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Tytuł:
Protecting Wieliczka Salt Mine against water hazard on the example of the Mina traverse
Autorzy:
Gonet, A.
Stryczek, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/299177.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
salt mine
water hazard
Wieliczka
Opis:
Water surrounding every salt mine creates catastrophic hazard for that place. One of such cases is uncontrollable flooding of the Wapno Salt Mine, near Innowrocław (see article Kortas G. and Maj A., Przegląd Solny, 10, 2014). The causes of catastrophic water fluxes to the Mina traverse located in level IV at a depth of 170 m b.s. in the historical Wieliczka Salt Mine is presented in this paper. The complex geological build of the immediate neighborhood of the Mina traverse was described, paying attention to the evidently disadvantageous hydrogeological conditions in the northern part of the salt dome. The most important actions aimed at limiting the water hazard in Wieliczka Salt Mine concentrated on managing and so liquidating the disastrous flux of water and solids to the Mina traverse, which started in 1992. A unique solution was proposed to solve this problem, i.e. an internal safety pillar was construed with the use of dedicated unique technologies.
Źródło:
AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas; 2017, 34, 1; 219-229
2299-4157
2300-7052
Pojawia się w:
AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the geological environment in respect of waste disposal in salt mine workings
Autorzy:
Poborska-Młynarska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
salt mine
underground waste disposal
Opis:
The concept of waste storage in underground salt mines is to use the host rock environment as a geological barrier, preventing the migration of hazardous substances. European and Polish law defines the geological conditions and the safety of underground storage. According to national regulations, the underground storage site location is based on the results of geological research contained in the hydrogeological and geological-engineering documentation. This paper presents the principles for the assessment of the geological environment in a salt mine for the waste storage, in the context of national legislation. It has been shown that for the salt deposits a more detailed range of geological research has to be defined to prepare relevant documentation and to assess the possibility of waste storage in salt mines.
Koncepcja składowania określonych grup odpadów w podziemnych kopalniach soli opiera się na wykorzystaniu środowiska skalnego jako bariery geologicznej powstrzymującej migrację szkodliwych substancji. Unijne i krajowe prawo określa geologiczne warunki lokalizacji i bezpieczeństwa podziemnego składowiska odpadów. Według krajowych przepisów lokalizacji podziemnego składowiska dokonuje się na podstawie wyników badań zawartych w dokumentacji hydrogeologicznej oraz geologiczno-inżynierskiej, określających wskazane warunki geologiczne charakteryzujące wybrane formacje skalne w związku z podziemnym składowaniem odpadów. W artykule przeanalizowano te warunki w odniesieniu do złóż i kopalń soli. Ich wstępna analiza wykazała, że wymagają one uszczegółowienia, a co za tym idzie - określenia zakresu badań będących podstawą oceny środowiska geologicznego w kopalni soli pod kątem wykorzystania jej wyrobisk na składowisko.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2013, 39, 3; 223-231
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method used for safety pillar reconstruction on the example of the Dunajewski gallery in the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine
Autorzy:
Gonet, A.
Stryczek, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/299030.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
pillar reconstruction
Wieliczka Salt Mine
Opis:
Preserving such unique objects as the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine for the future generations is an obvious obligation. Water is the biggest threat to this object and many similar ones. At the last stage or even in the course of mine exploitation salt mines are flooded as this is the simplest method of their liquidation applied worldwide. However this method cannot be used in the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine , which was put on the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage list in 1978. Geological and hydrogeological conditions in the Dunajewski gallery are presented in this paper. The Dunajewski gallery is localized directly east of the Mina gallery, where a catastrophic water flux was observed in 1992, threatening the mine with flooding and with considerable damage on the surface. Authors describe the pipeline injection method which was used in that situation. This was a fast and economic method thanks to which the Dunajewski gallery and the adjoining leaching gallery could be efficiently and tightly filled. Specialist recipes for sealing slurry had to be worked out. The slurry was prepared in an injection column elevated in the neighborhood of the Kościuszko shaft and then transported with special pipelines through the Kościuszko shaft and some workings to the Dunajewski gallery. In this way the off-side safety pillar in the area of the Dunajewski gallery was reconstructed.
