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Wyszukujesz frazę "water soil erosion" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Agrofizyka dla srodowiska i bezpiecznej produkcji biologicznej
Agrophysics for the environment and safety biological production
Autorzy:
Glinski, J
Konstankiewicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1630386.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
Polska
Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
struktura organizacyjna
agrofizyka
konferencje
Lublin konferencja
badania naukowe
ochrona srodowiska
rolnictwo
erozja wodna
erozja gleb
gleby orne
gleby mineralne
struktura gleb
woda glebowa
mapy glebowe
ziarno
przechowywanie
Polska
Polish Academy of Sciences
Institute of Agrophysics
organization structure
agrophysics
conference
Lublin conference
scientific research
environment protection
agriculture
water erosion
soil erosion
arable soil
mineral soil
soil structure
soil water
soil map
grain
storage
Opis:
Agrophysics is a science dealing with physical properties and processes affecting plant production. The main topics of agrophysical investigations are mass ( water, air, plant nutrients) and energy (light, heat) exchange in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum and way their regulation to reach biomass of high quantity and quality. Agrophisical investigations can be presented in the form of a tree - parameter system of classification. the term "Agrophysics" similarly to "Agrochemistry" "Agrobiology" "Agromelioration""Agroclimatology" or "Agroecology" has been fully accepted as an agricultural specialization. Agrophysics research are developed by meny scientific institutes but only the Instituí of Agrophysics in Lublin (Poland) is the strongest unit for a complex investigations in the field of agrophysics.AC The Institute of Agrophysics (IA PAN) is one of the institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, It was founded by Professor Bohdan Dobrzański in 1968 in Lublin who was the first and long-term director of the Institute (till 1980). The staff of the Institute consists of 100 workers including 68 scientific representing various specializations: physics, physicochemistry, soil science, agricultural engineering, mechanics, mathematics, electronics, geography and biology. These scientists have ery high qualifications achieved during long trainings in domestic and foreign centres. They were employed as postgraduate students and got their scientific degree on agrophysics. The Institute uses it's own building covering a surface of about 5 000 m2 situated in Lublin-Felin. The scientific structure of the Institute consists of six departments: 1. Hydrolherrnophysics of Soil Hnvironment and Agricultural Materials. 2. Aeration and Gas Exchange of Soil Environment and Agricultural Materials. 3. Mechanics of Agricultural Materials. 4. Physicochemistry of Agricultural Materials. 5. Agrophysical Bases of Soil Environment Management. 6. Physical Bases of the Evaluation and Improvement of Plant Materials, The Institute is a coordinator of agrophysical investigations in Poland and cooperates with meny scientific institutions over the world. The agrophysicial investigations carried out by the Institute and under its coordination allow us to deepen our fundamental knowledge about the physical and physicochemical properties and processes concerning agricultural materials. They also have introduced new elements to environmental protection which are significant to the economy. The results from these investigations may be used to: decrease soil physical degradation caused by erosion, soil crusting, sealing, compaction and structure destruction; increase the efficiency of water and fertilizer use; improve the technology of harvesting, storing and processing of plant materials to decrease quantitative ad qualitative losses of these materials; improve plant breading through formulation of physical properties of plants. The development of a theoretical basis in the field of agrophysics is of great importance for many agricultural specialization, e.g., soil science, soil technology, land reclamation, agricultural engineering, agroclimatology, agrochemistry, plant breeding and plant technology.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 1999, 20; 1-69
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing the intra-annual variability of agricultural soil losses: a RUSLE application in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France
Autorzy:
Nouaim, Wafae
Rambourg, Dimitri
Merzouki, Mohamed
El Harti, Abderrazak
Karaoui, Ismail
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
agriculture
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation
RUSLE
water erosion
Opis:
The control of water erosion is an important economic and societal challenge. Reduction of the agronomic potential of the parcels, muddy flows, siltation of dams are harmful consequences that mobilize farmers, water managers, local authorities and scientific researchers. This study focuses on mapping and quantifying seasonal soil losses in the territory of the former Nord-Pas-de-Calais administrative region, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) which incorporates five factors: rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, topography, land use and erosion control practices. The seasonal (3-months) time scale is chosen to better account for the parameters governing the soil water erosion, especially rainfall and vegetation cover, that show great asynchronous intra-annual variability. Also, high resolution data concerning agricultural plots allows to evaluate which type of culture are the more subject to soil losses. In Nord-Pas-de-Calais, water erosion occurs almost ubiquitously, but the areas characterized by steep slopes are the most at risk (Artois Hills and Flanders), with loss rates up to 54 t∙ha-1∙y-1. The majority of erosion occurs during fall (46% of the computed annual losses of 1.69∙Mt), on plots left bare after harvest (especially corn and beets crops). The study also demonstrates that extending the intercrop technique over the region, and therefore maintaining a fall and winter cover, could reduce the soil losses by 37%.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 210--220
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of soil erosion using the GIS-based erosion potential method in the Kebir Rhumel Watershed, Northeast Algeria
Autorzy:
Zeghmar, Amer
Marouf, Nadir
Mokhtari, Elhadj
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
Erosion Potential Method
EPM
Geographic Information System
GIS
Kebir-Rhumel
remote sensing
soil erosion
water erosion
Opis:
Soil erosion is an important factor that should be considered when planning renewable natural resource projects, effects of which can be measured by modelling techniques. Therefore, disintegration models determine soil loss intensity and support soil conservation practices. This study estimates soil loss rates by water erosion using the Erosion Potential Method (EPM) in the Kebir Rhumel Watershed located in Northeast Algeria. The area is north to south sub-humid to semi-arid, receives irregular rainfall, and has steep slopes and low vegetation cover which makes it very vulnerable to erosion. The main factors in the EPM (soil erodibility, soil protection, slope, temperature, and rainfall) were evaluated using the Geographical Information System (GIS) and data provided by remote sensing technologies. The erosion intensity coefficient Z was 0.60, which indicates medium erosion intensity. While the results showed the average annual soil erosion of 17.92 Mg∙ha-1∙y -1, maximum and minimum losses are 190.50 Mg∙ha-1∙y-1 and 0.21 Mg∙ha-1∙y-1, respectively. The EPM model shows satisfactory results compared to some studies done in the basin, where the obtained results can be used for more appropriate management of land and water resources, sustainable planning, and environmental protection.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 133--144
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biological assessments of streams that have been adversely impacted by sediment runoff in Idaho, USA
Ocena biologiczna ciekow bedacych pod niekorzystnym wplywem odplywu rumowiska ze zlewni w stanie Idaho, USA
Autorzy:
Mahler, R L
Barber, M.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/81531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
biological assessment
soil erosion
stream
sediment
run-off
benthic macroinvertebrate
surface water
water quality
land use
forestry
agriculture
Idaho
USA
Opis:
Sediments are the major source of pollution in surface waters of the Pacific Northwest Region of the USA. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between SMI water quality scores at 76 sampling sites in eight watersheds and the observed soil erosion rates on adjacent landscapes. The water quality SMI scores in streams were obtained using stream macro invertebrates as an indicator of water quality, while soil erosion rates were determined by observation on adjoining landscapes during periods of maximum precipitation. Soil erosion rates of <2, 2–5, 5–15, 15–25 and >25 mt/ha/yr were observed at 9, 20, 45, 14 and 12% of the sampling sites, respectively. Landscapes with erosion rates of less than 5 mt/ha/yr generally resulted in good water quality in adjacent streams; however, when soil erosion rates on adjacent landscapes exceeded 5 mt/ha/yr SMI water quality scores were less than good 86% of the time. Strong signifi cant relationships were observed between SMI water quality rating and observed soil erosion rates. Consequently, land management or rehabilitation practices that reduce soil erosion rates to levels below 5 mt/ha/ /yr should improve stream water quality.
