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Tytuł:
EU enlargement and agricultural trade between new and old member states: any changes one year after accession?
Autorzy:
Defrancesco, E.
Zolin, M.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/573374.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
European Union
enlargement
agricultural trade
new member state
old member state
Member State
accession
agricultural product
agriculture
Opis:
The paper aims to evaluate whether or not the last EU enlargement to the new 10 member states (EUN-10) has influenced the intra EU trade of agricultural products. In particular, the analysis focuses on the effects on trade between two groups of countries EU-15 and EUN-8 (i.e. the Central-Eastern Europe new members countries) of the EU-accession process. The import-export flows show a noticeable increase in trade between the two areas over the last decade. This increase surely stems from the opening up process, but according to second best theory in international trade which applies to Customs Unions – it not necessarily favours efficiency as far as social welfare is concerned. The analysis shows also that the comparative advantages in certain products, which ten years ago fuelled trade, do not appear to have altered the position of the two groups of countries. Focusing on agricultural products the integration process, which was already underway during the pre-accession period, has maintained and not reduced their specific specialization.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego; 2006, 14
2081-6960
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sedimentary record comparison of the Piwniczna and Poprad sandstones (Magura Unit, Outer Carpathians) : a study from the border area of eastern Slovakia and Poland
Autorzy:
Dirnerová, D.
Farkašovský, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Outer Carpathians
Magura Unit
Piwniczna Sandstone Member
Poprad Sandstone Member
facies analysis
thin-section analysis
Opis:
Thick deep-water sandstone successions are known from many localities in the Outer Western Carpathians. The present study is focused on comparison of deposits of the Piwniczna (PwSM) and Poprad (PpSM) Sandstone members belonging to the Magura Formation of the Magura Unit, outcropping in the eastern Slovakia and Poland border area. At the general level, a close similarity of the sandstone successions was confirmed by this study. However, in more detail, facies analysis shows differences in the thickness of the sandstone successions, in grain size and in the character of intervals between the thick sandstones. Thin-section study, though, showed almost the same modal composition in the sandstones analysed. The sandstone successions studied are interpreted as sandy debrites, the PwSM showing transitional facies to turbidites. These deposits rep resent channelized depositional lobes in the proximal part of a submarine fan with the PpSM closer to the source. The sediment source area was common to both lithostratigraphic units, and was most likely the South-Magura Ridge.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2018, 62, 4; 881--895
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovation and Employability of National Youth Service Corps Members for Sustainable Development in South-East, Nigeria
Autorzy:
Okafor, Ifeoma P.
Manafa, Fausta
Adeniji, Atinuke O.
Olokooba, Issa Nasiru
Ayorinde, Olumayowa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963603.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Innovation
employability
NYSC member
sustainable development
Opis:
This paper examines the innovation and employability of National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria. The research design employed for this study was a descriptive survey. The population for this study comprises all NYSC members serving in southeast Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to sample all 2019 Batch “C” who participated in the Post Mobilisation Workshop held on 27t - 29t January 2020. Also, a simple random sampling technique was used to select 400 NYSC members from each state of south-east Nigeria. In all, 2000 NYSC members participated in this study. The questionnaire that was used to collect data in this study was titled “Influence of Innovation on Employability of NYSC Members for Sustainable Development Questionnaire”. Percentages were used in describing the demographic characteristics of the respondents, and mean ratings were used to answer the research questions. The findings revealed that influence of innovation on employability of NYSC members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria was positive. The main new innovation to enhance employability of NYSC members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria was agro-allied. The main employability skills of NYSC members for sustainable development in south-east Nigeria were confidence skills. It was concluded that innovation positively influences employability of NYSC members. It was recommended that the NYSC commission should embark on introducing more innovative skills to NYSC members for them to be able to stand on their own after the NYSC programme.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2020, 61; 144-155
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of cable dome under various initial conditions
Autorzy:
Cauner, P.
Kmeť, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/104237.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Rzeszowska im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
cable dome
active member
stiffness
tensegrity
Opis:
The paper focuses on the numerical analysis of Levy cable dome under two various initial conditions. Experimental device of cable dome is equipped with 7×7 wire ropes with diameter ɸ 6 mm. Nevertheless, it is completely changed for 1×19 wire ropes single strand with diameter ɸ 4 mm. The interchange could lead to creation of more adaptive structure for further static and dynamic analyses. Furthermore, it is essential to stress out that force gauges will improve accordingly.
Źródło:
Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury; 2018, 65, 1; 5-12
2300-5130
2300-8903
Pojawia się w:
Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Organy urzędowej kontroli żywności w Polsce
Official Bodies that Control Food in Poland – their Structure, Competence and Mandate
Autorzy:
Wojciechowski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-02
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
member states
inspection
legal acts
safety
Opis:
The model of the official control of food, which covers the objectives, principles and competence of the bodies concerned, is regulated in the European law. The EU member states are obliged to appoint national bodies for official control of food. In the article, the structure of official control of food in Poland is presented. The author discusses the competence of five inspection bodies involved in official food control in Poland, indicating several problems stemming from the fact that their competence is regulated in various legal acts, issued due to their varying objectives and tasks, out of which protection of food safety or quality is, in most cases, only one of several activities. In the opinion of the author, the institutional solutions that are in force in Poland significantly impede the implementation of objectives of official food control set out in the European law.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2014, 59, 1(354); 49-65
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Member States’ Interests and EU Law: Filtering, Moderating and Transforming?
Autorzy:
Varju, Marton
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706587.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
EU obligations
legitimacy
Member State interests
proportionality
Opis:
This article investigates the engagement of EU law with the interests represented and pursued by the Member States within the framework of the European Union. In principle, because the interests which the Member States feed into the EU governance machinery are formulated in political processes at the national level, and thus possess paramount political legitimacy, EU law may only interact with those interests when a clear and sufficient mandate has been provided for doing so. Such mandates follow from Treaty provisions or EU legislation. They embody common political agreements among the Member States by which they commit themselves to realising the specific interests they share, as well as achieving related common policy objectives. In practice, however, the boundaries of EU law’s mandate are difficult to determine with precision, and this may weaken the legitimacy of EU law’s interventions. The weaker legitimacy of the law raises particular problems in the law of the Single Market, where the interests pursued by national governments are subjected to filtering, moderation, and even transformation by the Court of Justice.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2017, 37; 143-162
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE BASIC RELATIONS IN THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE EU-15 AND EU-13 MEMBER STATES. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT STRUCTURES AFTER 2004
Autorzy:
Martyna, Jędrzejczyk,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/897981.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-02-20
Wydawca:
Kujawsko-Pomorska Szkoła Wyższa w Bydgoszczy
Tematy:
labour market
EU member states
employment
unemployment
Opis:
The aim of this study is to arrange the member states of the European Union in order of their labour market potential. The data used for research were provided by the European Statistical Office. Therefore, it was possible to provide reliable comparisons of individual countries. Based on the unemployment rate, the employment rate and other macroeconomic indicators, including GDP, the inflation rate, labour costs and amount of remuneration, a synthetic indicator was developed. Account was also taken of those elements of the economic environment of the labour market which theoretically demonstrate material interrelations with its structures. The results achieved prove the potential of the labour market, as well as its innovative and development abilities. The research is based on the Perkal synthetic index. The research findings were used to classify the member states of the European Union and to identify the countries with the highest and the lowest labour market potential.
Źródło:
Roczniki Ekonomiczne Kujawsko-Pomorskiej Szkoły Wyższej w Bydgoszczy; 2018, -(11); 395-406
1899-9573
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Ekonomiczne Kujawsko-Pomorskiej Szkoły Wyższej w Bydgoszczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rezygnacja członka zarządu po nowelizacji kodeksu spółek handlowych
Resignation of a management board member after amendment to the Commercial Companies Code
Autorzy:
Szczurowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-01-31
Wydawca:
Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne
Tematy:
członek zarządu
rezygnacja
management board member
resignation
Opis:
Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest tryb złożenia rezygnacji przez członka zarządu spółki kapitałowej. Przepisy prawa dotyczące tej kwestii znajdują się w art. 202, 300(56) , 368 Kodeksu spółek handlowych, przy czym koncentrują się one na sytuacji, w której w wyniku rezygnacji żaden mandat w zarządzie nie będzie obsadzony. Autor przytacza regulację tej kwestii w spółce z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością, prostej spółce akcyjnej oraz spółce akcyjnej. Zwraca uwagę, że w przypadku pierwszych dwóch spółek rezygnacja ostatniego członka zarządu powinna być złożona na ręce wspólników (akcjonariuszy), przy czym staje się skuteczna po dniu, na który zwołano zgromadzenie wspólników. Inaczej kwestia ta została uregulowana w spółce akcyjnej, w której członek zarządu powinien złożyć rezygnacje na ręce rady nadzorczej, a dopiero w razie jej braku na ręce akcjonariuszy. Autor wskazuje praktyczne aspekty związane z nową regulacją prawną.
