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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Prodico al bivio. Ancora sull’antilogia
    Prodicus at the Crossroads. Once Again on the Antilogy
    Autorzy:
    Giombini, Stefania
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/938280.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Prodicus
    Antilogy
    Xenophon
    Heracles
    Horai
    Sophists
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to analyze the tale of Heracles at the Crossroads, attributed to Prodicus by Socrates in Xenophon’s Memorabilia, through the notion of antilogy. The apologue has got an antilogic structure that is immediately outlined in the description of the situation in which the young Heracles finds himself. But the text, seemingly antilogic, does not develop itself according to one of the most important rules of antilogies, i.e., the epistemic parity of two speeches, since it appears to be completely in favor of just one of the theses. Prodicus would have had no interest in writing a text that did not demonstrate his rhetorical and linguistic abilities. According to this perspective, Xenophon’s version of Heracles at the Crossroads does not seem to be the original version by Prodicus, as can be seen by analyzing its structure and properties.
    Źródło:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua; 2017, 8, 1; 187-200
    2082-7539
    Pojawia się w:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Culture and Philosophy. Hegel on the Sophists
    Autorzy:
    Mielczarski, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/702725.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    HEGEL GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH
    SOPHISTS
    Opis:
    Hegel was the first modern thinker that appreciated the sophists' role in the intellectual history of mankind. Without consideration of their teachings as philosophy, he nevertheless emphasized the cultural role of their tendency to consider things from various points of view and to look for the sources of law and morality.
    Źródło:
    Meander; 2005, 60, 2; 213-219
    0025-6285
    Pojawia się w:
    Meander
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rhetoric: a Theory of Political Lie or the Essence of Politics? Reflections on the Thought of the Sophists, Hannah Arendt, and Jacques Derrida
    Autorzy:
    Mielczarski, Cyprian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450153.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
    Tematy:
    rhetoric
    the sophists
    relativism
    political deception
    totalitarianism
    Opis:
    This paper offers an outline of practical and theoretical relations between truth and rhetoric. A point of departure for considerations to follow are philosophical theories of the sophists, Plato, and Aristotle as well as modern commentators of political rhetoric. I argue that the predominantly rhetorical nature of contemporary culture is inextricably bound up with the controversial issue of political deception, its definition and function. I refer to the theories of Hannah Arendt and Jacques Derrida pertaining to the following issues: a relation between acting and lying, mass deception, and self–deception in totalitarian states. I further propose that classical ethics developing from Plato, Aristotle and Kant fails as a basis for the analysis of political and social processes in democratic societies. Key to grasping these processes is rhetoric – as an art of persuasion – which has nothing to do with the traditional true–false dichotomy.
    Źródło:
    Organon; 2018, 50; 147-163
    0078-6500
    Pojawia się w:
    Organon
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sophist, Aristotle, and Stoic: Three Concepts of Ancient Rhetoric
    Autorzy:
    Jaroszyński, Piotr
    Rolstone, Lindael
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057124.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-30
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    rhetoric
    Sophists
    Aristotle
    Stoics
    persuasion
    antiquity
    Opis:
    This study examines the concepts of rhetoric used in ancient times, using a process of research based upon “Interpretivist research Philosophy”. Common thinking among rhetoricians and philosophers in general argues that one concept of rhetoric was utilized. this paper argues that there were at least three concepts of rhetoric known in Antiquity. each was unique in its own right and contributed to what was to be a new body of knowledge. research conclusions stem from a study of the works of ancient authors, including Plato and Aristotle, and from schools of philosophies, including the writings of Stoics and Sophists. the reviewed literature supports the thesis presented in this paper that at least three concepts of rhetoric were known and used.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2022, 11, 1; 59-87
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Funkcja i znaczenie prologu w „Protagorasie” Platona (Prot. 309A– 316A)
    The Function and Importance of the Prologue in the Plato’s „Protagoras”
    Autorzy:
    Głodowska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648661.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Platonic dialogue
    Socrates
    sophists
    Attic comedy
    dramatic scene
    Opis:
    Plato’s Protagoras belongs to the most read and analyzed works of the philosopher. Interest is aroused not only by the content of the work, but also by its form: diligent composition, elaborate descriptions of characters and dramatic nature of separate scenes, although the work belongs to the group of narrative dialogues. The aim of this article is to analyze the prologue of Protagoras, which consists of five scenes (309a–316a), to answer the question what function they have and how important role they play in this dialogue.
