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Tytuł:
Comparison of the effects of water and thermal processing on pesticide removal in selected fruit and vegetables
Autorzy:
Lozowicka, B.
Jankowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
water processing
food processing
thermal processing
pesticide
fruit
vegetable
processing treatment
Opis:
Fruit and vegetables are a valuable and essential component of a human diet. Unfortunately, the widespread and increasingly popular use of pesticides has largely magnified quantities of pesticide residues in these plant products. Among the best methods for removal of these contaminants from food of plant origin are food processing technologies, which affect the levels of pesticide residues to various degrees. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different water and thermal processing treatments on pesticide residue concentrations in selected fruit and vegetables obtained from controlled field and tunnel trials. Black currants, broccoli, strawberries and tomatoes sprayed with plant protection products were analyzed. Washing by immersion in chlorine and in ozonated water as well as boiling were used to assess the removal of eleven pesticides in blackcurrants, broccoli, strawberries and tomatoes. Processing factors, which were determined for each combination of a pesticide, commodity and processing method, ranged between 0.03 and 1.66. Washing in ozonated water was more effective than washing in chlorinated water. However, high temperature at boiling caused a significant decrease in the concentration of most compounds (up to 97%), although there were some exceptions. The thermal treatment proved to be the most effective technological process removing pesticide residues from different commodities. The water and thermal processing technologgies tested in this experiment are promising methods for fast and simple removal of pesticide residues from broccoli, black currants, strawberries, tomatoes and possibly other commodities.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 1
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of the effects of water and thermal processing on pesticide removal in selected fruit and vegetables
Autorzy:
Łozowicka, B.
Jankowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189826.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
water processing
food processing
thermal processing
pesticide
fruit
vegetable
processing treatment
Opis:
Fruit and vegetables are a valuable and essential component of a human diet. Unfortunately, the widespread and increasingly popular use of pesticides has largely magnified quantities of pesticide residues in these plant products. Among the best methods for removal of these contaminants from food of plant origin are food processing technologies, which affect the levels of pesticide residues to various degrees. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different water and thermal processing treatments on pesticide residue concentrations in selected fruit and vegetables obtained from controlled field and tunnel trials. Black currants, broccoli, strawberries and tomatoes sprayed with plant protection products were analyzed. Washing by immersion in chlorine and in ozonated water as well as boiling were used to assess the removal of eleven pesticides in blackcurrants, broccoli, strawberries and tomatoes. Processing factors, which were determined for each combination of a pesticide, commodity and processing method, ranged between 0.03 and 1.66. Washing in ozonated water was more effective than washing in chlorinated water. However, high temperature at boiling caused a significant decrease in the concentration of most compounds (up to 97%), although there were some exceptions. The thermal treatment proved to be the most effective technological process removing pesticide residues from different commodities. The water and thermal processing technologgies tested in this experiment are promising methods for fast and simple removal of pesticide residues from broccoli, black currants, strawberries, tomatoes and possibly other commodities.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 1; 99-111
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimating Environmental Impact Potential of Small Scale Fish Processing Using Life Cycle Assessment
Autorzy:
Astuti, R. S. D.
Hadiyanto, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123450.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
wastewater treatment
fish processing
life-cycle assessment
Opis:
Post-harvest handling / processing of fishery commodities requires large amounts of water and energy to overcome their perishable properties. Water is needed as raw/auxiliary material and to ensure that the production process and its environment meet the sanitary and hygiene principles. Meanwhile, large amount of energy is required for the transportation of raw materials and products, cold chain system during the process and operations of processing machines. They contribute towards the environmental impact of fish processing. This study used life cycle assessment to estimate the potential environmental impact of small scale mackerel fish processing. The results showed that the fish processing has contributed to 0.079 kg SO2 eq acidification potential, 9.66 kg CO2 eq climate changGWP 100, 0.02 kg PO4 eq Eutrophication-generic, 0.17 kg 1.4 DCB eq human toxicity-HTP inf, and 0.0015 kg ethylene eq photochemical oxidation-high NOx. Wastewater treatment implementation simulation showed elimination of direct emissions that contribute to eutrophication and increasing the potential of other process associated with energy consumption.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 6; 65-74
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Copper droplets agglomeration/coagulation in the conditions similar to industrial ones
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Sypien, A.