The subject of the article is a new mode of resignation of a management board member. It is regulated in article 202, 300(56), 368 of The Commercial Company Code. The law concerns the situation when as a result of resignation non seat in the management board is filled. The author highlights new rules pertaining to limited liability company, simple joint-stock company and joint-stock company. He underlines that in the case of the first two types of companies the resignation should be addressed to shareholders and the member should convene meeting of shareholders (general meeting). The resignation will not enter into force until the day following the day on which the general meeting was held. In a joint-stock company the rules are different, because the resignation must be submitted to the supervisory board first. If non seats in the supervisory board is filled, it must be addressed to shareholders. The author focuses on problems with practical application of the new regulation.
Źródło:
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego; 2020, 1; 29-34
0137-5490
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wspólna waluta euro a poziom inflacji w państwach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Common Currency and Inflation Level in the Central and Eastern Europe Countries
Autorzy:
Heller, Janusz
Warżała, Rafał
Kotliński, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Euro Currency
Inflation
New EU Member States
Opis:
The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the euro adoption on the inflation level in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, i.e. Slovenia, Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The hypothesis was adopted that the average price level increase - within the framework of the inflation targeting – is a fixed element of the monetary policy of all central banks, including the European Central Bank. If, after the introduction of a single currency, the rate of inflation is close to the inflation target, then the common monetary policy brings positive effects, and the excessive price increase is only an illusion. As a result of the review of the literature, as well as the analysis of statistical data, it was found that in some of the surveyed countries (Estonia and Slovenia), in the first years after the adoption of the single currency, the price rose above the ECB inflation target, however, this result cannot be attributed solely to the introduction of the single currency (euro). The occurring level of inflation, which is contained in the inflation target of the central bank is acceptable, because its impact on the conomy is positive. The discrepancy between perceived infl ation and its actual level in the new euro area member states may also result from the experience of countries in which – as a result of the price rounding effects – there was an increase in the prices of some consumer goods.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 3; 185-202
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Legitimacy of Restrictions on the Functioning of Single-Member Limited Liability Companies
Autorzy:
Szulc, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1976282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
law
single-member companies
restrictions
superficiality
functioning
Opis:
The article discusses a vital problem of the legal restrictions imposed on single-member limited liability companies under the provisions in force. In the first part of the text, the author explores the binding regulations applicable to single-member companies and arranges them in a way that it is possible to classify them within the legal framework. In the second part, the author deals with the legitimacy of existence of the said restrictions on the functioning of single-member companies, analyses the superficiality of application of particular solutions, and defines the most significant directions of changes necessary to abolish the restrictions imposed on single-member limited liability companies.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2018, 10, 4; 275-284
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obowiązek złożenia oświadczeń majątkowych przez posła do Parlamentu Europejskiego
Obligation of a Member of the European Parliament to submit a declaration of assets
Autorzy:
Odrowąż-Sypniewski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/9300308.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Member of the European Parliament
European Parliament
Opis:
A deputy of the European Parliament is obliged to submit an asset declaration to both the Mar‑ shal of the Sejm and the President of the European Parliament. The declaration submitted to the Marshal of the Sejm is verified by the tax authorities with regard to consistency with previous dec‑ larations and the annual tax return. The declaration submitted to the President of the European Parliament is assessed by the President, who pays particular attention to the issue of the existence of a conflict of interest.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2023, 1(77); 271-277
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors affecting income generation among smallholder farmers with agricultural cooperative membership in Zambia
Autorzy:
Mainza, Nichoolus Obby
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141451.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-07-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
agricultural co-operative
smallholder farmers
member incomes
Opis:
This study analysed the effects of cooperative member characteristics on income generation among smallholder farmers in Chibombo district of Central Zambia using logistic regression from a sample size of 398 co-operative members. The aim of the study was to analyze factors affecting income generation among small-holder famers with membership in agricultural cooperatives, and to identify factors that increase their income. Data were collected in May 2020 using a questionnaire. The empirical data indicated that income increased when there were increases in the cultivated area, primary education and cooperative membership period of 5–10 years but decreased with marriage, being widowed and a farming experience period of 5–10 years. The other factors had no significant effect. Thus, the study concludes that increasing cultivated area, duration of cooperative membership and attending at least primary education would better income generation among cooperative members.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2022, 64, 2; 177-182
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lithofacies and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Early Jurassic Höör Sandstone, Southern Sweden
Autorzy:
Pieńkowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Höör Sandstone (Fm)
Early Liassic
Stanstorp Member
Vittseröd Member
sedimentology
fluvial lithofacies
storm- and tide-dominated facies
formal lithostratigraphy
Opis:
Sedimentological analysis of the Early Jurassic Höör Sandstone in Central Scania, Sweden shows that two units representing different lithofacies may be distinguished. The lower Stanstorp Member is characterised by texturally and mineralogically heterogeneous sediments. Mature arenites and immature quartz and subarkosic wackes form two clearly separated groups, interpreted as fluvial channel and alluvial plain deposits respectively. The fluvial character of this member is supported by a dominance of unidirectionally oriented trough sets, abundant plant detritus, the presence of plant roots and palaeosols and a lack of marine body fossils and trace fossils. An intercalated composite polymict conglomerate layer is interpreted as the result of an extraordinary flood. The overlying Vittseröd Member is characterised by mature quartz arenites and large-scale tabular sets with multidirectional orientations. The Vittseröd Member arenites are of storm- and possibly tide-dominated shoreface origin. Bidirectional wave and tide-induced longshore currents and unidirectional onshore migration of sand ridges were the chief depositional processes. Longshore currents towards the NNW prevailed. Upper flow regime features, and erosion and reworking of sediments are attributed to the storm-induced rip currents. Lithofacies characteristics are used to define the following lithostratigraphical units: the Stanstorp and the Vittseröd members, as well as the Höör Sandstone (Fm) above. Lithofacies and palaeoenvironmental characteristics of the Vittseröd Member and their comparison with the facies of the Helsingborg and Döshult members in Western Scania suggest a Sinemurian age for the Vittseröd Member.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2002, 46, 3; 307-320
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How Faculty Members’ Personality traits Influence their Education-Research Performance
Autorzy:
Zamani, Asghar
Pouratashi, Mahtab
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1997538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
personality traits
education performance
research performance
faculty member
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and education-research performance of faculty members. A survey was conducted among 321 faculty members in Tehran University, Iran. The research instrument included: personal and professional features, items related to personality traits, and items related to self-evaluation of education and research performance. Reliability and validity of the instrument were determined through opinions of faculty members and application of Cronbach’s Alpha, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS/Windows. Findings showed that neuroticism had a negative and significant effect on education and research performance. Openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness had positive and significant effects on research performance. Extraversion and agreeableness had positive and significant effects on education performance. Finally, results showed that agreeableness had the most effect on educational performance and neuroticism had the most effect on research performance.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2017, 50; 70-82
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
WPŁYW SYSTEMU WYBORCZEGO MIESZANEGO NA SYSTEM POLITYCZNY NOWEJ ZELANDII
INFLUENCE OF MIXED MEMBER PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION ON THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF NEW ZEALAND
Autorzy:
SZABACIUK, WOJCIECH
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
New Zealand
mixed member proportional representation
voting system
Opis:
This article is an attempt to analyze the New Zealand voting system after almost twenty years of experience of working the new system. New Zealand until 1993 was a model of Westminster Democracy with a two-party system and plurality voting system. As a consequence of a referendum in 1993 the voting system of New Zealand was trans-formed from first-past-post to mixed member proportional representation. This change was a cause of the increase in the effective number of parties and political polarization and also was a decreased of the disproportionality of elections. In this paper I want to show the political consequences of Mixed Member Proportional Representation for the party system and the creation of a cabinet for New Zealand. Two major parties after the transition to the new system were no longer able to create a single-party majority cabinet and were forced to begin new relations with small parties. In this work a method of sys-tem analyses was used. In conclusions I show that New Zealand has one of the most proportional systems and, despite MMP, New Zealand still has a two-party system.
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2014, 12, 2; 49-60 (12)
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Responsibility of the member of board of directors in stock corporation in Commercial Law
Autorzy:
Strapáč, Peter
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
responsibility of the member of board
commercial law
Opis:
The article deals with responsibility of a member of a board in Stock Corporation, which is inseparably linked with his funkcion and the member of the board cannot divest of that. The article comparatively refers to the valid legislation in the Slovak republic, the Czech Republic and Poland. The author not only mentions the valid legislation, but also points out the decisions of the Courts of the mentioned countries. The article refers to terminology issues and compares term „proffesional diligence“which is used in the Slovak republic with term „ diligence of due manager“which is used in the Czech republic.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2014, 2(8); 23-30
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
User charges for road infrastructure in certain European Union member states
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
infrastructure
transport
charges
EU Member States
regulations
roads
Opis:
New regulations enforced by the European Commission have greatly extended the possibilities to levy charges. The regulations include not only the TEN-T network, but also all motorways in Europe. The directive has given Member States the opportunity to charge heavy goods vehicles in a way to balance not only the costs of infrastructure but also those connected to noise and pollution caused by road traffic. The new provisions have enabled Member States to increase the charge during peak periods and to lower it in the off-peak hours in order to reduce traffic more effectively. The binding norms provide that the revenue from the charges should be destined to enhancing the stability of the transport section. The new rules provide a strong incentive to set aside new revenues from charging to finance certain types of transport projects. Poland has adapted very well to this new situation. The ever-increasing network of toll roads gives new opportunities for the development of transport. The increasing number of national and foreign hauliers guarantees constant investment in the development of road infrastructure and therefore a good use of the country’s geographical location.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 48 (120); 138-145
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Australia’s History and Background of Migration and Refugee Policies – Lessons for the EUand Its Member States?
