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Tytuł:
Badanie wpływu składowiska odpadów na wybrane elementy środowiska przyrodniczego
Inyestigation of influence of landfill site onto select elements of natural environment
Autorzy:
Niesiobędzka, K.
Krajewska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
składowisko odpadów
woda
gleba
roślinność
metale ciężkie
landfill
water
soil
plant
heavy metals
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badania wpływu składowiska odpadów na wybrane elementy środowiska (ekosystem wodny i glebowy), będącego w bliskim otoczeniu tego obiektu. Badaniom poddano próbki gleb, roślinności, wód oraz osadów dennych, w których określono poziomy stężeń wybranych metali ciężkich (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn). W próbkach wód oznaczono podstawowe parametry fizykochemiczne, takie jak: pH, konduktywność, aniony - Cl-, SO2-4, NO-3, NO-2 oraz kationy - Ca2+, Mg2+, NH+4 . W próbkach gleb określono również poziomy stężeń form mobilnych badanych metali ciężkich, wykazujących dużą biodostępność w ekosystemie glebowym. Przeprowadzono test wymywamości łatwo uruchamianych form metali z osadów dennych do fazy wodnej za pomocą wody destylowanej, EDTA oraz analizowanych wód powierzchniowych. Do oznaczenia stężeń metali ciężkich wykorzystano metodę AAS. Uzyskane dane analityczne pozwoliły na zdiagnozowanie stanu jakości wybranych elementów środowiska, narażonego na antropopresję ze strony obiektu komunalnego jako potencjalnego źródła zanieczyszczeń oraz określenie jego wpływu na badane komponenty środowiska.
Results of investigation of influence of landfill site onto select elements of environment (aquatic ecosystem and soil) were presented. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) in soils, plant, water and sediments were determined. Physicochemical parameters of water such as: pH, conductivity, anions - Cl-, SO2-4, NO-3, NO-2 and cations - Ca2+, Mg2+, NH+4 were determined. The levels of concentrations of mobile form of examined heavy metals (demonstrating the great bioavailability in the soil ecosystem) in soil samples were also determined. The test of rinsłng out of easily started forms of heavy metals from sediments to the liquid phase was conducted by adding deionised water, EDTA and analyzed surface water. Studies of soil and water samples were executed by standard techniques generally used in investigations of soil and water. The concentrations of heavy metals in all investigated samples were determined by AAS. The obtained experimental results allowed to diagnose the state of the environment in the yicinity landfill site and to determine his influence on examined elements of the environment.
Źródło:
Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology; 2010, 15, 2; 179-184
2084-4506
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wymywanie metali ciężkich z pyłów ulicznych do fazy wodnej w symulowanych warunkach spływów powierzchniowych
Elution of heavy metals from street dust to aqueous phase in simulated road runoff
Autorzy:
Krajewska, E.
Niesiobędzka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106586.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
metale ciężkie
pył uliczny
heavy metals
street dust
Opis:
Badania dotyczyły możliwości uruchamiania mobilnych form metali ciężkich z pyłu ulicznego do fazy wodnej spływów powierzchniowych. Przeprowadzone zostały testy wymywalności metali (Zn, Pb i Cu) w symulowanych warunkach spływów powierzchniowych. Ekstrakcję przeprowadzono za pomocą roztworów NaCl o stężeniach 0,01, 0,1 i 1,0 mol/dm3, ustalając czas kontaktu pyłu z roztworem na l h oraz 12 dni. Wyniki badań wskazują na ważny wpływ zasolenia roztworu na wymywanie metali z pyłu do fazy wodnej. Dla wszystkich badanych metali największe wartości stopnia wymycia odnotowano dla roztworu charakteryzującego się największą wartością przewodności właściwej. Zaobserwowano także znaczący wpływ czasu kontaktu pyłu z ekstrahentem na wyniki eksperymentu. Stężenia metali odnotowane po 12 dniach były od 2 do 10 razy większe niż te po upływie jednej godziny, przy czym największy przyrost zaobserwowano dla roztworów o mniejszym zasoleniu. Ze wszystkich badanych metali najwyższy stopień wymycia metalu z pyłu do fazy wodnej uzyskano w przypadku ołowiu, dla którego w najbardziej ekstremalnych warunkach eksperymentu uzyskano wynik 6,8%.
