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    Wyświetlanie 1-47 z 47
    Tytuł:
    The influence of intracellular idarubicin and daunorubicin levels on drug cytotoxicity in childhood acute leukemia.
    Autorzy:
    Styczyński, Jan
    Wysocki, Mariusz
    Dębski, Robert
    Kurylak, Andrzej
    Balwierz, Walentyna
    Rokicka-Milewska, Roma
    Matysiak, Michał
    Balcerska, Anna
    Kowalczyk, Jerzy
    Wachowiak, Jacek
    Sońta-Jakimczyk, Danuta
    Chybicka, Alicja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1043814.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    P-glycoprotein
    acute myeloblastic leukemia
    anthracyclines
    acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    drug resistance
    Opis:
    Uptake and efflux of two anthracyclines, idarubicin (IDA) and daunorubicin (DNR), was studied in childhood acute leukemia samples. A comparison of IDA and DNR transport phenomena in relation to drug cytotoxicity and expression of P-glycoprotein (PGP) was made. Intracellular content of IDA/DNR was determined by flow cytometry using the fluorescent properties of the drugs. In vitro drug cytotoxicity was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. PGP expression was analysed by flow cytometry. The uptake and efflux rates were non-significantly higher for IDA than DNR. There were no differences between three types of leukemia with respect to drug content during accumulation and retention. After correction for the cell volume, intracellular concentration of both drugs in each moment of uptake and efflux was significantly lower in relapsed ALL and AML samples in comparison with initial ALL cells. Efflux, but not uptake, of both drugs was inversely correlated with PGP expression and IDA, but not DNR, cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity was correlated with drug accumulation for both drugs and with drug retention for IDA. In conclusion, it seems that (1) intracellular content was related to the lipophilic properties of the drugs rather than to the type of leukemia, (2) decreased intracellular concentration of both drugs might have an impact on compromised therapy results in AML and relapsed ALL children, (3) IDA presents higher cytotoxicity, which possibly might be decreased by the presence of PGP. These results might have a practical impact on the rational design of new chemotherapy protocols.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2002, 49, 1; 99-107
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cytotoxic effect of nitric oxide on human hematological malignant cells.
    Autorzy:
    Tsumori, Michihiro
    Tanaka, Junko
    Koshimura, Kunio
    Kawaguchi, Mikiko
    Murakami, Yoshio
    Kato, Yuzuru
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1043819.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    lymphoma
    myeloma
    leukemia
    nitric oxide
    Opis:
    We investigated the cytotoxic effect of nitric oxide (NO) on primary culture of human hematological malignant cells. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, had cytotoxic effects on the cells of some patients with malignant lymphoma (ML), acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL), but not with multiple myeloma. Cultured cells from the ML patient remained sensitive to SNP after the cells became resistant to anti-cancer drugs. In contrast, the cells from the patients with AML and CMMoL became resistant to SNP while anti-cancer drugs remained effective. In samples of the cells of the patients with ML and AML, the number of CD3 positive lymphoma cell was decreased by SNP and the number of CD33 negative cells and normal B lymphocytes (CD19 positive cells) were increased. In the cells of the patient with ML, apoptosis was induced by SNP. SNP had no effect on lymphocytes of healthy volunteers. These results suggest that SNP had an anti-tumor effect on human hematological malignant cells.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2002, 49, 1; 139-144
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preliminary crystallographic studies of Y25F mutant of periplasmic Escherichia coli L-asparaginase.
    Autorzy:
    Kozak, Maciej
    Jaskólski, Mariusz
    Röhm, Klaus
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044330.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    protein crystallography
    mutagenesis
    leukemia
    amidohydrolase
    Opis:
    Periplasmic Escherichia coli L-asparaginase II with Y25F mutation in the active-site cavity has been obtained by recombinant techniques. The protein was crystallized in a new hexagonal form (P6522). Single crystals of this polymorph, suitable for X-ray diffraction, were obtained by vapor diffusion using 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol as precipitant (pH 4.8). The crystals are characterized by a = 81.0, c = 341.1 Å and diffract to 2.45 Å resolution. The asymmetric unit contains two protein molecules arranged into an AB dimer. The physiologically relevant ABA'B' homotetramer is generated by the action of the crystallographic 2-fold axis along [1, -1, 0]. Kinetic studies show that the loss of the phenolic hydroxyl group at position 25 brought about by the replacement of Y with F strongly impairs kcat without significantly affecting Km.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2000, 47, 3; 807-814
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nursing care of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    Autorzy:
    Ślifirczyk, A.
    Piszcz, P.
    Ślifirczyk, M.
    Michalczuk, T.
    Urbańczuk, M.
    Celiński, M.
    Bytys, M.
    Domańska, D.
    Nikoniuk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918640.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    cancer
    care
    Opis:
    Every year a very large number of children in the world suffer from acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and for years there has been a steady increase in the number of new cases. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for 75% of leukemia cases in the world. Lymphoblastic leukemia is a cancer disease that originates in B or T cell lymphocytes, which expansion takes place in blood and in the bone marrow. The etiology of the disease is not fully understood because it consists of several factors conditioning its formation. The most important element is the early detection and taking actions resulting in effective disease control through treatment and care of the patient. The nursing process should allow the patient to be involved in and accept the ongoing cancer process, and medical personnel, family and specialists in such fields as psychology and psychiatry should participate.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2018, 8(2); 168-173
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Opposite changes of regulatory T cell blood content may differentially contribute to atherosclerosis or lymphoproliferative disorders
    Autorzy:
    Pylaeva, Ekaterina
    Potekhina, Aleksandra
    Pogorelova, Olga
    Tripoten, Maria
    Balakhonova, Tatiana
    Filatova, Anastasia
    Klesareva, Elena
    Afanasieva, Olga
    Noeva, Elena
    Arefieva, Tatiana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1064986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Medical Education
    Tematy:
    B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    Opis:
    Background. Chronic autoimmune inflammation in arterial wall may lead to atherosclerosis progression. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Treg, Th17 and B1a cell blood frequencies as well as IgM autoantibodies to oxLDL and the abundance of carotid atherosclerosis. Material and methods. 18 patients with increased IMT (intima-media thickness) and 65 patients with different severity of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were included. Treg, Th17 and B1a cell blood frequencies were assessed via direct immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry, oxLDL as well as IgM autoantibodies to oxLDL were measured with commercial kits. Results. We observed higher values of Treg in patients without carotid atherosclerosis. Patients with intact carotid arteries as compared to patients with mild atherosclerotic plaques had decreased Th1 levels. OxLDL IgM levels were higher in patients with intact carotid arteries. Patients who received statin treatment had higher levels of Treg. Immunophenotyping of B cells revealed two cases of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and 1 case of B-CLL (B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia) in elderly patients with intact carotid arteries. Conclusion. We hypothesize that certain parameters of cell immunity may hamper atherosclerosis while protecting from lymphoproliferative disorders.
    Źródło:
    OncoReview; 2016, 6, 1; A29-36
    2450-6125
    Pojawia się w:
    OncoReview
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Monocytes in children with leukemias and lymphomas - down-regulation of HLA and costimulatory molecules.
    Autorzy:
    Łuczyński, Włodzimierz
    Stasiak-Barmuta, Anna
    Krawczuk-Rybak, Maryna
    Szymański, Marcin
    Malinowska, Iwona
    Mitura-Lesiuk, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    infection
    lymphoma
    costimulation
    leukemia
    monocytes
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to evaluate the function of monocytes in children with leukemias and lymphomas based on the expression of critical costimulatory, activatory and adhesion molecules (CD80, CD86, HLA-DR and CD54 = ICAM-1), estimated with tricolor flow cytometry. In comparison to the control group we found a lower percentage of monocytes with costimulatory molecules (CD80 before and CD86 after lipopolysaccharide stimulation) at the time of diagnosis and of monocytes with HLA-DR molecules after remission induction. We also noted a lower percentage of monocytes with HLA-DR expression in the group with severe or therapy resistant infections. The results of our investigation suggest some defect in costimulation and antigen presentation in lymphoproliferative diseases in children.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2004, 51, 4; 1067-1073
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    In vitro activity of oxazaphosphorines in childhood acute leukemia: Preliminary report.