Autorzy:
Marczuk, Karina Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419611.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Australia
EU Member States
European Union
Immigration
refugee
Opis:
This paper explores Australia’s history and background of migration and refugee policies and examines the possibilities of applying the Australian solutions in the European Union. It has often been assumed that the history of Australia’s migration and refugee policies and the solutions it has applied are not relevant for the European Union (although they are suffi cient, albeit controversial, in the case of Australia). In order to verify this assumption, fi rst the origin and the current rules of Australia’s migration policy are presented and described, and then the determinants of immigration to Australia are indicated. Next, the overall state of relations between the EU, its Member States, and Australian immigration matters is explored. The main research questions posed in this text concern the key points of Australia’s immigration policies and its determinants, as well as the current state of the EU’s and its Member States’ relationship with Australia with respect to the refugee crisis and immigration. The paper ends by offering conclusions with respect to the above.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies; 2016, 19; 261-274
1428-1503
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic impact of the EU Eastern enlargement on New Member States revisited: The role of economic institutions
Autorzy:
Hagemejer, Jan
Michałek, Jan
Svatko, Pavel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1964895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-07-25
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
EU enlargement
New Member States
synthetic control method
Opis:
The paper analyses the economic implications of the accession of New Member States (NMS) to the European Union (EU) in 2004 and 2007. The estimation effects of integration with the EU were carried out as a comparative case study using the synthetic control method (SCM) proposed by Abadie and Gardeazabal. Compared to previous studies analysing the effects of accession to the EU (Campos, Coricelli and Moretti), we check for the importance of the quality of economic institutions for the matching process of the analysed economies with their comparators. The results of the econometric analysis show a positive impact on the country performance 6 years and 12 years after accession to the EU. The gains from accession are large but not universal. For 5 of the 10 analysed countries the difference in levels of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) against the counterfactual is at least 30%.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2021, 8, 55; 126-143
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia prawna na temat dopuszczalności głosowania przez posłów przebywających poza parlamentem
Legal opinion on the admissibility of voting of Members who are outside Parliament
Autorzy:
Gierach, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12283545.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Member of Parliament
vote
sitting of the Sejm
Opis:
In the author’s view, active participation in the voting of Members staying outside the Sejm, both at plenary sittings and during the voting taking place at the meetings of Sejm committees, is impossible. The Act on the Exercise of the Mandate of a Deputy or Senator imposes on MPs an obligation to actively participate in the work of the Sejm and the implementation of this obligation requires their attendance at the place of such work.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2013, 3(39); 209-212
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of European structural and investment funds absorption on the regional development in the EU-12 (new member states)
Autorzy:
Vukašina, Martina
Kersan-Škabić, Ines
Orlić, Edvard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22443125.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
regional development
ESIFs
panel data analysis
new member states
Opis:
Research background: European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) as the main instruments of cohesion policy (CP) in the EU, provide a broad source of financing opportunities for the EU member states. The biggest amount in the CP budget is oriented to convergence NUTS 2 regions that have GDP p.c. below 75% of the EU average. The new members of the EU (accessed in 2004 and 2007) had available 176.3 billion EUR in the period 2007?2013 and 217 billion EUR in the period 2014?2020. Even the absorption rate (in 2007?2013) of available ESIFs is high (above 90%), the real implications on their economies don?t come automatically and they represent the area for examination. Purpose of the article: The research aims to analyse the impact of ESIFs absorption in EU new member states in the period 2008?2016 on their GDP p.c.  Methods: As the sample has time and cross-sectional dimension, the panel data in static and dynamic form is employed. The analysis covers the major part of the financial framework 2007?2013 and a part of financial perspective 2014?2020 (depending on the available data). Findings & value added: The results indicate that increase in ESIF p.c. for 1% will contribute to the GDP p.c. increase for 0.0053 to 0.0064 % (static model) and for 0.008% (dynamic model). Although the impact of ESIFs is significant and positive, it is quite (and unexpectedly) small, and consequently new EU member states should not rely too much on them as the source of economic progress. It is necessary that countries should focus on channeling funds into specific segments (sectors, policies) that will result in increased competitiveness of their economies. The contributions lie in creating GDP p.c. determination function; in including all new EU member states; in including more recent available data and by observing ESIFs as a part of growth model.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2022, 17, 4; 857-880
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza wpływu stosowanych form i wysokości współpłacenia na wartość konsumpcji leków w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Autorzy:
Woch, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
cost-sharing, prescription-only pharmaceuticals, European Union member states
Opis:
The analysis of relationships between the cost-sharing payments arrangements for prescription-only pharmaceuticals and the value of prescription-only pharmaceuticals consumptionThis paper analyzes patient cost-sharing arrangements for prescriptiononly pharmaceuticals in the 27 European Union (EU) member states. These arrangements are matched to the value of prescription-only pharmaceuticals consumption in these countries to search for relationships. Data are collected based on a literature review  nd are analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The results indicate no relationship between the cost-sharing payments arrangements for prescription-only pharmaceuticals and the value of prescription-only pharmaceuticals consumption. The lack of statistically significant results leads to conclusion that the potential implementation of the cost-sharing scheme for prescription-only pharmaceuticals can not base solely on the other countries experience. The different motivation for implementing the cost-sharing should be considered together with the following aspects: willingness to pay, potential effects on equity and detailed assessment of advantages and disadvantages of different pharmaceuticals usage.
Źródło:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie; 2009, 7, 1
2084-2627
Pojawia się w:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eastern Partnership and the Preferences of New EU Member States
Autorzy:
Mišík, Matúš
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Instytut Politologii
Tematy:
new member states of the EU
Eastern Partnership
preferences
Opis:
This paper tries to shed some light on factors influencing the positions of the new member states of the EU on Eastern Partnership in its initial phase. It utilises an analytical approach developed by Copsey and Haughton (2009) and argues that the two most important factors affecting positioning of newcomers towards the initiative are: perceived size and geography. While the new members were especially keen to support their immediate neighbours, they were using a common policy towards these countries to increase their presence and influence in the region since the initiative helped them to deal with neighbourhood issues they were not able to solve on their own. The paper suggests an amendment to the theoretical approach and proposes an assumption explaining positioning of the member states towards the third countries that better reflect the empirical evidence than the original framework. Moreover, the research showed that Poland differed from the rest of the new EU countries, was much more active and influential and rather resembled the old members. However, due to its not very positive image (caused by its assertive approach and strong effort to play a prominent role within the EU) its influence within the EU was limited and, therefore it proposed the Eastern Partnership together with Sweden that held a much better image.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Review. Polski Przegląd Politologiczny; 2013, 1; 33-48
2353-3773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Review. Polski Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolving Dynamics in Competition Law: A GCC Perspective
Autorzy:
Memeti, Nora
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
competition law
GCC Member States
institutional framework
legislative framework
Opis:
This article examines the Competition Laws of the Members States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It examines their content, puts all of them under general scrutiny from their enactment until today and compares their basic features to other (developed) competition law jurisdictions, such as EU Competition Law and US Antitrust Law. The article argues the importance of the Advocacy principle in the region and the incentives international organizations (IOs) have induced so far for the development of Competition Law in the GCC Countries, including the link between trade and Competition Law. In today’s economy where online giant companies dominate, where the restrictive conduct among separate independent commercial entities grows immensely, and where mergers do not identify formal state borders, the need for global Competition Law enforcement is indispensable. Therefore, in order to be part of the global competition world, a creation of GCC Competition Law may be considered progressive and advantageous. The article argues the purposes and motivations why such awareness is desirable and provides legislative and normative recommendations on how to accomplish this endeavor.
Cet article examine les lois sur la concurrence des États membres du Conseil de coopération du Golfe (CCG). Il examine leur contenu, les analyse d’un point de vue général depuis leur adoption jusqu’à aujourd’hui et, dans une certaine mesure, les compare aux autres juridictions (les plus développées notamment), telles que la législation européenne sur la concurrence et la législation antitrust américaine. L’article fait valoir l’importance du principe du plaidoyer dans la région, les initiatives que les organisations internationales (OI) ont prises jusqu’ici pour le développement du droit de la concurrence dans les pays du CCG, notamment le lien entre commerce et droit de la concurrence. Dans l’économie d’aujourd’hui – où les géants de l’Internet dominent et les comportements restrictifs entre entités commerciales indépendantes distinctes se multiplient et les fusions n’identifient pas les frontières officielles des États – la nécessité d’appliquer le droit mondial de la concurrence est indispensable. Par conséquent, une création du droit de la concurrence du CCG peut être considérée comme une solution progressive et avantageuse. L’article fait valoir les buts et les motivations pour lesquels une telle prise de conscience est souhaitable et fournit des recommandations législatives et normatives sur la manière dont cet effort doit être accompli.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2019, 12, 19; 173-198
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia prawna na temat dopuszczalności pełnienia przez posła lub senatora funkcji ławnika
Legal opinion on the admissibility of holding of the position of lay judge by a Deputy or Senator
Autorzy:
Czarny, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/6582804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
lay judges
mandate
Member of Parliament
general court
judiciary
Opis:
In Polish legislation there is no express prohibition that prevent a Deputy to the Sejm or Senator from holding the position of lay judge in a common court. You cannot say that the constitutional ban on the simultaneous exercise of a parliamentary mandate and performance of judicial functions, as well as the principle of separation of the judicial power automatically mean a prohibition of performance of the function of lay judge by an MP. However, according to the author, it can hardly be accepted as fully compatible with the principle of separation of powers the situation in which an MP is also a lay judge, due to the principle of separation of the judiciary. In the author’s opinion, to gain complete clarity of the situation, explicit prohibition of holding the position of lay judge in a general court by a Deputy or Senator should be contained in the Act – Law on Common Courts.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2015, 4(48); 199-205
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The European Union in multi-crisis: towards differentiated legal integration?
