Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Deliberation as a tool to find solutions to overcome the crisis in the European Union

Autorzy:

Marta, Witkowska,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894730.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

deliberation
democracy in the European Union
crisis in the European Union

Opis:

A deliberative debate is a process of communication focused on finding good arguments for specific evaluations and solutions to the issues discussed, and addressing important stakeholder issues. The aim of the article is to present the course and results of observations made with regards to the theoretical and scientific discourse of deliberation that took place in September 2016. Participants were academic experts, thinkers and representatives of civil society organisations working in European affairs, as well as doctoral students and other activists. The questions concerned the way to understand the guiding motto of the meeting: More Europe and the way to define and to perceive the crisis in the process of European integration. Deliberation concerned the assessment of the model of European integration and the question whether the current formula is endorsed or contested. In addition, arguments on the best and worst effects of the integration process should be identified, who can challenge the integration process and for what reasons. The purpose of the deliberation was to assess the process of European integration, identify the ground for the criticism thereof, diagnose crisis situations and indicate the desired target model.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2017, 1 (43); 133-145
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Migracje Polaków po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej
POLISH MIGRATION AFTER ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION

Autorzy:

Bobrowska, Anita

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418354.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych

Tematy:

MIGRATION
THE EUROPEAN UNION

Opis:

This publication is the work of a theoretical nature. The author focused on the causes and consequences of migration from Poland after 1 May 2004.The paper presents the rock migration, and the main features of contemporary Polish migration, the author also compares the Poles trips to Scandinavia and the UK.

Źródło:

Colloquium; 2013, 5, 2; 49-64
2081-3813
2658-0365

Pojawia się w:

Colloquium

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

THE EUROPEANIZATION OF THE POLISH SAFETY POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS PARTICIPATION IN NATIONAL ARMED MILITARY FORCES MISSIONS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Autorzy:

Hoffmann, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594873.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Europeanization
policy safety
the European Union

Opis:

The participation of Poland in the Union’s military missions was dictated by a conviction about the need of a common, solidary cooperation in solving problems on a local, as well as international level, especially in the situation, when local issues could transform into a problem of a wider, so regional or global nature. Ensuring a state’s safety and strengthening of the position of Poland on the international arena, as constant purposes of our national policy, required joining in any international initiatives that were supposed to serve as a realization of strategic national aims. Due to the fact that different processes and phenomena happening in surroundings, regions and in the world influenced by the Polish safety, Poland had to actively participate in these actions. The active membership of Poland in foreign missions had been creating conditions that favor economical development and a progress of civilization. The participation in missions lead under the aegis of the European Union was also a realization of allied commitments and they were the one to constitute the credibility of Poland. The participation of Poland in the Common Security and Defence Policy can be divided into two periods. The first once embraces a time, when Poland was not a member of the European Union and, to be honest, its participation in a decisive process under the CSDP had more of a personal nature of engagement into lead missions. Therefore, Poland activated its military forces in military operations, as well as civilian ones, of which there were more. A second period is the time after 2004, when Poland had become a member of the European Union. In this case, we had a formal right to participate or make decisions ands not to participate in certain initiatives of the European Union. In operations that had national forces involved, it is possible to notice happening there processes of the Europeanization. Generally, they were based on taking over soft regulation aspects elaborated on a Union’s level and implementing them in actions of Polish organizations. Even though under the CSDP decisions were made and are made in an intergovernmental way, in situations when Poland participated in operations lead by the European Union, it has always adjusted to the dictate of Brussels. It resulted from an operational, organizational and logistic subordination of the Polish Military Contingent. To sum up, it can be assumed that even in a policy considered as a field with many flaws, there still are ongoing processes of Europeanization based on taking over elements of soft laws and in some cases – hard regulations as well. In this context, Polish armed forces received some “best practices”, learnt to act in completely different conditions and fields that made their adjustments and taking over good practices have some kind of a socialization nature.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2014, 43; 108-121
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

Niedowierzanie i szok czy zdrowy rozsądek, czyli reakcja światowych mediów na wyniki brytyjskiego Brexitu
Disbelief and shock or common sense, the reaction of the worlds media on the results of the British Brexit

Autorzy:

Smaga, Daniel

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514691.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych

Tematy:

Brexit
the European Union
media
referendum

Opis:

This article presents a new phenomenon in the European Union. Namely, the country abandonment from the EU Structures. The first country which made that, was the United Kingdom, as the result of the referendum form 23rd June 2016. Slightly more than half of the British people decided to leave EU. The day after the announcement of the Brexit results, media from all over the world began to comment on the unexpected results of the referendum. It has started a discussion about what will happen next? Many publicists and analysts asked how will European Union function without the one of the most important countries in Europe? What consequences await the British departing from the structures of the European Union? Is there a danger for “domino effect” in which other countries will try to leave the European Community?

Źródło:

Political Preferences; 2017, 15; 61-72
2449-9064

Pojawia się w:

Political Preferences

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

The Essence, Premises and Perspectives of Modernisation of the European Union

Autorzy:

Fiszer, Józef M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023544.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

modernisation of policy
the European Union

Opis:

Modernisation of the European Union or just another modifi cation? Such a dilemma appears regularly during all inter-governmental conferences, specially before and after approving another revision treaty for the European Union. To answer such a question, fi rst the essence and meaning of these terms has to be explained, and to do so, the best option is to refer to their etymology. And so, according to the PWN “Dictionary of Foreign Words”, ‘modification’ »latin modification = measuring« is a change, transformation, remake; a modifi ed object, while ‘modernisation’ »fr. moderne = modern« is making something modern or making something contemporary’. Therefore, modernisation shall mean a broader and deeper process, these are actions leading to radical transformations and changes as compared to modifi cation, which usually precedes modernisation. It may then be said that as far as the European Union is concerned, commencing from its origination by the Maastricht treaty of 7th February 1992 till the latest revision treaty, i.e. the Lisbon treaty which became eff ective on 1st December 2009, we only witnessed its successive (permanent) modifi cation, that is slow transformations which were generally named extension and enhancement processes. Today, after nearly twenty years of remakes and use, the European Union needs not only a radical overhaul but rather modernisation, meaning its update and adapting to contemporary times. Today, the European Union requires adaptation to challenges and requirements of the 21st century determined by acceleration and globalisation progressing within all spheres of life.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2012, 41; 307-322
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

European Federation as a Systemic Response to the Crisis of Leadership in Europe?

Autorzy:

Ociepa, Marcin

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594719.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

the European Union
European federation
European identity
globalization

Opis:

The idea of European federation keeps recurring in politicians’ and intellectuals’ discourses on the future of the European Union. The logic of global rivalry of “large territories” favors this in particular, as it somehow forces Europe’s states to enter into a tighter integration if they want to realize their politics. The biggest challenge which the Union faces is the problem of leadership, understood both in the context of internal policy and relationally towards the surrounding. The problem, however, is the diversity of the member states and the unrelenting tension between particular concern about a national interest and European universalism. European federation sensu stricto, just because of this diversity has still been a utopian project. The future of the European Union most probably lies in a new intermediate model, as unique as the European Commonwealths used to be in the 1950s.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2015, 44; 32-47
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Opinia w sprawie wniosku dotyczącego dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady w sprawie zamówień publicznych
Opinion on the proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council on public procurement (COM (2011) 896 final)

Autorzy:

Szydło, Marek
Cieślik, Ziemowit

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647752.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

public procurement
Council of the European Union

Opis:

The proposal contains the provisions governing the process of awarding public procurement contracts, i.e. contracts for pecuniary interest concluded between economic operators and contracting authorities (Article 2(7) of the proposal). The proposal for a directive on public procurement is worthy of support from the government in the Council of the EU, taking into account any suggestions for change specified in the information about the position of the Republic of Poland.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2012, 3(35); 134-147
1896-9852
2082-064X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

The development of the European Union in the areas of migration, visa and asylum after 2015. Priorities, effects, perspectives

Autorzy:

Cymbranowicz, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/579624.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

MIGRANT
REFUGEE
MIGRATION CRISIS
THE EUROPEAN UNION

Opis:

The article entitled ‘The development of the European Union in the areas of migration, visa and asylum after 2015. Priorities, effects, perspectives’ is a contribution to the public discourse on one of the biggest problems and challenges facing the European Union in the 21st century from a political, economic and social perspective. The (un)controlled influx of refugees to Europe after 2015, which is the result of political destabilization and the unstable socio-economic situation in the region of North Africa and the Middle East, clearly indicates that during the ‘test’, the existing refugee protection system in the European Union did not pass the ‘exam’. In connection with the above, attempts to modify it have been made at the EU level. This article is a presentation of individual solutions (‘Fortress Europe’, ‘Open Door Policy’, ‘Sluice’), as well as an analysis and evaluation of the possibilities of their implementation in the current difficult crisis conditions.

Źródło:

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2020, 46, 1 (175); 67-95
2081-4488
2544-4972

Pojawia się w:

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

THE INFLUENCE OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY AND EU FUNDS ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT AFTER THE ACCESSION OF POLAND TO THE EUROPEAN UNION

Autorzy:

Rdzanek, Dorota

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594482.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Common Agricultural Policy
Agriculture
the European Union

Opis:

The basic function of agricultural areas is, according to the European Charter for Rural Areas, agriculture and preservation of the natural environment based on a well-functioning agricultural sector that operates in harmony with nature. The Council Regulation (EC) 1257/1999 on support for rural development from the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee was adopted in 1999. The programmes that are currently binding in the territory of Poland were developed in accordance with the EU policy expressed in the abovementioned acts and other documents concerning development of rural areas. These included: the Rural Development Programme that focused on social and environmental aspects, as well as a part of the Sectoral Operational Programme devoted to the development of rural areas, as well as restructuring and modernization of the food sector. Based on the priorities of the Council regulation, two strategic objectives have been set: 1) Improvement of competitiveness of the agriculture and food economy, 2) Sustainable development of rural areas. Implementation of these objectives requires the support of the Common Agricultural Policy. Polish European Union membership contributed to setting its objectives and increasing the ability to subsidise economic entities, as well as develop both the food and rural areas economy.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2014, 43; 298-310
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

W naszych osiągnięciach musimy znaleźć źródło motywacji do dalszego wysiłku
We Have to Find Motivation for Further Effort in Our Achievements

Autorzy:

Buzek, Jerzy

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417245.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-06

Wydawca:

Najwyższa Izba Kontroli

Tematy:

Polish transformation
membership in the European Union

Opis:

The anniversaries we are celebrating this year – twenty-five years of the Polish transformation, the fifteenth anniversary of our accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, and ten years of our membership in the European Union – give us an excellent opportunity for summing things up. In the opinion of the former Prime Minister, and present Member of the European Parliament, we have succeeded to change deeply both Poland and Europe. It is also true of the institutional sphere – nowadays both the institutions of the Polish state and those of the EU are marked with the way that our country has taken since 1989.

Źródło:

Kontrola Państwowa; 2014, 59, 3(356); 8-9
0452-5027

Pojawia się w:

Kontrola Państwowa

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

The Role of the European Union in Conflict Resolution in Nepal

Autorzy:

Thapa, Manish

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091804.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-06-25

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych

Tematy:

international relations of the European Union
cooperation between the European Union and Nepal
European Commission’s assistance to Nepal
European Union
Nepal

Opis:

At the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union (EU) has ambitions to play a more important role in international relations. In recent years, it has developed relations with partners across the globe. The EU put stress not only on political and economic cooperation, but it wants to promote some of the values that it considers important. Among these values are democracy, social welfare, human rights and liberalism. One of the key aspects of European foreign policy (EFP) contributed in manifold ways to peace support operations. As regards the European Commission (EC), it has a strong external relations acquis in projecting peace abroad, notably in the form of preventive diplomacy and long-term civilian peacebuilding. In this context, European Commission’s assistance to Nepal dates back to 1977. In June 1996, the EC–Nepal Framework Co-operation Agreement came into force, outlining the general conditions for providing EC technical assistance and co-operation. The principal objectives of this Agreement are to enhance and develop the various aspects of co-operation between the parties. The EC’s assistance to Nepal during the period 2007–2013 has an estimated budget of EUR 120 million and will target the following three areas: education (with human rights, conflict prevention and good governance as cross-cutting issues); stability and peacebuilding; trade facilitation and economic capacity building. To further consolidate its effort, on 8 July 2011 the European Union agreed to provide a grant of EUR 22 million for the implementation of the Support for Stability and Peace Building program. Thus peacebuilding & conflict resolution is one of the key priority areas of the assistance from the European Commission to Nepal. This paper outlines the European Union’s support to Nepal’s conflict resolution initiatives and its implications on the conflict resolution process of Nepal.

Źródło:

Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2015, 51, 1; 83-91
0209-0961

Pojawia się w:

Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

Issues in the Language Policy of the European Union. Motivation as a Key Factor in Promoting Language Learning

Autorzy:

Komorowska, Hanna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916793.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-11-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Policy of the European Union
Language Learning

Opis:

As motivation has been identified by the EU High Level Group on Multilingualism as the key factor in promoting language education, the author, herself member of HLGM, discusses a variety of approaches to motivation and presents guidelines for the promotional activity at national, regional and school levels, concentrating on its aims and procedures, identifying age groups and motives to be targeted, as well as arguments and strategies to be used in the process of eliciting and sustaining learners' motivation to study foreign languages.

Źródło:

Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics; 2007, 33, 1; 7-19
0072-4769

Pojawia się w:

Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ ТЕРРОРИЗМУ В ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМ СОЮЗЕ

Autorzy:

Вальдемар, ЗУБЖИЦКИ,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/891536.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-10-22

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie

Tematy:

terrorism
The European Union
terrorist activities
terror

Opis:

Terrorism has become a global issue since the beginnings of the 21st century and it was to have been solved by countries which, at that time, had no experience in dealing with such criminal activity. There has been a very real sense of threat in many countries and, consequently, terrorism has become one of the most important problems for today’s world. It could be seen on many occasions that terrorism is an effective and ruthless way of causing physical damage and non-physical harm. Spreading fear among the general public has become one of the main objectives of terrorists and recent occurrences have clearly demonstrated that this is effective indeed. Taking such circumstances into account, it is hardly surprising that counter-terrorist activities are drawing more and more attention. Undoubtedly, continuous cooperation between countries on an international level for handling both global and regional threats is the most effective way of combating terrorism. As far as this is concerned, creating the relevant institutions over the course of many years is essential. The EU has long been trying to ensure conformity of the legal systems of its member states in order to make it possible to engage in efficient cooperation and to create a zone of safety and stability. However, it should be emphasized that there is still much to be done.

Źródło:

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje; 2017, 27; 258-271
2299-4033

Pojawia się w:

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Grexit as a Challenge to the European Integrity

Autorzy:

Gruszczyński, Krzysztof Jerzy

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861635.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie

Tematy:

Withdrawal from the European Union
accession negotiation

Opis:

The paper analyzes the prospect of Greece exit know as “Grexit” from EU, whereas the Treaties have a specific legal regime on withdrawing – Article 50 TEU which was added to the Treaties by the Treaty of Lisbon. It confirms the possibility to leave the EU that many (but not all) legal observers believed existed beforehand. No fully-fledged Member State has in fact left the EU before or after the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, although some parts of Member States have done so. Before the Treaty of Lisbon, this was accomplished by means of Treaty amendment. One of the important question is whether would it be possible for Greece to withdraw a notification to leave the EU? In the article an argument will be raised that other Member States and the EU institutions are arguably legally obliged to refuse debt relief for Greece, in accordance with the Treaties’ no bail-out rule.

Źródło:

Security Dimensions; 2016, 18(18); 164-189
2353-7000

Pojawia się w:

Security Dimensions

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Sposób podejścia do sfery kultury w stanowiskach Rady Unii Europejskiej
Approach to Culture in Positions of the Council of the European Union

Autorzy:

Burgoński, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558281.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie

Tematy:

Culture
Cultural Policy
European Union
Council of the European Union

Opis:

This article attempts to explain the understanding of culture which form the basis of the EU’s cultural policy as well as to present changes in that regard occurring along with the development of this policy. The research material consisted of common positions of the EU member states adopted during meetings of the Council of the European Union. The research was done using qualitative content anal sis. The most general conclusion from the research is that the basis of the EU’s cultural policy since the beginning of the researched period have consisted of two different approaches to culture in the EU: cultural unity and cultural diversity. Moreover, the creators of the EU’s cultural policy understood the role of culture in the integration process in four ways: as a non-instrumental value, a sociocreative factor, an economic factor as well as a factor enhancing the external relations of the EU. During the researched period we observed certain changes regarding the approach towards culture. They involved either changes within the already existing ideas or creating new concepts concerning the cultural sphere.

