Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Yield evaluation of maize varieties grown for grain in the organic and integrated system

Autorzy:

Księżak, Jerzy

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147735.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-06

Wydawca:

Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

maize
grain yield
organic production system
integrated production system
plant structure
cob structure
biometric measurements

Opis:

The research aimed to determine the yield level of selected maize varieties grown for grain with organic and inte-grated farming systems. The field experiment was conducted in 2017–2019 at Kępa Agricultural Experimental Station using the method of crossed sub-block method in 4 replications. The first-order factor was the maize variety, the second-order factor – the production system. The assessed maize varieties cultivated in the integrated system (after wheat and stubble intercrop in combi-nation with natural and mineral fertilization) yielded better, on average by 12.1% than in the organic system. Maize grown in the integrated system was characterized by a 4.1% greater weight of a thousand grains, a 3.6% greater weight of grain from one cob, and a 2% greater number of grains per cob than in the organic system. The maize plants were about 6.5% higher and set the cob about 10% higher than in the organic system. However, the length and diameter of the cob as well as the proportion of grain in the cob were similar in both production systems. In the organic system, the cultivation of the cultivars Ambrosini and Silvestre ensured a yield level higher by about 8% (on average 9.4 t ha-1) compared to the average yields of the cultivars Smolitop and Ricardinio. In the integrated system, Ambrosini and Ricardinio yielded better (on average 10 t ha-1), the grain yield was 9.2% higher than the other two cultivars. In both production systems, Smolitop had the lowest yield; its yield was around 10% lower than that of Ambro-sini in the organic system and that of Ricardinio in the integrated system. The highest weight and number of grains per cob, irre-spectively of the production system, was characterized by Ricar-dinio, and the lowest by Smolitop (the difference was 5.1% and 9.4%, respectively). Ambrosini was characterized by the smallest caryopsis (307 g on average), while Smolitop was larger by about 21 g. Plants of Ricardinio were the tallest and set the cob highest on the stem regardless of the production system. However, the length and diameter of the cob of the tested cultivars were similar.

Źródło:

Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2021, 45; 12-20
2081-2787

Pojawia się w:

Polish Journal of Agronomy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Morphology and symbolism of trees. General habit

Autorzy:

Galera, Halina

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703226.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

plant structure
world record holders among plants
symbolic plant motifs
arbor mundi
axis mundi
the Tree of Life

Opis:

Morphology is the study of the form, shape and structure of an organism. The connection between the morphology and symbolism of trees is associated with the spirituals bonds existing between humans and trees. The common terms, such as „tree”, „trunk”, „branch”, „root”, „fruit”, „flower”, „leaf” have a specific meaning in botany. In addition these terms carry various symbolic meanings. This article attempts to analyse symbolic plant motifs which were based on the morphological structure of trees. The symbolic significance of trees is associated with their specific structure: the crown represents the mystical heaven, the trunk symbolizes the earthly world, the roots extend deep into the underworld. Possibly the best known cosmic tree (arbor mundi) is the Scandinavian Ash or Yggdrasil. It also represents the axis mundi – the centre of the world. Tree-like diagrams which graphically illustrate genealogies refer to the structure of trees as well (e.g. the tree of Jesse). Trees are the largest and longest living organisms on our planet. Among the tallest trees in the world are: Sequoia sempervirens „Hyperion” from California (measuring 115,5 m), and Eucalyptus regnans „Icarus Dream” from Tasmania (97 m high). The largest tree in terms of total volume is Sequoiadendron giganteum „General Sherman” in California (1500 cubic meters). The myth of the Ultimate Lotus Tree Sidrat al-Muntaha – that marks the end of the seventh heaven is a reference to a very large tree (probably Zizyphus lotus, however its specimen are not so large). The oldest known living specimen is the „Methuselah”, a bristle cone pine Pinus longaeva in California, which is estimated to be about 5000 years old. Taxus baccata from Henryków Lubański is the oldest tree (1250 years-old) on record in Poland. Due to their long life span, trees can be seen as “monuments”, which remind the world of important events in history, eg. the sycamore tree destroyed during the terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre on September 11, 2001, whose roots were used in preparation for the sculpture honoring St. Paul’s Church. Tree symbolism also relates to changes in the appearance of trees that result from their life cycle and phenology. Trees, which lose their leaves in winter and produce new ones in spring, symbolize rebirth after death. Therefore, the cosmic tree is also called the Tree of Life. In Japanese culture the seasonal changes in the appearance of trees indicated the passage of time. In many cultures around the world trees were held sacred because they were believed to be the homes of certain gods (e.g. Ficus sycomorus in ancient Egipt, oak trees in Slavic and German legends). It should be noted, however, that the trees themselves were not the objects of worship but the gods who were thought to dwell in these trees. Nowadays the respect people have for trees stems from other reasons.

Źródło:

Nauka; 2007, 2
1231-8515

Pojawia się w:

Nauka

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

The structure of floral elements of Anchusa officinalis L. creating attractants for insects
Struktura elementów kwiatowych Anchusa officinalis L. tworzących atraktanty dla owadów

Autorzy:

Chwil, M.
Weryszko-Chmielewska, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28569.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

plant structure
flora
Anchusa officinalis
creating attractant
attractant
insect
plant element
micromorphology
sepal
petal
stamen
stigma
pollen grain

Opis:

The present study involved the measurement of size and the micromorphology of the floral elements of Anchusa officinalis L. which are attractants for insects. The structure of the epidermis on the surface of the calyx, petals, throat scales, pistil and nectary were analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For light microscopy observations, semi-permanent slides were prepared, which were treated with Lugol’s iodine solution, Sudan III and fluoroglucine. The dark violet lobes of the corolla of Anchusa officinalis, with a velvety surface, and the throat scales, contrasting with them, belong to the most important optical attractants which lure insects from large distances. The dark pink colouring of the sepals additionally increases the attractiveness of the flowers. The epidermis covering the calyx formed different-sized non-glandular trichomes as well as glandular trichomes. The glandular trichomes were composed of a uni – or bicellular leg and a unicellular head. The colour of the corolla petals was determined by anthocyanins accumulated in the epidermal cells and in the more deeply situated parenchyma. The velvety surface was formed by the conical papillae, densely growing from the adaxial epidermis. The pink-violet throat scales with white hairs, covering the inlet to the tube of the corolla, were found at the inlet to the corolla throat. The longest trichomes on the surface of the scales were located in their lower and middle parts, whereas the shortest ones at their tips. The epidermis of the central part of the throat scales formed small papillae. The trichomes had thin cell walls, large vacuoles, numerous plastids and lipid droplets. The two-parted stigma of the pistil was covered by characteristic expanded outgrowths with wavy edges which performed the functions of structures facilitating the capture of pollen grains. As a result of the present study it was found that the structures affecting the attractiveness of the flowers, through various light effects within the corolla of Anchusa officinalis, include the papillae on the corolla surface, trichomes of the throat scales and the epidermal cells of the style. The trichomes of the scales can also be responsible for protecting pollen and nectar against rainfall.
Przeprowadzone badania obejmowały pomiary wielkości oraz mikromorfologię elementów kwiatowych Anchusa officinalis L. stanowiących atraktanty dla owadów. W mikroskopie świetlnym i skaningowym elektronowym (SEM) analizowano strukturę epidermy na powierzchni kielicha, płatków korony, osklepek, słupka i nektarnika. Do obserwacji w mikroskopie świetlnym przygotowano półtrwałe preparaty, które traktowano: płynem Lugola, Sudanem III i fluoroglucyną. Ciemnofioletowe łatki korony Anchusa officinalis o aksamitnej powierzchni i kontrastujące z nimi jasne osklepki należą do najważniejszych atraktantów optycznych przywabiających owady z dużych odległości. Ciemnoróżowe zabarwienie działek kielicha zwiększa dodatkowo atrakcyjność kwiatów. Epiderma okrywająca kielich tworzyła włoski mechaniczne różnej wielkości oraz włoski gruczołowe. Włoski gruczołowe składały się z jedno- lub dwukomórkowej nóżki i jednokomórkowej główki. Barwę płatków korony warunkowały antocyjany zgromadzone w wakuolach komórek epidermy i głębiej leżącej parenchymy. Aksamitną powierzchnię tworzyły zwarcie wyrastające z doosiowej epidermy stożkowate papille. Przy wlocie do gardzieli korony występowały różowo-fioletowe osklepki z białymi włoskami osłaniającymi wlot do rurki korony. Najdłuższe włoski na powierzchni osklepek występowały w dolnej i środkowej ich części, a najkrótsze na szczycie. Epiderma centralnej części osklepek wytwarzała niewielkie papille. Włoski miały cienkie ściany komórkowe, duże wakuole, liczne plastydy i lipidowe krople. Dwudzielne znamię słupka było pokryte charakterystycznymi rozszerzonymi wyrostkami o pofałdowanych brzegach, które pełniły funkcje struktur ułatwiających zatrzymywanie ziaren pyłku. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że do struktur wpływających na atrakcyjność kwiatów poprzez zróżnicowane efekty świetlne w obrębie korony Anchusa officinalis należą papille na powierzchni płatków, włoski osklepek oraz komórki epidermy szyjki słupka. Włoski osklepek mogą być również odpowiedzialne za osłonę pyłku i nektaru przed deszczem.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2009, 62, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

Evaluation of yielding of pea mixtures with spring wheat grown for seed on good soils
Ocena plonowania mieszanek grochu z pszenicą jarą uprawianych na nasiona na glebach dobrych

Autorzy:

Księżak, J.
Bojarszczuk, J.
Staniak, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950518.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych

Tematy:

wheat
pea
mixture
organic farm
yield
plant structure
pszenica
groch
mieszanka
gospodarstwo ekologiczne
plon
struktura roślin