Tarasek, A.
Bydałek, A. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352214.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermo-chemical treatment
copper droplets
post-processing slag
coagulation
Opis:
The studied copper droplets suspension in the liquid slag came from the direct-to-blister technology developed in the KGHM - Polska Miedź S.A. plants. A treatment by the stimulators and reagents was performed in the conditions delivered / ensured by the BOLMET S.A., Wiechlice. These conditions were similar to those usually applied to the industrial process. Particularly, this treatment was similar, to some extent, to that known for the electric arc-furnace technology employed in the Smelter and Refinery Plant, Głogów. An effectiveness of the newly developed and patented complex chemical/reagent for the copper removal from slag was tested during the treatment. The effect of the liquid slag stirring on the copper droplets self-cleaning was also analysed. The performed test confirmed the effectiveness of the studied complex reagent in agglomeration, coagulation and sedimentation of the copper droplets.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 289-296
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aspekty obosnovanija parametrov i rezhimov raboty pnevmoseparatora maslichnogo syrja podsolnechnika
Aspects of foundation parameters and modes of sunflower pnevmoseparatora oilseeds
Autorzy:
Zadosnaja, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/77316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
postharvest treatment
sunflower seed
cleaning
separation
grain processing
aerodynamic property
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2015, 17, 9
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ termostatowania na zmiany tekstury w obrabianej termicznie marchwi różnymi metodami
Influence of thermostatic processing on changes in texture of carrot subjected to thermal treatment by different methods
Autorzy:
Półtorak, A.
Wierzbicka, A.
Biller, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/289942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
termostatowanie
tekstura
obróbka termiczna
marchew
thermostatic processing
texture
thermal treatment
carrot
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wpływ termostatowania obrobionej w różnym stopniu i różnymi metodami marchwi. Zastosowane metody to: obróbka w piecu wielofunkcyjnym z wykorzystaniem funkcji gotowania w parze w czasie 5, 10, 15, 20 min. oraz obróbka w steamerze w środowisku podwyższonego ciśnienia (150kPa) i temperatury (111°C) w czasie 4, 6, 8, 10 min. Czas trwania procesu termostatowania w temperaturze 60°C wynosił 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 min. od zakończenia obróbki termicznej.
The paper presents an influence of thermostatic processing of carrot with varying degrees and by different methods. The following methods were applied: the processing in a multifunctional furnace using a function of boiling in steam within 5, 10, 15 and 20 min and the processing at elevated pressure (150kPa) and temperature (111°C) within 4, 6, 8 and 10 min. The time of thermostatic processing at the temperature of 60°C was 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 min. after completing the thermal treatment.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2005, R. 9, nr 9, 9; 287-294
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Post-processing of titanium 3D printouts with radio frequency plasma
Autorzy:
Grabarczyk, Jacek
Jastrzębski, Krzysztof
Wrotniak, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
Tematy:
post-processing
plasma treatment
3D printing
titanium printouts
RF plasma
Opis:
Additive manufacturing is a technology of great interest for biomedical engineering and medicine since it enables to mimic natural structures. The 3D printouts require post-processing to ensure desired surface properties and interaction with living matter. The presented research focuses on novel approaches involving plasma treatment of Ti6Al4V scaffolds obtained by Direct Metal Printing. Solid samples and scaffolds of two various geometries were treated in atmospheres of pure argon, argon and oxygen or pure oxygen. The effect of post-processing was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy, measurements of mass, and surface roughness. In all the examined cases the proposed post-processing method reduces the amount of loosely bonded powder particles remaining after printing. The changes of mass before and after the treatment are much lower than in the case of popular wet chemical methods. The character of undergoing post-processing depends on the process atmosphere resulting in physical etching or the combination of physical etching and chemical oxidation. The action of argon or argon/ oxygen plasma reduces mass to the level of only 1% while by use of pure oxygen atmosphere even the slight increase of the overall sample mass is observed. The plasma etching was successfully introduced for the treatment of titanium 3D printouts to minimize the detachment of powder particles. That method not only is much softer than chemical etching but it can also lead to specific surface structurization that may be beneficial regarding medical applications of such printouts.
