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Tytuł:
Ocena uciążliwości wysiłku fizycznego na stanowisku kelnera metodą chronometrażowo-tabelaryczną Lehmanna oraz metodą OWAS
Evaluation of arduousness of physical effort on the positions of waiting Staff with the use of Lehman and OWAS methods
Autorzy:
Jędruszczak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/370711.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Ochroną Pracy w Katowicach
Tematy:
wysiłek fizyczny
physical effort
Opis:
Praca obejmuje ogólną charakterystykę wysiłku fizycznego, charakterystykę stanowiska pracy kelnera oraz charakterystykę metod: tabelarycznej Lehmanna oraz OWAS. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badania stanowiska pracy kelnera obu metodami i porównano je, aby ocenić, która z metod jest skuteczniejsza w ocenie uciążliwości wysiłku fizycznego na stanowisku kelnera. Badania były prowadzone przez rok w jednej restauracji.
The paper includes general characteristic of physical effort, description of the waiter work position and the characterization of two methods: Lehmann and OWAS. The paper presents the results of research, which were carried of the waiter work, positions both methods. The results of research were compared to estimate, which methods is more effective estimation of the physical effort on the waiter position. Research were conducted for a year period in chosen restaurant.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Zarządzania Ochroną Pracy w Katowicach; 2011, 1(7); 135-157
1895-3794
2300-0376
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Zarządzania Ochroną Pracy w Katowicach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sweat lead and copper concentrations during exercise training
Autorzy:
Saran, Tomasz
Zawadka, Magdalena
Chmiel, Stanisław
Mazur, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
copper
lead
physical effort
Opis:
Introduction. Skin is the largest organ of the human body. It plays an important role in protection against harmful substances found in the surrounding environment and takes part in the elimination of heavy metals from the body by sweating. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the concentration of lead and copper in the sweat collected on the first and the fourteenth day of endurance training. Materials and methods. The research included 43 patients undergoing a supervised, two-week endurance training on a cycle ergometer and cross-trainer. The lead and copper contents were presented in relation to the sodium content as an indicator of the amount of excreted sweat. Results. The lead concentration in relation to the sodium content in the samples of sweat taken with the use of swabs is statistically significantly higher on day 1 (Me = 1.64-E-4) than the 14th day (Me = 0.37-E-4) p = 0.027. In the sweat samples collected with a plaster, the lead concentration on day 14 of rehabilitation (Me = 0.08-E-4) is statistically significantly lower than before the beginning of the training cycle (Me = 1.19-E-4) p = 0.044. The concentration of copper in sweat samples collected with swabs and patches on day 1 of the rehabilitation cycle does not significantly differ from the content of samples collected on day 14. Conclusions. Endurance training with submaximal heart rate results in reduced excretion of lead in the sweat and does not significantly affect the level of copper. Further research into the impact of physical effort on the excretion of metals from the body can help explain the results13
Źródło:
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 2018, 1; 14-19
2544-2406
2544-1361
Pojawia się w:
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Naprjazhenno-deformirovannoe sostojanie ehlementov uzla zakreplenija svajj v opornom rostverke morskojj stacionarnojj platformy
Tense-deformed consisting of elements of knot fixing of piles of supporting grillage of marine stationary platform
Autorzy:
Pshenichnaja-Azhermachjova, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/78188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
marine stationary platform
pile
effort
calculation model
inflexibility
bearing strength
moving effort
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2014, 16, 5
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Special versus general protection and attack of two assets
Autorzy:
Hausken, Kjell
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
special effort
general effort
protection
defence
attack
reliability
vulnerability
independent assets
safety
security
terrorism
Opis:
Two independent assets are analysed, being subject to special and general protection and attack, supplementing earlier research on individual and overarching protection and attack. Sixteen analytical solutions are developed to examine how a defender and attacker choose either two special efforts, one general effort, or one special effort and one general effort. The latter occurs when the special unit effort cost for one asset is lower than that of the other asset and the general unit effort cost. The article provides a tool for each player to realise which of these three options it should choose when facing an opponent who also chooses between these three options. The solutions are explained and illustrated with examples. The article focuses on specialization versus generalization of effort which is of paramount importance.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2019, 29, 4; 53-93
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of selected intergroup competition on group coordination in the light of the experimental research
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/583469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
intergroup competition
minimum-effort game
Opis:
In many real-life situations the group’s payoffs are contingent on their performance relative to that of other groups, rather than on their absolute level of performance. Economic competitions are more appropriately modeled as a rope pulling than as a “contest” of a single group against nature. Intergroup competition also takes place between subgroups within the same organization. It is a well-documented fact that in single-group settings coordination often fails to produce socially optimal outcomes. Van Huyck, Battalio, and Beil studied the minimal-effort game – an n-person pure coordination game in which there is no conflict of interests among the players. Performance typically falls short of its potential performance as estimated from the capabilities of the individual group members. The purpose of the research is to see whether intergroup competition has a similar effect on intragroup coordination. Rivalry takes place between different economic structures as well as between sub-groups within the same economic structure. The group with higher final output is the one whose members are more cooperative and better coordinated with one another than members of the competing groups.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 487; 59-68