In this study mobile fractions of heavy metals (Zn, Pb and Cu) in street dust was determined. The bath test of street dust was conductedby adding three solutions: 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 M NaCl. These are simulated road runoff. Influence oftime on exposure to solutions was also examined. Street dust was exracted in 2 time periods: one hour and twelve days. Mobile fractions of heavy metals associated with exchangeable and carbonate fractions were easy activated to water. The results showed that the increase in conductivity led to the increase in heavy metals concentrations in dissolved phase. The highest concentrations were found in l M NaCl. Time of exposure had also influence on the extraction of heavy metals. Their concentrations were higher from 2 to 10 times after 12 days, especially for lead. In exreme conditions dust leachate contained 6.8% of total lead. In effect urban road runoff can deliver mobile fractions of heavy metals to soil and surface water near the roads, especially in winter time when the roads are deiced and the dust settled for a long time.
Źródło:
Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology; 2010, 15, 2; 173-177
2084-4506
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Self-esteem of parents with intellectually disabled children in relation to the support of selected social groups
Autorzy:
Guzowski, A.
Krajewska–Kułak, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918525.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-11-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Disabled child
parents
social support
Opis:
Introduction: In the literature on the problem of social support, besides family sources of support, (husband, wife, children, parents, siblings, relatives), a role of friends, acquaintances and neighbors is emphasized. Purpose: To assess types and level of support that parents receive from specific social groups. Materials and methods: The study included 108 mothers and 108 fathers of intellectually disabled children. We used the original questionnaire and the standardized scale of Social Support by KmiecikBaran. Results: There were differences between the parents in emotional support (standard deviation 3.519), the lowest in informative support (deviation 2.744). General support was poor in the opinion of 34.6% of the parents. Average institutional support related to 42.9% of the parents, strong evaluative support – 37.1% and strong emotional support – 41%. The parents received the strongest informative, institutional, evaluative and emotional support from nurses and physicians. Spouses of the examined gave them poor informative, emotional and institutional support and average evaluative support. Statistically, the fathers received significantly stronger evaluative and emotional support – by more than one point, and by more than 3 points in case of general support than mothers. Conclusions: The parents received average social support, however, it was below the average for the Polish adult population. The spouses gave them poor informative, emotional and institutional support and average evaluative support; teachers, physicians and nurses – average support in all categories, however, in case of the two latter – institutional and evaluative support was close to the above-average values. The fathers enjoyed moderately stronger evaluative, emotional and general support from teachers, physicians and nurses than mothers.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2017, 7(2); 26-35
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of health behaviors on presentation and condition of the skin – a preliminary report
Autorzy:
Polkowska, K.
Kowalewska, B.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-18
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Skin
health behaviors
knowledge
Opis:
Introduction: Skin condition is determined by multiple factors, among them some which are beyond human control. However, it can be also indirectly modulated by positive health behaviors and cosmetic procedures. Objective: To analyze health behaviors and knowledge of factors determining skin condition among Polish university students. Materials and methods: The diagnostic survey, based on a questionnaire developed by the authors, included a total of 75 respondents. Results: The largest proportion of the study participants evaluated condition of their skin as moderate (41.3%). According to most respondents, skin condition is positively affected by balanced diet (78.7%), physical activity (68%), collagen (68%), calcium (41.3%) and diet rich in vegetables, fruits, fish, rice and grits. Up to 60% of the study subjects declared present or past intake of dietary supplements, 44% used dedicated cosmetics for facial skincare, and 58.7% consumed 1-2 liters of fluids per day. Sweetened beverages, alcohol, excess of coffee, tea and herbal infusions were considered unfavorable for skin health, similar to stimulants, such as cigarettes, alcohol, drugs and coffee. Up to 38.7% of the respondents declared a sedentary lifestyle. In the participants’ opinion, stimulants (85.3%), lack of hygiene (76%), inappropriate fluid repletion (68%) and too low physical activity (62.7%) are the most harmful factors for skin health. Conclusions: The study participants had basic knowledge of health behaviors and their beneficial or detrimental effects on the condition of human skin. The majority of the respondents used skincare cosmetics dedicated to a given body area. Keywords: Skin, health behaviors, knowledge
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2018, 8(1); 14-21
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wplywu 33 proc. ekstraktu z grejfruta na wzrost grzybow drozdzopodobnych, dermatofitow i plesni
Autorzy:
Krajewska-Kulak, E
Lukaszuk, C.