    Źródło:
    Collectanea Philologica; 2019, 22; 5-32
    1733-0319
    2353-0901
    Pojawia się w:
    Collectanea Philologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    L’anima, il triangolo e la virtù. Sulla figura del paragone implicito nel Menone di Platone
    Soul, Triangle and Virtue. On the Figure of Implicit Comparison in Plato’s Meno
    Autorzy:
    Palumbo, Lidia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/938272.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Plato
    sophists
    mimetic art
    visual writing
    teaching
    philosophy and geometry
    Opis:
    Plato’s dialogues can be regarded as the most important documents of the extraordinary mimetic power of visual writing, i.e., writing capable of “showing” and “drawing images” by using words only. Thanks to the great lesson of the Attic theater, Plato makes his readers see: when reading the dialogues, they see not only the characters talking but owing to the visual power of mimetic writing, they also see that which the characters are actually talking about. There are numerous rhetorical devices employed by Plato the writer that make this visual rendering of philosophy possible. In this text, I would like to bring an example from the Meno that illustrates the visual power of an implicit comparison. By “implicit comparison”, I mean the special kind of comparison that is not presented explicitly and fully in the text but that the text merely evokes and that, once evoked, contributes to determining the formation of the image.
    Źródło:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua; 2017, 8, 1; 201-212
    2082-7539
    Pojawia się w:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Protagoras i Gorgiasz we współczesnych mass mediach
    Protagoras and Gorgias in Contemporary Mass Media
    Autorzy:
    Jęczeń, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2040435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    sofiści
    mass media
    relatywizm
    retoryka
    nihilizm
    Sophists
    relativism
    rhetoric
    nihilism
    Opis:
    Metody sofistów cieszyły się dużym zainteresowaniem młodych ludzi, zwłaszcza w sferze życia moralnego. Protagoras nie opowiadał się bezpośrednio za obiektywną prawdą, za dobrem czy złem, sprawiedliwością czy niesprawiedliwością. Uczył tylko metody, za pomocą której zwycięży argument, na którym nam zależy. Nieważne, jaka jest treść naszej wypowiedzi, ważne jest, aby ona zwyciężyła. Najsłabszy argument w dyskusji, mało prawdopodobny, a nawet nieprawdziwy, może zwyciężyć dzięki odpowiedniej technice używania słowa i zręczności. W cywilizacyjnym rozwoju człowieka owa technika używania słowa i ludzka zręczność przybierały różne formy. Najczęściej jednak służyły relatywizmowi w ludzkim myśleniu i działaniu. W mniejszym stopniu ogarniał człowieka nihilizm, którego przedstawicielem był Gorgiasz. Zanegowanie jakiejkolwiek prawdy, radykalny rozdział pomiędzy myślą, słowem i bytem znajdował w każdej epoce dziejów małą reprezentację. Poglądy sofistów osłabiały niegdyś i osłabiają dziś znaczenie prawdy w życiu człowieka, a tylko ona, jak mówi współczesny nam filozof Karol Wojtyła stanowi o człowieczeństwie i godności każdego człowieka.