Rumowisko rzeczne stanowi główne źródło zanieczyszczenia wód powierzchniowych w zlewniach Pacyfiku w północno-zachodnim regionie USA. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań prowadzonych w ośmiu zlewniach w celu określenia zależności między indeksem jakości wody SMI w 76 przekrojach kontrolnych a wartościami wskaźnika erozji gleb na przyległych obszarach. Jako wskaźnik jakości wody do określenia wartość SMI wykorzystano badania makro bezkręgowców wodnych, natomiast wskaźnik erozji gleb określano na podstawie obserwacji terenu w okresach maksymalnych opadów deszczu. Uzyskano silną zależność między wartościami SMI a wartościami wskaźnika erozji gleb. Stwierdzono, że gdy wskaźnik erozji gleb przekraczał wartość 5 mt/ha/rok wówczas w 86% okresu obserwacji jakość wody była gorsza od dobrej, tj. słaba, zła lub bardzo zła. Zagospodarowanie terenu oraz działania w celu redukcji wartości wskaźnika erozji gleb poniżej 5 mt/ha/rok powinno poprawić jakość wody w ciekach.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation; 2010, 42, 1; 31-37
0208-5771
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes of topographic profile in dried valley bottom
Autorzy:
Grzywna, A
Palys, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
soil degradation
physical property
chemical property
topographical profile
water erosion
melioration
soil change
Opis:
In the present paper, on the basis of altitude measurements, changes of topographic profiles of a chosen dried valley in Elizowkaon the arable land were presented. Intensity of water erosion was also studied on the unprotected loess terrain for 40 years.On the average, 22 cm of mud deposited on the tested section of the valley bottom (total area of 1.28 ha) along 500 m of the water race line, with the average width of 25.ʹ6 m. In consequence, the local erosion basis was raised and the average inclination decreased slightly. Physico-chemical properties did not significantly change within 40 years and these factors are typical of deluvial soils with unshaped profile. Their partial improvement points to reduction and stabilisation of erosion processes. That phenomenon is associated with slight thaw water run-off and the lack of larger storm precipitation.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2000, 35; 85-92
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical Degradation and Processes of Erosion of Post-Mine Territories After Mining Exploration of Iron Ore
Autorzy:
Pusz, A.
Rogalski, D.
Trawińska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123048.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
recultivation
water erosion
mine exploration of iron ore
post-mine territories
degradation
soil pollution
Opis:
The subjects of this study were uncultivated mining waste heaps which are remnants of the territories abandoned after the exploration of iron ore. The aim of this analysis was the assessment of the influence of these objects on the soil located in the nearest surroundings, as well as estimation of the level of their degradation. It was ascertained that direct geomechanical degradation exists in the examined object, which is connected with soil profile destruction in consequence of transformation of hitherto existing geomorphological conditions, deformation of natural shape of territory, density of soil levels and deformation of the spatial layout. As a result of the examination, it was pointed out that chemical degradation as well as degradation of ecological structure occur on the analyzed territory. Progressing processes of water erosion on the side of waste heap are the consequence of improperly profiled, steep slopes causing the uncontrolled flow of rainwater, lack of flora and dense, micrograiny structure of soils which prevents the effective infiltration of water. Penetration of water into the ground causes the creation of channels which, in dry periods, can become additional pathways for the possible landslides.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 6; 71-79
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical properties and biological activity of erored soils under fallow in the end-moraine zone of West Pomerania [the Wegorzyno commune]
Autorzy:
Kocmit, A
Tomaszewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
biological activity
Polska
chemical property
soil erosion
cellulolytic activity
water erosion
eroded soil
fallow
Opis:
Since 1990 in Poland, a lot of soils have been changed to fallow.At first, degraded soils from eroded areas were changed. Some of them are fallow till today.Research work was carried out on the erroded soils that were under intense agricultural use in the 80-ties.Investigations on the superficial layer of these soils were carried out in 1995, after a four-year periodof fallow conditions. The investigations concentrated on the changes in chemical properties of the humus horizon (0 - 20cm) and changes of biological activity (0-40 cm) formed during the fallow period.The range of changes in the chemical properties was not big.However, biological activity of these soils changed more substantially. A decrease of C organic content was also characteristics. The present authors determined also a decrease of hydrolytic acidity in some soils, according to their location in the relief. In some soils, the content of Mg and K available forms was higher. Some of the soil functions related to habitation were changed too, e.g. visible forms of water erosion stopped.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2000, 35
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content of Cu, Zn and Mn in the eroded soils of a small arable-forest catchment of West Pomerania [The Chojna District]
Autorzy:
Chudecka, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1449154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
Pomeranian region
Polska
arable-forest catchment
water erosion
Chojna district
erosion process
geochemical background
soil
soil property
eroded soil
degraded ecosystem
anthropogenic ecosystem
heavy metal
Opis:
The aim of this paper was to assess differentiation in the total content of Cu, Zn and Mn under the influence of water erosion. The present author investigated parent material, eroded soils and delluvial sediments of a small arable-forest catchment of the moraine zone in West Pomerania. The average content of heavy metals in the parent rock (boulder light loam) were assumed as geochemical backgrounds of Cu, Zn and Mn. It was found out that erosion process caused differentiation in heavy metals. Zinc was the most mobile in this transportation; Mn was not sensitive to it. Delluvial sediments from arable (drainage) depressions had a clearly lower content of Cu and Zn than the parent material. It was also noted that Cu and Zn content in the forest area was lower than in the arable area of a similar relief and soil composition. Mn content was always higher in the arable soils. Soil-forming processes influenced differentiation of heavy metals in the vertical soil profile. The humus and Bt horizons (accumulation of silicate clay) were enriched with heavy metals. A decrease of heavy metal content was noticed in the eluvial horizon (Eet - outwash of silicate clay). The humus horizon of the investigated soil had, a natural (not increased) content of Cu, Zn and Mn.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 51; 21-28
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Degradacja gleb lessowych na przykladzie zlewni Ciemiegi.
Degradation of loessial soils in the Ciemięga River Basin
Autorzy:
Glinski, P
Debicki, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1632534.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
Plaskowyz Naleczowski
hydrologia
rzeka Ciemiega
zlewnia Ciemiegi
gleby
lessy
degradacja gleb
erozja gleb
erozja wodna
model USLE
Naleczow Plateau
hydrology
Ciemiega River
Ciemiega catchment
soil
loess
soil degradation
soil erosion
water erosion
USLE model
Opis:
Celem opracowania, była ocena zagrożeń erozyjnych i degradacji gleb lessowych na terenie rolniczej zlewni rzeki Ciemięgi na Płaskowyżu Nałęczowskim. W latach 1996-1997 wykonano pomiary wybranych właściwości gleb z zastosowaniem infiltrometru, symulatora opadów deszczu oraz sezonowe pomiary jakości wody w rzece, poprzez określenie ilości wynoszonej zawiesiny w trzech punktach pomiarowych. Średnia wartość strat erozyjnych gleby wynosiła 192 i7km2/rok. Obliczenia wykonane przy pomocy modelu USLE nic odbiegały od danych empirycznych. Model umożliwił oszacowanie wielkości strat gleby w zlewni w okresie roku oraz wskazał na kierunki przekształceń w użytkowaniu zlewni, które winny doprowadzić do ograniczenia strat gleby, a tym samym procesów degradacyjnych.
The aim of the study was to estimate erosion risk and soil degradation in the loessial agricultural basin of the Ciemięga river in Lublin with the use of USLE. In the years 1996-1997 field measurements were performed with disk infiltrometer, rainfall simulator as well as seasonal water properties were controlled (sediment yield) in three measuring points.Empirical data obtained and computer simulation data allow us to estimate both erosion risk and soil degradation in this area. Mean yearly soil loss amoumted 192t/km2/year. Simulation data correlated quite well with empirical data. The model also allowed us to point out proper measures to reduce erosion risk in the Ciemięgariver basin.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 1999, 23; 39-46
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectiveness of straw mulch on infiltration, splash erosion, runoff and sediment in laboratory conditions
Wpływ pokrycia gleby ściółką na infiltrację, erozję rozbryzgową, spływ i rumowisko określony w warunkach laboratoryjnych
Autorzy:
Gholami, L.
Banasik, K.
Sadeghi, S. H.
Khaledi Darvishan, A.