    Autorzy:
    Styczyński, Jan
    Wysocki, Mariusz
    Dębski, Robert
    Balwierz, Walentyna
    Rokicka-Milewska, Roma
    Matysiak, Michał
    Balcerska, Anna
    Kowalczyk, Jerzy
    Wachowiak, Jacek
    Sońta-Jakimczyk, Danuta
    Chybicka, Alicja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1043830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    ALL
    leukemia
    sensitivity
    glufosfamide
    resistance
    Opis:
    Glufosfamide (β-D-glucosyl-ifosfamide mustard) is a new agent for cancer chemotherapy. Its pharmacology is similar to commonly used oxazaphosphorines, but it does not require activation by hepatic cytochrome P-450 and preclinically demonstrates lower nephrotoxicity and myelosuppression than ifosfamide. The aim of the study was a comparison of the drug resistance profiles of glufosfamide and other oxazaphosphorines in childhood acute leukemias. Leukemic cells, taken from children with ALL on diagnosis (n = 41), ALL on relapse (n = 12) and AML on diagnosis (n= 13) were analyzed by means of the MTT assay. The following drugs were tested: glufosfamide (GLU), 4-HOO-ifosfamide (IFO), 4-HOO-cyclophosphamide (CYC) and mafosfamide cyclohexylamine salt (MAF). In the group of initial ALL samples median cytotoxicity values for GLU, IFO, CYC and MAF were 15.5, 33.8, 15.7 and 7.8 μM, respectively. In comparison with initial ALL samples, the relative resistance for GLU and IFO in relapsed ALL samples was 1.9 (p = 0.049) and 1.3 (ns), and in initial AML samples 31 (p < 0.001) and 5 (p = 0.001), respectively. All oxazaphosphorines presented highly significant cross-resistance. Glufosfamide presented high activity against lymphoblasts both on diagnosis and on relapse.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2002, 49, 1; 221-225
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Myeloid sarcoma associated with blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia - case report
    Autorzy:
    Szymczyk, Agnieszka
    Podhorecka, Monika
    Tomczak, Waldemar
    Szumiło, Justyna
    Hus, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972387.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    myeloid sarcoma
    chronic myelogenous leukemia
    blast crisis
    Opis:
    Introduction. Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary tumour which may precede or occur concomitantly with bone marrow involvement in acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or blast crisis in chronic myeloproliferative disorder. Myeloid sarcoma is most commonly found in lymph nodes, skin, subcutaneous tissue and gums, while it is less common in bones, the retroperitoneal space and eye socket. Case Report. The case is reported of a 65-year-old woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia treated for about 20 years with hydroxyurea, 6-mercaptopurine and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. During the treatment, the general condition of the patient progressively deteriorated, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly worsened, and blast crisis was diagnosed. After the first cycle of induction chemotherapy, the patient’s lymph nodes were swollen and painful. One of the lymph nodes was subjected to histopathology, on the basis of which a diagnosis of MS was made. As the patient showed no response to the treatment, palliative care was initiated. Three months after the diagnosis of MS, the disease progressed. The patient died of infectious complications. Conclusions: A diagnosis of MS, which is considered an adverse prognostic factor, significantly reduces the chances of remission and overall survival in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or blast crisis inchronic myeloproliferative disorders. It seems that early confirmation of the diagnosis and initiation of the treatment adjusted to the patient’s clinical condition may improve the prognosis and increase the response rates.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2016, 10, 2; 136-139
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of the efficacy of ofatumumab in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated in the Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation of the Medical University in Lublin - prelimary results
    Autorzy:
    Wasik-Szczepanek, E.
    Szymczyk, A.
    Kowal, M.
    Nogalski, A.
    Hus, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081565.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    ofatumumab
    monoclonal antibodies
    immunotherapy
    Opis:
    Introduction. Despite significant recent advances in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), most cases of the disease are still incurable. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies, such as ofatumumab, is one of the new therapeutic options. Objective. Retrospective analysis of the efficacy of ofatumumab in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) treated in the Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Department of the Medical University of Lublin, Poland, during 2011–2013. Materials and method. The analysis included 5 patients (3 women and 2 men), aged 47–65, with Rai stage II-IV CLL, after a few lines of treatment. Three patients received ofatumumab in monotherapy and 2 patients received ofatumumab in combination with cyclophosphamide (50 mg/day) and dexamethasone (40 mg/day). All patients included in the study were diagnosed with an active form of leukaemia with symptoms such as lymphocytosis or massive lymphadenopathy. Results. All patients responded to the treatment. Within the first 8 weeks of the treatment, levels of white blood cells returned to normal in patients with baseline lymphocytosis (3 patients). An increase in platelet levels was reported in 3 patients. Haemoglobin levels were higher or comparable to the baseline values in all studied patients after the completion of immunotherapy. In the patient with massive lymphadenopathy and hepato- and splenomegaly, the size of the lymph nodes, spleen and liver decreased and neutrophil levels increased. Time of progression was 5–12 months, and in one patient partial remission has been maintained. The treatment was well-tolerated in most cases. Asymptomatic neutropenia and an infection with Candida glabrata were observed. Conclusions. Ofatumumab may be a new and safe therapeutic option for patients with CLL after a few lines of treatment.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 1; 56-59
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reversal of drug resistance by silencing Survivin gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia cells
    Autorzy:
    Wu, Yao-Hui
    You, Yong
    Chen, Zhi-Chao
    Zou, Ping
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040668.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    chemotherapeutic resistance
    Survivin
    acute myeloid leukemia
    shRNA
    apoptosis
    Opis:
    The role of Survivin in the pathogenesis of leukemia was explored in order to discover the effective avenues for gene therapy. Most primary leukemia cells isolated from patients as well as three leukemia cell lines (HL-60, K562, and U937) all expressed Survivin gene. To investigate the relationship between Survivin and chemotherapeutic resistance, HL-60 cells were treated with daunorubicin (DNR), mitoxantrone (MIT) or arsenious oxide (As2O3), and it was found that after 24 h the level of Survivin mRNA was decreased by 9.7%, 41.0% and 27.5%, respectively. At 72 h, the level of Survivin mRNA was increased by 21.2% and 65.2% in HL-60 cells treated with DNR or MIT, but decreased by 33.2% in those treated with As2O3 as compared with that in the cells treated for 24 h. These results showed that DNR and MIT could initally decrease the expression of Survivin and then increase it, but As2O3 could decrease the Survivin expression continually. Furthermore, shRNA plasmids targeting the Survivin gene (pEGFP-Survivin), which can silence the expression of Survivin with a high specificity, were constructed. pEGFP-Survivin and pEGFP-H1 were transfected into HL-60 cells via electroporation and selected by G418, and HL-60/Survivin and HL-60/EGFP cells were obtained. After treatment with DNR, the cell survival rate and IC50 of DNR in HL-60/Survivin cells were decreased substantially as compared with those of HL-60/EGFP and HL-60 cells (IC50 of DNR: 18.3 ± 2.45 vs 40.8 ± 6.37 and 39.2 ± 5.91 ng/ml, respectively), and the apoptosis rate was elevated ((84.3 ± 19.7)% vs (45.8 ± 13.8)% and (50.9 ± 12.4)%, respectively). These results suggest that shRNA can down-regulate the expression of Survivin in HL-60 cells substantially and improve their sensitivity to DNR. They also further explain the pathogenesis of leukemia drug resistance and provide new theory in the design of clinical therapies.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2008, 55, 4; 673-680
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Partial remission in patient with Richter syndrome: an „emergency” treatment with pixantrone
    Autorzy:
    Szwedyk, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035640.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Medical Education
    Tematy:
    Richter syndrome
    chemotherapy
    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    immunotherapy
    pixantrone
    Opis:
    Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most commonly recognized type of leukemia in adults. The appearance of systemic symptoms such as weight loss, fever, or local symptoms in the form of rapidly growing organomegaly, lymphadenopathy in a patient with CLL raises the suspicion of transformation into a high-grade lymphoma – defined as Richter syndrome which is usually associated with very poor prognosis. The described case concerns a 71-year-old patient with this diagnosis, in whom due to the confirmed resistance to subsequent lines of immuno- and chemotherapy, an „emergency” treatment with a modern chemotherapy drug from the aza-anthracendion group – pixantrone was used. Treatment with pixantrone was associated with a relatively good response, translating into partial remission (also in the area of infiltrative changes in the head and neck structures), stabilization of the course of the disease and, consequently, allowed to extend the patient’s life.
    Źródło:
    OncoReview; 2020, 10, 2; 52-56
    2450-6125
    Pojawia się w:
    OncoReview
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia on the cardiovascular system
    Autorzy:
    Sacha, Tomasz
    Góra-Tybor, Joanna
    Szmit, Sebastian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035757.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Medical Education
    Tematy:
    cardiovascular toxicity
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    tyrosine kinase inhibitors
    Opis:
    The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia has significantly improved the prognosis and outcomes for most patients. Clinical trials indicate that long-term CML therapy requires the introduction of second- or third-generation inhibitors in approximately 40–50% of cases. Effective in the case of imatinib resistance or intolerance, second generation TKI’s can also be used as a first-line treatment, leading to a faster, and deeper molecular response. TKIs, however, have also been observed to cause significant late adverse effects, including cardiovascular complications, which may raise certain safety concerns. The excellent treatment outcomes achieved with tyrosine kinase inhibitors have led to a gradual increase in the number and age of treated patients, and the associated higher incidence and severity of age-related co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and congestive heart failure, which raise the risk of treatment-related cardiovascular complications. The article discusses the effects of individual TKIs on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications and presents the results of clinical trials that studied their impact on the incidence of such events.
    Źródło:
    OncoReview; 2019, 9, 1; 3-21
    2450-6125
    Pojawia się w:
    OncoReview
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene in the development of hematologic cancers in upstate New York
    Autorzy:
    Boberg, Erik
    Lessner, Lawrence
    Carpenter, David O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185371.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    environmental exposure
    lymphoma
    Leukemia
    ecological study
    ethnic difference
    Opis:
    Objectives: Epidemiologic studies suggest an association between environmental exposure to benzene and hematologic cancers, but the relationship is not fi rmly established. The aim of this study was to assess the potential association between residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene and hospitalization discharge rates for persons having hematologic cancers. Materials and Methods: We determined the number of hospital discharges of people with hematologic cancers in New York State except for New York City for the years 1993 to 2008. Descriptive statistics and negative binomial regression models were used to compare the rates of hospitalization of residents in zip codes containing hazardous waste sites containing benzene to the rates of discharges from residents in zip codes without waste sites. Results: When adjusting for potential confounders we found a 15% increase in the rate of hospitalization for chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) [rate ratio (RR): 1.15; 95% confi dence interval (CI): 1.00–1.33], a 22% increase in the rate of discharges for total leukemia (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.04–1.43) and a 17% increase in the rate of discharges for total lymphoma (RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02–1.35) in the benzene exposed sites. We found greater effects of exposure in African Americans compared to Caucasians, females compared to males and people with higher socioeconomic status (SES) compared to those with lower SES for several of the diseases studied. Conclusions: After controlling for major confounders we found statistically signifi cant increases in discharge rates for several hematologic cancers in persons residing in zip codes containing benzene waste sites. These results provide additional support for a relationship between environmental exposure to benzene and risk of hematologic cancers.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2011, 24, 4; 327-338
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rare case of Richter’s syndrome localization in liver and thyroid of a patient with a chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) - case report and literature
    Autorzy:
    Wasik-Szczepanek, E.