Niczyporuk, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/837346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Tematy:
plesnie
ekstrakt z grapefruita
dermatofity
parazytologia
aktywnosc przeciwgrzybicza
grzyby drozdzoidalne
wzrost grzybow
Opis:
Grapefruit seed extract was discovered by Jacob Harich an american immunologist in 1980. Assessment of the influence of grapefruit extract on the yeast-like fungi strains - Candida albicans growth. Material used in this investigation was ATCC test Candida albicans strains no 10231, 200 of Candida albicans strains, 5 of Candida sp. strains isolated from patients with candidiasis symptoms from different ontocenosis and 12 of dermatophytes and moulds isolated from patients. The susceptibility of the Candida was determined by serial dilution method. It seems that 33% grapefruit extract exert a potent antifungal activity against the yeast like fungi strains and had low activity against dermatophytes and moulds. Further studies in vitro and in vivo on greater number of the yeast-like fungi strains and other fungi species are needed.
Źródło:
Annals of Parasitology; 2001, 47, 4; 845-849
0043-5163
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Parasitology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perception of the elderly by junior high school students and university students in Poland
Autorzy:
Cybulski, M.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Jamiolkowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Aging
social health
Students
Opis:
Introduction: Statistical data from the turn of the 20th century shows a significant increase in the average human life span and, what follows, an extension of old age. The world is aging and Poland has joined the list of countries which have been classified as demographically old since the rate at which society is aging has become very fast. Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to become familiar with the opinions submitted by respondents regarding aging and old age, health problems connected with aging and preferred health behaviors.Materials and methods: The research was conducted between January 3rd of 2013 and February 15th of 2014 on a group of 200 junior high school students and 200 university students from the Medical University of Białystok Faculty of Health Sciences using a questionnaire created by the authors.Results: A vast majority of the respondents of the study groups declared that they have thought about old age. Among university students this percentage reached 38.5%. Almost 50.0% of all respondents acknowledged that older people are needed by society.Conclusions: The results show that the aging process should be contemplated considering multiple aspects of life: biological, psychological and social. Moreover, youth education programs about seniors and old age as well as about ways to counteract their stigmatization should be introduced.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 2; 93-98
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of exposure to patient aggression and professional experience on the psychological condition of various groups of healthcare workers
Autorzy:
Kowalczuk, K.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Klimaszewska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Aggression
Stress
nurse
midwife
Physician
Opis:
Purpose:To analyze the relationship between the psychological condition of representatives from various professional groups of healthcare workers, the degree of their exposure to patient aggression, as well as with the duration of their professional experience.Materials and methods:Study participants (n=1498) were employed at open and closed healthcare units within Podlaskie province: 493 nurses, 504 midwives and 501 physicians. The Work Features Evaluation Questionnaire and General Health Evaluation Questionnaire GHQ28 were applied, and the psychological condition of medical staff was examined based on a 30-question surveyResults:When analyzing all of the groups of medical personnel, the mean level of exposure to patient aggression fell within the moderate range. The highest level of aggression was experienced amongst nurses, while the lowest – amongst midwives. The analyzed groups did not differ significantly in terms of the level of their psychological condition. With the exception of physicians, no significant association was observed between levels of patient aggression and the psychological condition of the medical personnel. Amongst physicians, individuals who experienced lower levels of aggression were characterized by significantly higher psychological condition values when compared to personnel exposed to moderate or high levels of patient aggression. No significant linear correlations between psychological condition levels and the frequency of patient aggression or duration of professional experience were noted in any of the analyzed professional groups.Conclusions:A moderate level of exposure to patient aggression is not the main factor affecting the psychological condition of medical personnel.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 2; 99-104
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wpływu 33 proc. ekstraktu z grejfruta na wzrost grzybów drożdżopodobnych, dermatofitów i pleśni
EFFECTS OF 33% GRAPEFRUIT EXTRACT ON THE GROWTH OF THE YEAST - LIKE FUNGI, DERMATOPYTES AND MOULDS
Autorzy:
Krajewska-Kulak, E.