Opis:

Increasing the percentage of pea seeds from 40 to 80% had only a little impact on the yield of mixtures. Significantly larger yields were recorded only in 2012 with Tarchalska variety pea, when the percentage of pea amounted to 60%. Average yields of mixtures seeds with a semi-leafless variety Tarchalska and Wiato variety with bipinnate leaves were very similar. The percentage of pea seeds in the yield of mixtures (regardless of the foliage type) were much smaller than in the weight of the sown seeds. The seeds of pea of Wiato variety had a larger percentage in the mixtures yield compared to the seeds of pea variety Tarchalska. Increasing the pea percentage in the mixture resulted in an increase in the number of nodes with pods per plant and in the thousand seeds weight in both evaluated varieties, while with Tarchalska variety, it resulted in significant decrease in the weight and number of seeds per plant. Small changes in the height of pea plant as well as in the length of the fruiting part of steam, dry weight of the stem per plant and the weight of siliques were observed.
Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena plonowania mieszanek grochu z pszenicą jarą w zależności od odmiany grochu i jego udziału w masie wysiewanych nasion, uprawianych według zasad rolnictwa ekologicznego. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w CDR Radom (gospodarstwo Chwałowice) w latach 2011-2012, w układzie losowanych podbloków (split-plot), w 4 powtórzeniach. Czynnikiem I rzędu były odmiany grochu: Wiato (liście parzystopierzaste) i Tarchalska (wąsolist-na), a czynnikiem II rzędu udział grochu w mieszance: 40, 60 i 80%. Określano plon nasion mieszanki, udział komponentów w plonie, masę tysiąca nasion oraz strukturę roślin. W badaniach wykazano, że zwiększanie udziału nasion grochu przy wysiewie z 40 do 80% miało niewielki wpływ na poziom plonowania mieszanek. Istotnie różnice zanotowano tylko w 2012 roku, w którym mieszanka z 60% udziałem grochu odmiany Tarchalska plonowała istotnie wyżej niż pozostałe mieszanki. Udział nasion grochu w plonie mieszanek (niezależnie od odmiany) był znacznie niższy niż w masie wysiewanych nasion. Większy udział w plonie stanowiły nasiona grochu odmiany o tradycyjnym ulistnieniu Wiato niż wąsolistnej odmiany Tarchalska. Zwiększenie udziału grochu w mieszance powodowało wzrost liczby węzłów ze strąkami i strąków na roślinie oraz MTN u obu ocenianych odmian, a u odmiany Tarchalska powodowało również istotne zmniejszenie masy i liczby nasion na roślinie. Małym zmianom ulegała wysokość roślin grochu, długość części owocującej łodygi, sucha masa łodygi jednej rośliny oraz masa strączyn.

Źródło:

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2014, 59, 4; 20-25
1642-686X
2719-423X

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

Hydromorphological Effect of Introducing Small Water Structures in River Restoration – the Example of PBHS Implementation

Autorzy:

Kałuża, T.
Szoszkiewicz, K.
Szałkiewicz, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123707.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej

Tematy:

river restoration
hydromorphology
river flow pattern
hydrodynamic conditions
plant basket hydraulic structure

Opis:

The work attempts to determine the impact of small hydrotechnical structures on channel hydromorphology as a measure of river restoration. The experiment was set up in Flinta River in Polish lowland where extensive hydromorphological survey was competed. At the first stage of restoration project containers filled with plant clumps working as sediment traps (plant basket hydraulic structures – PBHS) were introduced. Those structures were relatively small but at the same time, large enough to change the river flow efficiently – working like low crested weirs. Two year monitoring program provided information about the impact of introducing such structures on river morphology and explained the PBHS impact on flow pattern of the river.

Źródło:

Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 2; 90-96
2299-8993

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Ecological Engineering

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

Influence of undersown species on maize yielding
Wpływ gatunku wsiewki na plonowanie kukurydzy

Autorzy:

Księżak, J.
Bojarszczuk, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337022.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych

Tematy:

maize
Zea mays L.
species undersown
structure of maize plant
kukurydza
gatunki wsiewek
struktura roślin

Opis:

The field experiment was conducted in the years 2014-2016 at AES Grabów (Mazowieckie Voivodeship), belonging to Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Puławy, (Poland) and in ecological farm in Chwałowice (Poland) in the years of 2014-2015. The trial was conducted in the randomized block method, in four replications. The following treatments were compared: control and intercrop sowings with: buckwheat, phacelia, white mustard and white clover. The inter-row cultivation of buckwheat, phacelia, white mustard and white clover had a positive effect on maize yield. On average, for the four species of the intercrops, the yield increase was 17-22%, and in Grabów, in the year with unfavorable distribution of total precipitation, this increase was significantly higher and amounted to about 60%. In the summers with favorable weather conditions (2014 and 2016), intersowing buckwheat proved the least useful in Grabów, while in the dry year, as well as in Chwałowice, this species was less competitive than maize. Intersowing different species into maize crops had a relatively small effect on the dry matter content of whole plants and cobs, while in Grabów in 2015, with unfavorable weather conditions, it had a positive effect on its content. In Grabów, the structure of maize plants was little diversified by the applied intercrop species. The lowest share of the cob was recorded in 2014. In Chwałowice, maize grown with intercrops formed cobs only in 2014. In this location, intercrops stimulated the number of grains produced per cob, while in Grabów, an intercrop species had a small impact on the number of grains per cob.
Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w latach 2014-2016 w RZD Grabów (woj. mazowieckie), należącym do IUNG-PIB w Puławach, oraz w latach 2014-2015 w Pokazowym Gospodarstwie Ekologicznym w Chwałowicach, należącym do CDR Radom. Doświadczenie przeprowadzono metodą podbloków losowanych w 4 powtórzeniach. Porównywano następujące obiekty: kontrola, gatunki wsiewki: gryka, facelia, gorczyca biała, koniczyna biała. Uprawa w międzyrzędziach gryki, facelii, gorczycy białej i koniczyny białej wpływała korzystnie na plonowanie kukurydzy. Średnio dla czterech gatunków wsiewki, zwiększenie plonów wynosiło 17-22%, a w Grabowie w roku o niekorzystnym rozkładzie i sumie opadów było znacząco większe i wynosiło około 60%. W Grabowie w latach o sprzyjającym przebiegu warunków atmosferycznych (2014 i 2016) najmniej celowe było wsiewanie gryki, a w roku suchym, jak również w Chwałowicach, gatunek ten był mniej konkurencyjny dla kukurydzy. Wsiewanie różnych gatunków wsiewek w łan kukurydzy miało stosunkowo niewielki wpływ na zawartość suchej masy w całych roślinach i kolbach. Natomiast w Grabowie w roku o niesprzyjającym przebiegu pogody (2015) korzystnie wpływało na jej zawartość. W Grabowie struktura roślin kukurydzy była stosunkowo mało różnicowana zastosowanym gatunkiem wsiewki, a udział kolby był najmniejszy w 2014 roku. Natomiast w Chwałowicach, kukurydza uprawiana z wsiewkami zawiązała kolby tylko w 2014 roku. W Chwałowicach wsiewki wpływały stymulująco na liczbę wytworzonych ziaren na kolbie, a w Grabowie gatunek wsiewki miał stosunkowo mały wpływ na zaziarnienie kolby.

Źródło:

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2018, 63, 2; 129-135
1642-686X
2719-423X

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Struktura i kondycja zdrowotna populacji „Cisy Łagowsko-Sulęcińskie” w Nadleśnictwie Świebodzin
Structure and health condition of the population of the „Cisy Lagowsko-Sulecinskie” in the Swiebodzin Forest District

Autorzy:

Nawrocka-Grzeskowiak, U.
Nowak, G.
Nowakowska, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791568.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi

Tematy:

pomniki przyrody
Cisy Lagowsko-Sulecinskie
cis pospolity
Taxus baccata
stan zdrowotny drzew
warunki klimatyczne
populacje drzew lesnych
struktura populacji
warunki glebowe
runo lesne
sklad gatunkowy
nature monument
Swiebodzin Forest District
plant population
plant structure
health condition
tree
common yew
yew
tree health
Lagow-Sulecin Landscape Park
forest tree

Źródło:

Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2017, 11
2081-1438
2391-4106

Pojawia się w:

Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Structure of Kalanchoe pumila Bak. leaves (Crassulaceae DC.)
Struktura liści Kalanchoe pumila Bak. (Crassulaceae DC.)

