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Wyszukujesz frazę "tetraploid" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Tetraploid triticale as a potential source of new variation for rye
Autorzy:
Łapiński, Bogusław
Rafalski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-06-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
chromosome translocation
introgression
rye
tetraploid triticale
Opis:
High crossability of tetraploid triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) with rye (Secale cereale L.) and relatively high fertility of the resulting hybrids make the triticale an attractive bridge species for introduction of wheat genes into rye breeding populations. It was found, with the use of in situ hybridization technique, that some 4x triticale materials bred in Radzików contain small wheat translocations, of both distal and intercalary type, into the rye 5R chromosome. The distal wheat translocation occupying less than 5% of the long arm was transferred into diploid rye, but a disomic line has not been established yet. Other wheat translocations of the chromosomes 1R and 5R were found in hybrids of 4x rye with 4x triticale. Besides the intergenomic crossing-over, at least one another mechanism of DNA rearrangements operated. Small intercalary two-dot signals of the wheat fluorescent probe were also found in one line on a rye chromosome different than 5R. Most puzzling was the „invisible” migration of wheat DNA to rye chromosomes, detectable on southern dot-blots, but not on the in situ slides. The wheat probe dot-blot signals were recorded for more than 1/3 of rye plants from the first back-cross of the 4x triticale × 2x rye hybrids to rye.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2003, 48; 25-35
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prospects and problems of hybrid rye breeding in Belarus.
Autorzy:
Hardzei, Stanislau
Urban, Ehroma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198887.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-08-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
breeding
diploid cultivars
gentypes
hybrid rye
tetraploid cultivars
Opis:
Polish F1 rye hybrids were tested in the field trials under Belarussian climatic conditions and compared to local varieties used as standards. Five-year investigations proofed that in spite of harder Belorussian winter conditions in comparison to these ones in Poland, winter-hardiness of hybrids was at the same level as of the population local standards. All hybrids were characterized by higher lodging resistance compared to standards, mainly due to lower plants height. One of the main problems which have to be solved is to find a reliable restorer. Use of population cultivars as pollinators so far was not resulted in a development of high-yielding hybrids. It is known that for P-CMS the genes of fertility restoration are scarce.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2003, 47; 29-31
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transfer of chromosomes of the A and B genomes of wheat to tetraploid rye
Autorzy:
Apolinarska, B
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2047251.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
chromosome transfer
translocation
rye
substitution
addition
tetraploid triticale
wheat
crossing
hybrid
B genome
A genome
tetraploid rye
Opis:
Tetraploid rye was crossed with different tetraploid triticale lines. The F₁ generation of tetraploid rye × tetraploid triticale hybrids was backcrossed with 4x rye. After backcrossing, all BC₁-F₁ plants were subjected to open pollination, whereas in the BC₁-F₂ generations only plants with wheat chromosomes in their karyotypes were open-pollinated. Substitution, addition and addition-substitution lines of wheat chromosomes in tetraploid rye were isolated from the F₂ and F₃ of BC₁. In 60 plants of BC₁-F₂, 59 chromosomes from the A genome and 9 from the B genome of wheat were recovered. The wheat chromosomes were monosomic except for five plants which were disomic, viz. 1A and 5A in two plants each, and a translocated 3AS/5AL in one plant. In 235 BC₁-F₃ plants, 174 wheat addition and substitution chromosomes were found, 143 from the A genome and 31 from the B genome. All wheat chromosomes except 3A from the A genome and four chromosomes from the B genome - 2B, 3B, 5B and 7B were recovered. The number of substitutions ranged from one to four per plant, only two plants having four. In the group of addition plants the number of added wheat chromosomes ranged from one to two, and in the case of addition-substitution plants — from two to four. Wheat chromosomes occurred in monosomic form, except 10 plants. Six substitution plants were disomic for 1 A, 2A, 5A, 7A, 2B and 3B, respectively. One was disomic for 1A and 5A in two addition plants. Two addition-substitution plants were double disomic: 1A and 5A - in one, and 1A and 3B in the other. In the BC₁-F₃ generation, 23 different translocations were found, four of which occurred between wheat chromosomes and the remaining 19 - between wheat and rye chromosomes. Translocated chromosomes were monosomic, except four plants. Two of them were disomic for 3AS/4RL, one for 4AS/4RS and one for 7AS/7RS. The fertility of both addition and substitution plants ranged from 0 to 38.0 seeds/spike, regardless of the chromosome number, with a mean of 9.61 seeds/spike. Plants with 28 chromosomes showed singnificantly higher fertility than plants with 29 and more chromosomes, except additoion plants with chromosomes 5A and 5B. The analysis of the influence of particular wheat chromosomes on plant fertility showed that both substitution and addition plants with chromosome 6A had the highest average fertility, while plants with chromosome 2B in substitution lines as well as plants with chromosome 2A in addition and addition-substitution lines had the lowest fertility.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1996, 37, 4; 345-356