Łukaszuk, C.
Niczyporuk, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Tematy:
plesnie
ekstrakt z grapefruita
dermatofity
parazytologia
aktywnosc przeciwgrzybicza
grzyby drozdzoidalne
wzrost grzybow
Opis:
Grapefruit seed extract was discovered by Jacob Harich an american immunologist in 1980. Assessment of the influence of grapefruit extract on the yeast-like fungi strains - Candida albicans growth. Material used in this investigation was ATCC test Candida albicans strains no 10231, 200 of Candida albicans strains, 5 of Candida sp. strains isolated from patients with candidiasis symptoms from different ontocenosis and 12 of dermatophytes and moulds isolated from patients. The susceptibility of the Candida was determined by serial dilution method. It seems that 33% grapefruit extract exert a potent antifungal activity against the yeast like fungi strains and had low activity against dermatophytes and moulds. Further studies in vitro and in vivo on greater number of the yeast-like fungi strains and other fungi species are needed.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2001, 47, 4; 845-849
0043-5163
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nurses’ generalized self-efficacy in relation to their workplace
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, H.
Penar-Zadarko, B.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917819.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Nurses
work
self-efficacy
Opis:
Introduction: Self-efficacy in nurses appears to be of great importance, and is one of the indicators of behaviour Purpose: Nurses’ self-assessment of their generalized self-efficacy in relation to their workplace. Material and methods: The study involved random sample of 570 nurses. A diagnostic survey was carried out using the standardized Generalized SelfEfficacy Scale (GSES). Results: The average value of self-efficacy amounted to 29.3±30. Among the respondents, 56.8% represented category of “high efficacy”, whereas others were of “average efficacy” (32.3%) and “low efficacy” (10.9%). The overall assessment of the nursing profession was higher in participants who presented higher values on GSES scale (R=0.12). The average general level of satisfaction in terms of 20 aspects of professional work was connected with self-efficacy which proved statistically significant. Analysis of self-efficacy score did not indicate statistically significant differences among workplaces. Conclusion: Over half of the participants represented the category of “high efficacy”. The group of nurses employed in district hospitals presented the least instances of low self-efficacy assessment. Individuals who were satisfied with their nursing professional development opportunities had a higher self-efficacy. The higher the perception of self-efficacy, the higher the workplace satisfaction. The average level of satisfaction resulting from various aspects of nursing profession depended on the perception of selfefficacy in the following areas of assessment: professional development opportunity, decisionmaking autonomy, sense of purpose at work, and, to a lesser extent, occupational safety, maintaining work-life balance, and the possibility of communicating with people.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2016, 6(2); 92-99
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perception of the psychosocial working conditions in a group of nurses working in hospitals and primary health care
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, H.
Penar-Zadarko, B.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Nurse
place of work
psychosocial conditions
Opis:
Introduction: In the nurses group, it is required to have great psychosocial skills, guaranteeing the high quality of professional services. Purpose: To assess the psychosocial working conditions of nurses, depending on their place of employment. Material and methods: The study involved 570 randomly selected nurses. It was based on a diagnostic survey using a standardised questionnaire of Psychosocial Working Conditions (PWC). Results: Correlation factors between the overall and average level of satisfaction with the work were quite high – exceed 0.30 and even 0.40. The greater was the need for change, the lower was the job satisfaction. High sense of self-control at work, social support, or wellbeing was linked with better ratings. Psychophysical requirements were assessed as the worst, and the least frequent were the additional requirements resulting from the conflict nature of the job and overload. Nurses from voivodeship hospitals rated their work lower in the category of intellectual demands, and nurses from the Primary Health Care - in the category of requirements resulting from the conflict nature of the job and overload. Behavioural control and the need for change were different for PHC and the other two hospitals. Psychological wellbeing in district hospitals was worse than in the other two types of medical institutions. Conclusions: The larger was the sense of work control, or sense of social support, the higher was the job satisfaction. The higher the level of requirements and the need for change, the lower was the satisfaction of the assessed aspects of work. There were clear differences in the assessment of the psychosocial working conditions of nurses from hospitals and nurses from PHC.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2016, 6(2); 100-108
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preferred patient behaviours related to health
Autorzy:
Moczydłowska, A.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Kózka, M.
