Temat: vehicle emissions - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Exposure to Aerosols Particles on an Urban Road
Autorzy:: Piotrowicz, Adam
Polednik, Bernard
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125234.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: ambient air quality
vehicle emissions
particulate matter
health effects
Opis:: Traffic-related emissions, apart from emissions from fuel combustion for heating purposes, significantly deteriorate air quality in cities. The above mainly concerns areas located close to busy traffic routes. According to epidemiological studies, traffic-related emissions have an adverse health effect. This specifically affects commuters (drivers and car passengers) as well as pedestrians. The aim of this study was to determine the variations of particle number and mass concentrations along a busy road in Lublin, Poland and their impact on the particle exposure for commuters and pedestrians. On-route and fixed-site measurements were performed in the summer (June) with a focus on peak and off-peak traffic hours and road sections with low and high traffic intensity. During peak hours, the average number concentration of ultrafine particles (PN_0.1) in the road section near 4-way traffic intersections (TIs) was about 2 times higher than during off-peak hours. The average mass concentration of fine particles (PM_2.5) was also approximately twice as high than in off-peak hours. Similar relations were found for other measured aerosol particles as well as with respect to particle exposure. The obtained results indicate the need for further extended research on traffic-related emissions and exposure and the ways of limiting them.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 5; 27-34
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Impact of road geometry on vehicle energy consumption
Autorzy:: Luin, B.
Petelin, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375518.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:: traffic volume
energy
vehicle emissions
road geometry
natężenie ruchu
energia
emisja pojazdu
geometria drogi
Opis:: It has been shown that road geometry has a great impact on overall Energy consumption and emissions. Some roads connect traffic origins and destinations directly. On the other hand, some use winding, indirect routes. Indirect connections result in longer distances driven and increased fuel consumption. A similar effect is observed on congested roads and mountain roads with many changes in altitude. Therefore, we propose a framework to assess road networks based on energy consumption. This framework should take into consideration traffic volume, shares of vehicle classes, road geometry and energy needed for road operation and construction. It can be used to optimize energy consumption with efficient traffic management and to choose an optimum new road in the design phase. This is especially important as the Energy consumed by the vehicles soon supersedes the energy needed for road construction.
Źródło:: Transport Problems; 2017, 12, 2; 77-87
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:: Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Wpływ spalin transportu samochodowego na choroby wśród dzieci w systemie miejskim Lwowa
Autorzy:: Bey, Liliya
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763156.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:: health
morbidity
vehicle emissions
correlative and regression analysis
zdrowie
choroby
spaliny transportu samochodowego
analiza korelacyjna i regresyjna
Opis:: There is no abstract available for this language
W artykule określono aktualność tematyki oraz zaproponowano odpowiednią metodę badania. Scharakteryzowano rozpowszechnienie chorób wśród dzieci w mieście w latach 2000-2011, przeprowadzono analizę korelacyjną i regresyjną między spalinami transportu samochodowego a chorobami wśród dzieci w lwowskim urbosystemie.
Źródło:: Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio B – Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia; 2013, 68, 2
0137-1983
Pojawia się w:: Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio B – Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Evaluation of policies to reduce transportation pollution using system dynamics
Autorzy:: Manohar, G.
Devi, S. P.
Rao, K. S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208080.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: road transport
road pollutants
road transport emissions
vehicle emissions
transport drogowy
zanieczyszczenia drogowe
emisje motoryzacyjne
emisja komunikacyjna
emisja zanieczyszczeń komunikacyjnych
emisja zanieczyszczeń samochodowych
Opis:: Pollution caused by road transportation is the major factor affecting human health and adversely affecting the global warming. In the study, a system dynamics model has been applied to forecast vehicle emissions from road transport to evaluate policies in the transportation management. The proposed model was applied to evaluate and compare three transportation policy scenarios including road expansion, public transit incentive and enforcement of quality norms for vehicles. The pollution emission data is taken in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The pollution in the study area will increase substantially if no management plans are implemented. The impact of population increase on transportation pollution has also been considered. It was found that among the proposed policies, implementation of the transit incentive policy to adopt public transports and the implementation of Bharat Stage IV norms for vehicles proved to be efficient in reducing the transport pollution to a great extent.
Źródło:: Environment Protection Engineering; 2014, 40, 4; 143-153
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:: Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Traffic-related particle emissions and exposure on an urban road
Emisja cząstek ze źródeł komunikacyjnych w mieście
Autorzy:: Połednik, B.
Piotrowicz, A.
Pawłowski, L.