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in diploid and tetraploid potato families. 3. Correlations between characters
Autorzy:
Swiezynski, K M
Domanski, L
Flis, B
Osiecka, M
Sieczka, M T
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2047151.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
tetraploid
Phytophthora infestans
resistance
tuber shape
potato
diploid
Opis:
In four diploid and four tetraploid families correlations were evaluated between resistance to Phytophthora infestans of leaflets, tuber slices and whole tubers as well as correlations between three aspects of resistance and maturity or tuber shape regularity. A virulent P. infestans isolate was used for inoculations. Only in the family D4 a significant positive correlation was found between all the three aspects of resistance. Genotypes with susceptible leaflets and resistant tuber slices were not identified in any family. In some families genotypes with resistant whole tubers and susceptible tuber slices were found; the family D5 was found to have genotypes in which resistance of leaflets was associated with susceptibility of tuber slices. The resistance to P. infestans of leaflets or tuber slices tended to be negatively correlated with both early maturity and regularity of tuber shape.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1997, 38, 2; 161-171
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in diploid and tetraploid potato families. 2. Resistance in tubers
Autorzy:
Swiezynski, K M
Flis, B
Osiecka, M
Sieczka, M T
Zarzycka, H
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046604.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Phytophthora infestans
tetraploid potato
genotype
resistance
potato
tuber
diploid potato
Opis:
The tuber reaction to Phytophthora infestans was evaluated in individual genotypes of four diploid and four tetraploid potato families, their parents and standard cultivars. The genotypes were tested several times. Two testing methods were used, based on evaluation of tuber slices or whole tubers, respectively. All inoculations were done with MP 245, a fungus isolate with a broad virulence spectrum. If the reaction of tuber slices was evaluated, the distribution of genotypes in several families deviated considerably from a normal one. In some distributions more than one peak was detectable, indicating segregation of major genes. Genotypes transgressive in resistance were found in four families. If the reaction of whole tubers was evaluated, the distribution of genotypes did not deviate significantly from a normal one. Genotypes transgressive in resistance were found in one family. The tuber reaction to P. infestans depended to a large extent on testing conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1997, 38, 1; 33-44
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Production of haploids in ancient, local and modern wheat by anther culture and maize pollination
Autorzy:
Gurtay, G.
Kutlu, I.
Avci, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
androgenesis
embryo rescue
haploidization
interspecific crosses
tetraploid and
hexaploid wheats
Opis:
Our study involved the first-ever evaluation of the performance of anther culture and wheat × maize hybridization techniques in producing haploids or doubled haploids as a result of spontaneous doubling of the chromosome number during androgenesis in plants from 30 wheat genotypes including ancient, local and modern types. The results indicated that the best induction rates of androgenic structures and haploid embryos for the hexaploid and tetraploid wheat genotypes were obtained with anther culture and wheat × maize hybridization, respectively. Whereas only one regenerated plant from 15 genotypes of tetraploid wheat was obtained, 13 plants were regenerated from 15 genotypes of hexaploid wheat. Moreover, haploid embryos obtained in wheat × maize hybridization 60 and 100% green plants regenerated in relation to the number of the cultured haploid embryos. Genotypes with high induction capacity to produce androgenic structure or haploid embryos did not have desired haploid plantlets regeneration capacity and vice-versa. However, with both methods, hexaploid wheat genotypes had a considerable ability to produce green plants. Doubled haploid plants were obtained from ancient and local wheat genotypes by both methods, but not from modern wheat. Those genotypes can be used as parents in future wheat breeding programs and new varieties may be obtained by selecting pure lines in wheat populations.