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EVALUATION OF EFFORT TOLERANCE AMONGST SUFFERERS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Autorzy:
Szczegielniak, Jan
Bogacz, Katarzyna
Matelonek, Dagmara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449140.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
Tematy:
bronchial asthma
tolerance of effort
physiotherapy
Opis:
Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common diseases of the respiratory system. Its chronic nature and periodic intensification influence patients’ quality of life. During the last decade, the role of physiotherapy has become more important as it is more effective in treating people who suffer from asthma as well as its complications. Aim: The aim of the presented article is the evaluation of effort tolerance amongst patients before and after eighteen days of the application of a set of exercises. Methods: Sixty patients in the state of remission who suffer from chronic asthma were examined. Patients were classified under model C and D. The described program was realized for six days per week and then for a further 3 weeks. The effectiveness of physiotherapy on effort tolerance was evaluated. Submission: The data presented indicates that patients who were treated according to the program managed to walk in a six-minute test much faster than the rest of the patients. Conclusions: 1. Results show that physiotherapy of patients who suffer from asthma treated under model B or C present observed improvement of effort tolerance. 2. Comprehensive application of model C and D proves an increased ability amongst patients to walk much faster during the six-minutes test.
Źródło:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2016, 5, 7; 43-46
2084-7971
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Implicit Affect and the Intensity of Motivation: From Simple Effects to Moderators
Autorzy:
Gendolla, Guido H.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2126985.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Implicit Affect
Effort
Automaticity
Cardiovascular Response
Opis:
This article reports findings from a program of research on the systematic influence of implicitly perceived facial expressions of emotions on effort mobilization in cognitive tasks. Recently published research on the implicit-affect-primes-effort (IAPE) model (Gendolla, 2012) has revealed replicated evidence for this effect: implicitly perceived facial expressions of sadness, anger, fear, and happiness influence effort-related cardiac response during cognitive performance. In further support of the IAPE model, those studies revealed that the effects of implicitly processed emotional expressions on effort mobilization differ systematically: Implicit fear and sadness expressions that are processed online during task performance render tasks subjectively more difficult, resulting in relatively high effort. Implicit happiness and anger expressions have the opposite effect. Moreover, objective task difficulty and incentive moderated the effect of implicit affect, and especially controlled processing of affect primes turned out to be a boundary condition.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 1; 59-65
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Significance of controlling the intensity of various types of effort in football
Autorzy:
Buryta, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1054714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
aerobic/anaerobic training
effort
football
intensity
Opis:
The problem of evaluating and defining physical endurance of athletes has been the subject of a great body of research and scientific discussion. In team sports, especially football, the energy protection of working muscles in players requires the use of almost all metabolic pathways: aerobic, anaerobic and aerobic-anaerobic. Because of the varying pace of action, the share of energy conversions in muscle cells changes rapidly during a match. Another concern voiced by scientists and football coaches is the question of whether fitness training should always be performed with football balls. The aim of this paper was to present the necessity of monitoring the development of aerobic fitness in football players, and also to answer the question of whether motoric training in football may be performed with balls.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2013, 2, 2; 3-8
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of pain in athletes – selected methods
Autorzy:
Leźnicka, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1054971.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
athletes
measurement methods
pain
physical effort
Opis:
It is generally believed that athletes experience pain in a different way than normally active individuals. Many scientists have confirmed the hypothesis that long-term physical activity can alter the perception of pain, i.e. athletes have a higher pain sensation and pain tolerance thresholds. The measurement of pain intensity is carried out using subjective methods based on verbal and non-verbal information, describing the clinical characteristics of pain. These psychological methods include the use of scales and questionnaires. Objective methods (thermal, mechanical and electrical) are used only to determine the pain sensation and pain tolerance thresholds. The specificity and prevalence of chronic pain syndromes have resulted in the increased number of studies on healthy and physically active individuals. It seems that determination of the effects of exercise on the perception of pain might help in the understanding of mechanisms of pain generation.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2013, 3, 3; 27-30
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of physical effort on cortisol level: a review of the latest report
Autorzy:
Grzebisz, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
effort
cortisol
saliva
overtraining
biochemical markers
Opis:
The results of the current study demonstrate that exercise interferes with the hormonal balance system. The size and direction of these changes depend on the volume and intensity of a physical effort. Biochemical monitoring can support the process of training and gathered data can assist in countering the effects of overtraining. The article presents the latest reports on the character of the changes in cortisol influenced by various types of physical effort, the impact of the training units, time of their execution and the influence of the supply of carbohydrates on the level of this hormone in the body. This work also presents the advantages of saliva analysis, as a reliable material to measure the level of cortisol in athletes.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 48; 205-210
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of heavy physical effort on proteolytic adaptations in skeletal and heart muscle and aorta in rats
Autorzy:
Gilbert-Matusiak, A.
