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Tytuł:
Tabloid – geneza idei
The Tabloid – a Genesis of Ideas
Autorzy:
Nieć, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1857212.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
demokratyzacja
Europa
komercjalizacja mediów
kultura masowa
opinia publiczna
prasa popularna
wiadomość prasowa (news)
USA
democratization
Europe
commercialization of the media
mass culture
public opinion
popular press
news
the USA
Opis:
The sketch presents tabloid as a neutral, not laden by emotions (hence I renounce such terms as yellow paper, scandal sheet, or rag), manner by which to sell information and entertainment. Sometimes I use such terms as sensational press, but this concerns only some tabloids. I analyze how this form of communication in social reality influences the processes of the democratization of society (extension of the freedom of the individual), how it extends the concepts of public debate on democracy, understood here as a participation in political life and in matters that have a bearing on political life. Taking the stance of a representative of political sciences, historian of ideas, specialist in media, I analyze the genesis of the idea of tabloid and the characteristic elements of this press. I point only to some factors.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2003, 31, 1; 149-177
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Media, zło i społeczeństwo. Wykorzystanie mediów i ich wpływ na postrzeganie przestępczości i postawy wobec polityki karnej
Media, Evil and Society. Media Use and its Impacts on Crime Perception, Sentencing Attitudes and Crime Policy
Autorzy:
Pfeiffer, Christian
Windzio, Michael
Kleimann, Matthias
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
polityka karna
przestępczość
media
opinia publiczna
crime
crime policy
society
crime perception
public opinion
Opis:
ln democratic societies, crime policy and its management by parliaments and ministries largely depends on trends in crime. If, over a prolonged period. the media report strong upward trends in the number of crimes committed and if the public clebate on crime focuses on spectacular, serious crimes, policymakers come under heavy pressure to increase statutory punishments and tighten the rules of procedure for criminal prosecutions. The courts in turn feel bound to hand out tougher sentences – passed in the name of the people, their judgements are meant to reflect public opinion. The question thus arises as to whether long periods of either dwindling or stable crime figures allow policymakers and the courts to soften punishments for specific offences and to place, for example, the notion of offender-victim compensation and offender resocialisation at the forefront. There is thus every reason to raise awareness of the relationship between the media and the perceptions of crime. The German Police Crime Statistics for the last 10 years indicate a strong downward trend in the number of crimes that people perceive as very threatening or generally worrying. There has been a 45 percent reduction both in the number of break-ins in private homes and in bank robberies. In the past l0 years, the number of murders has dropped by around 41 percent. Car thefts are down by as much as 70 percent. While other offences like fraud have increased, there has been a slight overall reduction in the number of crimes recorded since 1993. In the light of our ageing society, this hardly comes as a surprise. In the past decade, the 18 to 30 age group - a group which in 1993, for example, made up almost half of all crime suspects - has shrunk from 9.4 to 7 percent of the population. Conversely, there has been a strong increase (from 20.4 to 24.4 percent) in the numer of people aged 60 and over a group that accounts for less than 3 percent of all violent crime suspects. Germany's ageing society is evidently good for domestic security. Another significant preventive effect is the stabillsation in migration since 1993. Positive trends of the type indicated for the last 10 years can, of course, only influence crime policy if they shape the public debate on crime and are made known to a broad majority of the population. But this is not always the case. Whether or not crime is on the increase or the decrease is not usually something most people are aware of. Unlike the rise and fall of fuel prices that we can all observe at local filling stations, crime is a social phenomenon that often happens out of public view. Even when crime occurs in public, say graffiti spraying on the walls of buildings, drug dealing in open spaces, and mass hooliganism among drunken football fans, even those who regularly observe such events can at best estimate their frequency based on the world they see. The limited geographical scope of their personal experience does not allow them to make a reliable assessment of trends in the occurrence and the gravity of such offences. This is certainly the case as regards serious crimes that occur less frequently. In assessing the situation, members of the general public must rely entirely on what is reported by the mass media. The question arises, therefore, as to how people perceive current trends in crime and what role the media play in influencing their judgement.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2006, XXVIII; 33-55
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozwój zrównoważony w aspekcie społeczeństwa medialnego
Sustainable development and medial society
Autorzy:
Fiut, I. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/371336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Człowiek i Środowisko PAN
Tematy:
rozwój zrównoważony
rozwój balansujący
dobro wspólne
społeczeństwo medialne
media publiczne
sustainable development
balanced development
collective good
medial society
public media
Opis:
Przedmiotem tego szkicu jest próba przedstawienia argumentów na rzecz tezy, że rozwijające się społeczeństwo medialne będzie wspierać z wielu proponowanych koncepcji model balansujący rozwoju zrównoważonego. Zostaną więc przedstawione dyskutowane w literaturze przedmiotowej kategorie tego typu rozwoju, następnie związki przedmiotowe tej kategorii z pojęciem dobra zbiorowego, opisywanego w ujęciach teorio - growych, charakterystycznych dla współczesnego społeczeństwa obywatelskiego, ulęgającego procesom globalizacji. Ona bowiem powoduje, że staje się ono społeczeństwem postindustrialnym, w którym wiodącą formą organizacji życia zbiorowego w interakcjach ze środowiskiem społecznym i przyrodniczym jest ich medializacja, umożliwiająca ludziom komunikowanie się ze sobą i swym środowiskiem na niespotykaną dotąd skalę. W związku z faktem, że idee neoliberalne opisujące zbiorowe życie ludzi doprowadziły do kryzysu media publiczne, a ich dalszy rozwój stanowi warunek urzeczywistniania idei rozwoju zrównoważonego, szczególnie jego względnie trwałego charakteru, dla urzeczywistnienia jego balansującego modelu media takie stają się konieczne, a więc i te kwestie podejmujemy w przedstawionych tu rozważaniach. Uważamy bowiem, że balansujący rozwój zrównoważony w przestrzeni rozwijającego się społeczeństwa medialnego jest realną drogą do budowania w nim ładu ekologicznego w ramach zintegrowanego ładu społecznego.