    Until not so long Sophists' methods were very popular among young people, particularly the ones regarding moral life. Protagoras did not directly advocate for objective truth, for the good or evil, for justice and injustice. He only taught methods for winning disputes with the argument one was concerned about. The content of the statement itself was of no importance; argument's victory was the ultimate goal. Even the weaskest, unlikelely or simply untrue argument in the discussion can win given that the proper technique and skills in use of words are applied. Along human civilization development, this word-use technique and verbal dexterity have assumed different forms. First and foremost they have served the purpose of relativism in human thinking and acting. Man was gripped with nihilism to a lesser extent; Gorgias was a representative of nihilism. Negation of any truth, radical separation of thoughts, words and being has been present in every era and has had its small-scale representation. The Sophists' views have weakened and still weaken the importance of truth in human life. And only the truth, as the contemporary philosopher Karol Wojtyła says constitutes humanity and every human being's dignity.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Teologiczne; 2015, 62, 10; 79-93
    2353-7272
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sofistyczna antylogika – wprowadzenie w problematykę
    The Sophistic Method of Antilogic – Introduction to the Problem
    Autorzy:
    Nerczuk, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52405139.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    filozofia starożytna
    sofistyka
    Protagoras
    antylogika
    ancient philosophy
    the Sophists
    antilogic
    Opis:
    The article discusses the sophistic method of “antilogic” (“double arguments”, “contrasting arguments”, “opposed speeches”, “two-fold arguments”). The main goal is to show that it is a method that, in the light of the doctrine presented in Plato’s Theaetetus, is based on philosophical foundations. The work of G.B. Kerferd was crucial for the research on the art of antilogic, as it broke with the unequivocally negative understanding of this method adopted by the earlier research tradition. Late testimonies of Diogenes Laertius, Clement of Alexandria, Seneca and Eudoxus point to Protagoras of Abdera as the creator and promoter of the antilogic. These testimonies are confirmed by references to the method of “opposed speeches” contained in the comedies of Aristophanes, in the tragedies of Euripides and in the anonymous treatise Dialexeis. Plato’s report on the doctrine attributed to Protagoras in the Theaetetus reveals the philosophical context of the antilogic. The so-called “secret doctrine”, based on the acceptance of appearances and of the privacy of perceptions (man-measure doctrine), the rejection of truth and falsehood, and acceptance of the contradictory judgments results from the new vision of reality in flux. Therefore, the “secret doctrine” presents a consistent and coherent project leading to a new concept of logic and language and lays the foundations for the method of “double arguments”.
    Źródło:
    Collectanea Philologica; 2023, 26; 11-22
    1733-0319
    2353-0901
    Pojawia się w:
    Collectanea Philologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pytanie Eutyfrona. U źródeł teologii filozoficznej i religii naturalnej
    Eutyphro Dilemma. At the root of philosophical theology and natural religion
    Autorzy:
    Chlewicki, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/546252.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Religioznawcze
    Tematy:
    philosophical theology
    natural religion
    Plato
    Socrates
    sophists
    greek enlightenment
    Opis:
    The question asked by Socrates in Plato’s Eutyphro: ’Is the pious dear to the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is dear to the gods?’ can be understood as symbol of a growing tension between religion and philosophy (faith and reason). Additionally, this question is linked to a crucial issue of morality’s foundations because a question ‘what is pious?’ can be interpretated as a question ‘what is morally right?’ in particular religion. Socrates’ question about the meaning of piety not only is important itself but also because of its reason and consequences. It represents the beginning of the process that lead to conclusion that only reason can decide what is pious. This conclusion is an essential feature of the Western thought because it was underlying philosophical theology evolving since Antiquity and natural religion born in Modern Age. The platonic paradigma that only the Good can be divine is applied to both of them. The question I raised in my article has ancient origin. Nevertheless, it is universal and transhistorical question, important for Modern World.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Religioznawczy; 2019, 1/271
    1230-4379
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Religioznawczy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Z rodowodu klasycznego prawa naturalnego
    From the origin of classical natural law
    Autorzy:
    Szadok-Bratuń, Aleksandra
    Bratuń, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/911253.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-09-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    natural law versus positive law