Źródło:
Engineering of Biomaterials; 2021, 4, 160; 8-14
1429-7248
Pojawia się w:
Engineering of Biomaterials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of the wastewater from chosen food processing industries on a quality of water in the mouth section of River Odra
Wpływ ścieków z wybranych zakładów przemysłu spożywczego na jakość wód powierzchniowych na terenie miasta Szczecina
Autorzy:
Wira, J.
Tarnowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/85105.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Tematy:
waste water
food processing industry
water quality
mouth section
Odra River
waste water treatment plant
Szczecin city
biological treatment
sewage treatment
biological sewage treatment
Opis:
Influence of the wastewater from chosen food processing industries located in Szczecin on a quality of receiver’s water was presented. The theoretical part of the paper comprises general fundamentals of the biological treatment of the wastewater, the sources of the wastewater and their impact onto a sewerage system and the receiver at meat processing and dairy industries were also presented in this part of the paper. Szczecin Dairy and Szczecin Poultry Processing Company are both equipped with biological wastewater treatment plants. The treated wastewater is discharged to the receivers that are directly linked to River Odra, thus has an impact on the quality of River Odra water. Basing on a performed research on parameters of untreated and treated wastewater, the treatment performance of the wastewater treatment plants was described as well as an attempt to estimation of an impact of the wastewater onto the receiver was made.
W pracy został przedstawiony wpływ wybranych zakładów przemysłu spożywczego zlokalizowanych w Szczecinie na jakość wody w odbiorniku. Teoretyczna część pracy opisuje generalne zasady biologicznego oczyszczania ścieków, źródła ścieków w omawianych zakładach - przetwórstwa mięsnego i mleczarni, a także wpływ tych ścieków na odbiornik. Ścieki ze Szczecińskich Zakładów Drobiarskich „DROBIMEX-HEINTZ” oraz Szczecińskich Zakładów Mleczarskich są oczyszczane w biologicznych oczyszczalniach ścieków. Oczyszczone ścieki są odprowadzane do odbiorników bezpośrednio połączonych z rzeka Odra, w związku z czym maja wpływ na jakość jej wód. W oparciu o przeprowadzone badania parametrów nie oczyszczonych i oczyszczonych ścieków dokonano oceny w/w zakładów na jakość wody w rzece Odrze w jej ujściowym odcinku.
Źródło:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2000, 04
1643-0115
Pojawia się w:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pilot production and estimation of Triticale flakes
Autorzy:
Fornal, J.
Sadowska, J.
Kaczynska, B.
Jaroch, R.
Wodecki, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1371729.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
processing
hydrothermal treatment
flake
Polska
flake production
Triticale
property
cereal industry
quality
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences; 1992, 01, 1; 15-22
1230-0322
2083-6007
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Laser Feeding on Heat Treated Aluminium Alloy Surface Properties
Autorzy:
Labisz, K.
Tański, T.
Janicki, D.
Borek, W.
Lukaszkowicz, K.
Dobrzański, L. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
manufacturing and processing
ceramic powder
laser surface treatment
aluminium alloys
HPDL laser
Opis:
In this paper are presented the investigation results concerning microstructure as well as mechanical properties of the surface layer of cast aluminium-silicon-copper alloy after heat treatment alloyed and/ or remelted with SiC ceramic powder using High Power Diode Laser (HPDL). For investigation of the achieved structure following methods were used: light and scanning electron microscopy with EDS microanalysis as well as mechanical properties using Rockwell hardness tester were measured. By mind of scanning electron microscopy, using secondary electron detection was it possible to determine the distribution of ceramic SiC powder phase occurred in the alloy after laser treatment. After the laser surface treatment carried out on the previously heat treated aluminium alloys, in the structure are observed changes concerning the distribution and morphology of the alloy phases as well as the added ceramic powder, these features influence the hardness of the obtained layers. In the structure, there were discovered three zones: the remelting zone (RZ) the heat influence zone (HAZ) and transition zone, with different structure and properties. In this paper also the laser treatment conditions: the laser power and ceramic powder feed rate were investigated. The surface laser structure changes in a manner, that there zones are revealed in the form of. This carried out investigations make it possible to develop, interesting technology, which could be very attractive for different branches of industry.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2A; 741-746
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ ścieków oczyszczonych odprowadzanych z Zakładu Przemysłu Mięsnego na jakość wody rzeki Szkwa
The Impact of Treated Wastewater Discharge from MPP on the Quality of Water in a Collection Reservoir on the Szkwa River
Autorzy:
Wiater, J.
Rynkiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
oczyszczanie ścieków
przetwórstwo mięsa
związki biogenne
samooczyszczanie
wastewater treatment
meat processing
nutrients
self-purification
Opis:
The aim of the study was to analyze impact of treated wastewater discharged from the MPP on the receiver water quality, which constituted a drainage ditch. In addition, carried out studies were related to verification of water self-purification degree at the 15-km ditch section. The direct receiver of discharged treated domestic and industrial wastewater, rinsing waters form water treatment plant, precipitation and snowmelt waters discharged from facility area is specific drainage ditch that flows into the channel, which is the primary drainage ditch.The final receiver of discharged sewage and water, along the route from outlet and further drainage ditches system, is the river Szkwa. In order to determine fluctuations in water composition and its physico-chemical parameters as well as self-purification degree in drainage ditch and in drainage channel following indications were made: indicators of oxygen (COD, dissolved oxygen), nutrients (total nitrogen, total phosphorus). Samples were collected 3 times in a month, for 10 months period from November 2013 to August 2014. The monitoring of water from the receivers was implemented in six measuring points: one before inflow from sewage treatment facility, four points were deployed at ditch and canal, while the last point was located before the discharge to river. The obtained results showed that wastewater discharged from MPP increased the values of COD, nitrogen, phosphorus and decreased dissolved oxygen concentration in water from the outlet of facility specific drainage to ditch inlet drainage canal. On the basis of these indicators, self- purification of water was observed in watercourse on the canal mouth to river Szkwa. Water at the mouth of the River, was qualified to the first class of purity on the basis of dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, pH and temperature value. Water quality was deteriorated by COD and phosphorus concentration. The concentration of this nutrient comparing to winter and spring seasons was the lowest in summer. Self-purification process was probably impacted by water temperature and correlated with larger absorption of phosphorus by microorganisms present in water as well as by plants in increased vegetation period. Plants growing at the edges were accumulating large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds which resulted in water quality improvement in summer season.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2016, Tom 18, cz. 2; 838-849
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Friction Stir Processing of an AlSi6Cu4 cast aluminium alloy
Badanie procesu tarciowej modyfikacji warstw wierzchnich z mieszaniem materiału odlewniczego stopu aluminium AlSi6Cu4
Autorzy:
Węglowski, M. S.
Dymek, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surface treatment
Friction Stir Processing
die casting
aluminium alloy
obróbka powierzchniowa
odlewnictwo ciśnieniowe
stop aluminium
Opis:
The present paper deals with the Friction Stir Processing (FSP) of an AlSi6Cu4 cast aluminium alloy. The emphasis was placed on the determination of an influence FSP parameters and the torque action on the tool. It was found that an increase in rotational speed of the tool causes a decrease in the torque. Simultaneously, the results showed that an increase in travelling speed of the tool brings about an increase in the torque. The metallographic examination of the processed surface layer of the material has shown that the depth of the layer in which the microstructure was modified by the shoulder action depends to a large extent on the rotation speed and to a lesser extent on the travelling speed.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu FSP prowadzonego na odlewniczym stopie aluminium AlSi6Cu4. Badania obejmowały określenie wpływu warunków prowadzenia procesu na wartość momentu działającego na narzędzie. Wyniki badań wykazały, że wzrost prędkości obrotowej narzędzia powoduje zmniejszenie momentu działającego na nie. Równocześnie wykazano, iż wzrost prędkości przesuwu narzędzia powoduje wzrost momentu. Z badań metalograficznych wynika, że głębokość oddziaływania narzędzia w dużym stopniu zależy od prędkości obrotowej narzędzia, a w mniejszym od prędkości jego przesuwu.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 2 spec.; 213-216
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Time of exposure to grain processing disinfection in strong electric fields
Autorzy:
Bereka, O.
Usenko, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
strong electric field decontamination processing
grain weight
nomogram
treatment dose
ozone treat-ment exposure
humidity
Opis:
A prototype installation is presented developed at the Department of Electric and Electro Technology of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, in which, with appropriate electric field intensity in air inclusions partial grain mass discharges are occurring and, accordingly, throughout the volume of products ozone is formed, the concentration of which is governed by the electric field. The results of investigation of barley moisture effect on ozone concentration in the grain mass under the action of a strong electric field are discussed and a nomogram is developed for determining the time required for an effective dose of antiseptic treatment of barley.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2013, 2, 2; 27-30
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural treatment of woolen processing industry wastewater
Autorzy:
Qurashi, S.