    Szymczyk, A.
    Szczepanek, D.
    Grywalska, E.
    Szumiło, J.
    Trojanowski, P.
    Czabak, O.
    Hus, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085452.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    liver
    thyroid
    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    Richter’s syndrome
    Opis:
    Richter’s syndrome (RS) is a rare complication in which chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) transforms into a more aggressive type of lymphoma – diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), or Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL). The review describes the clinical case of a patient with CLL and RS diagnosis. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdominal cavity detected numerous normodense areas in the liver. Simultaneously, ultrasound examination (USG) of the thyroid revealed the presence of a solid hypoechogenic lump. The material sampled from closed biopsies of liver and thyroid in both cases allowed the diagnosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The liver and the thyroid are particularly rare locations of RS. However, those cases allowed the conclusion that RS may occur even in a very unexpected and less probable location.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2020, 27, 1; 160-164
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of BCR/ABL fusion proteins on the course of Ph leukemias.
    Autorzy:
    Telegeev, Gennady
    Dubrovska, Anna
    Dybkov, Mykhaylo
    Maliuta, Stanislav
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041568.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    Philadelphia chromosome
    actin cytoskeleton
    leukemia
    BCR/ABL gene
    Opis:
    The hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome as a result of the t(9;22) translocation. This gene rearrangement results in the production of a novel oncoprotein, BCR/ABL, a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. There is compelling evidence that the malignant transformation by BCR/ABL is critically dependent on its Abl tyrosine kinase activity. Also the bcr part of the hybrid gene takes part in realization of the malignant phenotype. We supposed that additional mutations accumulate in this region of the BCR/ABL oncogene during the development of the malignant blast crisis in CML patients. In ALL patients having p210 fusion protein the mutations were supposed to be preexisting. Sequencing of PCR product of the BCR/ABL gene (Dbl, PH region) showed that along with single-nucleotide substitutions other mutations, mostly deletions, had occurred. In an ALL patient a deletion of the 5th exon was detected. The size of the deletions varied from 36 to 220 amino acids. For one case of blast crisis of CML changes in the character of actin organization were observed. Taking into account the functional role of these domains in the cell an etiological role of such mutations on the disease phenotype and leukemia progression is plausible.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2004, 51, 3; 845-849
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mitochondrial mutagenesis in BCR-ABL1-expressing cells sensitive and resistant to imatinib
    Autorzy:
    Blasiak, Janusz
    Hoser, Grazyna
    Bialkowska-Warzecha, Jolanta
    Pawlowska, Elzbieta
    Skorski, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038829.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    Imatinib
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    BCR-ABL1 gene
    Opis:
    Imatinib revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with the expression of the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase, but imatinib resistance is an emerging problem. Imatinib can hinder the inhibitory effects of BCR-ABL1 on mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, so mitochondrial mutagenesis can be important for its action. To explore the mechanisms of imatinib resistance we created a mouse-derived CML model cells consisting of parental 32D cells (P) and cells transfected with the BCR-ABL1 gene (S cells) or its variants with the Y253H or T315I mutations (253 and 315 cells, respectively), conferring resistance to imatinib. A fraction of the S cells was cultured in increasing concentrations of imatinib, acquiring resistance to this drug (AR cells). The 253, 315 and AR cells, in contrast to S cells, displayed resistance to imatinib. We observed that the T315I cells displayed greater extent of H2O2-induced mtDNA damage than their imatinib-sensitive counterparts. No difference in the sensitivity to UV radiation was observed among all the cell lines. A decrease in the extent of H2O2-induced mtDNA damage was observed during a 120-min repair incubation in all cell lines, but it was significant only in imatinib-sensitive and T315I cells. No difference in the copy number of mtDNA and frequency of the 3,867-bp deletion was observed and genotoxic stress induced by H2O2 or UV did not change this relationship. In conclusion, some aspects of mtDNA mutagenesis, including sensitivity to oxidative stress and DNA repair can contribute to imatinib resistance in BCR-ABL1-expressing cells.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2016, 63, 2; 365-370
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mucormycosis in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia following liver transplantation for Wilson’s disease
    Autorzy:
    Łanocha, A.A.
    Guzicka-Kazimierczak, R.
    Zdziarska, B.
    Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085182.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    Mucormycosis
    acute myeloblastic leukemia
    Willson’s disease
    liver transplantation
    Opis:
    A case is presented of mucormycosis in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia following liver transplantation for Wilson’s disease. A 58-year-old female was admitted to the Department of Haematology with deterioration of her general condition, loss of appetite, tiredness and difficulty with mental contact for a few days. Blood and urine cultures for bacteria and fungus, galactomannan antigen were negative. Whole body computed tomography demonstrated bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy with necrotic lesions: splenomegaly with a hypodensive lesion 13 × 20 × 19 mm and lower pulmonary infiltrates suggested fungal etiology. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed thickened meninges. Finally, mucormycosis was diagnosed. Treatment with amphotericin B lipid complex was started, resulting in an partial improvement of the general condition and decreased level of inflammatory markers. However, the patient’s condition continued to deteriorate, with sepsis etiology Escherichia coli, and despite the intensive managements she eventually died.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 4; 665-668
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mechanism, detection and significance of some chromosomal rearrangements in chronic myeloid leukaemia [CML] and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia [ALL]
    Autorzy:
    Ladon, D
    Witt, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043432.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    translocation
    minimal residual disease
    in situ
    hybridization
    fluorescence
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    chromosome aberration
    mixed chimerism
    detection
    cytogenetic evolution
    acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 2000, 41, 3; 187-197
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Premature atherosclerosis after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood
    Autorzy:
    Sadurska, E.
    Zaucha-Prazmo, A.
    Brodzisz, A.
    Kowalczyk, J.
    Ben-Skowronek, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081582.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    nthracycline cardiotoxicity
    leukemia
    survivors
    atherosclerosis
    biomarkers
    intima-media thickness
    Opis:
    Introduction. Late cardiovascular complications are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients treated for common malignancies of childhood. Late cardiotoxicity include increased development of atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis – related diseases. An evaluation of the endothelium can be made based on the measurement of endothelium-derived blood vasoactive factors, such as cytokines and adhesion molecules. Their elevated serum levels may serve as sensitive indicators of early atherosclerotic lesions in high risk patients. Currently, assessment of common carotid intima-media thickness has emerged as one of the more powerful tools for evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to compare these parameters between patients after antineoplatic treatment compared to persons not exposed to such factors. Methods. Early progression of atherosclerotic disease was evaluated in 64 survivors treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) in childhood, and in a control group of 36 healthy volunteers. Blood serum concentrations of selected new biomarkers, indicative of endothelial damage and inflammatory activity, were measured, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin), thrombomodulin (TM), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). The common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was also assessed via ultrasound examination. Results. Significantly higher blood concentrations of sICAM-1 adhesive molecule (229.3±62.2 ng/mL vs. 199.9 ± 63.3 ng/ mL, p=0.0072) and IL-6 (2.1 ± 2.7 pg/mL vs. 1.9 ± 3.6 pg/mL, p=0.0414) were found in ALL survivors compared with control subjects. Concentration of hs-CRP was also higher in the ALL group: 1.3 ± 2.2 ug/mL vs. 0.6 ± 0.9 ug/mL. This difference was close to statistical significance (p=0.0599). The mean IMT values for right and left carotid arteries were higher in ALL patients after antineoplastic therapy, compared with healthy subjects (IMT-R 0.056±0.008 mm vs. 0.052±0.003 mm; p=0.0021; IMT-L 0.057±0.009 mm vs. 0.052±0.003 mm; p=0.0051). Conclusion. Survivors of childhood ALL in the examined group demonstrated elevated concentrations of selected new biomarkers and increased IMT values, compared to controls, which may confirm the occurrence of endothelial injuries in blood vessels. This study indicates that subjects treated for childhood malignancy are at a higher risk of prematurely developing atherosclerosis.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 1; 71-76
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mathematical Modeling of the Competition Between Acquired Immunity and Cancer
    Autorzy:
    Kolev, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/908160.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    medycyna
    matematyka
    leukemia
    acquired immunity
    immunotherapy
    antibodies
    integro-differential equations
    Opis:
    In this paper we propose and analyse a model of the competition between cancer and the acquired immune system. The model is a system of integro-differential bilinear equations. The role of the humoral response is analyzed. The simulations are related to the immunotherapy of tumors with antibodies.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2003, 13, 3; 289-296
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Deep molecular response (MR4.5) as a target of therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. MR4.5 – goal of CML treatment
    Autorzy:
    Sacha, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065835.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Medical Education
    Tematy:
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    possibility cure
    therapy targets
    tyrosine kinase inhibitors
    Opis:
    Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) accounts for 15% of diagnosed leukemias. The annual incidence in two Polish regions has been calculated for 0.7/100,000 of general population. Introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have substantially improved not only the prognosis of CML, but also changed the treatment goals, and the expectations of patients and physicians. The goals of CML therapy include: to prevent the progression towards accelerated phase and blastic phase, to eliminate the risk of death from leukemia, to prolong the length of survival to comparable of healthy population and to attain a quality of life comparable to healthy people. Patients treated up-front with second generation TKIs (2GTKI) have a better chance to achieve faster and deeper response to therapy. Most of patients receiving 2GTKI in first line or e.g. nilotinib after initial phase of imatinib therapy can achieve very deep molecular response (MR4.5), which is a key criterion for discontinuation studies. The results of stop-trials suggest that substantial proportion of patient could achieve sustained treatment-free survival, and that the disease could be controlled despite of persistence of minimal residual disease, which does not require a clinical intervention. Patients group that could benefit most from discontinuation study include younger people, those who have achieved MR4.5 and patients reporting TKI – associated side effects. Achievement of MR4.5 could be considered as a target of CML therapy for considerable proportion of patients. The question of safe TKI dose reduction or therapy cessation should be addressed in the future planned clinical trials.