Wyczalkowska-Tomasik, A.
Zendzian-Piotrowska, M.
Czrkowska-Paczek, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081959.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
physical effort
proteolytic enzymes
tissue remodeling
Opis:
Physical effort can elicit differential adaptive changes in the tissues of trained versus untrained rats. Proteolytic activity in the extracellular matrix could be engaged in such adaptation due to its influence on the elasticity of tissues. The effects were investigated of a single physical effort on the activity of elastase, cathepsin K, and plasmin in the skeletal muscles, heart muscles, and aortas of untrained (UT, n=30) and trained (T, n=30) rats. T rats underwent 6 weeks of endurance training. After the last training session, T and UT rats were divided randomly into 3 subgroups. Ten rats from each group (Tpre, n=10) and (UTpre, n=10) were sacrificed. The other 20 rats from each group performed 60 min. of aerobic exercise and were sacrificed immediately post exercise (T0h, n=10; UT0h, n=10) or 3h later (T3h, n=10; UT3h, n=10). Enzyme activity was measured fluorometrically. Cathepsin K and plasmin activity increased in the soleus muscles of UT0h versus UTpre, plasmin activity increased also in UT3h versus UTpre. Elastase, cathepsin K and plasmin activity increased in the heart muscles of T0h and T3h versus Tpre. No aortic differences were observed. Thus, a single bout of physical effort elicited different responses in tissues of T versus UT rats. Increased proteolytic enzyme levels in muscles could influence tissue remodeling. Unchanged aortic cathepsin K levels may help prevent aortic remodeling and neointima formation.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 4; 605-609
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring Plyometric Exercise Intensity Using Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale
Autorzy:
Asadi, Abbas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
maximal effort
perceived exertion
stretch-shortening cycle
Opis:
The aim of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale to measure plyometric exercise intensity during low (L), moderate (M) and high (H) intensity. Fourteen physically active students (age; 21±1.1 y, height; 178.7±8.2 cm and body mass; 74.6±9.1 kg) volunteered to participate in this study and performed each intensity once separated with 24 h recovery. The H consisted of 1 set of 5 repetitions at 90% of the subject’s vertical jump height (VJH). The M consisted of 10 repetitions at 70% VJT, and the L consisted of 1 set of 15 repetitions at 50% VJH. RPE was measured following the completion each intensity using 0-10 Borg RPE scale. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and the level of significant was set at p < 0.05. The results indicated increases in RPE following enhancing exercise intensity (p < 0.05). Performing fewer repetitions at a higher intensity was perceived to be more difficult than performing more repetitions at a lower intensity. The results of the current investigation revealed that the RPE method is effective in monitoring different plyometric exercise and training intensities and it can be recommend that strength and conditioning professionals and athletes use the RPE method based on the effectiveness tool for monitoring their plyometric exercise and training sessions at different intensities.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2014, 2; 10-15
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of the Effort Preparation Process Among the Short Track Female Competitors in a Year Cycle
Autorzy:
Lukanova-Jakubowska, Anna
Konieczny, Mariusz
Charaśna-Blachucik, Justyna
Wieloch, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1054665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Wingate test
aerobic endurance
physical effort adaptation
Opis:
The aim of conducted research was an attempt to define the dynamics of aerobic and anaerobic endurance changes in the short track female competitors training during a year cycle which is dependent on the energy characteristic of training burden. Nineteen female competitors of OMKŁS Opole club and KU AZS PO Opole, were put through the examination. Eight of them were members of National Team and Olympic Team (Vancouver 2010), moreover, the competitors participated in the World Cup, World Championship, European Championship. The other examined competitors were members of National Team. With the help of terrain and laboratory tests, an official record was made on every lap time, final time of every trial, HR max and HR medium as well as the concentration of lactate in blood in fourth minute after an effort. In the thirtieth minute, after an effort, HR and lactate concentration were registered in order to define the course of restitution. Anaerobic and mixed parameters were examined by the Wingate test in 7.5% load formula of body weight. The results of researches proved that a selection of applied training burdens was not conductive to the adaptation of process according to the Mathews, Fox model (1976). In the short track, a training burden should reflect the specific of an effort in this discipline, emphasising an anaerobic energy type in a year cycle of preparations.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2015, 12, 4; 109-119
