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Tytuł:
Some aspects of validation of the fuel consumption measurement method
Autorzy:
Taubert, S.
Majerczyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel consumption
validation
Opis:
Currently produced diesel engines of different manufacturers, used for the same applications, have comparable specific fuel consumption. Therefore, the laboratories measuring fuel consumption, especially in comparative tests, require the use of more accurate methods of measurement. The Environmental Protection Centre of Motor Transport Institute has recently implemented the fuel consumption measurement method using KMA Mobile flow meter produced by AVL company. This device allows to carry out measurements by both volumetric and mass method, thanks to builtin device for measuring the fuel density. Due to some customers requirements the laboratory began with preparations for obtaining accreditation of the Polish Centre of Accreditation for the procedure of measuring fuel consumption by volumetric and mass method. One of the requirements of the Polish Centre for Accreditation is carrying out the validation of the new method. It can be done by comparing the results obtained with new method with the results of the method already validated. The validated method is described in the regulation. This is the carbon balance method described in UN-ECE Regulations No. 101. The calculation of fuel consumption according to this method is based on a measurement of pollutants emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC). This paper describes the fuel consumptions measuring procedure using two methods: mass method using a AVL KMA Mobile flow meter and carbon balance method using the AVL AMA i60 analyzers. To verify measurement results additionally there was fuel consumption measured with using a scale, as a difference of the external fuel tank mass change, from which the vehicle was fuelled during the tests
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 457-464
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some aspect of theory of cumulated fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vehicle
engine
fuel consumption
Opis:
A theory of cumulated fuel consumption in process ofvehicle operation is described. The method of creation the mathematical model and procedure of determination of model variables is shown. The mainfeatures of cumulated fuel consumption are painted attention. li is shown that the theory of cumulated fuel consumption can be use to description of the fuel consumption from beginning the exploitation of vehicles and also for the situation when the vehicle are in exploitation from any time and further fuel consumption are unknown. An example of utilisation of elaborated theory for assessment of operation of passenger car is also presented. It has been shown that applying the theory of cumulated fuel consumption, the course of such consumption can be accurately described also in this case. This proposal can be formulated in spite of making some simplifications. This is because the unknown value of the accumulated fuel before start the time of observation operation will be determined using the average (from the average) fuel consumption. This simplification greatly facilitates the flow of the calculations and it seems does not offend errors in the calculations. Method of determining the average is discussed in the article. It appears that such treatment may be justified by the fact that the mistake is, in principle, systematic error. Very high coefficients of mathematical model to fit the measured data are very interesting. Such regularity was observed during researches in buses transport [l], intercity buses, and the fleets of various vehicles (the results of researches are not yet published).The introduction of the theory of cumulated fuel consumption as one of the important parameters to assess the operation of the vehicle or vehicles may also be useful in exploitation researches. At present times the researches in which the vehicles are already in service and the engine control mops are tuned (chip tuning), are made. A good performance of these changes is often observed on chassis dyno but that is not properly sanctioned in natural exploitation. Experimentation with such issue is underway and will be the subject of future analysis (and publications).
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 447-453
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theory of cumulative fuel consumption by LPG powered cars
Autorzy:
Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel consumption
theory
applications
Opis:
Theory of cumulative fuel consumption is shown for the first time in [1] and [2]. The theory of cumulative fuel consumption has been presented also in this work. The example of LPG car research results have shown the way of getting to mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption and the intensity of cumulative fuel consumption. In this case, the studies were carried out 16 cars whose engines were powered by LPG. The vehicles are operated in a small fleet of vehicles, which run in city traffic. Data on outcomes of exploitation and operation fuel consumption is acquired from the accounting documents of the company. Very good results prediction mathematical model of operational data are obtained. The high value of prescience quotients (in this case R-sq > 9.999) are similar to the values that were obtained in various other cases. Conversance of mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption allows carrying out comprehensive analysis of this significant exploitative parameter. The presented theory must not only be regarded as a theory of cumulative fuel consumption but also can be seen more broadly as a theory of cumulative energy consumption. Research is being conducted on the application of the theory to evaluate energy consumption by hybrid vehicles. The results can be very interesting.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 275-280
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of mileage fuel consumption with the natural operation of the three different cycles
Autorzy:
Sitnik, L. J.
Magdziarz-Tokłowicz, M.
Walkowiak, Wł.
Wróbel, R.
Włostowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel consumption
mileage fuel consumption
resistance to motion
energy consumption of traffic
vehicle operation
SI engine
Opis:
In the automotive industry in the world continuously being sought universal driving cycle. The test should closely match the fuel consumption and emissions of toxins in the fumes of the test vehicle in its real operating conditions [4]. However, in the previously developed solid driving tests established velocity profiles differ significantly from actual driving conditions. The difference in fuel consumption, comparing the natural operation of the NEDC test reaches an average of 18%. The new version of the driving cycle should be more realistic to the everyday use of additional equipment and gadgets that are installed in modern vehicles [1]. The impact on fuel consumption by vehicles may be conditioned not only by its size and weight, but also by the geometry of the track motion, forces causing the motion and the forces acting on the car when driving on curved tracks. The vehicle encounters and overcomes all the forces that act on it while driving-resistance movement. In the energy intake through the vehicle runs in the motor changes at the expense of the energy of fuel consumed. The driving force performs work on a given stretch of road balancing (predominant) friction. On the basis of the calculated resistance movement and the energy consumption of the movement in the selected object was a comparison of the actual consumption of fuel in the vehicle with the ignition spark. Analysis was performed and found differences in three cycles: urban, extra-urban and combined.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 439-444
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Draft calculation of fuel consumption and emission of CO, HC and NOX by a engine car in operational conditions
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242139.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
combustion engines
fuel consumption
exhausts
Opis:
The study presents a draft calculation of fuel consumption and emission of CO2, CO, HC and NOx by a engine car used in real traffic conditions. In this project, the author was inspired by the results of his own studies and those of selected domestic and foreign research centres. The (static) engine performance maps including Brake Specific Fuel Consumption maps, ge (CO2), and maps of speciftc emission of CO, HC and NOX,, serve as the basis for this study. Underlying such an approach are the disparate courses offuel consumption and emission levels in the driving and non-driving modes of the engine. For the study purposes, an adeąuate testing programme should be implemented, using a variable driving cycle [1]. A departure from the homologation cycles applied to this end allows covering, on an engine performance map, the area of engine operation being of interest to us with measuring points. For calculations in operational conditions, the maps of changes of Delta ge, Delta CO2, Delta CO, Delta HC and Delta NOX for nonstationary operating conditions of the engine will be a complement to static engine performance maps. The author has already developed partial maps for the first two parameters. The development of the others requires the implementation of a costly research scheme in cooperation with a leading domestic research centre.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 464-472
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optymalizacja zużycia paliwa w samochodzie osobowym z silnikiem ZI na obszarze zabudowanym
Optimization of fuel consumption in a car with SI engine
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328288.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
samochód osobowy
silnik ZI
zużycie paliwa
charakterystyka uniwersalna
car
SI engine
fuel consumption
fuel consumption map
Opis:
W niniejszej pracy autor na podstawie badań własnych przedstawia praktyczne metody optymalizacji zużycia paliwa w samochodzie osobowym z silnikiem ZI w pojedynczej fazie zmiennego cyklu jezdnego i w całym cyklu jezdnym w ruchu na obszarze zabudowanym. W opracowaniu we właściwy sposób uwzględniono wpływ na optymalizację pochylenia jezdni "p" oraz spadek sprawności efektywnej silnika w dynamicznych warunkach pracy. Do rozważań włączono nie zalecaną technikę jazdy z rozłączonym napędem.
