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Tytuł:
An Internal Audit Expectation Gap in Poland
Autorzy:
Grzesiak, Lena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
internal audit expectation gap
opinion survey
internal audit effectiveness
internal audit expectation
Polska
Opis:
Theoretical background: One of the factors influencing internal audit effectiveness is the expectation gap understood as the extent to which the function does not meet the expectations of auditees, managers, executives, and audit committee members.Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article was to determine why they perceive internal audit in their organisations as not fulfiling their expectations and how their awareness of this affects internal audit effectiveness.Research methods: This article is a pilot study that uses the results of a critical review of the literature and the findings of the survey of internal audit stakeholders in Poland.Main findings: The article shows that internal audit stakeholders have limited knowledge of the role and responsibilities of internal auditors and the purpose of their work. According to their views, the raison d’être of the internal audit function is fraud detection. This perception of internal audit that emerged in its early years still determines the majority of opinions about its effectiveness.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2021, 55, 3; 37-50
0459-9586
2449-8513
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poczucie własnej skuteczności – teoria i pomiar
Self-efficacy - theory and measurement
Autorzy:
Juczyński, Zygfryd
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
expectation
self-efficacy
health behaviour
Opis:
The first part presents fundamentals assumptions concerning expectations, especially taking into account self-efficacy and its role in changing behaviour. Generalized self-efficacy beliefs reflect the strength of individuals’ ability to respond to and control environmental demands and challenges. Second part presents two methods to assessment self-efficacy beliefs: for adults – Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Schwarzer and Jerusalem, adopted into Polish condition by Juczyński and for children – Scale of Self-Efficacy prepared by Juczyn´ ski. For each method have been presented description, administration, scoring, interpretation, evaluation and psychometric status.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica; 2000, 04; 11-24
2353-4842
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sex-related differences in physical therapy career expectations in Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
Autorzy:
Hussein, Hisham M.
Alshammari, Salma F.
Alanazi, Ibtisam A.
Alenzy, Gharam M.
Alrashidy, Renad H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-11-18
Wydawca:
Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
Tematy:
Gender equality
females
physical therapy
career expectation
Opis:
Social and cultural factors can lead to gender-biased expectations in physical therapy (PT) career. In Saudi Arabia, female physical therapists might be undergoing more cultural competencies than males to develop their career. This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences between men and women physical therapists (PTs) in their career expectations in Saudi Arabia. We tested 496 responses 192 (38.7%) were males and 307 (61.3%) were females. 325 (65.5%) responses were obtained from students including those in the internship year while the rest of the responses 171 (34.5%) were from graduated PTs. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken using a questionnaire sent electronically to PT students and graduates in Ha’il City, Saudi Arabia. The answers to questions regarding the future career expectation and the perception of PT career among other healthcare professions were analyzed. Statistically higher female numbers were expected to conduct research activity, become faculty teaching staff, continue their education, and attend special courses. No sex-related differences were found regarding the expectation to occupy a governmental job, own a private business and participate as an active member of the Saudi Physical Therapy Association. A higher proportion of females see that PT practice is as independent and prestigious as other medical and health specialties. Both genders considered PT is an prestigious as other heakth professions. There are sex-related differences in PT career expectations and the perception of PT career compared to other healthcare professions.
Źródło:
Acta Neuropsychologica; 2022, 20(4); 385-392
1730-7503
2084-4298
Pojawia się w:
Acta Neuropsychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The students’ expectations and attitudes towards the role of the enterprise in terms of the European integration
Autorzy:
Wojtowicz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
student
expectation
attitude
enterprise
personality
European integration
Opis:
The concept of the European integration has been increasingly used since it became more and more valuable. This term is mainly employed in case of the process of the regular integration of countries within Europe dealing with several spheres, such as: economic, legal and political. The greatest success of the European integration is, first of all, the function of the European Union. Europe, or we should say the countries that integrate there have several objectives, which refer to the promotion of the economic and social progresses as well as strengthening of the economic cooperation, moreover, strengthening the union concept as the political creation, improving and increasing the standards of living, developing the areas of the freedom, security and justice, leading to the origination of the European citizenship and also creating one huge economic structure. The European integration has been developing increasingly and it has been successful in many spheres. There was the investigation among students carried out in order to find out the basis of the preparation and decision-making associated with the principles, directions and pace of the perspective development of the education in the field of the foundations of the enterprise in favour of the society functioning in the sphere of the European integration. The deficiencies in the range of the enterprise and the European integration were discovered on their basis. Choosing a young age group, as a target group in this case is justified by the role they play in the society, and therefore, in the process of creating the European society.
Źródło:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2011, 48; 63-77
0208-4589
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kto i z jakich powodów angażuje się w związek Friends with Benefits?
Who and Why Gets Involved in the Friends with Benefits Relationship?
Autorzy:
Chanduszko-Salska, Jolanta
Włodarczyk, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/651506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Friends with Benefits
motywy
oczekiwania
motivation
expectation
Opis:
Friends with Benefits relationship is defined as a relation between friends who engage in sexual activity on repeated occasions, without any romantic commitment. The aim of this article is focused on the most commonly investigated aspects of Friends with Benefits relationships, such as: prevalence, motives, and characteristics of the relation participants. The current research explores differences regarding ways in which men and women make friends with benefits (FWB) relationships. Individuals currently involved in FWB relationships (134 persons: 65 men, 69 women) were subjected to online examinations. The results indicate both similarities and differences as sex was a more common motivation for men to begin such relationships, whereas emotional and sexual motives were more common among women. These relationships are considered as a novelty among human relationships, especially in the area of Polish research, and they require a further exploration.