The paper argues that the developing medial society will support the balancing model of sustained development, selected out of several other solutions. Various categories of this development will be discussed, as presented in the literature on the subject, as will the relationship between sustainable development and the concept of collective welfare, defined in game theory terms, characteristic for the contemporary citizen society subject to globalization processes. Globalization transforms the society into the postindustrial one, in which the growing influence of the media on society of interactions with social and the natural environment plays a major role in the organization of the collective life. It is this which allows inter-human communication on an unprecedented scale, as well as communication with the environment. Neo-liberal theories describing the collective life of people have resulted in a crisis in the public media. Yet, their further development constitutes the condition of actualizing the idea of sustainable development. Media turns out to be indispensable for the realization of a balancing model. This problem will also be discussed in this paper. The author considers the balancing influence of sustainable development within the space of developing medial society as the real path towards the building of ecological order within the framework of social order.
Źródło:
Problemy Ekorozwoju; 2007, 2, 2; 85-93
1895-6912
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Ekorozwoju
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
(Liberal) mass media and the (multi)party system in postcommunist Lithuania
Autorzy:
Matonytė, Irmina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-09
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
political parallelism
populism
communicative democracy
mass-media ownership
public sphere
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to describe and assess the political parallelism pertinent to the post-communist Lithuanian mass media; and to show potential risk (for democracy, civil society) of the absence of the political parallelism. Referring to the concepts, communicative democracy is defined as free, open and democratic communication organized around three equally legitimate public sphere actors – politicians, journalists and public opinion, and populism is understood as good, entertaining and effective communication with people, eroding basic functions of the political parties (institution- alization of ideological confl icts) and politicians (representation). The paper provides insights about the dangers to quality of democracy which the free mass media might present when it gets utterly away from political parallelism. Special attention is placed on the tendencies of media personnel to be active in the political life. Th e (universal) contemporary mass society phenomenon, coupled with the (post- communist regional) ill-structured of the post-communist political field and (local) specific traditions of the Lithuanian political culture and public sphere, gave birth to the peculiar absence of the mass- media and politics parallelism in the country. In the conditions of the relative absence of foreign ownership of the mass-media outlets in Lithuania, the local media barons are able to produce and impose their own public-agenda, which hampers development of the civic-minded public sphere and definition of the social and professional responsibilities of the journalism as a profession and as a so- cial category. The Lithuanian mass-media and government relations evolve along the lines of the zero-sum game: they seek to control each other, and at the same time try to avoid being controlled by the other, while any other pattern of inter-relations does not appear as viable and appropriate.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2008, 1, 1; 123-144
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public service market? Commercial activities of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK)
Autorzy:
Roppen, Johann
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470951.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-09
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
Norway
public service broadcasting
commercial
media regulation
law
Opis:
In this paper the commercial activities of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation are presented and discussed. The legal framework and political discussion is presented in the context of media policy as well as competition at the national level and state-subsidies at the European (EFTA/EU) level.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2008, 1, 1; 79-94
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Etyczne i wychowawcze aspekty opinii publicznej
Ethical and Educational Aspects of Public Opinion
Autorzy:
Lepa, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
public opinion
survey ethics
media facts
opinion society
Opis:
This paper is concerned with the issue of public opinion considered from two points of view: ethical and educational. It has been inspired by the insufficient knowledge of society about public opinion as well as the gullibility of the general public as regards the acceptance of the results of public opinion polls. Therefore, the ethical and educational dimension of this phenomenon are not recognized, which results in a severe lack of research and publications on the topic. The paper consists of three parts. The first part introduces basic facts about public opinion and its major mechanisms. The second one deals with the phenomenon of public opinion as an ethical problem, while the third one is devoted to the problem of education aimed at the development of mature perception of public opinion and active participation in the process. The problem of public opinion is treated as an important and urgent task for ethicists and teachers. This seems relevant as an increasing influence of public opinion on both individuals and a whole society is observed in various areas, including politics, economy, culture and trade. Public opinion also affects an information order, which is of significance to the state and its citizens in the light of the emergence of a communication society.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2009, 12, 2