    sophists
    Socrates
    Plato
    Aristotle
    Opis:
    The issue of natural law has been mentioned by almost all philosophers of law, from the classical ones of ancient Greece to contemporary postmodernists, and is presented in various ways. In compliance with Cicero’s observation that “history is the herald of the future” we have attempted to go back to the sources and to start our considerations ab ovo. The historical review does not address systematically the issue discussed here, and only serves to properly explain what natural law in a classical reflection of ius naturale is. Therefore, our approach to the classical natural law has been narrowed down to three selected sophists, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, and their views of ius naturale in opposition to ius positivum have been briefly outlined. The article consists of two parts: the first one entitled From Heraclitus to Socrates and the second entitled From Plato to Aristotle. The first part presents sophists’ views on the law of nature. It is worth noting that sophists did not analyse the essence of the law of nature; they were primarily interested in the relationship of the law of nature to positive law. Thus Socrates, by deriving the existence of universal and unchanging laws from human nature, gave birth to the doctrine of natural law with unchanging content. The second part contains the views of Plato and Aristotle on the question of the law of nature. Plato is considered to have discovered the ideal trend of natural law, although in his dialogues the term “law of nature” is not found. It was the theory of Plato’s ideas that became the model for the concept of lex aeterna as an arrangement of divine ideas. Whereas, Aristotle distinguished two types of good that law puts before man, and accepts them as the basis for the dichotomous division of laws. He described good that is indifferent to man, which due to specific circumstances becomes the object of his desire, as positive law. Good that is closely related to the nature of man, which is always and everywhere the object of his desire, is good indicating the natural law.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2019, 3, 27; 9-27
    2300-3936
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nature, Man and Logos: An Outline of the Anthropology of the Sophists
    Autorzy:
    Nerczuk, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010381.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    ancient Greek philosophy
    Presocratics
    the sophists
    anthropology
    theory of cognition
    rhetoric
    Opis:
    The paper aims at reconstructing the fundamentals of the sophistic anthropology. Contrary to the recognized view of the humanistic shift which took place in the sophistic thought, there is evidence that the sophists were continuously concerned with the problems of philosophy of nature. The difference between the sophists and their Presocratic predecessors was that their criticism of the philosophical tradition and the transformative answers given to the old questions were the basis and the starting point of the “ethical” and “rhetorical” part of their intellectual activity. This naturalistic perspective is reflected in their research in the field of medicine and biology, in the discussion about “the human nature”, and in their interest in the individual physiological and mental conditions, which determine the state of the human body and the behaviour of a man. The sophists pioneered in linguistic, rhetorical, and philological studies. To enhance the power of persuasion, they investigated how various mental conditions influenced cognitive processes and physiological reactions. Thus they started a thorough examination of the human psyche, initiating the field of psychology. Although the originality of the sophists in each of the aforementioned aspects is undeniable, a complete picture of the sophists can only be achieved by examining the sources of their thought: the Presocratic philosophical tradition, Hippocratic medicine, and earlier literary tradition.
    Źródło:
    Kultura i Edukacja; 2016, 2(112); 43-52
    1230-266X
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultura i Edukacja
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Alētheia in Gorgias of Leontini. An Excerpt from the History of Truth
    Autorzy:
    Leeten, Lars
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28408713.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Gorgias of Leontini
    sophists
    history of truth
    alētheia
    Pindar
    Encomium of Helen
    Opis:
    It is often assumed that the concept of alētheia, or ‘truth’, in Gorgias of Leontini belongs to the art of rhetoric. Along these lines, it is usually understood as an aesthetic concept or even a mere ‘adornment’ of speech. In this paper, it is argued, by contrast, that Gorgianic alētheia is a definable criterion of speech figuring in the practice of moral education. While the ‘truth’ of a logos indeed has to be assessed on aesthetic grounds, the underlying concept of alētheia is predominantly ethical. For Gorgias, speech is ‘true’ when it promotes virtue (aretē) by being expressive of virtue. The principle stated in the opening passage of the Encomium of Helen, that a speaker has ‘to praise what is praiseworthy and to blame what is blameworthy’, explains precisely this understanding of alētheia.