Autorzy:
Tosiek, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010000.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-10
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
European Union
differentiated integration
crisis
legal system
member state
Opis:
The aim of this article is to present a general forecast of the development of processes of legal integration in the European Union in the coming years. The European Union is in ‘multi-crisis’, which may force the member states to adopt an organizational development scenario based on differentiation. The selectivity of this differentiation is understood both in terms of the heterogeneity of integration in some areas and the reduction in the number of states fully participating in integration. An analysis of the current trends and solutions proposed and taken by EU decision-makers shows that the EU legal system is not subject to federalization, but in fact the tendency to deepen integration does not conflict with intergovernmentalism. The multiplicity of problems resulting from the multi-crisis will most likely require the deepening of the current differentiation mechanisms and the emergence of new ones.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 48, 1; 157-173
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Starzenie sie populacji krajów Unii Europejskiej – nieodległa przeszłość i prognoza
Population ageing of the European Union countries – recent past and forecast
Autorzy:
Kowaleski, Jerzy T.
Majdzińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418257.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
population ageing
old age people
the European Union member countries
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to describe population ageing in member countries of the European Union and its dynamics in the period 1990-2030. Furthermore, we show chosen social consequences and challenges caused by demographic ageing. In the introduction, we present definition of the population ageing and describe measures used in the paper. The analytical part consists of three sections. The first one is about growth of older population (at the age of 65 and over, and 80 and over) in the years 1990-2030. The next one comprises an evaluation of progress in demographic change in the EU countries, which is based on chosen measures of population structure - aging index (population 65 and over to population 0-14), and potential support ratio (population 15-64 years to population 65 and over). In the analysis, we use also positional measures. The last part focuses on explaining regional differences in progress of demographic ageing of particular countries. The last section of the paper focuses on chosen socioeconomic consequences of ageing in the EU countries. One of them is an expected increase in number of disabled people. Another one is growth in the number of single person households of the elderly, who need familial and extra-familial care.
Źródło:
Studia Demograficzne; 2012, 161, 1; 57-80
0039-3134
Pojawia się w:
Studia Demograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wartości czy interesy? Przyczynek do rozważań o istocie procesów integracji w ramach Unii Europejskiej
Autorzy:
Aleksandra, Szczerba-Zawada,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895024.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-18
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
European Union
Member States
solidarity
sovereignty
EU membership
EU values
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to try to outline the essence of membership of the European Union. This international organization, by virtue of the decision of its creators, i.e. the Member States, has been equipped with attributes, which have determined its unique – supranational – character. As a new legal order, the European Union has been granted some scope of autonomy, but ontologically it is dependent on the Member States. It is the Member States that have taken decision on setting up a new integration structure with a center of decision-making located not only outside but also above them, the scope of its competences and instruments of their exercising, and as “masters of the Treaties”, may decide to dissolve it. The decision to join the European Union seems to be determined pragmatically and praxiologically – upon benefits of cooperation within the framework of the EU. In this perspective solidarity, understood as the unity and equality of the Member States, based on common values, becomes a factor legitimizing the EU, and at the same time – a guarantor of its existence, especially in times of crisis. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie o istotę członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej (UE). Ta organizacja międzynarodowa, na mocy decyzji jej twórców, tj. państw członkowskich, wyposażona została w atrybuty, przesądzające o jej unikalnym – ponadnarodowym – charakterze. Stanowiąca nowy porządek prawny, Unia Europejska posiada określony zakres autonomii, ale w sensie ontologicznym jest zależna od państw członkowskich. To one zdecydowały o powołaniu struktury integracyjnej z ośrodkiem rządzenia ulokowanym nie tylko poza, ale także ponad nimi, o zakresie jej kompetencji oraz instrumentach ich realizacji, a pozostając „panami traktatów”, mogą zdecydować o jej rozwiązaniu. Decyzja o członkostwie w Unii Europejskiej wydaje się być warunkowana pragmatycznie i prakseologicznie – korzyściami, jakie daje współpraca w zakresie rozwiązywania wspólnie doświadczanych problemów. Solidarność, rozumiana jako jedność i równość państw członkowskich, wyrosła na jednoczącym aksjologicznym gruncie i warunkująca realizację integracyjnych celów, staje się w tej perspektywie czynnikiem legitymizującym UE, a jednocześnie – gwarantem jej bytu, zwłaszcza w niełatwym czasie kryzysów.
Źródło:
Przegląd Europejski; 2017, 3 (45); 96-115
1641-2478
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Europejski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ranking krajów UE ze względu na ubóstwo energetyczne
Ranking of EU member states by fuel poverty
Autorzy:
Szamrej-Baran, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
ubóstwo energetyczne
ranking
kraje UE
fuel poverty
EU member states
Opis:
Fuel poverty occurs when a household cannot afford to keep their house/flat adequately warm. Thus an energy poor household is one that cannot buy energy services at a reasonable cost. The aim of the work is to rank 27 EU member states (excluding Croatia) by global level of fuel poverty (its extent). Based on a prior research and previously chosen set of variables describing fuel poverty, a ranking was created for 2014. The results have been compared with results of a survey from 2009 based on the same methodology.
Ubóstwo energetyczne pojawia się, gdy gospodarstwo domowe ma problem z utrzymaniem odpowiedniej (komfortowej) temperatury w domu/mieszkaniu, czyli gospodarstwo ubogie energetycznie to takie, którego nie stać na utrzymanie ogrzewania na odpowiednim poziomie po rozsądnych cenach. Celem pracy jest utworzenie rankingu 27 krajów członkowskich Unii Europejskiej ze względu na ubóstwo energetyczne (jego zasięg). W oparciu o wyniki wcześniejszych badań (rozprawa doktorska) na podstawie przyjętej listy zmiennych opisujących zjawisko ubóstwa energetycznego skonstruowano ranking krajów UE w 2014 roku. Rezultat badania porównano z wynikami podobnego rankingu z 2009 roku.
Źródło:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii; 2016, 43, 2
1429-3730
2450-095X
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovativeness in Organizations: The Role of LMX and Organizational Justice. The Case of Poland
Autorzy:
Wojtczuk-Turek, Agnieszka
Turek, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
innovative workplace behaviour (IWB)
leader-member exchange (LMX)
organizational justice
Opis:
The subject of the paper is the analysis of chosen determinants of innovative behaviors in the workplace (IWB). Particular focus was placed on the examination of relations between IWB and leader-member exchange (LMX), and organizational justice. Theoretical premises and empirical studies to date suggest that both LMX and organizational justice positively correlate with IWB. The examination of the variables with regard to IWB was conducted in isolation, however, which indicates that it does not verify how LMX and organizational justice jointly explain IWB. In order to analyze the problem, a  survey was conducted on 201 employees of Polish firms. The analyses confirmed a  positive correlation between IWB and LMX (r = 0.38; p < 0.01), and between IWB and organizational justice (r = 0.36; p < 0.01). The obtained results confirmed the postulated research hypotheses. However, regression analyzes indicated that both independent variables introduced into the model, despite their significant mutual interrelation, do not cause an increase in the explanation of variance of the results for IWB. It was explained by suggesting that the chosen set of variables, in which one variable functions as a  mediator, does not explain IWB linearly, but structurally.
Źródło:
International Journal of Synergy and Research; 2013, 2, 1-2
2083-0025
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Synergy and Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przeciwdziałanie koncentracji mediów w wybranych państwach członkowskich i Unii Europejskiej – analiza rozwiązań prawnych
Autorzy:
Jas-Koziarkiewicz, Marta
Stasiak-Jazukiewicz, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
media concentration
European Union
Member States
media pluralism
media ownership
Opis:
The problem of media ownership is crucial in democratic countries because the quality of the public debate depends on it. The aim of this analysis is to identify different forms of media ownership in six European countries (Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary and Italy) and the means by which these countries prevent the concentration of media ownership. Since the decisions made by the European Union have a great impact on the European media, the article also presents the position of the EU on the concentration of media ownership, as well as its response to decisions taken by member states regarding this matter. The 2000s and 2010s saw the liberalization of national regulations on the concentration of media ownership in some states. Attempts were also made to limit the relationship between the media and politics. There is also an emerging tendency towards integrated regulation, which includes both the media and the telecommunication markets.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2018, 1; 147-162
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effective Mechanism for Measuring Forces in Tension Member
Efektywne urządzenie pomiarowe do określania sił w napiętym cięgnie
Autorzy:
Filipkowski, Jan
Deska, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385887.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
tension member
internal force
measurement
napięte cięgno
siła wewnętrzna
pomiar
Opis:
Tension structures are engineering constructions in which the primary role is played by tension members forming the whole structure or forming its basic elements; e.g., guys. Preserving the right values of the forces in tension members is particularly important for the safe operation of these objects. This paper describes the various direct and indirect methods for determining the forces in the tension members. The basic part of the work is a description of a device that allows us to determine the force of a tension member. The essence of the idea of measuring the force of the tension member using this device is to take over the force of the tension member and then measure it. This device consists among others, of two sets of rope clamps, two annular plates leaning against the clamps, and three steel bars which take over the force of the rope. Changing the length of the rods is recorded using a precision strain meter. In the paper, the realization of the measurement using the device is presented. By measuring the force of a strained tension member using this device, one does not achieve directly the values of the real force but its modified value (which is greater than the real one). The differences between the actual force and the modified one are caused by the length of the mechanism. The constructed device is shown in photographs (Figs. 13 and 14). The measurement of the forces in tension members using this device makes it possible to verify the results of the determination of forces using other methods, for example, using the shape of a tension member which is determined by surveying methods. It is particularly important for the tight, short, nearly vertically disposed guys having relatively large cross-sections.