Źródło:
AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas; 2018, 35, 1; 49-56
2299-4157
2300-7052
Pojawia się w:
AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka zagrożenia wodnego w Kopalni Soli „Kłodawa” S.A. na przykładzie wybranych zjawisk
Characteristics of water hazards in the „Kłodawa” Salt Mine S.A. based on selected examples
Autorzy:
Staszczak, W.
Krokos, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2192091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Górnictwa Solnego
Tematy:
górnictwo solne
Kopalnia Soli „Kłodawa”
zagrożenie wodne
salt mine
Kłodawa Salt Mine
water hazard
Opis:
Kopalnia Soli „Kłodawa” S.A. eksploatuje sól kamienną od ponad 65 lat i na przestrzeni tych lat mierzy się z zagrożeniem wodnym. Spośród zinwentaryzowanych 516 zjawisk wodnych czynnych jest 153, z których 142 zjawiska stanowią zawilgocenia i wycieki kropelkowe, a tylko 11 zjawisk to wypływy solanki. Największe zagrożenie stanowią zjawiska: 106/600, 93/525, 30/619, 55/750, 7/450. Kopalnia prowadzi pełen monitoring tych zjawisk, a dzięki odpowiednio prowadzonej profilaktyce oraz zdobytej wiedzy możliwe jest racjonalne planowanie frontu robót górniczych, z zachowaniem najwyższego stopnia bezpieczeństwa eksploatacji i ochrony infrastruktury.
The „Kłodawa” Salt Mine S.A. has been excavating rock salt for over 65 years, and during all this time it to face with water threat. Among 516 evidenced sites of brine occurrence in the mine, 142 are the sites of rock wettening or droplet leakage and only 11 are actual brine leakage sites. The biggest threat is assumed to relate to leakages registered as 106/600, 93/525, 30/619, 55/750, and 7/450. Continuous monitoring of water hazard sites and adequate prevention enables the mine rational mining and maintaining the highest degree of safety of both excavation and the infrastructure protection.
Źródło:
Przegląd Solny; 2017, 13; 115--121
2300-9349
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Solny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konie w służbie salinarnej
Horses in the Salt Mine service
Autorzy:
Charkot, Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1574601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Muzeum Żup Krakowskich Wieliczka
Tematy:
Konie
służba salinarna
stajnie
kopalnia soli
wieliczka
transport
Horses
Salt Mine service
salt mine
stables
Opis:
Horses supported miners’ work throughout the period of the production operation of the Wieliczka and Bochnia salt mines. The only thing that changed was the nature and scope of this assistance. Initially it was limited to the maintenance tasks of saltworks farms, salt transport to warehouses by the Vistula River and the supply of wood for the protection of underground workings. From the middle of the fifteenth century, horses were incorporated directly in the process of salt production as traction force for horsemills installed over shafts. In the next century in Wieliczka and in the seventeenth century in Bochnia horses also started to work underground. Until the 1860s, they mainly served horsemills, and later, in the era of mechanized vertical transport, they served the underground horizontal transport. Most horses in both mining centers were working in the eighteenth century – about 60 in the Bochnia mine, and in Wieliczka usually more than 100. In the first one, the last horse finished its work in the 1970s, and in the second one only in 2002. Horses were surrounded with due care by miners who actually cared about their nutrition, health, proper work and rest regimens. Employees of the mine and animals “employed” for a longer time developed a special bond.
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce; 2014, 29; 69-98
0137-530X
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected hydrochemical ratios of waters from inflows at level VI in "Wieliczka" Salt Mine
Autorzy:
Obyrn, K. d'
Postawa, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
mining hydrogeology
hydrochemical ratios
"Wieliczka" Salt Mine
Opis:
Relationships between major ions, such as Cl- , SO4 2- and Na+ and some microelements, may serve as good indicators of genesis and chemical transformations occurring during groundwater flow. The chemical composition of water from inflows at the level VI of "Wieliczka" Salt Mine is formed mainly by the dissolution of different types of salts caused by waters circulating in complicated systems of semipermeable rocks and fractured sandstones. This complicated geological structure is additionally disturbed by seven centuries of mining activity. Individual inflows are recharged by different flow systems, thus water/rock contact times are different. The authors analysed basic hydrochemical ratios: sodium/chlorides (rNa+rCl-), sulphides/chlorides (rSO42- • 100/rCl-) and chlorides/iodides (Cl-/I-). The obtained results proved that hydrochemical ratios may serve as a supporting tool for better assessment of water threats in the western part of "Wieliczka" Salt Mine.