    Źródło:
    OncoReview; 2014, 4, 1; A27-32
    2450-6125
    Pojawia się w:
    OncoReview
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cytotoxic effects of cladribine and tezacitabine toward HL-60.
    Autorzy:
    Stachnik, Krzysztof
    Grieb, Paweł
    Skierski, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041452.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    tezacitabine
    cladribine
    flow cytometry
    nucleoside analogs
    leukemia
    HL-60 cells
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to determine the relation between the cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of tezacitabine and cladribine on a HL-60 cell line and the time of exposure of cells to these drugs. Cell viability and induction of apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry methods. Apoptosis was confirmed by direct microscopic observation. Growth inhibition was examined by cell counting. After 24 h incubation tezacitabine was equally or less toxic compared to cladribine. However, toxicity of tezacitabine strongly rose after 48 h incubation leading to massive cell death at doses much lower than those of cladribine. Assessment of the effect of increased exposure time on the clinical efficacy of tezacitabine is indicated.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2005, 52, 2; 561-565
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ANALYSIS OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA PHARMACOTHERAPY COSTS IN POLAND
    Autorzy:
    Paczkowska, Anna
    Kus, Krzysztof
    Nowicka, Monika
    Kopciuch, Dorota
    Zaprutko, Tomasz
    Komarnicki, Mieczysław
    Nowakowska, Elżbieta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895298.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-02-28
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    poland
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    stem cell transplantation
    pharmacotherapy cost analysis
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to analyze pharmacotherapy cost of chronic myeloid leukemia from the society’s, the payer’s (National Health Fund), and the patient’s perspective. The study included 55 patients with a diagnosed and treated chronic myeloid leukemia at the selected hematology clinic in the city of Poznan. Retrospective study involved time horizon of one calendar year – 2013. The data required for economic evaluation were obtained from the patients’ case histories and the Department of Organization and Accounting of the selected health care facilities. The total cost of chronic myeloid leukemia pharmacotherapy for 55 patients from the society’s perspective in 2013 amounted to 1,483,416.88 EUR. Average annual cost of medication per patient in 2013 amounted to 26,971.22 EUR (Median – 32,854.22 EUR). Average cost of chronic myeloid leukemia pharmacotherapy for a patient without transplantation was 32,167.34 EUR (Median – 30,623.00 EUR), and for a patient after transplantation amounted to 413.13 EUR (Median – 378.40 EUR). The cost from the payer’s perspective is 99.93% of total costs from the society’s perspective. The cost from the patient’s perspective represents 0.07% of the total cost of chronic myeloid leukemia pharmacotherapy from the society’s perspective. Costs of chronic myeloid leukemia pharmacotherapy are very high and represent a significant burden to society. The highest costs associated with treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia are incurred by the society, and, subsequently, the public payer (NHF), and the patient.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2019, 76, 1; 175-183
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    L-asparaginase: An ultimate anti-neoplastic enzyme
    Autorzy:
    Prasad Talluri, V.S.S.L.
    Bhavana, M.
    Mahesh Kumar, M.V.S.
    Rajagopal, S.V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11250.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    L-asparaginase
    anti-neoplastic enzyme
    enzyme
    acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    chemotherapeutic drug
    Opis:
    The objective of the study described the importance of L-asparaginase and its importance in the field of medicine. Different types of enzymes are produced based on the adaptation to the environment where the living organisms live to tune the metabolic pathways according to their adapted changes. The enzymes present in various organs are produced by many cell types in multicellular organisms. Except ribosomes all other known enzymes are proteinaceous in nature. L-asparaginase is a potential therapeutic agent for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic myelogenous leukemia which is approved by FDA & WHO. L-asparaginase catalyzes the deamination of L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid & ammonia. Unlike normal cells, malignant cells require large amount of L-asparagine for protein synthesis and cell division. From this background the present review is an effort to gather the information on the mechanism, sources, molecular details and application of L-asparaginase enzyme.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 10
    2300-9675
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    CD40 stimulation induces differentiation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells into dendritic cells
    Autorzy:
    Łuczyński, Włodzimierz
    Stasiak-Barmuta, Anna
    Iłendo, Elżbieta
    Krawczuk-Rybak, Maryna
    Malinowska, Iwona
    Mitura-Lesiuk, Małgorzata
    Parfieńczyk, Adam
    Szymański, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041252.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    immunotherapy
    T-lymphocytes
    CD40L
    acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    dendritic cells
    Opis:
    Despite the very high percentage of long-term remissions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children, some of them suffer from recurrence of the disease. New treatment modalities, e.g. effective geno- and immunotherapy are needed. The use of neoplasmatic cells to present tumor antigens is one of the approaches in cancer vaccines. ALL cells lack the expression of costimulatory molecules and are poor antigen presenting cells (APCs) for T-cell activation. CD40/40L interaction stimulates B-cells to proliferate, differentiate, upregulate costimulatory molecules and increase antigen presentation. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that ALL cells can be turned into professional APCs by CD40L activation. Children with B-cell precursor ALL were enrolled into the study. Mononuclear cells from bone marrow or peripheral blood were stimulated with CD40L and interleukin 4. Results: 1) after culture we noted upregulation of all assessed costimulatory, adhesion and activatory molecules i.e. CD1a, CD11c, CD40, CD54, CD80, CD83, CD86, CD123, HLA class I and II; 2) CD40L activated ALL cells induced proliferation of allogeneic T-cells (measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation). These results confirm the possibility of enhancing the immunogenicity of ALL cells with the CD40L system and indicate that this approach can be used in immunotherapeutic trials.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2006, 53, 2; 377-382
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cross-resistance to five glucocorticoids in childhood acute lymphoblastic and non-lymphoblastic leukemia samples tested by the MTT assay: Preliminary report.
    Autorzy:
    Styczyński, Jan
    Wysocki, Mariusz
    Dębski, Robert
    Balwierz, Walentyna
    Rokicka-Milewska, Roma
    Matysiak, Michał
    Balcerska, Anna
    Kowalczyk, Jerzy
    Wachowiak, Jacek
    Sońta-Jakimczyk, Danuta
    Chybicka, Alicja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1043813.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    cross-resistance
    ALL
    sensitivity
    acute leukemia
    MTT assay
    AML
    glucocorticoid resistance
    Opis:
    In vitro antileukemic activity of five glucocorticoids and their cross-resistance pattern in childhood acute lymphoblastic and non-lymphoblastic leukemia were determined by means of the MTT assay in 25 leukemia cell samples of childhood acute leukemias. The equivalent antileukemic concentrations of the drugs tested were: 34 μM hydrocortisone (HC), 8 μM prednisolone (PRE), 1.5 μM methylprednisolone (MPR), 0.44 μM dexamethasone (DX) and 0.22 μM betamethasone (BET). In comparison with initial ALL cell samples, the relapsed ALL group was more resistant to PRE (38-fold, p = 0.044), DX (> 34-fold, p = 0.04), MPR (38-fold), BET (45-fold) and HC (33-fold). The AML cell samples were even more resistant to: PRE (>85-fold, p=0.001), DX (> 34-fold, p = 0.004), MPR (> 69-fold, p = 0.036), BET (> 69-fold, p = 0.038) and HC (54-fold, p = 0.059) when compared with ALL on initial diagnosis. A significant cross-resistance among all the glucocorticoids used was found. Only in some individual cases the cross-resistance was less pronounced.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2002, 49, 1; 93-98
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Expression of bovine leukemia virus protein p24 in Escherichia coli and its use in the immunoblotting assay.
    Autorzy:
    Bicka, Leokadia
    Kuźmak, Jacek
    Kozaczyńska, Bożena
    Płucienniczak, Andrzej
    Skorupska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044191.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    bovine leukemia virus
    fusion protein p24
    immunoblotting assay
    gag gene cloning
    Opis:
    The gag gene encoded protein, p24 of bovine leukemia virus (BLV), was cloned and expressed as thioredoxin-6xHis-p24 protein in Escherichia coli. The bacterial cells carrying plasmid pT7THis-p24 expressed the protein of 38 kDa that was detected by immunoblotting analysis using anti-p24 monoclonal antibodies and sera from BLV infected cattle and sheep. The purified p24 fusion protein was shown to be sensitive and specific for detection of BLV antibodies in the infected cattle.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2001, 48, 1; 227-232
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Major, minor, and trace elements in whole blood of patients with different leukemia patterns
    Autorzy:
    Khuder, A.
    Bakir, M. A.
    Solaiman, A.
    Issa, H.
    Habil, K.
