrativeness, instrumentality, attitudes towards L2 speakers or manifestations of motivated learning behavior are intricately interrelated. As a result, the notion of integrativeness has been reinterpreted as the L2-specific aspect of an individual’s ideal self and the motivational system is believed to comprise the following three dimensions: (a) ideal L2 self, which is related to the abilities and skills that learners envisage themselves possessing, which may trigger a desire to reduce the distance between their actual and ideal selves, (b) ought-to L2 self, which is connected with the attributes that the learners believe are important in the eyes of significant others, and (c) L2 learning experiences, which is a context-related factor reflecting the nature of the immediate learning environment and learning experiences. This framework was applied in a qualitative study, the participants of which were 28 English majors in the last year of a three-year BA program who were interviewed about their motives for learning the target language. The analysis revealed that although motivational influences which have traditionally been regarded as important do play a role, there are a number of factors, such as family influence, instrumentality, knowledge orientation or international posture, that are also of vital importance.
Źródło:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition; 2016, 2, 2
2450-5455
2451-2125
Pojawia się w:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Colorado Literacy Tutor jako pomoc w nauce i doskonaleniu czytania w języku angielskim dla polskich dzieci
Colorado Literacy Tutor as a support in learning and improving reading in L2 (English) for Polish children
Autorzy:
Juszczyk, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Opis:
The article below is a short presentation of Colorado Literacy Tutor (CLT ) to Polish readers. CLT is a computer program built to help children in developing literacy skills in English. The main advantage of CLT is the deployment of animated highly interactive interface that enhances both human-computer interaction and the student’s learning performance. Designed to help American children, CLT is capable to serve as a learning tool for all children who need to practice reading in English. Since teaching English to Polish children is common in almost all elementary schools and some kindergartens, CLT provides an ideal test bed for research on how Polish children acquire reading abilities in English. The main components of CLT are presented and their impact on reading acquisition is explained. A short preliminary report on author’s pilot study is also given.
Źródło:
Investigationes Linguisticae; 2005, 12; 44-61
1426-188X
1733-1757
Pojawia się w:
Investigationes Linguisticae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Relationship Between English and Polish Rhythm Measures in Polish Learners of English
Autorzy:
Gralińska-Brawata, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
L1 and L2 speech rhythm
rhythm measures
vowel reduction
Opis:
This paper investigates native and non-native speech rhythm in the speech of Polish learners of English at an intermediate/upper-intermediate level. More specifically, it attempts to explore the relationship between rhythm measures scores in L1 Polish and L2 English within individual speakers. Phonological vowel reduction in terms of duration is present in English and crucial for the perception and acoustic measurements of linguistic rhythm. Polish, on the other hand, has no phonological reduction of that kind. The acquisition of L2 vowel reduction is highly determined by the level of language proficiency and influences non-native rhythmic patterns. The study tests six speech rhythm measures: %V, ΔV, ΔC, VarcoV, VarcoC and nPVI-V in two tempos: normal and fast. The results show that most of these measures are positively and significantly correlated with each other between L1 Polish and L2 English across the subjects and for two tempos, although to a different degree. Highly significantly correlation has been noted for %V and ΔC in fast tempo. Moderate significant correlations between the two languages are observed for ΔV, ΔC (normal tempo), VarcoV and nPVI in fast tempo.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2015, 13, 2; 124-139
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish as L1, English as L2: the linguistic transfer impact on Second Language Acquisition stemming from the interlingual differences: implications for young learners education
Autorzy:
Łockiewicz, Marta
Jaskulska, Martyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1387968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-03-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
English as a foreign language
Polish as L1
linguistic transfer
language transparency
SLA
Opis:
Research has shown that learners of different linguistic backgrounds make similar errors, which is due to linguistic transfer. Cross-linguistic similarities between L1 and L2 can result in: positive transfer, negative transfer, and differing lengths of acquisition. The bigger the difference between the languages, the bigger Second Language Acquisition difficulties and more numerous potential negative transfer areas. This effect is visible in the case of Polish as L1 and English as L2. English and Polish differ in terms of pronunciation (e.g. vowel-based vs. consonant-based), spelling (e.g. opaque vs. semi-transparent), grammar (e.g. fixed vs. flexible word order), syntax (e.g. analytic vs. synthetic), and vocabulary. Therefore, second language instruction should include the errors caused by linguistic transfer, which would facilitate the selection and development of effective instruction methods and techniques.68-76
Źródło:
Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji; 2017, 37, 2; 68-76
1734-1582
2451-2230
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectral Dynamics in L1 and L2 Vowel Perception
Autorzy:
Schwartz, Geoffrey
Aperliński, Grzegorz
Jekiel, Mateusz
Malarski, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-03-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Vowel perception
dynamic specification
Polish
L2 English
Opis:
This paper presents a study of L1 and L2 vowel perception by Polish learners of English. Employing the Silent Center paradigm (e.g. Strange et al. 1983), by which listeners are presented with different portions of a vowel, a force choice identification task was carried out. Due to differences in the vowel systems of the two languages, it was hypothesized that stimulus type should have minimal effects for L1 Polish vowel perception since Polish vowels are relatively stable in quality. In L2 English, depending on proficiency level, listeners were expected to adopt a more dynamic approach to vowel identification and show higher accuracy rates on the SC tokens. That is, listeners were expected to attend more to dynamic formant cues, or vowel inherent spectral change (VISC; see e.g. Morrison and Assmann 2013) in vowel perception. Results for identification accuracy for the most part were consistent with these hypotheses. Implications of VISC for the notion of cross-language phonetic similarity, crucial to models of L2 speech acquisition, are also discussed.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2016, 14, 1; 61-77
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phonological Factors Affecting L1 Phonetic Realization of Proficient Polish Users of English
Autorzy:
Schwartz, Geoffrey
Balas, Anna
Rojczyk, Arkadiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620853.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Phonetic parameters
L2 phonetics
VOT
glottalization
sandhi
Opis:
Acoustic phonetic studies examine the L1 of Polish speakers with professional level proficiency in English. The studies include two tasks, a production task carried out entirely in Polish and a phonetic code-switching task in which speakers insert target Polish words or phrases into an English carrier. Additionally, two phonetic parameters are studied: the oft-investigated VOT, as well as glottalization vs. sandhi linking of word-initial vowels. In monolingual Polish mode, L2 interference was observed for the VOT parameter, but not for sandhi linking. It is suggested that this discrepancy may be related to the differing phonological status of the two phonetic parameters. In the code-switching tasks, VOTs were on the whole more English-like than in monolingual mode, but this appeared to be a matter of individual performance. An increase in the rate of sandhi linking in the code-switches, except for the case of one speaker, appeared to be a function of accelerated production of L1 target items.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2015, 13, 2; 181-198
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka fonetyczna kontrastu homoorganicznych spółgłosek zwartych w językach: polskim i koreańskim
A phonetic description of Polish and Korean homo-organic stop contrasts
Autorzy:
Szalkowska-Kim, Emilia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/511293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
acquisition of L2 phonetic system
production of homo-organic plosives in Polish and Korean
Opis:
Article presents the laryngeal contrast of homo¬ organic plosives in Polish and Korean and its acquisition in Polish by Korean students. There are three laryngeal series of stops in Korean: fortis (tense), lenis (lax) and aspirated. All of them are phonologically voiceless, alt-hough the lenis series typically becomes voiced intervocalically. The three¬ way laryngeal contrast among voiceless stops is very unusual and Korean is regarded as the only language which makes use of such distinction. Polish, to obtain the phonological contrast between stops having the same place of articulation, exploits the binary system of presence or ab-sence of laryngeal vibration during the closure stage of stop production. The results of the present study show that so¬ called long prevoicing of Polish voiced stops in word¬ initial position is difficult to acquire by Koreans. Polish word¬ initial voiced stops were produced by some Korean speakers as Korean lenis stops but by the majority of speakers as stops with intermediate VOT between typical values of VOT in L1 and L2. Koreans usually pronounce Polish voiceless stops with aspiration in order to contrast them with Polish voiced stop series which is unfortunately devoiced in word¬ initial position by these speakers.
Źródło:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne; 2010, 2(6); 31-57
1898-1593
2353-9844
Pojawia się w:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phonetic Imitation of Vowel Duration in L2 Speech
Autorzy:
Zając, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-03-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
phonetic imitation
phonetic convergence
phonetic accommodation
L2 pronunciation
vowel lenght in L2 pronunciation
pre-fortis clipping in L2 pronunciation
Polish learners of English
social factors affecting phonetic imitation
linguistic factors affecting phonetic imitation
Opis:
This paper reports the results of a pilot study concerned with phonetic imitation in the speech of Polish learners of English. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether native speakers of Polish imitate the length of English vowels and to determine whether the extent of phonetic imitation may be influenced by the model talker being a native or a non-native speaker of English. The participants were asked to perform an auditory naming task in which they indentified objects and actions presented on a set of photos twice, with and without the imitation task. The imitation task was further sub-divided depending on the model talker being a native or non-native speaker of English (a native Southern British English speaker and a native Polish speaker fluent in English). As the aim was to investigate the variability in durational characteristics of English vowels, the series of front vowels /æ e ɪ iː/ were analysed in the shortening and lengthening b_t vs. b_d contexts. The results of the study show that the participants imitated the length of the investigated vowels as a result of exposure to the two model talkers. The data suggest that the degree of imitation was mediated both by linguistic and social factors and that the direction of convergence might have been affected by the participants’ attitude toward L2 pronunciation.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2013, 11, 1; 19-29
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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