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Wyszukujesz frazę "wavelength" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
An electronic differential light wavelength sensor based on Michelson interferometer
Autorzy:
Adiban, H
Sadeghi, V S
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174152.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
wavelength
Michelson interferometer
sensor
Opis:
There are several cases in which the measurement of light frequency changes is necessary. For example, it is noteworthy to define the stability of output frequency (wavelength) of a laser beam. Besides, high speed light frequency sensors can be used in optical frequency modulation which has advantages including low cost, high data rate and low noise modulation. Nowadays, for transmitting optical signals, the usual method is converting the message signal to a digital signal and transmitting it with a special digital modulation and after receiving, it will be converted to an analog signal. The mentioned sections are complex and expensive. Sending a digital signal (pulse) through a nonlinear optical medium (optical fiber) may cause undesirable effects such as generating harmonics and energy dispersion in the medium. In this case, we are able to send an analog message as an analog optical signal by a tunable laser diode and receive it by this sensor. Also transmitting digital signals with usual digital modulations such as frequency shift keying will be possible. In this work, we present a new differential light frequency sensor based on an integrated Michelson interferometer whose precision in detecting wavelength changes is less than 0.001 nm.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 3; 419-428
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The study of temperature measurement based on the transmission of fixed wavelengths for helical long-period grating
Autorzy:
Bai, Yunfeng
He, Zelong
Dang, Suihu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
helical long-period grating
fixed wavelength
dual-wavelength ratio
temperature sensor
Opis:
This research involves a fixed wavelength and dual-wavelength ratio temperature measurement for helical long-period grating. There are two resonant dips near 1475 and 1520 nm, with the pitch length 782 μm. The temperature sensitivity of resonance wavelengths is about 0.06 nm/°C. Both theoretical simulation and experiment results show that the transmission of a fixed wavelength linearly changes with the temperature. It has a high application value for measuring temperature. Besides, the dual-wavelength ratio is studied to eliminate the influence of light source. The temperature sensitivity of transmission intensity ratio of I1469.6nm/I0 and I1469.6nm/I1526.5nm are about 1.0076/°C and 0.0155/°C, respectively, so the dual-wavelength ratio is more practical. And the 0.0155 times intensity change could be much more easily measured than the 0.06 nm wavelength change for each degree Celsius. So the dual-wavelength ratio of the helical long-period gratings is very suitable for temperature sensors.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2022, 52, 1; 129--137
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Availability analysis and comparison of different WDM systems
Autorzy:
Rados, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
WDM
wavelength channel
availability
protection
Opis:
We begin reasons why high system availability is important. Furthermore, the basic terms are introduced pertaining to the availability with particular review of the parallel structure. Then the availability of different wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems is analysed: point to point, chain and ring with 1+1 protection of the wavelength channel, plus the influence of availability of nodes and links on the total system availability. The data on failure intensity and mean time to repair of certain components were taken from various literature sources. We assumed in the analysis a WDM system with 16 wavelengths and 2.5 Gbit/s capacity per wavelength channel. Finally, results of calculation and comparisons of availability of different WDM systems and proposals for improvement of their availability are presented.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2007, 2; 114-119
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of WDM Transmission System for Medical Data Exchange
Autorzy:
Cybulski, R.
Perlicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Alien Wavelength
DICOM
PACS
telemedicine
Opis:
This paper describes design of the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) transmission system using Alien Wavelength channels for medical data exchange. Main purpose of such system is to develop variety of services for medical cases diagnostics in order to comply with modern standards in telemedicine. Those standards refer to photo or video data transmission produced by diagnostic devices used in radiological centers together with text data concerning medical case analysis and patient data. These features are delivered by Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). PACS describes intra-hospital network organization, which applies to constructing system data from raw graphical data and text information according to Digital Imaging and Communica tions in Medicine (DICOM) version 3.0 standard. This standard is used by authors to evaluate necessary bit rate con- cerning all types of services delivered by PACS and cumulative throughput of link connections between hospitals and databases. Organization of this connections in metropolitan WDM system using advantages of Alien Wavelength technique is this article the main goal. Difference between configurable and non-configurable 10 Gigabit Small Form Factor Pluggable (XFP) end devices for AlienWavelength channels are analyzed and compared with the standard approach using transponder cards.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2014, 2; 29-34
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement system based on multi-wavelength interferometry for long gauge block calibration
Autorzy:
Wengierow, M.
Salbut, L.
Ramotowski, Z.
Szumski, R.
Szykiedans, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
gauge block
multi-wavelength
interferometry
Opis:
This paper shows the result of work of the Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics at Warsaw University of Technology and the Length and Angle Division of Central Office of Measures (GUM) [1] in building an automatic multiwavelength interferometric system with extended measurement range for calibration of long (up to 1 m) gauge blocks. The design of a full working setup with environmental condition control and monitoring systems, as well as image analysis software, is presented. For length deviation determination the phase fraction approach is proposed and described. To confirm that the system is capable of calibrating gauge blocks with assumed accuracy, a comparison between the results of 300 mm length gauge block measurement obtained by using other systems from the Central Office of Measures is made. Statistical analysis proved that the system can be used for high precision measurements with assumed standard uncertainty (125 nm for a length of 1 m). Finally the comparison between our results obtained for a long gauge block set (600 mm to 1000 mm long) and previous calibrations made by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) [2] is shown.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 3; 479-490
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wavelength-adjustable all-optical wavelength conversion using a tunable fiber laser and an electroabsorption modulator
Autorzy:
Tseng, C.-L.
Lin, Y.-W.
Ching, P.-J.
Cheng, Y.-T.
Jou, J.-J.
Liu, C.-K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
wavelength conversion
fiber ring laser
erbium-doped fiber
electroabsorption modulator
wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network
Opis:
A wavelength conversion scheme is presented experimentally using a wavelength tunable erbium-doped fiber laser as a probe light source and an electroabsorption modulator with a DC bias only.For the input wavelength of 1557nm with a 10-Gb/s non-return to zero signal, the Q value is 10.6and the power penalty is less than 1.5dB at a bit error rate of 10–9 at the probe wavelength of1560nm. Given a fixed Q value of 6, probe wavelengths cover a range of 25nm. Furthermore,the relationship between the range of probe wavelength and the amount of power penalty is alsoinvestigated.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 3; 347-352
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectroscopic Methods Studies in Polymer
Autorzy:
Rahi, Saad Khalid
Hassan, Ehssan Salah
Abd, Ahmed N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
ESCA
polymer
Fluorescence spectra
Excitation wavelength
Opis:
The physico – chemical changes induced in polymers following to radiation can be studied by a range of spectroscopic techniques. Recent developments in instrumentation and data analysis procedures in electronic, vibrational and magnetic resonance spectroscopes have provided considerable new insights, into polymer structure and behavior. The applications of these spectroscopic methods in polymer studies are reviewed with emphasis on their utility in investigations of radiation effects on macromolecules
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 42; 41-53
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relay-assisted WDM-FSO System: A Better Solution for Communication under Rain and Haze Weather Conditions
Autorzy:
Dayal, N.