Some practical methods of optimization of fuel consumption in a car with SI engine at a single phase of variable driving cycle as well as a complete driving cycle in city traffic have been presented in the paper. The described methods are have been based on the writer's research work. The impact of "p" road grade and the decrease of engine efficiency in dynamic operating conditions upon the optimization of fuel consumption has been taken into consideration in the course of the carried out tests - the idle running was included in the tests as well.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2008, 1(45); 65-68
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of high-speed traction gearbox ratio on vehicle fuel consumption
Wplyw przelozenia szybkobieznosci na zuzycie paliwa pojazdu
Autorzy:
Golebiewski, W.
Stoeck, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792794.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
high-speed traction
gearbox
fuel consumption
mileage fuel consumption
energy consumption
vehicle
engine torque
ecology
economy
linear velocity
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2012, 12, 1
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of eco-driving possibilities in passenger car used in urban traffic
Autorzy:
Caban, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
ecology
style
fuel consumption
on-road testing
Opis:
During the operation of motor vehicles, their operational parameters change. This is related to the influence of operating and external factors on the combustion engine while driving. For many years, there has been a discussion on the improvement of the ecological properties of vehicles related to technical and legal issues as well as the technique of vehicle operation and use. The main aim of the article is to present the possibilities of using eco-driving in city traffic and its effects in comparison with the normal driving style. The article presents selected results of road tests of the passenger car. The results of studies of the influence of selected parameters, such as average speed, driving time, mileage, road type, number of stops, number of brakes, are presented. The object of the research was a passenger car powered by a spark-ignition engine, running in the so-called routine route, in a selected area of the city of Lublin in south-eastern Poland. The analysis shows that the use of eco-driving techniques has some benefits in urban traffic
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2021, 91, 1; 37-48
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An analysis of the use of cruise control in a passenger car
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, Maciej
Merkisz, Jerzy
Nowak, Mateusz
Ziółkowski, Andrzej
Daszkiewicz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
fuel consumption
cruise control
speed driving strategy
Opis:
Most vehicles are powered by internal combustion engines. Due to the nature of their operation they emit, among others, carbon dioxide which contributes to the greenhouse effect. CO2 production is strictly correlated with fuel consumption. The article presents the results of road tests of a passenger car with a spark-ignition engine meeting the Euro 6 emission norm. The test vehicle was equipped with a classic exhaust gas aftertreatment system – a three-way catalytic converter. The aim of the study was to verify the impact of the cruise control use on the vehicle fuel consumption. The measurements were based on Portable Emission Measurement System type mobile equipment for exhaust emission tests. The tests were carried out in real driving conditions travelling on an express way. Test drives took place on a route with variable topographic profile. Three test drives with different speeds were carried out, but the aim was to obtain an average speed of 130 km/h.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2020, 89, 3; 37-49
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Applications of NRTC Cycle to Determine a Different Fuel Consumption and Harmful Emissions Caused by Changes of Engines Technical Conditions
Autorzy:
Hromádko, J.
Hönig, V.
Miler, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
internal combustion engine
fuel consumption
harmful emissions
Opis:
The main topic of the paper is to determine different fuel consumption and harmful emissions caused by engine's changes of technical conditions. The change of technical condition of combustion engine at any working point of engine proves different change of fuel consumption and production of harmful emissions. Therefore it is necessary to compare two technical conditions to determine the same engine load. For this purpose the special simulation programme of engine load in Non-Road Transient Cycle (NRTC) was created.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2008, 4; 63-65
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zużycie paliwa europejskich samochodów osobowych
Autorzy:
Mysłowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
samochód osobowy
zużycie paliwa
car
fuel consumption
Opis:
W artykule opisano problematykę fałszowania przez producentów wartości zużycia paliwa przez silniki samochodów osobowych. Na podstawie badań symulacyjnych charakterystyk uniwersalnych silników samochodów osobowych wykazano na ile podawane dane odnośnie do zużycia paliwa są niezgodne z podawanymi przez producenta.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2014, 15, 6; 195-198
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibility of reducing CO2 emissions for example electric vehicles
Autorzy:
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Daszkiewicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950152.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
electric vehicles
emission
fuel consumption
energy
Opis:
Development of road transport is now subjected to numerous constraints related to reachability exhaustive sources of liquid fuels and the associated increase in their prices. In addition, restrictions on emissions tend for quickly change the drives with an internal combustion powered petroleum products for electric cars in the near future. Compared to the conventional internal combustion engine, full electric cars driven on European roads appear as environmental winners for the next decades in terms of environmental protection.The article draws attention to the growing increase in CO2 emissions over the years until 2050.Forecasts by 2050, it is estimated that environmentally friendly vehicles will probably reduce the CO2 emissions into the atmosphere comes from cars.The article shows that the speaking of electric vehicles in terms of ecology should take into account the emissivity of the vehicle together to produce a current, and not only the emission of the vehicle from tan to wheel. In the article dealt with directions of development electric sector model in the context of the year 2050. It presents three scenarios that involve the reduction of CO2 emissions, which directly translates into lower fuel consumption.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 211-217
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cost optimization of marine fuels consumption as important factor of control ship’s sulfur and nitrogen oxides emissions
Autorzy:
Kowalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
cost optimization
fuel costs
fuel consumption
data collection
determination
Opis:
This paper proposes an efficient, objective method of optimizing fuel costs during the sea passage. The presented method based on data collection and calculations can be used in daily practice for masters of vessels and by ship’s management divisions. The paper presents not only the use of the method for newly constructed but also for ships already in service. The biggest advantage of this method is that it does not need extra expenses to determine the fuel effectiveness in a changeable marine fuel market.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 36 (108) z. 1; 94-99
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prediction of the mileage fuel consumption of passenger car in the urban driving cycle
Prognozowanie przebiegowego zużycia paliwa samochodu osobowego w cyklu miejskim
Autorzy:
Golebiewski, W.
Stoeck, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792391.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
mileage fuel consumption
fuel consumption
passenger car
driving cycle
driving condition
operational parameter
linear velocity
rotational speed
engine
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2014, 14, 3
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sprawność efektywna silnika ZI samochodu osobowego w dynamicznych warunkach pracy
The actual car engine efficiency at dynamic operating conditions
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
samochód osobowy
silnik ZI
jednostkowe zużycie paliwa
charakterystyka uniwersalna
car
SI engine
specific fuel consumption
fuel consumption map
Opis:
Problem wyznaczenia sprawności efektywnej silnika samochodowego w dynamicznych warunkach pracy jest kluczowym w obliczaniu całkowitej energochłonności ruchu pojazdu i optymalizacji zużycia paliwa. Dlatego wśród niewielu metod praktycznego rozwiązania tego zagadnienia najbardziej atrakcyjną wydaje się jej odniesienie do znanej sprawności efektywnej silnika dla statycznych warunków pracy z charakterystyki uniwersalnej. Autor w obliczeniach tego problemu wykorzystał metodę bilansu energochłonności ruchu w zmiennym pod względem dynamiki przyspieszania cyklu jezdnym i porównania wyników obliczeń z rzeczywistym zużyciem paliwa. Założono w obliczeniach prostoliniowy wpływ dynamiki przyspieszania prędkości obrotowej silnika na spadek sprawności efektywnej wyznaczonej dla statycznych warunków pracy.
The problem of determining the car engine efficiency in dynamic operating conditions is of great importance while calculating the total consumption of energy when the car is driven. It also enables to define the optimum energy consumption. Up till now only few methods have been used but the one which seems to be quite effective is based on the actual engine efficiency at static operating conditions from universal characteristics. The method of energy consumption balance in a variable driving cycle (the dynamics of acceleration was changeable) was applied and the calculation results were compared to the actual fuel consumption. It has been assumed that there was rectilinear influence of acceleration dynamics of the engine upon the decrease of actual efficiency determined for the static operating conditions.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2008, 1(45); 69-73
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wtrysk wody do kolektora dolotowego a zużycie paliwa i zadymienie spalin silnika ZS
Water injection to the diesel engine manifold and their smoke level and fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Bieniek, A.