Źródło:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica; 2021, 63, 1; 43-53
0001-5296
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Professor Andrzej K. Tarkowski (1933-2016) – pioneer of mammalian experimental embryology
Autorzy:
Maleszewski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/702984.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mammalian embryo
isolated blastomeres
mouse chimaeras
parthenogenetic development
nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions
tetraploid embryos
Opis:
The article presents the main discoveries of Prof. Andrzej K. Tarkowski, which proved to be fundamental for modern mammalian developmental biology and also for progress in animal breeding and assisted reproduction. Among his achievements the most important are: the demonstration of regulative abilities of blastomeres isolated from early mammalian embryos, generation of first chimaeric mice, studies on mammalian parthenogenesis and establishment of blastomere electrofusion technique for production of tetraploid embryos. Studies on nucleo- cytoplasmic interactions in germ cells and early embryos contributed substantially to the development of mammalian cloning. Prof. Tarkowski’s work and discoveries provided a tremendous input to the contemporary developmental biology of mammals.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2017, 1
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in diploid and tetraploid potato families. 1. Resistance in detached leaflets
Autorzy:
Swiezynski, K M
Domanski, L
Osiecka, M
Sieczka, M T
Zarzycka, H
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046603.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
tetraploid potato
Phytophthora infestans
inoculation
genotype
resistance
potato
detached leaflet
diploid potato
Opis:
Potato families, segregating for resistance to Phytophthora infestans, were tested repeatedly to evaluate the distribution of resistance to P. infestans, the repeatability of testing results and correlation between resistance and some other characters. Four diploid and four tetraploid families were evaluated together with their parents and with potato cultivars used as standard. For all inoculations a virulent fungus isolate MP 245 was used. Leaflets were collected from plants growing in the field (summer tests) or in a glasshouse (autumn and spring tests). Segregation of major genes determining resistance was detectable in most families. In families originating from mating a resistant parent with a susceptible partner some progeny genotypes with resistance level of the resistant parent could be identified. In families originating from two parents showing only some resistance, a transgression of resistance could be found in the progeny. The expression of resistance depended on testing conditions. Some genotypes were consistently superior or inferior in resistance under all testing conditions, but often repeated evaluations of genotypes did not provide consistent results and significant interactions genotypes x tests were detectable.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1997, 38, 1; 19-32
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Meiosis and fertility of reciprocal triploid hybrids of Lolium multiflorum with Festuca pratensis
Autorzy:
Naganowska, B
Zwierzykowski, Z.
Zwierzykowska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041819.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Festuca pratensis
triploid hybrid
plant genetics
meiosis
grass
Lolium-Festuca hybrid
tetraploid form
diploid form
Lolium multiflorum
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 2001, 42, 3; 335-349
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Yields and quality of green forage from red clover di- and tetraploid forms
Plony i jakosc zielonki di- i tetraploidalnych form koniczyny czerwonej
Autorzy:
Zuk-Golaszewska, K
Purwin, C.
Pysera, B.
Wierzbowska, J.
Golaszewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
yield
quality
green forage
red clover
diploid form
tetraploid form
macronutrient concentration
nutritive value
chemical composition
green matter
Opis:
The purpose of the study has been to determine the yield, chemical composition and nutritive value of green forage from di- and tetraploid forms of red clover grown in different seed density regimes. The yield of green forage was analysed in the first year of full use, in 2003 and 2004, having cut the plants in the early inflorescence phase (1st cut). In green forage samples, the following were determined: basic chemical composition, concentration of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), fibre fractions (NDF, ADF and ADL) and macronutrients (P, K, Mg, Ca, Na). The nutritive value of green forage was expressed according to the INRA 1988 system. The yield of green matter from the tetraploid cultivars Bona and Jubilatka was higher than from the diploid cultivars Krynia and Parada. The cultivar Bona distinguished itself by its highest average yield of green matter, dry matter, total protein and net energy. The dry matter content was the most variable green forage quality characteristic. In both years, green forage from the diploid cultivars contained more dry matter than the one made from the tetraploid varieties. At the same time, seed density did not have any significant influence on the differentiation of green forage yields. Green forage from the two diploid cultivars was characterised by a similar energy and protein value and a better fill unit value (better potential intake by ruminants). The concentrations of phorphorus, potassium and calcium in green forage from the diploid forms were slightly higher compared to the tetraploid forms, unlike the level of magnesium, which was slightly lower. Irrespectively of the polidy level, the concentration of macronutrients, except phosphorus, was higher in the first year of the study. Considering the nutritional requirements of animals, green forage from the analysed red clover cultivars was characterised by an inadequate level of magnesium, deficient amount of sodium and an improper Ca:P ratio. The results suggest that diploid forms of red clover can potentially generate a higher nutrititive value than tetraploid ones.