Bielski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917587.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
health behaviours
Patients
HBI
MHLC
Opis:
Introduction: Health education is the child of medicine and pedagogy, and they share a common focus on humans. The aim of this study was to assess the preferred behaviours associated with health as well as the health locus of control of the tested patients.Materials and methods: The study included 300 patients from surgical wards (group I) and 300 from non-surgical wards (group II), studying them using the Health Behaviour Inventory (HBI) and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) scales.Results: For the six statements contained in the Sanitary Behaviours Letter concerning proper nutrition, the surveyed patients received the lowest average values. Among the preventive behaviours, participants reported that they complied with medical recommendations, conducted settled family and social life, and reduced their smoking, but that they did not attach sufficient importance to rest or weight control. In relation to the four examined categories of behaviour, general indicators of the severity of health behaviour did not differ significantly between the groups, which both reported a low level of health behaviour. The majority of women expressed the conviction that their health depends on themselves, demonstrating internal health control, while men tended to claim that their health was dependent on fate or luck. Inhabitants of rural areas exhibited internal control and blamed their own health behaviour for their well-being. Urban residents, on the other hand, showed a stronger belief in the influence of others on their health.Conclusions: The majority of patients showed poor attention to health matters, especially in terms of preferred health practices. However, the less education the participants had and the worse their financial situation grew, the stronger the care for their own health became.Key words:Health behaviours, patients, HBI, MHLC
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2015, 5, 2; 122-133
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indoor air studies of fungi contamination in two kindergartens in Kavala, Greece
Autorzy:
Łukaszuk, C.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Chatzopulu, A.
Theodosopoulou, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Indoor air fungi
kindergartens
SAS Super 100
Opis:
Introduction: Fungi and moulds are biological hazards that are ubiquitous both in the communal and occupational environments. The aim of the study was to assess the presence of airborne fungi in two kindergartens in Kavala, Greece. Materials and methods: Materials for the tests were: the air samples (in front of the buildings and the selected rooms) of the two kindergartens. The first Kavala kindergarten was located atop a hill and the second in the city center. The air pollution was determined using SAS SUPER 100. Results: The mean number of fungal colonies isolated from air of the kindergarten rooms in the city center was 478.3±148.4 CFU/m3. The mean number of fungal colonies isolated from air of the kindergarten on the hill was 343.6±188.8 CFU/m3. Aspergillus niger was most frequently isolated in air samples from the kindergarten rooms in the city center, while Penicillium species predominated the kindergarten rooms on the hill. CFU values in the air samples outside the kindergartens were higher in the center than on the hill of Kavala. CFU values of the examined air samples are varied. In the kindergarten rooms in the center of Kavala the most frequently isolated species was Aspergillus niger, and in the kindergarten on the hill it was Penicillium species. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated considerable numbers of fungi in the air in two kindergartens in Kavala, Greece.
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2016, 6(1); 123-129
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porownanie jakosci mikrobiologicznej mleka pasteryzowanego, mikrofiltrowanego i UHT
Comparison of microbiological quality of pasteurized, microfiltered and UHT milk
Autorzy:
Smietana, Z
Krajewska-Kaminska, E.
Bohdziewicz, K.