Autorzy:

Chernetskyy, M.
Weryszko-Chmielewska, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27963.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

leaf structure
Kalanchoe pumila
leaf
Crassulaceae
plant morphology
plant anatomy
ultrastructure

Opis:

The structure of Kalanchoё pumila Bak. was studied with the use of stereoscopic, light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the chlorenchymatic tissue was divided into subepidermal small-celled mesophyll and large-celled (water transporting, CAM type) mesophyll, placed in the central part of the leaf. The mesophyll structure and its cell ultrastructure indicate C3 photosynthesis in this taxon, whereas CAM photosynthesis, being an adaptive syndrome, is induced by external factors. Three groups of xeromorphic traits were observed in the structure of K. pumila leaves, related to: 1) storing water in the ground and epidermal tissues, 2) decreased transpiration (the closing of stomata during heat), 3) avoiding excess insolation of the mesophyll and overheating of the leaf (striated cuticula, anthocyan pigments, tannin storage). The last two groups of xeromorphic traits also include thickening of the outer walls of cuticular cells, a thick-layered cuticula, and the presence of epicuticular wax and calcium carbonate deposits. Microchannels which enhance transpiration effi ciency in developing K. pumila leaves were found in the vicinity of anticlinal walls in the outer walls of epidermal cells. Calcium deposits produced on the leaf surfaces protect them in extreme conditions. Adaptive traits in the structure of K. pumila leaves are conservative and they confi rm the relations between this taxon and the conditions in their native land.
Przy zastosowaniu mikroskopii stereoskopowej, świetlnej oraz skaningowej i transmisyjnej elektronowej badano strukturę liści Kalanchoё pumila Bak. Stwierdzono, że tkanka chlorenchymatyczna w liściach jest podzielona na mezofi l drobnokomórkowy subepidermalny oraz mezofi l wielkokomórkowy (wodonośny, typu CAM) położony w środkowej części liścia. Budowa mezofi lu i ultrastruktura jego komórek wskazuje na C3 typ fotosyntezy u tego taksonu, a fotosynteza typu CAM, jako syndrom przystosowawczy, indukowana jest czynnikami zewnętrznymi. W strukturze liści K. pumila zaobserwowano trzy grupy cech kseromorfi cznych związanych z: 1) magazynowaniem wody w tkance miękiszowej i epidermalnej, 2) obniżeniem transpiracji (zamknięcie aparatów szparkowych w czasie upału), 3) ze zmniejszeniem nasłonecznienia mezofi lu i przegrzewania liścia (prążkowana kutykula, występowanie barwników antocyjanowych, gromadzenie substancji garbnikowych). Dwie ostatnie grupy cech kseromorfi cznych obejmują ponadto: zgrubienie zewnętrznej ściany komórek skórki, grubowarstwową kutykulę, występowanie wosku epikutykularnego oraz złogów węglanu wapnia. W sąsiedztwie ścian antyklinalnych w zewnętrznych ścianach komórek epidermy wykazano obecność mikrokanalików, które niewątpliwie zwiększają zdolność wyparowania wody w rozwijających się liściach roślin K. pumila w czasie wegetacji. Jednakże wyprodukowane na powierzchni liści osady wapienne chronią te organy w warunkach ekstremalnych. Cechy adaptacyjne występujące w strukturze liści K. pumila są konserwatywne i potwierdzają związek tego taksonu z warunkami występowania w ojczyźnie.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2008, 61, 2
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

'Sweet but dangerous': nectaries in carnivorous plants
'Slodkie ale niebezpieczne': nektarniki u roslin miesozernych

Autorzy:

Plachno, B J

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28105.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

osmophore
carnivorous syndrome
nectar
nectary
carnivorous plant
nectary structure
pollination
plant cytology

Opis:

In carnivorous plants, two types of nectaries occur: extra- floral nectaries, generally associated with prey luring, and floral ones associated with pollination. Nectar produced by extra-floral nectaries not only attracts prey but may also be involved in trapping prey and plays a role in myrmecophily. The diversity of nectary structure in carnivorous plants reflects complicated evolutionary routes in this unique ecological group.
U roślin mięsożernych występują dwa typy nektarników: kwiatowe oraz pozakwiatowe. Pierwsze odpowiadają za wabienie zapylaczy, natomiast drugie za przywabienie zdobyczy. Nektar wytwarzany przez nektarniki pozakwiatowe jest produkowany przede wszystkim w celu zwabienia zdobyczy, ale może także uczestniczyć w mutualistycznych interakcjach pomiędzy rośliną mięsożerną a mrówkami. Zróżnicowana architektura nektarników u roślin mięsożernych jest skorelowana ze skomplikowaną ewolucją tej specyficznej grupy ekologicznej roślin.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2007, 60, 2
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Low genetic diversity in the endangered population of Viola uliginosa in its locus classicus at Rzaska near Cracow [southern Poland] as revealed by AFLP markers

Autorzy:

Cieslak, E
Paul, W.
Ronikier, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58111.pdf

Data publikacji:

2006

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

genetic diversity
endangered population
Viola uliginosa
Rzaska n.Krakow
Polska
AFLP marker
plant conservation
rare plant
threatened plant
wet habitat
genetic structure
population structure

Opis:

An extremely endangered population of Viola uliginosa Besser at the classical locality of this taxon has been studied. The AFLP analysis was based on 18 specimens of V. uliginosa (about 10% of preserved individuals); additionally, two individuals of V. riviniana were included in the data set as the out group. A high genetical uniformity of the whole population (similarity indexes close to 1) was detected. It was not correlated significantly with the spatial distribution of the plants. The study serves as a basis for practical conservation measures and at the same time as a starting point for a more extensive research on the genetical variability of the species throughout its range.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2006, 75, 3; 245-251
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

Effect of genotype and media composition on embryoid induction and plant regeneration from anther culture in triticale

Autorzy:

Slusarkiewicz-Jarzina, A
Ponitka, A

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046679.pdf

Data publikacji:

1997

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

plant regeneration
microspore
triticale
haploid plant
anther culture
embryonic structure
androgenesis
somatic embryo

Opis:

Anthers of twenty triticale genotypes were cultured on three different media: 1 - PII (Chuang et al. 1978) with increased 2,4-D to 2 mg L⁻¹ and agarose 6 g L⁻¹ , 2 - Macro-, micronutrients and vitamines like in MN6 (Chu, Hill 1988) + 2 mg L⁻¹ 2.4-D + 0.5 mg L⁻¹ KIN + 5 mg L⁻¹ FeEDTA + 90 g L⁻¹ sucrose; 3 - Macro-, micronutrients and vitamines like in MN6 (Chu, Hill, 1988) + 2 mg L⁻¹ 2.4-D + 0.5 mg L⁻¹ KIN + 5 mg L⁻¹ FeEDTA + 120 g L⁻¹ sucrose. Embryoid induction and plant regeneration were influenced by donor plant genotype and induction medium. Medium 1 was the best for embryoid induction, while for green plant regeneration the best were media 1 and 2. Out of 300 anthers from each genotype plated on each of the three media, 64-1250, 12-486 and 6-212 somatic embryos and 8-86, 3-136 and 1-26 green plants were recorded, on media 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

Źródło:

Journal of Applied Genetics; 1997, 38, 3; 253-258
1234-1983

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Applied Genetics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

New functionality of RNAComposer: an application to shape the axis of miR160 precursor structure

Autorzy:

Antczak, Maciej
Popenda, Mariusz
Zok, Tomasz
Sarzynska, Joanna
Ratajczak, Tomasz
Tomczyk, Katarzyna
Adamiak, Ryszard
Szachniuk, Marta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038732.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne

Tematy:

RNA 3D structure prediction
RNAComposer
plant miRNA precursor

Opis:

RNAComposer is a fully automated, web-interfaced system for RNA 3D structure prediction, freely available at http://rnacomposer.cs.put.poznan.pl/ and http://rnacomposer.ibch.poznan.pl/. Its main components are: manually curated database of RNA 3D structure elements, highly efficient computational engine and user-friendly web application. In this paper, we demonstrate how the latest additions to the system allow the user to significantly affect the process of 3D model composition on several computational levels. Although in general our method is based on the knowledge of secondary structure topology, currently the RNAComposer offers a choice of six incorporated programs for secondary structure prediction. It also allows to apply a conditional search in the database of 3D structure elements and introduce user-provided elements into the final 3D model. This new functionality contributes to a significant improvement of the predicted 3D model reliability and it facilitates a better model adjustment to the experimental data. This is exemplified based on the RNAComposer application for modelling of the 3D structures of precursors of the miR160 family members.

Źródło:

Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2016, 63, 4; 737-744
0001-527X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Biochimica Polonica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

Growth characteristics and needle structure in some interspecific hybrids of Abies cephalonica Loud

Autorzy:

Kormutak, A.
Galgoci, M.
Manka, P.
Bolecek, P.
Camek, V.
Vookova, B.
Gomory, D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41685.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

plant growth
needle structure
interspecific hybrid
Abies cephalonica
Greek fir
cross hybrid
plant anatomy

Opis:

The height growth dynamics of three interspecific crosses with Greek fir (Abies cephalonica Loud.) acting as mother and a control variant from self-pollination were followed throughout a period of 30 years. The hybrid combination A. cephalonica × A. nordmanniana exhibited enhanced growth relative to the selfed control at stage of 4-year old seedlings already, whereas the hybrid A. cephalonica × A. alba only at stage of 9-year old saplings. At age of 30, the heterotic growth persisted only in the latter, the hybrid A. cephalonica × A.nordmanniana was comparable in height growth parameters with a selfed control. The interspecific cross A. cephalonica × A. numidica was remarkable by its accelerated growth during early stages of the development. At age of 4 years it has surpassed in height growth both A. cephalonica × A. alba and control but has declined profoundly during subsequent stages of its development. A conspicuous feature of the hybrid needle anatomy were abundant resin canals and reduced size of some anatomical traits of its needles. In spite of variable growth potentials, all the three interspecific hybrids are recommended for planting in Slovakia, especially at densely polluted areas where domestic silver fir cannot withstand emission pressure.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Compression of berry-like cell between two plates - role of internal stress

Autorzy:

Blahovec, J.
Posva, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25043.pdf

Data publikacji:

1996

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

internal structure
berry-like fruit
compression
internal stress
membrane
plant cell
fleshy fruit
plant tissue

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 1996, 10, 2
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Rapid callogenesis and plant regeneration of fine and coarse varieties of rice

Autorzy:

Khokhar, M.I.
Iqbal, M.Z.
Teixeira da Silva, J.A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80293.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

rice
coarse structure
fine structure
plant regeneration
callogenesis
6-benzyladenine
callus induction
root formation
kinetin

Źródło:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2017, 98, 4
0860-7796

Pojawia się w:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

The effect of water conditions on the phenology and age structure of Luronium natans [L.] Raf. populations

Autorzy:

Szmeja, J
Bazydlo, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56879.pdf

Data publikacji:

2005

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

development stage
water condition
Luronium natans
age structure
European endemic plant
aquatic plant
phenology
population

Opis:

The study presents the results of the analysis of development stages of Luronium natans (L.) Raf. depending on water conditions (pH, light, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic carbon) in 21 populations in north-western Poland. The fractions of seedlings, juvenile, mature and generative stems, as well as the course of phenological phenomena were determined. Seedlings are sparse and can be found from May to July. Most of them occur in waters ranging from slightly acid to neutral (pH 6.0-7.0) with TP concentrations of 10-20 µg dm-3, TN concentrations < 1.0 mg dm-3 and DOC concentrations of 3.5-5.0 mg dm-3, on a mineral (5-10% OC) and fairly well lit (31-40% PAR) substrate. The generative phase lasts from May to October. The flowering period is between August and mid-September. Only 35.2±9.4% of flowering stems produce fruits. The plant flowers abundantly in waters with total nitrogen concentrations > 1.2 mg dm-3, that is above the level of TN concentrations most favourable to seedlings and both juvenile and mature individuals. TP and DOC concentrations, and light intensity (PAR) do not influence the size of the generative stems fraction in populations. However, sediment structure is of importance in this respect: about 62.9% of stems flower and fruit on a mineral substrate (< 1% OC), whereas only 17.4% do so on an organic one. The results of this study may be useful in the conservation of this endangered European endemic species.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2005, 74, 3
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

The dynamics of the population of a steppe perennial Senecio macrophyllus M.BIEB. during xerothermic grassland overgrowing

Autorzy:

Czarnecka, B

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56894.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

population dynamics
steppe plant
Senecio macrophyllus
xerothermic grassland
life-stage structure

Opis:

The study aimed to determine the long-term changes of the Senecio macrophyllus M.BIEB. population traits: the abundance, reproduction mode, individual fecundity, seed rain and recruitment of new genets in the course of xerothermic grassland overgrowing. The study had also the applied goal: to estimate the chances of "special care" species to survive in the changing environment without management regime for the maintenance of grassland. The model object was the island population of large-leaved ragwort on Biała Góra (the White Mountain) near Tomaszów Lubelski, South-East Poland. To achieve these aims I used the following sets of data: phytosociological relev,s made in plant communities in an interval of 16-18 years; repeated elaboration of the numbers and life-stage structure of the population, both by non-surface and surface method; observation of plants, life cycle in 50 labelled genets; population reproduction and seed rain amounts. The area of an open xerothermic grassland decreased due to the process of overgrowing by bushes which was accompanied by the increasing coverage of forest and meadow herbs as well as monocotyledons, mainly Brachypodium pinnatum and Calamagrostis epigejos. The abundance of the S. macrophyllus population noticable diminished. The flowering mode has been changing during years from an oscillation to a chaotic type which caused the significant decreasing of the individual fecundity, population reproduction and seed rain. In last years it was reflected in the interruption of juveniles’ recruitment.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2009, 78, 3; 247-256
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

Quantitative method for determining cell structural parameters of plant tissues

Autorzy:

Konstankiewicz, K.
Pawlak, K.
Zdunek, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24956.pdf

Data publikacji:

2001

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

quantitative method
plant tissue
cell structure
potato
parenchyma
tuber
image analysis

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 2001, 15, 3
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Hiring cell gatekeepers – ABC transporters in plant biotechnology

Autorzy:

Szewczak, A.
Ziomkiewicz, I.
Jasinski, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80332.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

ATP-binding cassette
catalytic activity
drought resistance
membrane transport
molecular structure
phytoremediation
plant biotechnology
plant hormone
plant physiology
secondary metabolite
transmembrane domain

Źródło:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2011, 92, 2
0860-7796

Pojawia się w:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

Waste management problems on an example of small sewage treatment plants
Problemy gospodarki osadowej na przykładzie małych oczyszczalni ścieków

Autorzy:

Wira, J.
Wira, D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/85061.pdf

Data publikacji:

2003

Wydawca:

Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku

Tematy:

waste management
small sewage treatment plant
treatment plant
sewage treatment
sludge structure
sludge source
environment contamination
environment pollution

Źródło:

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2003, 06
1643-0115

Pojawia się w:

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

Structural and ultrastructural study of Capsicum annuum leaves after treatment with Uncaria tomentosa bark extracts

Autorzy:

Tykarska, T
Gulewicz, K.
Zobel, A.
Augustynowicz, J.
Zurowska, K.
Kuras, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56812.pdf

Data publikacji:

2003

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

uncaria tomentosa
structure
extract
Capsicum annuum
treatment
greenhouse condition
leaf
ultrastructure
plant

Opis:

The influence of an Uncaria tomentosa extract on the development of Capsicum plants grown in green-house conditions was examined. The effect of the treatment was investigated with microscopic techniques (light and electron microscope) in leaves from three levels of control plants and plants after treatment with the extract added to the soil in doses of 0.4 and 16 mg/ml (200 ml per pot/plant). In control leaves, changes typical of the subsequent phases of normal development were observed: nuclear chromatin became slightly condensed, plastoglobuli of chloroplasts increased in number and size, intragranal thylakoids were somewhat dilatated. In addition to such commonly occurring changes, some symptoms typical of pepper were observed in the ontogenesis of the examined plant: an increased number of spherical electron-dense deposits in vacuoles, an increased number of peroxisomes, the occurrence of numerous paracrystalline structures in chloroplasts of mature leaves, and, starting in mature leaves, expulsion of plastoglobuli from chloroplasts. After the treatment, most of those changes, leading to ageing, occurred much earlier and were more distinct. Chloroplasts, already in the youngest examined leaves, showed dilatation of intergranal thylakoids, which intensified with aging of the leaves and degradation of grana in the oldest leaves. Starch grains decreased in size and number and plastoglobuli became large. Vesiculation of ground cytoplasm in all leaves was stronger than in the control. No paracrystalline structures in chloroplasts or expulsion of plastoglobuli were observed. Another unusual phenomenon was the disappearance of spherical electron-dense deposits in the central vacuoles of cells. Those observations suggested that U. tomentosa extract enhanced the natural ontogenesis of Capsicum annuum leaves, by accelerating and enhancing the typical characteristics of ageing, and, additionally, it changed the structure and physiology of cells.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2003, 72, 3
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Analysis of the strength properties of pea stems

Autorzy:

Skubisz, G.
Kravtsova, T.I.
Velikanov, L.P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25578.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

geometrical parameter
pea plant
pea stem
strength property
anatomical structure
cutting work

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 2007, 21, 2
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Morphological description of plant root status in the different-structured soils

Autorzy:

Slowinska-Jurkiewicz, A.
Domzal, H.
Pranagal, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25972.pdf

Data publikacji:

1998

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

biopore
soil structure
soil compaction
morphological analysis
life condition
root
plant

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 1998, 12, 2
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Anther culture response in F1 hybrids of winter wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]

Autorzy:

Ponitka, A
Slusarkiewicz-Jarzina, A

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2047258.pdf

Data publikacji:

1996

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

haploid production
plant regeneration
F1 hybrid
green plant
cold treatment
albino plant
wheat
anther structure
hybrid
Triticum aestivum
winter wheat
somatic embryo

Opis:

The effect of cold pretreatment of spikes on somatic embryo induction and anther culture response of 25 F₁ winter wheat hybrids was investigated. The efficiency of androgenic embryos was the highest when spikes were incubated at 4°C for 6-9 days. A total of 2242 (73.0%) green and 885 (27.0%) albino plants were obtained from 9900 cultured anthers. Anther culture response in wheat was found to be markedly affected by the genotype of donor plants. The percentage of green plants varied from 0 to 115.7%. A great majority of anther-derived regenerants were haploids (82.35%), while the remaining plants were spontanoeus diploids (13.73%) and aneuploids (3.92%).

Źródło:

Journal of Applied Genetics; 1996, 37, 3; 253-260
1234-1983

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Applied Genetics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Variation in stage structure and fitness traits between road verge and meadow populations of Colchicum autumnale [Liliaceae]: effects of habitat quality

Autorzy:

Mroz, L

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57339.pdf

Data publikacji:

2006

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

perennial plant
variation
stage structure
fitness trait
road verge
meadow
plant population
Colchicum autumnale
Liliaceae
habitat quality

Opis:

The frequency distribution and density of three life stages as well as fitness components of the perennial plant Colchicum autumnale growing in the unmanaged road verges and in the extensive mown and grazed meadows in the Sudeten Mts. were studied. Furthermore, investigated were the effects of population size and plant size (measured as number of flowers) on reproductive success and explored if variation in reproductive and vegetative traits of adults could be associated with soil characteristics. The t-test indicated that proportions of subadults and reproductive adults were significantly lower in verge than in meadow populations, and of vegetative adults significantly higher. The plant density of reproductive adults and the reproductive adults to all adults ratio were significantly lower in verge populations compared to meadow populations. Although habitat type accounted for significant variation in stage structure, no significant difference was found between vegetative and reproductive traits in adult plants, except for the number of flowers. In verge populations the number of flowers was significantly lower as compared to meadow populations. The traits related to reproduction were not significantly influenced by population size. However, the proportion of flowers setting fruit decreased significantly with increasing number of flowers. The stepwise multiple regression revealed significant relationships between soil characteristics and number of fruits per plant, fruit set, number seeds per plant and number of leaves in vegetative adults. The results suggest that the creation of the low and relatively open vegetation cover could increase the chance of persistence of C. autumnale living in verge habitats by promoting of seed germination, seedling establishment and flowering, and they also show that the reproductive success and vegetative components of fitness are most likely influenced by habitat quality.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2006, 75, 1; 69-78
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

Regeneration of oat androgenic plants in relation to induction media and culture conditions of embryo-like structures

Autorzy:

Ponitka, A
Slusarkiewicz-Jarzina, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57988.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

oat
Avena sativa
hybrid
plant regeneration
haploid plant
doubled haploid
anther culture
embryo-like structure
culture condition

Opis:

The effect of C17 and W14 induction media on the formation of embryo-like structures (ELS) from F3 generation of nine hexaploid oat hybrids was investigated in the study. In all genotypes, the highest number of ELS (0.6 - 12.1/100 anthers) was obtained on C17 medium. The efficiency of plant regeneration on medium 190-2 was tested, in relation to different ELS culture conditions. The highest rate of green plants per 100 ELS (3.3 - 42.4) was produced by incubation at 22oC in the dark for the first two weeks. Among 36 green regenerants, 28 (77.8%) were haploid and 8 (22.2%) were spontaneous doubled haploids, fully fertile. After colchicine treatment of haploid plants, 19 were partially fertile and set from 1 to 15 seed per panicle.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2009, 78, 3; 209-213
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

Are hermaphrodites better adapted to the colonization process in trioecious populations of Salix myrsinifolia?