Źródło:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2017, 1; 159-176
1428-149X
2719-3780

Pojawia się w:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

Institutional organisation of the European Union in the time of crisis – horizontal division of power and functions

Autorzy:

Monika, Poboży,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894948.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-21

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

government of the European Union
legislative power
executive power
judicial power
separation of powers in the European Union

Opis:

The article poses a question about the existence of the rule of separation of powers in the EU institutional system, as it is suggested by the wording of the treaties. The analysis led to the conclusion, that in the EU institutional system there are three separated functions (powers) assigned to different institutions. The Council and the European Parliament are legislative powers, the Commission and the European Council create a “divided executive”. The Court of Justice is a judicial power. The above mentioned institutions gained strong position within their main functions (legislative, executive, judicial), but the proper mechanisms of checks and balances have not been developed, especially in the relations between legislative and executive power. These powers do not limit one another in the EU system. In the EU there are therefore three separated but arbitrary powers – because they do not limit and balance one another, and are not fully controlled by the member states.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2015, 4 (38); 54-66
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

From a Conflict to Normalization? The Politics and Government of Vladimír Mečiar and Mikulas Dzurinda in Slovakia Towards the Republic of Hungary in 1993–2002
Od konfliktu do normalizacji? Polityka rządów Vladimíra Mečiara i Mikuláša Dzurindy na Słowacji wobec Republiki Węgierskiej w latach 1993–2002.

Autorzy:

Żarna, Krzysztof

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167521.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011-08-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Slovakia
Hungary
the Hungarian minority
the European Union

Opis:

When analyzing the main problems in the bilateral Slovak-Hungarian relations in 1993–2002 it can be concluded that there were many barriers to an agreement in that period of time. Centuries-long Slovak dependence on Hungary increased the nationalistic tendencies among politicians and the Slovak society. Other factors that affected the mutual antipathy were provisions of the Treaty of Trianon, Benes Decrees, situation of Hungarian minority in Slovakia, the dispute over the dam on the Danube and the position of nationalist groups. The worst situation was during the rule of Vladimír Mečiar (1993–1998). This government’s actions met with a response from the Hungarian government, the European Union, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and the Council of Europe. The consequence of this policy was the fact that Slovakia was not invited to the summit in Luxembourg (1997) to start negotiations with the EU. Similar situation happened in the context of the entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): while the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary were invited to become member in Madrid in 1997, Slovakia remained as an outsider. Mečiar’s regime was also a period of crisis within the Visegrad Group which could have claimed to solve many bilateral issues. It would seem that after the elections in 1998 and the regime change in Slovakia it could come to the normalization of mutual relations. An important prerequisite for doing so was a coalition government, which included the Slovak Hungarians or with the establishment of a mixed commission to solve the most urgent problems. Both countries were forced to work together to achieve the priority in foreign policy, which was to enter the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. For this purpose, the cooperation within the Visegrad Group was renewed. The question is whether it was this factor that caused the normalization of relations? It seems not. Both countries achieved their primary goal, and this cooperation was necessary. It does not change the fact that also during the Dzurinda government, there have been many frictions no longer directly associated with the activities of the government in Bratislava, but rather with the burden of the past. Another aspect was Viktor Orban’s former government in Hungary and the position of the extreme nationalist political parties.
Analizując główne problemy w bilateralnych relacjach słowacko- -węgierskich w latach 1993–2002 można dojść do wniosku, że barier na drodze do porozumienia było w analizowanym okresie bardzo wiele. Wielowiekowa zależność Słowaków od Węgrów spowodowała wzrost tendencji nacjonalistycznych wśród polityków i społeczeństwa słowackiego. Kolejnymi czynnikami, które wpływały na wzajemną niechęć były postanowienia traktatu w Trianon, Dekrety Beneša , sytuacja mniejszości węgierskiej na Słowacji, spór wokół zapory wodnej na Dunaju oraz stanowisko ugrupowań nacjonalistycznych. Najgorzej sytuacja przedstawiała się w okresie rządów Vladimíra Mečiara (1993–1998). Działania tego rządu spotkały się z reakcją ze strony rządu węgierskiego a także Unii Europejskiej, Organizacji Bezpieczeństwa i Współpracy w Europie oraz Rady Europy. Konsekwencją tej polityki był fakt, że Słowacja nie została zaproszona podczas szczytu w Luksemburgu (1997 r.) do rozpoczęcia negocjacji akcesyjnych z UE. Podobnie sytuacja przedstawiała się w kontekście wejścia do Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego: podczas gdy Czechy, Polska i Węgry zostały zaproszone do członkowska w Madrycie w 1997 r., Słowacja pozostała na marginesie. Rządy Mečiara to również okres kryzysu Grupy Wyszehradzkiej w ramach której mogłoby dochodzić do rozwiązywania wielu problemów bilateralnych. Wydawać by się mogło, że po wyborach 1998 r. i zmianie rządów na Słowacji dojdzie do normalizacji we wzajemnych stosunkach. Ważną ku temu przesłanką był skład koalicji rządowej, gdzie znaleźli się słowaccy Węgrzy czy powołanie mieszanych komisji mających rozwiązać najbardziej palące problemy. Oba państwa zmuszone były do współdziałania w celu osiągnięcia priorytetów w polityce zagranicznej, jakimi była chęć wejścia do Unią Europejską i Sojuszem Północnoatlantyckim. W tym też celu odnowiono współpracę w ramach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Powstaje pytanie, czy był to ten czynnik, który spowodował normalizację wzajemnych stosunków? Wydaje się, że nie. Oba państwa osiągnęły swój najważniejszy cel i do tego niezbędna była współpraca. Nie zmienia to faktu, że również w okresie rządów Dzurindy dochodziło do wielu zadrażnień nie związanych już bezpośrednio z posunięciami rządu w Bratysławie, ale raczej obciążeniami z przeszłości. Kolejnym aspektem były rządy na Węgrzech Viktora Orbana oraz stanowisko skrajnie nacjonalistycznych partii politycznych.

Źródło:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2011, 30; 164-178
1505-2192

Pojawia się w:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

STANOWISKO PARLAMENTU EUROPEJSKIEGO WOBEC PROCESU STOWARZYSZENIOWEGO UKRAINY Z UNIĄ EUROPEJSKĄ
POSITION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT IN RELATION TO THE ASSOCIATION PROCESS OF UKRAINE WITH THE EU

Autorzy:

Staszczyk, Artur

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513684.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Tematy:

the European Parliament
the European Union
Ukraine
the Association Agreement

Opis:

The article discusses the role played by the European Parliament (EP) in the EU–Ukraine Association Agreement. The aim of this process is to establish a close and mutual political and economic cooperation on both sides. By stressing the importance of EP as the only EU body having democratic legitimacy, and thus defines itself as a „guardian of democracy” in the modern world, analyzing its position on the conclu-sion of an EU association agreement with Ukraine. It should be noted that the EP pays particular attention in the context of the association to the development of democracy in Ukraine and its respect of democratic standards. This authority recognizing the geopo-litical importance of Ukraine is in favour of deepening the EU’s cooperation with that country through the conclusion of an association agreement and calls for granting Ukraine a potential European perspective. However, what is worth noting the EP in numerous resolutions makes conditional the progress in the bringing Ukraine to the EU from the incorporation of the values defined as European (democracy, rule of law, protection of minorities etc.) by Kiev. Therefore, events that indicate a crisis of democ-racy in Ukraine pay such important matter for the European Parliament (e.g. the imprisonment of opposition politicians, including former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko) to which the authorities usually adopt a clearly negative position, often contrasting with more „balanced” opinions of other EU institutions.

Źródło:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2013, 11, 3; 100-119 (20)
1732-9639

Pojawia się w:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Russia and the European Union’s new member states: their cooperation and rivalry in the field of energy

Autorzy:

Gardocki, Sylwester

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025297.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

energy policies
Russia
the European Union
international relations

Opis:

Relations between Russia and the European Union are particularly important in the sphere of the production, transmission and use of energy resources as it is in this field where Russia possesses its key strategic assets, and the European Union heavily relies on supplies of oil and natural gas from this country. Russia wants to be perceived as a superpower by the European Union countries and believes that having such a status will contribute to its further progress. In order to accomplish this goal it should take advantage of its superior position in the field of power industry. In the past, both in the times of czarism and the Soviet Union, Imperial Russia built its status as a world power primarily by using its military potential to expand its territory. We compare this tradition to Russia’s present attitude, the latter is undoubtedly less dangerous and it may become the basis for mutually advantageous cooperation.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2011, 40; 173-210
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

Competitiveness of the European Union – expectations, reality and challenges towards 2020

Autorzy:

Tusińska, Magdalena

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420603.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie

Tematy:

competitiveness
Europe 2020
the European Union
economic governance

Opis:

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to document the performance of the EU and its Member States in the light of the Europe 2020 strategy, while also painting a broader picture of the context. Its purpose is not to strictly predict whether the 2020 targets will be reached, but also to consider the consequent circumstances. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The problem of this publication is the analysis of competitiveness of the EU and its Member States. The article uses traditional literature studies, as well as an analysis of documents, reports and statistics. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The line of reasoning consists of four sections. The opening one provides a concise overview of the key definitions. Subsequently, the post-crisis instruments of building competitiveness are discussed. The third section juxtaposes the Europe 2020 targets and reality. The last part includes a reflection on the current challenges concerned mainly existing division in the UE. RESEARCH RESULTS:  Despite of having new post-crisis competitiveness tools, some of the targets will not be achieved by 2020. Moreover, there are countries which have already over-performed, whereas some of the Member States significantly fall behind their targets. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The capacity to deal effectively with the implementation of necessary policies and reforms in the EU is not enough. Heterogeneity of the Member States involves not only the level of competitiveness, but can be considered in many aspects. The failures seem to be a result not only weak economic performances, but are also determined by the crisis of solidarity. Working on this challenge ought to involve a larger reflection on psychological aspects and how to bring citizens along on the next stages of the European (economic) integration process.

Źródło:

Horyzonty Polityki; 2016, 7, 21; 185-204
2082-5897

Pojawia się w:

Horyzonty Polityki

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

Impact of European Union programs on the activities of the Third Polish Republic’s Parliament in the field of sport in the years 2004-2007

Autorzy:

Nowak, Leonard
Nowak, Maria

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1339696.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego

Tematy:

Programs of the European Union
Polish Parliament
sport

Opis:

The aim of this paper is to show the impact of European Union programs on the activities of the Third Polish Republic’s Parliament in the field of sport in the years 2004-2007. The Republic of Poland joined the European Union (EU) on 1 May 2004. Since then, it has been co-creating the image of sport in Europe. All activities undertaken by the Polish Parliament in the development of sport after this event were related to programs in the European Union. During the period covered in this paper, the institutions involved in sport in the European Union included the Council of the European Union, the European Parliament, the European Commission and the European Court of Justice. One year after Poland’s accession to the European Union, elections were held for the fifth term of the Polish Sejm (2005-2007). The representatives of the Polish Parliament, during meetings of the Physical Culture and Sport Committee, repeatedly pointed to the possibility of adapting EU programs and their use in the development of sport in Poland. The material presented by the Ministry of Sport and the Office of the European Integration Committee in Warsaw informed about the following programs (mainly investment ones): Sport in the structures of the European Union and European Union Programs for the development of sport, implemented between 2004 and 2006. The most important issues raised by the Committee were those contained in the two most important documents: White Paper on Sport and Independent European Sport Review. As a result of the work of the Parliament of the Republic of Poland during the fifth term of office (2005-2007) in cooperation with the Ministry of Sport and the Parliamentary Physical Culture and Sport Committee, a plan for co-financing projects for the construction, extension or modernization of sports infrastructure under the EU structural programs and the INTERREG III A and EQUAL Community Initiatives was developed. The effect of Poland’s membership in the EU in that period was a gradual elimination of infrastructural negligence and undertaking activities related to the activation of local communities in the area of education and sport. Poland’s membership in the EU so far has brought positive results: increased accessibility of sport thanks to the development of regional infrastructure co-financed by the EU funds and the enrichment of the program offer by supporting projects related to the organization of extracurricular sports activities for children and young people. The positive effects of membership in the field of sport are still being perceived by selected groups and society as a whole.

Źródło:

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2021, 33, 1; 17-25
2300-9705
2353-2807

Pojawia się w:

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

ARABSKA WIOSNA, „ALGIERSKA ZIMA”. ANALIZA KAMPANII WYBORCZEJ W CZASIE WYBORÓW PREZYDENCKICH W ALGIERII (17.04.2014)
THE ARAB SPRING, “THE ALGERIAN WINTER”: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN DURING THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN ALGERIA (17.04.2014)

Autorzy:

Kobis, Rafał

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513106.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Tematy:

Algeria
elections
democracy
the European Union
“Arab Spring”

Opis:

Article aims to provide the reader with the specifics of non-European political sys-tems on the example of the presidential elections in Algeria. Although the election cam-paign alluded to Western standards, the election results confirmed the pre-election specu-lation. The unquestionable victory of the seventy-seven-year-old Abdelaziz Buteflika shows that power in Algeria is still in the hands of the old generation of politicians, harking back to the times of the War of Independence from the years 1954 to 1962. The article presents an analysis of the statements of the Constitution relating to the position of the President of the State, and a brief description of the current presidential elections in Algeria. It also presents the candidates and their manifestos in the campaign of 2014. The article ends with conclusions which show the internal and external factors affecting the stability of the Algerian political regime and examines the possible effects of the Bute-flika’s victory for security in the Mediterranean region and the European Union.

Źródło:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2015, 13, 1; 118-134 (17)
1732-9639

Pojawia się w:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

CITIZENSHIP, MIGRATION, AND THE NATION-STATE: EXPLORING UK POLICY RESPONSES TO ROMANIAN AND BULGARIAN MIGRATION

Autorzy:

Yang, Jenny

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594745.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

migration
immigration policy
United Kingdom
the European Union

Opis:

Since 2004, the UK has enjoyed a decade of experience in managing migration from EU8 countries. This time around, how well founded are the fears that 2014 will see another ‘flood’ of migrants, on par with levels experienced in 2004? This essay argues that EU2 migration, from Romania and Bulgaria, will not be a repeat of 2004. To begin, this paper will examine the reasons why there was a twenty-fold discrepancy between official estimates of expected migrants following the 2004 enlargement. Then, by using Poland as a case study of typical migration flows after the 2004 migration period, this paper will show that— contrary to predictions based on standard migration theory— mass migration outflows in 2004 is not a good predictor of events to come in 2014. Among other factors, given that those who wanted to migrate to the UK from Romania and Bulgaria already have migrated pre-accession and more countries opened their labour markets in 2014 than they did in 2004, the UK is not likely to see a mass influx of Romanian and Bulgarian migrants as it did with those of Polish origin in 2004. However, like Polish migration, Romanian and Bulgarian migration will tend to be more circular and ‘fluid’.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2014, 43; 64-83
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

EUROPA (BEZ) GRANIC? – PRZYSZŁOŚĆ STREFY SCHENGEN
EUROPE (WITHOUT) BORDERS? – THE FUTURE OF THE SCHENGEN AREA

Autorzy:

Cymbranowicz, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513496.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Tematy:

border
migration crisis
the Schengen area
the European Union

Opis:

The article ‘Europe (without) borders? – the future of the Schengen area’, is meant to join the public discourse concerning one of the biggest problems and challenges faced by the member states of the Schengen area in recent years. The aim of this article is to reflect on the future of the ‘Europe without borders’ project in the context of the migration processes that took place in Europe and the surrounding regions after 2015. Descriptive, comparative methods were used along with an analysis of available documents and source materials. In conclusion, the (un)controlled inflow of immigrants to Europe after 2015 clearly indicates that during the crisis, the current system of border protection did not pass the ‘test’ and the necessity of making systemic changes on a common Schengen forum became inevitable. Once again it turned out how true is an African proverb: ‘If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together’.

Źródło:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2019, 17, 2; 65-85 (21)
1732-9639

Pojawia się w:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Opinia prawna na temat wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej z 7 marca 2017 r. w sprawie prejudycjalnej C-390/15 RPO
Legal opinion concerning the judgement of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 7.05.2017 on a prejudicial matter C-390/15 RPO

Autorzy:

Dzwonkowski, Henryk

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215748.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

tax
Court of Justice of the European Union
European Union
VAT

Opis:

The opinion supports the Court’s decision that a different treatment of digital books supplied electronically and books supplied in tangible media is sufficiently justified and does not infringe the rule of neutrality and the rule of equal treatment. The judgement argues that to allow the Member States to apply for a diminished VAT rate to electronically supplied digital books would hamper the consistency of the Union’s aim to exclude all electronic services from the category which is subject to a diminished VAT rate. According to the author of the opinion, in the current state of matters, states are not legally allowed to engage in legislative activities with an aim to modify the way of taxation of e-publications

Źródło:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2017, 2(54); 97-110
1896-9852
2082-064X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

ECONOMIC CRITERIA OF CROATIA ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION

Autorzy:

Erdmańska, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450548.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego

Tematy:

Regional Economic Integration
the European Union Enlargement
Croatia

Opis:

The paper focuses on the economic criteria for the EU enlargement and Croatia’s present economic situation stated in The Croatia 2009 Progress Report. Additionally, it defines reasons for Croatia delay in becoming the EU member state.

Źródło:

International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE); 2010, 3, 1; 71-78
1308-2701

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE)

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

Administrative and environmental determinants of Agricultural Policy of the European Union
Administracyjne i środowiskowe uwarunkowania Polityki Rolnej Unii Europejskiej

Autorzy:

Jabłoński, Maciej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470640.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

The European Union
public administration
agriculture
environmental protection

Opis:

Development of Agricultural Policy of the European Union is a good example of historical and ideological changes that took place recently in Europe. At first largely socialist it has changed over the decades into a policy which promotes active participation. The increased spending on rural development has increased both awareness and, as a result, compliance with environmental standards.