Singh, P.
Kaur, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Free Space Optics
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Opis:
Among various conventional wireless communication systems, Free Space Optics (FSO) may be distinguished as well, which provides a good level security, high data rates, an enormous bandwidth and negligible susceptibility to electromagnetic interference. The main problem arises with unfavorable weather conditions, which affect the system’s parameters and require an aversion to other paths. The weather conditions discussed are rain and haze. Elimination of their adverse effects is essential for establishing a better communication system. The routing path is a major issue, as its decreased parameters lead to the diversion of the transmitted signal or to its total loss. In this article, increased system path length and proficiency levels are demonstrated by using relays, which are assisted by Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM).
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2017, 4; 54-59
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on the X-ray wavelength division multiplexing technology for blackout region communication
Autorzy:
Li, Yao
Su, Tong
Sheng, Lizhi
Xu, Neng
Zhao, Baosheng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
X-ray communication
plasma sheath
wavelength division multiplexing
Opis:
After the concept of X-ray communication was proposed, its application in complex electromagnetic environment has received more attention, such as data transmission in re-enter special electro-magnetic condition. In this article, a new type of X-ray source was introduced firstly, which was expected to generate multiple characteristic lines and achieve wavelength division multiplexing technology in X-ray band. Then an experimental platform was built for analyzing transmission characteristics of X-ray photon in various plasma media. Finally, the calculation model for a link power equation was given. Experiment results show that transmittance of 8–18 keV X-ray signal is relatively stable, atomic numbers from 29 to 42 are the most suitable materials for wavelength division multiplexing, the X-ray communication system is expected to realize about 200 kbps data transmission rate in adjacent space.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2020, 50, 4; 619-632
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modulation index optimization for wavelength modulation spectroscopy
Autorzy:
Mohammadi, M. J.
Khorsandi, A.
Ghavami, S. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
wavelength modulation spectroscopy
NIR laser spectroscopy
molecular spectroscopy
Opis:
In this work, the second-harmonic component of wavelength modulation spectroscopy is simulated for R(22) CO2 absorption line to investigate the effect of gas temperature and pressure on the modulation index. We found that the optimum value of modulation index, that is 2.2, is not affected by temperature but gas pressure will change the optimized modulation index. Specifically, when the gas pressure decreased to lower pressures of less than 100 mbar, the modulation index is also decreased and tended exponentially to about two. Accordingly, the optimum value of modulation index is recalculated for a range of CO2 gas pressures to establish a nearly zero pressure deviation in the spectroscopy of very low pressure samples.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 4; 639-650
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laser diode distance measuring interferometer - metrological properties
Autorzy:
Dobosz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221882.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
diode laser
wavelength stabilization
interferometer
interferometer distance measurement
Opis:
A novel laser diode based length measuring interferometer for scientific and industrial metrology is presented. Wavelength the stabilization system applied in the interferometer is based on the optical wedge interferometer. Main components of the interferometer such as: laser diode stabilization assembly, photodetection system, measuring software, air parameters compensator and base optical assemblies are described. Metrological properties of the device such as resolution, measuring range, repeatability and accuracy are characterized.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2012, 19, 3; 553-564
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wavelength-sensitive-function-based spectral reconstruction using segmented principal component analysis
Autorzy:
Wu, G.
Shen, X.
Liu, Z.
Zhang, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174199.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
spectral reconstruction
wavelength-sensitive function
segmented principal component analysis
Opis:
Spectral images provide richer information than colorimetric images. A high-dimensional spectral data presents a challenge for efficient spectral reconstruction. In conventional reconstruction methods it is very difficult to obtain good spectral and colorimetric accuracy simultaneously. In this paper, a segmented principal component analysis (SPCA) method and a weighted segmented principal component analysis (wSPCA) method are proposed for efficient reconstruction of spectral color information. The methods require, firstly, partitioning the complete spectrum of wavelengths into two subgroups, considering the sensitivity of human visual system. Then the classical principal component analysis (PCA) carried out each subgroup of data separately. The results indicated that the spectral and colorimetric accuracy of the SPCA and wSPCA outperformed the PCA and weighted PCA, and wSPCA clearly retained more color visual information.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 3; 365-374
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New method of numerical modelling of optical field transformation by inhomogeneous semiconductor layer with time-varying parameters
Autorzy:
Vorgul, I.Yu.
Marciniak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308793.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
optical field transformation
wavelength conversion
nonlinear phenomena in semiconductor
Opis:
A time-domain model of a semiconductor layer with time-dependent inhomogeneous permittivity or conductivity is investigated by solving direct and inverse problems using a novel method, revealing a possibility of wavelength shifting and other desirable optical field transformation, as well as a remote diagnostics of fast time-varying inhomogeneous structures.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2000, 1-2; 83-84
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Filter Characteristics and Optical Signal Parameters on Interchannel Crosstalk
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, A.
Perlicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fiber optics transmission
wavelength division
multiplexing
optical filter
interchannel crosstalk
Opis:
In this paper we present analysis of the influence of filter characteristics of Wavelength Division Multiplexing network components and transmission parameters over inter-channel crosstalk for symmetric and asymmetric transmission. The simulation was carried out for bit rate 10 Gb/s, 40 Gb/sand 100 Gb/s considering the following modulations: DPSK, DQPSK and OOK. The obtained results show that OOK and DQPSK modulation are better than DPSK modulation in terms of crosstalk occurring during the transmission of signals in Wavelength Division Multiplexing systems.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2014, 60, 1; 83-87
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Utilization of the SOA Deep Saturation and Power Averaging Effect to Counteract Intra-Channel Crosstalk in DWDM System
Autorzy:
Dyc, F. M.
Mazurek, P.