Graba, M.
Prażnowski, K.
Strunk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/250617.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
zużycie paliwa
zadymienie
spaliny
fuel consumption
smokiness
exhaust
Opis:
Publikacja zawiera analizę wpływu wody dostarczonej do cylindra podczas procesu spalania paliwa na wybrane wskaźniki pracy silnika o ZS. W opracowaniu przedstawiono badania przeprowadzone na stanowisku badawczym przy wtrysku wody do kolektora dolotowego wolnossącego silnika wysokoprężnego. Przedstawiono wyniki badań wstępnych dla 5% udziału objętościowego wody w stosunku do wtryskiwanego paliwa obejmujące zadymienie spalin oraz jednostkowe zużycie paliwa. Analizując uzyskane wyniki stwierdzono możliwości równoczesnego obniżenia zarówno emisji cząstek stałych (redukcja zadymienia spalin) jak i zużycia paliwa.
Publication include influence analysis of water fur-nished to cylinder during combustion process to chosen operating indexes of diesel engine. In this study test bench results of water injection to the naturally aspi-rated engine manifold are presented. There are initial investigation results for 5% volumetric injected water in relation to the injected fuel presented. This results contain smoke level and specific fuel consumption The analysis of test results shows that simultaneously reduc-tion of smoke level and fuel consumption are possible.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2015, 12; 151-156, CD
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projections of the fuel consumption by the road transport in Poland
Autorzy:
Chłopek, Z
Waśkiewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
motor transport
vehicle
annual mileage
fuel consumption
Opis:
The article presents expert estimates for 2010 and a forecast up to year 2030 regarding the number of passenger cars as well as trucks and special vehicles and buses according to the maximum weight group. In case of trucks and special vehicles, included were vehicles with maximum weight of less than 3.5 Mg and maximum weight of more than 3.5 Mg. As regards buses – the condition and forecast number of buses with maximum weight of less than 5.0 Mg and more than 5.0 Mg was presented. The forecast concerning passenger cars and other types of vehicles with maximum weight of less than 3.5 Mg (5.0 Mg in case of buses) focused on the number of vehicles by type of energy. The following types of energy were included: petrol, diesel oil, LPG, NG and electrical energy in case of passenger cars and light duty trucks. Estimates also included the average annual statistical mileage of a vehicle registered in Poland according to the specified category and type of energy. Based on the assumed assumptions in the 2030 perspective – the average fuel consumption was determined per 100 km of statistical mileage in every specified category. The predicted consumption of respective types of energy by the overall Polish car fleet was calculated and according to the specified category in years 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 33-39
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examinations of effective efficiency of a car engine in non-stationary work conditions from torque load
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
engine performance maps
specific fuel consumption
effective efficiency
Opis:
Measuring method and calculations of the impact of non-stationary work conditions of car engine torque load upon its effective efficiency have been presented in the paper. The obtained results have been compared to the already achieved results. The applied method of calculation balance and the consumed fuel enabled the writer of the paper to calculate the value of the change of unitary fuel consumption at a work point on engine performance map. The carried out examinations focus on measurements at one measuring length and so the rate of torque load at each of the four gear box ratio (2-5) can be controlled by constant final velocity of driving or by shifting or extending the measuring length against the lowest point ( the measuring length is 'U'-shaped). Finding the right solution to this problem will allow elaborating the calculation algorithm of engine effective efficiency for the examined range of engine performance maps for changeable, non-stationary work conditions. The results make it ąuite explicit that non-stationary work conditions from the engine speed and the engine load impair the effective efficiency of the engine at work in particular gears. Non-stationary mode of engine operation is essential for the higher values of gear box ratio whereas for lower values the engine load really matters.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 463-468
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projektowy wskaźnik efektywności energetycznej EEDI jako narzędzie do oceny efektywności na przykładzie statku do przewozu kontenerów
The energy efficiency design index as a tool to assess efficiency – analysis based on container ships
Autorzy:
Szczepanek, M.
Żmudzki, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
CO2 emission
EDDI
fuel consumption
container ship
Opis:
The International Maritime Organisation (IMO), in particular, dedicated to the prevention to marine pollution by ships, adopted in 2007 the provisions implementing the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI). The EEDI was implemented as an amendment to the MARPOL Annex VI. The index specifies the technical standards and norms imposed on shipyards, which shall be intended to improve the energy efficiency of certain categories of new ships and vessels, consequently leading to the reduction of CO2 emission by around 25-35 percent till 2030. The paper presents the operational factors affecting fuel consumption and energy efficiency indexes of a ship, the algorithm of verification and certification of the EDDI along with exemplary calculations for a container ship.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2016, 4; 96-103
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mathematical description of the external characteristics of compression-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Stoeck, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245845.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
polynomial interpolation
specific fuel consumption
exhausts gas smokiness
Opis:
In this paper is presented a calculation procedure based on Lagrange's interpolation formuła which has been used for describing the external characteristics of compression-ignition engine of the 359 type. The characteristic curves of specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas smokiness were chosen as an example, which had been obtained during examinations on engine test bed for a drive unitfuelled with four types of fuel. Measurements were carried out on a standard engine test bed which is part of laboratory facilities of the Department of Automotive Vehicles Operation, Western Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. The study object was an unsupercharged four-stroke engine of domestic production of the 359 type. It is a six-cylinder compression-ignition drive unit with direct fuel injection system. Interpolating polynomials determined analytically for respective characteristics have been presented in the graphical form, while experimental examination results necessary for obtaining them have been additionally tabulated. The presented methodology allows simplification of particular experiment stages by giving possibility to estimate analytically the missing data and with preservation of a minimum number of measuring points. With small corrections, it may be used in similar examinations on other engine test beds. Its application should support the planning of particular experiment stages but does not, in any case, replace it since determination of engine characteristic curves is possible through research only.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 445-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuel consumption and tillage efficiency during cultivation of fields of different areas
Zużycie paliwa i wydajność orki przy uprawie pól o różnej powierzchni
Autorzy:
Koniuszy, A.
Kostencki, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337039.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
tillage
fuel consumption
efficiency
orka
zużycie paliwa
wydajność
Opis:
Fuel consumption and hourly tillage efficiency have been compared using a 7-furrow reversible plow coupled with a John Deere 8330 tractor during cultivation of fields of different areas (26.00, 12.74 and 3.22 ha). A reduction of efficiency has been observed as the area of the field decreased by - 2.35, 2.23 and 1.64 ha•h-1 along with an increase in the fuel consumption - 14.7, 15.0 and 18.0 dm3•ha-1. The proportions of the fuel consumption have also been changed when cultivating smaller fields - the share of fuel consumption during accompanying activities in the total fuel consumption grew by - 1.9, 2.4 and 6.5 dm3•ha-1.
Porównano zużycie paliwa i godzinowa wydajność orki wykonywanej obracalnym, siedmioskibowym pługiem sprzężonym z ciągnikiem John Deere 8330, przy uprawie pól o różnej powierzchni (26,00, 12,74 i 3,22 ha). Stwierdzono obniżanie się wydajności wraz z uprawą mniejszych pól - 2,35, 2,23 i 1,64 ha•h-1 oraz wzrost zużycia paliwa - 14,7, 15,0 i 18,0 dm3•ha-1. Zmianie ulegały też proporcje w zużyciu paliwa - przy uprawie mniejszych pól, w całkowitym zużyciu paliwa wzrastał udział paliwa zużytego na czynności towarzyszące orce - 1,9, 2,4 i 6,5 dm3•ha-1.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2015, 60, 1; 29-33
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problems of fuel consumption measurements in research of liquid phase LPG injection engine
Autorzy:
Jaworski, A.