Źródło:

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2013, 11, 2; 115-130
1733-1218

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

Organizacja administracji ochrony środowiska w Polsce i Unii Europejskiej
The organization of environmental protection administration in Poland and the European Union

Autorzy:

Jabłoński, Maciej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470743.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

environmental protection
administration
environmental safety
The European Union

Opis:

The organization of environmental protection in Poland and the European Union is a mutual connection of competencies and a correlation of systems and rights according to national and EU laws. The legal system of the EU is the result of decades of cooperation undertaken by the will of the Member States known as the acquis communautaire. EU law has primacy over national law, which in practice means that in the event of a conflict between the provisions of national law and EU law, the national law is deemed inapplicable and needs to be adjusted by the Member State.

Źródło:

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2014, 12, 2; 107-121
1733-1218

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Polish Information Policy Related to the European Union in 1989–2014

Autorzy:

Ogonowska, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419629.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie

Tematy:

Polska
information policy
information on the European Union

Opis:

This article is a summary of the information policy of the Polish government in matters related to the European Union in the years 1989–2014. It analyses the initial situation and the development of this policy, both before and after Poland’s accession to the European Union. It examines the bodies responsible for information activity, differences in information policy between the pre-accession and post-accession periods, objectives of the policy, its effi ciency, and its cooperation with the European Commission. It also examines the way Poland prepared information to introduce the euro.

Źródło:

Yearbook of Polish European Studies; 2015, 18; 267-296
1428-1503

Pojawia się w:

Yearbook of Polish European Studies

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Opinia prawna w sprawie wykładni art. 148c regulaminu Sejmu (zagadnienie tzw. zdań odrębnych do opinii uchwalanych przez Komisję ds. Unii Europejskiej)
Legal opinion on the interpretation of Article 148c of the Standing Orders of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (a dissenting voice to the opinion passed by the European Union Affairs Committee)

Autorzy:

Odrowąż‑Sypniewski, Wojciech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647711.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

Council of Ministers
Committee for the European Union

Opis:

This opinion concerns the possibility of appending a dissenting opinion to the opinion passed by the European Union Affairs Committee. The author claims that opinion of the Committee should be regarded as the position of the competent authority of the Sejm. Article 148c paragraph 2 defines the subject of a Committee opinion. The constitutive element of such opinion is an assessment of the position of the Council of Ministers, expressed in its acceptance or rejection by the Committee. The author stressed that Article 148c sets the subject of the opinion but does not provide possibility to attach dissenting opinions by the Committee members who are distancing themselves from the position adopted by the Committee.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2012, 3(35); 43-47
1896-9852
2082-064X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Separatisms in the Balkans

Autorzy:

Góra, Sylwia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34112012.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Tematy:

separatism
the Balkans
war
the Dayton Peace
the European Union

Opis:

The aim of the article is to analyze the separatist tendencies in the Balkans, which occurred after the end of the war in Yugoslavia, and reaching the Dayton Peace Agreement, in the light of international law. The article will present the most important antagonisms of ethnic character, which constitute examples of new generation of contemporary separatism: Serbian separatism in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a conflict with Albanian minority in Macedonia, Albanian-Serbian conflict in Kosovo. Separatisms in the Balkans pose a threat to the security and stability of the relations in Europe. While solving the research issue, the following research methods have been adopted: analysis, synthesis and case studies. The inquiry of the literature has enabled the confrontation of the author’s own reflections with present research findings. The structure of the article consists of 7 parts: “Introduction”, “The Balkan War”, “Bosnia and Herzegovina after Dayton”, “Macedonia (North Macedonia)”, “Montenegro”, “Kosovo”, and “Conclusions”.

Źródło:

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2020, 27, 2; 29-46
1428-9512
2300-7567

Pojawia się w:

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

O roli orzecznictwa TSUE w procesie harmonizacji prawa Unii Europejskiej z prawem krajowym
The role of the ECJ case-law in the process of harmonization of EU law with national law

Autorzy:

Będźmirowska, Paulina

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953043.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Temida 2

Tematy:

agricultural law
European Union law
the Court of Justice of the European Union

Opis:

Upon entry into force of the accession treaty, Poland – as a member state of the European Union – became bound by the body of EU law (the acquis communautaire), including its primary and secondary law as well as the interpretation of EU law contained in the Court of Justice of the European Union case-law. Due to a very close approximation of Polish legislation to EU law – resulting from the obligation to consider, employ, and apply in the process of implementing the former a number of EU legal acts, i.e. regulations, directives, as well as acts of soft law such as guidelines and recommendations that are not acts of common law – the problem of the scope of application of EU law within the Polish legal system has occurred; this problem, or a gap in the legal sense, has been addressed and resolved, to a large extent, by case-law of the CJEU.

Źródło:

Studia Iuridica Agraria; 2016, 14; 329-340
1642-0438

Pojawia się w:

Studia Iuridica Agraria

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

Klasyfikacje agencji zdecentralizowanych Unii Europejskiej
Classifications of decentralised agencies of the European Union

Autorzy:

Zieliński, Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046976.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-03-31

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II

Tematy:

Unia Europejska
agencje Unii Europejskiej
European Union
agencies of the European Union

Opis:

Prezentowany artykuł ma na celu dokonanie klasyfikacji agencji zdecentralizowanych Unii Europejskiej. Jako podstawy dokonania klasyfikacji przyjęto podejścia: temporalne, instrumentalne, strukturalne i funkcjonalne. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwala stwierdzić, że szereg klasyfikacji agencji (np. dokonana ze względu na charakter ich kompetencji) dowodzi, że agencje bardzo często wymykają się próbom ich klasyfikacji. W związku z tym Autor zauważa, że pomimo ich znacznej wartości dla lepszego zrozumienia oraz uporządkowania działalności agencji i funkcji przez nie wykonywanych, wszelkie ich klasyfikacje należy traktować z dużą ostrożnością.
The article aims to present the classifications of decentralised agencies of the European Union. As a basis for classifications the Author used temporal, instrumental, structural as well as functional approach. The analysis in this paper clearly shows, that some of the classification of the EU agencies (eg. instrumental classification), show that the EU agencies very often defy attempts to classify them. For this reason, the Author notes, that despite their value for better understanding and bringing structure and insight into the functioning of EU agencies, all their classifications should be treated with some caution.

Źródło:

Studia Prawnicze KUL; 2017, 1; 179-200
1897-7146
2719-4264

Pojawia się w:

Studia Prawnicze KUL

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Innovation activities of Polish firms. Multivariate analysis of the moderate innovator countries

Autorzy:

Zygmunt, Aleksandra

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18797226.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Instytut Badań Gospodarczych

Tematy:

innovation activities
firm
the European Union
moderate innovator countries

Opis:

Research background: The uncertainty in the environment and rapid changes have impact on firms, regions and countries. The necessity to adapt to new conditions requires a stimulation of actions aimed at enhancing competitiveness and economic growth. In this respect, the European Union strategy called Europe 2020 should be mentioned. Regarding the role of firms? innovation activities in economic growth of regions and countries, substantial im-portance was attached to how innovation activities of Polish firms differ from those from the other EU countries with a level of innovation similar to Poland. Here, a particular emphasis was put on Moderate Innovator countries. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to investigate Polish firms? innovation activities against those by other Moderate Innovator countries. Methodology: In the study a multivariate analysis and zero unitarization methods were applied. These methods allowed for a division of Moderate Innovator countries into four groups and for a multivariate analysis of firms? innovation activities in Poland and other EU countries with a level of innovation similar to Poland. The study was based on data from the European Innovation Scoreboard 2016 relating to dimensions of firm activities: firm in-vestments, linkage & entrepreneurship and intellectual assets. The study referred to the period 2008?2015. Findings & Value added: This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing new insight on understanding the issues related to firms? innovation activities. The analysis has revealed several conclusions. One of them indicated the highest distance of Polish firms to those from the other Moderate Innovator countries, in terms of SMEs innovating in-house, innovative SMEs collaborating with others and public-private co-publications. The findings have practical and policy implications. It is assumed that the obtained results may be useful for firms, regions and countries in adaptation to uncertainty in the environment and, therefore, in maintaining  competitive advantage capacity.

Źródło:

Oeconomia Copernicana; 2017, 8, 4; 505-521
2083-1277

Pojawia się w:

Oeconomia Copernicana

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

THE ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENON OF SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION OF INDICES OF AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT

Autorzy:

Tłuczak, Agnieszka

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453219.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki

Tematy:

spatial autocorrelation
indices of agricultural output
the European Union

Opis:

The agricultural production depends on natural and economic conditions. Weak environmental conditions could be compensated by using the high technology, which requires capital. The agricultural production should evolve in a similar way in countries with similar natural conditions, i.e. spatial autocorrelation should take place. The aim of this article is to present the spatial autocorrelation of indices of agricultural output. The local and global I Moran's statistics were used and the changes in the dynamics of agricultural production in the EU in 2010-2011 were presented.

Źródło:

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2013, 14, 2; 251-260
2082-792X

Pojawia się w:

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

Marriage, divorce and economic growth
Małżeństwa, rozwody i wzrost gospodarczy

Autorzy:

Baranowski, Paweł
Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653098.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Tematy:

divorce rate
economic growth
the European Union
social capital

Opis:

The aim of the study is to estimate the impact of the so-called family social capital (family ties capital) on economic growth. We hypothesise that marital dissolution expresses decrease in the capacity for cooperation, collaboration and sharing responsibility not only within the family but also on a professional level. Thus, an increase in the divorce to marriage rate is accompanied by a slowdown in economic growth. The divorce rate is regarded here as an indirect cause of the slowdown. The reasons stem from the breakdown of cooperation and collaboration, as well as increased risk, trust reduction, and the shortening of the decision-making time horizon accompanying divorces and resulting from divorces. These phenomena directly affect the working members of the family in which a divorce takes place. According to the main hypothesis, their impact is transferred to professional life and concerns employee teams. For the study, we employ econometric models, the first one for Poland and the second for 15 European Union countries, for the period 1993–2017.

Źródło:

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2019, 22, 1; 53-67
1899-2226
2353-4869

Pojawia się w:

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

The role of the European Union and democratisation process in post-communist Romania

Autorzy:

Bharti, Mukesh Shankar

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233972.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-03-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

The European Union
Eastern Europe
Romania
Democratisation
Institutions
Communism

Opis:

The fall of Communism in the Central and Eastern European countries in the year 1989, was a historical change had occurred after the demise of communism. The decline of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 was one of the most important proceedings of the period: the conclusive end of the Cold War and the Iron Curtain. After the disintegration of the former USSR, the Eastern bloc had started the modernisation of institutions and adopted the norms of democracy. The third wave of democratisation of Samuel P. Huntington’s theory would apply the democratic changes in Central and Eastern Europe and Romania as well. It traces the discussions and opinions of institutional and political development in Romania with special attention to the events around 1989 Post-communism and Eastern enlargement of the European Union. The paper assesses the role of the European Union to promote democratization through Eastern neighbour policy. The paper broadly discusses the institutional and political development in Romania and the role of Copenhagen criteria and the country’s accession to the EU in early 2007. The result of this article is that Romania has successfully integrated into the European Union but that democratization is declining in the country.

Źródło:

Reality of Politics; 2023, 23; 7-33
2082-3959

Pojawia się w:

Reality of Politics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Przemysł 4.0 w Unii Europejskiej
The European Unions Approach to Industry 4.0

Autorzy:

Grabowska, Marta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558135.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie

Tematy:

Industry 4.0
European Union
Industry
Industrial Policy in the European Union

Opis:

The aim of this paper is to present the European Union’s (EU) approach to Industry 4.0. In order to do this the term “four industrial revolutions” is defined first. The Industry 4.0 development has been made possible as a result of Internet and other ICT technologies which were developed in the late-20th and early-1st centuries and which are described here The concept of Industry 4.0 originated in Germany, where it brought a new way of organising industry. This idea has since spread around the world. To present the overview of Industry 4.0 in the EU the term “industry” is defined and its place within international classifications of economic activities shown. EU industrial policy is briefly described to make clear that industry is a subject of European competition law and, in fact, industry must cope with the transformation itself. However, there are many ways to support this process but mainly on three levels: national, regional and European. This is the subject of further discussion in this paper. European countries and regions are creating plans to foster the developments of this form of industry – something which is expected to increase industrial efficiency by around 30%. The EU is strongly supporting this process. So far the development of Industry 4.0 has been most advanced in Europe. The paper concludes with a brief comparison of developments with the US and China.

Źródło:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 3; 257-279
1428-149X
2719-3780

Pojawia się w:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Proces rozszerzenia Unii Europejskiej jako cel operacyjny polskiej prezydencji w Radzie Unii Europejskiej
The European Union enlargement process as an operational objective of the Polish Presidency in the Council of the European Union

Autorzy:

Węc, Janusz Józef

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506358.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego

Tematy:

European Union
European integration
Polish Presidency of the EU Council
The European Union enlargement process

Opis:

On balance the performance of the first Polish EU Council Presidency in the matter of the enlargement process of the European Union seems to be positive. The Polish Presidency effectively implemented the five main functions of a Presidency: the agenda-setting, brokerage, management, coordination and internal representation in the contacts with the governments of member states and the institutions of the European Union. The most important aspect was that it managed to implement almost all the operational objectives typically required for the enlargement process. Despite the objections and doubts expressed by the governments of many member states, conditioned mainly by the debt crisis of the Eurozone and the need for internal and external consolidation of the European Union, the Polish Presidency managed to maintain the concept of enlargement as an important element on the EU’s agenda. On 5 December 2011, on the initiative of the Polish Presidency, the General Affairs Council agreed a new approach to the accession negotiations involving the earliest possible opening of the most contentious negotiation chapters, including fundamental rights and policies pertaining to the area of freedom, security and justice. Employing the agenda-setting function, the Polish Presidency was the co-author of the Group Presidency programme and the author of the country’s Presidency programme and both documents provided the foundation for Poland’s activity in the process of enlargement of the European Union. The most important achievements of the Polish Presidency resulting from the implementation of the brokerage, coordination and management functions concerned Croatia, Iceland, Serbia and Montenegro. The Polish government finalised the work on the text of the accession treaty with Croatia and brought about the signing of the treaty on 9 December 2011. It also accepted the agreements referring to the status of Croatia in the transition period; that is, until the treaty becomes fully effective. The Polish Presidency also gave a significant impetus to the accession negotiations with Iceland, by opening seven negotiation chapters and concluding six. The achievement of the Polish Presidency towards the endeavours of the countries of the Western Balkans to gain accession to the European Union was the opening of procedures leading to Serbia being granted candidate country status, although the formal decision was taken on 28 February 2012 by the General Affairs Council under the chairmanship of the Danish Presidency. In addition, the politically crucial enlargement conclusions of the General Affairs Council for Montenegro, on the basis of which the European Council announced that a decision would be taken on the commencement of accession negotiations in June 2012, were achieved during the Polish Presidency. Taking into account that some member states were critical of the steps taken to normalise relationships between Serbia and Kosovo, the balanced conclusions of the Council, in the part referring to Serbia, should also be taken as a success for the Polish Presidency. Although the Polish Presidency suffered a few failures it is worth emphasising that they resulted mainly from the attitude of other member states such as Greece or the negligence of the third party countries in the enlargement process – in the cases of Turkey, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo. The Polish government, like the others since 2009, failed to overcome the opposition of Greece to the commencement of accession negotiations with Macedonia, although other member states fully supported the concept. The Polish Presidency, like the Belgian and Hungarian Presidencies, was unable to open any new chapter in the accession negotiations with Turkey. However, the reasons were the lack of progress in the implementation of the process of reforms by the Turkish government, the still unsolved controversial issues with Cyprus, the growing assertiveness of Turkey in the foreign policy arena and the unfavourable attitude towards the accession of Turkey to the Union by some member states. Nonetheless, the Polish Presidency achieved an agreement with other member states for a positive agenda in the relations between the Union and Turkey, which led to a relatively balanced text relating to Turkey in the conclusions of the General Affairs Council on 5 December 2011. The reason for the lack of achievement in the enlargement process with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo was the limited progress in fulfilling the Copenhagen criteria made by these countries. Therefore, these countries still remain only as states which aspire to be members of the European Union. Balancing all the stated successes and failures it should be emphasised that the Polish Presidency gave new impetus to the enlargement process of the European Union. This was visible in the proposal by the Polish government and its acceptance by the General Affairs Council of a new methodology for conducting future accession negotiations, the significant advancement of the accession negotiations with Iceland, the opening of the procedure for granting candidate country status to Serbia and establishing the political requirements for the commencement of accession negotiations with Montenegro. In addition, the Polish government signed the accession treaty with Croatia and accepted the agreements regarding the country’s status in its relationships with the European Union in the transition period until the accession treaty is fully implemented.

Źródło:

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2013, 4; 73-87
1733-2680
2451-0610

Pojawia się w:

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

Pakiet „Czysta energia dla wszystkich Europejczyków” – nowa inicjatywa w dziedzinie unijnej polityki energetycznej
The “Clean Energy for all Europeans” – a new proposal in the field of EU energy policy

Autorzy:

Sobolewski, Mirosław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11541708.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

energy policy of the European Union
the EU winter package
Energy Union

Opis:

The “Clean Energy for all Europeans” package (so called “winter package”) presented by the European Commission in November 2016 aims at reforming some of the central pieces of EU energy legislation. New measures proposed are to increase energy efficiency, boost renewable energy usage, reform the European energy market, introduce new governance measures for the Energy Union, and support clean energy innovation. This article gives an overview of the package and presents some initial thoughts on its significance for the Polish energy policy and energy market transformation.