Autorzy:

Mirski, P.
Brzosko, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56794.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

trioecious plant
hermaphroditism
colonization
trioecious population
Salix myrsinifolia
subdioecy
polygamic system
plant gender
size structure
sexual dimorphism
sex ratio

Opis:

In trioecious plant populations, the role of hermaphroditism is often uncertain. We investigated the advantages of hermaphroditism in the dioecious shrub Salix myrsinifolia. The sex ratio of 30 S. myrsinifolia populations in northeastern Poland (secondary range) and Lithuania (primary range) was investigated in 2010-2011. Measures of reproductive (number of catkins, number of flowers in catkins) and vegetative traits (height, diameter, number of shoots, vitality) were taken and compared among sexual morphs. In two populations, measurements collected 14 years prior on marked individuals were used to determine the rate of changes in height, crown diameter and survivorship rates. We found trioecy mostly in the secondary part of the range with an average share of hermaphrodites reaching 21% in the trioecious populations. The sex ratio varied between populations, but tended mostly towards female domination. Several traits differed significantly among sexes. The characteristics of hermaphrodites were often intermediate between males and females and provided no evidence for the higher competitive abilities of hermaphrodites. We concluded that the possible gain of hermaphroditism in the colonization process is restricted to reproduction. We consider hermaphroditism in S. myrsinifolia as an equilibrium between the allocation of resources for growth and reproduction in unstable conditions on the margins of the range.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2015, 84, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

Influence of turgor and cell size on the cracking of potato tissue

Autorzy:

Konstankiewicz, K.
Zdunek, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25276.pdf

Data publikacji:

2001

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

cell size
failure
cracking
potato tuber
cell structure
plant tissue
potato
mechanical property
tissue
plant material
intracellular pressure
turgor

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 2001, 15, 1
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Scalability analysis of selected structures of a reconfigurable manufacturing system taking into account a reduction in machine tools reliability

Autorzy:

Gola, Arkadiusz
Pastuszak, Zbigniew
Relich, Marcin
Sobaszek, Łukasz
Szwarc, Eryk

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841696.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN

Tematy:

reconfigurable manufacturing system
RMS
scalability
configuration
production structure
reliability
simulations
Tecnomatix Plant Simulation

Opis:

Scalability is a key feature of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS). It enables fast and cost-effective adaptation of their structure to sudden changes in product demand. In principle, it allows to adjust a system's production capacity to match the existing orders. However, scalability can also act as a "safety buffer" to ensure a required minimum level of productivity, even when there is a decline in the reliability of the machines that are part of the machine tool subsystem of a manufacturing system. In this article, we analysed selected functional structures of an RMS under design to see whether they could be expanded should the reliability of machine tools decrease making it impossible to achieve a defined level of productivity. We also investigated the impact of the expansion of the system on its reliability. To identify bottlenecks in the manufacturing process, we ran computer simulations in which the course of the manufacturing process was modelled and simulated for 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-stage RMS structures using Tecnomatix Plant Simulation software.

Źródło:

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2021, 23, 2; 242-252
1507-2711

Pojawia się w:

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Biomass allocation to anchoring structures in the aquatic macrophytes from the subcontinental and Atlantic climates in Europe

Autorzy:

Szmeja, J
Clement, B.
Bociag, K.
Galka, A.
Skurzynski, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56563.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

aquatic macrophyte
aquatic plant
plant ecology
biomass
climate
anchoring structure
inland macrophyte
Atlantic climate
macrophyte
botany
allocation
Europe
subcontinental climate

Opis:

Biomass allocation to anchoring structures in 10 species of aquatic macrophytes in two types of the cool and humid temperate climate in Europe, subcontionental (NW Poland) and Atlantic (W France), was examined. The study focused on the weight of anchoring organs in Chara delicatula Ag., Ch. fragilis Desv., Juncus bulbosus L., Littorella uniflora (L.) Asch., Luronium natans (L.) Raf., Potamogeton pectinatus L., P. perfoliatus L., P. natans L. and Ranunculus fluitans (Lam.) Wimm., as well as submerged structures in Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. The plants were collected from 10 geographically distant lakes and 2 rivers with a current velocity of 0.3-0.5 m s-1. It was assumed that biomass allocation to anchoring structures in rooting macrophytes depends on the time that mechanical forces, which can remove the plants from the occupied area, exert their effect. It was found that, in the Atlantic and subcontinental climates, the ratio between the biomass of underground (or submerged) and above-ground structures (U/A index), calculated for the ramets of Chara fragilis, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae and Ranunculus fluitans, has similar values (p>0.05). Nevertheless, among seven species of Cormophyta, which were anchored in the lake or pond littoral, six (Juncus bulbosus, Littorella uniflora, Luronium natans, Potamogeton pectinatus, P. perfoliatus and P. natans) had higher values of the U/A index in the Atlantic climate than in the subcontinental type (p < 0.05). This can be explained by the lack of ice cover and, consequently, a longer time of wave action than in the subcontinental climate.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2008, 77, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Distribution and structure of internal secretory reservoirs on the vegetative organs of Inula helenium L. [Asteraceae]
Rozmieszczenie i struktura wewnetrznych zbiornikow wydzielniczych w organach wegetatywnych Inula helenium L. [Asteraceae]

Autorzy:

Sulborska, A

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27685.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

plant anatomy
vegetative organ
rhizome
Compositae
structure
secretory cavity
stem
distribution
plant morphology
botany
leaf
Inula helenium
internal secretory reservoir

Opis:

The aim of the study was to investigate the structure and topography of endogenous secretory tissues of Inula helenium L. By using light and electron microscopy, morphological and anatomical observations of stems, leaves and rhizomes were made. It was shown that in the stems secretory cavities were situated in the vicinity of phloem and xylem bundles. The number of the reservoirs reached its maximum value (34) at shoot flowerig termination, whereas the cavities with the largest diameter were observed at full flowering stage (44.6 µm). In the leaf petioles and midribs, the reservoirs also accompanied the vascular bundles, and their number and size increased along with the growth of the assimilation organs. Observations of the cross sections of the rhizomes revealed the presence of several rings of secretory reservoirs. The measurements of the cavities showed that as a rule the reservoirs with a larger dimension were located in the phelloderm, whereas the smallest ones in the xylem area. The secretory cavities located in the stems and leaves developed by schizogenesis, whereas the rhizome reservoirs were probably formed schizolisygenously. The cells lining the reservoirs formed a one - four-layered epithelium. Observed in TEM, the secretory cells of the mature cavities located in the rhizomes were characterised by the presence of a large central vacuole, whereas the protoplast was largely degraded. Fibrous elements of osmophilic secretion and numerous different coloured vesicles could be distinguished in it. The cell walls formed, from the side of the reservoir lumen, ingrowths into the interior of the epithelial cells. Between the cell wall and the plasmalemma of the glandular cells, a brighter periplasmatic zone with secretory vesicles was observed.
Celem pracy było zbadanie struktury i topografii endogennych tkanek wydzielniczych Inula helenium L. Wykorzystując mikroskopię świetlną i elektronową przeprowadzano obserwacje morfologiczno-anatomiczne łodyg, liści i kłączy. Wykazano, że w łodygach zbiorniki wydzielnicze usytuowane były w sąsiedztwie wiązek łyko-drzewnych. Liczebność rezerwuarów osiągała maksimum (34) w fazie przekwitania pędów, zaś zbiorniki o największej średnicy obserwowano podczas pełni kwitnienia (44,6 µm). W ogonkach i nerwach głównych liści rezerwuary towarzyszyły również wiązkom przewodzącym a ich liczba i średnica wzrastała wraz z rozwojem organów asymilacyjnych. Obserwacje przekrojów poprzecznych kłączy ujawniły obecność kilku pierścieni rezerwuarów wydzielniczych. Pomiary zbiorników pokazały, że z reguły rezerwuary o największej średnicy zlokalizowane były w felodermie, najmniejsze zaś na obszarze ksylemu. Zbiorniki wydzielnicze usytuowane w łodygach i liściach powstawały na drodze schizogenezy, rezerwuary kłączowe zaś prawdopodobnie formowały się schizolizygenicznie. Komórki wyścielające rezerwuary tworzyły 1-4-warstwowy epitel. Oglądane w TEM komórki wydzielnicze dojrzałych zbiorników zlokalizowanych w kłączach, cechowały się obecnością dużej centralnej wakuoli, protoplast zaś był w znacznym stopniu zdegradowany. Można było wyróżnić w nim fibrylarne elementy osmofilnej wydzieliny oraz liczne, różnobarwne pęcherzyki. Ściany komórkowe tworzyły od strony luki ekskretów wpuklenia do wnętrza komórek epitelialnych. Pomiędzy ścianą komórkową a plazmolemą komórek gruczołowych obserwowano jaśniejszą strefę peryplazmatyczną z pęcherzykami wydzielniczymi.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2007, 60, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