Konstrukcje cięgnowe to takie konstrukcje inżynierskie, w których zasadniczą rolę odgrywają cięgna tworzące całość konstrukcji lub stanowiące jej podstawowe elementy, np. odciągi. Szczególne znaczenie dla bezpiecznej eksploatacji tych obiektów ma zachowanie odpowiednich wartości sił w cięgnach. W pracy omówiono różne metody określania sił w cięgnach (bezpośrednie i pośrednie). Główną część pracy stanowi opis urządzenia, które pozwala bardzo dokładnie określić siłę w napiętym cięgnie. Istotą pomysłu pomiaru siły w cięgnie przy użyciu tego urządzenia jest przejęcie siły z cięgna i następnie jej pomiar. Urządzenie to składa się, między innymi, z dwóch zestawów zacisków linowych, dwóch płyt pierścieniowych opierających się o zaciski i trzech prętów stalowych, które to właśnie przejmują siłę z liny. Zmiany długości prętów rejestrowane są z wykorzystaniem precyzyjnego ekstensometru. W pracy przedstawiono też zasadę wykonywania pomiarów urządzeniem. Mierząc siłę w napiętym cięgnie za pomocą tego urządzenia, nie uzyskuje się wprost wartości siły rzeczywistej, a jej wartość zmodyfikowaną, która jest od niej większa. Różnice między wartością siły rzeczywistej i siły zmodyfikowanej powoduje długość urządzenia pomiarowego. Skonstruowane urządzenie przedstawiono na zdjęciach (rys. 13 i 14). Pomiar sił w cięgnach za pomocą tego urządzenia umożliwia weryfikację wartości sił określonych innymi metodami, na przykład na podstawie kształtu cięgna określonego metodami geodezyjnymi. Jest to szczególnie istotne w przypadku napiętych, krótkich, prawie pionowo umieszczonych odciągów o stosunkowo dużym przekroju.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2019, 13, 1; 29-38
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Belka czy płyta? Klasyfikacja elementów konstrukcyjnych w świetle teorii wytrzymałości materiałów oraz literatury inżynierskiej
A beam or a slab? Classification of structural members according to the theory of solid mechanics and engineering literature
Autorzy:
Samborski, M.
Słowik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/390053.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
slab
beam
definition of a bar-type member
definition of a shell-type
member
stress distribution
belka
płyta
definicja pręta
definicja powłoki
rozkład naprężeń
Opis:
Podstawą kategoryzacji belek i płyt w konstrukcjach żelbetowych są elementy prętowe i powłokowe zdefiniowane w ramach teorii wytrzymałości materiałów. Niejednoznaczność definicji belki i płyty, podawanych w literaturze inżynierskiej, może prowadzić do nieprawidłowego określenia rozkładu naprężeń w elementach żelbetowych.
The basic solid mechanics definition of a bar-type member and a shell-type member gives rules for the classification of structural reinforced concrete members on beams and slabs. But the definition of a beam and a slab, which we can find in an engineering literature, are not precise and this fact can lead to the incorrect determining of stress distribution in reinforced concrete members.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Architektura; 2017, 16, 3; 103-112
1899-0665
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Architektura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Change of Composition of Voivodeship Board as a Result of Changing Its Statute in the Context of Keeping Principles of Polish Structural Administrative Law
Autorzy:
Czerw, Jarosław
Świerczyński, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1913059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
voivodeship board
change in the voivodeship statute
board member
resignation of a board member
zarząd województwa
zmiana statutu województwa
członek zarządu
rezygnacja członka zarządu
Opis:
 This article presents the issues of changing the composition of the voivodeship board in the Republic of Poland as a result of the change in the voivodeship statute. As part of the legal analysis of the institution in question, the authors paid special attention to practical issues and nodal problems that may be encountered when interpreting the provisions of the Act of 5 June 1998 on Voivodeship Self-Government. The issues raised refer to the actual state of affairs in the Sejmik of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The article is of a scientific and research nature. The authors put forward three hypotheses and attempted to prove them in the framework of the conducted analysis. Firstly, a change in the composition of the voivodeship board as a result of the change in the voivodeship statute is possible in the light of the principles of the Polish systemic administrative law without the need to dismiss the entire voivodeship board. Secondly, in a situation where the resolution amending the articles of association did not include any adjusting provisions, it is necessary to adjust the make-up of the management board to the requirements of the amended articles as soon as possible. Thirdly, the solution according to which the dismissal or acceptance of a resignation of a board member by the voivodeship parliament and the election of a deputy marshal in his place within one resolution should be rejected. The results of the research carried out in the course of the analysis are original and innovative, as such studies have not been conducted so far. As a result, this article is a valuable source of knowledge for representatives of science and practice.
Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia problematykę zmiany składu zarządu województwa w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, przeprowadzanej na skutek zmiany statutu województwa. Autorzy w ramach analizy prawnej przedmiotowej instytucji szczególną uwagę zwrócili na kwestie praktyczne oraz problemy węzłowe, na jakie można się natknąć, dokonując wykładni przepisów ustawy z dnia 5 czerwca 1998 r. o samorządzie województwa. Podjęta problematyka nawiązuje do stanu faktycznego, jaki wystąpił w sejmiku województwa świętokrzyskiego. Artykuł ma charakter naukowo-badawczy. Autorzy postawili trzy hipotezy i podjęli próbę ich udowodnienia w ramach prowadzonej analizy. Po pierwsze, zmiana składu zarządu województwa na skutek zmiany statutu województwa jest w świetle zasad polskiego ustrojowego prawa administracyjnego możliwa bez konieczności odwoływania całego zarządu województwa. Po drugie, w sytuacji gdy w uchwale zmieniającej statut nie zamieszczono przepisów dostosowujących, konieczne jest jak najszybsze doprowadzenie do dostosowania składu zarządu do wymogów zmienionego statutu. Po trzecie, należy odrzucić rozwiązanie, według którego do odwołania lub przyjęcia rezygnacji członka zarządu przez sejmik województwa oraz do wyboru wicemarszałka w jego miejsce miałoby dojść w ramach jednej uchwały. Wyniki przeprowadzonych w toku analizy badań mają charakter oryginalny i nowatorski, badania takie nie były bowiem dotychczas prowadzone. Powoduje to, że niniejszy artykuł stanowi cenne źródło wiedzy dla przedstawicieli nauki i praktyki.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2020, 29, 5; 41-63
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Buckling of bipolarly prestressed closely-spaced built-up member
Stateczność osiowo ściskanego pręta bliskogałęziowego sprężonego bipolarnie
Autorzy:
Siedlecka, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wyboczenie
pręt bliskogałęziowy
przekrój złożony
ceownik
sprężenie bipolarne
sprężenie
przemieszczenie
buckling
closely spaced built-up member
built-up member
C-section
bipolar prestressing
prestress
displacement
Opis:
The study analysed a bisymmetric closely-spaced built-up member, pin-supported at both ends. It was bipolarly pre-stressed with a displacement (BPCSBM), and loaded with an axial compressive force. Maximum internal gap between the chords was assumed in the section, in which during the stability failure in a classic closely-spaced member, the largest lateral displacements between nodes would potentially occur. As regards the BPCSBM chosen for analysis, the issues of the buckling resistance in the presence of compressive axial load were solved using the energy method, in which the functional minimisation was performed in accordance with the Rayleigh-Ritz algorithm. The problem of BPCSBM stability was also solved using FEM. A spatial shell model was developed. The stability analysis was performed. The analysis resulted in obtaining the buckling load and the member buckling modes. A general conclusion was formulated based on the results obtained: bipolar pre-stressing leads to an increase in buckling resistance of closely-spaced members.