Turkiewicz, J. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
cross-gain modulation
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
Opis:
The Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) is a key component of cost-effective short/medium range transmission systems. However it can introduce signal distortions. In this paper the authors investigate the possibility to reduce the signal distortions in SOA operating with the multiple wavelength channels. Using numerical simulations the negative influence of the nonlinear effects, namely cross-gain modulation (XGM) and the patterning effect can be reduced in deep SOA saturation regime. The self-healing effect is pronounced for the 4 or more wavelength channels and the transmitted symbol length longer than double of the SOA recovery time.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2014, 2; 22-28
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Growth Law for Columnar Structure within the Copper and Copper Alloys Solidifying at a High Peclet Number
Autorzy:
Kwapisiński, Piotr
Wołczyński, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27765081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
continuously cast copper ingots
perturbation wavelength
criterion of marginal stability
Opis:
The copper and copper alloys’ ingots have been subjected to structural observation in order to estimate the Peclet Number at which these ingots were solidifying. It was stated that the formation of columnar structure within the ingots occurred at a high Peclet Number, higher than the threshold value of this parameter, Pe = 500. The formulated relationships of the Growth Law correspond to a high Peclet Number due to application of the adequate development in series of the Ivantsov’s function. The Growth Law has been developed on the basis of the definition of the wavelength of perturbation which leads to the dispersion of the planar s/l interface. New definition of the index of stability connected with the behavior of solute concentration at the s/l interface has been delivered. The current definition is related to non-equilibrium solidification. The index can be easily calculated using some parameters delivered by a given Cu-X phase diagram. Physical meaning of the formulated Growth Law has also been presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 2; 579--584
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of Performance for a Two Regions Superstructure Fiber Bragg Grating
Autorzy:
Khorsheed, Suha
Hemed, Ayser
Fdhala, Mayyada
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046553.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Bragg wavelength
Fiber Bragg Grating
Mode Coupling Theory
Sensor
Superstructure
Opis:
A Superstructure Fiber Bragg Grating (SFBG) with a two grating regions has been studied experimentally and analytically. Both transmitted and reflected spectra for SFBG were investigated in a constant temperature (room temperature). Data that archived by Spectrometer & Detector was analyzed. In the same circumstances, a set of equations considered to simulate the experimental configuration. The SFBG spectrum characterized by important parameters: Bragg wavelength, bandwidth and efficiency. Bragg wavelength is very popular and has been used by the researchers to determine the physical quantities, it represent the reflected wavelength which satisfy Bragg condition. The behavior of these spectral parameters are presented and studied in this paper. The effect of grating region on the bandwidth and efficiency of SFBG was also studied. The SFBG has been found worked as a filter for the laser source wavelengths, which is used. Furthermore, this special FBG can be developed to optimize a sensor for temperature and pressure.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 137; 42-57
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
First Light Detection of A Single Solar Radio Burst Type III Due To Solar Flare Event
Autorzy:
Hamidi, Z. S.
Shariff, N. N. M.
Monstein, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Solar flare
low frequency
radio wavelength
solar burst
type III
CALLISTO
Opis:
The eruption mechanism of solar flares and type III are currently an extremely active area of research, especially during the solar cycle is towards maximum. In this case, the total energy of solar burst type III is of the order of solar flare with the explosion of the energy can up to 1015 ergs. The solar flare event is one of the most spectacular explosions that still be on-going study in the solar physics world. This event occurred at 2:000 UT on 15th April 2012 is due to the explosion of the magnetic energy in from the chromosphere and converted into the heating, mass motion and particle acceleration which can be detected by solar radio burst type III. In this work, we will highlight our first light detection of very tiny solar radio burst type III, which has been observed at the National Space Centre, Banting, Selangor detected by the Compound Low Cost Low Frequency Transportable Observatories (CALLISTO) system at 5:53:23. The region of the data is from 150 − 400 MHz in radio region. This burst is drifted from 150 MHz till 260 MHz. It represents a total energy of 6.2035 × 10-7 eV − 1.0753 × 10-6 eV. This fast drift burst is a continuity of the acceleration of the particles which is intermittent, and can be observed since the explosion of the solar flare. Although the burst is very tiny, it is still significant because this burst is the first detection of a single type III burst from our site. Still, the acceleration of the particles can be detected from Earth in the radio region within 3 hours period of observation at the post stage of solar flare.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 11, 1; 51-58
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The present and future of nonlinear optics applications in photonic telecommunication networks
Autorzy:
Marciniak, M.
Kowalewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308711.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
optical fibre communications
photonic networks
wavelength-division multiplexing
nonlinear optical phenomena
Opis:
A state-of-the art of photonic telecommunication technology is reviewed and possible directions of future developments are outlined. In particular, the impact of nonlinear optical phenomena inherent to silica glass on the transmission performance of wavelength-division multiplexed optical signal through fibres is discussed. Also potential applications of nonlinear photonic devices for the purposes of optical signal processing that is foreseen in future all-optical networks are pointed out.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2000, 1-2; 3-5
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Delayed differential detection for absorption spectroscopy recovery
Autorzy:
Cong, Menglong
Sun, Dandan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173211.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
wavelength modulation spectroscopy
WMS
absorption
derivative spectrum
harmonic detection
laser diode
Opis:
An elaborately designed system has been devoted to the recovery of the line shape function of absorption spectrum. Laser power passing through trace gas has been divided into the real-time and delayed components, and their difference, i.e. the equivalent of the first-order derivative spectrum, is recorded and integrated to reconstruct the absorption line profile. Since the real-time and delayed signals are derived from the only gas cell and photodetector, the elimination of background is more effective, relative to the general used double beam detection that involves two gas cells and photodetectors. Compared with the 1st harmonic detection used in the wavelength modulation spectroscopy, here the generation of derivative spectrum is achieved without modulating the injection current of laser. Additionally, the expensive lock-in amplifier working for wavelength modulation spectroscopy is replaced by a homemade device, which is made of an all-pass filter and an instrumentation amplifier. Therefore, the complexity and cost are significantly reduced, and the stability is improved. For the purpose of validation, recovering of the absorption spectroscopy is carried out using a methane sample at its R(3) absorption line of the 2ν3 overtone, and the obtained data are found to be in a high agreement with theoretical deductions.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2019, 49, 2; 303-315
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pomiar prędkości dźwięku w cieczach metodą projekcji cienia fali stojącej w praktyce pokazowej w nauczaniu fizyki
Measuring the speed of sound in liquids via a laser projection of the shadow of a standing wave in demonstrations in physics education
Autorzy:
Gawrysiak, Ignacy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32388076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Fundacja PSC
Tematy:
laser
projection
standing wave
demonstration
ultrasound
speed of sound
frequency
wavelength
Opis:
Article puts under scrutiny a method of measuring the speed of sound in liquids via a laser projection of a standing wave. The range of application of the particular method was examined. A procedure of conducting the demonstration has been formulated based on the analysis of the impact of several parameters of the demonstration setup: particular vessel, depth of the liquid, position of the cone of light with regards to the stationary wave and particular sample used were all evaluated with regards to the quality of the demonstration as well as reliability of the measurement. Applying the procedure in order to quantitatively determine the concentration of a solution has been attempted, as well as usefulness of the method in a demonstration context – examined. As a conclusion, the potential of applying the method for demonstration has been discussed and an instruction for such demonstration has been produced.