Analyses of spatial structure and selected measures of growth of Sorbus torminalis in Forest District Jamy (northern Poland)

Autorzy:

Bednorz, L.
Kazmierczak, K.
Kaczmarek, L.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41095.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

spatial structure
plant growth
Sorbus torminalis
service tree
wild plant
growing space
tree crown
conservation
competition
Polska
Jamy Forest District

Opis:

The subject of the study was a dynamic population of Sorbus torminalis resulting from spontaneous regeneration from seeds in northern Poland. The population, occupying a fenced plot of 1.72 ha in Forest District Jamy, amounted to 579 individuals. The spatial structure of population and some basic individual traits of trees were recorded, then the growing space of individual trees was examined. The following measures of tree growing space were investigated: crown diameter and projection area, and tree volume. The spatial structure of population was non-random, and there was evidence for effects of population density on tree performance. The observations have to be continued in order to describe optimal growing space of wild service tree; the results could be used to improve in situ conservation of this rare and valuable species.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2012, 67
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

Improvement of the effectiveness of maize (Zea mays L.) fertilization with nitrogen by the application of magnesium. Part I. Grain yield and its structure
Poprawa efektywności nawożenia kukurydzy (Zea mays L.) azotem poprzez zastosowanie magnezu. Cz.I. Plon ziarna oraz jego struktura

Autorzy:

Szulc, P.
Skrzypczak, W.
Waligora, H.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/46704.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB

Tematy:

application method
Zea mays
effectiveness
fertilization
grain yield
magnesium application
maize
nitrogen fertilization
plant cultivar type
plant fertilization
yield structure

Opis:

Field studies were carried out at the Didactic and Experimental Farm in Swadzim near Poznań in the years 2004-2007 (52o26’ N; 16o45’ E). The experiment was carried out in a „split-plot” design with 3 factors in 4 field replications. Two cultivars were studied: Anjou 258 and LG 2244 (stay-green type), six nitrogen doses were used: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 kg N·ha-1 and doses of magnesium: 0 kg Mg·ha-1, 15 kg Mg·ha-1 (in rows) and 15 kg Mg·ha-1 (broadcasting), in the form of kieserite. Effects of these factors on the yield of maize grown for grain were estimated. A better hybrid in growing maize for grain has shown to be the cultivar of stay-green type. The dose of nitrogen modified grain yield, harvest index and the yield elements of maize. The applied fertilization with magnesium caused grain yield increase, decreasing at the same time the level of fertilization with nitrogen. Magnesium application by broadcasting was a more effective method.
Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w Zakładzie Dydaktyczno-Doś-wiadczalnym w Swadzimiu koło Poznania (52o26’ N; 16o45’ E) w latach 2004-2007. Doświadczenie prowadzono w układzie „split-plot” z 3 czynnikami w 4 powtórzeniach polowych. Badano wpływ stosowania 6 dawek azotu: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 kg N·ha-1 oraz dawki magnezu: 0 kg Mg·ha-1, 15 kg Mg·ha-1 (rzędowo) i 15 kg Mg·ha-1 (rzutowo) na plony ziarna dwóch odmian kukurydzy: Anjou 258 i LG 2244 (typ stay-green). Lepszym mieszańcem w uprawie na ziarno była odmiana typu stay-green LG 2244. Wielkość dawki azotu w istotny sposób wpłynęła na plon ziarna, indeks zbioru i elementy struktury plonu kukurydzy. Zastosowanie nawożenia magnezem powodowało wzrost plonu ziarna przy niższej dawce azotu. Bardziej efektywnym sposobem aplikacji magnezu był wysiew rzutowy w stosunku do rzędowego.

Źródło:

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2008, 07, 4
1644-0625

Pojawia się w:

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Crystal structure of a PR-10 nodulin in complex with trans-zeatin

Autorzy:

Ruszkowski, M.
Sikorski, M.
Jaskolski, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80255.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

crystal structure
trans-zeatin
phytohormone
nodule
legume plant
root
symbiotic process
atmospheric nitrogen
plant metabolism
plant hormone
cytokinin
Medicago truncatula
molecular mechanism
nodulation

Źródło:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2013, 94, 1
0860-7796

Pojawia się w:

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Distribution patterns, floristic structure and habitat requirements of the alpine river plant community Stuckenietum amblyphyllae ass. nova (Potametea) in the Pamir Alai Mountains (Tajikistan)

Autorzy:

Nowak, A.S.
Nobis, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57885.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

distribution pattern
flora structure
habitat requirement
Alpine river
river
plant community
Stuckenietum amblyphyllae association
Potametea
Pamir Alai Mountains
Tajikistan
aquatic vegetation
plant association
new plant association

Opis:

This paper discusses the floristic structure, distribution and habitat requirements of a new aquatic syntaxon, Stuckenietum amblyphyllae ass. nova. Patches of the Stuckenietum amblyphyllae association occur in the Pamir Alai Mountains in Middle Asia (Tajikistan). The biotope of this community represent high mountain rivers and ponds at the bottom of glacial river valleys situated at elevations between 1900 and 3800 m. Patches of the Stuckenietum amblyphyllae association are characterised by a clear predominance of the typical species, i.e. Stuckenia amblyphylla, which occupies an aerial extent of between near 40 up to 90% of the surface studied. Patches of the community are poor in species, comprising a maximum of five taxa. Among associated species mainly rush, aquatic, meadow and marsh taxa have been noted. The Stuckenietum amblyphyllae community prefers cold, open, alkaline waters with medium flow-rate, ranging in depth from 15 to 75 cm. It is also, but rarely, found in the mountain ponds. Together with the Stuckenia filiformis community it designates in the Pamir Alai Mountains the upper limit of aquatic vegetation.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2012, 81, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

Tree architecture description using a single-image photogrammetric method

Autorzy:

Gazda, Anna
Kędra, Kamil

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956834.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN

Tematy:

stand structure
biometry
non-destructive method
plant morphology
above-ground biomass
fagus sylvatica l

Opis:

Tree architecture is thought to allow species to share available resources both above and below ground. The description of plant architecture is useful to model plant structure and function, as well as interactions with other species or generally with the environment. The aim of this study was to present a conceptual implementation of a simple photogrammetric method for the above-ground tree architecture description of leafless individuals growing under different conditions. The implemented method was single- image photogrammetry. The novel aspect is the heuristic assumption that tree’s image is a projection onto a plane that cross-sections the stem base; which enables assessment of a set of the canopy attributes, with only one image involved. The method was tested in two ways: (1) in the field: in terms of its applicability to real trees, we used 31 plots with different terrain slope and tree density, in natural forest, in every case the target tree was European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) which is known as a very plastic tree species, and (2) with virtual tree-like 3D models, created with L-system rules, to determine the accuracy of the method. Some of the traits measured or estimated with respect to the projection plane α are: the length of the trunk and branches (L), inclination of the tree main axis from the vertical (IA), crown width (CW), two opposite crown radius (CR), crown length (CL); and the external factors, like the terrain slope inclination (S) and number of trees competing for light (N). The advantages (e.g., low time consumption and low cost), difficulties (e.g., occlusion of tree tops) and accuracy in idealised conditions were described. The tree traits that can be measured using the proposed method are essential for estimating many ecological parameters. Our method allows reducing fieldwork time to a minimum and taking measurements of large numbers of plots daily when the environmental conditions are similar, even when they are taken by only one person. This method is very useful for conducting studies on a temporal scale (e.g., to record changes in the branching structure). Future research is needed to validate the method in different environments.

Źródło:

Dendrobiology; 2017, 78; 124-135
1641-1307

Pojawia się w:

Dendrobiology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

The structure of some floral elements and the nectar production rate of Polemonium caeruleum L.
Struktura wybranych elementów kwiatowych i obfitość nektarowania Polemonium caeruleum L.

Autorzy:

Chwil, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28616.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

flower
micromorphology
structure
anatomy
plant element
nectar production
Polemonium caeruleum
stigma
papilla
nectar
secretion

Opis:

The present study, carried out in the period 2008 – 2009, covered some morphological and anatomical features of the flowers of Polemonium caeruleum L. and their nectar production rate in the climatic conditions of the Lublin region. Observations were made with stereoscopic, light and scanning electron microscopy. Nectar production in the flowers was determined using the pipette method. The flowers of Polemonium caeruleum develop a calyx covered by an epidermis with numerous non-glandular and glandular trichomes. The secretory trichomes are composed of a several-celled stalk and a four-celled head. At the boundary of the corolla tube and the lobes, there is white colouration with violet nectar guides. The epidermis in this region produces several-celled living trichomes that close the entry into the corolla tube, thereby protecting the nectar accumulated in it. These hairs are at the same time glistening colour attractants for insects. The tripartite stigma of the pistil is covered, from the adaxial side, by unicellular papillae with striated cuticular ornamentation, growing at high density. Around the ovary there is located a nectariferous disc, in the form of a free projection, which secrets nectar with sugar concentration of 29 – 52% and sugar weight ranging 1.1 – 1.8 mg/flower.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2010, 63, 2
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Digital analysis and potato tissue image processing at the application of Voronois diagrams

Autorzy:

Pukos, A.
Pezda, M.
Guc, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25331.pdf

Data publikacji:

1995

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

soil structure
potato tissue
Voronoi's diagram
plant tissue
cell wall
geometrical property
image analysis

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 1995, 09, 4
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Acoustic emission as a method for the detection of fractures in the plant tissue caused by the external forces

Autorzy:

Zdunek, A.
Konstankiewicz, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25704.pdf

Data publikacji:

1997

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

potato tissue
deformation
stress level
acoustic emission
mechanical parameter
cell structure
plant tissue

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 1997, 11, 3
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

The structure of septal nectaries and nectar presentation in the flowers of Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch.
Budowa nektarników septalnych i prezentacja nektaru w kwiatach Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch.