Stosunki zawartości jonów głównych i niektórych mikroskładników w wodzie, zwane wskaźnikami hydrochemicznymi, mogą być pomocne w analizie genezy wód podziemnych i interpretacji zmian, jakim wody ulegały w czasie krążenia w górotworze. Skład chemiczny wycieków na poziomie VI Kopalni Soli „Wieliczka" kształtuje się w efekcie rozpuszczania różnych typów soli przez wody krążące w skomplikowanym systemie półprzepuszczalnych skał typu mułowce i spękanych, pokruszonych piaskowców. Dodatkowo sytuację komplikują efekty, trwającej tu od siedmiu stuleci, działalności górniczej. Analizie poddane zostały podstawowe wskaźniki hydrochemiczne: sodowo-chlorkowy rNa+/rCl-, siarczanowy rSO42- • 100/rCl- oraz chlorkowo-jodkowy Cl-/l-. Wyniki badań posłużyły jako narzędzia wspomagające ocenę zagrożeń wodnych w zachodnim rejonie kopalni.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2013, 39, 3; 163-174
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the qualitative and quantitative stability of “Wieliczka” Salt Mine (Poland) brines and of their possible use for medicinal purposes
Autorzy:
d'Obyrn, K.
Postawa, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Wieliczka Salt Mine
brines
balneotheraphy
liquid treatments
Opis:
Water inflow to a salt mine usually poses a threat to the mine and sometimes even to its existence. On the other hand the healing properties of salt have been known since Antiquity and brines extracted from the mines have been used in the treatment of various diseases. The “Wieliczka” Salt Mine in southern Poland has been conducting organized rehabilitation and therapeutic activities for respiratory tract diseases for almost 200 years. This paper presents preliminary results of a study focused on pre-selection of out-of-deposit water inflows into the mine workings which show the lowest variability in yield and in chemical composition, and which can potentially be used in the health resort operated by the mine. The results indicate that brines from the WVII-16 leak are the only ones which can be taken into account when considering the use of Wieliczka brines for medicinal purposes for baths, rinses, irrigation, and at lower mineralisation levels, in liquid treatments
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2014, 58, 3; 459--464
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bromide concentration in mine waters from the Wieliczka salt mine as an indicator of their origin and migration of flow paths in the salt deposit
Autorzy:
Winid, B.
Witczak, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191608.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
brine
mine waters
bromine
Wieliczka Salt Mine
South Poland
Opis:
The subject of this study is the chemistry of waters contained in the salt deposit of Wieliczka. The bromide content determined in relation to the chloride one, using the evaporation curve or the Cl/Br ratio, point to dissolution of chloride minerals as the main process in the origin of mine waters. Because of a number of processes involved in the circulation of waters within the deposit, the Br content in mine water depends on three factors: concentration of salts associated with leaching of the deposit, Br content in the salt, and dissolution - evaporation cycles on the water migration paths. The diagram Br vs. Cl or vs. density is used to explain these factors.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2004, 74, No 3; 277-283
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nature and origin of large-scale and intrasalt deformation within the Wieliczka salt mine, Poland
Autorzy:
Rowan, Mark G.
Krzywiec, Piotr
Bukowski, Krzysztof
Przybyło, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
salt tectonics
intrasalt de formation
salt mine
Wieliczka
northern Carpathians
Opis:
The Wieliczka salt mine, near Kraków in southern Poland, is a world-famous historical and modern destination for both geoscientists and tourists. Despite numerous publications, there is still a lack of consensus on the nature and origin of the large-scale folds as well as whether the small-scale structures represent tectonic or soft-sediment deformation. In this preliminary work, we offer new ideas on both aspects. At the large scale, we emphasize the mechanical stratigraphy of the layered evaporite sequence, which comprises a thin basal weak layer, a thin strong unit, a thicker weak layer, and a thicker strong unit. We suggest that the inclined to recumbent folds and thrusts formed tectonically due to over thrust shear between the basal detachment and the overriding Carpathian frontal thrust, with different structural styles decoupled by the thick weak layer. At the small scale, we suggest that there was early extension directed toward the east to north-east, followed by contraction vergent toward the north. We infer that there was early, syndepositional gravity gliding down a topographic slope dipping into the coeval Gdów depocenter to the east, and that subsequent north-directed Carpathian shortening generated the small-scale contractional structures as the larger folds were developing.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2020, 64, 4; 819--837
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Służbowo i prywatnie. znani i nieznani goście w bocheńskiej Żupie Solnej (do 1995 r.)