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Input or intimacy
Autorzy:
Navracsics, Judit
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
multilingual acquisition
general language effort
input
emotionality
Opis:
According to the critical period hypothesis, the earlier the acquisition of a second language starts, the better. Owing to the plasticity of the brain, up until a certain age a second language can be acquired successfully according to this view. Early second language learners are commonly said to have an advantage over later ones especially in phonetic/phonological acquisition. Native-like pronunciation is said to be most likely to be achieved by young learners. However, there is evidence of accentfree speech in second languages learnt after puberty as well. Occasionally, on the other hand, a nonnative accent may appear even in early second (or third) language acquisition. Cross-linguistic influences are natural in multilingual development, and we would expect the dominant language to have an impact on the weaker one(s). The dominant language is usually the one that provides the largest amount of input for the child. But is it always the amount that counts? Perhaps sometimes other factors, such as emotions, ome into play? In this paper, data obtained from an EnglishPersian-Hungarian trilingual pair of siblings (under age 4 and 3 respectively) is analyzed, with a special focus on cross-linguistic influences at the phonetic/phonological levels. It will be shown that beyond the amount of input there are more important factors that trigger interference in multilingual development.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2014, 4, 3; 485-506
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A proposal of a novel geometrical measure of material effort
Autorzy:
Wacławiak, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38884607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN
Tematy:
stress tensor
geometrical representation
material effort hypotheses
Opis:
A stress tensor may be presented as a surface delimited by a stress vector located at angles α1, α2, α3 in relation to axes x, y, z. Geometrically, it outlines a domain and is linked to the loading. In this study, the area of such a surface and the volume of the domain were determined, along with their cross-sections with reference to areas and circumferences. Different stresses were also compared. This article presents cases of uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial tension and pure shear for an isotropic solid body. The analysis of a stress tensor in this conceptual work does not involve any material features, yet yields interesting results, particularly in the case of pure shear and uniaxial tension.
Źródło:
Engineering Transactions; 2022, 70, 2; 183-199
0867-888X
Pojawia się w:
Engineering Transactions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza, ocena i doskonalenie jakości usług – case study
Autorzy:
Kowalik, K.
Klimecka-Tatar, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
Impact&Effort Matrix
Importance-Performance Analysis
improvement
service quality
Servqual method
doskonalenie
jakość usług
macierz Impact&Effort
metoda Servqual
Opis:
The objectives of the analysis conducted and described in this paper has been to present the practical application of service quality improvement’s chosen methods based on case study. The first part of the article contains the theoretical framework of service quality and its improvement. Afterwards, the results of empirical research have been presented. First of all, to analyze the process, the Servqual method has been chosen. To choose the most important areas of improvement the Importance-Performance Analysis’ results have been used. Furthermore, in the Impact and Effort Matrix the selected improvement ideas have been included.
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie praktycznego zastosowania metod doskonalenia jakości usług w oparciu o case study. Pierwsza część opracowania zawiera teoretyczne ramy jakości usług i jej doskonalenia. Następnie zaprezentowano wyniki badań empirycznych: analizę jakości usługi w oparciu o metodę Servqual, identyfikację kluczowych obszarów doskonalenia z wykorzystaniem metody Importance-Performance oraz analizę możliwości wdrożenia poszczególnych działań doskonalących poprzez ich prezentację na macierzy Impact&Effort.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement; 2018, 2 (9); 92-102
2544-2813
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wkładu programisty w końcowy kod źródłowy programu
Software developer contribution in the final source code
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek, J.