    Mohammad, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146612.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    leukemia
    principal component analysis
    Student's t test
    whole blood
    X-ray fluorescence
    Opis:
    The elemental sensitivity method for X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied to determine S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, and Rb in the whole blood of leukemia patients and healthy volunteers. Leukemia samples were classified according to type, growth, and age of participants. Student’s t-test results showed that, the mean concentration of the studied elements was significantly lower in leukemia patients than that in controls. Strong mutual correlations (r greather than 0.50) in the whole blood of leukemia patients were observed between S-Ca, K-Fe, K-Ca, Fe-Zn, K-Zn, K-Rb, Fe-Rb, Zn-Rb, S-Cl, S-K, Ca-Fe, Cl-Ca, and Ca-Rb; whereas, S-K, S-Ca, S-Cl, Cl-K, Cl-Ca, Fe-Zn, Zn-Rb, Fe-Rb, K-Fe, and Zn-Br exhibited strong relationships (r greather than 0.50) in the whole blood of controls, all were significant at p less than 0.05. Significant differences between grouping of studied elements in the control group and all classified leukemia groups, except younger age-group, were obtained using principal component analysis. The study indicated appreciably different patterns of element distribution and mutual relationships in the whole blood of leukemia patients in comparison with controls.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 3; 389-399
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Role of anti-apoptotic pathways activated by BCR/ABL in the resistance of chronic myeloid leukemia cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors
    Autorzy:
    Danisz, Katarzyna
    Blasiak, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039432.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    BCR/ABL
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    apoptotic signaling
    tyrosine kinase inhibitor
    imatinib
    drug resistance
    Opis:
    Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological stem cell disorder characterized by the excessive proliferation of the myeloid lineage. In its initial chronic phase, the myeloid progenitor cells expand and demonstrate apparently normal differentiation. The disease may then transform into the accelerated phase, usually associated with resistance to therapy, and finally, into acute leukemic progression phase - blast crisis. Abnormal myeloid cells produce progenitors, which have lost their ability to differentiate, but retain the capacity to proliferate. The molecular hallmark of CML is the Philadelphia chromosome, resulting from reciprocal chromosome translocation, t(9;22)(q34;q11), and containing the BCR/ABL fusion gene, producing the BCR/ABL protein with a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity. BCR/ABL-positive cells have faster growth and proliferation over their normal counterparts and are resistant to apoptosis. Introduction of imatinib (IM), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, revolutionized the therapy of CML, changing it from a fatal disease into a chronic disorder. However, some patients show a primary resistance to IM, others acquire such resistance in the course of therapy. Therefore, a small number of leukemic stem cells retains self-renewal capacity under IM treatment. Because BCR/ABL is involved in many signaling pathways, some of them may be essential for resistance to IM-induced apoptosis. The PI3K/AKT, Ras and JAK/STAT signaling pathways are involved in resistance to apoptosis and can be activated by BCR/ABL. Therefore, they can be candidates for BCR/ABL-dependent pro-survival pathway(s), allowing a fraction of CML cells to withstand treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2013, 60, 4; 503-514
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Molecular hematology – modern methodology serving patients and research
    Autorzy:
    Witt, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703644.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    allogenic transplantation of hematopoetic stem cells
    leukemia
    lymphoma
    minimal residual disease
    posttransplant chimerism
    Opis:
    The article describes a country-wide attempt to organize a network of laboratories performing molecular diagnostic procedures in a context of clinical hematology. The principles of construction of a commissioned grant in molecular hematology are presented. A major result of this project, the monographic book on molecular hematology is being announced.
    Źródło:
    Nauka; 2009, 4
    1231-8515
    Pojawia się w:
    Nauka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Elektroforetyczna identyfikacja proteinaz cysteinowych w surowicach pacjentów z przewlekłą białaczką limfocytową (PBL) z wykorzystaniem biotynylowanego jodoacetamidu
    Electrophoretic method of cysteine proteinase identification in the sera of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) based on biotinylated iodoacetamide
    Autorzy:
    Młudzik, Paulina
    Pietrzak, Jacek
    Saed, Lias
    Wodziński, Damian
    Franiak–Pietryga, Ida
    Mirowski, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032608.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    proteinazy cysteinowe
    jodoacetamid
    elektroforeza
    przewlekła białaczka limfocytowa
    cysteine proteases
    iodoacetamide
    electrophoresis
    chronic
    lymphocytic leukemia
    Opis:
    Wstęp: Proteinazy cysteinowe są enzymami regulującymi liczne procesy fizjologiczne oraz patologiczne w organizmie człowieka. Zaburzenie ich aktywności może przyczyniać się do wystąpienia wielu chorób. Pełnią one ważną rolę w procesie kancerogenezy, uczestnicząc w inwazji, transformacji nowotworowej, angiogenezie, apoptozie oraz powstawaniu przerzutów. Celem pracy było opracowanie elektroforetycznej metody identyfikacji proteinaz cysteinowych w surowicach pacjentów z przewlekłą białaczką w oparciu o jodoacetamid biotynylowany. Materiał i metody: Badania wstępne przeprowadzono na handlowym preparacie papainy (EC 3.4.22.2), dobrze poznanej i szeroko stosowanej roślinnej proteinazy cysteinowej o masie cząsteczkowej 23,4 kDa. Badania wykonano na próbach surowicy uzyskanych z pełnej krwi pobranej od pacjentów chorych na przewlekłą białaczkę limfocytową (PBL) oraz surowicach kontrolnych uzyskanych od dawców. Surowice po wstępnej inkubacji z jodoacetamidem mieszano z buforem do prób i poddawano rozdziałowi elektroforetycznemu w żelu poliakrylamidowym zawierającym dodecylosiarczan sodu (SDS–PAGE). Rozdzielone elektroforetycznie białka po transferze na nitrocelulozową membranę, poddawano dalszej analizie za pomocą streptawidyny skoniugowanej z peroksydazą chrzanową (HRP). Użycie substratu dla HRP, czterochlorowodorku 3,3’–diaminobenzydynyny (DAB), umożliwiało identyfikację biotynylowanego jodoacetamidu, a przez to związanych z nim w sposób nieodwracalny proteinaz cysteinowych obecnych w badanych surowicach. Wyniki: Analiza porównawcza surowic pobranych od pacjentów chorych na przewlekłą białaczkę limfocytową w odniesieniu do surowic kontrolnych pozwoliła na identyfikację dodatkowego białka o charakterze proteinazy cysteinowej o masie cząsteczkowej wynoszącej około 37 kDa, które nie występowało lub było obecne w niewielkiej ilości w surowicach kontrolnych. Wnioski: Opracowana metoda umożliwia wykrywanie proteinaz cysteinowych w surowicach kontrolnych, jak i u pacjentów chorych na przewlekłą białaczkę limfocytową.
    Introduction: Cysteine proteases are enzymes that regulate numerous physiological and pathological processes in the human body. Disorders of their activity can lead to a number of diseases. They play an important role in the process of carcinogenesis, participating in the invasion, transformation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and metastasis. The aim of this study was to elaborate the electrophoretic method of cysteine proteinases identification in the sera of patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on biotinylated iodoacetamide. Material and methods: Preliminary studies were carried out on the commercially available papain (EC 3.4.22.2) well known and widely used plant cysteine protease with a molecular weight 23,4 kDa. The study was conducted on the blood samples taken from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and control sera from healthy donors. The sera after the preincubation with iodoacetamide were mixed with the sample buffer followed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS–PAGE). The separated proteins were electrophoretically transferred to the nitrocellulose membranes and subjected to the further analysis using streptavidin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The use of substrate for HRP 3,3’- diaminobenzidine tetrachloride (DAB) allows the biotinylated iodoacetamide and thereby cysteine proteinase identification. Results: The comparative analysis of the sera from the patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and the control sera led to the identification of additional protein with a cysteine protease characteristic having a molecular weight of about 37 kDa, which did not occur or was present in a smaller amount of the control sera. Conclusions: The developed method allows the detection of cysteine proteases which are present in the control sera and the sera of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
    Źródło:
    Folia Medica Lodziensia; 2016, 43, 1; 35-55
    0071-6731
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Medica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    High incidence of acute leukemia in the proximity of some industrial facilities in El Bierzo, northwestern Spain
    Autorzy:
    Rodríguez-García, José A.
    Ramos, Fernando
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2180111.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    acute leukemia
    Benzo(a)pyrene
    industrial facilities
    electromagnetic radiation
    power lines
    thermoelectric power plant
    Opis:
    Objectives: To estimate the incidence of acute leukemia (AL) in El Bierzo (BZ) and to carry out a cross-association analysis in order to suggest some etiological clues. Materials and Methods: We registered all new AL cases diagnosed 2000–2005. Annual standardized incidence rate (SIR) was calculated by the direct method. A cross-association analysis was performed by non-parametric methods and we checked the potential interaction between putative etiological factors by calculating Chi-square-for-trend. Results: SIR was 5.1 cases per 100 000, surpassing the Spanish, European and world average figures and heterogeneous throughout the region. We detected a negative correlation between acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) SIR in every municipality and both the air distance to the nearest thermoelectric power plant (TPP) (Rho = –0.409; p = 0.01) and to the point of maximum density of the high-power lines (HPL) network (Rho = –0.329; p = 0.04). Accordingly, SIR was higher in the municipalities situated < 7.5 km away from TPP (9.58 vs. 1.72; p = 0.004) or < 10 km away from HPL (3.90 vs. 3.19; p = 0.045). A positive relation between both factors was observed (Chi-square-for-trend = 9.209; p = 0.006). Conclusions: SIR of AL in BZ is higher than the Spanish average and that of most countries in the world. Residing near TPP or HPL confers a higher risk of AML, with synergistic effect between both factors.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2012, 25, 1; 22-30
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Leucocyte acid phosphatase and selected haematological indices in BLV infected cows
    Autorzy:
    Kaczmarczyk, E
    Czarnik, U.