Autorzy:

Zuraw, B.
Weryszko-Chmielewska, E.
Laskowska, H.
Pogroszewska, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27015.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

nectary structure
septal nectary
nectar
flower
Allium aflatunense
ecological feature
micromorphology
plant anatomy

Opis:

The location and structure of the septal nectaries in the flowers of Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch. were studied. Light and scanning electron microscopy were used for examination. It has been shown that the septal nectaries are located in the lower part of the ovary and in the gynophore on which the ovary is borne. Nectar is secreted through the single-layered epidermis surrounding three nectary slits and nectar release occurs through three openings located at the base of the gynophore, which are the outlets of the ducts connected to the nectary slits. The expanded and fused bases of the stamen filaments and the tepals participate in secondary nectar presentation. In the flowers of Allium aflatunense, numerous purple elements: tepals, filaments, style and pedicle, perform the role of a colour attractant. On the intensely green ovary, there occur glistening conical outgrowths of epidermal cells, which may also function as signal attractants.
Badano położenie i budowę nektarników septalnych w kwiatach Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch. Do badań wykorzystano mikroskop świetlny i skaningowy elektronowy. Wykazano, że nektarniki septalne położone są w dolnej części zalążni oraz w gynoforze, na którym osadzona jest zalążnia. Sekrecja nektaru odbywa się za pośrednictwem jednowarstwowej epidermy otaczającej trzy szczeliny nektarnika, a emisja nektaru następuje za pośrednictwem trzech otworów położonych u nasady gynoforu, które stanowią ujścia kanalików połączonych ze szczelinami nektarnika. We wtórnej prezentacji nektaru uczestniczą rozszerzone i zrośnięte nasady nitek pręcikowych oraz listki okwiatu. W kwiatach Allium aflatunense rolę barwnej powabni pełnią liczne purpurowe elementy: listki okwiatu, nitki pręcików, szyjka słupka i szypułka. Na intensywnie zielonej zalążni występują połyskujące stożkowate wyrostki komórek epidermy, które mogą również funkcjonować jako atraktanty sygnalizacyjne.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2009, 62, 2
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Structure of the cuniculus nectary in Brassavola flagellaris Barb. Rodr. (Laeliinae Benth., Orchidaceae)
Budowa nektarnika typu cuniculus u Brassavola flagellaris Barb. Rodr. (Laeliinae Benth., Orchidaceae)

Autorzy:

Stpiczynska, M.
Davies, K.L.
Kaminska, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28346.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

structure
cuniculus nectary
nectary
Brassavola flagellaris
Laeliinae
Orchidaceae
secretion
plant anatomy
ultrastructure
flower

Opis:

To date, the structure of the cuniculus nectary has not been studied in detail. Furthermore, the secretory mechanism of such nectaries has not been investigated. The present paper describes, for the first time, the structural organization and ultrastructure of the cuniculus nectary in the moth-pollinated orchid Brassavola flagellaris Barb. Rodr. This tubular structure is situated between the perianth tube and ovary and, in its possession of thick, cellulose cell walls, resembles the nectary of ornithophilous taxa. The presence of large secretory vesicles that fuse with the plasmalemma indicate that granulocrine nectar secretion occurs in this species. The lumen of the cuniculus is lined with unicellular hairs. However, the cuticle overlying the whole epidermal surface lining the lumen (both glabrous and pubescent regions) was coated with nectar residues and became distended and cracked, indicating that this entire tissue is probably involved in nectar secretion.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2010, 63, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

The effect of dominant species on numbers and age structure of Iris sibirica L. population on blue moor-grass meadow in Southern Poland

Autorzy:

Kostrakiewicz, K

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57143.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

generative reproduction
Iris sibirica
clonal plant
vegetative reproduction
Polska
dominant species
age structure
population
blue moor-grass meadow
seedling recruitment
plant ecology

Opis:

Two populations of Iris sibirica, a clonal species protected by law in Poland, occurring in patches of Molinietum caeruleae, of similar floristic composition although with different dominant species, were studied. In the Stanisławice locality, species with a high competitive potential prevailed, contrary to the Opatkowice locality, where the species of low competitive potential dominated. It was established that vegetative propagation ensures the continued presence of populations in both localities, although the proximity of plants with high competitive potential limits the vegetative propagation of ramet clusters of Iris sibirica. Despite the high level of seed production, the recruitment of seedlings in both patches is possible only in artificially created gaps. The field observations support the conclusion that creating gaps allowing for germination of seeds and development of seedlings, as well as eliminating expansive neighbours allowing proliferation of ramet clusters of Iris sibirica, is an affective way of protecting populations of this species.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2007, 76, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

The influence of shoot harvesting on the age structure of Convallaria majalis L. populations

Autorzy:

Kosinski, I

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56635.pdf

Data publikacji:

2003

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

medicinal plant
Convallaria majalis
Convallaria maialis zob.Convallaria majalis
age structure
development stage
shoot cutting

Opis:

This paper presents the structure of developmental stages and the age structure of Convallaria majalis L. populations. The investigation material consisted of individuals and modules from populations in Betulo-Quercetum, Fago-Quercetum, Melico-Fagetum and Tilio-Carpinetum, in which the leaves and inflorescence of C. majalis were cut annually over a period of three years. Fifty percent of the C. majalis regional population consisted of mature modules, 20% of juvenile modules, 25% of senile modules and a very small percentage of generative modules. In populations of Fago-Quercetum there are four times more senile modules than juvenile modules, while in Melico-Fagetum the percentage of juvenile modules is four times more numerous than the percentage of senile modules. The average age of modules is 4.7±3.8 years. Three year old individuals dominate in the population, while 10 year or older individuals are very rare. In the population disturbed by the three raw material collections, the percentage of juvenile modules was decreased by 50% and the percentage of generative modules was nonexistent. As a result, the average module age is higher than in the undisturbed population. Cutting leaves and inflorescence is an important factor in limiting the recruitment of juvenile modules. The growth of individuals in the disturbed population occurs among older modules, which were able to reproduce before the disturbance occurred. Young individuals (three to four years old) are less numerous in the disturbed population, and the majority of individuals are three to six years old.

Źródło:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2003, 72, 1
0001-6977
2083-9480

Pojawia się w:

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

Analysis of the interrelation between the heat balance structure, type of plant cover and weather conditions

Autorzy:

Eulenstein, F.
Lesny, J.
Chojnicki, B.H.
Kedziora, A.
Olejnik, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25168.pdf

Data publikacji:

2005

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN

Tematy:

weather condition
heat balance structure
environment
interrelation
evapotranspiration
latent heat
plant cover
sensible heat

Źródło:

International Agrophysics; 2005, 19, 2
0236-8722

Pojawia się w:

International Agrophysics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Micromorphology of the floral elements, the structure of the nectary, and the apicultural value of Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.
Mikromorfologia elementów kwiatowych, struktura nektarnika i wartość pożytkowa Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.

Autorzy:

Chwil, M.
Weryszko-Chmielewska, E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28190.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

micromorphology
plant element
structure
nectary
apicultural value
Elaeagnus commutata
flower
nectar secretion
pollen yield

Opis:

The investigations were carried out using light and scanning electron microscopy. The flowers of Elaeagnus commutata grow in clusters of 1-4 in the leaf axils. They are actinomorphic, four-lobed, with a single perianth that is yellow from the adaxial side, while the abaxial side is silvery-white. Peltate hairs of different structure are found on both surfaces of the sepals. The conical epidermal cells of the lobes are covered with a thick striated cuticle. Cylindrical hairs were observed on the edges of the lobes. Peltate hairs also grew on the style. The dish-shaped nectary gland is located at the base of the style. Nectar is secreted through numerous, evenly distributed stomata located above or at the level of other epidermal cells. Different stages of stomatal development are evidence of the asynchronous functioning of the stomata. The nectary consists of small epidermal cells and 5-6 layers of secretory parenchyma. The deeper layers of the gland are composed of larger cells of subglandular parenchyma in which vascular bundles supplying the nectary run. Honey bees were the main pollinators of silverberry. Ten silverberry flowers produced an average of 12 g of nectar with a sugar concentration in the 29.5-34.5% range. The weight of pollen produced by 10 flowers was 3.33 mg.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2011, 64, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

Proposal for a Holistic Concept of Research into the Functioning of an Enterprise and Industry

Autorzy:

Zioło, Zbigniew

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/438668.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie

Tematy:

conditions for the development of enterprises
industrial company
industrial plant
spatial structure of industry

Opis:

In the process of shaping particular academic disciplines, there is a need to synthesise the existing research results and on their basis propose new methodological approaches and indicate the possibility of applying new directions of theoretic-cognitive and application research. This is the idea to which the theme and purpose of this paper refers. It proposes a new holistic research concept. The first part of the article reviews the hitherto research problems concerning the operation of an industrial plant (enterprise). Presented are the changing research concepts that initially treated the industrial plant as a landscape element, and then as a production plant affecting the processes of industry concentration, as well as socio-economic and cultural changes of the surroundings. In the second part, in the light of the theory of the dynamic system, the assumption was made that an industrial enterprise is not an isolated element of geographical space, but one of its functional components. Its role changes under the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors, as well as in the process of civilisation development. Using the idea of a dynamic system and the model of the functioning of geographical space, a new, holistic concept of research into the operation and development of an industrial enterprise is proposed. It includes various relationships: between the enterprise and the elements of geographical space (natural, socio-economic, cultural), between the rules of economic development, between different functional types of enterprises, competitive, between the categories of the environment, between the power elites and types of policies. The proposed model approach makes it possible to define various relations with the enterprise and allows for a comprehensive understanding of its functioning in a diversified surroundings, and it provides for the definition of a more precise strategy for its development.