W pracy analizowano obustronnie przegubowo podparty bisymetryczny pręt bliskogałęziowy bipolarnie sprężony przemieszczeniami obciążony osiową siłą ściskającą. Bipolarne sprężenie polega na wprowadzeniu trwałego, symetrycznego, kontrolowanego przemieszczenia gałęzi ściskanego pręta bliskogałęziowego względem siebie. Maksymalne rozchylenie gałęzi w świetle przewidziano w przekroju, w którym przy utracie stateczności klasycznego pręta bliskogałęziowego potencjalnie wystąpiłyby największe przemieszczenia miedzy węzłami. Bipolarnie sprężony pręt bliskogałęziowy (PBSB) jest zatem prętem bliskogałęziowym o prostej osi i gałęziach zakrzywionych w strefie sprężenia (L2), powstałym w wyniku wprowadzenia samozrównoważonego układu naprężeń wstępnych w elemencie. Dla wytypowanego do analiz PBSB zagadnienie nośności krytycznej pod ściskającym obciążeniem osiowym rozwiązano przy zastosowaniu metody energetycznej z minimalizacją funkcjonału według Rayleigha-Ritza. Przy budowie funkcjonału energii potencjalnej ustroju sztywność postaciowa PBSB w strefie sprężenia została opisana wzorem na sztywność postaciową dwuzbieżnych liniowo prętów dwugałęziowych, zmodyfikowanym o amplifikacje przemieszczeń i wskaźnik imperfekcji wstępnie wygiętego pręta ściskanego. Zaproponowano przyjęcie funkcji () aproksymującej linię ugięcia w postaci szeregu spełniającego warunki brzegowe rozpatrywanego pręta.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2022, 68, 3; 23--35
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Energy Taxation in Terms of Achieving Climate Neutrality
Autorzy:
Lovas, Dóra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129149.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-09
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
energy tax
European Union
Climate Neutrality
sovereignity of the Member States
Opis:
The energy tax is a type of environmental tax. In addition to its ability to generate revenue for the central budget, it is important that it can have a major impact on the achievement of the European Union’s significant but not legally binding objectives in the field of energy policy and climate change. The role of the energy tax is gradually increasing, partly due to the growing importance of environmental considerations in certain policies, on the other hand, the EU attaches great importance to the harmonization of these tax rules, as almost 75% of environmental taxes in integration come from the energy sector, so the role of energy taxes in environmental taxation and policy is also important. The EU wants to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 and achieve full climate neutrality by 2050, as set out in the Green Agreement Communication. Aiming to achieve these goals, the European Commission has adopted the so called ‘Fit for 55’ package of proposals on climate protection, which, in addition to several measures, states the need of the amendment of the Energy Tax Directive (hereinafter: Energy Tax Directive, the Directive). The reason for this is that, in its current form, it is not in line with climate protection goals, as it does not encourage the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and energy efficiency.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 50, 3; 39-59
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Remarks on the Possibility of VAT Group’s Introduction Into the Bulgarian Tax Legislation
Autorzy:
Dulevski, Stoycho
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
VAT
Bulgaria
Member States
Directive 2006/112
VAT group
taxable person
Opis:
The provision of Art. 11 of the Council Directive 2006/112 of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax (VAT Directive) introduces the VAT group’s concept. It should be noted that it grants a right and not an obligation on a Member State (MS) to transpose this text into its domestic law on appropriate way. So far, Bulgaria has not such provision in its national legislation. The current study is dived into three main parts. The first examines some relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in this matter that will be followed by author’s comment. The second emphasizes certain VAT group’s specifics through the prism of the domestic legislation of some MSs. The third refers to its possible future transposition into the Bulgarian tax law. Taking into account both the European and the national practice on this issue, the author will try to design an exemplary VAT group’s provision from Bulgarian perspective.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 24, 4; 69-81
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
National systems of law and european integration
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43354669.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Treaty of Rome
European Union
Member States
European integration
European Commission
Opis:
Poland’s integration with the European Communities is, as it follow from our reflections, a fdifficult proces, which requires deep systemic changes that must occur within the framework of the transformation of the State system, which has been going on for ten years already and has been completed yet. Without continuing the transformation Paland has no chance for a real integration.
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 2002, 125-132; 7-16
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W obliczu wyzwań – kształtowanie nowej agendy w polityce imigracyjnej i azylowej Unii Europejskiej
Facing challenges – developing a new agenda for EU immigration and asylum policy
Autorzy:
Paterek, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
EU immigration and asylum policy
solidarity between Member States
irregular migration
Opis:
Migration plays a central role in current global processes of economic, social and political change. And it is a major challenge for the EU and the Member States. This paper presents some of the changed policy environment in which the EU finds itself and focuses on the developing process of a new European agenda for immigration and asylum policy. It analysis the current state of global migration and its emerging trends and highlights some of the key shifts in the European policymaking environment that the EU will face. A growing demand for European as opposed to national approaches to immigration issues allows to increase the weight of the EU in world population terms.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 1; 93-113
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nierówności a rozwój społeczno‑gospodarczy w krajach Unii Europejskiej – badanie zróżnicowania wyników w zależności od użytych metod pomiaru rozwoju
Inequalities and socio-economic development in EU countries – differences in results caused by using different measures of development
Autorzy:
Witoń, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/595899.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
alternative measures of development, EU member countries, income inequalities, Kuznets' hypothesis
Opis:
There has been stable, though not uninterrupted socio-economic development in the European Union in recent years. However, this process was not accompanied by a corresponding decrease in income inequalities in half of the countries. The main goal of the article was to present and compare the level of inequalities and socio-economic development in member countries. The research also aimed to analyze the relationship between these two phenomena using various measures of development (GDP per capita, Human Development Index, Happy Planet Index) and inequalities (GINI, the share of income held by top 20%, the share of income held by top and bottom 20% ratio). The correlation analysis shows a weak, negative relationship between the phenomena, which is in line with the Kuznets' hypothesis. However, the fixed-effects models show that the HPI does not explain the variance of inequalities in the EU. GDP per capita and HDI provide similar, fairly good fit of the models. Considering these results, the alternative measure (HDI) has no advantage over the traditional measure (GDP per capita) when analyzing the relationship with income inequalities.
W ostatnich latach pośród krajów Unii Europejskiej można zaobserwować stabilny, choć nie nieprzerwany rozwój społeczno‑gospodarczy, jednak tylko w połowie krajów UE towarzyszył mu spadek nierówności dochodowych. Celem niniejszej pracy jest porównanie poziomu nierówności społecznych i rozwoju społeczno‑gospodarczego w krajach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej, a także próba określenia zależności pomiędzy analizowanymi zjawiskami, z wykorzystaniem różnych metod pomiaru poziomu rozwoju społeczno‑gospodarczego (PKB per capita, Human Development Index, Happy Planet Index) oraz różnych metod pomiaru nierówności dochodowych (GINI, udział dochodów w rękach 20% najbogatszych, stosunek udziału dochodów 20% najbogatszych do udziału dochodów 20% najuboższych). Analiza korelacji między różnymi kombinacjami wyżej wymienionych mierników pokazuje słabą, odwrotną zależność, co jest zgodne (co do kierunku, jeśli nie siły) z hipotezą Kuznetsa. Skonstruowane modele efektów stałych pokazują jednak, że HPI nie jest w stanie tłumaczyć zmienności poziomu nierówności w krajach UE, podczas gdy wykorzystując PKB per capita i HDI, uzyskuje się podobny, dobry poziom dopasowania modelu. Miernik alternatywny (HDI) nie ma więc przewagi nad miernikiem tradycyjnym (PKB per capita).
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2018, 106; 337-353
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykluczenie członka ze spółdzielni w orzecznictwie sądowym
Excluding the member from co-operative membership in judicial practice
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1596316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
exclusion
member
co-operative
judicial practice
wykluczenie
członek
spółdzielnia
orzecznictwo sądowe
Opis:
W artykule omówiono istotę członkostwa w spółdzielni, a także czynniki warunkujące przyjęcie osoby w poczet jej członków. Zanalizowano konstrukcję art. 24 § 2 pr. sp., odnosząc się do sytuacji skutkującej wykluczeniem członka ze spółdzielni. Poruszono również kwestię podmiotów uprawnionych do pojęcia uchwały w przedmiocie wykluczenia członka ze spółdzielni, a także możliwości odwołania się członka od uchwały wykluczającej go z grona spółdzielców. Przedstawiono także zasady, które musi spełnić odwołujący się. Następnie omówiono zagadnienie zaskarżenia uchwały o wykluczeniu członka ze spółdzielni do sądu, a także sprecyzowano możliwości rozwiązania stosunku członkostwa oraz wskazano organ, który jest władny podjąć w tej kwestii stosowną uchwałę.
The paper entitled Excluding the member from co-operative membership in judicial practice, consists of the following parts: introduction; reasons for excluding the member from co-operative membership; proceedings to exclude the member from cooperative membership; appealing against the resolution on excluding the member from co-operative membership and a summary. In the introduction the author writes about the essence of being a co-operative member and the issues determining acceptance of a person as a co-operative member. In the next part the author analyses the structure of Article 24 § 2 of the Co-operatives Law referring to the situation resulting in the exclusion of the member from co-operative membership. The following part of the paper deals with the issue of entities entitled to make a resolution on excluding the member from co-operative membership. The third part entitled Appealing to the general meeting against the supervisory board resolution, contains information about a possibility of appealing against the resolution on excluding the member from co-operative membership. The author gives the conditions (of the appeal) which must be met by the person appealing. The following part is devoted to the appeal to the court against the resolution on excluding the member. In summary the author describes possibilities of terminating the membership and defines them in detail. He also defines which bodies are entitled to pass an appropriate resolution.