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU structural funds’ publicity and the practice of journalism and public relations in Lithuania
Autorzy:
Nevinskaitė, Laima
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
EU structural funds
publicity measures
media
public relations
journalism ethics
advertorials
Opis:
The aim of the article is to analyse the practice of EU structural funds projects’ publicity in Lithuania, concentrating on the issue of the so called “paid articles,” used by many of the EU fund- ed projects. It is considered to be a negative practice, since in this case a big part of the information on EU funded projects is presented in a cost ineffective way. It might also reinforce the tendencies in the media to expect companies or public institutions to pay for a publication instead of relying on ethical relationships with public relations sources. The article attempts to show how the publicity measures of EU structural funds projects have adapted to the existing practices and have reinforced them.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2009, 2, 1(2); 149-164
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Formation of Estonian broadcasting landscape 1994–2007: Experience of the transition state
Autorzy:
Jõesaar, Andres
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
Public-service broadcasting
European Union
media policy
Estonia
media market
Opis:
The article analyses the changes in the Estonian television landscape between the years 1992 and 2007. The article states that, in the conditions of Estonian liberal policy (Knell, Srholec, 2007; Holmes et al., 2008), European Union media regulation and television stations’ economic con- ditions, influenced by the size of the Estonian television market, led to the enforcement of the legis- lation which was economically advantageous and protectionist towards commercial TV-stations owned by international corporations. As a result, profit for private television companies was guaran- teed but, at the same time, the value of the offered contents diminished. The Broadcasting Act amend- ments from 2000–2001 were aimed to increase the promotion of Estonian culture and to guarantee its better refl ection. In reality Acts’ impact was minor and private channels commercialized. As a re- sult of these processes, the private television programmes aired today are equable and entertainment dominates.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2009, 2, 1(2); 43-62
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Attributes of the Fourth Estate. In the Area of Medial Theories and Politics
Autorzy:
Hofman, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028133.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Public Relations
Media
Politics
Opis:
The term “Fourth Estate” is becoming more and more common and acquires various connotations. It seems that processes of mediatisation of politics and tabloidisation of the media greatly contribute to phenomenon. Numerous examples of that sort are provided by the permanent election campaigns in Poland, mutual relationship between different types of media and political public relations, as well as the relationship between the media and the ruling coalition.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2009, 38; 47-57
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the Council of Europe and other European institutions on the media law system in postSoviet states
Autorzy:
Richter, Andrei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
media law
Council of Europe
post-Soviet countries
Russia
journalism
public broad-casting
OSCE
PACE
Opis:
In the post-Soviet states of today globalization is taking place predominantly to the West’s values for human rights and fundamental freedoms. This process is being driven by such interna- tional organizations as the European Union, Council of Europe and OSCE, which operate here prima- rily as human-rights protectors. Th organizations have exerted significant pressure on the authori- ties in the countries in this study, especially Azerbaijan, Armenia, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova and Ukraine. The media reforms that international bodies are influencing in these countries are generally leading towards a more robust model for independent journalism. The concept of free- dom of mass information is reviving, state broadcasters are being turned into public-service, and other changes are taking place.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2009, 2, 1(2); 15-26
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agenda setting, priming, framing – TV news in Poland during election campaigns 2005 and 2007. Comparative analysis
Autorzy:
Nowak, Ewa
Riedel, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471105.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
agenda setting
framing, priming
media agenda
public agenda
political agenda
Opis:
The goal of the study is to verify, based on empirical data, the agenda setting, framing and priming theoretical conclusions and to utilize them as interpretative narratives on the pre-election period of media discourse on Polish TV. Then the question was – how the media set the agenda, which frames they used to make news interpretation, and what was/were the most accessible real problems/issues, that conditioned party/candidate assessment (if at all) and at last – which (if at all) would have been the consequences of the mentioned above media reporting towards political process? The empirical base of investigation were TV news programs in Polish both public (TVP1 – “Wiadomości”) and commercial TV (TVN – “Fakty”).