Źródło:
Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne; 2023, 2(14); 13-46
2719-9851
Pojawia się w:
Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sensitivity enhancement of a wavelength interrogation-based optical fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor for hemoglobin concentration using barium titanate
Autorzy:
Shi, Zhen-Jiang
Guo, Shi-Liang
Li, Xin
Li, Zhi-Quan
Meng, Shu-Han
Li, Chong-Zhen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27310091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
surface plasmon resonance
wavelength interrogation
barium titanate
sensitivity enhancement
hemoglobin concentration
Opis:
In this paper, the performances of a wavelength interrogation-based optical fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor for hemoglobin (Hb) concentration is investigated by theoretical simulation. The proposed configuration incorporates optical fiber, 70 nm silver, 18 nm barium titanate (BaTiO3), and 2 nm zinc oxide. Simulation results show the sensor exhibits refractive index sensitivity of 4023 nm/RIU and concentration sensitivity of 10.0873 nm/(g∙dL), along with Hb concentration varying from 0 to 14 g/dL. This paper especially focuses on the influence of BaTiO3 on the performances of the proposed sensor with light wavelength ranging from 350 to 1000 nm. Comparison analysis indicates sandwiching 18 nm BaTiO3 between sensing layers not only enhances the concentration sensitivity by 30.14% but also decreases the nonlinear error of the sensor from 0.68% to 0.63%. For a wavelength accuracy of 0.1 nm, the proposed sensor can provide a resolution of 0.0099 g/dL for Hb concentration detection.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2023, 53, 2; 167--184
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reconfigurable and tunable multi-tap bandpass microwave photonic filter based on a hybrid-gain-assisted multi-wavelength fiber ring laser
Autorzy:
Peng, Mengmeng
Wang, Fei
Shi, Lun
Huang, Jingxin
Kang, Wen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
microwave photonic filter
multi-wavelength fiber ring laser
microwave signal processing
Opis:
A reconfigurable and tunable multi-tap bandpass microwave photonic filter based on a hybrid-gain-assisted multi-wavelength fiber ring laser (HMFRL) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The HMFRL containing a hybrid gain medium and a high birefringence fiber loop mirror serves as the multiple taps generator for the microwave photonic filter. In order to realize a bandpass filter, the multiple taps are phase modulated, then the modulated signal is launched into a coil of dispersion compensating fiber to introduce different time delays for each tap. As a result, a bandpass response is obtained at the output of a high speeding photodetector. By adjusting the bias of the semiconductor optical amplifier from 344 to 450 mA, the number of multiple taps can be increased without optical signal-to-noise ratio degradation. Thus, a multi-tap bandpass microwave photonic filter with bandwidth reconfiguring from 449 to 274 MHz is achieved. In addition, by changing the length of polarization maintaining fiber in the high birefringence fiber loop mirror, the wavelength spacing of the multiple taps can be adjusted, making the bandpass microwave photonic filter’s free spectral range tunable.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2019, 49, 3; 499-507
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High performance type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice infrared photodetectors with a short cut-off wavelength
Autorzy:
Delmas, Marie
Ramos, David
Ivanov, Ruslan
Žurauskaitė, Laura
Evans, Dean
Rihtnesberg, David
Almqvist, Susanne
Becanovic, Smilja
Costard, Eric
Höglund, Linda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
infrared detectors
short-wavelength infrared
InAs/GaSb superlattice
type-II superlattice
Opis:
This work investigates the potential of InAs/GaSb superlattice detectors for the shortwavelength infrared spectral band. A barrier detector structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy and devices were fabricated using standard photolithography techniques. Optical and electrical characterisations were carried out and the current limitations were identified. The authors found that the short diffusion length of ~1.8 µm is currently limiting the quantum efficiency (double-pass, no anti-reflection coating) to 43% at 2.8 µm and 200 K. The dark current density is limited by the surface leakage current which shows generation-recombination and diffusion characters below and above 195 K, respectively. By fitting the size dependence of the dark current, the bulk values have been estimated to be 6.57·10ˉ⁶ A/cm² at 200 K and 2.31·10ˉ⁶ A/cm² at 250 K, which is only a factor of 4 and 2, respectively, above the Rule07.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, Special Issue; art. no. e144555
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance analysis of an InAs/GaSb superlattice barrier photodetector covering the full LWIR spectral domain
Autorzy:
Alchaar, Rodolphe
Rodriguez, Jean-Baptiste
Höglund, L.
Naureen, Shagufta
Costard, Eric
Christol, Philippe
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818240.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
barrier photodetector
InAs/GaSb type-2 superlattice
long wavelength infrared
performance analysis
Opis:
In this paper, we present the electrical and electro-optical characterizations of an InAs/GaSb type-2 superlattice barrier photodetector operating in the full longwave infrared spectral domain. The fabricated detectors exhibited a 50% cut-off wavelength around 14 μm at 80 K and a quantum efficiency slightly above 20%. The dark current density was of 4.6×10⁻² A/cm² at 80 K and a minority carrier lateral diffusion was evaluated through dark current measurements on different detector sizes. In addition, detector spectral response, its dark current-voltage characteristics and capacitance-voltage curve accompanied by electric field simulations were analyzed in order to determine the operating bias and the dark current regimes at different biases. Finally, dark current simulations were also performed to estimate a minority carrier lifetime by comparing experimental curves with simulated ones.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 3; 164--170
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance analysis of an InAs/GaSb superlattice barrier photodetector covering the full LWIR spectral domain
Autorzy:
Alchaar, R.
Rodriguez, J.-B.
Höglund, L.
Naureen, S.
Costard, E.
Christol, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
barrier photodetector
InAs/GaSb type-2 superlattice
long wavelength infrared
performance analysis
Opis:
In this paper, we present the electrical and electro-optical characterizations of an InAs/GaSb type-2 superlattice barrier photodetector operating in the full longwave infrared spectral domain. The fabricated detectors exhibited a 50% cut-off wavelength around 14 μm at 80 K and a quantum efficiency slightly above 20%. The dark current density was of 4.6×10⁻² A/cm² at 80 K and a minority carrier lateral diffusion was evaluated through dark current measurements on different detector sizes. In addition, detector spectral response, its dark current-voltage characteristics and capacitance-voltage curve accompanied by electric field simulations were analyzed in order to determine the operating bias and the dark current regimes at different biases. Finally, dark current simulations were also performed to estimate a minority carrier lifetime by comparing experimental curves with simulated ones.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 3; 164--170
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strain measurement based on fixed wavelength transmission of tapered long-period fiber grating
Autorzy:
Tang, Yong
Zhang, Hao
Zhang, Li
Yu, Xin Feng
Bai, Yun Feng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172862.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
tapered fiber
long-period fiber
fiber grating
strain sensor
fixed dual-wavelength ratio
Opis:
This paper studies the relationship between transmission intensity and strain based on tapered long-period fiber grating at a fixed wavelength. In experiments, tapered long-period fiber grating was prepared by the electric melting method. Experimental results show that two resonance peaks appeared at 1482 and 1537 nm, respectively. Here is the elaboration of the relationship between the resonant wavelength and the strain, its wavelength-strain sensitivity is 20 pm/με, and the linearity was negative. Then our next study was about the relationship between transmission intensity and strain at a fixed wavelength. The results show that the transmission intensity at a fixed wavelength is related to the exponent with strain. The coupled-mode theory is applied to simulate the relationship between fixed wavelength and strain. The simulation results matched the experimental results. Two fixed wavelength transmission intensity ratio was used, and the ratio showed a linear relationship with the strain, and the slope is –0.018 dB/με. Therefore, within the 0.01% resolution of our detector, we could resolve a 0.16 με strain change. We can select the appropriate light source and detector to achieve higher measurement accuracy. Thus, there is a great potential in fiber grating strain sensors.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2022, 52, 4; 511--519
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
100G shortwave wavelength division multiplexing solutions for multimode fiber data links
Autorzy:
Cimoli, B.