    Bojarojc, B.
    Walawski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043884.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    hematological index
    cow
    polymorphism
    blood leucocyte
    acid phosphatase
    cattle
    lysosomal enzyme
    leucocyte
    enzootic bovine leukemia
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 1999, 40, 2; 93-101
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chemioterapia w ciąży
    Chemotherapy during pregnancy
    Autorzy:
    Sznurkowski, Jacek J.
    Klasa-Mazurkiewicz, Dagmara
    Kobierski, Juliusz
    Wydra, Dariusz
    Emerich, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Medical Communications
    Tematy:
    cervical cancer
    chemotherapy
    pregnancy breast cancer
    leukemia
    białaczka
    chemioterapia
    ciąża
    rak piersi
    rak szyjki macicy
    Opis:
    Chemotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors in pregnant women potentially threatens life and development of the fetus. Aim of paper: The purpose of this paper was to update current knowledge concerning the role of chemotherapy in combination therapy of gynecologic malignancies complicating pregnancy and to review available literature focusing on potential sequels of administration of chemotherapeutics at different time-points in pregnancy, with particular emphasis on fetal development, course of pregnancy and future lot of the child. Method: The PubMed database was searched using the following key words: methotrexate; 5-fluorouracil; aminopterin; thioguanine; mercaptopurine; cyclophosphamide; busulfan; ifosfamide; chlorambucil; dacarbazine; doxorubicin; daunorubicin; adriamycin; idarubicin; epirubicin; dactinomycin; bleomycin; mitoxantrone; vincristine; vinblastine; vinorelbine; paclitaxel; docetaxel; cisplatin; carboplatin; prednisone; tamoxifen; etoposide; teniposide; allopurinol; malformation; IUGR; chemotherapy; pregnancy. Search criteria were fulfilled by 33 papers (selected chemotherapeutic agent/pregnancy/malformation), which subsequently underwent content-related analysis. Conclusions: A decision on the use of chemotherapy during pregnancy should be made depending on type and stage of malignancy. It at all possible, administration of cytostatics should be delayed until the end of first trimester. If the patient requires multidrug therapy in the first trimester, she should receive anthracycline-derived antibiotics combined with Vinca alkaloids or should be placed on monotherapy and after 12 weeks shift to a multidrug regimen. Delivery should be planned for the 35th gestational week and 2-3 weeks after termination of chemotherapy in order to allow recovery of bone-marrow function.
    Chemioterapia w leczeniu nowotworów złośliwych u kobiet w ciąży stanowi potencjalne zagrożenie dla życia i rozwoju płodu. Celem pracy było przybliżenie wiedzy na temat udziału chemioterapii w leczeniu skojarzonym nowotworów ginekologicznych wikłających ciążę oraz dokonanie przeglądu doniesień medycznych pod kątem skutków zastosowania poszczególnych czynników chemioterapeutycznych w różnych trymestrach ciąży, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wpływu na rozwój płodu, przebieg ciąży i dalsze losy dziecka. Metoda: Przy użyciu słów kluczowych: methotrexate; 5-fluorouracil; aminopterin; thioguanine; mercaptopurine; cyclophosphamide; busulfan; ifosfamide; chlorambucil; dacarbazine; doxorubicin; daunorubicin; adriamycin; idarubicin; epirubicin; dactinomycin; bleomycin; mitoxantrone; vincristine; vinblastine; vinorelbine; paclitaxel; docetaxel; cisplatin; carboplatin; prednisone; tamoxifen; etoposide; teniposide; allopurinol; malformation; IUGR; chemotherapy; pregnancy przeszukano bazę PubMed. Odnaleziono 33 artykuły anglojęzyczne spełniające kryteria wyszukiwania (wybrany czynnik chemioterapeutyczny/ciąża/malformacja), które poddano analizie merytorycznej. Wnioski: Decyzję o chemioterapii w ciąży należy podjąć stosownie do rodzaju nowotworu i jego stopnia zaawansowania klinicznego. Jeśli jest to tylko możliwe, należy odroczyć podawanie cytostatyków do końca pierwszego trymestru. W sytuacji, w której pacjentka wymaga terapii wielolekowej w pierwszym trymestrze, należy rozważyć zastosowanie antybiotyków antracyklinowych w połączeniu z alkaloidami Vinca lub rozpocząć leczenie terapią jednolekową i po 12 tygodniach przejść na schemat wielolekowy. Poród powinien być zaplanowany na 2 do 3 tygodni po zakończeniu chemioterapii, w celu umożliwienia powrotu prawidłowej czynności szpiku (około 35. tygodnia).
    Źródło:
    Current Gynecologic Oncology; 2010, 8, 2; 123-131
    2451-0750
    Pojawia się w:
    Current Gynecologic Oncology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reactive oxygen species in BCR-ABL1-expressing cells - relevance to chronic myeloid leukemia
    Autorzy:
    Antoszewska-Smith, Joanna
    Pawlowska, Elzbieta
    Blasiak, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038675.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    reactive oxygen species
    DNA damage
    DNA repair
    cancer stem cells
    imatinib resistance
    Opis:
    Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) results from the t(9;22) reciprocal chromosomal translocation producing the BCR-ABL1 gene, conferring growth and proliferation advantages in the CML cells. CML progresses from chronic, often syndrome-free, to blast phase, fatal if not treated. Although the involvement of BCR-ABL1 in some signaling pathways is considered as the cause of CML, the mechanisms resulting in its progression are not completely known. However, BCR-ABL1 stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which levels increase with CML progression and induce BCR-ABL1 self-mutagenesis. Introducing imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to CML therapy radically improved its outcome, but TKIs-resistance became an emerging problem. TKI resistance can be associated with even higher ROS production than in TKI-sensitive cells. Therefore, ROS-induced self-mutagenesis of BCR-ABL1 can be crucial for CML progression and TKI resistance and in this way should be taken into account in therapeutic strategies. As a continuous production of ROS by BCR-ABL1 would lead to its self-destruction and death of CML cells, there must be mechanisms controlling this phenomenon. These can be dependent on DNA repair, which is modulated by BCR-ABL1 and can be different in CML stem and progenitor cells. Altogether, the mechanisms of the involvement of BCR-ABL1 in ROS signaling can be engaged in CML progression and TKI-resistance and warrant further study.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2017, 64, 1; 1-10
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cytotoxic, Genotoxic and Apoptotic Activity of Isolated Compound from Pandanus odorattissimus
    Autorzy:
    Kamble, Abhaykumar
    Swamy, Paramjyothi
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1161866.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Apoptotic activity
    Comet assay
    Cytotoxic activity
    Human Leukemia 60 (HL-60) cells
    Pandanus odorattissimus L
    Opis:
    The present study reports potential activities like cytotoxic, genotoxic and apoptotic activity of phenolic compound 4-(4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl acetate isolated from methanolic extract of Pandanus odorattissimus. The compound showed a significant cytotoxic effect on Human Leukemia 60 (HL-60) cell line. Exposure of the compound reduced the viability of HL-60 cells after 12, 24 and 48 hours, the compound exerted a significant cytotoxic effect on HL-60 cells. The compound also induced significant DNA damage. The results of comet assay with pattern of the HL-60 cells has shown an intact head and complete absence of DNA fragments in the form of tail suggesting that the doses are not genototoxic. The phenolic compound at concentration of 20 µg/mL, showed an increase in percentage tail of DNA upto 6.21 units when compared to control 5.35. Although all of the compound induced significant DNA damage it induced apoptotic in the middle level and led to significant level. Apoptotic effect of compound on HL-60 cells after 72 h increased. Furthermore, the compound induced slight necrosis in HL-60 cells. Although the compound induced significant DNA damage, it induced apoptotic at the middle level. Apoptotic effect of compound on HL cells after 72 hrs increased level, furthermore the compound induced slight necrosis in HL-60 cells.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2018, 112; 193-206
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy galusan epigallokatechiny może być skutecznym polifenolem w terapii skojarzonej z etopozydem w leczeniu przewlekłej białaczki szpikowej?
    Can epigallocatechin gallate be an effective polyphenol in combination therapy with etoposide for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia?
    Autorzy:
    Cierniak, Agnieszka
    Skubal, Magdalena
    Kalemba-Drożdż, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970179.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    apoptoza
    EGCG
    etopozyd
    przewlekła białaczka szpikowa
    uszkodzenia DNA
    apoptosis
    etoposide
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    DNA damage
    Opis:
    Wprowadzenie: Składnik zielonej herbaty – galusan epigallokatechiny (EGCG) – znany jest ze swoich właściwości chemoprewencyjnych i chemoterapeutycznych. Wykazuje silne właściwości antyoksydacyjne i przeciwzapalne, a w stosunku do komórek nowotworowych – działanie antyproliferacyjne lub proapoptotyczne. Etopozyd jest jednym z najczęściej stosowanych leków przeciwnowotworowych, wywołującym jednak wiele skutków ubocznych. Materiały i metody: W eksperymentach in vitro badano potencjalną rolę EGCG w terapii skojarzonej z etopozydem w leczeniu przewlekłej białaczki szpikowej. Komórki ustalonej linii białaczkowej K562 poddano działaniu etopozydu i/lub EGCG w celu określenia wpływu EGCG na przeżywalność komórek, poziom uszkodzeń DNA oraz częstość procesu apoptozy. Poziom uszkodzeń DNA mierzono przy pomocy elektroforezy pojedynczych komórek w żelu agarozowym (test kometowy), natomiast apoptozę oceniano pod mikroskopem fluorescencyjnym z użyciem barwnika Hoechst 33342. Wyniki: Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazują, że EGCG w stężeniu 50 i 100 μM uwrażliwia komórki białaczkowe na cytotoksyczne działanie etopozydu, zwiększając poziom uszkodzeń DNA i częstość apoptozy. Wnioski: Dane wskazują, że galusan epigallokatechiny może się okazać skutecznym polifenolem w terapii skojarzonej z etopozydem w leczeniu przewlekłej białaczki szpikowej
    Introduction: Green tea ingredient – epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) – is known for its chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic properties. It has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and antiproliferative or pro-apoptotic activity against cancer cells. Etoposide is one of the most commonly used anti-cancer drugs causing many side effects. Materials and methods: This study investigated the role of EGCG in combination therapy with etoposide in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. K562 cells were treated with EGCG and / or etoposide to determine the effect of this polyphenol on cell survival, DNA damage or apoptosis. DNA damages were measured with single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and the apoptosis were analyzed in fluorescence microscope with Hoechst 33342 staining. Results: Preliminary results suggest that EGCG at 50 and 100 μM sensitizes leukemic cells to the cytotoxic effect of etoposide, increases DNA damage that promotes removal cell and directs them to apoptosis. Conclusions: The data show that epigallocatechin gallate may prove to be an effective polyphenol in combination therapy with etoposide in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. However, further research is needed to explain the EGCG interaction with chemotherapeutics.