Lejda, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242079.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
LPG engine
liquid LPG fuelling
LPG fuel consumption
Opis:
In research of LPG fuelling engine, often used method of fuel consumption measurement is weighing of fuel tank. This method is not proper for fuelling system with fuel pump located in the tank. When LPG pump is working are generated vibration that introduce significant disturbance of fuel tank mass measurement. For test bed research of liquid LPG fuelling engine with sequential injection system (system of V generation), measurement of fuel consumption is very difficult because there are fuel vaporization problems in the fuel pipes, too. This paper presents LPG measurement system, with two of mass flow meters in differential configuration, proposed by authors. This system allow for accurate measurement of LPG fuel consumption. The described system was used for MD-111E engine in test bench research. This engine was fuelling with liquid phase sequential injection system into the suction manifold. Significant problem in the liquid phase injection system is the measuring of fuel consumption. This required of LPG pump installed of the proper rate of delivery to reduce vaporization of fuel. Average relative difference of measured fuel consumption per hour SGt,, for location of flowmeter sensors in the injectors circuit did not exceeded 2%.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 149-156
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Water - fuel microemulsions influence on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions
Autorzy:
Cienciała, M.
Haller, P.
Jankowski, A.
Kardasz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244361.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
diesel engine
microemulsion
fuel consumption
emissions
Opis:
Combustion in a diesel engine is a complex physicochemical process, changing the time at which the events take place simultaneously heat and mass transfer and chemical reactions. The development of internal combustion engines goes towards meeting the increasingly stringent requirements for toxic exhaust emissions, reducing fuel consumption and therefore reduce carbon emissions and protect the Earth's natural resources. The problem to solve in modern combustion engines is the emission of NOx. One way to reduce the emission of toxic NOx combustion engine power is water-hydrocarbon emulsions [1]. Research combustion engines water-hydrocarbon emulsions has been its tradition. So far, attempts were carried out using an emulsion obtained by a chemical. Emulsions of oil and water can be obtained by adding various detergents to prevent delamination of the oil and water. In this article, we consider the possibility of applying a mixture of water and oil as an alternative fuel used to power internal combustion engines used in heavy road transport. This work is preliminary work, also having to check whether this is the future direction of the work. The measurements of emissions of exhaust gases and fuel consumption. After analysing the test results confirmed that the improvement of the economic and environmental performance of modern diesel engines, it can be achieved by supplying synthetic diesel or gas oil water emulsions. It was found that the use of emulsion leads to a reduction of fuel consumption and NOx emissions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 111-116
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of the use of comfort devices on the exhaust emission from a hybrid vehicle
Autorzy:
Siedlecki, Maciej
Merkisz, Jerzy
Kubiak, Kamil
Rymaniak, Łukasz
Dobrzyński, Michał
Gallas, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
emission
hybrid
fuel consumption
emisja
hybryda
zużycie paliwa
Opis:
Vehicles are equipped with more and more devices to improve the comfort of traveling. They are usually powered by electricity generated by the engine, which translates into an increase in its loads and, as a consequence, fuel consumption and emission. However, there is no information about the possible increase in the amount of other harmful components contained in the exhaust gases. Often this result is inadequate to that obtained during the operation of the vehicle, where the obtained fuel consumption is higher. As part of this article, tests were carried out in real hybrid vehicle traffic conditions on the same test route using an analyzer from the PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) ¬ SEMTECH DS Sensors Inc. The analysis of gaseous components of exhaust gases together with the exhaust mass flow probe and the GPS system made it possible to calculate the pollutant emission. On this basis, the actual mileage fuel consumption of the tested vehicle was calculated using the road emission of carbon-containing compounds (carbon balance method).
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 280-285
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem dokładności obliczeń zużycia paliwa przez samochód na podstawie map emisji CO2
The problem of calculation accuracy of fuel consumption taking into account CO2 emission map
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
zużycie paliwa
paliwo
samochód osobowy
fuel
fuel consumption
passenger car
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń przebiegowego zużycia paliwa metodą energochłonności ruchu i bilansu węgla na podstawie dynamicznych map emisji CO2. Zestawienią wyników obliczeń dla miejskiego i drogowego cyklu jezdnego potwierdziło słuszność przyjętej przez autora metody wyznaczania mapy wzrostu jednostkowego zużycia paliwa w niestacjonarnych warunkach pracy i zainspirowały do korekty metody bilansu węgla.
Calculation results of mileage fuel consumption applying the method of energy consumption of driving as well as coal balance which takes into consideration CO2 emission dynamic maps have been presented in the paper. The comparison of calculation results of driving in the city and those of long distance driving confirmed that the methods of assigning the maps of the increase of unitary fuel consumptuon in non-stationary work conditions chosen by the writer of this paper seemed to be most appropriate. It encouraged to make the necessary corrections of the coal balance method.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2009, 65; 95-102
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przyczyny wzrostu przebiegowego zużycia paliwa w samochodzie w ruchu rzeczywistym
The causes of the increase of mileage fuel, consumption of a car in real driving conditions
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
zużycie paliwa
paliwo
samochód osobowy
fuel
fuel consumption
passenger car
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono przyczyny ewentualnych rozbieżności pomiędzy rzeczywistym a homologacyjnym przebiegowym zużyciem paliwa w samochodach osobowych. Zaprezentowane analizy oparto na najnowszych wynikach badań, uzyskanych w ostatnich latach przez autora i w ośrodkach zagranicznych.
The causes of probable divergences between the real and the oficially certified mileage fuel consumption in cars have been presented in the paper. The discussed analysis has beeb based on the latest examination results obtained by the writer of this paper and by the foregin research centers.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2009, 65; 103-112
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of energy efficiency and dynamics during car acceleration
Autorzy:
Graba, Mariusz
Bieniek, Andrzej
Prażnowski, Krzysztof
Hennek, Krystian
Mamala, Jarosław
Burdzik, Rafał
Śmieja, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
acceleration
fuel consumption
energy consumption
vehicle dynamics
acceleration dynamic index
Opis:
In this work, the authors focused on analyzing the energy efficiency and dynamics during car acceleration, featuring investigation of acceleration dynamics under various acceleration intensities. The tests were performed in the speed range between 45 km/h and 120 km/h, at a constant gear ratio. This enabled obtaining variable dynamic parameters of the acceleration process, ranging from about 0.1 to 1.4 m/s2, and recording variation in fuel consumption from 6.28 to 27.03 dm3/100km. The study focused on determining the relation between fuel consumption, energy efficiency and vehicle acceleration depending on the available drivetrain power. The relation between fuel consumption and vehicle acceleration was described by using the dynamic index. The proposed dynamic index takes into account the energy (from burned fuel) and vehicle acceleration intensity to obtain an objective metric for characterizing the acceleration process. The aforementioned index takes the form of the passenger car movement energy quality index and can be related to widely known physical properties, thus ensuring its universality. The index expresses the energy expenditure within the time needed to accelerate a vehicle weighing 1kg by a 1m distance. As opposed to other criteria that are applied to the assessment of passenger cars dynamics, the index shows a high determination coefficient R2 in excess of 0.99, and can be used as a universal metric to test other vehicle types.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2023, 25, 1; art. no. 17
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emission and energy consumption characteristics of interrupted over-saturated flow for urban roads with heterogeneous traffic
Charakterystyka emisji oraz zużycia energii dla przerywanego przesyconego przepływu ruchu na drogach miejskich z ruchem zróżnicowanym
Autorzy:
Sharma, H.
