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Tytuł:
Sky glint correction in measurements of upward radiance above the sea surface
Autorzy:
Olszewski, J.
Kowalczuk, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48314.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
marine optics
coastal water
remote sensing
glint reduction
ocean water
sea surface
Opis:
An experiment has been performed to determine the upward water-leaving radiance by non-contact measurement of the total upward and downward radiance above the sea surface from a moving ship. The method for achieving this aim is described: the radiance meters are both tilted in such a way that the upward radiance meter can ‘see’ that part of the measured downward radiance which would be reflected if the water surface were smooth and which is not derived directly from solar glitter. Both meters are firmly fixed in a special frame, which ensures that the required orientation is the most probable one. Time records of the measured parameters are analysed. The results are presented in several forms: frequency (histogram) analysis appears to be the most promising one.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical Predictions for Rising Water Levels in the Oceans
Autorzy:
Zurbenko, Igor G.
Potrzeba-Macrina, Amy L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Global temperature
Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filters
linear / non-linear extrapolations
ocean water levels
Opis:
Global warming is an important and popular subject across global communities and in a wide array of literature. Global weather patterns are becoming more violent with an increase in the number of catastrophic events. The fundamental concepts of climate are strongly related to the natural freezers on planet Earth. Global warming affects Earth’s natural ice freezers. The warming climate in the Arctic and Antarctic regions are causing an increase in the melting of glaciers, which in turn generates a rise in ocean levels. The rising water levels are causing major regional problems in coastal areas and more importantly they are further accelerating global warming and extreme weather effects. This paper examines the long-term warming of the Arctic and Antarctic regions and the long-term rising water levels in the oceans, in addition to making predictions of these trends for the upcoming decades.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2021, 152; 1-14
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of bio-optical parameters of open ocean waters
Autorzy:
Pelevin, V.N.
Rostovtseva, V.V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48307.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
yellow substance
chlorophyll pigment
pigment
suspended matter
bio-optical modelling
ocean water
light absorption
Opis:
An original method for estimating the concentration of chlorophyll pigments, absorption of yellow substance and absorption of suspended matter without pigments and yellow substance in detritus using spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance and irradiance reflectance data has been applied to sea waters of different types in the open ocean (case 1). Using the effective numerical single parameter classification with the water type optical index m as a parameter over the whole range of the open ocean waters, the calculations have been carried out and the light absorption spectra of sea waters tabulated. These spectra are used to optimize the absorption models and thus to estimate the concentrations of the main admixtures in sea water. The value of m can be determined from direct measurements of the downward irradiance attenuation coefficient at 500 nm or calculated from remote sensing data using the regressions given in the article. The sea water composition can then be readily estimated from the tables given for any open ocean area if that one parameter m characterizing the basin is known.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tracing palaeocurrents from the Arctic Realm into the Tethys Ocean: the use of glendonite as an indicator for cold bottom water masses
Autorzy:
Merkel, Anna
Munnecke, Alex
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202087.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
Tethys
ocean
water
Opis:
Today, the global conveyor belt of ocean currents is controlled by the configuration of continents and the climate. Conversely, ocean currents influence water and air temperatures as well as the amount of rainfall on a regional to local scale. In addition, they govern species distribution patterns, sedimentation patterns and the dispersal of nutrients in both oceans and epeiric seas. Therefore, the reconstruction of palaeocurrents is crucial for the understanding of ancient environments and the past climate. An important driver for the global ocean circulation is the formation of deep water. However, deep-water production is difficult to estimate, and its circulation is difficult to reconstruct, not only today but especially in the geological record. Palaeocurrent reconstructions are often based on the temporal and spatial distribution of marine species. In this presentation, a new approach is proposed which uses the occurrence of glendonites as a proxy for cool bottom currents. Glendonites are pseudomorphs after the hydrous carbonate mineral ikaite (CaCO3·6H2O) which only forms in environments