Professional and private visits. well-known and unknown guests in the bochnia saltworks (until 1995)
Autorzy:
Wszołek, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/487323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Muzeum Żup Krakowskich Wieliczka
Tematy:
Turyści
kopalnia
Bochnia
Goście
kopalnia soli
tourists
mine
Guest
Salt mine
Opis:
This is the first academic study of this type pertaining to the history of tourist traffic in the area of the Bochnia Salt Mine. In contrast to the Wieliczka Salt Mine, no general academic or popular science studies have been prepared with respect to this issue to date. Prior works devoted to the Bochnia Salt Mine did not deal with this issue. The objective of this article is an attempt at describing, throughout the history of the Bochnia Salt Mine, the gradual process of emergence and development of tourist traffic. The author of the work makes use of the existing manuscripts and printed sources, along with academic studies devoted directly or indirectly to the subject matter pertaining to the content of the article. Interviews conducted with the present and retired employees of the Bochnia Salt Mine also turned out to be helpful, both directors and traffic supervision employees, as well as persons directly involved in the tourist traffic servicing. Thanks to this, the gaps existing in the source materials and academic or popular science studies pertaining to the subject matter of the study were supplemented or filled. The history of tourist traffic described in the article was closely related to the history of the Bochnia Salt Mine. The reader is going to find out that this process was not easy, whereas its history is replete with obstacles and threats during various stages of development, including a complete disappearance of tourist activity, which was finally reinstated and which has been pursued to date. Therefore, the issue deserves a detailed study. In medieval sources, it is possible to find traces of princes’ and kings’ (and their officials’) stays in the mine. Such visits were purely official. Their objective was direct or indirect control over all aspects of operation of the subordinate enterprise. Visits of representatives of commerce and handicraft in the Bochnia Salt Mine, whose enterprises were closely and durably related to the current operation of the mine, had a more “economic” character The situation was similar with holders of permits and privileges from the group of contemporary wealthy people, both clerics and secular. The ongoing necessity of taking care of their economic interest was the most important for this group. Sources between the 16th and the 18th century offer new data. New categories of guests supplemented the above list of visitors in the Bochnia Salt Mine. The first one includes various travellers who, in their accounts or descriptions, offer the first experiences accompanying visits in the underground section of the mine. Another category are poets. Their works, preserved in the modern times, have a similar character, yet by their nature they are more filled with emotions. Therefore, all these authors were, in a certain way, “pioneers” – the first tourists in the modern sense of the word. The third category includes representatives of science, testifying to the growing interest in the Bochnia Salt Mine from a scientific perspective. They also form a part of the previously described group of travellers, who were testing their talents in the new area. These were predominantly people connected to the Bochnia Salt Mine who implemented their ideas, plans and intentions for its benefit. There was also yet another special category – the so-called “unwanted guests.” This group includes both “locals” and “foreigners”, whose activities had an adverse impact on the situation of the Bochnia Salt Mine. At the end of the 18th century, a certain fundamental change occurred in the above-described group of “guests” at the Bochnia Salt Mine. The owner of the mine changed – the Polish king was replaced by the Austrian emperor and royal officials were substituted by the imperial bureaucratic apparatus. Simultaneous abolishment of former permits and privileges resulted in absence of visits of clerics and lay people. What is more, the former system of connections of the mine with trade and municipal handicraft also ceased to exist. Representatives of such professions disappeared almost completely from the area of the Bochnia Salt Mine. The 19th century, especially its second half, brought development of initially disorganised tourist traffic in the form of individual and collective groups. Visits in the mine, hitherto a privilege reserved for the chosen few, suddenly became a very fashionable pastime for a broader group of people. This situation was intensified by development of communication and dissemination of press information, as well as popularity of local sightseeing associations. Such groups included local people, as well as guests from other countries, officials, teachers, clerics, military men, young people and children. The number of descriptions and travellers’ accounts, resulting from visits in the underground pits of the Bochnia Salt Mine, also soared. The Bochnia Salt Mine has become a more attractive place for the conduct of scientific studies by outstanding researchers and specialists