Źródło:

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego; 2018, 32, 4; 252-270
2080-1653

Pojawia się w:

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

The comparison of nectaries structure of some varieties of ornamental apple
Porownanie struktury nektarnikow wybranych odmian jabloni ozdobnych

Autorzy:

Konarska, A

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27625.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

surface structure
plant anatomy
anatomical parameter
ornamental apple tree
apple tree
floral nectary
selected cultivar
scanning electron microscopy
apple tree cultivar
nectary structure

Opis:

The study of floral nectary structures of thirteen ornamental apple cultivars examined using light microscope (MS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was performed. It was found that nectary glands in the selected cultivars were located in the upper part of the flower receptacle, between the ovary of the pistil and the base of stamen filaments, and they generally belonged to the epimorphic or transitoric type. The nectary surface area, its thickness, the number of glandular tissue layers, the height of epidermal cells of the nectary and the thickness of the outer wall of the epidermis, together with the cuticle, were determined by light microscope. By using SEM, the structure of the surface of nectaries in four ornamental apple cultivars was observed. The epidermis of the upper part of the nectaries was composed of elongated cells of which outer cell wall was covered with a striated cuticle. The remaining part of the nectary was characterised by cells of similar arrangement and shape, but their surface was marked by a thinner and smoother layer of cuticle. Closed or opened stomata were generally situated at the level of the epidermal cells. Their pores were often filled with granular or plate-shaped structures.
Badano dotyczyły struktury nektarników kwiatowych kilkunastu odmian jabłoni ozdobnych, przy zastosowaniu mikroskopii świetlnej (MS) oraz skaningowej elektronowej (SEM). Stwierdzono, że gruczoły nektarnikowe wybranych odmian położone były w górnej części dna kwiatowego, między zalążnią słupka, a podstawą nitek pręcikowych i należały z reguły do typu epimorficznego lub tranzytorycznego. W mikroskopie świetlnym określono pole powierzchni nektarnika, jego miąższość (grubość), liczbę warstw tkanki gruczołowej, wysokość komórek epidermy nektarnika oraz grubość zewnętrznej ściany epidermy łącznie z kutykulą. W SEM obserwowano strukturę powierzchni nektarników czterech odmian jabłoni ozdobnych. Epiderma górnej części nektarników zbudowana była z wydłużonych komórek, których zewnętrzna ściana komórkowa pokryta była prążkowaną kutykulą. Pozostała część nektarnika charakteryzowała się komórkami o podobnym ułożeniu i kształcie, ale ich powierzchnia odznaczała się cieńszą i gładką warstwą kutykuli. Zamknięte lub otwarte aparaty szparkowe leżały z reguły na poziomie komórek skórki. Ich pory często wypełnione były ziarnistymi lub płytkowatymi strukturami.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2007, 60, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

The structure of the ovule of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby after pollination
Struktura anatomiczna zalążka Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby po zapyleniu

Autorzy:

Chudzik, B.
Szczuka, E.
Domaciuk, M.
Pavlov, D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26672.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

ovule
ovule structure
Sida hermaphrodita
pollination
flower
energetic plant
arabinogalactan protein
Malvaceae
protein distribution
development stage

Opis:

The anatomical structure and the distribution of arabinogalactan proteins were investigated in the ovule of an energetic plant Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby after pollination. Material was collected from an experimental field of the University of Life Sciences in Lublin (Felin). After embedding for immunoflurescence, semi-thin sections were stained with toluidine blue or incubated with JIM 13 or MAC 207 monoclonal antibodies for immunolabeling of arabinogalactan proteins. The structure of the ovule showed some differences in comparison to other representatives of the Malvaceae family. Conversely, the distribution of arabinogalactan proteins did not differ significantly from their distribution in the ovules of other angiosperms at the investigated stage of development.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2010, 63, 2
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Flowering biology and nectary structure of Melissa officinalis L.
Biologia kwitnienia i budowa nektarnika Melissa officinalis L.

Autorzy:

Chwil, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28111.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne

Tematy:

flowering biology
nectary structure
Melissa officinalis
blooming
visiting insect
insect
micromorphology
stoma
plant anatomy
lemon balm

Opis:

The present study on lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) covered flowering biology, monitoring of pollinating insects and floral nectary structure. The micromorphology of epidermal cells of the nectary was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The nectariferous tissues were observed using light microscopy based on semi-thin sections. Lemon balm flowered from the second decade of June until September. Buds opened from early morning hours until noon. Flowers lived for 24 hours, on the average. Their primary pollinator was the honey bee. The beginning of nectar secretion was found to be at the bud swell stage. The automorphic nectary forms a disc with four protrusions at the base of the nectary. Three smaller ones and one larger than the other ones were distinguished among them. No stomata were found on the lower protuberances, whereas on the highest part anomocytic stomata were present, the number of which was 15. The stomata exhibited different development stages and they were situated above other epidermal cells. In their outline, they were ellipsoidally shaped (18 x 23 μm) and they had average-sized cuticular ledges. They produced a smooth cuticle and wax granules. In cross section, the nectary tissues were composed of a singlelayered epidermis and 9 – 11 layers of the nectary parenchyma. Their thickness was 198 μm. In longitudinal section, the height of the nectary was within a range of 354 – 404 μm. The epidermal cells produced thin outer cell walls. Some of them were completely filled with strongly stained cytoplasm, whereas others showed a high degree of vacuolisation. But the nectary parenchyma cells were marked by poorly stained cytoplasm, a large nucleus and vacuolisation of varying degree.
Przeprowadzone badania melisy lekarskiej (Melissa officinalis L.) obejmowały biologię kwitnienia, monitoring owadów zapylających i strukturę nektarnika kwiatowego. Mikromorfologię komórek epidermy nektarnika analizowano w skaningowym mikroskopie elektronowym. Tkanki nektarnikowe obserwowano w mikroskopie świetlnym w oparciu o preparaty półcienkie. Melisa lekarska kwitła od drugiej dekady czerwca do września. Pąki rozwijały się od wczesnych godzin rannych do południa. Kwiaty żyły średnio dobę. Ich głównym zapylaczem była pszczoła miodna. Początek sekrecji nektaru stwierdzono w fazie nabrzmiałego pąka. Automorficzny nektarnik tworzy przy nasadzie zalążni dysk z czterema wzniesieniami. Wśród nich wyróżniono trzy mniejsze i jedno większe od pozostałych. Na niższych uwypukleniach brak było aparatów szparkowych, zaś na najwyższej części obecne były skupienia anomocytycznych aparatów szparkowych, których liczba wynosiła 15. Aparaty szparkowe wykazywały zróżnicowane fazy rozwoju i były usytuowane powyżej innych komórek epidermy. W zarysie miały kształt elipsoidalny (18 x 23 μm) i średniej wielkości listwy kutykularne. Na ich powierzchni obserwowano gładką kutykulę i granulki wosku. Tkanki nektarnika na przekroju poprzecznym obejmowały jednowarstwową epidermę i 9 – 11 warstw parenchymy nektarnikowej. Ich miąższość wynosiła 198 μm. Natomiast wysokość nektarnika na przekroju podłużnym wahała się w granicach 354 – 404 μm. Komórki epidermy tworzyły cienkie zewnętrzne ściany komórkowe. Niektóre były całkowicie wypełnione silnie zabarwioną cytoplazmą, inne wykazywały duży stopień wakuolizacji. Natomiast komórki parenchymy nektarnikowej wyróżniały się słabo zabarwioną cytoplazmą, dużym jądrem komórkowym i zróżnicowanym stopniem wakuolizacji.

Źródło:

Acta Agrobotanica; 2009, 62, 2
0065-0951
2300-357X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Agrobotanica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

Changes in the structure of tree stands on bog habitats in the Bialowieza forest

Autorzy:

Czerepko, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38483.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa

Tematy:

structural change
tree stand
bog habitat
Bialowieza Forest
bog forest
permanent plot
plant succession
stand structure

Opis:

The analyses of 4 permanent study plots located in the Białowieża forest (NE Poland, at 52º43´ N, 23º50´ E) were carried out 4 times, first time in 1973 or 1974 and next in 1985, 1998, 2008. The paper presents the results of a long–term study on natural forest dynamics in two forest communities: raised-bog pine forest of the association Ledo-Sphagnetum magellanici Sukopp 1959 em. Neuhäusl 1969 and transitional bogs represented by the boreal spruce forest Sphagno girgensohnii-Piceetum Polak. 1962. On each measurement date the DBH of all trees were recognized. At the same time, stems of shrub species as well as tree species with the height lower than 1.3 m were counted within the experimental areas. During the study period the structure of stands changed significantly. The major change observed on raised bog sites was an increase in numbers of Betula spp., Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and Quercus robur L. After 34th-year of observations the boreal spruce forest stand partly passed the terminal phase and regenerated. New species occurred in the stands, especially in their lower layer, are typical for oak-lime-hornbeam forest, such as e.g. Carpinus betulus L., Q. robur, Acer platanoides L. Rapid development of Corylus avellana L. was also observed. During last decades, the decrease in the number of Pinus sylvestris L. trees has been observed. The results of analyses of stand data in four research periods show that the wetland habitat of the Białowieża forest has been a subject to the processes of succession conditioned by environmental changes such as desiccation through lowering of the water table as well as climatic changes entailing inter alia an increase of the air temperature and a decrease of precipitation.

Źródło:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
0071-6677

Pojawia się w:

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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