Estaran Tolosa, J. M.
Rodes Lopez, G. A.
Vegas Olmos, J. J.
Monroy, I. T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173811.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)
multimode fiber
MMF
wavelength division multiplexing
WDM
Opis:
We investigate an alternative 100G solution for optical short-range data center links. The presented solution adopts wavelength division multiplexing technology to transmit four channels of 25G over a multimode fiber. A comparative performance analysis of the wavelength-grid selection for the wavelength division multiplexing data link is reported. The analysis includes transmissions over standard optical multimode fiber (OM): OM2, OM3 and OM4.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 3; 409-419
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Instrumental color measurement of meat and meat products in X-RiteColor® Master
Autorzy:
Ferysiuk, Karolina
Wójciak, Karolina M.
Kęska, Paulina
Stasiak, Dariusz M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/118219.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
wavelength
hue angle
chroma
CIE L*a*b*
długość fali
kąt barwy
nasycenie
Opis:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of lyophilized plant extract on color of canned meat with reduced amount of sodium (III) nitrite measured by spectrophotometric methods. The results were collected through the X-RiteColor® Master software. The results of the experiment show that reduc-tion of nitrite salt is possible but additional fortification is required: the best results were obtained when the extract was added in the amount of 0.015%.
Źródło:
Applied Computer Science; 2020, 16, 3; 69-79
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:
Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of light wavelength on daughter cladode growth and quality in edible cactus Nopalea cochenillifera cultured in a plant factory with artificial light
Autorzy:
Horibe, T.
Imai, S.
Matsuoka, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Ogrodnictwa
Tematy:
antioxidant status
light emitting diode
spine
light spectrum
growth
quality
wavelength
cactus
Nopalea cochenillifera
Źródło:
Journal of Horticultural Research; 2018, 26, 2
2300-5009
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Horticultural Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance analysis of two-dimensional photonic crystal octagonal ring resonator based eight channel demultiplexer
Autorzy:
Kannaiyan, V.
Dhamodharan, S. K.
Savarimuthu, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
two-dimensional photonic crystals
photonic band gap
ring resonator
waveguide
demultiplexer
wavelength division multiplexing
Opis:
We proposed a high performance eight channel demultiplexer using two-dimensional photonic crystal octagonal ring resonator for wavelength division multiplexing applications. The performance parameters such as transmission efficiency, Q factor, spectral width, resonant wavelength, crosstalk and channel spacing of the proposed demultiplexers are evaluated. The plane wave expansion method manipulates photonic band gap of periodic and non-periodic structure. Finite-difference time-domain method is used to evaluate the performance parameters of designed two-dimensional photonic crystal structure. The proposed demultiplexer provides overall transmission efficiency, Q factor, spectral width of about 98%, 1968 and 0.8 nm, respectively. The ultra-compact eight channel demultiplexer performs better than the reported one. Hence this work can be implemented for real time applications.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2017, 47, 1; 7-18
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
100/1000 Gbit/s Ethernet and beyond
Autorzy:
Marciniak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308819.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
converged networks
dense wavelength division multiplexing
high-speed Ethernet
optical networking
transparent optical networks
Opis:
100 Gbit/s Ethernet is foreseen in metro and access by 2014, while 1 Tbit/s Ethernet is forecasted for trunk links before 1020. This paper reviews the advantages and constraints of the optical networking and discusses how they meet the 100 Gbit/s Ethernet needs.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2009, 1; 14-19
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
All-Optical Techniques Enabling Packet Switching with Label Processing and Label Rewriting
Autorzy:
Jung, H.
Llorente, J. H.
Tangdiongga, E.
Koonen, T.
Dorren, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308821.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
label processor
optical flip-flop memory
optical packet switching
optical signal processing
wavelength converter
Opis:
Scalability of packet switched cross-connects that utilize all-optical signal processing is a crucial issue that eventually determines the future role of photonic signal processing in optical networks. After reviewing several labeling techniques, we discuss label stacking and label swapping techniques and their benefits for scalable optical packet switched nodes. All-optical devices for implementing the packet switch based on the labeling techniques will be described. Finally, we present a 1×4 all-optical packet switch based on label swapping technique that utilizes a scalable and asynchronous label processor and label rewriter. Error-free operation indicates a potential utilization of the swapping technique in a multihop packet-switched network.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2009, 1; 20-28
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crosstalk Noise Aware System For WDM-Based Optical Network on Chip
Autorzy:
Jedidi, Ahmed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/225975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
optical network on chip
wavelength division multiplexing
crosstalk noise
detection crosstalk
waveguide
optical router
Opis:
Network on chip (NoC) is presented as a promising solution to face off the growing up of the data exchange in the multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC). However, the traditional NoC faces two main problems: the bandwidth and the energy consumption. To face off these problems, a new technology in MPSoC, namely, optical network-on-chip (ONoC) has been introduced which it uses the optical communication to guaranty a high performance in communication between cores. In addition, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is exploited in ONoC to reach a high rate of bandwidth. Nevertheless, the transparency nature of the ONoC components induce crosstalk noise to the optical signals, which it has a direct effect to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) then decrease the performance of the ONoC. In this paper, we proposed a new system to control these impairments in the network in order to detect and monitor crosstalk noise in WDM-based ONoC. Furthermore, the crosstalk monitoring system is a distributed hardware system designed and test with the different optical components according the various network topology used in ONoC. The register-transfer level (RTL) hardware design and implementation of this system can result in high reliability, scalability and efficiency with running time less than 20 ms.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 3; 497-505
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
RoFnet - Reconfigurable Radio over Fiber Network Architecture Overview
Autorzy:
Medeiros, M.
Avó, R.
Laurencio, P.
Correia, N.