from various areas of knowledge. The Bochnia Salt Mine was also a venue for didactic activities for the future practitioners of science, who pursued classes, internships and professional practice here. However, the described century and the beginning of the 20th century were not free from negative activities and decisions of the group known from earlier centuries as the “unwanted guests.” The inter-war period was a time of constant struggle with the governmental plans of liquidation of the Bochnia Salt Mine. In spite of the difficult situation, the unorganised tourist traffic of numerous groups and individuals (from the country and abroad) continued to flourish in the mine. The mine was also visited by scientists and young graduates who were acquiring the necessary knowledge and professional skills. What is more, middle school pupils and college students followed the example of their senior friends and attended special classes in the mine and visited it as part of activities of school sightseeing groups. It is also worth remembering that the outbreak of WWII halted the plans of establishing a sanatorium at the Bochnia Salt Mine. The period of Nazi occupation brought an end to popular visits in the Bochnia Salt Mine. At this time, the mine was only open for German people – ordinary citizens and military men. However, traces of stay of Polish people in the mine from this period have also been preserved – obviously, such visits were only possible upon the approval of the occupation authorities. Throughout the communist period, the idea of making the Bochnia Salt Mine available for tourists was not popular and it resurfaced only in the form of sporadic initiatives. In the 1950s, a visit in the mine formed a part of subsequent historical anniversaries celebrated in the city and the local saltworks. Similar initiatives, even though planned, were not implemented in the 1960s - they were going to form a part of the celebrations of the 1,000th anniversary of the Polish state. Nevertheless, plans pertaining to the visits in the Bochnia Salt Mine in the 1970s were successful – they were included in the extensive programme of the “Days of Bochnia” inaugurated at that time. The last activity in the described period took place in the 1980s, when sightseeing in the mine was included in the celebrations of another historical anniversary of the city. The 1980s were also a time of clear increased interest in the Bochnia Salt Mine as a historical facility. Inclusion of the most valuable pits and surface development of the mine in the list of national monuments definitely contributed to it. Simultaneously, next to the gradual process of limiting the industrial operation of the mine, former plans of establishing a sanatorium were brought back. This very difficult process of building a tourist and spa centre commenced at that time was halted by the political transformations of 1989. After 1990, it was continued for a long time until the middle of the 1990s. The author of the work adopted the year 1995 as the end for the study; it constitutes the opening of a completely new chapter in the history of the Bochnia Salt Mine. The unorganised tourist traffic was provided with durable legal and organisational framework in the form of a newly-established entity: Uzdrowisko Kopalnia Soli Bochnia Sp. z o.o. Between 1995 and 2014, the company has been servicing numerous groups of tourists and patients who come to the Bochnia Salt Mine every year. Traditional sightseeing in the historical mining pits has been gradually supplemented by educational, health and entertainment activities. In 2014, “Kopalnia Soli Bochnia Sp. z o.o.” took over the organisation and servicing of the tourist traffic, continuing the long-term tradition of the Bochnia Salt Mine in this respect.
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce; 2016, 31; 291-335
0137-530X
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assumptions for the proposed method of monitoring deformations in wooden grating casings in the conditions of Wieliczka Salt Mine
Autorzy:
Szpak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89069.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Wydział Geoinżynierii, Górnictwa i Geologii. Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
mining casing
historic excavations
wooden constructions
Wieliczka Salt Mine
Opis:
This article describes a measuring method used for monitoring deformations in wooden grating mining casings. It is intended, in particular, to determine the degree of deflection of load-bearing elements in relation to their original position. It was prepared especially to supplement the technical evaluation of wooden supporting casings in historic mines, underground sections of tourist routes, tunnels etc. The primary reason for the development of this problem were the designs prepared in recent years for large-scale grating constructions at Wieliczka Salt Mine and those for their reconstructions (strengthenings). The article describes the assumptions for the method proposed as well as the measurement system prepared. At Wieliczka Salt Mine two chambers with grating casings were selected and these were equipped with measuring devices. This paper presents the characteristics of these structures, the distribution of the devices installed and the course of the measuring process.