Guz, Ł.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205054.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: vehicle emissions
mobile monitoring
particle concentration
commuters
deposition dose
emisje motoryzacyjne
monitoring mobilny
stężenie cząstek
uczestnik ruchu drogowego
narażenie zdrowotne
dawka osadzająca
Opis:: Extensive aerosol particle concentrations are one of the factors contributing to poor air quality in cities. The aim of this study is to assess particle number and mass concentrations on a road in Lublin, Poland, in peak and off-peak traffic hours and its impact on the particle exposure for commuters and pedestrians. Mobile monitoring and fixed-site measurements on the sidewalk along the established 2.1 km long route were conducted with the use of Mobile Air Pollution Analytic Laboratory equipped, among other things, with instruments measuring the real-time number and mass concentrations of particles with size range from 10 nm to 32 μm. The highest average concentrations of ultrafine particle number PN_0.1 (25.4 ±11×10³ pt/cm³; mean ± standard deviation), total particle number PN (29.2 ±12×10³ pt/cm³) as well as mass concentrations of PM_2.5 (29.1 ±7.6 μg/m³) and PM₁₀ (45.4 ±10.3 μg/m³) were obtained in peak traffic hours for the part of the route with the most intensive traffic. The average particle number concentrations for the entire route and the part of route with the most intensive traffic in peak times were found to be about 3 to 4 times higher than in off-peak times. The average particle mass concentrations were about twice as high. Furthermore, the average values of the examined particle number and mass concentrations were higher for the on-road measurements than for fixed-site measurements. Moreover, a greater percentage of ultrafine particles was observed during mobile monitoring than in the fixed-site measurement points. It was established that a greater number and mass of particles, irrespectively of their size range, is deposited in the respiratory tract of commuters and pedestrians in peak hours than in off-peak hours. In peak times the average particle doses received by commuters and pedestrians equaled 4.8 ±2.4×10⁹ pt/h or 29.6 ±10.7 μg/h (PM₁₀) and 4.2 ±2.3×10⁹ pt/h or 29.6 ±8.6 μg/h (PM₁₀), respectively. Additionally, in both peak and off-peak hours greater particle doses were determined in the considered part of the route with the most intensive traffic; however, in off-peak traffic times pedestrians are more exposed to traffic-related pollutants than commuters. Overall, the obtained results reflect the importance of traffic-related particle emission measurements for exposure evaluations and the need of taking the actions aimed at decreasing it.
Celem pracy było określenie stężenia liczbowego i masowego cząstek na wybranych ulicach Lublina w godzinach szczytu oraz poza szczytem, a także ocena narażenia kierowców i pieszych na ich oddziaływanie. W ramach badań przeprowadzono zarówno pomiary mobilne, jak i stacjonarne w określonych punktach pomiarowych na trasie o długości 2,1 km. Mierzono w czasie rzeczywistym między innymi stężenia liczbowe i masowe cząstek o rozmiarach w zakresie od 10 nm do 32 μm. Najwyższe średnie koncentracje ultradrobnych cząstek PN_0.1 (25,4 ±11×10³ #/cm³) oraz koncentracje całkowitej liczby cząstek PN (29,2 ±12×10³ #/cm³), a także stężenia masowe PM_2.5 (29,1 ±7,6 μg/m³) oraz PM₁₀ (45,4 ±10,3 μg/m³) rejestrowano w godzinach szczytu na wydzielonym odcinku trasy o największej intensywności ruchu. Średnie koncentracje cząstek mierzone w godzinach szczytu dla całej trasy oraz dla wydzielonego odcinka były, w zależności od wielkości cząstek, ok. 3-4 razy większe w porównaniu do wyników pomiarów dla godzin pozaszczytowych. Z kolei średnie stężenia masowe cząstek były około dwa razy większe. Ponadto, większe średnie stężenia liczbowe i masowe cząstek odnotowano dla pomiarów mobilnych niż dla stacjonarnych. Wyznaczone dawki dotyczące liczby i masy cząstek deponowanych w drogach oddechowych kierowców w godzinach szczytu wynosiły odpowiednio 4,8 ±2,4×10⁹ #/h i 29,6 ±10,7 μg/h (PM₁₀). Zarówno dla godzin szczytu, jak i poza szczytem, większe dawki deponowanych cząstek uzyskano dla wydzielonego odcinka trasy o największej intensywności ruchu. Podsumowując, otrzymane wyniki wskazują na istotność pomiarów cząstek emitowanych ze źródeł komunikacyjnych, szczególnie w kontekście narażenia uczestników ruchu drogowego na te cząstki.