Wróbel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/267098.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:
szacowanie nakładu
repozytorium kodu
software engineering
effort estimation
Opis:
Ocena pracy programistów jest zadaniem złożonym. Kierownicy projektów biorą pod uwagę takie czynniki jak jakość tworzonego kodu, zdolność do rozwiązywania problemów technicznych i biznesowych oraz produktywność. Mierzenie produktywności poszczególnych programistów jest jednak zadaniem skomplikowanym. W artykule zostanie przedstawiona nowa metoda oceny wkładu programisty w końcowy kod źródłowy programu. Na podstawie przechowywanej w repozytorium historii wykonanych operacji i zdefiniowanych w metodzie wag określany jest udział poszczególnych programistów w wytworzeniu oprogramowania. W artykule zostaną również przedstawione wyniki walidacji metody przeprowadzone dla dwóch projektów Open Source.
Estimation of the software developers effort is a complex task. Project managers take into account factors such as the quality of the created code, the ability to solve technical and business problems, as well as productivity. However measuring the productivity of individual developers, is very complicated. The article presents a new method of assessing the contribution of the developer in the final source code of the program, which operates on the data stored in code repositories. It will present the results of the method validation conducted on two open source projects.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2013, 36; 93-96
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kommunikative Anstrengung. Hin zur lebensnahen interkulturellen (Fremdsprachen-)Lehrerausbildung
Autorzy:
Błażek, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/912179.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
multilingualism
communicative effort
intercultural communication
intercultural teacher training
Opis:
Intercultural (foreign language) teacher training tends to concentrate on selective case studies developed to show communicative problems, caused by their very special intercultural and multilingual characteristics. It also tends to make a big promise of a rapid improvement in intercultural communication in a multicultural and multilingual society by transferring the solutions for intercultural communicative problems to the students’ own experience. Such an approach fails to take into account the fact that encounters with inadequate communicative acts (behaviours/speech acts) determined by cultural and/or language differences are a daily experience of everybody and require a lot of communicative effort in order to prevent intercultural problems before they happen. The following article discusses what is meant by communicative effort, how past studies on the intercultural competence of (foreign language) teachers account on communicative effort, and how to prepare students to undertake communicative effort in their daily communicative activities in a multicultural and multilingual society
Źródło:
Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics; 2018, 45, 2; 71-87
0072-4769
Pojawia się w:
Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The choice of theory for adhesive layer effort
Autorzy:
Godzimirski, J.
Rośkowicz, M.
Tkaczuk, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248113.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
adhesive bonds
adhesive layers stresses
adhesive layer effort
Opis:
In the paper, the problems of adhesive layer effort was considered. The experimental tests of adhesives bonds were conducted in order to determine breaking loads. A technique a finite element mesh of adhesive layer subjected to shearing was proposed. Next the numerical calculations were conducted in order to determine distribution of stresses in adhesive layers at breaking loads. The components of stress tensor were used for the analytical calculations of reduced stresses according to seven hypotheses. It was found out that the maximal principal positive stresses hypothesis, the maximum principal strain hypothesis and the strain energy hypothesis make possible to estimate the adhesive layer effort with similar accuracy. Shape and the dimensions of the steel (S355J2G3) single lap specimen, the compression curves for Araldite AW 136H, the maximal principal stress values in the most loaded element of the adhesive layer depending on the elements' dimensions, modelling versions of the tree-layer adhesive layer's edges, distribution of the maximal principal stresses along edge section, comparison of the maximal principal stress distribution along adhesive layer's length, the stress-strain curve for Belzona 1111 adhesive and for Epidian57/Z1 adhesive, distribution of maximum principal stresses in adhesive layer of single lap bond subjected to shearing, are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 128-138
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wydatku energetycznego na stanowisku pracy piekarza metodą chronometrażowo-tabelaryczną wg Lehmanna
Assessment of Physical Load on the Baker’s Stand with the Use of a Chronometric-Tabular Analysis by Lehmann
Autorzy:
Prędecka, A.
Węgrzyn, M.
Sowa, M.