Barradas, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
optical access networks
optical single sideband
radio over fiber
reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers
wavelength division multiplexing
Opis:
This paper introduces the basic operational concepts of the RoFnet - reconfigurable radio over fiber network, which is a project supported by the Portuguese Foundation forScience and Technology. This project proposes an innovative radio over fiber optical access network architecture, which combines a low cost base station (BS) design, incorporating reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers, with fiber dispersion mitigation provided by optical single sideband modulation techniques. Optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) techniques are used to simplify the access network architecture allowing for different BSs to be fed by a common fiber. Different wavelength channels can be allocated to different BSs depending on user requirements. Additionally, in order to improve radio coverage within a cell, it is considered a sectorized antenna interface. The combination of subcarrier multiplexing with WDM, further simplifies the network architecture, by using a specific wavelength channel to feed an individual BS and different subcarriers to drive the individual antenna sectors within the BS.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2009, 1; 38-43
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An optimized design for non-zero dispersion shifted fiber with reduced nonlinear effects for future optical networks
Autorzy:
Raja, A S
Selvendran, S
Priya, R
Mahendran, C
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dense wavelength division multiplexing
non-zero dispersion shifted fiber
refractive index profile
effective area
dispersion slope
Opis:
Accommodation of many channels in dense wavelength division multiplexing networks raises the average power density of the optical networks. This results in severe nonlinear effects in the optical networks. An optimized design of non-zero dispersion shifted fiber with an enormous effective area can overcome this nonlinear effect and also offer a minimum bending loss and splice loss for a dense wavelength division multiplexing system. In this paper, the alpha-peak profile is utilized for calculating electrical field distribution and designing the refractive index profile of the non-zero dispersion shifted fiber. This fiber has a high effective area of about 120 μm2. Conjointly, the accomplished fiber has a very low bending loss of 1.40×10–14 dB/km and reduced splice loss of 4.46×10–3 dB. Due to this high effective area, the dense wavelength division multiplexing network performance is upgraded by diminishing nonlinear effects. In addition, the newly designed fiber has also a very low dispersion slope (0.057 ps/nm2km). Thus, the proposed fiber is optimized to handle high bandwidth and multiple high bit-rate wavelength channels without nonlinear impairments in the 1.55 μm window long-haul dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2014, 44, 4; 503-519
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectral Division of the Optical Fiber Passband Using Narrowband Controllable Filter on the Base of Semiconductor Waveguide Microresonator
Autorzy:
Goncharenko, I.
Esman, A.
Zykov, G.
Kuleshov, V.
Marciniak, M.
Pilipovich, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
carrier injection
controllable optical filter
coupled waveguides
optical passband
resonance wavelength
resonator optical length
ring microresonator
Opis:
We analyze the new principle of multichannel spectral division of optical fiber passband using controllable narrowband integrated optical filters composed of two-coupled ring microresonators made of different semiconductor materials. It is shown that appropriate selecting the semiconductor material and optimizing the design factors of selective optical element allows creating the simple and economical integrated optical filter with bandwidth 0.1 nm, frequency separation between adjacent optical carriers 0.2 nm and signal-to-noise ratio 50 dB. Utilizing such filters in optical fiber communication lines makes it possible to increase the number of transmitted in parallel optical carrier wavelengths up to 160 and even more, i.e., to provide the traffic transmission with the speed up to 1.6 Tbit/s in one direction and in single optical fiber.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2008, 4; 67-72
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Growth and characterisation of LWIR T2SL on (100)-, (211)- and (311)-oriented GaSb substrates
Autorzy:
Lubyshev, Dmitri
Fastenau, Joel M.
Kattner, Michael
Frey, Philip
Nelson, Scott A.
Flick, Ryan
Wu, Ying
Liu, Amy W. K.
Szymanski, Dennis E.
Martinez, Becky
Furlong, Mark J.
Dennis, Richard
Bundas, Jason
Sundaram, Mani
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204213.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
focal plane arrays
InAs/InAsSb
photodetectors
long wavelength infrared type-II superlattice
metamorphic buffers
superlattice period reduction
Opis:
Ga-free InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattice structures grown on GaSb substrates have demonstrated high performance for mid-wave infrared applications. However, realisation of long wavelength infrared photodetectors based on this material system still presents challenges, especially in terms of reduced quantum efficiency. This reduction is due, in part, to the increased type-II superlattice period required to attain longer wavelengths, as thicker periods decrease the wave-function overlap for the spatially separated quantum wells. One way to improve long wavelength infrared performance is to modify the type-II superlattice designs with a shorter superlattice period for a given wavelength, thereby increasing the wave-function overlap and the resulting optical absorption. Long wavelength infrared epitaxial structures with reduced periods have been realised by shifting the lattice constant of the type-II superlattice from GaSb to AlSb. Alternatively, epitaxial growth on substrates with orientations different than the traditional (100) surface presents another way for superlattice period reduction. In this work, the authors evaluate the performance of long wavelength infrared type-II superlattice detectors grown by molecular beam epitaxy using two different approaches to reduce the superlattice period: first, a metamorphic buffer to target the AlSb lattice parameter, and second, structures lattices matched to GaSb using substrates with different orientations. The use of the metamorphic buffer enabled a ~30% reduction in the superlattice period compared to reference baseline structures, maintaining a high quantum efficiency, but with the elevated dark current related to defects generated in the metamorphic buffer. Red-shift in a cut-off wavelength obtained from growths on highindex substrates offers a potential path to improve the infrared photodetector characteristics. Focal plane arrays were fabricated on (100), (311)A- and (211)B-oriented structures to compare the performance of each approach.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, Special Issue; art. no. e144568
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationships between inherent optical properties in the Baltic Sea for application to the underwater imaging problem
Autorzy:
Levin, I.
Darecki, M.
Sagan, S.
Radomyslskaya, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Baltic Sea
underwater imaging problem
visibility
inherent optical property
light absorption
Baltic water
statistical relationship
light attenuation
wavelength
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2013, 55, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Converged ultra-wideband and multi-level wired signal downstream transport over single wavelength in wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network
Autorzy:
Ma, H
Wang, F.
Wang, W.
Zhang, X
Yu, Q.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
ultra-wideband (UWB)
multi-level amplitude switch keying (M-ASK)
wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON)
Opis:
Simultaneous providing services of ultra-wideband and wired signal over single wavelength can greatly decrease the complexity and reduce the costs of a wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network. However, ultra-wideband signal occupies the spectrum range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, and a narrow idle frequency band (from 0 to 3.1 GHz) could be employed to transport wired signal with a limited rate. In this paper, we proposed a scheme to simultaneously provide ultra-wideband and wired services, in which the information rate of the wired signal is enhanced by employing a multi-level amplitude switch keying signal in the idle frequency band formed by ultra-wideband signal. In comparison with other advanced modulation formats used for wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical networks such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, multi-level amplitude switch keying signal can be easily received by using intensity modulation direct detection, which will greatly reduce the cost of end-users. Especially, if a multi-band ultra-wideband signal is substituted for the direct-sequence ultra-wideband signal, the available spectrum range to transport wired signal will be easily extended to 5 GHz as multi-band ultra-wideband signal has a narrower spectrum width and flexible center frequency, so 4-amplitude switch keying signal with a rate of 5 Gbaud will achieve an information rate of 10 Gbit/s.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 4; 433-445
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania stabilności termicznej interferencyjnego etalonu do stabilizacji częstotliwości diody laserowej
Studies of thermal stability of the interference etalon used for laser diode wavelength stabilization
Autorzy:
Dobosz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/155371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
etalon interferencyjny
dioda laserowa
różnica dróg optycznych
stabilizacja długości fali
interferometric etalon
laser diode
optical path difference
wavelength stabilization
Opis:
Przedstawiono metodę pomiarową i wyniki badań nowego interferencyjnego etalonu, przeznaczonego do stabilizacji częstotliwości fali światła emitowanego przez diodę laserową. Etalon stanowi stabilizowany termicznie klin optyczny. Testowano stabilność różnicy dróg optycznych etalonu przy stałej i zmiennej temperaturze otoczenia. Jako wzorzec częstotliwości wykorzystano stabilizowany częstotliwościowo laser HeNe. Zaprezentowano metodykę badań, sposób przeprowadzenia eksperymentu oraz analizę i interpretację otrzymanych wyników.