    Źródło:
    Państwo i Społeczeństwo; 2018, 3; 9-28
    1643-8299
    2451-0858
    Pojawia się w:
    Państwo i Społeczeństwo
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charakterystyka elektroforetyczna aktywności metaloproteinazowej surowicy pacjentów z przewlekłą białaczką limfocytową – badania wstępne
    Electrophoretic characteristics of metalloproteinase’s activity of serum of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia – preliminary data
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Jan
    Wodziński, Damian
    Franiak-Pietryga, Ida
    Mirowski, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    metaloproteinazy
    żelatynazy
    przewlekła białaczka
    limfocytowa
    zymografia
    mmp–9
    mmp–2
    metalloproteinases
    gelatinases
    chronic lymphatic leukemia
    zymography
    Opis:
    Metalloproteinases play an important role in the development and metastasis of many cancers. Their activity is also an important component of tumorgenesis associated processes such as angiogenesis, decreased apoptosis, or unlimited proliferation of pathological cells. In this study we tried to estimate a differences of metalloproteinase activity digesting the gelatin in the sera of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and healthy people, by the zymographic technique. To confirm that the gelatinolytic activity originated from the metalloproteinases their specific inhibitors: phenanthroline and ethylene– diaminetetraacetic acid were used. In patient’s sera a zymographic analysis revealed the presence of additional activity. The first of them are located in a region corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 240 kDa, probably corresponds to the dimer of proMMP–9. Another two active fractions present in the sera of patients suffering from leukemia corresponded to a molecular weight of about 110 and 130 kDa probably represents a complex of proMMP–9 with lipocain. In a control sera, only one activity could be observed exhibiting a molecular weight of about 110 kDa, which is stronger than corresponding fraction in patient’s sera. The biggest difference between the two investigated sera was gelatynolytic activity located in the region of a molecular weight of about 94 kDa, which probably corresponded to proMMP–9. In some leukemic sera this activity was several times higher compared to the control samples, in which there was a constant and relatively low level of it. Despite significant activity of proMMP–9 in sera of patients with CLL no biologically active equivalent band of molecular weight 84 kDa were detected. The fractions which corresponded to different forms of MMP–2 (72, 64 kDa) were present in the sera of tumor and control, although proMMP–2 was more strongly expressed in the control samples.
    Źródło:
    Folia Medica Lodziensia; 2015, 42, 1; 49-62
    0071-6731
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Medica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Natural products as potential inhibitors of FLT3 for acute myeloid leukemia: HTVS, docking, and molecular dynamic simulation
    Autorzy:
    Salah, Salsabeel
    Sami, Najat
    Ali, Sarah
    Khalid, Teemah-Alrahman
    Alnajjar, Radwan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35500319.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Radomskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    acute myeloid leukemia
    drug design
    anticancer
    CADD
    FLT3
    ostra białaczka szpikowa
    projektowanie leków
    terapia antynowotworowa
    Opis:
    Cancer is one the most common health issues worldwide, with cancer-related mortality of 9.5 million in 2018, with an expectation to become 29.5 by 2040. Among others, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is common among older people. FLT3 mutations are one of the most common genetic aberrations found in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and are associated with poor prognosis. Herein, we attempt to identify natural compounds as potential candidates to treat AML by targeting the FLT3 kinase domain using in silico approaches. The COCONUT database, which contains 407,270 natural compounds, was HTVS against the FLT3 kinase domain active site, and promising compounds were subject to molecular docking. Finally, frontier compounds were validated further using molecular dynamic simulation. In total, ten compounds were identified with docking scores higher than Quizartinib (-11.606 kcal/mol), with the best three compounds showing a docking score of -18.052, -15.772, and -16.767 kcal, respectively, and compound 2 showing excellent stability in molecular dynamic simulation.
    Źródło:
    Scientiae Radices; 2023, 2, 4; 325-346
    2956-4808
    Pojawia się w:
    Scientiae Radices
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of the WHO classification (5th edition) 2022 and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) 2022 for diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia
    Autorzy:
    Al-Nakkash, Naba
    Frenzel, Lukas P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35505928.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Radomskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    AML
    WHO
    ICC
    acute myeloid leukemia
    World Health Organisation
    International Consensus Classification
    ostra białaczka szpikowa
    Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia
    Opis:
    In 2022, two classifications were published to define the diagnosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The World Health Organisation (WHO) 5th edition and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) provide an updated summary of current knowledge of the diseases and construct a framework for physicians. Two differing classifications result in discrepancies, which change the definition of AML subtypes and present a challenge in clinical settings. This work summarizes the updated classification systems and discusses their significance in clinical settings while considering the latest findings. Relevant changes affect the i) required blast percentage, ii) AML harbouring CEBPA mutations, iii) AML with KMT2A and MECOM rearrangements, iv) AML with myelodysplasia-related characteristics and in association with this entity AML with mutated RUNX1, and lastly v) AML with TP53 mutation. In summary, a unified classification system would be desirable to achieve harmonized diagnosis and treatment of AML).
    Źródło:
    Scientiae Radices; 2024, 3, 1; 14-29
    2956-4808
    Pojawia się w:
    Scientiae Radices
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Leczenie przewlekłej białaczki limfocytowej (PBL) – - od przeszłości do teraźniejszości
    Therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) - from past to present
    Autorzy:
    Gumieniczek, Anna
    Ciseł, Bogumiła
    Lipska, Katarzyna
    Filip, Agata A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/762589.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-02-15
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    przewlekła białaczka limfocytowa (PBL)
    chemioterapia
    przeciwciała monoklonalne
    allo-HSCT
    terapia CAR-T
    chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
    chemotherapy
    monoclonal antibodies
    CAR-T therapy
    Opis:
    Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in Western European countries. This disease occurs mainly in adult population at an age of over 50 years, more commonly in men. Many years of research have shown that CLL is a disease with a very diverse clinical course and variable sensitivity to treatment. Therefore, in each case of newly diagnosed CLL, the clinical stage, prognostic factors and individualized therapeutic goals should be precisely defined before the treatment initiation. Recent 50 years have been a period of significant development in the treatment of proliferative diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphatic systems. Along with dynamic development of molecular biology techniques, several new specific prognostic markers have been investigated and introduced, allowing better stratification of patients and more accurate direction of the therapy. A lot of effort has gone into searching for the next prognostic factors which allow to determine better probable life span and to implement the successful treatment. Furthermore, many preclinical and clinical studies continually extend the list of effective anticancer drugs, including these for CLL treatment. Increasingly, in addition to standard cytostatics, drugs with more selective mechanisms of action are being tested in monotherapy and new combinations. Considering the historical aspects, only a few anticancer drugs were available 50 years ago. In addition, they mainly presented the one mechanism of action directed at nucleic acids. Today, the list of effective drugs is significantly longer. In addition to typical cytostatics, it also contains drugs with selective mechanisms of action, affecting the cell life processes, their subcellular structures, signaling from outside and inside the cell, surface antigens, as well as drugs that act on the microenvironment of cancer cells and their vascularization. The aim of this paper was to show the historical background in the therapy of leukemia and summarize the current knowledge in CLL biology and treatments. The manuscript is focused on the clinical course of the disease, the main risk factors and mainly, on the available treatment strategies.
    Przewlekła białaczka limfocytowa (PBL) jest najczęściej występującą postacią białaczki w krajach Europy Zachodniej. Jest to choroba dotycząca przede wszystkim osób powyżej 50 roku życia, częściej mężczyzn niż kobiet. Wieloletnie badania wykazały, że PBL jest chorobą o bardzo zróżnicowanym przebiegu klinicznym i zmiennej wrażliwości na zastosowane leczenie. W związku z powyższym, w każdym przypadku nowo zdiagnozowanej PBL, przed rozpoczęciem leczenia, należy precyzyjnie określić stadium zaawansowania klinicznego, czynniki prognostyczne oraz cele terapeutyczne zindywidualizowane dla danego pacjenta. Ostatnie 50 lat to okres istotnego postępu w leczeniu chorób rozrostowych układu krwiotwórczego i chłonnego. Wraz z dynamicznym rozwojem technik biologii molekularnej pojawiły się nowe, specyficzne czynniki prognostyczne, umożliwiające lepszą stratyfikację chorych oraz dokładniejsze określenie dalszego kierunku terapii. W dalszym ciągu prowadzone są prace nad kolejnymi czynnikami umożliwiającymi określenie długości przeżycia pacjenta oraz szans powodzenia terapii. Jednocześnie prowadzone badania przedkliniczne i kliniczne wydłużają listę bardziej skutecznych leków przeciwnowotworowych, znajdujących swoje zastosowanie również w PBL. Coraz częściej obok standardowych cytostatyków pojawiają się leki o bardziej swoistym mechanizmie działania, zarówno w monoterapii, jak i w nowych połączeniach. Celem pracy było przedstawienie rysu historycznego w zakresie terapii białaczek i przegląd dotychczasowej wiedzy na temat charakterystyki i terapii PBL. W artykule zwrócono szczególną uwagę na przebieg choroby, czynniki ryzyka oraz stosowane obecnie strategie leczenia.