Sahu, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
waste water
natural treatment
woolen processing industry
waste water treatment
environment protection
public health
industrial waste water
chemical oxygen demand
biological oxygen demand
Opis:
Wastewater treatment is becoming ever more critical due to diminishing water resources, increasing wastewater disposal costs, and stricter discharge regulations that have lowered permissible contaminant levels in waste streams. The ultimate goal of wastewater management is the protection of the environment in a manner commensurate with public health and socio-economic concerns. The aim of our study is to use natural occurring plant (Pistia stratiotes) to reduce the chemical oxygen demand and color from the industrial waste water. It was found that 120 mg/l of Chemical oxygen demand and 85 mg/l of color reduction was observed with Pistia stratiotes.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 05
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Usuwanie fosforanów z wykorzystaniem osadów potechnologicznych pochodzących ze stacji uzdatniania wody
Removal of Phosphates with Post-technological Sludge from Water Treatment Plant
Autorzy:
Totczyk, G.
Klugiewicz, I.
Pasela, R.
Górski, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
osady z uzdatniania wody
osady pokoagulacyjne zawierające glin
defosfatacja
TZB
oczyszczalnia ścieków
water processing sludge
alumina water processing sludge
dephosphatation
RBC
sewage treatment plant
Opis:
With the treatment of water, especially surface waters, there is produced a high amount of sewage and sludge. They make up a serious ecology problem that due to a high volume and the content of sludge of iron or aluminium oxide-hydroxide or, pollution which occur in the intaken water (mineral and organic substances, algae, protozoa and bacteria) as well as the chemicals added. The environmental protection requires limiting materials as well as it makes you search for effective waste management problem-solving methods. The waste generated at present during water treatment most often undergo dehydration and drying and then they are deposited at the landfill site. The currently binding environmental protection law makes you look for the possibilities of the use of sludge as recycled materials, e.g. in brick factories, cement factories or with sewage treatment. Sludge containing aluminium or iron can be used e.g. in the process of municipal sewage treatment. The application of sludge containing aluminium for dephosphatation has the advantage of protecting the system from secondary release of precipitated phosphates in the environment deprived of dissolved oxygen. The possibilities of sludge application to remove phosphates differ, depend not only on the sludge characteristics but also on the sewage treatment process. The article demonstrates the results of research into using sludge derived from water treatment station in Lubicz to remove phosphates from sewage. At present the sludge after sedimentation and mechanical dehydration with the filtration press finally reaches the municipal landfill site. The sludge, applied for research, concentrated in settling vessels, is a mixture of post-coagulation sludge and washings from anthracite-sand and carbon filters. Its hydration accounting for 98,7% shows a high colour, above 80 mg Pt/dm3, it contains about 2,6 g/dm3 of aluminium as well as organic compounds expressed with BOD5 value equal 170 mg O2/dm3. The sludge shows a high COD of 3990 mg O2/dm3, and organic substance – for 31,6% of dry weight. The study of effectiveness of the removal of phosphates was made with the vessel test method. The sludge was dispensed at a changing volume from 0,5 to 100 cm3 per 1 dm3 of prepared water and then sewage. Both in water and in sewage there was recorded a 90% removal of phosphates by applying 80 cm3 of sludge per 1 dm3 of the sample. Additionally there was investigated the effect of dispensed sludge on the effectiveness of sewage treatment with the model of the treatment plant with rotating biological contactors. Applying the rate of 40 cm3 of sludge per 1 dm3 produced 96,0% elimination of COD, 97,7% removal of organic compounds characterised with the values of COD and BOD5 as well as 100% removal of phosphates. Finally it was found that it is possible to use the sludge to remove phosphates from sludge. During dephosphatation there was reported no use-up of the natural alkalinity of sewage. Sludge dispensing did not result in a decrease in the effectiveness of sewage treatment with the method of rotating biological contactors. The research is preliminary in nature and it needs to be continued.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2015, Tom 17, cz. 2; 1660-1673
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 27

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