Źródło:: Archives of Environmental Protection; 2018, 44, 2; 83-93
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Assessment of vehicle emissions at roundabouts: a comparative study of PEMS data and microscale emission model
Autorzy:: Madziel, Maksymilian
Campisi, Tiziana
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173936.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: vehicle emissions
roundabouts
emission modeling
Portable Emission Measurement System
PEMS
transport system
private transport
emisja zanieczyszczeń
rondo
badania emisji zanieczyszczeń
system transportowy
transport prywatny
Opis:: Energy efficiency has a central role to play in achieving decarbonisation targets in the transport system by changing the demand for mobility (eg. by influencing on peoples behaviors) and improving the performance of the fleet. In recent years there has been an increase of use of private transport, partly due to the recent pandemic and the reduced choice of public transport. People's travel habits have changed in frequency and motivation due to the reduced number of seats on public transport, due to social distancing but also due to online education and teleworking. This increase of use private cars has led to an increase in environmental emissions as a result of the high proportion of vehicles with combustion engines in urban areas. The highest concentrations have been recorded at road intersections and in particular at roundabout configurations where there is a higher number of stop-and-go's overall. The increasing importance of air pollution from vehicle traffic has suggested that environmental considerations should be added to these aspects as a criterion for intersection design. Several studies in the literature analyze the environmental emissions generated by vehicle traffic using different methods such as on-site recording, mathematical modeling of dispersion phenomena, micro-simulation of vehicle traffic, use of appropriately equipped vehicles with sensors. This paper presents a comparison between the results obtained from the Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) and the results obtained from the VERSIT+ emission model. Specifically, using a Portable Emission Measurement Systems (PEMS) installed on a series of test cars, instantaneous CO2 and NOX emissions were measured on repeated trips along two-lane roundabout intersections. The study was carried out by examining a selected two-lane roundabout in the city of Rzeszow (Poland) using 9 different vehicles fueled by petrol, diesel, and LPG. The results show that the investigated VERSIT+ emission model used led to an inaccuracies in the calculation of CO2 and NOx emissions. Furthermore, current micro-scale emission models may not estimate emissions of harmful exhaust components with sufficient accuracy due to the specificities of roundabout driving. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of new emission models, adapted to the driving behavior of drivers appropriate for different infrastructure objects such as roundabouts
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2022, 63, 3; 35--51
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Urban electric vehicles: a contemporary business case
Miejskie pojazdy elektryczne: współczesny przypadek biznesowy
Autorzy:: Sadek, N.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375236.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:: pojazd elektryczny
pojazd o zerowej emisji spalin
efektywność energetyczna
przypadek biznesowy
pojazd alternatywny
electric vehicle
zero emissions vehicle
energy efficiency
business case
alternative vehicle
Opis:: In a world where energy supply security and environmental protection are major concerns, the development of green vehicles is becoming a necessity. The Electric vehicle (EV) is one of the most promising technologies that will make the "green dream" come true. This paper is a contemporary business case that encourages the immediate deployment of urban EVs. It proposes a model in which we can profit from the benefits of urban EVs namely, high energy efficiency, emissions reduction, small size and noise reduction. The model mitigates the EV potential limitations such as energy source, charging infrastructure, impact on electrical power system and cost issues. It also provides ideas to overcome the barriers of the technology application in order to speed up their commercialization. This study reveals that having an environmentally friendly vehicle can soon become a reality if our collaborative efforts are properly directed.
W świecie, w którym zabezpieczenie dostaw energii oraz ochrona środowiska to nasze główne problemy rozwój ekologicznych samochodów staje się koniecznością. Elektryczny Pojazd (EV) jest jedną z najbardziej obiecujących technologii, który sprawi, że "ekologiczny sen" się spełni. Niniejsza praca to współczesne studium przypadku biznesowego, który zachęca do natychmiastowego rozwijania miejskich samochodów elektrycznych EV. Oferuje on model, w którym można w pełni czerpać z korzyści miejskich samochodów elektrycznych EV a mianowicie z ich wydajności elektrycznej, redukcji emisji zanieczyszczeń, małych rozmiarów pojazdu oraz redukcji hałasu. Model ten łagodzi potencjalne ograniczenia dla EV, takie jak: źródła energii, zmiany infrastruktury, wpływ na system energii elektrycznej oraz kwestie finansowe. Dostarcza także pomysłów jak pokonać bariery technologicznych zastosowań celem przyspieszenia jego komercjalizacji. Badania dowodzą, że posiadanie pojazdu przyjaznego środowisku może wkrótce stać się rzeczywistością, jeśli nasze wspólne wysiłki zostaną prawidłowo ukierunkowane.
Źródło:: Transport Problems; 2012, 7, 2; 117-129
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:: Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Particle number measurements in the European legislation and future JRC activities
Autorzy:: Giechaskiel, B.
Lahde, T.
Suarez-Bertoa, R.
Clairotte, M.
Grigoratos, T.
Zardini, A.