Swami, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375067.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
zatłoczenia
zużycie paliwa
zużycie energii
traffic congestion
fuel consumption
energy consumption
Opis:
Road transport is a major source of air pollution particularly in towns and cities. In urban areas road traffic accounts for more than half of the emissions of nitrogen oxides, carbon mono-oxide and volatile organic compounds. This paper presents emission and energy consumption characteristics of urban roads with interrupted oversaturated flow comprising of heterogeneous traffic. Model has been developed for heterogeneous traffic under constraints of roadway geometry, vehicle characteristics, driving behaviour and traffic controls and has been calibrated and validated for interrupted oversaturated traffic conditions. Interrupted oversaturated flow conditions prevail in urban areas of most of the developing countries. The model developed shall predict carbon mono- oxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOC), carbon dioxide (CO2) and fuel and energy consumption estimates for urban roads operating under oversaturated conditions of flow. Since model provides improved estimates of speed, delay and congestion it provides better estimates of emissions and energy consumption.
Transport drogowy to główne źródło zanieczyszczenia powietrza szczególnie w dużych i małych miastach. Na terenach miejskich ruch uliczny stanowi ponad połowę emisji tlenków azotu, tlenku węgla oraz lotnych związków organicznych. Niniejsza praca prezentuje charakterystykę emisji oraz zużycia energii na drogach miejskich z przerywanym przesyconym przepływu ruchu drogowego. Opracowano model zróżnicowanego ruchu ulicznego biorąc pod uwagę geometrię dróg, charakterystyki pojazdów, zachowanie kierowców oraz kontrole drogowe. Wszystkie te czynniki zostały skalibrowane oraz potwierdzone dla przerywanego przesyconego przepływu ruchu drogowego. Przerywany przesycony przepływ ruchu drogowego to warunki dominujące na terenach miejskich większości krajów rozwijających się. Opracowany model powinien pomóc przewidywać szacunkowe emisje tlenku węgla (CO), tlenków azotu (NOx), lotnych związków organicznych (VOC) dwutlenku węgla (CO2) oraz zużycie paliwa i energii dla dróg miejskich w warunkach przesyconego ruchu drogowego. Ponieważ model umożliwia ulepszone szacunkowe wyliczenia dla prędkości, opóźnień oraz zagęszczenia ruchu prezentuje on lepsze szacunkowe dane o emisji i zużyciu energii.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2012, 7, 3; 29-40
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental research on influence of the fuel nozzle geometry on the fuel consumption of the marine 4-stroke diesel engine
Autorzy:
Kowalski, J.
Nagórski, J.
Sikora, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245963.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
marine engine
fuel consumption
fuel injection
experimental measurements
compression ignition engine
Opis:
The article presents experimental research that has been carried out on a marine, 4-stroke, 3-cylinder, turbocharged engine. During testing, the engine operated at a constant rotational speed of 750 rpm and a load from 0 kW to 280 kW. The engine was fuelled by diesel oil of known specification and loaded by electric generator with water resistance. The fuel consumption was measured during the engine operation with fuel nozzles with different geometries. The measurement of the fuel consumption was carried out using a weighing system that was designed, constructed, and manufactured by the “KAIZEN” scientific research team at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Gdynia Maritime University. The results of measurements show changes in the fuel consumption by the engine with the geometry of the injected fuel spray. The research facility is Sulzer’s 3- cylinder, 4-stroke, turbocharged AL25/30 piston engine. The fuel system consists of Bosch injection pumps controlled by a rotation speed regulator. Fuel injectors are centrally located in the cylinder heads of the engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 185-190
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis concerning possibilities of reduction of toxic substances and co2 emission by use of dual fuel diesel engines for seagoing ships main propulsion
Autorzy:
Giernalczyk, M.
Górski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
toxic substances
carbon dioxide
fuel consumption
dual fuel engines
natural gas
Opis:
The goal of the paper is to focus the problem of emission of toxic compounds e.g. NOx, SOx and CO2 from seagoing ships to environment. The VI Amendment to Marpol Convention concerning prevention against air pollution by seagoing ships brought into practice in May 19th 2005 forced ship owners to use means for reduction of environment harmful substances emission to atmosphere. Considerable reduction of these harmful substances can be use dual fuel diesel engines for ship propulsion. Dual fuel engines are fuelled by natural gas having methane as main component. Leading producers of marine diesel engines introduced into production diesel engines DF (Dual Fuel) type. These engines can be fuelled alternatively with natural gas or with heavy fuel oil and marine diesel oil. Today the propulsion by diesel engines fuelled with natural gas is the most popular on ships carrying natural gas cargo i.e. LNG carriers (Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers). Natural gas is freight in liquid form under atmospheric pressure in temperature -163 °C. Due to heat penetration into cargo tanks, the liquefied gas evaporates. Evaporated cargo BOF (Boil Off Gas) is used as a fuel in ship diesel engines. However, dual fuel engines are used on other types of ships not only on LNG carriers. A number of seagoing ships fuelled with natural gas are now under construction. For example container ship 9,000 TEU in Japan shipyard Kawasaki Heavy Industries or container ship 14,000 TEU in Korean shipyard Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering for company CMA-CGM. Ships fuelled with natural gas e.g. modern ferries are also built by Stocznia Remontowa Shipbuilding in Poland for Norwegian owner. Adaptation of presently operated ships for fuelling with natural gas is also considered.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 77-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kontrola zużycia paliwa - system rejestrujący CL 400
Control of fuel consumption - system CL 400
Autorzy:
Czerwiński, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/250225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
kontola zuzycia paliwa
paliwo
transport szynowy
fuel
fuel consumption
rail transport
Opis:
Wysoka i ciagle rosnąca cena oleju napędowego i związane z tym zwiększenie kosztów eksploatacji pojazdów prakcyjnych powoduja poszukiwanie rozwiązań umożliwijących jego efektywniejsze wykorzystanie.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2008, 4; 22-25
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Solution for Traffic Jam in Istanbul on East/West Direction
Autorzy:
Turan, K. Ö.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409451.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
Istanbul
Transit Transportation
Fuel Consumption
CO2 emission
RoRo
Opis:
İstanbul is a big city, located on east-west direction and enlarging every day on both direction with full of people living and working on both sides of city and utilizing two bridges both by private cars and by urban transport vehicles. At the same time, İstanbul is a city connecting east-west road freight transit transportation, but unfortunately having only one bridge to be used by transit vehicles. Based on year 2013 figures, daily 173.579 private cars and small vehicles and 1.700 buses passed over Bosphorus Bridge while there are daily 180.318 private cars and small vehicles and 10.200 trucks and trailers and heavy vehicles for Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge. The purpose of this study is to determine the benefits of new RoRo lines between Tuzla – Ambarlı on bases of minimizing CO2 emission, number of trucks and trailers diverted from bridges to sea, saving on fuel consumption and time on route gained by diverting these vehicles to new Roro lines.
Źródło:
Research in Logistics & Production; 2015, 5, 3; 311-322
2083-4942
2083-4950
Pojawia się w:
Research in Logistics & Production
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identyfikacja rzeczywistych warunków eksploatacji samochodu z użyciem energochłonności jednostkowej
Identification of real vehicle operating conditions with the use of specific energy consumption
Autorzy:
Kropiwnicki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263419.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
eksploatacja
energochłonność jednostkowa
zużycie paliwa
exploitation
fuel consumption
specific energy consumption
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono autorska metodę określania warunków pracy pojazdu za pomocą parametru zwanego energochłonnością jednostkową (dla fazy napędowej), który uwzględnia ilość energii wydatkowanej do napędu pojazdu, jego masę oraz przejechany dystans w fazie napędowe. Przyjęto, ze energia wydatkowana na napęd pojazdu wynika zarówno z warunków drogowych, jak również temperamentu kierowcy i czynniki te są tratowane jako równoważne. Miejsce eksploatacji (intensywność ruchu) oraz sposób prowadzenia pojazdu mogą być w zaproponowanej metodzie jednoznacznie opisane za pomocą funkcji gęstości rozkładu energochłonności jednostkowej. W pracy przedstawiono analizę wpływu masy pojazdu na wartość średnią energochłonności jednostkowych w fazie napędowej dla wybranych syntetycznych testów jezdnych, a także profili prędkości oraz zmian wysokości zarejestrowanych w warunkach rzeczywistego ruchu na terenie miasta Gdańska, W pracy przedstawiono także przykłady identyfikacji warunków eksploatacji pojazdu w wybranych warunkach oraz wpływ średniej energochłonności jednostkowej na przebiegowe zużycie paliwa w fazie napędowej.