characterised by near-freezing temperatures. Throughout the Phanerozoic, glendonites can be found in successions which were deposited in high latitudes. However, examples of glendonite occurrences in mid-latitudinal sections are also reported. One of these examples are upper Pliensbachian (Lower Jurassic) glendonites from a shallow-marine succession in South Germany which was located in the European epicontinental sea  – an area, where it was technically too warm to form the precursor mineral ikaite. Based on petrographical and sedimentological investigations as well as stable isotope analyses it is concluded that a low temperature was the main factor for ikaite formation in the studied section. To explain the low water temperatures, a model for a thermohaline circulation in the European epicontinental sea is proposed. The cool climate in the late Pliensbachian initiated the growth of sea ice in high latitudes, leading to the formation of cold and saline bottom waters analogous to the modern formation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). The cold bottom current flowed southward from the Arctic Realm through the Viking Corridor into the European Epicontinental Sea, thereby causing a massive cooling of the deeper parts of the epeiric sea, which led to the formation of ikaite in temperate areas. After passing the shelf, the bottom current entered the Western Tethys, probably forming a deep water mass. The proposed model can help to explain mid-latitudinal glendonite occurrences not only in the Pliensbachian, but also in other areas and time slices which are characterised by cooling. Moreover, it enables the use of the pseudomorph as a tracer for cold bottom currents which can be a helpful tool for the reconstruction of global ocean current patterns.
Źródło:
Geotourism / Geoturystyka; 2023, 1-2 (72-73); 49--49
1731-0830
Pojawia się w:
Geotourism / Geoturystyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Response of Eastern Indian Ocean (ODP Site 762B) benthic foraminiferal assemblages to the closure of the Indonesian seaway
Autorzy:
Rai, A.K.
Singh, V.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Indian Ocean
benthic foraminifera
productivity
upwelling
oligotrophic water
surface water
Pliocene
atmospheric circulation
ocean circulation
thermohaline circulation
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Overview of Oceanic Eddies in Indonesia Seas Based on the Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Surface Height
Autorzy:
Purba, Noir P.
Faizal, Ibnu
Damanik, Finri S.
Rachim, Fadliyan R.
Mulyani, Putri G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Eddies
Indonesia Throughflow
Ocean Fronts
Water Mass
Opis:
One of the complexities of the ocean currents in the territorial waters of Indonesia is oceanic eddies form. Ocean eddy is one of the very crucial phenomena in the ocean due to its circulation and connection with the chemical and biological aspects in the water column. This study aimed to observe the distribution of oceanic eddies associated with the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Surface Height (SSH) with the Automatic Eddy Detection (AED) method. The analysis included distribution and types correlated with seasons. The results showed that eddies occur in all regions in the Indonesian Seas except the Java Sea. In general, the occurrence of eddies every month does not differ significantly for both Ocean Cyclonic Eddies (OCE) and Ocean Anticyclonic Eddies (OAE). The total oceanic eddies in a year are around 1,149 events. A minimum radius of the ocean eddies found was about 5.08 km, and a maximum was around 386.76 km. Furthermore, the occurrence of OCE is mostly in locations that are almost the same as OAE. Both types of eddy are mostly in locations with the boundary of temperatures and the boundary of SSH. Several eddies exist every month and mostly change or move into other areas. Eddies in Indonesia seas are influenced by differences of SST and different SSH that form ocean currents. One of the complexities of the ocean currents in the territorial waters of Indonesia is oceanic eddies form. Ocean eddy is one of the very crucial phenomena in the ocean due to its circulation and connection with the chemical and biological aspects in the water column. This study aimed to observe the distribution of oceanic eddies associated with the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Surface Height (SSH) with the Automatic Eddy Detection (AED) method. The analysis included distribution and types correlated with seasons. The results showed that eddies occur in all regions in the Indonesian Seas except the Java Sea. In general, the occurrence of eddies every month does not differ significantly for both Ocean Cyclonic Eddies (OCE) and Ocean Anticyclonic Eddies (OAE). The total oceanic eddies in a year are around 1,149 events. A minimum radius of the ocean eddies found was about 5.08 km, and a maximum was around 386.76 km. Furthermore, the occurrence of OCE is mostly in locations that are almost the same as OAE. Both types of eddy are mostly in locations with the boundary of temperatures and the boundary of SSH. Several eddies exist every month and mostly change or move into other areas. Eddies in Indonesia seas are influenced by differences of SST and different SSH that form ocean currents.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 147; 166-178