Perujo, A.
Martini, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133557.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: vehicle emissions regulation
particle measurement programme
PMP
portable emission measurement system
PEMS
real driving emissions
RDE
periodical technical inspection
particle number
sub-23 nm
regulacja emisji spalin
program pomiaru cząstek
przenośne systemy pomiaru emisji
okresowa kontrola techniczna
liczba cząstek
rzeczywista emisja cząstek
Opis:: The solid particle number method was introduced in the European Union (EU) light-duty legislation for diesel vehicles to ensure the installation of the best-available technology for particles (i.e., wall-flow diesel particulate filters) without the uncertainties of the volatile nucleation mode and without the need of large investment for purchasing the equipment. Later it was extended to gasoline vehicles with direct injection engines, heavy-duty engines (both compression ignition and positive ignitions) and non-road mobile machinery engines. Real Driving Emissions (RDE) testing on the road with Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) for particle number (and NOx) during type approval and in-service conformity testing was recently (in 2017) introduced for light-duty vehicles, and is under discussion for heavy-duty vehicles in-service conformity testing. This paper will summarize the existing legislation regarding solid particle number and discuss the on-going activities at EU level. The main focus at the moment is on improving the calibration procedures, and extending the lower detection size below 23 nm with interlaboratory exercises. In parallel, discussions are on-going to introduce testing at low ambient temperature, regeneration emissions in the light-duty regulation, a particle limit for other technologies such as gasoline port-fuel injection vehicles, and the feasibility of particle measurements to L-category vehicles (mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles and minicars). A short overview of periodical technical inspection investigations and the situation regarding non-exhaust traffic related sources with special focus on brakes and tyres will be described.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2018, 57, 3; 3-16
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Directions in vehicle efficiency and emissions
Autorzy:: Johnson, T. V.
Joshi, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133977.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: greenhouse gases
vehicle emissions
regulations
engines
aftertreatment
NOx
diesel oxidation catalyst
selective catalytic reduction
diesel particulate filter
gasoline particulate filter
gazy cieplarniane
przepisy prawne
silniki
katalizator utleniania oleju napędowego
selektywna redukcja katalityczna
filtr cząstek stałych
Opis:: This paper provides a general review of light-duty (LD) and heavy-duty (HD) regulations, engine technology, and key emission control strategies. The US is placing a stronger emphasis on laboratory emissions, and the LD regulations are about an order of magnitude tighter than Euro 6, but Europe is focusing on real-world reductions. The California HD low-NO_x regulation is advancing and may be proposed in 2017/18 for implementation in 2023+. The second phase of US HD greenhouse gas regulations propose another 25-30% tightening beyond Phase 1, beginning in 2021. LD and HD engine technology continues showing marked improvements in engine efficiency. LD gasoline concepts are closing the gap with diesel. HD engines are demonstrating more than 50% BTE using methods that can reasonably be commercialized. LD and HD diesel NO_x technology trends are also summarized. NO_x storage catalysts and SCR combinations are the lead approach to meeting the LD regulations. Numerous advanced NO_x technologies are being evaluated and some promise for meeting the California HD low NO_x targets. Oxidation catalysts are improved for both diesel and methane oxidation applications. Gasoline particulate filters (GPF) are the lead approach to reducing particles from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. They reduce PAH emissions, and catalyzed versions can be designed for low back pressure. Regeneration largely occurs during hot decelerations.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 3; 3-8
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: A new ecological research : real driving emissions
Autorzy:: Pielecha, J
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Jacyna-Gołda, I.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242428.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
Real Driving Emissions
Opis:: In the assumptions, regarding to the transport policy both at the level of country and Europe there is the concept of sustainable development of transport. Warsaw University of Technology in cooperation with Poznan University of Technology performs research work concerning the shaping of environmentally friendly transport system – Project EMITRANSYS. In this project, one of the conditions is to reduce exhaust emissions by means of transport. The paper presents the reasons for the testing of the exhaust emissions under Real Driving Emissions testing (RDE). Research potential of Institute of Combustion Engines and Transport at Poznan University of Technology in the area of road testing of passenger and heavy-duty vehicles has been presented in the paper. Example test results have been shown in the aspect of the emission-related classification of vehicles. The major challenge of worldwide emission standards, engine operating parameters in various emissions tests, the test potential under real operating conditions, the view of the analyser for on-road emission testing of vehicles, the test results for road emission of CO, HC and NOx, detailed characteristics of the averaged particle number for the entire test run (vehicles with different mileage and different emission class) for: Euro 4 class and 75,000 km; Euro 4 class and 500,000 km; Euro 5 class and 75,000 km; Euro 5 class and 500,000 km are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 259-265
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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