Car operating conditions are identified in this work by the energy consumed per distance covered and the vehicle mass (specific energy consumption), which contains impact of the traffic conditions as well as the style of driving. The factors mentioned above have influence on the amount of mechanical energy transferred to the driving wheels. The traffic and the style of driving can finally be described with a probability density function of the parameter: specific energy consumption. An influence of the vehicle mass on the specific energy consumption for selected synthetic tests as well as registered drives in the conditions of real traffic in the city of Gdansk have been presented. Examples of vehicle operating conditions identification as well as an influence of the average specific energy consumption on the operating fuel consumption in the propulsion phase have been presented.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2010, 3; 153-166
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving efficiency of train traction operational standards: an approach with usage of simulation
Optimizacija ehkspluatacionnykh pokazatelejj tjagi poezdov: podkhod s ispolzovaniem modelirovanija
Autorzy:
Krasheninin, A.
Osenin, J.
Matvienko, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791922.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
train traction
efficiency
improvement
energy consumption
fuel consumption
cargo transportation
passenger
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2013, 13, 3
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Conditions for optimizing powertrain performance in a vehicle with an internal combustion engine
Autorzy:
Janulin, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
optimization
powertrain
gear ratio
vehicle energy efficiency
fuel consumption
Opis:
The paper presents optimization of the drive system in terms of adapting it to the characteristics of another engine. Powertrain parameters in a vehicle with an internal combustion engine were selected based on the following criteria: fuel consumption, engine dynamics, and emission standards for harmful substances. A light-duty passenger vehicle with gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 3.5 tons was modified by replacing a spark-ignition engine with a diesel engine. The gear ratio in the powertrain had to be modified accordingly to optimize the engine’s performance, enhance engine dynamics, minimize fuel consumption and toxic emissions. The optimization of selected parameters of the vehicle driveline was performed based on the requirements of the standard NEDC and WLTC cycles.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2020, nr 23(4); 291-307
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of outer diameter and energy efficiency class of tyre on fuel consumption of a passenger car at constant velocity
Autorzy:
Gołębiewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
wheel outer diameter
tyre energy efficiency class
fuel consumption
Opis:
This paper presents the simulation analysis determining the effect of wheel outer diameter and energy efficiency class of tire on fuel consumption of a passenger car. Calculations were made assuming the wheel movement on a dry, smooth road surface under set driving conditions. Tests objects were three tyre types of the following sizes: 155/80R13, 165/65R14 and 185/55R14 (provided by the manufacturer of a FIAT Panda vehicle). For testing, a simulation model was used allowing for tyre construction parameters (outer diameter and energy efficiency class). Different values of rolling resistance coefficient were adopted (in accordance with energy efficiency classes) and the values of basic resistance to motion (therefore the sums of rolling resistance and air resistance) were determined for vehicle speeds equal to 15 km/h, 32 km/h, 35 km/h and 50 km/h (being the components of UDC speed profile) and for 70 km/h, 100 km/h and 120 km/h (being the components of EUDC speed profile). Based on the parameters describing a vehicle, motion conditions and tyre sizes, the values of engine rotational speed and load torque were determined. For these parameters, the values of mileage fuel consumption were read. Based on the conducted analysis, it was concluded that fuel consumption for a set vehicle speed was little affected by wheel outer diameter but significantly affected by tyre energy efficiency class. The increase of wheel outer diameter (in accordance with manufacturer’s information) induced a small decrease in fuel consumption. The use of high-energy efficiency class (A), in relation to lowest efficiency class (G), allowed the fuel economy even to a dozen or so percent.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 71-78
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methods of reduction of fuel consumption as means for CO2 emitted by seagoing ships minimising
Autorzy:
Giernalczyk, M.
Górski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242362.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
greenhouse gas
carbon dioxide
fuel consumption
waste head utilisation
Opis:
The subject of paper is to focus the problem of carbon dioxide emission from seagoing ships. The paper presents analysis of possibilities of fuel consumption minimizing and this way reduction of carbon dioxide emission from seagoing ships. However, The VI Amendment to MARPOL Convention concerning prevention against air pollution by seagoing ships did not take into consideration carbon dioxide emission, the importance of this problem was perceived by international organizations among others by IMO. As a result corrections in VI Amendment to MARPOL Convention were introduced thus forcing reduction of CO2 emission by seagoing ships. Among means reducing emission of carbon dioxide into atmosphere the following are mentioned: construction modifications of new built ships i.e. reduction of ship speed, optimization of main engine and propeller selection, optimization of ship hull shape, application of resistance reducing hull coatings, use of alternative (ecological) fuels and utilization of propulsion plant waste heat. In turn, for ships already in operation methods for fuel consumption and carbon dioxide reduction can be individual for each ship full monitoring of main engine operational parameters and measurement of waste heat utilization rate. According to opinion of paper authors, the minimizing of carbon dioxide reduction can be mainly achieved by utilisation of exhaust gases heat for electric power production in steam turbo alternators running in one- or two stage steam pressure systems. The analysis executed in the paper of one- and two stage steam system advantages shows that one stage steam system is more economically profitable in practice application.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 85-91
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
IMOR survey vessel diesel-electric system advantages
Autorzy:
Hac, B.
Ossowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244307.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
survey vessel
diesel-electric system
fuel consumption
operational flexibility
Opis:
(How diesel-electric system improves reliability, operational flexibility and economy of the survey vessel IMOR) IMOR was built for Maritime Institute of Gdansk as a multi -purpose shallow water survey and ROV support twin-hull vessel. It is configured and capable of performing a range of tasks, such as: hydrographic and geophysical operations, bottom and pipeline inspection, etc. Its small size, small draught, relatively high power and great flexibility of possible applications makes it ideal for work on shallow waters and offshore projects starting onshore. It is equipped with diesel-electric propulsion system that consists of: 3 generator sets, 2 dual azipod aft active rudders - propellers, 2 dual waterjet bow thrusters. These units are powered by electric motors controlled by helmsman stand and DP system. First year of service has proven the project success. In contrast to conventional construction, both fuel consumption and pollution discharges have been reduced substantially. Additionally, manoeuvring and maintenance of the vessel has been improved. A great advantage of such system is the use of sufficient number of auxiliary diesel engines; consequently operation of all engines at a time is avoided. During idle operation or reduced speed of the vessel, it is sufficient to connect only one or two auxiliary generators which, in return, will be operated at an optimum capacity and efficiency. On demand, high speed and operation of all vessel auxiliary generators can be achieved in a few seconds. This flexibility enables substantial energy-savings and exploitation cost advantages. Other benefits may be summarized as follows: high survivability, reduction of noise and vibration, improved operational flexibility and reliability, increased flexibility and adaptability for different kind of survey works, increased space available, reduced manning and logistics.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 113-118
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of the deviation of the on-board computer in the vehicle when determining the average fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Loman, Michal
Šarkan, Branislav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
fuel consumption
vehicle
onboard computer
service station
measurement uncertainty
Opis:
Fuel consumption measurement itself is a demanding process and it is difficult to determine the exact consumption of a vehicle. Fuel consumption can be determined in various ways. One way to determine consumption is through driving tests. We know several types of driving tests. Nowadays, most vehicles and all new vehicles can provide a wealth of data to the driver directly during vehicle operation. One of them is the data on the consumption of the vehicle also through the on-board computer located in the vehicle. The information provided to the driver may not reflect reality. In most cases, they are inaccurate and do not correspond to reality. Therefore, the subject of the research will be to verify the accuracy of the provided data on vehicle consumption by the on-board computer. The aim of the research will be to determine the extent to which consumption data are true. Vehicle consumption, as well as measurements are performed on one vehicle in every day traffic. This will ensure that it is possible to compare the measured data with each other.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2021, 91, 1; 25-35
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuel Weight Determination of Ultralight and Very Light Helicopters at the Preliminary Design Stage
Autorzy:
Dudnik, Vitaly
Karabut, Victor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36783094.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
ultralight helicopter
very light helicopter
fuel consumption
preliminary design
Opis:
In recent years, a large number of one- to two-seat-type helicopters have appeared, raising the possibility to determine the dependencies inherent in these classes. Such dependencies are extremely necessary at the preliminary design stage, in particular, for determining the fuel mass. The relative mass of fuel depends on the required range and flight time of the helicopter, as well as on the characteristics of the engine and the required power of the helicopter. Based on statistical data, the article presents an approximate relation of the hourly fuel consumption of engines that small helicopters are equipped with. The additional amount of fuel required to complete missions has also been determined. General dependency of the fuel weight that can be used at the preliminary design stage is presented according to the analysis results.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2022, 3 (268); 48-55
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Artificial Neural Networks for predicting ship fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Nguyen, Van Giao
Sakthivel, Rajamohan
Rudzik, Krzysztof
Kozak, Janusz
Sharma, Prabhakar
Pham, Nguyen Dang Khoa
Nguyen, Phuoc Quy Phong
Nguyen, Xuan Phuong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32918813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
artificial neural network
fuel management
marine engine
ship fuel consumption
energy efficiencys
Opis:
In marine vessel operations, fuel costs are major operating costs which affect the overall profitability of the maritime transport industry. The effective enhancement of using ship fuel will increase ship operation efficiency. Since ship fuel consumption depends on different factors, such as weather, cruising condition, cargo load, and engine condition, it is difficult to assess the fuel consumption pattern for various types of ships. Most traditional statistical methods do not consider these factors when predicting marine vessel fuel consumption. With technological development, different statistical models have been developed for estimating fuel consumption patterns based on ship data. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are some of the most effective artificial methods for modelling and validating marine vessel fuel consumption. The application of ANN in maritime transport improves the accuracy of the regression models developed for analysing interactive relationships between various factors. The present review sheds light on consolidating the works carried out in predicting ship fuel consumption using ANN, with an emphasis on topics such as ANN structure, application and prediction algorithms. Future research directions are also proposed and the present review can be a benchmark for mathematical modelling of ship fuel consumption using ANN.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 2; 39-60
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors affecting the energy efficiency of fishing vessels
Autorzy:
Szczepanek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135505.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
fishing cutters
energy efficiency management
energy losses
energy consumption
fuel consumption reduction
Opis:
The paper presents guidelines for the factors affecting the energy efficiency of fishing vessels. A main classification covers operational and structural factors. This classification is due to circumstances under which an opportunity to make decisions affecting the final energy consumption level arises. Under this approach one may distinguish operational and structural methods for energy efficiency management of fishing vessels.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2015, 42 (114); 38-42
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rzeczywiste zużycie paliwa w silnikach wysokoprężnych na przykładzie wybranych samochodów osobowych
Real fuel consumption in diesel engines based on selected passenger cars
Autorzy:
Kołdys, K.
Czech, P.
Gustof, P.
Kwiatkowski, D.
Turoń, K.
Urbańczyk, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
spalanie paliw
zużycie paliwa
samochód osobowy
combust fuel
fuel consumption
passenger car
Opis:
Dynamicznie rozwijające się społeczeństwo wykazuje coraz większą potrzebę przemieszczania i to zarówno osób, jak i ładunków. W konsekwencji prowadzi to do zwiększenia zapotrzebowania na środki transportu, które będą w stanie zaspokoić wszystkie potrzeby. Pośród podmiotów mających potrzeby transportowe są mieszkańcy miast. Na całym świecie można w tej grupie zaobserwować tendencję wzrostu zapotrzebowania na własny środek transportu. Jednym z kryteriów branych pod uwagę przy wyborze własnego środka transportu jest ekonomiczność. W przypadku samochodów wykorzystywanych na co dzień przez mieszkańców miast będzie to równoznaczne z ilością spalanego paliwa. W artykule przedstawiono rzeczywiste wartości spalonego paliwa wybranych samochodów. Dane te zostały porównane z deklarowanymi przez producentów samochodów.
Dynamically developing society shows a growing need for mobility, both people and cargo. Consequently, this leads to an increase in demand for means of transport, which will be able to satisfy all needs. Among the entities having transport needs are urban residents. All over the world can be observed in this group of the upward trend in demand for their own means of transport. One of the criteria taken into account when choosing their own means of transport is the economy. In the case of vehicles used every day by the inhabitants of the cities that would be equivalent to the amount of combusted fuel. The article presents the real value of combusted fuel of selected cars. These data were compared with the declared by the car manufacturers.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 296-307, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Verification of energy consumption modelling in a vehicle under operating conditions of a transport company
Weryfikacja modelowania energochlonnosci pojazdu w warunkach eksploatacyjnych przedsiebiorstwa transportowego
Autorzy:
Burski, Z.
Krasowska-Kolodziej, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/793134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
transport
logistics
communication
infrastructure
structural modelling
operational factor
fuel consumption
energy consumption
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2012, 12, 2
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of energy effectiveness of vehicle using cruise operating data
Ocena dobroci energetycznej pojazdu samochodowego na podstawie danych pochodzących z bieżącej eksploatacji
Autorzy:
Kropiwnicki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
eksploatacja pojazdów samochodowych
zużycie paliwa
operation of vehicles
fuel consumption
Opis:
New method of estimation of energy effectiveness of vehicle has been presented in this work. The opinion on the energy effectiveness of automobile vehicle has measurable meaning both for indyvidual users, and also for of transport firms and communication firms. The complex analysis of results can contribute to the lowering of the expenditure of the energy (fuel) and the emission of toxic complexes in engine exhaust. The opinion on the energy effectiveness of car vehicle enables: the delimitation of a optimum control of car powerplant system, the detection of defects in car powerplant system, the choice of the optimum road route, the choice ofproper exploitation materials, the choice of the best powerplant unit (of applied design solutions). Its results will be representative for whole range of propulsion system operation. The whole range of propulsion system operation will be included using long-time recording of the car's basic operating parameters. This method can also be used for comparison of energy effectiveness of different cars in the same operating conditions. For example: when somebody wants to buy a car, he can compare different vehicles with regard to the amount of fuel consumed in car operating conditions specific for him as a driver.
W pracy zaproponowana została nowa metoda oceny dobroci energetycznej pojazdu samochodowego, którego wyniki będą reprezentatywne dla pełnego zakresu warunków ruchu spotykanych przez użytkowników pojazdów. Ocena dobroci energetycznej pojazdu samochodowego ma wymierne znaczenie zarówno dla idnywidualnych użytkowników, jak również dla firm transportowych i komunikacyjnych. Kompleksowa analiza wyników może się przyczynić do obniżenia zużycia energii (paliwa) oraz emisji związków toksycznych w spalinach. Ocena dobroci energetycznej pojadów samochodowych umożliwia: wyznaczenie optymalnego sterowania układem napędowym, wykrycie usterek w układzie napędowym, wybór optymalnej drogi przejazdu, dobór właściwych materiałów eksploatacyjnych, wybór najlepszej jednostki napędowej (zastosowanych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych). Pełen zakres eksploatacji badanego pojazdu zostanie uwzględniony dzięki długoterminowej rejestracji parametrów pracy silnika i pojazdu w czasie jego codziennej eksploatacji. Metoda ta może również posłużyć do przeprowadzenia porównania efektywności energetycznej różnych pojazdów dla tych samych, szczególnych warunków eksploatacji. Przykładowo, ktoś decydując się na zakup samochodu może przeprowadzić porównanie różnych egzemplarzy ze względu na ilość zużywanego paliwa przy sposobie eksploatacji właściwym dla niego jako kierowcy.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 239-246
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekologiczne i ekonomiczne aspekty eksploatacji różnych konfiguracji napędów autobusów miejskich
Environmental and economic aspects of operation of various configurations of urban bus drive systems
Autorzy:
Fuć, P.