Experimental tests of the interference etalon designed for laser diode frequency stabilization are presented. A thermally stabilized optical wedge acts as the etalon. A special type of the etalon glass and applied thermal stabilization of the wedge should ensure the constant value of the etalon optical path difference (OPD) during changes of the ambient temperature. The aim of the presented study was to determine the change of the etalon temperature and its OPD as a function of the ambient temperature changes. At the beginning, measurements of the ambient temperature influence on the temperature indicated by a thermistor that controls the etalon temperature were taken. The experiments were carried out in a thermal chamber. The chamber temperature was changed by 12°C. The obtained thermal stabilization of the etalon thermistor can be characterized by the coefficient of the relative ambient temperature impact equal to about 1.6x10-5/K. A He-Ne wavelength stabilized laser was used as the frequency reference for testing the OPD stability during changes of the ambient temperature. Instability of the interferometer fringe phase generated by the etalon was observed. The obtained relative thermal change of the etalon OPD is equal to 5x10-9/°C of the ambient temperature change. Basing on the obtained coefficient and knowing the ambient temperature it is possible to apply numeric compensation of the laser wavelength. The obtained results are very satisfactory considering the simplicity of the system.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 1, 1; 22-23
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Megascale rhythmic shoreline forms on a beach with multiple bars
Autorzy:
Pruszak, Z.
Rozynski, G.
Szmytkiewicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
bar
beach
shoreline form
shoreline configuration
wavelength
Baltic Sea
rhythmic form
nearshore zone
Baltic coast
statistical analysis
multibar profile
Opis:
The study, carried out in 2003 and 2006 at the Lubiatowo Coastal Research Station (Poland), located on the non-tidal southern Baltic coast (tidal range < 0.06 m), focused on larger rhythmic forms (mega-cusps) with wavelengths in the interval 500 m > Lc > 20 m. Statistical analyses of detailed shoreline configurations were performed mostly with the Discrete Wavelet Transform method (DWT). The beach is composed of fine sand with grain diameter D50 ≈ 0.22 mm, which produces 4 longshore sandbars and a gently sloping seabed with β = 0.015. The analysis confirms the key role of bars in hydro- and morphodynamic surf zone processes. The hypothesis was therefore set up that, in a surf zone with multiple bars, the bars and mega-scale shoreline rhythmic forms form one integrated physical system; experimental evidence to substantiate this hypothesis was also sought. In such a system not only do self-regulation processes include swash zone phenomena, they also incorporate processes in offshore surf zone locations. The longshore dimensions of large cusps are thus related to the distances between periodically active large bed forms (bars). The spatial dimension of bar system activity (number of active bars) depends, at a given time scale, on the associated hydrodynamic conditions. It was assumed that such a time scale could include either the development and duration of a storm, or a period of stable, yet distinct waves, capable of remodelling the beach configuration. The indentation to wavelength ratio of mega-cusps for the studied non-tidal dissipative environment may be one order of magnitude greater than for mesotidal, reflective beaches.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 2; 183-203
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania interferencyjnego etalonu do stabilizacji długości fali diody laserowej
Experimental analysis of interference etalon for laser diode laser wavelength stabilization
Autorzy:
Żaba, M.
Dobosz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
etalon interferencyjny
dioda laserowa
różnica dróg optycznych
stabilizacja długości fali
interferometrical etalon
laser diode
optical path difference
wavelength stabilization
Opis:
W artykule przedstawione zostały metoda pomiarowa i wyniki badań interferencyjnego etalonu, przeznaczonego do stabilizacji częstotliwości fali światła emitowanego przez diodę laserową. Etalon stanowił stabilizowany termicznie klin optyczny. W badaniach jako wzorzec częstotliwości wykorzystano stabilizowany częstotliwościowo laser He-Ne. W trakcie przeprowadzonych doświadczeń obserwowana była niestabilność fazy prążków powstałych w etalonie przy zmiennej temperaturze otoczenia. Uzyskano względną termiczną zmianę różnicy dróg optycznych etalonu na poziomie 2⋅10⁻⁸/°C zmiany temperatury otoczenia.
Measuring method and experimental results of the interference etalon designed for the purpose of laser diode frequency stabilization is presented. Thermally stabilized optical wedge acts as the etalon. He-Ne wavelength stabilized laser has been used as the frequency reference. During experiments instability of the interferometer fringe phase generated by the etalon has been observed when the ambient temperature was changed. The obtained relative thermal change of the optical path difference of the etalon is equal to 2⋅10⁻⁸/°C of the ambient temperature change.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2009, 58, 1; 327-338
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seasonal variability in the optical properties of Baltic aerosols
Autorzy:
Zdun, A.
Rozwadowska, A.
Kratzer, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
seasonal variability
optical property
Baltic aerosol
aerosol optical thickness
wavelength
meteorological factor
atmospheric aerosol
solar radiation
Baltic Sea
seasonal cycle
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A review of the radar absorber material and structures
Przegląd materiałów i struktur pochłaniających promieniowanie radarowe
Autorzy:
Aytaç, Ayhan
İpek, Hüseyin
Aztekin, Kadir
Aytav, Emre
Çanakçı, Burak
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30140188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
radar absorber
wavelength absorber
lossy dielectric
shape factor
materiał pochłaniający promieniowanie
pochłanianie promieniowania
ograniczony zakres widma
stratny dielektryk
czynnik kształtu
Opis:
The development of technologies that can rival the devices used by other countries in the defense industry, and more importantly, can disable their devices is becoming more critical. Radar absorber materials (RAM) make the detection of the material on the radar difficult because of absorbing a part of the electromagnetic wave sent by the radar. Considering that radar is one of the most important technologies used in the defense industry, the production of non-radar materials is vital for all countries in the world. Covering a gun platform with radar absorber material reduces the radar-cross-sectional area (RCA) value representing the visibility of that platform on the radar. This review aims to present the electromagnetic principles and developed Radar Absorbent Materials (RAM) during decades from the 1960s. The frequency range 8-12 GHz in the electromagnetic spectrum is named the microwave region and used in airport radar applications. Revised basis of electromagnetic theory and defined by a variety of absorbent materials and some design classification types and techniques are described in this article.