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ship seakeeping in UKC determination – a further study on wave force transfer functions
Autorzy:
Artyszuk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359064.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ship seakeeping
ocean wave
shallow water
motion dynamics
Opis:
Modeling of ship motions in waves concentrates in most applications on the response amplitude operator (RAO). This mathematically not demanding method of analysis is very attractive, but loses some essential information in certain situations. The objective of present contribution is to establish and investigate preliminary foundations for a seakeeping model as optimal for under keel clearance (UKC) estimation. A special attention was devoted to transients of motions, stationary harmonic motions, coupling between degrees of freedom, and the wave force transfer functions – all in the aspect of shallow water environment.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2012, 32 (104) z. 2; 5-15
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Names of Watercourses and Natural Water Reservoirs in Middle English
Autorzy:
Wrzesińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888981.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
watercourse
water reservoir
river
stream
ocean
sea
lake
Opis:
Geographical words referring to water, such as river, stream sea or lake, have been used in language since the earliest. As water is considered essential for life in general, the names of water reservoirs and watercourses became popular and frequently used items in all languages. The present study is focused on the English names of natural water reservoirs (sea, lake) and watercourses (river, stream) and their regional spread in the 12th–15th centuries. The Old English names of watercourses and natural water reservoirs, sӕ, flod and ea, either survived in Middle English in a modified form or were (rarely) replaced by loanwords as the effect of the Norman Conquest of England in the 11th century. The research is concentrated on texts selected from the Innsbruck Corpus of Middle English Prose (Marcus 2008), with some material coming from the OED and MED. The analysis will show the extent of the loss of the original Anglo-Saxon words or their spread, frequently with a modified meaning. The analysis will also include the statistics of the terms in question in prose texts representing the chief dialects of the period. As regards the method, the present author makes use of the traditional semantic theories (e.g. Lyons 1977) and the prototype theory (e.g. Geeraerts 1997).
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2016, 25/2; 101-115
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the geometry of ocean surface waves
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
air-sea interaction
atmosphere-ocean interaction
deep water
dynamic factor
geometry
irregular wave
marine environment
ocean surface
regular wave
shallow water
surface wave
water motion
wave breaking
wave slope
Opis:
The factors influencing the atmosphere-ocean transfer of mass and momentum, as well as incipient wave breaking and the amount of energy dissipated due to breaking, are discussed in detail. In particular, the influence of directional spreading on the statistics of surface wave slopes and the area of the wind- roughened ocean surface is demonstrated. Theoretical analysis and comparison with the available experimental data show that unimodal directional spreading is not able to reproduce the observed ratio of the cross-wind/up-wind mean square slopes. Better agreement is achieved when bimodal directional spreading, consisting of two wrapped-Gaussian distributions, is applied. The bimodal form suggested by Ewans (1998) is used in the paper. Moreover, the formulae developed here show that the increase in the area due to surface waves is rather small for both regular and irregular waves.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surface waves in deep and shallow waters
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48826.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
surface wave
deep
shallow water
dynamic factor
marine environment
atmosphere-ocean interaction
ocean form
air-sea interface
hydrodynamics
Opis:
The motion of water due to surface waves is the most dynamic factor observed in the marine environment. In this review various aspects of the wave modelling of non-linear, steep surface waves and their role in the atmosphere-ocean interaction are discussed. Significant improvements in wave forecasting have been made in the last ten years. This is to a large extent related to substantial progress in the description of wind forcing and other processes, as well as to the more efficient use of satellite observations and assimilation methods. One striking observation is the increasing variety and complexity of models in which more physical processes are implemented, greater precision and resolution achieved and extended ranges of applicability demonstrated. However, in order to evaluate the applicability of particular models, comparison with high quality experimental data, collected in nature or under laboratory conditions, is necessary.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 1; 5-52
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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