Celem badań było określenie plonowania oraz składu chemicznego i wartości pokarmowej zielonki di- i tetraploidalnych odmian koniczyny czerwonej uprawianej z zastosowaniem różnej gęstości siewu nasion. Plon zielonki analizowano w pierwszym roku pełnego użytkowania w latach 2003 i 2004, po skoszeniu roślin w fazie początku kwitnienia (I pokos). W próbach zielonki oznaczono podstawowy skład chemiczny, zawartość cukrów rozpuszczalnych w wodzie (WSC), frakcje włókna (NDF, ADF i ADL) i makroelementy (P, K, Mg, Ca, Na). Wartość pokarmową zielonki wyrażono według systemu INRA 1988. Plon zielonej masy odmian tetraploidalnych Bona i Jubilatka był wyższy niż odmian diploidalnych Krynia i Parada. Wyróżniała się odmian Bona, dla której stwierdzono najwyższy średni plon zielonej masy, suchej masy, białka ogólnego i energii netto. Cechą jakościową zielonki o największej zmienności była zawartość suchej masy. W obu latach użytkowania zielonka odmian diploidalnych miała wyższą zawartość suchej masy niż zielonka odmian tetraploidalnych. Jednocześnie gęstość siewu nasion nie miała istotnego wpływu na zróżnicowanie plonów zielonki. W przypadku zielonki odmian diploidalnych stwierdzono zbliżoną wartość energetyczną i białkową oraz korzystniejszą wartość wypełnieniową (większa możliwością pobrania przez przeżuwacze). Poziom fosforu, potasu i wapnia w zielonkach odmian diploidalnych był nieznacznie wyższy, a magnezu niższy w porównaniu z odmianami tetraploidalnymi. Niezależnie od poziomu ploidalności odmian koncentracja makroelementów, z wyjątkiem fosforu, była wyższa w pierwszym roku badań. Uwzględniając wymagania pokarmowe zwierząt, zielonka badanych odmian koniczyny miała odpowiedni poziom magnezu, niedoborową ilość sodu oraz niewłaściwy stosunek Ca:P. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że odmiany diploidalne koniczyny czerwonej mają możliwości osiągania wyższej wartości pokarmowej niż odmiany tetraploidalne.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2010, 15, 4; 757-770
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resistance of potato tubers to Phytophthora infestans evaluated in laboratory tests and field trials
Autorzy:
Rogozina, Elena V.
Patrikeyeva, Maria V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198858.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
advanced potato clone
field trial
Phytophthora infestans
tetraploid interspecific hybrid
tuber resistance
tuber slices assay
whole tubers assay
Opis:
Thirty potato genotypes of different maturity were evaluated for tuber blight resistance both under laboratory and field conditions. From 2000 to 2003 replicated experiments were conducted with three potato cultivars registered in Russia and 27 tetraploid interspecific hybrids that were generated at VIR. Each genotype was assessed twice using laboratory tests, and its resistance was evaluated every year in a field trial. The results showed that four hybrid clones: 88-2, 95-23-3, 97-152-6 and 97-162-5 exhibited a superior performance of tuber resistance to Phytophthora infestans both in laboratory tests and field trials. Two cultivars and 10 hybrid clones were found susceptible to infection in all tests. Significant differences between the remaining 14 genotypes in tuber slice resistance, whole tuber resistance and the expression of resistance to tuber blight in the field were observed.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 147-154
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Meiosis and fertility in spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis [Huds.]