Nalepa, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/826661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Technologów Żywności
Tematy:
mleko spozywcze
mikrofiltracja
sterylizacja
zywnosc
pasteryzacja
spozycie zywnosci
Polska
analiza porownawcza
mleko pasteryzowane
jakosc mikrobiologiczna
mikroflora
mleko UHT
Opis:
Wzrastająca konsumpcja mleka spożywczego w Polsce oraz dążenie producentów do maksymalnego przedłużenia trwałości produktu motywuje do poszukiwań nowych metod jego utrwalania. Przeprowadzono produkcję mleka pasteryzowanego (72ºC przez 15 – 20 s), mleka mikrofiltrowanego, a następnie pasteryzowanego (MF/P) oraz mleka UHT w celu określenia różnic ich jakości mikrobiologicznej. Wszystkie próby przechowywano w chłodziarce domowej. Mleko pasteryzowane badano w okresie 9 dni, natomiast mleko MF/P i UHT - 23 dni. Mleko znormalizowane do zawartości tłuszczu 2% badano bezpośrednio po produkcji oraz w trakcie przechowywania w odstępach trzydniowych. W mleku surowym, po obróbce oraz w trakcie przechowywania oznaczono: ogólną liczbę drobnoustrojów (OLD) i OLD psychrotrofowych, liczbę przetrwalników Bacillus i beztlenowych laseczek przetrwalnikujących redukujących siarczany, liczbę beztlenowych laseczek przetrwalnikujących gazotwórczych oraz określono liczbę bakterii ciepłoopornych. Kontrolowano także pH i kwasowość miareczkową podczas przechowywania. Ponadto określono jakość mleka surowego oznaczając OLD, liczbę komórek somatycznych, zawartość białka, tłuszczu, laktozy oraz określając temperaturę zamarzania mleka. Mleko surowe użyte do produkcji odpowiadało wymaganiom zawartym w rozporządzeniu Ministra Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi z dnia 18 sierpnia 2004. W żadnym z produktów nie stwierdzono, w całym okresie przechowywania, obecności bakterii z grupy coli, bakterii beztlenowych sacharolitycznych ani bakterii beztlenowych proteolitycznych. Stwierdzono szybszy wzrost kwasowości miareczkowej mleka pasteryzowanego wyrażonej w stopniach SH. Mleko sterylizowane, jak i „mikrofiltrowane”, wykazywało stabilność kwasowości wahającej się w granicach 0,5°SH. Mleko pasteryzowane po 9-dniowym przechowywaniu wykazywało podobną jakość mikrobiologiczną, jak mleko surowe, z którego zostało wyprodukowane, natomiast produkty MF/P i UHT cechowały się bardzo zbliżoną jakością mikrobiologiczną. W 23. dniu przechowywania były zdatne do spożycia (OLD mleka MF/P <10 jtk/ml, OLD mleka UHT 1,1x101 jtk/ml). Stwierdzono, że zastosowanie procesu fizycznego usuwania drobnoustrojów (mikrofiltracja) i następnie pasteryzacji umożliwia wyprodukowanie mleka spożywczego o jakości mikrobiologicznej odpowiadającej mleku sterylizowanemu, jednak o walorach sensorycznych produktu pasteryzowanego.
Increasing consumption of milk in Poland and aiming of producers to maximize the shelf-life of product, motivates to search for new methods to preserve. The production of pasteurized (72ºC/15–20 s), microfiltered, and consequently pasteurized (MF/P) and UHT milk was performed, in order to determine any difference in their quality. All samples were stored under refrigerated conditions. Pasteurized milk was examined for 9 days, MF/P and UHT for 23 days. Milk normalized to 2 % fat content was tested just after the production, and during storage in 3 days intervals. The following parameters such as: total bacterial counts (TBC), total count of psychrotrophs, number of Bacillus spores, anaerobic spore rods which reduce sulfates, gas producing anaerobic spore rods, number of heat resistant microorganisms were determined in raw milk, after processing and during storage. pH and ºSH were controlled during storage. Moreover, total bacterial counts (TBC), number of somatic cells, protein, fat and lactose content, temperature of milk freezing were evaluated, as a level of quality of raw milk. Raw milk, used for production, was in accordance with Order of Minister of Agriculture and Country Development from 18th of August 2004. During whole storage period, the presence of coliform bacteria, anaerobic microorganisms fermented sucrose, or anaerobic proteolytic bacteria did not occur. Titration acidity increased faster in pasteurized milk, expressed in ºSH. Sterilized and microfiltered milk had stable acidity, varied ca. 0,5 ºSH. After 9 days of storage, pasteurized milk had similar microbiological quality like raw milk, which was made from. MF/P and UHT milk had very similar microbiological quality, in 23rd day of storage they were suitable for consumption (TBC < 10cfu/ml and 1,1x101 cfu/ml, for MF/P and UHT milk, respectively). Results indicate, that application of physical process for removing microorganisms (microfiltration) and successive pasteurization, enables production of milk with microbiological quality as in sterilized milk, but with sensory properties of pasteurized product.