Coraz większego znaczenia nabiera rozwój technologii mogących konkurować z produktami przemysłu obronnego używanymi przez inne kraje oraz, co istotniejsze, uniemożliwiać prawidłowe działanie tych produktów. Materiały pochłaniające promieniowanie (RAM – radiation-absorbent material) utrudniają wykrycie obiektu przez radar, absorbując część wiązki elektromagnetycznej wysłanej przez to urządzenie. Biorąc pod uwagę to, że radiolokacja stanowi jedną z najistotniejszych technologii stosowanych w przemyśle obronnym, produkcja materiałów zakłócających jej skuteczność ma kluczowe znaczenie dla wszystkich krajów świata. Pokrycie platformy bojowej materiałem pochłaniającym promieniowanie ogranicza skuteczną powierzchnię odbicia (SPO), od której zależna jest widoczność tej platformy na radarze. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie zasad elektromagnetyzmu oraz rozwoju materiałów pochłaniających promieniowanie począwszy od lat sześćdziesiątych XX w. Fale elektromagnetyczne o częstotliwości 8-12 GHz określane są jako mikrofale i mają zastosowanie w urządzeniach radiolokacyjnych lotnisk. W artykule przedstawiono uaktualnione podstawy teorii elektromagnetycznej, zdefiniowano różnorodne materiały pochłaniające oraz przedstawiono niektóre typy i techniki.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2020, 52, 4(198); 931-946
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Description of diesel fuel based on synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy
Autorzy:
Baszanowska, E.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242632.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy
total synchronous spectra
diesel fuel
wavelength-interval
offset
fluorescencyjna spektroskopia synchroniczna
widmo synchroniczne
olej napędowy
długość fali
Opis:
The purpose of the study is spectrally characterise fuel Diesel used in diesel ship engine. For description of Diesel fuel the techniques of total synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy was applied. To characterise the oil, the spectrofluorometer ‘Aqualog Horiba’, which allows performing precise measurement in a short time, was applied to measure the excitation-emission spectra. Total synchronous fluorescence spectra of oil were obtained using various wavelength intervals basing on the measured excitation-emission spectra of Diesel fuel. Total synchronous spectra of Diesel oil are considered for several oil concentration. Synchronous fluorescence spectra were used to describe the detected maxima of Diesel fuel fluorescence by the wavelength-interval fluorescence maximum, containing information about the excitation wavelength and the wavelength-interval describing the characteristic fluorescence peak position for each considered fuel sample. That approach is discussed in relation to find a universal indicator – the wavelength-interval – as a possible tool proposed to Diesel fuel description independent from the fuel concentration. Therefore, we discuss the changes of the total synchronous fluorescence spectra for different oil concentration. Obtained results indicate that the best indicator for this kind of oil characterisation seems to be the wavelength-interval for 60 nm due to the independence of the synchronous spectra from the oil concentration.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 1; 39-45
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A novel flattened gain C-band cascaded hybrid optical Raman and thulium-doped fluoride fiber amplifier for super dense wavelength division multiplexing system
Autorzy:
Kumar, C.
Goyal, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
gain
noise figure
Raman amplifier
thulium-doped fluoride fiber
TDFF amplifier
super dense wavelength division multiplexing
SD-WDM
hybrid optical amplifier
Opis:
In this paper, we have reported a very advanced hybrid optical amplifier (Raman-TDFF amplifier) for the 180 × 10 Gbps super dense wavelength division multiplexing system with the channel spacing of 100 GHz. The performances of the model have been evaluated in terms of gain and noise figures for the C-band (from 1525 to 1565 nm). Gain flatness (> 21 dB) is recorded with the least variation of 2.5 dB without using any cost effective technique. Further, the effect of the proposed hybrid optical amplifier has also been analyzed with slightly shifting the wavelength spectrum for the same feature.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 2; 173-177
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectral light absorption by yellow substance in the Kattegat-Skagerrak area
Autorzy:
Hojerslev, N.K.
Aas, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48244.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
yellow substance
wavelength
spectral slope
coastal water
Kattegat area
absorption coefficient
Scandinavian fjord
Baltic Sea
optical property
Skagerrak area
light absorption
Opis:
More than 1500 water samples were taken from the Kattegat, the Skagerrak and adjacent waters. The value of the absorption coefficient of yellow substance at 310 nm was found to varyf rom 0.06 to 7.4 m−1 in the open coastal waters, with a mean value of 1.3 m−1. The corresponding wavelength-averaged value (250–450 nm) of the semilogarithmic spectral slope of the coefficient ranges from 0.008 to 0.042 nm−1, and the mean value is 0.023 nm−1. Closer to river discharges, as in the fjords, the values of the slope seem to be more constant at around 0.0175±0.0015 nm−1. In this area the slope must then be known in order to compare absorption at different wavelengths or to model the yellow substance absorption.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Two-step dual-wavelength interferometry for surface relief retrieval
Autorzy:
Kmet, Arkady B.
Muravsky, Leonid I.
Voronyak, Taras I.
Stasyshyn, Ihor V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173569.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dual-wavelength interferometry
two-step phase shifting interferometry
blind phase shift
surface relief retrieval
areal surface roughness
areal waviness
phase map
Opis:
The new two-step dual-wavelength interferometry method that uses only two pairs of interferograms for surface relief retrieval is proposed. In this method, two interferograms in each pair are differed only by an arbitrary phase shift of a reference wave. The method allows using only one out-of-plane shift of a reference wave to record each second interferogram in both pairs, since arbitrary phase shifts between interferograms in each pair can be defined by calculation of the correlation coefficient between two interferograms. This method can extract separately areal surface roughness and areal waviness phase maps from a phase map of the total surface relief and reduce errors produced during the surface relief retrieving. Computer simulation and experimental verification have confirmed the reliability of the proposed method.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2019, 49, 2; 331-343
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
1.28 Tbps DWDM optical network design using a dispersion compensating distributed Raman amplifier over S-band
Autorzy:
Gul, Baseerat
Ahmad, Faroze
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2206823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
dense wavelength division multiplexing
conventional single mode fibre
optical signal to noise ratio
stimulated Raman scattering
S-band
dispersion compensating fibre
Opis:
A 100 km long dense wavelength division multiplexed optical network design with a capacity of 1.28 Tbps is proposed in this paper. The novelty of this work is the use of a dispersion compensating fibre as a Raman amplifier in the S-band for a high-capacity dense wavelength division multiplexing network. The transmission is accomplished auspiciously in the wavelength range from 196 THz to 202. 35THz. The coupling of a Raman amplifier made the realisation of the S-band possible in the network, as the erbium-doped fibre amplifier is competent for amplification in C- and L-bands only. Further, a pump coupler is used for multiple pumping to enlarge the gain spectrum for a high-capacity optical network. The performance analysis of the network is carried out systematically in terms of bit error rate (BER), eye diagram, Q-factor, and optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR). The results demonstrate that the proposed set-up shows adequately low BER, sufficient Q-factor values, wide eye-opening, and commendable OSNR for all receiving channels.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 2; art. no. e146104
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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