Źródło:

Studia BAS; 2017, 3(51); 115-135
2080-2404
2082-0658

Pojawia się w:

Studia BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Programy pomocowe dla Romów – nadzieje na zmiany czy zmarnowana szansa?

Autorzy:

Talewicz-Kwiatkowska, Joanna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640288.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Tematy:

The Roma
Gypsies
the European Union
structural funds
ethnic minority

Opis:

Aid Funds for the Roma Population – hopes for change or wasted Chance?The Roma in Poland consist of thirty thousand people and they were granted the ethnic minority status in 2005. Although they have been present in Poland since 15th century, the society still feels rather ambivalent about them. On the one hand they amaze, fascinate and intrigue others with their dissimilarity, on the other hand they scare and repel the non-Roma because of their lifestyle and perception of reality which is contradictory to the commonly respected norms. The stereotypes and myths concerning this community have had a long history and are deeply rooted. That’s why a change of the image and the improvement of the difficult social situation of the Roma seems to be a very grueling, hard or even impossible task. Nevertheless, since 2004, when Poland became a member of the European Union, one has been able to use the tools to do so – thanks to the financial resources from EU’s budget. The main purpose of my article was to analyze the influence of EU’s financial activity till 2010 on the social situation of the Roma people in Poland, particularly in the area of education, labour market, social situation and culture.

Źródło:

Zarządzanie w Kulturze; 2012, 13, 2
2084-3976

Pojawia się w:

Zarządzanie w Kulturze

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Participation in The Process of European Integrationas a Means of Cooperation of The Holy Seewith International Organisations

Autorzy:

Wielgosz, Maria Aleksandra

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1195147.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II

Tematy:

The Holy See
EU
European integration
Holy See and the European Union

Opis:

A dynamic development of politics and international European relations makes the analysis of them considerably more difficult. Current research and analytical interest in it concentrates on the process of so-called European integration. The European Union is an epitome of a specific vision of humanity and a model of a society having a specific attitude towards certain values, in particular: systems of protecting human rights, respect for religious and cultural differences and dynamic economic development. The Holy See is not only a passive onlooker of civilisation changes. Concern for common welfare and peace keeping between particular nations was, is and always will be its priority. That is why it undertakes various forms of cooperation with international organisations. One of them is an eager interest and participation in European integration processes. The key and universal value connecting international organisations and the Holy See is still an inborn human dignity, which unites integration urge of many nations.

Źródło:

Review of European and Comparative Law; 2016, 24, 1; 101-117
2545-384X

Pojawia się w:

Review of European and Comparative Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

Nowa Strategia Lizbońska po roku 2010 : konsultacje regionalne
New Lisbon Strategy after 2020 – regional consultations

Autorzy:

Sulmicka, Małgorzata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/460838.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009-12

Wydawca:

Mazowieckie Biuro Planowania Regionalnego w Warszawie

Tematy:

Unia Europejska
rozwój regionalny
The European Union
regional development

Opis:

Wiosenny szczyt Rady Europejskiej w 2010 roku ma przyjąć nową europejską strategię rozwoju, która zastąpi kończącą się właśnie, uchwaloną w 2000 roku, Strategię Lizbońską. Artykuł przedstawia wyniki konsultacji na temat przyszłości Strategii Lizbońskiej po 2010 roku, przeprowadzonych przez europejski Komitet Regionów wśród przedstawicieli regionalnych i lokalnych władz krajów członkowskich UE. Większość respondentów uznała, że SL wniosła wartość dodaną zarówno na poziomie UE, jak i krajów członkowskich. Strategia odegrała bardzo istotną rolę, zwłaszcza w uświadomieniu potrzeby reform strukturalnych, niezbędnych dla stawienia czoła wyzwaniom, przed którymi stanęła UE w dobie globalizacji. Zarazem konsultacje ujawniły silny krytycyzm regionalnych i lokalnych władz, dotyczący sposobu wdrażania strategii. Uznano, że wielopoziomowe zarządzanie wymaga, aby regionalne i lokalne władze były w pełni włączone w tworzenie i implementację nowej strategii. Najczęściej wymieniane przez regionalnych i lokalnych respondentów propozycje obszarów priorytetowych, które powinny znaleźć się w nowej strategii rozwoju Unii Europejskiej to: bezpieczeństwo energetyczne, trwały i zrównoważony rozwój, jakość życia i spójność społeczna, polityka innowacyjna, stabilność finansowa, imigracja. Powszechnie twierdzono, iż nowa strategia powinna być monitorowana w oparciu o szerszy zestaw wskaźników, zwłaszcza w wymiarze społecznym i środowiskowym. Respondenci postulowali też poprawę komunikacji strategii, w co w większym stopniu powinny być włączone władze lokalne i regionalne. Choć konkurencyjność i spójność postrzegane są przez wszystkich respondentów jako kluczowe kategorie związane z koncepcją agendy lizbońskiej, poglądy na temat właściwego sposobu prowadzenia polityk w tych obszarach i ich hierarchii różnią się. Jakkolwiek większość respondentów, rozumiejąc silne wzajemne interakcje między konkurencyjnością i spójnością, widzi konieczność prowadzenia polityk, które zarazem wzmacniają konkurencyjność, jak i chronią, i wspomagają spójność. Jedną z przyczyn trudności w realizacji SL był fakt, iż szereg polityk, istotnych dla jej powodzenia, leży w gestii krajów członkowskich. Ta sytuacja może w przyszłości częściowo ulec zmianie wraz z wejściem w życie Traktatu Lizbońskiego, wprowadzającego nowe mechanizmy i instrumenty koordynacji unijnych polityk.
The 2010 Spring European Council is due to adopt a new European strategy to follow the Lisbon Strategy launched in 2000 and coming to an end in 2010. The paper presents the outcome of the Committee of the Regions’ (CoR) consultations with European regional and local authorities concerning the future of the Lisbon Strategy after 2010. According to the great majority of respondents, the Lisbon Strategy brought added value to the European Union. It served to increase awareness of the need of structural reforms in the EU in order to face internal and external challenges, particularly globalization. On the other hand, there is much criticism concerning the implementation of the Strategy. Local and regional authorities should be fully involved in designing the new strategy and its implementation, thus applying multilevel governance. The most frequently mentioned priorities of the new strategy were: energy security, sustainability (especially „green innovation” and „smart investments”), quality of life an social inclusion, innovation policy, financial stability and immigration. There is a broad consensus that the new strategy should be monitored by a broader set of indicators, especially in the social dimension and concerning the environment. Respondents call for a more effective communication strategy, involving regional and local authorities, to promote the key messages of the new Strategy. Although competitiveness and cohesion are seen by all respondents as key Lisbon-related concepts, their views differ on their hierarchy and the proper policy approach. The majority of respondents recognize strong interactions between competitiveness and cohesion and feel that there is the need of simultaneous actions that would enhance competitiveness while preserving social cohesion. One of the reasons for which the Lisbon Strategy failed to deliver the expected results was that many policies important for its success remained in the jurisdiction of member states’ governments. This can be partially changed in the future, as the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty means that new mechanisms and instruments of coordination for EU polices will be available.

Źródło:

MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne; 2009, 3; 29-40
1689-4774

Pojawia się w:

MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

Euroregiony a cyfryzacja
The Euroregion vs. the digitization

Autorzy:

Greta, Marianna
Tomczak-Woźniak, Ewa

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/548913.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Tematy:

cyfryzacja
euroregion
Unia Europejska
digitization
Euroregion
the European Union

Opis:

Opracowanie zgodnie z tytułem stanowić będzie prezentację wniosków z rozważań nt. potencjalnego wpływu funkcjonowania euroregionu na poziom cyfryzacji w regionach nim objętych. Euroregiony to peryferyjne względem ośrodków wzrostu obszary UE, do których skierowany jest m.in. nowy program unijny „Łącząc Europę”. Program ten ma trzy składowe: e-energia, e-transport i e-cyfryzacja. Założeniem Strategii Europa 2020 jest zbliżenie najbardziej odległych regionów do „serca” UE, czemu służyć ma instrument „Łącząc Europę”, w szczególności element cyfryzacji (w tym Internet szerokopasmowy). W opracowaniu autorzy podejmą próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakich korzyści wykorzystania tych instrumentów można się spodziewać w euroregionach obejmujących polskie obszary.
The study according to the title will constitute the presentation of conclusions from discussions on the potential impact of functioning of the Euroregion to the level of the digitization in regions they embrace. Euroregions are peripheral areas regarding to centres of the growth to which the new EU program Connecting Europe Facility is directed. This program has three elements: e-energy, e-transport and the e-digitization. The aim of the Strategy Europe 2020 is „bringing closer” the most distant regions to EU’s “hearts” and the Connecting Europe Facility serves this purpose, in particular the element of the digitization (including the broadband Internet). In the study Authors will make an attempt to find the answer to a question of what effects of using these instruments it is possible to expect in Euroregions spreading through Polish areas.

Źródło:

Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2018, 53; 98-109
1898-5084
2658-0780

Pojawia się w:

Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Bałtycka „zimna wojna”. Możliwe reakcje NATO i UE na rosyjską aktywność militarną na akwenie bałtyckim.
Baltic „Cold War”. Possible NATO’s and UE responses for Russian military activity at the Baltic Sea.

Autorzy:

Mickiewicz, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505168.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego

Tematy:

Baltic Sea
Russian national interests
NATO
The European Union

Opis:

Baltic Sea, as an area of strategic importance for Russia’s policy toward Europe, has become a place of showcase of Russia’s military might. Its primary purpose is to show the international community the level of determination Russian authorities express to make national interests of the Federation included in the global politics. The number of incidents which cannot be a ground for military action on a larger scale – even according to Russian conventions – requires a politico-military response by regional supranational organizations. The response should take the form of smart-power strategies and the formula of military involvement must go beyond purely defensive action in response to enemy action. Hence, it is necessary to determine the scope of comprehensive EU and NATO operations (due to the need to protect the territorial sovereignty of Sweden and Finland) to offset the forms of Russian incidental activities in a way that does not elevate political tension in the region. Such a reaction is possible through effective impact on forms of activities on the waters of the Baltic Sea, which are important for Russia, notably shipping. The European Union, and the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) in particular, has appropriate instruments to create an effective impact. On the other hand, the role of the North Atlantic Treaty should be to prepare and conduct systematic and comprehensive operations which limit the possibility of encroaching on the treaty territory and protect the member states against Russia applying instruments of hybrid war.

Źródło:

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2015, 2; 57-70
1733-2680
2451-0610

Pojawia się w:

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

PROBLEM MIGRACJI W STOSUNKACH MIĘDZY TURCJĄ A UNIĄ EUROPEJSKĄ
THE PROBLEM OF MIGRATION IN RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND THE EUROPEAN UNION

Autorzy:

Gąsior-Niemiec, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513630.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Tematy:

migration
migration system,
Turkey
the European Union
accession
negotiations

Opis:

The paper is focused on migration as one of the major issues that determine relations, including accession negotiations, between the European Union and Turkey. In spite of the dominant anti-Turkish discourse across the EU, the Author points out several historical and current phenomena that have resulted in building a complex migration system between the two geographical areas. The migration flows within the migration system are shown to have occurred in both directions. Both advantages and disadvantages of the flows are selectively discussed. Finally, based on demographic forecasts, economic prognoses and current migration statistics in Europe, the paper hypothesizes that in the future the much feared inflows of the Turks to the EU might be balanced, if not surpassed, by outflows of both the former Turkish immigrants and “native” Europeans from Europe to Turkey.

Źródło:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2012, 10; 19-31 (13)
1732-9639

Pojawia się w:

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

Macroeconomic factors of economic growth in the European Union in 2000-2016: A multidimensional analysis

Autorzy:

Batóg, Jacek
Batóg, Barbara

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/424879.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Tematy:

economic growth
discriminant analysis
the European Union
economic crisis

Opis:

The creation of an effective growth policy requires the identification of its key determinants. The study used one of the methods of multidimensional analysis – discriminant analysis. It is widely used on a microeconomic scale, especially in the area of forecasting bankruptcy of enterprises, but in the area of economic growth, it has not been used in practice so far. In addition to the main objective of identifying the most important economic growth factors of the European Union countries in 2000- 2016, the impact of the crisis and accession to the EU was examined. The statistical data sources were the databases of Eurostat and the Conference Board (Total Economy Database). The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the rate of Gross Domestic Product growth in the EU countries was determined by consumption, investment, export and labour productivity, and in periods of economic slowdown also public debt. The enlargement of the EU resulted in an increase in the importance of export.

Źródło:

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2019, 23, 3; 1-14
1507-3866

Pojawia się w:

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Analysis of happiness in EU countries using the multi-model classification based on models of symbolic data

Autorzy:

Pełka, Marcin

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/425036.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Tematy:

happiness
the European Union
symbolic data analysis
ensemble clustering

Opis:

The results of happiness analysis are presented in the form of a World Happiness Report that covers 156 countries and 17 different indicators. In the article model-based clustering ensemble is built to determine what selected European countries have similar patterns of happiness. The results are analyzed using multidimensional scaling and a decision tree to find out what factors determine cluster memberships. In the empirical part, three clusters were detected The first contains countries: Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. They have the highest values for all the variables, except the negative affect. The second cluster contains seven countries: Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. This cluster is also the most homogeneous one. The third cluster contains eight countries: Cyprus, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain.

Źródło:

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2019, 23, 3; 15-25
1507-3866

Pojawia się w:

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Wybrane konteksty edukacji europejskiej w Wielkiej Brytanii i Polsce. Próba porównania

Autorzy:

Hejwosz-Gromkowska, Daria

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951756.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Brexit
citizenship education
Polska
United Kingdom
the European Union

Opis:

Europeanism exceeds the political and social mindset, it also provides the way of thinking about Europe, the Europeans, their identity, culture and homogeneity, which is paradoxically constituted on the basis of heterogeneity (“unity in diversity”). One may distinguishes two contrary approaches towards the UE: Euroscepticism and Euroenthusiasm The first orientation is very vivid in the British society and it is reflected not only in the words of politicians but also in the mood of the nation, expressed in the Brexit referendum. The latter orientation is common among Poles who enjoy the privilege of joining to the exclusive club. The European and citizenship education reflect these antagonistic approaches. The aim of the paper is an attempt to reconstruct and analyse the contemporary debate on citizenship education in the perspective of European Union. The analyse of educational trends about Europe and Europeanism is significant if Brexit is taking into the consideration.

Źródło:

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja; 2016, 10, 2; 259-280
2300-0422

Pojawia się w:

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

The European Union and Cultural, Economic and Political Development of Minority in Central and Eastern Europe

Autorzy:

Bharti, Mukesh Shankar

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030722.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-03-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

The European Union
Minority
Social
Cultural
Politics
East Europe

Opis:

This article aims to present the positions of minorities in Central and Eastern Europe since 1990. The analysis concentrates on relations between the various cultural and minorities group. The main outline is the concepts of minority rights and their multi-dimensional development of linguistic minorities and social development. There is a broad description of the social development of Roma in Central and Eastern Europe. Eastern European democracy promoters have made extensive use of their bilateral diplomatic channels to allow democratization laggards in the post-communist space a glimpse of what democracy looks like close to home and to give them encouragement and know-how to move forward with reforms.

Źródło:

Reality of Politics; 2022, 19; 25-53
2082-3959

Pojawia się w:

Reality of Politics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 51.

Tytuł:

Dysfunkcje projektów unijnych na przykładzie przedsiębiorstw funkcjonujących w województwie kujawsko-pomorskim
Dysfunctions of EU projects on the example of companies operating in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie

Autorzy:

Janicki, Tomasz
Popławski, Wojciech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/586311.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach

Tematy:

Dysfunkcje
Projekt
Unia Europejska
Dysfunctions
Project
The European Union

Opis:

Fundusze unijne, wykorzystywane najczęściej pod postacią projektów, traktowane są przez wiele organizacji jako dodatkowe źródło kapitału. Ich pozyskanie, choć często niełatwe, może wiązać się z wieloma korzyściami, jak również niepożądanym oddziaływaniem. Artykuł skupia się więc na negatywnym wpływie projektów unijnych na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstw, czyli tematyce rzadko podejmowanej przez literaturę fachową w tym zakresie. Tekst opisuje najczęściej spotykane dysfunkcje projektów unijnych oraz stara się wykazać przyczyny leżące u podstaw ich występowania.
EU funds are often used in the form of projects and are considered by many organizations as an additional source of capital. Their acquisition may involve a number of benefits, as well as undesirable impacts. The article focuses on the negative impact of the EU projects for the companies. This subject is rarely taken by the professional literature in this field. The text describes the most common dysfunctions of EU projects and indicate the reasons for their occurrence.

Źródło:

Studia Ekonomiczne; 2016, 283; 44-60
2083-8611

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ekonomiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 52.