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 2(5); 237-252
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Danish Public Service Broadcasting in transition: From monopoly to a digital media environment – a shift in paradigms
Autorzy:
Nielsen, Poul Erik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
public service broadcasting
media policy
media institutions
digital media
Opis:
Danish Public Service Broadcasting has gone through two consecutive transitions. The first in the late 1980s and early 1990s was a transition from a paternalistic public service monopoly, Danmarks Radio, to a so-called Danish model with two dominating non-profit public service stations in a competitive television system. The second is an ongoing transition from public service broadcasting in an increasingly politicised and competitive television system to public service media in a complex digital media environment. The article analyses the transition processes in a media system and media policy approach with focus on political, juridical, economic, and institutional perspectives. The article presents two main arguments. Firstly, the institution Danmarks Radio, the politicians, and most of the national cultural elite experienced the first transition as revolutionary, and in respect to agenda setting, mode of address, and institutional changes the transition was revolutionary, but the ‘real’ revolutionary transition is the current transition to a digital media environment where the original idea of broadcasting is challenged by fundamental changes in the relation between media institutions and media users. Hence the whole concept of public service has to be reconsidered, and the public service institutions will have to reinvent new positions for themselves. Secondly, Danish media policy in general and public service broadcasting in particular has historically been dominated by a national cultural and political paradigm, but in the current situation are (national) cultural issues marginalised and the media policy is governed within international economic and legal paradigms.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 1(4); 115-129
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Duality of Estonian Public Service Media in reflection of the world and in positioning society
Autorzy:
Lõhmus, Maarja
Tiikmaa, Helle
Jõesaar, Andres
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471119.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
public service broadcasting
commercial broadcasting
media policy
public sphere
Estonia
Opis:
This article focuses on changes in the public service broadcasting system of Estonia in the 1990s and 2000s. We present our vision of the paradigms changed and of principles in the structure of Public Sphere. We determined four periods of paradigm change: 1991–1994 the period of a new defining Public Service; 1994–1999 the period of enlargement and aggressive structuring of Broadcasting Field; 2000–2007 the period of stabilisation and from 2007 the period of restructuring Public Service Broadcasting. We present our arguments in support of these periods. We offer the study of Estonian Public Service Broadcaster as a model case, one option of development of PSB in the 1990s and 2000s. The empirical basis of the article relies on the results of analyses of radio and TV programmes and audiences carried out by the researchers of University of Tartu.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 1(4); 95-113
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mission (im)possible. The case of Lithuanian Public Service Broadcasting
Autorzy:
Pečiulis, Žygintas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
audiovisual media
public service
Lithuanian Radio and Television management
funding
Opis:
The Lithuanian Radio and Television (the LRT 1 ) has been performing the functions of the public service broadcaster for two decades. Its mission is defined by the law; the former state subordination was replaced by the public administration (the LRT Council). The LRT is facing problems that are characteristic of the participants of the European audiovisual sector of the competitive era as well as specific problems of the post-communist states’ development. There were no traditions of public service in Lithuania, the reorganization of the audiovisual sector coincided with dramatic changes in public, political and economic life of Lithuania. Although formally the LRT meets the requirements set for the European public service broadcasting, from time to time, the question of independence of public service arises. The possibility of political power to interfere in the matters of LRT is revealed in the article through the particular case – through the analysis of the so-called Diarchy Case when due to the influence on the LRT the interests of the former and new political majorities clashed. The case reveals that it is possible to make political impact on the public service by announcing aspirations of full depoliticization. It is possible to pursue political goals of the governing majority through financial levels as well. After the idea of subscription fee has remained unrealized we see how difficult it is to find alternative funding sources for the public service broadcaster.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 1(4); 81-94
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multimedia development of PSBs: A challenge for the Nordic Media Systems
Autorzy:
Roppen, Johann
Nord, Lars
Lund, Anker Brink
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
Norway
Sweden
Denmark
Finland
public service broadcasting
media policy
Internet
digital media
multimedia
Opis:
Public Service Broadcasting has been a distinct feature of the media systems in the Nordic countries. In the perspective of media policy the Nordic countries have shared common features such as universality regarding content and reach independence from government, funding by licence fee and no advertising. A press run in accordance with free market principles has been an equally important feature, making the systems highly mixed regarding governance and control. The last decades the PSBs have faced competition from an increasing number of purely commercial broadcasters as well as hybrid PSBs. Even more recently the PSBs are facing challenges from multimedia technologies and markets. Are these new challenges and opportunities changing media policy and the PSBs position in the media systems? Or is new technology being shaped to fit traditional public service ideas? The results from this analysis indicate that the PSBs to some extent have flirted with the commercial aspects of new multimedia technologies, but partly these experiments have been called off by widening the concept of PSBs to public service media, and partly the financial payoffs have been miniscule and also have produced heavy criticism. What has come out of these processes seems to be a confirmation of the basic values of the public service mission.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 1(4); 131-146
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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