Związek Friends with Benefits (FWB) (w dosłownym tłumaczeniu „przyjaciele z korzyścią/bonusem”) to relacja, w której przyjaciele utrzymują ze sobą powtarzalne kontakty seksualne, wykluczająca jednak romantyczne zaangażowanie. Badania skupiły się na wybranych aspektach związków Friends with Benefits, należą do nich: rozpowszechnienie omawianych związków, motywy, oczekiwania i charakterystyka ich uczestników. Badania miały na celu określić różnice w sposobie, w jaki mężczyźni i kobiety nawiązują „przyjaźń z bonusem”. W tym celu przeprowadzono za pośrednictwem Internetu badania wśród osób zaangażowanych obecnie w relacje FWB (łącznie 134 osoby, w tym 65 mężczyzn i 65 kobiet). Wyniki wskazują na wiele podobieństw, ale także różnic, bowiem seks był częściej wymienianym motywem do rozpoczęcia takich relacji przez mężczyzn, podczas gdy motywy emocjonalne i seksualne w równym stopniu motywowały kobiety. Związki te postrzegane są jako nowość w dziedzinie relacji międzyludzkich, a w szczególności w obszarze polskich badań, i wymagają dalszej eksploracji.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica; 2017, 21; 97-114
2353-4842
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of expectation maximization method for purchase decision-making support in welding branch
Autorzy:
Kujawińska, A.
Rogalewicz, M.
Diering, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cluster analysis
welding process
expectation
maximization method
Opis:
The article presents a study of applying the proposed method of cluster analysis to support purchasing decisions in the welding industry. The authors analyze the usefulness of the non-hierarchical method, Expectation Maximization (EM), in the selection of material (212 combinations of flux and wire melt) for the SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) method process. The proposed approach to cluster analysis is proved as useful in supporting purchase decisions.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2016, 7, 2; 29-33
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reactivation of antecedens by overt versus null pronouns : Evidence from Persian
Autorzy:
Keshtiari, N.
Vasishth, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
sentence comprehension
pronoun processing
reactivation
expectation-based processing
Opis:
In Persian, a construction exists in which a gap can optionally be replaced by an overt pronoun. A self-paced reading study (110 participants) suggests that the overt pronoun results in deeper encoding (higher activation) of the antecedent noun, presumably because of richer retrieval cue specifications during antecedent retrieval at the pronoun; this higher activation has the consequence that the antecedent is easier to retrieve at a subsequent stage. This provides new evidence for reactivation effects of the type assumed in the cue-based retrieval model of parsing (Lewis and Vasishth 2005), and shows that dependency resolution is not simply a matter of connecting two codependents; the retrieval cue specification has a differential impast on processing.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2013, 1, 2; 243-266
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bailout expectation and debt risks of Chinese local governments: an evidence-based study on quasi-municipal bonds
Autorzy:
Zou, Jin
Cui, Chuantao
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
local government debt
bailout expectation
soft budget constraint
Opis:
Expectation of bailout by central government distorts the debt pricing mechanism, and as a result local governments run the risk of incurring debts because of the soft budget constraint issues. Thus finding ways to harden budget constraints is crucial, but there is little empirical evidence as to their effects. Since the “No Bailout” signal sent by China’s central government through the new Budget Law provides an ideal quasi-experiment, this study examines its impact on quasi-municipal bonds. Using micro-level data, the authors find that the policies have effectively dispelled expectations of bailout and improved debt pricing mechanism, yet implicit guarantees from local governments still exist. Therefore, the authors show that the policy of the Chinese central government has a certain level of credibility, and that policies combining government credibility and market forces can help to resolve debt risks of local governments.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2021, 2; 5-31
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influences of Social Expectation Toward Leader Power, Leader Practices And Personal Branding to Establish The Leader Trust (Case Study on the Leadership of Bandung and Purwakarta Region on Gen-Z)
Autorzy:
Kusumah, Indra
Iskandar, Tb. Zulrizka
Sumantri, Suryana
Harding, Diana
Rizal, Achmad
Widianti, Efri
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1163846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
leader power
leadership practices
perceived
personal branding
social expectation
Opis:
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of social expectations on the perceived leadership processes in the form of perceived leader power, perceived leadership practices and perceived personal branding to establish trust in leader on the leader of Bandung and Purwakarta region in the perception of Gen-Z. This research collected the sample of 405 peoples Gen-Z in Bandung and Purwakarta by adopted accidental sampling technique. The data investigated through scale. The analysis technique of this research was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using PLS (Partial Least Square) with Smart-PLS software operation. The results of the research revealed that social expectation influenced all variables in the perceived leadership processes to establish trust in leaders. All the stated variables in the leadership process correlated each other in the perception of Gen-Z . The model scheme of the leadership process to establish trust in leader proceeded together with the input stage of social expectations, the process stages of social perception and the output stage of social trust in the context of leadership.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 108; 64-73
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Generating Correlated Pseudo-Random Binary Numbers
O generowaniu skorelowanych binarnych liczb pseudolosowych
Autorzy:
Gamrot, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Random number generator
multinomial distribution
two-point distribution
expectation
Opis:
The paper is devoted to the problem of generating sequences of binary vectors having joint distribution allowing for correlation between individual elements. A procedure for generating such a distribution from uncorrelated binary and multinomial pseudo-random data is proposed. Certain properties of the proposed procedure are examined in the simulation study.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2012, 269
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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