Źródło:
Mining Science; 2015, 22, Special Issue 2; 161-170
2300-9586
2353-5423
Pojawia się w:
Mining Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Causes and consequences of water flux on the example of transverse heading Mina in the Salt Mine "Wieliczka"
Przyczyny i skutki dopływu wody na przykładzie poprzeczni Mina w Kopalni Soli „Wieliczka”
Autorzy:
Gonet, A.
Stryczek, S.
Brudnik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220284.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
zagrożenie wodne
Wieliczka
kopalnia soli
salt mine
water hazard
Opis:
The causes of disastrous water flux in the historical Salt Mine “Wieliczka“ have been presented on the example of transverse heading Mina at the IV level at a depth of 175 m bsl. The complex geological setting of direct environment of the transverse heading Mina has been described paying attention to unfavorable hydrogeological conditions in the northern part of the salt deposit. The main activities oriented to limiting the water hazard in the Salt Mine “Wieliczka“ and the reconstruction of inner safety pillar, which had been seriously damaged by mining activities, have been analyzed. A selection of objects inside the mine, saved from flooding thanks to protection works has been visualized in photos.
Na przykładzie zabytkowej Kopalni Soli „Wieliczka” przedstawiono co doprowadziło do katastrofalnego dopływu wody do poprzeczni Mina położonej na IV poziomie na głębokości 175 m ppt. Opisano złożoną budowę geologiczną bezpośredniego otoczenia poprzeczni Mina zwracając uwagę na wyjątkowo niekorzystne warunki hydrogeologiczne panujące od północnej strony złoża soli. Podano główne kierunki działań dla ograniczenia zagrożenia wodnego Kopalni Soli „Wieliczka” mające na celu odbudowę wewnętrznego filara bezpieczeństwa, który został poważnie uszkodzony wcześniejszymi robotami górniczymi. Pokazano wybrane obiekty znajdujące się wewnątrz kopalni, które dzięki pracom zabezpieczającym udało się uratować od zatopienia.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2012, 57, 2; 323-334
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The comparison of the results of laser scanning and classical surveying methods of measuring the area and volume in the chapel of St. Kinga in the salt mine of Bochnia
Autorzy:
Maciaszek, J.
Madusiok, D.
Matwij, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
mining deformations
salt mine Bochnia
area convergence
laser scanning
Opis:
Providing a long durability of the historic salt mine of Bochnia demands proper observations, analyses and drawing conclusions based on them and leading to recognising and the assessment of a specific behaviour of the rock mass and the effectiveness of the protection from mining damage. The studies of the rock mass and surface deformation are carried out by the mine based on the results of the observations made with the methods of surveying. These observations include, among others, the measurements of the height of benchmarks stabilized on the surface and rock mass, the measurements of linear convergence (on the established vertical and horizontal bases in selected chambers of the mine); and since 2003 the attempts have been made to apply total stations and laser scanners to document the selected chambers. The article presents test studies on laser scanning carried out in the chapel of St. Kinga in the Bochnia Salt Mine in 2007 and 2013 (Fig. 1). They showed high accuracy of the scanning method both in the positioning of points of the salt excavation, in modelling, as well as calculation of the area of any cross-section (Fig. 2) and the volume of chambers of complicated shapes (Fig. 3). The carried out accuracy studies, analyses and comparisons were used in the calculation of the area convergence for the chapel of St. Kinga in the Bochnia Salt Mine. They make base for the calculation of volume do convergence in the near future.