Źródło:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis; 2017, 20, 4; 75-91
2083-4373
2545-3181
Pojawia się w:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nietykalność parlamentarna a COVID-19
Parliamentary inviolability and COVID-19
Autorzy:
Grajewski, Krzysztof
Szydzik, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929116.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
nietykalność parlamentarna
COVID-19
poseł
senator
parliamentary inviolability
member of parliament
Opis:
Opracowanie jest poświęcone relacjom pomiędzy instytucją nietykalności parlamentarnej a niektórymi rozwiązaniami stosowanymi w celu zapobiegania lub zwalczania chorób zakaźnych, w tym COVID-19. Z art. 105 ust. 5 Konstytucji RP wynika zakaz pozbawiania lub ograniczania wolności członka parlamentu bez zgody właściwej izby, z wyjątkiem ujęcia go na gorącym uczynku popełnienia przestępstwa i jeżeli jego zatrzymanie jest niezbędne do zapewnienia prawidłowego toku postępowania. Tymczasem w przepisach przeciwepidemicznych odnoszących się m.in. do COVID-19 przewidziano rozwiązania, takie jak kwarantanna, izolacja domowa czy przymusowa hospitalizacja, które kolidują z literalnie odczytywaną konstytucyjną regulacją nietykalności parlamentarnej. W stosunku do osób opierających się zastosowaniu wymienionych rozwiązań istnieje możliwość skorzystania ze środków przymusu bezpośredniego. Autorzy, opierając się na skonstruowanej przez Trybunał Konstytucyjny koncepcji oceny wartości dóbr prawnie chronionych, dochodzą do wniosku, że pomimo braku wyraźnej regulacji konstytucyjnej w tym zakresie, jest możliwe zastosowanie przepisów przeciwepidemicznych w stosunku do członków polskiego parlamentu. W tym przypadku takie wartości jak życie i zdrowie ludzi przeważają nad dobrem prawnym chronionym przez nietykalność parlamentarną.
The article is devoted to the relationship between the institution of parliamentary inviolability and certain measures used to prevent or combat infectious diseases, including COVID- 19. Article 105 sec. 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland prohibits deprivation or restriction of freedom of a member of parliament without the consent of the competent chamber, except his apprehension in the act of committing a crime and if a detention is necessary to ensure the proper course of the proceedings. At the same time, anti-epidemic regulations relating, inter alia, to COVID-19, provides for the possibility to apply measures such as quarantine, home isolation or forced hospitalization that appear to conflict with constitutional regulation of parliamentary inviolability. Furthermore, the law foresees a possibility to apply direct coercion to people resisting the application of such measures. The authors, relying on the concept of assessing the value of legally protected goods, developed by Constitutional Tribunal, conclude that, despite the lack of an explicit constitutional regulation in this regard, it is possible to apply anti-epidemic regulations to members of the Polish parliament. In this case, values such as human life and health prevail over the legal good protected by the institution of parliamentary inviolability.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego; 2021, 5 (63); 123-136
2082-1212
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New interpretation of the provenance of crystalline material from Oligocene flysch deposits of the Skole Nappe, Poland: evidence from heavy minerals and clasts in the Nowy Borek section
Autorzy:
Salata, Dorota
Uchman, Alfred
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
detrital material
provenance
Futoma Member
Carpathians
materiał detrytyczny
pochodzenie
Futoma
Karpaty
Opis:
The Futoma Member (Oligocene, Rupelian) of the Menilite Formation is present only in the northern part of the Skole Nappe. Some diatomitic layers of this member in the Nowy Borek section contain coarse-grained detrital material composed of a variety of metamorphic, volcanic and sedimentary rock fragments. The material derives from primary and secondary sources. Most abundant are debris of metamorphic rocks, mostly gneisses and mica schists. The metamorphic origin of these rocks is confirmed by the composition of heavy mineral assemblages and garnet chemistry. These rocks could have been transported from a local source located close to the margin of the Skole Basin or within that basin. The volcanic rocks reflect Paleogene volcanic activity that was widespread in the Carpathian region. Cherts, which could have been subjected to synsedimentary erosion, may have been derived from the older portions of the same formation.
Źródło:
Geologos; 2019, 25, 2; 163-174
1426-8981
2080-6574
Pojawia się w:
Geologos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unia na rozdrożu – refleksje o przyszłości integracji europejskiej – 60-lecie Traktatów Rzymskich
European Union at the Crossroads – Reflections on the Future of European Integration on the Occasion of the 60th Anniversary of the Treaties of Rome
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416485.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-08
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
Treaties of Rome
European integration
Eurozone
member states
future of EU
Opis:
The founders of the European Union, while signing the Treaties of Rome on 25th March 1957, foresaw that the construction of the united Europe would be accompanied by internal conflicts and crises. They believed that such temporary difficulties would not stop the integration process, but would rather strengthen the feeling of solidarity. However nowadays, when the emerging problems seem to question the future of the EU, it is not sure whether Europe will overcome them being more united indeed. In his article, the author discusses the most important political conditions that influence the debate on the future of the Union, he presents alternative scenarios of the further development of the European integration process in the perspective of the year 2025, and he attempts to set a potential place of Poland in the changing Europe.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2017, 62, 4 (375); 139-161
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Usługi w eksporcie nowych i starych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej - rozbieżne tendencje
Services in the Exports of New and Old Member States of the European Union - the Divergent Trends
Autorzy:
Mroczek, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
usługi
międzynarodowe sieci dostaw
dywergencja
stare państwa członkowskie UE
nowe państwa członkowskie UE
services
international supply chain
divergence
old EU Member States
new EU Member States
Opis:
Usługi odgrywają kluczową rolę w rozwoju handlu międzynarodowego opartego na międzynarodowych sieciach dostaw. Wzrost znaczenia usług w tworzeniu wartości dodanej eksportowanych towarów przekłada się na większą różnorodność i lepszą jakość towarów. Udział usług stanowi jedną z podstawowych różnic w strukturze eksportu państw starej Unii Europejskiej (UE-15) i nowych państw członkowskich z Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej (EŚW). W UE-15, jak wynika zarówno z tradycyjnych statystyk handlu zagranicznego, jak i statystyk uwzględniających wartość dodaną w handlu międzynarodowym, jest ono wyraźnie większe niż w EŚW. Co więcej, w krajach UE-15 od 1995 r. znaczenie usług w eksporcie wzrasta, natomiast w krajach EŚW dominuje tendencja odwrotna, wyraźna zwłaszcza po 2004 r. Strukturalna słabość eksportu (i ogólnie produkcji) w krajach EŚW jest widoczna w strukturze tworzenia wartości dodanej eksportu w poszczególnych grupach usług. W krajach tych w eksporcie towarów wykorzystywana jest przede wszystkim wartość dodana tworzona w usługach związanych z handlem (magazynowanie i logistyka), a więc tych, które tworzą mniejszą wartość dodaną. W UE-15 największa część wartości dodanej powstaje w usługach biznesowych, znajdujących się znacznie wyżej w hierarchii łańcuchów wartości dodanej. Taka struktura zagranicznej wartości dodanej może wskazywać, że dla korporacji międzynarodowych korzystniejsze jest przenoszenie przetwórstwa przemysłowego do nowych państw członkowskich, natomiast rozwijanie działalności usługowej związanej z eksportem towarów albo jest zostawione w krajach macierzystych, albo przenoszone do mniejszych gospodarek UE-15. Kraje EŚW stawały się zatem w większym stopniu centrami przemysłu przetwórczego, podczas gdy kraje Europy Zachodniej przesuwały coraz bardziej swoją specjalizację w kierunku sektora usług.
Services play a key role in the development of international trade based on international supply chains. The growing importance of services in the creation of value added of exported goods increases product differentiation and quality of goods. The importance of services is also one of the distinguished features of different export structures of the old EU Member States and new Member States from Central and Eastern Europe. In the EU-15, the role of services is significantly higher than in CEE. These differences have been indicated by both traditional foreign trade statistics (gross) and the statistics in the added value in international trade. Furthermore, while in the EU-15 since 1995 the importance of services exports has been steadily growing, in the CEE the opposite trend has prevailed, especially evident after 2004. The structural weakness in exports (and generally production) in the CEE countries is visible in the structure of value-added created in exports of each group of services. In the new Member States, in the exports of goods, it is used primarily the added value created in trade-related services (warehousing and logistics), so those that create less value, while in the old EU the largest part of the added value is created in business services, standing much higher in the hierarchy of value-added chains. This structure of foreign value added may indicate that international corporations prefer moving manufacturing to Central and Eastern Europe, while the service activities related to the exports of goods are either left in their home countries or transferred to the smaller economies of Western Europe. In result, the CEE countries have become rather centres of manufacturing, while the countries of Western Europe have specialised increasingly in the services industry.