Tytuł:

Czy unia fiskalna w obrębie Unii Europejskiej jest możliwa – wnioski z kryzysu
Is a Fiscal Union Within the European Union Possible? Conclusions Based on the Economic Crisis

Autorzy:

Stabryła-Chudzio, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956884.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

fiscal union
the European Union budget
stability bonds
excessive deficit procedure

Opis:

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to find an answer to the question whether the European Union, and especially the countries that are full members of the Economic and Monetary Union, are able to reach a common solution in fiscal policy, which may result in a further deepening of integration processes. Methodology: The article is based on literature, legislation and documents, reports and accounts of the institutions and bodies of the EU. The paper presents an analysis of the current situation within the European Union on fiscal consolidation, the theoretical format of the fiscal union and the range of possible functions of common bonds and consequences of the issue (in the context of sharing risk between the issuers, and thus – the impact on fiscal discipline), and finally, the role of the disintegrative processes in the context of public finance. Findings: So far, the common legislation to restore budgetary balance was broadly implemented, however, it is too early to say whether specific rules will translate into action of public authorities. When it comes to issues indicating the deepening of integration, it is difficult to note the political consensus in this regard. The proposal for creating a new budget only for the eurozone countries seems to be far-reaching. Research implications: This paper may be a contribution to the further discussion on the future of the European Union, especially in the context of fiscal policy. Originality: The author presents her findings and thoughts on current events in the financial integration within the European Union on the basis of documents of the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the President of the European Council and the European Economic and Social Committee.

Źródło:

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe; 2013, 21, 2(121); 170-185
2084-3356

Pojawia się w:

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 53.

Tytuł:

The Determinants of the Polish Presidency in the EU – 2011
Uwarunkowania polskiej prezydencji w Unii Europejskiej w 2011 r.

Autorzy:

Master, Beata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168180.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011-06-30

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

presidency
Treaty of Lisbon
Poland in the European Union
European integration

Opis:

Chairing the Council of the European Union underlines the importance of the state in integrated Europe. However, the recent amendments to the Treaty have given rise to significant changes in the functioning of this institution. Our understanding of this concept as well as of its functions and methods has changed. This is particularly important for Poland, which in July 2011 will take over the half year presidency. The new conditions of operation pose both opportunities and challenges. This article presents the model of the Presidency and its role both before the Treaty of Lisbon and immediately after it. It also discusses the ability of countries holding presidency, especially Poland, to handle these changes. The author examines the conditions, strengths and weaknesses of Poland with respect to exercising this function.
Prezydencja w Unii Europejskiej podkreśla i wyróżnia znaczenie państwa w zintegrowanej Europie. Niemniej, ostatnie zmiany traktatowe pociągnęły za sobą dość istotne zmiany w funkcjonowaniu tej instytucji. Zmianie uległo samo rozumienie tego pojęcia, jej funkcje i metody działania, a to także wpłynęło bezpośrednio na kształt modeli. Jest to szczególnie ważne dla Polski, która w lipcu 2011 roku przejmie na pół roku przewodnictwo w Radzie. Nowe warunki działania stanowią zarówno szansę, jak i wyzwanie. Artykuł przybliża oblicze prezydencji i jej roli zarówno przed Traktatem z Lizbony, jak i bezpośrednio po nim oraz bada możliwości działania, jakie po tych zmianach stoją przed państwami sprawującymi prezydencję, w tym przede wszystkim Polską. Autorka analizuje uwarunkowania, mocne i słabe strony tego państwa oraz ocenia proces przygotowań do sprawowania tej funkcji.

Źródło:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2011, 29; 199-224
1505-2192

Pojawia się w:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 54.

Tytuł:

Droga Unii Europejskiej do utworzenia federacji
The European Union’s way to create a federation

Autorzy:

Dahl, Martin
Kuba, Agnieszka

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451799.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie

Tematy:

the European Union
European integration
federalism
the political system of the European Union
the eurozone
Unia Europejska
integracja europejska
federalizm
system polityczny Unii Europejskiej strefa euro

Opis:

Does the European Union will become a federation? This question rankle many scientists, politicians, and especially citizens of countries belonging to the European Union. At the same time it should be noted that the process of European integration from the beginning were focused to create a political union. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present the way of the Member States of the European Union towards the establishment of a federal state. The article is a theoretical analysis of selected books, articles and Internet sources. It consists of three parts. In the first, the authors analyze the current political system of the European Union. In the second, they represent the perspective of the evolution of the political system of the European Union in the coming years. In the third part, they are trying to prove that the federation would be the optimal political system for countries belonging to the European Union.
Czy Unia Europejska w przyszłości stanie się federacją? Pytanie to nurtuje licznych badaczy, polityków, a zwłaszcza obywateli państw należących do Unii Europejskiej. Przy czym należy zauważyć, że proces integracji europejskiej od samego początku zmierzał do utworzenia unii politycznej. W związku z powyższym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie drogi państw wchodzących w skład Unii Europejskiej zmierzającej do utworzenia państwa federalnego. Czy Unia Europejska w przyszłości stanie się federacją? Pytanie to nurtuje licznych badaczy, polityków, a zwłaszcza obywateli państw należących do Unii Europejskiej. Przy czym należy zauważyć, że proces integracji europejskiej od samego początku zmierzał do utworzenia unii politycznej. W związku z powyższym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie drogi państw wchodzących w skład Unii Europejskiej zmierzającej do utworzenia państwa federalnego.

Źródło:

Journal of Modern Science; 2016, 31, 4; 217-236
1734-2031

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Modern Science

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 55.

Tytuł:

GLOSSARY TO THE JUDGMENT OF THE COURT OF JUSTISE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION C-638/16 X AND X V ÉTAT BELGE

Autorzy:

Shulha, Aliaksei

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915820.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II

Tematy:

humanitarian visa
international protection
European Union
Court of Justice fo the European Union

Opis:

The subject of the glossary is to consider certain aspects concerning issuing of humanitarian visas . Its aim is to demonstrate the need for humanitarian visas in order to allow individuals to cross the external borders of the European Union in hopes of protection in one of its Member States . The prohibition of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment derives from the European Union and inter-national law . It confirms the importance of granting international protection to foreigners and accessibility to this procedure . This article is generally based on the Advocate General’s opinion and the judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in case C-638/16 X and X v État belge . It is also noted that the Court did not comply with the recommendations of the Advocate General . The arguments used in this article are to show that people in need of international protection should be able to apply for a humanitarian visa under European Union and international law

Źródło:

Review of European and Comparative Law; 2017, 29, 2; 121-133
2545-384X

Pojawia się w:

Review of European and Comparative Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 56.

Tytuł:

Zasada poszanowania godności ludzkiej w wykładni Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej
The principle of human dignity as interpreted at the Court of Justice of the European Union

Autorzy:

Kołatek, Radosław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2206766.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

dignity
European Union
human rights
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)

Opis:

Article has been focused on the notion of human dignity as interpreted by the CJEU and its evolution during history of European integration. In the beginning the competence conferred on the European Communities pertained generally to the economic area so the possibility of affecting the rights of individuals was not apparent. The expressive recognition of the principle of human dignity by the CJEU occurred rather late with the ruling of 2001 regarding the Directive on the legal protection of biotechnical inventions. The CJEU’s judgement in Omega was of crucial importance because it confirmed that a fundamental right to human dignity is part of EU law. The Brüstle judgement of 2011, regarding the context of bioscience and biotechnology, brought more light on the CJEU positon with reference to the issue of human dignity. In this case the age-old problem of the moral status of the embryo is the central issue. Today this decision is seen as a justification and vindication of the principle of human dignity.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2019, 1(61); 9-24
1896-9852
2082-064X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 57.

Tytuł:

Whose story about Europe? The problem of acceptance and legitimisation of the European project in the eyes of young people

Autorzy:

B, Borkowski, Paweł
Marta, Rojewska,
Łukasz, Zamęcki,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894640.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

narrative about Europe
problem of legitimisation of the European integration
social reception of the European Union
youth in the debate on the future of the European Union

Opis:

This article reflects on the issue of legitimacy and attitudes of the young generation (16–19 years old) towards the European integration. The authors decided to divide the text into two parts, the first of which consists of the theoretical and historical approach to the problem of the legitimacy of European integration and the narrative about Europe, and the second presents the main conclusions and problems identified during the work of authors with the youth, and the implementation of the international Jean Monnet Network project MoreEU: More Europe to overcome the crisis. Confrontation of these two parts has made it clear that traditional justification of the legitimacy of the integration project does not speak to the contemporary youth, and that this is precisely in this age group that we can clearly see the crisis of the legitimacy of the European Union.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2017, 1 (43); 105-117
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 58.

Tytuł:

Between failure and success of the integration process: explaining the policy impact (the case of the fiscal and energy unions)

Autorzy:

Iaroslav, Petrakov,
Elena, Kucheryavaya,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894576.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-20

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

European integration
fiscal union
energy union
theory of fields
crises of the European Union

Opis:

The aim of the article is to explain why the EU integration efforts have different outcomes in times of crisis with regards to impact on key stakeholders. Besides traditional political theories of European integration, authors suggest to take into account the importance of behavioural intentions and stimuli to adhere to the reforms agenda. The research results presented in this article explain two recent deep EU crises: energy crisis and fiscal crisis, which evolved simultaneously, but resulted in different integration projects within the same political and institutional background. Authors analysed Eurobarometer public opinion surveys together with empirical data on the impact on stakeholders, based on available indicators in Eurostat. Authors found that the key for a policy to succeed in targeting agents’ and groups’ behaviour is its direct ties with stakeholders’ motivation which can be done only at market level. Thus, policy shift in integration areas should be reinforced by direct and clear market solutions and corrective mechanisms avoiding politically-relevant targets.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2016, 4 (42); 38-55
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 59.

Tytuł:

Podejmowanie i wykonywanie działalności prowadzonej na własny rachunek w świetle prawa Unii Europejskiej
Right to take up and pursue activities by self-employed persons in the light of the European Union law

Autorzy:

Jaroszyński, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216009.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

European Union law
freedom of establishment
Court of Justice of the European Union

Opis:

The paper is focused on discussing grounds for restricting the freedom of establishment as settled by the CJEU in C-55/94, Gebhard. The analysis shows that the possibility of imposing restrictions on economic activity should be carefully examined at the stage of adoption of national law, as it falls to the Member State to prove that national provisions meet conditions laid down in the EU legislation and the CJEU case law.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2020, 3(67); 9-34
1896-9852
2082-064X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 60.

Tytuł:

Uzupełnienie opinii o stanowisku rządu RP wobec projektu rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady ustanawiającego na lata 2014–2020 program „Prawa i obywatelstwo” [KOM(2011) 758 wersja ostateczna] oraz określenie relacji między tym dokumentem a Kartą praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej
Addendum to the opinion concerning the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing for the period 2014 to 2020 the Rights and Citizenship Programme (COM (2011) 758 final) on legal relationship between a regulation and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (“Charter”)

Autorzy:

Łacny, Justyna
Sakowicz, Andrzej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16642542.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

fundamental rights
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

Opis:

The opinion comments on the draft position of Poland concerning a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing for the period 2014 to 2020 the Rights and Citizenship Programme (COM (2011) 758 final). It also clarifies the legal relationship between a regulation (Article 288 (2) Treaty on functioning of the European Union) and the Charter as explained in the latest case-law of the European Court of Justice.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2012, 2(34); 83-91
1896-9852
2082-064X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 61.

Tytuł:

Starzenie sie populacji krajów Unii Europejskiej – nieodległa przeszłość i prognoza
Population ageing of the European Union countries – recent past and forecast

Autorzy:

Kowaleski, Jerzy T.
Majdzińska, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418257.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

population ageing
old age people
the European Union member countries

Opis:

The aim of this paper is to describe population ageing in member countries of the European Union and its dynamics in the period 1990-2030. Furthermore, we show chosen social consequences and challenges caused by demographic ageing. In the introduction, we present definition of the population ageing and describe measures used in the paper. The analytical part consists of three sections. The first one is about growth of older population (at the age of 65 and over, and 80 and over) in the years 1990-2030. The next one comprises an evaluation of progress in demographic change in the EU countries, which is based on chosen measures of population structure - aging index (population 65 and over to population 0-14), and potential support ratio (population 15-64 years to population 65 and over). In the analysis, we use also positional measures. The last part focuses on explaining regional differences in progress of demographic ageing of particular countries. The last section of the paper focuses on chosen socioeconomic consequences of ageing in the EU countries. One of them is an expected increase in number of disabled people. Another one is growth in the number of single person households of the elderly, who need familial and extra-familial care.

Źródło:

Studia Demograficzne; 2012, 161, 1; 57-80
0039-3134

Pojawia się w:

Studia Demograficzne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 62.

Tytuł:

Działalność Rady Ministrów Wspólnot Europejskich w dziedzinie kultury w latach 80. XX w.
Activities of the Council of Ministers of the European Communities in the Field of Culture in the 80s

Autorzy:

Gierat-Bieroń, Bożena

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558240.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie

Tematy:

Ministries of Culture in the European Union
Cultural Policy of the European Community

Opis:

The European integration processes have had over the years many shapes, faces and, masks. European politicians noticed, as late as at the turn of 70s and 80s of 20th century that culture can signifi cantly influence the social life, economy, as well as international relations. At that time, however, they did not formulate any proposals of specific activity which could have lifted culture to supranational position, and the culture remained in the realm of national policies. In the early 80s, Ministers of Culture of the European countries, dissatisfied with cultural policy of the European Community, or rather lack of it, informally established intergovernmental Council of the Ministers. The council was announcing resolutions and recommendations for the European Commission, European Parliament, and European Council. The objective of this paper is analysis of the pioneering role of Ministers of Culture in integration processes at culture level. The research reveals that the intellectual and political work and influence of Ministers played a pivotal role in formulating the first paradigm of the Community’s cultural policy. They were also instrumental in creating fi rst programmes directed to culture and cultural operators in Europe.

Źródło:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2016, 3; 127-146
1428-149X
2719-3780

Pojawia się w:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 63.

Tytuł:

Wokół osłabiania neoprotekcjonizmu rolnego unii europejskiej w ramach i poza WTO

Autorzy:

Puślecki, Zdzisław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434685.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Tematy:

new protectionism
agricultural policy
the European Union
the WTO
liberali¬sation

Opis:

The main aim of the article is the presentation of the problem of the European Union agriculture new protectionism weakening within and outside the WTO. The specific objective was to show the consequences of EU agricultural new protectionism, its mitigation by the WTO to stimulate the development of commodity markets outside the WTO, new perspective aims of CAP as well as issues of sustainable development of European agriculture. Common external EU customs tariff applied selectively against selected goods, may limit the liberalisation of international trade. This is particularly highlighted by trading partners from countries not belonging to this European integration grouping and it is a sign of trade new protectionism. The resistance of the EU to cut tariffs for agricultural products has repeatedly blocked progress in WTO trade negotiations. In addition, developing countries show there is a new protectionism in agriculture justifying at the same time the use of barriers to imports and manufactured goods and services by the EU. Reducing EU selective external tariffs may be an important contribution to a liberal trading system, which provides high profits not only for the EU, but also an effective tool in the fight against global poverty. It is also important to emphasise a high level of subsidisation of the budget of EU agriculture, which seriously restricts the export capacity of the least-developed countries. The situation looks different in wealthier, developing countries, which paradoxically adopt similar measures used by the EU to increase financial subsidisation of own agriculture, which consequently affects the growth of falsification of world trade. In the conclusions of the considerations, in the form of generalisations and applications it is shown that the need to weaken agricultural new protectionism within and outside the WTO is important in the functioning of the CAP. As a result of the necessary reforms, the WTO should continue to stimulate the liberalisation of international trade and also, more than in the past, support the development of third world countries, particularly through aid for trade. The last stage of multilateral trade talks on the liberalisation of international trade within the Doha Round should be paid above all to the problem of reducing the cost of developing countries with their entrance on the world market with industrial goods, agricultural pro- ducts and services. Everything indicates that taken steps of the reforms will continue, which will create favourable conditions enabling the completion of the Doha Round, if there is not further differentiating of negotiating positions and there is not a clear conflict of interest also in the group of developing countries. The European Union should on its own, irrespective of the prospects of trade negotiations in the framework of the WTO, consider what further liberalization movements associated with the CAP would be beneficial for both the union and third countries, especially the least developed ones. As a result of the weakening of the WTO, because of lack of agreement of final Doha Round, there was the increase of importance of bilateral trade agreements as well as other international institutions such as G20. It should be emphasized that in contemporary, multipolar world, agreements and regional ties become more and more important. Furthermore, what is also important from the theoretical point of view, the justifications of practical reasons become weaker and normative solutions become more significant.

Źródło:

Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu; 2013, 2 (23); 30-48
2080-5977

Pojawia się w:

Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 64.

Tytuł:

Projet de thèse intitulé « L’image de l’Union européenne en tant qu’organisation en temps de crise dans les journaux français en 2013–2015 »

Autorzy:

Paulina, Sokołowska,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895147.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-08-10

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

image of the European Union
crisis in the EU
French journals

Opis:

My dissertation is titled “The image of the European Union as an organization in times of a crisis in the French journals in 2013-2015”. The first chapter is titled “The role of the media in France in creating the national and European identity”. It will characterize the main journals in France (“Le Figaro”, “Le Monde”, “France-Soir”) and their readers. In the second chapter, the content analysis of those journals will be undertaken to show the roles of French media, while the third chapter will present the expected functions of media. In this chapter, I will use the method of in-depth interviews, taking into consideration journalists and politicians representing different political views, social movements, trade unions and citizens. In conclusion, I will analyse the French public opinion’s views, representing various social groups, on specific media messages.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2012, 3 (26); 122-129
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 65.