Hejduk, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/293080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
mulch
organic amendment
soil and water conservation
soil moisture
splash erosion
erozja rozbryzgowa
materiał organiczny
ochrona wody i gleby
ochronne działanie ściółki
wilgotność gleby
Opis:
Mulches have extraordinary potential in reducing surface runoff, increasing infiltration of water into the soil and decreasing soil erosion. The straw mulches as a biological material, has the ability to be a significant physical barrier against the impact of raindrops and reduce the detachment of soil aggregates. The present study is an attempt to determine the efficiency of straw mulch as conservation treatment in changes in the splash erosion, time-to-runoff, runoff coefficient, infiltration coefficient, time-to-drainage, drainage coefficient, sediment concentration and soil loss. The laboratory experiments have been conducted for sandy-loam soil taken from deforested area, about 15 km of Warsaw west, Poland under lab conditions with simulated rainfall intensities of 60 and 120 mm·h–1, in 4 soil moistures of 12, 25, 33 and 40% and the slope of 9%. Compared with bare treatments, results of straw mulch application showed the significant conservation effects on splash erosion, runoff coefficient, sediment concentration and soil loss and significant enhancement effects on infiltration and drainage. The results of Spearman-Rho correlation showed the significant (p ≤ 0.05) correlation with r = –0.873, 0.873, 0.878 and 0.764 between rainfall intensity and drainage coefficient, downstream splash, sediment concentration and soil loss and with r = –0.976, 0.927 and –0.927 between initial soil moisture content and time-to-runoff, runoff coefficient and infiltration coefficient, respectively.
Ściółka ze słomy może znacząco zmniejszać spływ powierzchniowy, powodując zwiększenie wsiąkania wody oraz zmniejszając erozję gleby. Ściółka jako materiał organiczny jest barierą redukującą także energię kinetyczną kropel deszczu, zmniejszając odspojenie i ograniczając transport agregatów glebowych. W prezentowanych badaniach podjęto próbę określenia wpływu ściółki ze słomy, jako środka ochronnego, na erozją rozbryzgową, czas do wystąpienia spływu, współczynnik spływu, koncentrację rumowiska i ilość zmywanej gleby. Doświadczenia laboratoryjne przeprowadzono w odniesieniu do piaszczystej gliny, pobranej z miejsca wylesionego, około 15 km na zachód od Warszawy, w symulowanych warunkach natężenia deszczu wynoszącego 60 i 120 mm·h–1, wilgotności początkowej gleby 12, 25, 33 i 40% oraz spadku powierzchni 9%. Porównując te wyniki z wynikami doświadczenia przeprowadzonego w tych samych warunkach z glebą pozbawioną ściółki, wykazano znaczący wpływ redukujący w odniesieniu do erozji rozbryzgowej, współczynnika odpływu, koncentracji rumowiska i ilości zmywanej gleby oraz znaczący wpływ zwiększający wsiąkanie i odpływ podpowierzchniowy.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2014, 22; 51-60
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectivity of soil conservation practices in vineyard soils from Catalonia Region, Spain
Autorzy:
Uson, A.
Espinosa, E.
Poch, R.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2056991.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
Catalonia Region
soil water
nutrient loss
soil erosion
soil
vineyard soil
leaf water potential
water potential
soil conservation
Spain
water content
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 1998, 12, 3; 155-165
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eliminating water erosion within the system of land sanation measures
Zwalczanie erozji wodnej w systemie zabiegów sanacji gruntów
Autorzy:
Koreleski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
zabiegi sanacji gruntów
erozja wodna
zwalczanie
soil sanation measures
water erosion
eliminating
Opis:
The paper defines the place of anti-erosional meliorations within the system land sanation (improvement) measures. It presents basic measures aimed at protecting soil against water erosion, taking into consideration the degree of their implementation urgency, and outlines the question of eliminating water erosion in spatial planning. Among anti-erosion measure, we can mainly enumerate activities of an agrotechnical and bioengineering character. From the technological perspective, these are primarily: anti-erosional crop rotation, anti-erosional field patterns, afforestation, biological and mechanical reinforcement of ravines and escarpments. Not only do they aim at restoring the imbalanced ecological systems (mainly agroecosystems) but they also intend to aptly shape physiographic elements (relief, soil, water regimes) as well as methods of land use, according to spatial planning regulations. Anti-erosional measures help in implementing the policies of sustainable development through land use rationalisation, taking into consideration the requirements of sozology.