Autorzy:
Wisniewska, H
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048194.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Festuca pratensis
grain
fertility
Lolium perenne
plant genetics
pollination
chromosome configuration
spontaneous tetraploid
germination
Lupinus luteus
colchicine
meiosis
chromosome pairing
polyploidization
Opis:
The paper is the second part of the studies on spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis, morphological characters of which were given in the previous article (WIŚNIEWSKA 1994). This paper deals with meiosis in PMCs of spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis and their F₁ progeny (2n=28) and describes the fertility of these plants in comparison to that of the colchitetraploid cv. Westa and diploid cv. Skrzeszowicka. Different chromosome parings were found in three spontaneous tetraploids. In tetraploid 4/2, most frequently quidrivalents (5.72 IV per 1 PMC) were observed, whereas in tetraploids 465/2 and 534/2, bivalents were prevailing (5.36 and 5.65 II per cell, respectively). The rest of chromosomes remained as univalents, formed trivalcnts and uncountable chromosome associations. Spontaneous tetraploid plants had dehiscent anthers and a high pollen grain fertility (from 78.0 to 94.5%). The degree of seed setting at self-pollination in these plants was low. However, at open pollination, they set a little less seeds than the diploid cv. Skrzeszowicka and the cv. Westa. The plant Si obtained from selfed of spontaneus tetraploids were all tetraploids (2n=28). Seeds obtained from open pollination of spontaneous tetraploids, gave rise to 160 plants of F₁ and all were also tetraploid. No large differences in chromosome pairing.were observed in plants of F₁. At metaphase I a predominant number of bivalents (from 4.72 to 6.05 II) and a smaller number of quadrivalents (from 3.96 to 4.63 IV), were observed. All the plants of F₁ and S₁ generations had dehiscent anthers. Pollen grain viability of Fi plants was high (88.0-90.0%) and similar to that of the parental forms (78.0-89.5%) in the same year of the studies. The average seed setting of all studied F₁ plants at self-pollination ranged from 0.15 to 0.22%, being lower than that of the parental forms. At open pollination it ranged from 34.2 to 36.0%, which was higher than or similar to that of the parental forms in the same year.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1995, 36, 3; 205-213
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przenoszenie zmiennosci genetycznej wybranych cech z ziemniaka diploidalnego na poziom tetraploidalny w Instytucie Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roslin w latach 1996-2005
Autorzy:
Jakuczun, H
Wasilewicz-Flis, I
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/798593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
hodowla roslin
zmiennosc genetyczna
ziemniaki
mieszance miedzygatunkowe
krzyzowanie interploidalne
tetraploidy
diploidy
plant breeding
genetic variability
potato
interspecific hybridization
interploid crossing
tetraploid
diploid
Opis:
Within the years 1996-2005 at Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, Research Division Młochów genetic variation of 2x potato was being transferred into 4x level in interploidy crosses 4x-2x. In eight crossing cycles 233 combinations of 4x progenies were obtained. Out of them 57 were used in tetraploid parental breeding lines. They were obtained among 16 diploid donors of new alleles of chosen traits and 23 tetraploid females. Efficiency of seed setting in these crosses ranged from 0.9 to 171.0 seeds per berry. As a result of selection and comparative analysis among the progenies originating from 4x-2x crosses and standard 4x-4x progenies, 2x clones were distinguished as perspective parents for tetraploid breeding. They were as follows: HT/HZ 84-PH 151, DG 88-89, DW 88-4556, DG 93-332 and DG 97-943 for processing; DG 88-89 and DW 88- 4556 for table use; HT/HZ 84-PH 151 for high starch content; DG 91-234 for resistance to Phytophthora infestans and DG 88-9 for resistance to Erwinia carotovora.
W IHAR w Młochowie w latach 1996-2005 zmienność genetyczną ziemniaka 2x przekazywano na poziom 4x w krzyżowaniach interploidalnych 4x-2x. W ośmiu cyklach krzyżowań otrzymano 233 kombinacje potomstw 4x, z których w syntezie materiałów wyjściowych wykorzystano 57 pochodzących z przekrzyżowania 16 klonów 2x, będących donorami nowych alleli wybranych cech, z 23 matecznymi formami 4x. Efektywność wiązania nasion w tych krzyżowaniach zróżnicowana była od 0,9 do 171,0 nasion/jagodę. W wyniku przeprowadzonej selekcji oraz analiz porównawczych pomiędzy potomstwami pochodzącymi z krzyżowań 4x-2x a potomstwami wzorcowymi 4x-4x wyróżniono klony 2x perspektywiczne w hodowli ziemniaka tetraploidalnego w kierunkach: przydatnych do przetwórstwa (HT/HZ 84-PH 151, DG 88-89, DW 88-4556, DG 93-332, DG 97- 943), przydatnych do bezpośredniej konsumpcji (DG 88-89, DW 88-4556), o podwyższonej zawartości skrobi (HT/HZ 84-PH 151), odpornych na Phytophthora infestans (DG 91-234) i odpornych na Erwinia carotovora (DG 88-9).