    Źródło:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua; 2022, 13, 1; 45-64
    2082-7539
    Pojawia się w:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Motywy nowelistyczne w Żywotach Sofistów Filostratosa
    Novelistic Motifs of Philostratus’ Vitae Sophistarum
    Autorzy:
    Szarmach, Marian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127727.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    druga sofistyka
    Filostratos
    Żywoty Sofistów
    Second Sophistic
    Philostratus
    Lives of the Sophists
    Opis:
    In his Vitae Sophistarum (Lives of the Sophists) Philostratus the Elder many times draws on the “novelistic motifs,” embroiling his heroes in them. For instance, we find several of them in the biography of Herodes Atticus (II, 1). This is a story about a wise muscleman Agathion, a story about the sources of Herodes’ legendary wealth, or a story about the misfortunes of his family. The story about the death of Polemon of Laodicea (I, 15) is similar to the story of Labienus in Seneca the Rhetor (Contr. X, praef. 7). Scopelianus’ adventures (I, 21) remind us the scenes from the New Comedy. Philostratus appears in the Lives of the Sophists as a master of words, who seems to be more interested in art than historical truth. Therefore one should be very careful when dealing with his text.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2007, 54-55, 3; 131-139
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Socrate, questo sconosciuto
    The Unknown Socrates
    Autorzy:
    Rossetti, Livio
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/938477.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    acrasia
    elenchos
    Menander
    Nietzsche
    Plato
    Socrates
    Sophists
    Zopyrus
    enkrateia
    philosophy
    communication
    Kierkegaard
    logos protreptikos
    Opis:
    The first part of the present paper argues against any attempts to find a set of fixed points of a doctrine that could be ascribed to Socrates. The main thesis of the article has it that Socrates was part of a cultural movement that was marked by a tendency to rather raise questions than merely provide answers and boast about having a number of doctrines or doxai of their own. The second part of the paper concentrates on a number of memorable innovations that eventually constituted Greek culture, e.g., the idea that it is possible and desirable to be in full control of oneself and, consequently, to shoulder responsibility for one’s deeds rather than merely avoid and deny it. Thus, Socrates and ancient Socratic literature are shown here to be a probable source of numerous ideas that the western civilization has built on for centuries, these being, for instance, the idea of the limits of our powers. Hence, the conclusion of the article is that it would be a serious mistake to exclude Socrates from this major cultural development, even though the thinker did produce neither a theory nor a body of theories.
    Mentre la prima rivista polacca di filosofia antica inizia le pubblicazioni, è per me unonore e una sfida riprendere, sulle sue pagine, il tema Socrate e fare ancora un tentativoper capire chi realmente egli fu. Quaranta anni di studi sull’argomento mi hanno, invero,fornito molteplici stimoli e strumenti per indagare e cercar di capire qualcosa intornoa un personaggio comunemente ritenuto sfuggente come pochi. In questo contributo,partendo dalle considerazioni proposte in un altro articolo recente1, provo a individuaredue facce del personaggio: da un lato il suo dialogare e il senso che questo suo dialogarepoté avere nell’orizzonte delle invenzioni letterarie del V secolo, dall’altro le potentiinnovazioni di cui Socrate sembra essere stato portatore nel campo dello stile di vita,dell’ottimismo etico e dell’impegno. Il titolo del mio scritto è provocatorio, ma quantomenoaderisce alla convinzione che la sua figura abbia bisogno di essere profondamenteripensata.
    Źródło:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua; 2010, 1, 1; 13-30
    2082-7539
    Pojawia się w:
    Peitho. Examina Antiqua
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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