Źródło:
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość; 2007, 14, 2; 29-39
1425-6959
Pojawia się w:
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Knowledge of parents of children with autism from Poland, Belarus and France concerning their child’s condition
Wiedza rodziców dzieci z autyzmem z Polski, Białorusi i Francji na temat choroby dziecka
Autorzy:
Ślifirczyk, A.
Krajewska-Kułak, E.
Krukowska, M.
Maciorkowska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2053512.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
autism
parents
knowledge
autyzm
rodzicie
wiedza
Opis:
Background. Autism is not only a problem for p eople with autism, but also for their entire families. Material and methods. 83 families were analysed, including 30 families from Poland, 25 families from Belarus and 28 families from France, an author’s questionnaire was used. Results. The majority of respondents were aware of the fact that autism can also be diagnosed in an adult person. Likewise, the notion of the autistic spectrum was known. While parents from Poland and France realised that a one-time diagnosis of the condition is insufficient, parents from Belarus more often chose the incorrect answer, and therefore they express the tendency to immediately start a therapy without additional consultations. All respondents from France chose the statement that treatment of autism should be started before the age of 3, which was confirmed by the majority of respondents from the other two countries. Polish parents barely considered the importance of preparation required to understand their child’s behaviour, whereas this aspect of the therapy was indicated by almost 90% of the respondents from the other two countries. Parents from Poland (69%) and Belarus (76%) were mostly convinced that autism cannot be cured completely. A different opinion was expressed by 42.9% of parents from France, who were convinced about it. The Poles most willingly used the Internet as a source of knowledge, while the French and Belarusians - a psychologist. A paediatrician was a preferred educator in Poland, in Belarus and France - a psychologist. Conclusions. The parents of autistic children, regardless of the country, showed a low level of knowledge about autism. The vast majority of respondents declared a desire to deepen their knowledge on autism, expressing their preference to have an individual conversation with an educator.
Wprowadzenie. Autyzm nie jest problemem jedynie osób z autyzmem, ale również całych ich rodzin. Materiał i metody. Analizie poddano 83 rodziny, w tym 30 rodzin z Polski, 25 rodzin z Białorusi oraz 28 rodzin z Francji i wykorzystano kwestionariusz autorski. Wyniki. Większość ankietowanych wiedziała, że autyzm można zdiagnozować także u osoby dorosłej, znane było także pojęcie spektrum autystycznego. O ile rodzice z Polski i Francji zdawali sobie sprawę, że jednorazowa diagnoza choroby jest niewystarczająca, to rodzice z Białorusi częściej wybierali błędną odpowiedź, a więc natychmiastowe rozpoczęcie terapii bez dodatkowych konsultacji. Wszyscy ankietowani z Francji wybierali stwierdzenie, iż leczenie autyzmu należy zacząć przed 3 rokiem życia, co potwierdziło większość ankietowanych z pozostałych dwóch krajów. Rodzice z Polski ledwie w połowie za ważne uznali przygotowanie rodziców do zrozumienia zachowań dziecka, podczas gdy ten aspekt terapii wskazało niemal 90% ankietowanych z dwóch pozostałych krajów. Rodzice z Polski (69%) i Białorusi (76%) byli w większości przekonani, iż autyzmu nie można wyleczyć całkowicie. Odmienną opinię wyraziło 42,9% przekonanych o tym rodziców z Francji. Polacy najchętniej jako źródło wiedzy wykorzystywali Internet, Francuzi i Białorusini - psychologa. Za edukatora w Polsce preferowano pediatrę, na Białorusi i we Francji - psychologa. Wnioski. Rodzice dzieci autystycznych, niezależnie od kraju, wykazywali niski poziom wiedzy na temat autyzmu. Zdecydowana większość respondentów deklarowała chęć pogłębienia wiedzy na temat autyzmu preferując w tym celu rozmowę indywidualną z edukatorem.
Źródło:
Health Problems of Civilization; 2019, 13, 2; 114-122
2353-6942
2354-0265
Pojawia się w:
Health Problems of Civilization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 81

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