    Źródło:
    Farmacja Polska; 2020, 76, 1; 47-56
    0014-8261
    2544-8552
    Pojawia się w:
    Farmacja Polska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Molecular follow up of donor lymphocyte infusion in CML children after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
    Autorzy:
    Ladon, D
    Pieczonka, A.
    Jolkowska, J.
    Wachowiak, J.
    Witt, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048295.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    minimal residual disease
    in situ
    human genetics
    bone marrow
    hybridization
    fluorescence
    donor lymphocyte infusion
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    child
    polymerase chain reaction
    transplantation
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 2001, 42, 4; 547-552
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Difficulties associated with the diagnosis of mycosis of the oral cavity and throat in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
    Autorzy:
    Kaczmarczyk, D.
    Morawiec-Sztandera, A.
    Niedzwiecka, I.
    Kurnatowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/840913.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    diagnosis
    mycosis
    oral cavity
    throat
    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    fungal infection
    disease risk
    fungi
    cancer formation
    neoplastic process
    treatment
    human disease
    disease symptom
    immunodeficiency
    prevalence
    Źródło:
    Annals of Parasitology; 2011, 57, 3
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Parasitology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Monitoring of cellular chimerism in patients after sex-mismatched bone marrow transplantation: technical report
    Autorzy:
    Jolkowska, J
    Ladon, D.
    Wachowiak, J.
    Witt, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    in situ
    allogeneic transplantation
    chimerism
    molecular analysis
    transplantation
    minimal residual disease
    acute myeloblastic leukemia
    polymorphic microsatellite
    bone marrow
    hybridization
    polymerase chain reaction
    DNA
    detection
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 2000, 41, 3; 209-212
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Difficulties associated with the diagnosis of mycosis of the oral cavity and throat in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
    Autorzy:
    Kaczmarczyk, D.
    Morawiec-Sztandera, A.
    Niedźwiecka, I.
    Kurnatowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143364.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    diagnosis
    mycosis
    oral cavity
    throat
    chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    fungal infection
    disease risk
    fungi
    cancer formation
    neoplastic process
    treatment
    human disease
    disease symptom
    immunodeficiency
    prevalence
    Opis:
    Cases of fungal infections are being encountered more often in clinical practice. The factors associated with a high risk of mycoses include, among others, corticosteroidotherapy, the administration antibiotics with wide spectrum of antibacterial properties, neutropenia, neoplasms. Fungi may play a role in cancer formation, may act as a complication in the course of treatment, and may mimic a neoplastic process by giving a similar clinical picture. In the case of fungal throat infection, patients complain of increased body temperature, a general feeling of weakness, malaise, headache, spontaneous pain intensifying during swallowing, a feeling of an obstacle in the throat or a cough. A physical examination may reveal congestion of the mucosa followed by a unilateral crater ulceration often covered with fat, as well as a thick coating, which is accompanied by foetor ex ore. The submandibular and neck lymph nodes are often greatly enlarged and painful. These symptoms may resemble those associated with the neoplastic process and changes in the course of systemic diseases (agranulocytosis). A correct diagnosis in these cases is necessary for adequate therapy. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia among adults in Europe and North America. It is estimated that in Poland, CLL affects approximately 1,400 people per year. In this paper, a case of 62-years old patient with CLL with fungal infection of oral cavity and throat is presented.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2011, 57, 3; 155-158
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Horyzontalna transmisja komórek nowotworowych
    Horizontal transmission of cancer cells
    Autorzy:
    Baranowska, Monika
    Fol, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034184.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. Kopernika
    Tematy:
    canine transmissible venereal tumor
    clam leukemia
    devil facial tumor disease
    tumors
    nowotwory
    nowotwór białaczkopodobny u Mya arenaria
    rak pyska diabła tasmańskiego
    zakaźny psi guz weneryczny
    Opis:
    Istnieją trzy udokumentowane przypadki zakaźnych nowotworów występujących w środowisku naturalnym: rak pyska diabła tasmańskiego, zakaźny psi guz weneryczny oraz białaczko-podobny nowotwór u małgwi piaskołazu. Komórki zakaźnego nowotworu charakteryzują się podobnym lub takim samym materiałem genetycznym, który jest odmienny od genomu gospodarza. Każdy z opisanych rodzajów nowotworów pochodzi od pierwotnego, wspólnego przodka i szerzy się horyzontalnie miedzy osobnikami. Nowotwór rozprzestrzenia się przez bezpośredni kontakt fizyczny (u psów i diabłów tasmańskich) lub poprzez czynniki środowiskowe, jak np. woda (małże). Mechanizmy, które doprowadziły do wyewoluowania zakaźnej postaci nowotworu i pozwalają nowotworowi unikać odpowiedzi odpornościowej gospodarza, nie są do końca poznane. W tym kontekście, pewne znaczenie może odgrywać poziom zróżnicowania genetycznego populacji zwierząt oraz brak/zaburzenia rozpoznawania swój-obcy. Bardziej dogłębne poznanie biologii tego typu nowotworów, ich dróg rozprzestrzeniania się, tworzenia przerzutów, sposobów unikania mechanizmów odpornościowych gospodarza, może udzielić wielu odpowiedzi na temat biologii innych nowotworów.
    There are three documented cases of contagious cancers occurring in natural environment - devil facial tumor disease, canine transmissible venereal tumor and leukemia-like clam cancer. The tumor cells collected from different locations have identical chromosomal rearrangements and they are genetically distinct from their hosts. All the types of transmissible cancers come from an original, common ancestor and they spread through horizontal transmission between individuals. The neoplastic cells are transported through physical contact (dogs and Tasmanian devils) or by environmental factors, e.g. water (soft-shell clams). The mechanisms that led to appearance of the transmissible cancers and that allow the cancer to avoid the host immune response are not yet fully known. In this context, the genetic diversity of animal populations and the lack or disorder of the self/nonself-immune recognition may play a role. In-depth knowledge of biology of this type of cancer: how they can spread, cause metastasis, and avoid immune response, may help to elucidate biology of other cancers.
    Źródło:
    Kosmos; 2017, 66, 2; 297-311
    0023-4249
    Pojawia się w:
    Kosmos
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Aktywna postawa lekarza versus inercja pacjenta: wykrycie przewlekłej białaczki szpikowej podczas badań okresowych
    Active physician attitude vs. patient inertia: detection of chronic myeloid leukemia during periodic examinations
    Autorzy:
    Marcinkiewicz, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152951.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    przewlekła białaczka szpikowa
    wczesne wykrywanie
    komunikacja lekarz–pacjent
    stosowanie się do zaleceń lekarskich
    udział pacjenta
    zdrowie pracujących
    chronic myeloid leukemia
    early detection
    physycian–patient communication
    compliance
    patient participation
    occupational health
    Opis:
    Opis przypadku dotyczy zapoczątkowanego podczas badań okresowych postępowania profilaktyczno-orzeczniczego, które doprowadziło do wczesnego wykrycia przewlekłej białaczki szpikowej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na skrócenie terminu ważności badania okresowego uzasadnione nieprawidłowością w stanie zdrowia, która nie miała bezpośredniego związku z warunkami zawodowymi, oraz na sposób komunikacji i wpływ na pracownika, aby zastosował się do zaleceń lekarskich. Wywnioskowano, że wprawdzie obligatoryjne i cykliczne badania profilaktyczne do celów Kodeksu pracy stwarzają możliwość wczesnego wykrycia nieuświadomionych stanów chorobowych, dając tym samym szansę na poprawę stanu zdrowia pacjentów, ale jednocześnie mogą być traktowane jako ingerencja w prawo do samostanowienia jednostki o własnym życiu i zdrowiu. Uznano, że w ocenie sytuacji kluczowe są postawa lekarza medycyny pracy oraz sposób komunikacji z badanym pracownikiem, które nie tyle zmuszą, ile przekonają – dla dobra pacjenta – do podjęcia diagnostyki lub interwencji prozdrowotnej.
    The case report concerns the prophylactic and medical certification procedure initiated during periodic examinations, which led to the early detection of chronic myeloid leukemia. Particular attention was paid to the shortening of the period of validity of the periodic examination, justified by an abnormal health condition that is not directly related to the working conditions, as well as the method of communication and influencing the employee to comply with medical recommendations. The conclusions stated that, although obligatory and periodic preventive examinations for the purposes of the Labor Code create the possibility of early detection of unawereness of disease, thus giving a chance to improve health, but at the same time they can be treated as an interference with the individual’s right to self-determination about his life and health. It was noted that the key factor in assessing the situation would be the attitude of the occupational medicine physician and the manner of his communication with the employee, who would not be forced, but convinced – for his benefit, to undertake diagnostics or health interventions.
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 6; 485-490
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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