Tytuł:

Kontynuacja procesu rozszerzenia jako wyzwanie dla Unii Europejskiej

Autorzy:

Kubin, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624526.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Tematy:

enlargement, the European Union
polityka rozszerzenia Unii Europejskiej, Unia Europejska

Opis:

The process of integration in Western Europe, undertaken since World War II, has proven a success. Additional countries have taken actions to join the European Communities, and the EC/EU policy of enlargement has become one of its most important activities. The purpose of the article is to identify and briefly analyse certain aspects, mainly theoretical, related to the continuation of EU enlargement and to identify the most significant factors that affect its future course. The main thesis of the study is that the continuation of EU enlargement will look significantly different in the future than in the past and that it will be a difficult and lengthy process. The research problem is to identify the causes of the change in the EU enlargement process, generally appraised as one of its most successful policies. To achieve this aim, theoretical models explaining EU enlargement and practical factors affecting the enlargement process are identified. To better understand the current circumstances influencing the EU enlargement process, the article includes information on the current state of EU relations with potential new member states, selected data on the socio-economic development of those countries, and public attitudes in the EU and some candidate states. The formal conditions that must be met by a candidate state are presented in the first part of the study. The summary contains the most important conclusions.
Proces integracji, podjęty w Europie Zachodniej po II wojnie światowej, okazał się sukcesem. Kolejne państwa dołączały do Wspólnot Europejskich (WE), a potem do Unii Europejskiej (UE), zaś polityka rozszerzenia WE/UE stała się jednym z najistotniejszych obszarów aktywności tych organizacji międzynarodowych. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja i krótka analiza wybranych aspektów, głównie teoretycznych, związanych z kontynuacją rozszerzania UE i stanowiących najistotniejsze czynniki wpływające na dalszy przebieg tego procesu. Główną tezą opracowania jest stwierdzenie, że kontynuacja rozszerzania UE będzie wyglądać wyraźnie inaczej niż do tej pory i będzie procesem trudnym i długotrwałym. Problemem badawczym jest identyfikacja przyczyn takiej zmiany w charakterze procesu rozszerzania UE, który przecież do tej pory generalnie oceniany jest jako jedna z najskuteczniejszych polityk WE/UE. W tym celu zostaną przywołane funkcjonujące w literaturze przedmiotu teoretyczne modele wyjaśniania rozszerzania WE/UE i wskazane czynniki o charakterze ,,praktycznym”, które na rozszerzenie mają wpływ. Aby lepiej zrozumieć obecne uwarunkowania kontynuowania rozszerzenia UE, przedstawiono także stan stosunków UE z potencjalnymi nowymi państwami członkowskimi, wybrane dane o charakterze społeczno-gospodarczym tych państw oraz nastawienie opinii publicznej w UE i w niektórych państwach kandydujących do UE. W pierwszej części wskazano formalne warunki, jakie musi spełnić państwo chcące przystąpić do Unii. Podsumowanie zawiera najistotniejsze wnioski.

Źródło:

Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych; 2016, 11, 2
1896-8279

Pojawia się w:

Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 66.

Tytuł:

„Brexit” – konsekwencje dla obywateli Wielkiej Brytanii jako eksobywateli Unii Europejskiej
“Brexit” – consequences for UK citizens as ex-citizens of the European Union

Autorzy:

Grochalski, Stefan Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697365.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Opolski

Tematy:

Brexit referendum
The European Union Citizenship
democracy
freedom of movement

Opis:

The results of the referendum regarding the UK leaving the European Union indicated that the majority of British citizens, who are also citizens of the EU, decided to leave the European Union. The citizens’ decision has serious legal consequences arising from Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty. This is the first case of a state leaving the European Union, which raises many questions. In the presented material, the institution of referendum is being analyzed as a form of direct democracy as well as, in this context, the effects of Brexit affecting directly the citizens of Great Britain – ex-citizens of the European Union.

Źródło:

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2016, 14, 4 (1); 9-22
2658-1922

Pojawia się w:

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 67.

Tytuł:

MoreEU project and its implementation in Poland

Autorzy:

Jadwiga, Nadolska,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895159.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

crisis in the European Union
research project
Jean Monnet Network

Opis:

The aim of this article is to present the assumptions of a Jean Monnet Network’s international research project, MoreEU More Europe to Overcome the Crisis, conducted at the Institute of European Studies at the Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw between 2014 and 2017. The article discusses the social requirements for the project, its objectives, structure, research assumptions and implementation process.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2017, 1 (43); 91-102
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 68.

Tytuł:

(Nie)Bezpieczna Europa po Brexicie?
(Un)Secured Europe after Brexit?

Autorzy:

Niedźwiedzki, Artur

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200492.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-04

Wydawca:

Akademia Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi

Tematy:

Brexit
bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe
Unia Europejska
international security
the European Union

Opis:

Wystąpienie Zjednoczonego Królestwa ze wspólnoty może wywrzeć niebagatelny wpływ na bezpieczeństwo Europy, zarówno na płaszczyźnie polityczno-gospodarczej, jak i militarnej. Szeroko pojęte zasoby Unii Europejskiej ulegną niewątpliwie uszczupleniu na skutek secesji Wielkiej Brytanii z tej organizacji, choć, z drugiej strony, wspólnota odzyska elementarną sterowność w dziedzinie bardziej zaawansowanych form współpracy na niwie obronności, z uwagi na wystąpienie z jej szeregów aktora, który dotychczas odgrywał rolę jednego z najzagorzalszych przeciwników autonomii strategicznej Unii. Powyższe skłania do poszukiwania nowych koncepcji analitycznych oraz modeli teoretycznych opisujących bezpieczeństwo Europy, które mogą objawić się w następstwie Brexitu, mając fundamentalne znaczenie dla krajów będących obecnie beneficjentami pokoju i stabilności na Starym Kontynencie, w tym Polski.
The withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union may have a significant impact on Europe’s political, economic and military security. The resources of the European Union will undoubtedly be reduced as a result of Great Britain leaving. However, the European Union will gain more sophisticated forms of defence cooperation, due to the departure of an actor who has been one of the most obstinate opponents of the Union’s strategic autonomy. This mandates the search for new analytical concepts and theoretical models to describe European security that may emerge as a result of Brexit. These will have fundamental significance for the countries currently benefiting from peace and stability in Europe, including Poland.

Źródło:

Civitas Hominibus. Rocznik filozoficzno-społeczny; 2018, 13; 29-40
1896-1819
2391-5145

Pojawia się w:

Civitas Hominibus. Rocznik filozoficzno-społeczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 69.

Tytuł:

Obywatele Unii Europejskiej – wyborcy Parlamentu Europejskiego – parlamentu ponadnarodowego
Citizens of the European Union – voters of the European Parliament – a supranational parliament

Autorzy:

Grochalski, Stefan Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697764.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Opolski

Tematy:

The European Parliament
Citizen Of The European Union
competences
direct universal suffrage
democracy

Opis:

Parliament – an institution of a democratic state – a member of the Union – is not only an authority but also, as in the case of the European Union, the only directly and universally elected representative body of the European Union. The article presents questions related to the essence of parliament and that of a supranational parliament which are vital while dealing with the subject matter. It proves that the growth of the European Parliament’s powers was the direct reason for departing from the system of delegating representatives to the Parliament for the benefit of direct elections. It presents direct and universal elections to the European Parliament in the context of presenting legal regulations applicable in this respect. It describes a new legal category – citizenship of the European Union – primarily in terms of active and passive suffrage to the European Parliament, as a political entitlement of a citizen of the European Union.

Źródło:

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2016, 14, 3; 147-162
2658-1922

Pojawia się w:

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 70.

Tytuł:

Polityka zagraniczna Unii Europejskiej: aspekty teoretyczne i metodologiczne
Foreign Policy of the European Union: Theoretical and Methodological Aspects

Autorzy:

Barburska, Olga

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558178.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie

Tematy:

Foreign Policy of the European Union
External Policy of the European Union
Theories of the EU’s Foreign Policy
Defi nition of the
EU’s External Policy

Opis:

Article is devoted to theoretical and methodological aspects of the foreign policy of the European Union. These refl ections come from the basic assumption that the EU, as a unique participant of international relations, has developed a specific sphere of regulating its relations with the outside world, which essentially corresponds to the foreign policy of the state. This sphere, as an unprecedented phenomenon in the international arena, however, is characterized by great indefi niteness in terms of both theoretical and methodological, as well as political practice, which include, inter alia, such basic issues as the scope and conceptual definition of this policy. The article attempts to explore the most important issues related to the specificity of EU foreign policy (in particular the relationship between the EU institutions and Member States) and proposes a definition of this policy, treated as so-called European Union’s external policy.

Źródło:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2016, 3; 9-41
1428-149X
2719-3780

Pojawia się w:

Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 71.

Tytuł:

Prezes NIK Krzysztof Kwiatkowski w ETO
President of NIK Krzysztof Kwiatkowski with a Visit to the ECA

Autorzy:

Miękina, Ewa

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416613.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-04

Wydawca:

Najwyższa Izba Kontroli

Tematy:

European Court of Auditors
cooperation
Court of Justice of the European Union

Opis:

The main item of the visit of the NIK President to Luxembourg was a meeting with President of the European Court of Auditors Vítor da Silva Caldeira. The heads of the two institutions discussed possibilities to extend cooperation between NIK and the European Court of Auditors (ECA). President Kwiatkowski had also a meeting with Polish people employed at the ECA and with representatives of the Court of Justice of the European Union.

Źródło:

Kontrola Państwowa; 2014, 59, 2(355); 166-169
0452-5027

Pojawia się w:

Kontrola Państwowa

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 72.

Tytuł:

Indian Perceptions of the European Union

Autorzy:

Jain, Rajendra K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091786.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-06-25

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych

Tematy:

India’s attitudes to the European integration
relations between the European Union and India
European Union
India

Opis:

The study of external perceptions provides insights into how the European Union (EU) is actually judged as an international actor, helps shape the EU’s identity and roles, and shows how outsiders’ expectations and perceptions impact upon the EU’s foreign policy performance. This article examines how the European Union is perceived by India – one of the ten strategic partners of the European Union. It examines India’s attitudes towards the European integration movement, Jawaharlal Nehru’s perceptions of the European Community and the changed perceptions of Europe in India’s foreign policy in the post-Cold War era. It discusses the perceptions of the Indian political, business and media elites of the European Union as an international actor. In conclusion, it discusses what needs to be done to overcome the perceptional differences.

Źródło:

Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2015, 51, 1; 71-81
0209-0961

Pojawia się w:

Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 73.

Tytuł:

Free movement of services in the European Union and in the Eurasian Economic Union. Similarities and differences

Autorzy:

Jaskóła, Anna
Szewczyk, Paweł

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179138.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN

Tematy:

The European Union
a single market
free movement of services
the Eurasian Economic Union

Opis:

The European Union (EU) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) are international organizations integrating member states, primarily in the economic field. Both organizations guarantee four economic freedoms: free movement of goods, services, labor, and capital. One of these freedoms: free movement of services is particularly important. It should be noted that within the customs union of the EU and the EAEU the internal customs barriers have been eliminated, and for the exchange of services between these organizations, only the borders between the two unions remain an obstacle. For this reason, legal regulations concerning the free movement of services in the EU and the EAEU determine the opportunities for economic exchange between these organizations.

Źródło:

World Scientific News; 2017, 85; 59-65
2392-2192

Pojawia się w:

World Scientific News

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 74.

Tytuł:

The Migration Crisis from the East-Central European Perspective: Challenges for Regional Security

Autorzy:

Podgórzańska, Renata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594797.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

migration crisis
migration
the Visegrad Group
the European Union
East-Central Europe

Opis:

Nowadays, the common denominator of involvement of the EastCentral Europe in the international arena, and above all, the premise determining community of interest expressed in the European Union is the migration crisis. Despite the different circumstances of activity in the context of the migration crisis, states in the region express similar opinions on the consequences of immigration for security in the region. Above all, they emphasise the implications of immigration for the internal security of states. Given the complex nature of migration, this article focuses on the phenomenon of immigration in the EU, determining the causes of the escalation of the influx of immigrants and, above all, identifying the consequences for the security of states of East-Central Europe.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2017, 2 (46); 87-104
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 75.

Tytuł:

Polska polityka społeczna na progu członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej
Poland’s Social Policy at the Threshold of its Membership in the European Union

Autorzy:

Tkaczuk, Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1849717.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-05-12

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL

Tematy:

polityka społeczna
członkostwo
Unia Europejska
social policy
membership
the European Union

Opis:

The article concentrates on factors and tendencies which have determined Polish social policy during the systemic transformation and on the verge of entering the European Union. Due to a number of factors, social policy in Polana undergoes a serious crisis. These factors include: limiting the scale of the state’s actions and its savings measures, freequent law changes which restrict the number of recipients and create organizational discorder, pathologies present in some areas of the policy and inefficient reforms. This coincides with disturbing social phenomena which are enhanced by economic processes, inability of often corrupted state institutions and destruction of social policy itself. This situation meets with the disapproval on the part of the society which remembers the benefits offered by social policy in the previous system. Despite the support of the European Union, the perspectives of solving or reducing the problems in the contemporary society seem daunting. What is more, the EU itself has not created a coherent social security system as its particular members, especially the wealthy countries, firmly protect the welfare of its own citizens.

Źródło:

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2006, 34, 3; 209-218
0137-4176

Pojawia się w:

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 76.

Tytuł:

Wspólnotowy wymiar polityki imigracyjnej Unii Europejskiej w obliczu wyzwań związanych ze zwiększonym napływem imigrantów w 2015 r.

Autorzy:

Michał, Skorzycki,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894882.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-08-03

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

immigration
asylum
the European Union
area of freedom
security and justice

Opis:

The article comprises the overview of the essential legal, administrative and financial means that the EU has at its disposal in case of rapid influx of immigrants, as well as a selection of major obstacles to the use of these tools, based on observation of the activities of the EU and its member states taken up to deal with the aforementioned situation which took place in 2015. Using the abovementioned observation and an analysis of relevant documents, it is argued that the refugee crisis of 2015 has revealed the necessity of a profound institutionalisation of the European immigration policy as the most effective way to overcome difficulties in response to such situations. The analysis leads also to the conclusion that the EU is caught in a dilemma of either suspending the Dublin system in crisis situations or creating a new system of intensive support for border member states. Artykuł zawiera przegląd najistotniejszych prawnych, administracyjno-technicznych i finansowych środków, jakimi dysponuje Unia Europejska na wypadek gwałtownego zwiększenia się napływu imigrantów, a także diagnozę dotyczącą najważniejszych przeszkód w korzystaniu z tych narzędzi, opartą na podstawie obserwacji działań UE i jej państw członkowskich, podejmowanych w związku z wystąpieniem wspomnianej sytuacji w 2015 r. Korzystając z tego przeglądu i analizy odnośnych dokumentów, autor dowodzi, że kryzys migracyjny z 2015 r. ujawnił potrzebę głębokiej instytucjonalizacji wspólnej polityki imigracyjnej UE. Dokonana przez niego analiza prowadzi również do wniosku, że Unia Europejska stoi przed dylematem między zawieszaniem mechanizmu dublińskiego w momentach gwałtownego napływu uchodźców a stworzeniem systemu efektywnego wsparcia dla państw znajdujących się na granicach zewnętrznych UE.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2017, 2 (44); 82-107
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 77.

Tytuł:

Best practices in communicating about the European Union

Autorzy:

Marta, Jas-Koziarkiewicz,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894968.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

best practice
communication
education
the European Union
in-depth focused interview

Opis:

The paper analyses the determinants of communication and teaching about the European Union. The article was based on data collected through in-depth focused interviews. Its aim was to identify the challenges that are associated with carrying out educational and communication tasks of the EU and to learn about best practices in this area. In the opinion of the participants, the activity, in order to be considered worthy of imitation, should be addressed to specific, defined audience groups. Children and adolescents were defined as the most important. The examples of best practices include those related to education, the activities of EU information centres and public speeches.

Źródło:

Przegląd Europejski; 2017, 1 (43); 119-131
1641-2478

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Europejski

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 78.

Tytuł:

Miejsce i rola euroregionów w polityce regionalnej Unii Europejskiej
Euroregion and it's role in the European Union's regional policy

Autorzy:

Greta, Maria
Misztal, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164591.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010-12-15

Wydawca:

Ostrołęckie Towarzystwo Naukowe

Tematy:

polityka regionalna
Unia Europejska
euroregiony
regional policy
the European Union
euroregion

Opis:

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu zaprezentowanie zagadnień związanych z euroregionami, ich miejscem i rolą w Unii Europejskiej. Przedmiotem pierwszej części artykułu jest polityka regionalna, jej ewolucja i miejsce w funkcjonowaniu Unii Europejskiej. Przedstawione zostały również sposoby finansowania polityki regionalnej i jej rola w niwelowaniu różnic w rozwoju poszczególnych regionów. Rozważania dotyczące polityki regionalnej pozwalają na nakreślenie tematyki związanej z funkcjonowaniem euroregionów, ich znaczeniem i rolą w budowaniu silnej i jednolitej pod względem rozwoju i warunków życia Unii Europejskiej.
This paper investigates euroregion and it’s role for the regional policy development. Regional policy is a very essential component of the UE structural policy. Shape and aim of the regional policy evolve in previous years. Nowadays regional policy is one of the most important priority for the EU. Disproportion in development of particular regions in the EU are still well-defined. Euroregion thanks to its location have a special place in regional policy. Euroregion is a form of transborder cooperation between regions in EU. Thirst part of this paper investigates a regional policy tasks and the second part shows euroregion and its place in regional policy.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego; 2010, Zeszyt, XXIV; 285-294
0860-9608

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 79.