W pracy określono miejsce melioracji przeciwerozyjnych w systemie zabiegów służących sanacji gruntów, przedstawiono podstawowe zabiegi służące ochronie gleb przed erozją wodną z uwzględnieniem stopnia pilności ich wykonania oraz zarysowano problematykę zwalczania erozji wodnej w zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym. W zakres zabiegów przeciwerozyjnych wchodzą prace głównie o charakterze agrotechnicznym i fitomelioracyjnym (bioinżynieryjnym). Z punktu widzenia technologicznego są to głównie: stosowanie płodozmianów przeciwerozyjnych i przeciwerozyjny układ pól, zalesianie, biologiczne i techniczne umacnianie wąwozów i skarp. Mają one na celu nie tylko sanację zachwianych układów ekologicznych (głównie agroekosystemów), ale także właściwe ukształtowanie elementów fizjograficznych (rzeźba, gleby - grunty, stosunki wodne) i sposobu użytkowania terenu zgodnie z ustaleniami planistycznymi. Zabiegi przeciwerozyjne służą wdrażaniu polityki rozwoju zrównoważonego poprzez racjonalizację wykorzystania przestrzeni, przy uwzględnieniu wymogów sozologii.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2007, 1, 4; 181-188
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental and economic effects of water and deflation destruction of steppe soil in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Dudiak, Nataliia
Pichura, Vitalii
Potravka, Larisa
Stratichuk, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
adaptive and landscape erosion control design
environmental and economic consequences
erodibility of soil
geomodeling
GIS-technologies
steppe zone
water erosion
wind erosion
Opis:
Water and wind erosion are the most powerful factors in the decrease of soil fertility and a threat to food security. The study was conducted on the steppe zone in Ukraine (total area of 167.4 thous. km2), including agricultural land (131.6 thous. km2). At the first stage, the modeling of spatial differentiation of water and wind erosion manifestations was carried out to calculate losses of soil (Mg∙ha–1) and to determine their degradation. At the second stage, soil-climatic bonitet of zonal soils (points) is carried out to determine their natural fertility (Mg∙ha–1). At the third stage, the spatial adjustment of the natural soil fertility to the negative effect of erosion was carried out. This made it possible to calculate crop losses and total financial losses due to water and wind erosion. The integrated spatial modeling showed that about 68.7% of arable land was constantly affected by the combined erosion, in particular the area of low eroded arable land (16.8%), and medium and highly eroded land (22.1%). Due to erodibility of soil, about 23.3% of agricultural land transferred from the category of high and medium quality to medium, low and very low quality, which is caused by the loss of soil fertility of up to 70%, crop losses of up to 1.93 Mg∙ha–1 ha–1 and eduction of agricultural income up to 390 USD∙ha–1. In the steppe region under the research, gross crop losses from erosion were up to 15.11 thous. Mg∙ha–1 (3.05 mln USD). In order to protect soils, improve fertility and increase crop yields in the steppe zone in Ukraine, the following measures were suggested: adaptive and landscape erosion control design with elements of conservation farming in accordance with the spatial differentiation of soil quality and extent of water erosion deflation danger.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 50; 10-26
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental aspects of soil surface sealing and compaction
Autorzy:
Debicki, R
Lipiec, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/802969.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
root system
soil erosion process
erosion
wind erosion
compaction
soil surface
environmental aspect
plant growth
physical degradation
irrigation water
Opis:
The paper presents some environmental impacts caused by two important factors of physical degradation of the soil, i.e., soil surface sealing/crusting phenomena and soil compaction. It can be concluded that despite numerous literature on the subject as well as the Authors' own data collected in model laboratory and field experiments, it is still difficult to judge to what extent the effects of those two processes are negative for both the soil environment and the plant growth.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1993, 400
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental aspects of soils and land use in Hungary
Autorzy:
Varallyay, G
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/796299.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
toxic element
soil fertility
land
mineral fertilizer
water erosion
Hungary
soil function
environment protection
environmental aspect
soil degradation process
crop production
future task
soil conservation
soil moisture
Opis:
Soils represent a considerable part of the natural resources of Hungary. Consequently, rational and sustainable land use and proper management ensuring normal soil functions have particular significance in the Hungarian national economy, and soil conservation is an important element of environment protection.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1993, 400
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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