Lijewski, P.
Bajerlein, M.
Galant, M.
Siedlecki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
autobusy
zużycie paliwa
napęd alternatywny
buses
fuel consumption
alternative drivetrain
Opis:
Warunki pracy układów napędowych montowanych w autobusach miejskich powodują, że zespół napędowy pracuje w znacznym zakresie zmian mocy, prędkości obrotowej oraz sprawności napędu. Dodatkowo częste hamowania powodują nieodwracalną zamianę energii kinetycznej na ciepło, a także przyczyniają się do wzrostu ilości szkodliwych składników gazów wylotowych emitowanych przez pojazdy. Z uwagi na taką charakterystykę pracy producenci autobusów miejskich poszukują nowych konfiguracji napędów, pozwalających na ograniczenie negatywnego wpływu transportu miejskiego na środowisko naturalne. Poza emisją szkodliwych składników gazów wylotowych ważnym czynnikiem oceny napędów, w tym silników spalinowych, jest zużycie energii – paliwa. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera zestawienie ekologicznych i ekonomicznych aspektów eksploatacji pojazdów komunikacji zbiorowej w aglomeracjach miejskich. Analiza obejmuje napędy konwencjonalne, jednostki zasilane paliwami alternatywnymi oraz autobusy elektryczne.
The conditions of the drive systems installed in urban buses make the drive system operate in a substantially changing ranges of power, rotational speed and drive performance. In addition, frequent braking causes irreversible conversion of kinetic energy into heat, and also contributes to increasing the amount of harmful exhaust gases emitted by the vehicles. Due to this operating characteristic of urban busses manufacturers are looking for new drive system configurations, allowing for the reduction of the negative impact of urban transport on the environment. In addition to the emissions of harmful components of exhaust gases an important factor in the assessment of drive systems, including internal combustion engines is the energy consumption - or fuel consumption. This article provides an overview of environmental and economic aspects of the operation of public transport vehicles in urban areas. The analysis includes conventional drives, units powered by alternative fuels and electric buses.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 810-815
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Engine performance maps in nonstationary operating conditions of car engine
Autorzy:
Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
B.S.F.C. map
specific fuel consumption
effective efficiency
Opis:
A method is proposed in the paper to calculate effective efficiency of an engine in nonstationary operating conditions. A reference point for this method is the effective efficiency of the engine derived from its performance map. A research methodology has been developed to this end, the basis of which consists of measurements and calculations of the to tal energy efficiency of a car motion in a variable driving cycle. In order to determine the impact of the road grade, measurements were performed along a geodetically described roadsection in two traffic directions: "up " and "down ". The adopted research scheme allows covering the area of the engine performance map being of interest to us with measuring points. The mean value or rotational speed and its change in unit oftime were adopted as the leading parameters which have a dominating influence on, and result in a reduction of the effective efficiency of the engine. To improve the accuracy of calculations, the variable driving cycle consists of driving phases and idle running. The volume of fuel consumed, not accounted for in the driving phases, being the difference between the calculated and consumed fuel, is a measure of reduction of the effective efficiency of the engine, whilst the unit power of additional motion resistance of the vehicle (a*ni) is a leading parameter in the analyses of the calculation results.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 455-463
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza struktur wirowych za poruszającym się autobusem miejskim i ich wpływu na opór aerodynamiczny. Cz. 1, Wprowadzenie w tematykę zagadnienia
Analysis of influence of the vortexes on a moving city bus and their influence on a drag level. Part 1, An introduction to the issue
Autorzy:
Paszko, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
opór aerodynamiczny
zużycie paliwa
turbulencja
aerodynamic resistance
fuel consumption
turbulence
Opis:
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy zjawiska obniżenia ciśnienia w śladzie aerodynamicznym za poruszającym się pojazdem oraz wpływu tego ciśnienia na opór aerodynamiczny. Praca stanowi wprowadzenie do analizy numerycznej przepływu powietrza w otoczeniu pojazdu, mającej na celu wyznaczenie stosunku siły oporu wynikającej ze strefy obniżonego ciśnienie w strefie za autobusem miejskim i siły oporu wynikającego z ciśnienia na powierzchni czołowej pojazdu.
The paper presents the results of the analysis of the phenomenon of pressure decrease that takes place directly behind a moving vehicle and its impact on the aerodynamic drag. This work is an introduction to the numerical analysis aimed to determinate the ratio of drag force resulting from zone of low pressure in area directly behind the city bus and drag force resulting from pressure increase on the front surface of the vehicle.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 12; 1257-1261
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the driving style on the CO2 emissions from a passenger car
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Andrzejewski, M.
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Jacyna-Gołda, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
driving style
road tests
CO2 emissions
fuel consumption
Opis:
With the invention of specialized, portable research equipment, construction of which enabled road tests of vehicles, it has become possible to verify benefits ensuing from application of eco-driving rules outside the laboratory – the test stand measurements. Test of the vehicles’ operation in terms of ecology are essential especially in case of toxicity of exhaust gases in dynamic, transient conditions of engine operation. Despite the attempt to reflect those conditions in dynamic research tests, it is not possible for fully reconstruct real conditions of operation of vehicles of different homologation categories. Due to this fact in recent years, the biggest research potential in automotive industry has been focused right on the road tests of vehicles in real traffic conditions. The article presents the results of measurements of exhaust emissions of passenger car in real traffic conditions. The aim of this study was to initial verification how the driving style influences on the carbon dioxide emissions from vehicle engine and fuel consumption. The determinants were the measurements of the concentration of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from the power unit of the tested vehicle. In the measurements, a portable exhaust emission analyser was used.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 219-226
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance of selected cultivation machines in relation to fuel consumption
Wydajność wybranych maszyn uprawowych a zużycie paliwa
Autorzy:
Bieniek, J.
Kłudka, D.
Molendowski, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
cultivation machine
performance
fuel consumption
maszyna uprawowa
wydajność
zużycie paliwa
Opis:
Correct juxtaposition of a tractor with a machine affects time and being on time with a treatment as well as fuel consumption. The article presents analysis of the selection of various cultivation machines to a 14 kN class tractor in the aspect of obtaining maximum performance and minimum fuel consumption. The following cultivation machines were investigated: cultivation aggregates and chisel plows, disc harrows, field ploughs. During exploitation, research measurements of fuel consumption and actual speed of the units operation were taken. It was showed that incorrect selection of the working width of a machine for a tractor results in a decrease of the cultivation unit performance and in many cases in the increase of fuel consumption.
Prawidłowe zestawienie ciągnika z maszyną ma wpływ na czas i terminowość zabiegu oraz na zużycie paliwa. W artykule dokonano analizy doboru różnych maszyn uprawowych do ciągnika klasy 14 kN, w aspekcie uzyskania maksymalnej wydajności i minimalnego zużycia paliwa. Badaniom poddano następujące maszyny uprawowe: agregaty uprawowe i ścierniskowe, brony talerzowe, pługi zagonowe. W trakcie badań eksploatacyjnych dokonano pomiarów zużycia paliwa i rzeczywistej prędkości pracy agregatów. Wykazano, że nieodpowiedni dobór szerokości roboczej maszyny do ciągnika powoduje spadek wydajności agregatu uprawowego oraz w wielu przypadkach wzrost zużycia paliwa.
Źródło:
Agricultural Engineering; 2014, 18, 2; 5-13
2083-1587
Pojawia się w:
Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-50 z 272

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