Tytuł:

The processes of convergence and divergence in the regions of the European Union: features and evaluation (1995 – 2011)
Procesy konwergencji i dywergencji w regionach Unii Europejskiej: charakterystyka i ocena (1995 – 2011)

Autorzy:

Voronov, Victor
Lavrinenko, Olga
Ruzha, Oksana
Ohotina, Alina

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/960256.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-08-31

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne

Tematy:

convergence
divergence
the region
the European Union
konwergencja
dywergencja
region
Unia Europejska

Opis:

A higher level of unity and cohesion across the European Union member states is an important aspect of the European integration though it is rather ambiguous in nature. The Law on the Common market, which aims at increasing the economic efficiency of the EU, has become the subject of extensive discussions among researchers suggesting that its viability at the political and socio-economic levels depends on fair distribution of gains among the countries and regions of the Community. These discussions have resulted in a considerable increase in funding allocated for the development of the EU regions from the EU Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund whose aim is to reduce regional disparities.
Wyższy poziom spójności pomiędzy krajami członkowskimi Unii Europejskiej jest istotnym elementem integracji europejskiej, lecz pozostaje dość wątpliwy w charakterze. Prawo o Wspólnym Rynku, którego celem jest zwiększenie wydajności gospodarczej UE stało się przedmiotem dyskusji pomiędzy naukowcami sugerującymi, że jego wykonalność na poziomie politycznym i społeczno-gospodarczym zależy od sprawiedliwej dystrybucji zysków pomiędzy kraje i regiony Wspólnoty. Dyskusja ta skutkuje znacznym wzrostem nakładów na fundusze przeznaczone na rozwój poszczególnych regionów UE z Funduszy Strukturalnych UE oraz Funduszy Spójności UE, których celem jest niwelowanie różnic regionalnych.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Ekonomicznego w Zielonej Górze; 2014, 1, 1; 147-163
2391-7830
2545-3661

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Ekonomicznego w Zielonej Górze

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 80.

Tytuł:

Is Europe Moving Towards a Democratic Federation?

Autorzy:

Grosse, Tomasz Grzegorz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419632.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie

Tematy:

democratic federation
technocratic federation
asymmetric confederation
the European Union
the European Parliament
hybrid system

Opis:

The goal of this article is to answer the question if the European Union may, in the coming years, see reforms towards a democratic federation. At the beginning there is a scientific discussion about the traits of a federation in comparison with a confederation, as well as a technocratic (executive) federation to a lesser degree. What follows is a diagnosis of the current system of the European Union, which can be considered a hybrid in that it contains the traits of different systems. Next, the role of the main federal institution of the EU, that is the European Parliament, is assessed together with recent proposals for further reforms towards the federation. In the conclusions a projection of the key changes in the EU is presented, with a focus on evaluating the probability of a rise of a democratic federation.

Źródło:

Yearbook of Polish European Studies; 2017, 20; 11-30
1428-1503

Pojawia się w:

Yearbook of Polish European Studies

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 81.

Tytuł:

Działania Unii Europejskiej wobec Armenii prowadzone w ramach Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa i programu Partnerstwa Wschodniego
The activities of the European Union to Armenia carried out under the European neighborhood policy and the Eastern Partnership

Autorzy:

Voytyuk, Oksana

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953233.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

the European Union
the Customs Union of Belarus
Kazakhstan
and Russia
Armenia
the Eastern Partnership

Opis:

In September 2013, a meeting between the President of Armenia S. Sargsyan and the President of the Russian Federation V. Putin took place in Moscow. During the meeting, the Russian authorities convinced the Armenian President to join the Customs Union and do not proceed further cooperation with the European Union. In the article, the author tries to analyze why Armenia cardinally changed its policy on the eve of the Eastern Partnership Summit in Vilnius on November 28–29th, 2013. There are also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of eventual Armenia’s accession to the Customs Union with Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia, and to the European Union.

Źródło:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2015, 46; 121-134
1505-2192

Pojawia się w:

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 82.

Tytuł:

Voľný pohyb pracovníkov v Európskej únii
Free movement of workers in the Eurpean Union

Autorzy:

Dolobáč, Marcel

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485758.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum

Tematy:

the right of freee movement
European Union
the right of residence
Court of Justice of the European Union

Opis:

Free movement of workers is one of the most important fundamental right, which results from the membership in the European Union. This right includes in particular : the right to apply for the offers of employment in the other EU states; the right of free movement for the purposes of seeking work; the right of residence; the right to stay in the other EU state after the termination of labour contract. According to European Union law, mention rights belongs not just to employees, who are the citizens of the European Union, but in limited range also to their family members. The exemptions to the right of free movement are rather limited. The aim of the presented contribution is to describe the essence of the right of free movement of workers in the European Union mainly in the light of the relevant judicial decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union.

Źródło:

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2012, 2(9); 61-72
1898-8431

Pojawia się w:

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 83.

Tytuł:

On the Artistic Perspectives of the European Union
O artystycznych perspektywach Unii Europejskiej

Autorzy:

Kubicki, Ryszard

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/593768.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe

Tematy:

art
God
mystery
performance
the European Union
sztuka
Bóg
tajemnica
Unia

Opis:

The biggest problem of the European Union is that a true poet who would like to write a poem about it has not been born yet. The spiritual foundations of today's EU are not shaped by Christian priests, nor by marshals and generals. They are formed by EU politicians and bureaucrats who tell us the true from the false.Only banal and boring truths can meet the political and bureaucratic criteria of truth. Therefore, the truths of today's Union are banal and boring. They involve no mystery and therefore no metaphysics, in the depth of which individuals would be willing to lose themselves. If it is impossible to die for the Union, we thus need to ask if it is possible to live in the Union. The positive thesis of the article is the conviction that aesthetic experience might be the source of both the spiritual and life-giving mystery and hope.
Największym problemem Unii Europejskiej jest to, że wciąż nie narodził się poeta, który chciałby napisać o niej wiersz. Duchowych podstaw dzisiejszej Unii nie tworzą także chrześci-jańscy kapłani, marszałkowie i generałowie. Tworzą je natomiast unijni politycy i biurokraci, którzy orzekają, co jest prawdziwe, a co nie. Politycznemu i biurokratycznemu kryterium prawdy potrafią sprostać tylko prawdy banalne i nudne. Dlatego prawdy dzisiejszej unii są ba-nalne i nudne. Nie ma w nich żadnej tajemnicy, a zatem i żadnej metafizyki, w której głębi jednostki mogłyby chcieć się zatracić. Jeśli niemożliwa jest śmierć za Unię, nie sposób nie za-pytać, czy możliwe jest zatem życie w Unii. Pozytywna tezą artykułu jest przeświadczenie, że źródłem takiej duchowej i zarazem życiodajnej tajemnicy oraz nadziei może być doświadcze-nie estetyczne.

Źródło:

Art Inquiry. Recherches sur les arts; 2013, 15; 203-214
1641-9278

Pojawia się w:

Art Inquiry. Recherches sur les arts

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 84.

Tytuł:

Rozwój systemów transportowych w Polsce
Development of transport systems in Poland

Autorzy:

Motowidlak, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/596687.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe

Tematy:

transport
Unia Europejska
zrównoważony rozwój transportu
the European Union
sustainable transport

Opis:

The purpose of this article was to present problems concerning development of transport systems in Poland. The principles of sustainable development were included there. The changes of quantity and work structure which were recorded in 1995–2009 both in passenger and goods transport led to the predominance of transport by car. Analyzing the pace of developments in car service it is assumed that the way of these changes will be also current in foreseeable future. Moreover, the attention was paid to bigger disproportions in a structure of means of good transport in Poland than in Europe.

Źródło:

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2011, LXXXIII (83); 323-333
0081-6841

Pojawia się w:

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 85.

Tytuł:

Accession referenda in the fifth EU enlargement

Autorzy:

Marczewska-Rytko, Maria

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647818.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Tematy:

referendum
accession referenda
Central and Eastern Europe
the European Union enlargement

Opis:

The aim of the article is to analyze accession referenda in the fifth EU enlargement. The article consists of four parts: the European enlargements; legal grounds for referenda in the candidate countries for EU membership in 2003; information and pre-referendum campaigns; the character, voter turnout and results of accession referenda. During the process of accession of individual countries to the European Communities/European Union accession referenda were held only in some of the states. The referendum was used in the first enlargement. The accession referendum was not invoked in the second enlargement. The institution of the referendum was not employed in the third enlargement. The fourth enlargement invoked the institution of the referendum. The fifth enlargement took place in 2004. Accession negotiations concerned two groups of states: the Luxembourg and the Helsinki group. In the fifth enlargement, the referenda for accession to the EU were held in nine countries: Malta, Slovenia, Hungary, Lithuania, Slovakia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Estonia and Latvia. The political elites in the candidate countries were in favor of accession. Euroskeptical movements were essentially marginal. In some countries which used the referendum in the process of accession there were requirements concerning a minimum voter turnout necessary for referendum results to be valid and binding. Some of the countries arranged a two-day voting.

Źródło:

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2015, 22, 1
1428-9512
2300-7567

Pojawia się w:

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 86.

Tytuł:

Konsekwencje członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej dla funkcjonowania administracji publicznej
The consequences of the Polish membership in the EU for the functioning of public administration

Autorzy:

Cygan, Patrycja

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/441205.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Europejska im. ks. Józefa Tischnera

Tematy:

Administracja
Unia Europejska
fundusze strukturalne
Administration
The European Union
structural funds

Opis:

W roku 2014 minęło 10 lat od przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej, co stanowi odpowiednią okazję do sporządzenia bilansu korzyści i strat polskiego członkostwa w UE. Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy przemian, jakie zaszły w tym czasie w polskiej administracji publicznej, która stanęła w obliczu nieznanego dotąd wyzwania – efektywnego gospodarowania europejskimi środkami finansowymi. W prezentowanym opracowaniu podjęto wysiłek odpowiedzi na pytania odnoszące się do działań, jakie zostały podjęte przez instytucje publiczne w celu sprawnego wdrażania funduszy strukturalnych oraz związanych z nimi konsekwencji. W pracy przedstawiono, w jaki sposób zmieniły się zasoby kadrowe i techniczne administracji oraz podjęto kwestie dotyczące jej efektywności. Opisano również aktualne trendy i kierunki zmian w administracji.
In 2014 it is 10 years since Poland has joined the European Union, which is an appropriate opportunity to assess the advantages and disadvantages of Polish participation. This article focuses on the changes that have occurred during this time in Polish public administration, which has faced previously unknown challenges - effective management of European funds. The presented study is an attempt to answer questions about the actions that have been taken by public institutions for the effective implementation of the Structural funds and its consequences. The paper presents how the human and technical resources of the administration have changed and focuses on the issues concerning its efficiency. Additionally, the identified current trends and directions in the administration have been described in the thesis.

Źródło:

Kultura i Polityka; 2014, 15; 66-76
1899-4466

Pojawia się w:

Kultura i Polityka

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 87.

Tytuł:

Stan polskiego społeczeństwa informacyjnego – w dziesiątą rocznicę akcesji do Unii Europejskiej.
The condition of the Polish information society – on the tenth anniversary of EU accession.

Autorzy:

Nowina Konopka, Maria

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/441328.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Europejska im. ks. Józefa Tischnera

Tematy:

Społeczeństwo informacyjne
internet
Unia Europejska
Information society
Internet
the European Union

Opis:

W dziesiątą rocznicę przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej warto podjąć refleksję nad pozycją naszego kraju w ramach struktur wspólnotowych. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono jeden z istotniejszych obszarów współpracy państw UE mających na celu stworzenie europejskiego społeczeństwa informacyjnego (SI). Osiągnięcie przyjętego celu możliwe było jedynie dzięki wyrównaniu poziomów krajowych i stworzeniu w ramach każdego państwa członkowskiego stabilnego i permanentnie rozwijającego się społeczeństwa nowego typu. Badania, których wyniki zaprezentowano poniżej, objęły swym zasięgiem czasowym lata 2004-2013. Jest to analiza komparatywna wskaźników rozwoju społeczeństwa informacyjnego Polski i średniej dla państw EU. Wydaje się, iż po 10 latach od momentu akcesji, Polska, będąc krajem stosunkowo najmniej doświadczonym kryzysem gospodarczym, winna była dogonić średnią UE w zakresie rozwoju infrastruktury, kompetencji czy korzystania z nowoczesnych technologii. Hipotezę tę wzmacniam przekonaniem, iż Polska dołączyła do struktur unijnych wraz z grupą siedmiu państw bloku postsowieckiego, które także posiadały zapóźnienia w analizowanym zakresie, a w 2007 roku do wspólnoty dołączyły kolejne, słabe w tym zakresie państwa. Każdy z nich w momencie akcesji miał istotny wpływ na obniżenie wartości prezentowanych indykatorów. Niestety, pomimo sprzyjających warunków społecznych i gospodarczych dziesięć lat nie było okresem wystarczającym, by polskie społeczeństwo informacyjne dogoniło unijne standardy.
On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of Poland’s accession to the European Union, it is worth considering the issue of our country’s position within the EU structures. In this article, one of the most fundamental aspects of the member states has been discussed that aims at the creation of an information society (IS). There has only been one way to accomplish that: through setting a development level each of the countries should reach and creating within each of them a new, sustainable and continually developing type of society. Research whose results has been presented here was conducted in the years 2004-2013. It constitutes a comparative analysis of the indices of the development of information societies in Poland and other EU countries. It appears that, 10 years after the accession, Poland, as a country relatively not affected by the economic crisis, should have reached the average of the EU indices in terms of infrastructure development, competition and the use of modern technologies. The hypothesis that I formulate in this paper is further supported by the fact that Poland entered the EU together with seven countries of the post-Soviet block, which at the time were also considerably backward in the areas discussed here. What is more, in 2007, another two weak (in this sense) countries joined the Union. Upon accession, each of these countries significantly contributed to a decrease in the values of the presented indices. Unfortunately, in spite of favourable social and economic conditions, ten years proved not to be long enough a period for Poland’s information society to meet EU standards.

Źródło:

Kultura i Polityka; 2014, 15; 48-65
1899-4466

Pojawia się w:

Kultura i Polityka

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 88.

Tytuł:

Co po Unii? Polska a procesy (dez)integracyjne w Europie
What After the Union? Poland and the (dis)Integration Processes in Europe

Autorzy:

Niedźwiecki, Artur

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012038.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-12-31

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

Polska
crisis
disintegration
the European Union
Polska
kryzys
dezintegracja
Unia Europejska

Opis:

Celem tego tekstu jest postawienie pytania o polską politykę w sytuacji ewentualnego pogłębiania się tendencji (dez)integracyjnych w łonie projektu europejskiego. Praca ta stanowi w istocie zaproszenie do debaty na temat procesu definiowania celów strategicznych naszego państwa, która może stać się nieunikniona w razie zaistnienia zjawisk dekompozycyjnych w strukturach UE, do czego wiele krajów – w tym Rzeczpospolita – aktualnie nie jest przygotowanych. Wypracowanie nowych projektów i modeli w tej dziedzinie może okazać się uzasadnione i niezbędne, gdyż instytucje międzynarodowe coraz rzadziej są w stanie wspierać utrzymywanie pokoju, bezpieczeństwa oraz dobrobytu, a coraz częściej kojarzą się z ryzykami lub szeroko pojętymi stratami. W dobie potencjalnej dekoniunktury struktur supranarodowych, bardziej przychylnie spogląda się na działanie gremiów opartych o narodową legitymację, postrzegając te organizmy jako realne byty, które są zdolne do przyjęcia odpowiedzialności za los danej wspólnoty w sytuacjach kryzysowych, co może oznaczać dystansowanie się od postulatów transferu kompetencji na poziom ponadnarodowy, celem wspólnotowej odpowiedzi na wyzwania transnarodowe.
The purpose of this text is to pose a question about the Polish politics in a situation of possible deepening of (dis) integration tendencies within the European project. In fact, this work is an invitation to a debate on the process of defining country’s strategic goals, which may be come unavoidable in the event of decomposition phenomena in EU structures, for which many countries – including Poland – are currently not prepared. The development of new projects and models in this field may prove justified and necessary, as international institutions are less and less able to support the maintenance of peace, security and prosperity, and are increasingly associated with risks or losses in a broader sense. In the era of potential recession of supranational structures, the actions of bodies based on national legitimacy are more favourably viewed, perceiving these organisms as real entities that are capable of assuming responsibility for the fate of a given community in the crisis situations, which may mean distancing from the postulates of transferring competences to supranational level, for the sake of the Community response to transnational challenges.

Źródło:

Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej; 2020, 14; 199-213
1899-6256

Pojawia się w:

Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 89.