Źródło:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2006, 511, 1; 131-140
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rooting shoots of apple varieties and their tetraploids obtained by the in vitro technique
Autorzy:
Podwyszyńska, M.
Cieślińska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11888859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
plant breeding
Malus domestica
Free Redstar cultivar
Gala Must cultivar
Pinova cultivar
Red Chief cultivar
plant cultivar
fruit tree
apple tree
shoot rooting
in vitro method
tetraploid
Opis:
For breeding purposes, the number of neo-tetraploids of apple cultivars have been derived by in vitro technique. The first attempts at rooting and acclimatization of tetraploid shoots failed. The aim of the study was to develop an effective method for rooting microcuttings of apple neo-tetraploids. In the first stage of the study, in vitro rooting method was optimized for the shoots of diploid donor cultivars. Shoots were rooted on Murashige and Skoog [1962] (MS) medium with a reduced content of nitrogen, in the presence of auxins alone or in combination (indole-3-butyric acid – IBA, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid – NAA and indole- -3-acetic acid – IAA) with addition of putrescine, arginine or ornithine. The compounds were applied continuously for 25 days (one-step rooting system) or for seven days with subsequent transplanting shoots onto a medium without these compounds (two-step rooting method). Tetraploid microcuttings of the cultivars ‘Free Redstar’, ‘Gala Must’, ‘Pinova’ and ‘Redchief’ were evaluated for rooting on the selected medium considered optimal for their diploid counterparts. The shoots of all diploid apple scion cultivars had low rooting capacity. IBA alone poorly stimulated root formation. Significant improvement of rooting to 60–80% was achieved through the application of auxins, 2.5 µM IBA or 1.3 µM NAA combined with 5 µM IAA and 50 µM putrescine in the two-step rooting system with darkness and increased temperature of 26°C during seven-day induction phase. The replacement of benzyladenine (BA) by meta-Topolin (m-T) in the last multiplication subculture influenced positively shoot acclimatization. Tetraploids had comparable or slightly lower rooting and acclimatization ability compared to their diploid counterparts.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2018, 17, 1; 49-62
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Applications of recent advances at the Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research in cytogenetics of the Lolium-Festuca complex
Autorzy:
Humphreys, M W
Thomas, H M
King, I P
Morgan, W G
Meredith, M R
Harper, J A
Humphreys, M O
Bettany, A J E
Dalton, S J
James, A R
Ougham, H J
Thomas, H
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046675.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
RNA
in situ
tissue culture
gene transfer
chromosome segment
anther culture
androgenesis
plant breeding
introgression mapping
fluorescence
hybridization
Lolium-Festuca complex
drought resistance
gene isolation
tetraploid hybrid
DNA
meiosis
grass
chromosome behaviour
Opis:
Recent advances at Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research (Aberystwyth, U.K.) in cytogenetics of the Lolium/Festuca complex places us in the advantageous position of being able to map genes of agronomic importance onto chromosome arms using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The ability to physically map genes leads to the capability for "dissecting" quantitative traits into their different components and will lead to better understanding of the complex physiological processes involved and the identification of their genetic control. By tagging genes of interest, using molecular and morphological markers, it will be possible to select and combine suites of desirable genes in a single genotype and thus produce novel cultivars by conventional breeding procedures. Programmes for introgression depend on the relationships between species and on levels of chromosome pairing. Phylogenetic relationships within the Lolium/Festuca complex are being determined using both genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and FISH. With recent advances in genetic manipulation within the Lolium/Festuca complex, opportunities now arise for gene transfer from Lolium and Festuca species into other important agricultural crops.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1997, 38, 3; 273-284
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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