Zapewnienie długiego okresu trwałości zabytkowej Kopalni Soli Bochnia wymaga prowadzenia odpowiednich obserwacji, analiz i formułowania na tej podstawie wniosków dotyczących rozpoznania i oceny swoistych zachowań górotworu i skuteczności zabezpieczeń przed zagrożeniami górniczymi. Badania deformacji górotworu i powierzchni terenu kopalnia prowadzi na podstawie rezultatów obserwacji wykonanych metodami geodezyjnymi. Do tych obserwacji należą między innymi pomiary wysokości reperów zastabilizowanych na powierzchni i w górotworze czy pomiary konwergencji liniowej (na założonych bazach pionowych i poziomych w wybranych komorach kopalni). Od 2003 r. prowadzone były także próby zastosowania tachimetrów i skanerów laserowych do inwentaryzacji wybranych komór. Artykuł przedstawia badania testowe skaningu laserowego przeprowadzone w kaplicy św. Kingi w KS Bochnia w latach 2007 i 2013 (Fig. 1). Wykazały one dużą dokładność metody skaningowej zarówno w pozycjonowaniu punktów na wyrobisku solnym, w modelowaniu, jak i w obliczaniu powierzchni dowolnego przekroju (Fig. 2) oraz objętości komór 0 skomplikowanych kształtach (Fig. 3). Przeprowadzone badania dokładnościowe, analizy i porównania posłużyły do obliczenia konwergencji powierzchniowej w kaplicy św. Kingi (Tab. 1). Wartość konwergencji wyniosła średnio 3,01‰/rok, przy czym jej zróżnicowanie w różnych miejscach komory (określonych położeniem przekrojów) wyniosło od 2,42‰/rok do 3,91‰/rok. Objętość części komory wykorzystanej do badań obliczono dwoma niezależnymi metodami: metodą przekrojów (672,21 m3) i automatycznie algorytmem zawartym w programie Geomagic Qualify 2012 (672,72 m3). Metoda automatyczna uwzględnia wszystkie nieregularne miejsca pomijane w metodzie przekrojów. Różnica pomiędzy wynikami uzyskanymi dwoma niezależnymi metodami obliczeń wynosi 0,08%, co świadczy o bardzo wysokiej dokładności obliczania objętości tak nieregularnych brył jak kaplica św. Kingi. Pomiary i obliczenia wykonane w 2013 r. są podstawą do obliczenia konwergencji objętościowej kaplicy w najbliższym okresie.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2013, 39, 3; 211-221
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of laser scanners to determine the shape of mine excavations for safety assessment, using the example of the cross-cut mina in the salt mine Wieliczka
Autorzy:
Lipecki, T.
Jaśkowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/225491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Warszawska. Wydział Geodezji i Kartografii
Tematy:
Wieliczka
kopalnia soli
skanowanie laserowe
salt mine
laser scanning
Źródło:
Reports on Geodesy; 2009, z. 2/87; 239-250
0867-3179
Pojawia się w:
Reports on Geodesy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielician (Middle Badenian) foraminifers from the stratotype area : Wieliczka Salt Mine, Poland (Paratethys, Middle Miocene)
Autorzy:
Gonera, M.
Wiewiórka, J.
d'Obyrn, K.
Bukowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060050.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Middle Miocene
foraminifera
Wieliczka Salt Mine
Middle Badenian
Wielician
Opis:
The most abundant benthic foraminifers recorded in the Wielician salt-enclosed xenoliths are: Bulimina spp., Uvigerina spp., Valvulineria complanata, and Cibicides pseudoungerianus. The predominant taxon in the planktonic assemblage is Globigerina bulloides with a median 98.9% in biozone IIC and 89.1% in the later IID. The IIC assemblage differs from the IID one in both taxon composi tion and abundance. The most pronounced differences are those revealed by Valvulineria complanata counts, number of benfhic taxa and the plankfonic/benthic (P/B) rafio. Pseudotriplasia minuta (one of the Wielician index taxa) occurs only in the IID biozone, present in 16 among 28 samples. There is a noticeable difference in sur- face sculpture morphology pattern in the predominant Bulimina and Uvigerina taxa in the IIC versus the IID biozones. There are smooth (Bulimina elongata) and weakly striate (Uvigerina semiornata plexus) forms in the IIC biozone, foll owed by heavily costate (Bulimina striata) and spinose-pustu l ate (Uvigerina orbignyana plexus) forms in the IID. Globigerina druryi and G. decoraperta- the CPN 8 planktonic index taxa - had not been found in the material studied. Globigerinita uvula is un- usually common in the samples studied. The samples analysed display an abundance of Globigerina bulloides typical of the sub-evaporite Wielician. Hence the studied Wielician stratotype area supports the thesis of the Globigerina bulloides Acme as the valid name designation for the substage.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2014, 58, 3; 427--438
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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