Źródło:
Unia Europejska.pl; 2014, 5; 3-8
2084-2694
Pojawia się w:
Unia Europejska.pl
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanizm odwoływania członka Izby Gmin w ustroju konstytucyjnym Zjednoczonego Królestwa
Autorzy:
Pastuszko, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Izba Gmin
Zjednoczone Królestwo
odwołanie
członek parlamentu
Wielka Brytania
państwa obce
członek
parlament
House of Commons
United Kingdom
recall
member of parliament
foreign country
member
parliament
Opis:
The article deals with a new legal institution recall of member of parliament that was established in 2015 in the UK. The aim of this institution is to give voters of a constituency a right to force a by-election, if they are unhappy with their MP. They can use it, however, only if certain conditions are fulfilled. According to the bill it becomes possible to initiate the recall procedure when a member of parliament: 1) is convicted by a UK court of an offence and receives a custodial sentence not more than 12 months, 2) is suspended by the House of Commons for more than 10 sitting days or more than 14 calendar days, 3) is convicted of an offence described in Parliamentary Standards Act 2009. These three restrictive provisions indicate that the recall procedure was not drafted as a mechanism of political accountability of deputies. The real intention of lawmaker was, as may be assumed, protection of ethical standards in the parliamentary life of the UK. As a matter of fact, with recall procedure voters can get rid of a member of parliament who broke some ethic elementary rules while holding his/her mandate. Analyzing the content of the new regulations and their ratio legis, the author tries to answer a question what role the new institution can play in functioning the constitutional system of the UK and following in its political life as well. His general conclusion is that even though we consider the new rules as a kind of revolutionary move in legal dimension (like for example the adjustment of the parliamentary mandate characteristics), we cannot expect any revolution in practice.
Źródło:
Studia Prawnicze; 2015, 4 (204); 123-140
0039-3312
2719-4302
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations on torsion of the two-chords single laced members
Badania na skręcanie dwugałęziowych prętów stalowych skratowanych w jednej płaszczyźnie
Autorzy:
Lorkowski, P.
Gosowski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/396035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
konstrukcje stalowe
element dwugałęziowy
elementy skratowane
pojedyncza płaszczyzna skratowań
skręcanie
badania doświadczalne
badania numeryczne
steel structure
two-chords member
single laced member
torsion
experimental investigation
numerical investigation
Opis:
The paper presents experimental and numerical studies to determine the equivalent second moment of area of the uniform torsion of the two-chord steel single laced members. The members are used as poles of railway traction network gates, and steel columns of framed buildings as well. The stiffness of uniform torsion of this kind of columns allows to the determine the critical loads of the spatial stability. The experimental studies have been realized on a single - span members with rotation arrested at their ends, loaded by a torque applied at the mid-span. The relationship between angle of rotation of the considered cross-section and the torque has been determined. Appropriate numerical model was created in the ABAQUS program, based on the finite element method. A very good compatibility has been observed between experimental and numerical studies. The equivalent second moment of area of the uniform torsion for analysed members has been determined by comparing the experimental and analytical results to those obtained from differential equation of non-uniform torsion, based on Vlasov’s theory. Additionally, the parametric analyses of similar members subjected to the uniform torsion, for the richer range of cross-sections have been carried out by the means of SOFiSTiK program. The purpose of the latter was determining parametrical formulas for calculation of the second moment of area of uniform torsion.
Przedstawiono badania doświadczalne mające na celu określenie zastępczego momentu bezwładności czystego skręcania dwugałęziowych prętów stalowych z pojedynczą płaszczyzną skratowań, zlokalizowanych w osi symetrii ich przekroju poprzecznego. Pręty takie stosowane są jako słupy konstrukcji wsporczych sieci trakcyjnej a także jako słupy hal. Sztywność czystego skręcania tego typu słupów niezbędna jest do wyznaczania obciążeń krytycznych stateczności przestrzennej. Badania doświadczalnie realizowano na modelach jednoprzęsłowych prętów widełkowo podpartych na końcach, poddanych skręcaniu skupionym momentem skręcającym przyłożonym w połowie rozpiętości. W badaniach modelowych określono m.in. zależność kąta skręcenia przekroju środkowego analizowanego pręta od obciążenia momentem skręcającym. Analogiczny model pręta rozwiązano numerycznie metodą elementów skończonych za pomocą programu ABAQUS. Otrzymano przy tym dobrą zgodność wyników badań doświadczalnych i numerycznych. Zastępczy moment bezwładności czystego skręcania analizowanych prętów wyznaczono przez porównanie wyników badań doświadczalnych i numerycznych z wynikami otrzymanymi z rozwiązania odpowiedniego równania różniczkowego nieswobodnego skręcania badanego pręta, sformułowanego w ujęciu teorii Własowa. Dodatkowo wykonano analizy parametryczne podobnych elementów poddanych czystemu skręcaniu o bogatszym asortymencie przekrojów w programie SOFiSTiK. Celem tych badań było wyznaczenie praktycznych wzorów umożliwiających teoretyczne obliczenie momentu bezwładności czystego skręcania.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2017, No. 25(2); 147-160
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The French multifunctional model and the short food supply chain as adaptable examples in the case of small and selfsubsistence farms in the EU new member states
Autorzy:
Katalin, O.K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/572850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
French multifunctional model
short food supply chain
food supply chain
farm
European Union
new member state
Member State
farming
animal farm
agriculture
rural development policy
French programme
Opis:
For the countries of the Central Europe, the regional policy measures which concentrate on the maintenance of the small and medium sized producer’s units and are trying to find solutions to the worsening negative circumstances for the family farms (in the EU-12, 68.5% of farms are regarded as being semi-self-subsistent [Statistical… 2010, p. 85] are particularly important. It is unanimously acknowledged that for these farms it is not the support through supplementary income found in the 1st axis that gives a chance of survival (it rather piles difficulties up on them because of the additional cost of administration and protection of the environment), which is rather helpful for the producers of large quantities in complying with the processes of world markets, but it is the support given for the maintenance of the environment and the programmes serving to strengthen connection to the local and regional markets that can produce results (presently 2nd axis). The endeavours mentioned above provide some possibilities of protection and long-term survival of multifunctional, small size family farms, which at the same time produce quality goods, and of warding the hectic changes in the free markets off. Among the countries of Western Europe, it is France that could provide especially useful examples in the course of reformation of the European support system, because the French government and the rural stakeholders have been following their aim, almost for two decades, of the effective development of direct selling (in French vente directe) and short food provision systems (in French circuits courts) through which they preserve those agricultural structures that are built on family connections. The subject of this paper is adaptation possibilities of the French direct marketing model, which evolved for the preservation of multifunctional family farms and warding of the hectic changes in marketing conditions off. It provided proof in the past decade that it is not only the intensive industrial production that can be competitive and viable, but also the small size, multifunctional farms, close to nature, that support one or two families, can provide effective perspectives for the renewal of the prime sector and the agriculture of Europe. If the good practices of Western Europe, and within it France, can be employed in the region of the Eastern and Central Europe, this will contribute to the reduction of distances between country areas, to the uplift of those areas that lag behind and are subdued to a measure of poverty.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego; 2011, 11(26), 3
2081-6960
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bilateral cooperation between Ukraine and EU member states on labor migration: current status and prospects for development
Autorzy:
Savytskyi, Valentyn
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
labor migration
European Union
bilateral agreements
EU member states
employment of foreigners
Opis:
The article reveals the issues of modern bilateral legal regulation of labor migration between Ukraine and EU member states. Bilateral cooperation can be considered the most effective, because it takes into account the actual problems between the participants and is focused on specific subjects. The existing agreements are analyzed, their common and distinctive features are singled out, and the advantages and disadvantages of such agreements are revealed. The author substantiates the conclusion in the article that the Association Agreement does not grant Ukrainian citizens the right to free employment on the territory of EU member states and to free movement within the EU for this purpose. Nothing in the Association Agreement can be interpreted as such that acts as a basis for free employment of Ukrainian citizens. The author has analyzed the agreements that are currently in force with the member states of the European Union, and based on this analysis, he derived the author’s classification, which divides the agreements according to their key characteristics. According to the criterion, author distinguished four types of agreements: cooperation agreements (Belgium); migration flow management agreements (Spain); agreements on mutual employment of citizens and labor activity (Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic); temporary migration agreements (Portugal). The shortcomings of the relevant agreements and ways to improve the future content of such agreements have been identified. The author established interrelation between the agreements concluded in the same period and also allocated the questions which should be fixed in the future bilateral agreements. The article argues that international treaties governing the protection of the rights of migrant workers and employment regulate the basic procedural issues of employment of foreigners in their territory, the requirements for them, as well as the rights he is granted if such requirements are met. The author also identifi es ways to develop bilateral cooperation between Ukraine and EU member states, paying special attention to the following areas: development of the international legal framework with the member states of the Union; institutional cooperation; implementation of international and European norms and standards.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2021, 16; 119-133
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Technology mediation as an effective procedure of public administration in social protection of antiterrorist operations participants
Autorzy:
Zhogno, Iurii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1199329.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-02-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
Ukraine
public administration
mediation
member of the anti-terrorist operation
social injuries
Opis:
This article discusses the efficiency of the technology as mediation procedures of public administration in the social protection of members of the anti-terrorist operation (ATO) and their families. The author introduced empirical research, study results which allowed the present three-factor model of efficiency mediation. The validity of the model is confirmed using standardized statistical criteria. Empirically found that the effectiveness of technology mediation procedures as public administration correlated, both individual and social characteristics combatant of ATO and communicative competence of public servants involved in the process of mediation.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2018, 8, 1; 56-63
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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