Tytuł:

Polityka oświatowa Unii Europejskiej wobec migracji
The European Union’s Policy Regarding Migration

Autorzy:

Cudowska, Agata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952190.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

educational policy of the European Union
migration
integration
education
intercultural education

Opis:

In the following article the author presents basic directions of the European Union’s policy regarding migration and third-country nationals, as well as displays the significance of education in achieving said objectives. This article presents a legal framework of the European Union’s educational policy in migration’s context and shows the problem of immigrants’ integration through education in the culturally varied societies. The author draws attention to the significance of the integration’s model in which intercultural education plays a leading role. The author describes the difficulties associated with implementation of the European Union’s educational policy’s assumptions in local environments. In the article the author presents the conclusions of these issues’ analysis in order to indicate the main areas to improve.

Źródło:

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne; 2017, 30
1230-2392

Pojawia się w:

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 90.

Tytuł:

Konsekwencje brexitu dla finansów Unii Europejskiej
Brexit and its consequences for the finances of the European Union

Autorzy:

Kotliński, Kamil

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2197298.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

Brexit
budget of the European Union
2021–2027 Multiannual Financial Framework

Opis:

The aim of the article is to identify the consequences of Brexit from the point of view of the EU finances. The first section focuses on the share of member states in the EU budget revenue. The author attempted to estimate the additional contribution of each member state. The second section briefly shows in which EU programmes the UK still takes part. The third section concentrates on the adjustment of the shares in the capital of the European Investment Bank and the European Central Bank to the reduced number of shareholders. The next part discusses the budgetary correction mechanisms as a historical remnant of the British rebate. In the last section the author describes the Brexit Adjustment Reserve, which supports regions and sectors most affected by the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union.

Źródło:

Studia BAS; 2021, 3(67); 133-152
2080-2404
2082-0658

Pojawia się w:

Studia BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 91.

Tytuł:

Strategia Unii Europejskiej wobec kryzysu migracyjnego: priorytety, bariery, efekty
EU strategy to tackle the migration crisis – priorities, barriers and outcomes

Autorzy:

Szymańska, Jolanta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11541710.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

migration crisis
refugees
Schengen area
external borders of the European Union

Opis:

The aim of this paper is to explore the EU response to the migration crisis and the state of play of its implementation. In the first section the author focuses on the first phase of the crisis and describes the EU emergency response to migration flows in 2011 soon after the beginning of the Arab Spring. The next sections examine the key priorities of European Agenda on Migration 2015 and the progress achieved in its implementation so far. The author highlights that the evolution of crisis response after 2015 resembles solutions implemented after the first wave of crisis in 2011, concluding that the EU is still very far from finding a recipe for dealing with future migration challenges. The author also outlines rising divisions between member states on migration strategy, and argues that they may lead to the introduction of a multispeed approach in migration policy.

Źródło:

Studia BAS; 2017, 3(51); 159-186
2080-2404
2082-0658

Pojawia się w:

Studia BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 92.

Tytuł:

Wybrane metody systematyzacji prawodawstwa Unii Europejskiej z uwzględnieniem aktów prawnych z zakresu prawa rolnego
Certain methods of simplification of the European Union law with focus on the agricultural legislation

Autorzy:

Milanowska, Dorota

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531164.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Temida 2

Tematy:

simplification of the European Union legislation
consolidation
codification
recast
agricultural legislation

Opis:

This paper refers to certain aspects of the process of simplification of the European Union legislation. It focuses on the three main methods of editorial and substantial intervention in the text of a Union legal act, i.e. consolidation, codification and recast. Those three conceptions, their purpose and differences between them in terms of the procedure applied and the legal and practical consequences for the Union law are elaborated. Interdependence of those three methods is explained. The first step of the technical simplification of the Union law is the informal consolidation of the text of a legal act which forms the basis for the formal codification work at a later stage, which in turn is the basis for recasting of a legal act. The importance and results of the law simplification process in the three main pillars of the common agricultural policy: the common organisation of the markets, direct payments and rural development are demonstrated.

Źródło:

Studia Iuridica Agraria; 2013, 11; 11-24
1642-0438

Pojawia się w:

Studia Iuridica Agraria

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 93.

Tytuł:

Wczesna edukacja i opieka nad dzieckiem jako wyzwanie dla polityki społecznej z perspektywy Unii Europejskiej
Early education and child care as a challenge for social policy from the perspective of the European Union

Autorzy:

Subocz, Elżbieta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1386746.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-03-31

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego

Tematy:

early childhood education and care
European Union
Member States of the European Union
social policy

Opis:

For two decades we have been observing a lot of interest in the issues of early childhood education and child care in the European Union. Child well-being is seen as an investment in the future of Europe. The article is an attempt to answer the following questions: what are the EU’s views in the field of early childhood education and care? What activities does the European Union take to improve the availability and quality of early childhood education and care for the youngest generation in the Member States? How do the Member States implement the EU’s recommendations?

Źródło:

Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji; 2019, 44, 1; 103-113
1734-1582
2451-2230

Pojawia się w:

Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 94.

Tytuł:

Dyplomacja cyfrowa - nowa forma polityki zagranicznej Unii Europejskiej
Digital diplomacy - a new form of foreign policy of the European Union

Autorzy:

Kusztykiewicz, Aleksandra

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1185746.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-03-05

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie

Tematy:

diplomacy
cyberspace
the European Union
the information society
digital diplomacy
soft diplomacy of the European Union
dyplomacja
cyberprzestrzeń
Unia Europejska
społeczeństwo informacyjne
dyplomacja cyfrowa
miękka dyplomacja Unii Europejskiej

Opis:

Rozwój społeczeństwa informacyjnego zainicjował potrzebę stworzenia nowych instrumentów, za pomocą których władze mogą docierać do obywateli, dlatego cyberprzestrzeń stała się w ostatnim czasie miejscem aktywności wielu podmiotów, w tym państw oraz organizacji międzynarodowych (również Unii Europejskiej). Skutkiem tego zjawiska jest powstanie tak zwanej dyplomacji cyfrowej jako nowej jakości w miękkiej dyplomacji UE. Dyplomacja UE używa obecnie wielu e-instrumentów, m.in. Facebooka, Myspace’a, Daily Motion, YouTube’a itp. Są to bardzo dobre narzędzia służące poprawianiu i ocieplaniu wizerunku Unii na arenie międzynarodowej. Ten rodzaj dyplomacji ukształtował się dopiero na początku XXI w. i ma przed sobą obiecującą perspektywę rozwoju, dlatego warto się zastanowić, w jakim kierunku ewolucja ta powinna podążać. Dyplomacja cyfrowa jest de facto odpowiedzią na problem komunikacji Unii ze światem zewnętrznym oraz na zjawisko rosnącej liczby użytkowników Internetu.
The development of the information society has initiated the need for creating new  instruments with the help of which the authorities can reach out to citizens. Therefore, cyberspace has recently become a place of activity of a number of entities including state and international organizations (together with the European Union). The result of this phenomenon is the creation of the so-called digital diplomacy as new quality in the so-called diplomacy of the EU. The EU diplomacy currently uses a number of e-tools, among others, Facebook, MySpace, Daily Motion, YouTube, etc. These tools are a very good method to improve and warm up the image of the Union in the international arena. This kind of diplomacy was only formed at the beginning of the twenty-first century and has a great prospect of development, thus, it is worth considering in which direction its evolution should follow. Digital diplomacy is a de facto response to the problem of the EU communication with the outside world and the growing number of Internet users.

Źródło:

Studia z Polityki Publicznej; 2017, 4, 2(14); 103-116
2391-6389
2719-7131

Pojawia się w:

Studia z Polityki Publicznej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 95.

Tytuł:

German presidencies in the European Union in the 1990s. The term and the specificity of the presidency in the European Council

Autorzy:

Żurek, Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139026.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Germany in the European Union
European Council
Modern history of Germany
Presidency in the European Council

Opis:

A very important element of the structural and substantive functioning of the Council of the European Union is a cyclic Presidency (leadership) held for a period of six months by each Member State in turn in the system of the intergovernmental councils (the Council of the European Union and the European Council). The author of the present article would like to focus on the first two presidencies of the unifi ed Germany. Both took place in the 1990s – in the first decade of the country’s functioning after reunification. They also exemplify the ‘new’ Germany’s approach to the European integration, its deepening and widening. Germany wanted to dispel the doubts of the other EU Member States whether, as the united country, it would still support the process of integration. The 21st century proved the fears pointless.

Źródło:

Reality of Politics; 2011, 2; 235-271
2082-3959

Pojawia się w:

Reality of Politics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 96.

Tytuł:

The mechanism of adopting political decisions in the EU on the example of European Rail Infrastructure Managers

Autorzy:

Bugajski, Wojciech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630215.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie

Tematy:

decision
the European Union
public policy
European studies
Europeanisation
institutionalism
interest groups
economy

Opis:

The process of decision-making, lobbying and negotiating formal and legal documents is a complex but also very interesting issue. Referring to the findings of the studies in the field of shaping public policy, in particular the process of making political decisions on the example of European Rail Infrastructure Managers, one of the leading interest group organisations, the thesis put forward in the research process: “The decision-making process in the European Union is a difficult art of seeking compromise and understanding for stakeholders” appears to be justified.

Źródło:

Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2019, 2(38); 29-47
2082-0976

Pojawia się w:

Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 97.

Tytuł:

Spójność polityki Unii Europejskiej: wielowymiarowa regionalizacja
The Cohesiveness Policy of The European Union: Multidimensional Regionalization

Autorzy:

Cichońska, Dominika
Fedorowski, Jarosław
Holly, Romuald

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1185106.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-02-02

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie

Tematy:

region
regionalization
cohesion policy
the European Union
regionalizacja
polityka spójności
Unia Europejska

Opis:

Kraje europejskie po kilkunastoletnim okresie destabilizacji gospodarczej i rozchwiania struktur społecznych w połowie drugiej dekady XXI wieku wkroczą w co najmniej kilkunastoletni okres przeobrażeń społecznych, ustrojowych i strukturalno‑organizacyjnych stymulowanych coraz głębiej motywowanymi, uświadomionymi i jednoznacznie artykułowanymi oczekiwaniami bezpieczeństwa socjalnego i zdrowotnego szerokich rzesz społecznych. W tej nowej, bliskiej już, epoce transformacji realizacja nadrzędnych celów służyć powinna jedności UE i wspólnemu bezpieczeństwu wewnętrznemu i zewnętrznemu. Polityka spójności, jako narzędzie realizacji tych celów, uwzględniać musi te nowe uwarunkowania i wymaga wsparcia przez szczegółowe komplementarne programy/projekty regionalne. Wynika stąd konieczność reinterpretacji pojęcia regionalizacja, czy też wskazania nowych wymiarów regionalizacji, w odniesieniu do polityki spójności.
European nations may expect years of positive transformation in the next half of the second decade of the 21st century, just after decades of economic and social instability. Such transformation would involve social, political and structural changes stimulated by societies’ deep motivation and well defined expectations with regard to social and health issues. In this new (and soon to come) era of transformation, fulfilment of superior goals should serve the unity of the EU as well as joint internal and external safety. While using the cohesion policy as a tool to achieve those goals, policymakers must take all those new conditions into consideration. Effective support by means of detailed and complementary regional programs/ projects is surely required. Based on the above, we have to once more interpret the definition of regionalization. We must also demonstrate new dimensions of regionalization in relation to the cohesion policy.

Źródło:

Studia z Polityki Publicznej; 2014, 1, 1(1); 101-112
2391-6389
2719-7131

Pojawia się w:

Studia z Polityki Publicznej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 98.

Tytuł:

Oznakowanie nanoproduktów w Unii Europejskiej – uwarunkowania prawne
The labelling of nano-products: legal conditions

Autorzy:

Jurewicz, Marcin

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/476914.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego

Tematy:

nanotechnology
nano-products
labelling
the European Union
nanotechnologia
nanoprodukty
oznakowanie
Unia Europejska

Opis:

The purpose of this article is to characterize and comment on the legal determinants of the labelling of products containing nanomaterials. The labelling of nano-products is intended to provide consumers with information on the presence of nanomaterials in these products so that their decision to purchase nano-products is deliberate, nonarbitrary. The obligation to indicate all ingredients in the form of nanomaterials in the list of ingredients and the insertion of the word “nano” in brackets after the names of these ingredients was introduced for cosmetic products, foodstuffs and biocidal products. It would be desirable to establish a labelling obligation also for other consumer products containing nanomaterials, and the basis for this obligation should be the definition of nanomaterial, based on a particle size parameter (according to Commission Recommendation 2011/696/EU on the definition of nanomaterial) and adapted to the different realities of individual sectors in which nanotechnology is used. Consumers’ knowledge base of the specific properties of nanomaterials, especially the benefits of their innovative uses, should be the information actions of EU and national institutions and bodies, including online sources and a publicly accessible register of nanomaterials.
Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka i skomentowanie uwarunkowań prawnych oznakowania produktów zawierających nanomateriały. Oznakowanie nanoproduktów służy przekazaniu konsumentom informacji o występowaniu nanomateriałów w tych produktach, aby decyzja o ich nabyciu była świadoma i nieprzypadkowa. Obowiązek wskazania wszystkich składników w postaci nanomateriałów w wykazie składników oraz umieszczenia wyrazu „nano” w nawiasie po nazwach tych składników wprowadzono w odniesieniu do produktów kosmetycznych, środków spożywczych i produktów biobójczych. Wskazane byłoby ustanowienie obowiązku oznakowania również dla innych przeznaczonych dla konsumentów produktów zawierajacych nanomateriały, zaś podstawę tego obowiązku powinna stanowić definicja nanomateriału, oparta na parametrze wielkości cząstek (według zalecenia Komisji Europejskiej 2011/696/UE dotyczącego definicji nanomateriału) i dostosowana do zróżnicowanych realiów w poszczególnych sektorach, w których jest wykorzystywana nanotechnologia. Podwalinę wiedzy konsumentów na temat specyficznych właściwości nanomateriałów, zwłaszcza zaś korzyści z ich innowacyjnych zastosowań, powinny stanowić akcje informacyjne instytucji i organów unijnych oraz krajowych, w tym źródła internetowe, a także publicznie dostępny rejestr produktów zawierających nanomateriały.

Źródło:

Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały; 2018, 1(22); 139-146
1689-8052
2451-0807

Pojawia się w:

Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 99.

Tytuł:

Contribution of the EU Budget to the Implementation of the Social Cohesion Policy of the European Union

Autorzy:

Stabryła-Chudzio, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465596.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016-06-15

Wydawca:

Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie

Tematy:

social cohesion
financial instruments of the European Union
EU budget
cohesion policy

Opis:

Objective: The aim of the present study is to examine whether the European Union budget comprises significant resources for financing measures relating to social cohesion. The analysis is based on the contents of the Europe 2020 Strategy. Given the constraints of space and for the sake of clarity of the argument, the author focuses on the role of the EU budget rather than all measures aimed at social cohesion undertaken by EU institutions or targeted by policies of individual Member States.Methodology: Documents, studies and reports published by the European Commission constitute the main source of information. In addition, the author has taken into account macroeconomic data demonstrating the deterioration of the social situation since 2009, as well as the instruments that the European Commission has deployed since 2013 in order to respond to post-crisis challenges.Conclusions: It can be roughly estimated that more than 40 percent of total resources within the Multiannual Financial Framework 2014–2020 shall be allocated to the social cohesion policy. Opportunities afforded by the implementation of the Europe 2020 Strategy include primarily the definition of objectives whose priority is indisputable and the introduction of the hitherto neglected analysis of certain socio-economic indicators, classified by country or region and, in certain cases, examined in more detail than required by the European Commission. The monitoring of objectives is conducive to the introduction of new solutions and implementation tools, as exemplified by the new instruments within the Multiannual Financial Framework 2014–2020, as well as the adjustment of available funds in light of the most pressing challenges. The European Semester has facilitated the task of comparing progress in strategy implementation by individual Member States, as well as the provision of recommendations for each of them and an individualized approach.Research implications: This article contributes to the discussion on further integration of the European Union’s social dimension, with particular emphasis on the need to work out a common approach to immigration policy.Originality: The author presents her own opinions regarding current events in terms of the post-crisis social cohesion policies of the European Union, taking into account the European Commission’s financial instruments.

Źródło:

Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe; 2016, 2; 89-106
2450-7814

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 100.

Tytuł:

Kierunki rozwoju transportu w Unii Europejskiej
Directions of development of transport in the European Union

Autorzy:

Motowidlak, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/597096.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe

Tematy:

transport
Unia Europejska
system transportu zorganizowanego
the European Union
organized transport system

Opis:

The purpose of the article was to present the development of transport systems in the European Union (EU) in comparison with alterations in the European transport systems which should be conducted till I decade of XXI century. European transport policy had a great influence on increase of competitiveness Europe in the last decade. The changes of quantity and work structure which were recorded in 1995–2008 both in passenger and goods transport led to the predominance of transport by car. Current tendencies and future aims indicate a need for satisfying the increasing demand for availability with accordance to great fears which sustainable development concern. The better integration of various transport systems is the most urgent goal currently. It will lead to general improvement of transport system’s effectiveness.

Źródło:

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2011, LXXXIV (84); 369-379
0081-6841

Pojawia się w:

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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