Sulak, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/136294.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
Tematy:
obciążenie fizyczne
wydatek energetyczny
physical effort
energy expenditure
Opis:
Ocena obejmuje charakterystykę obciążenia fizycznego pracą, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wydatku energetycznego. Przedstawiono również opis metod, które umożliwiają wyliczenie wydatku energetycznego, główny nacisk kładąc na metodę chronometrażowo-tabelaryczną. Nawiązano również do wartości normatywów higienicznych dotyczących wydatku energetycznego obowiązujących w Polsce. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiaru wydatku energetycznego na stanowisku roboczym – piekarz. Analizę tę wykonano dla mężczyzny oraz dla kobiety, pracujących w czasie tej samej zmiany roboczej (w godzinach 16:00–24:00). Pomiary wydatku energetycznego metodą chronometrażowo-tabelaryczną prowadziły niezależnie dwie osoby. Celem autorów było odniesienie uzyskanych wartości wydatku energetycznego do obowiązujących kryteriów normatywnych. Badania te umożliwiły również porównanie wydatku energetycznego obliczonego wyżej wymienioną metodą przez dwie osoby i przeanalizowanie, jakie są różnice w obliczonych wartościach oraz czym mogły być spowodowane.
The article includes the characteristics of the load of physical work, especially energy expenditure. It also presents a description of the methods that allow to determinate the energy expenditure on the workplace, with the main emphasis on the chronometric-tabular analysis, which have been used in practice. It also refers to the values of hygienic standards on energy expenditure valid in Poland. The article presents the study on the energy expenditure at the – baker’s stand. The analysis was made for men and for women working during the same work shift. The measurements of energy expenditure with the chronometric-tabular analysis by Lehmann were conducted independently by two people. The aim of this study was to analyze the physical effort in order to compare it with the hygienic standards. The studies also allow to compare the energy expenditure calculated by the mentioned method by two independent persons and indicate what are the differences in the calculated values and what could have they been caused by.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej; 2016, 3, 59; 137-155
0239-5223
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exercise-induced physiological response to effort and its effect on the welfare of sport horses
Indukowana treningiem odpowiedź fizjologiczna na wysiłek i jego wpływ na dobrostan koni sportowych
Autorzy:
Rowicka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2196892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
exercise
physiological response
effort
welfare
sport
horse
hematological index
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica; 2013, 31, 1; 59-68
0239-4243
2083-7399
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enhancing Prudent Fiscal Policy
Autorzy:
Poniatowski, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fiscal effort
fiscal rules
cyclically-adjusted balance
fiscal governance
Opis:
The objective of this paper is to derive the characteristics of an effective governance framework ensuring incentives for conducting a prudent fiscal policy. We study this problem with the use of econometric tools and a sample of 28 European Union Member States between 2003 and 2017. By looking at specific reforms and measures, not only we verify the synthetic effectiveness of fiscal constraints but also we analyse specific elements of the governance framework. Our study shows that fiscal balances are affected not only by the economic cycle, but, among others, by the level of public debt and its cost. We find that the existence of numerical fiscal rules, in that specifically revenue and expenditures rules, their strong legal entrenchment, surveillance mechanisms, sanctions, and flexibility with respect to business cycle have a significant impact on curbing deficits.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2019, 4; 199-215
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Unspoken Effort. Language Status, Language Category, and Language-Driven Effort of Adolescents in a Multilingual Environment
Autorzy:
Karolczak, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159132.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
English EAL
English EFL
language-driven effort
environment
multilingual
Opis:
The present exploratory study investigated adolescent experiences (N = 84) at a multilingual London college to provide evidence of the psychological factors underlying language-driven effort. It was assessed in a group of students with either English as First Language (EFL) or English as an Additional Language (EAL) status, speaking English to varying degrees, concerning their personal characteristics and environment. The impact of language status and category on such an effort was explored in volunteers of all year groups, using a new theory- and practice-based Language-driven Effort Questionnaire. Differences in language-driven effort among groups with diverse language statuses occurred. EAL students put in more effort, perceiving their environment as motivating and supportive, which was reciprocal, regardless of proficiency. Also, the language category was important for early EAL learners who struggled and were sometimes lonely. The results showed that the sources of language-driven efforts in multilingual settings are both personal and environmental. The need to analyse the individual situation and use flexible methods in the classroom were signalled for the benefit of all pupils who differ in language attributes.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2022, 4(138); 125-142
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Empirical Study on the Factors Affecting Software Development Productivity
Autorzy:
Lavazza, L.
Morasca, S.
Tosi, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
effort
function point
empirical study
ISBSG dataset
factors
development
productivity
Opis:
Background : Software development productivity is widely investigated in the Software Engineering literature. However, continuously updated evidence on productivity is constantly needed, due to the rapid evolution of software development techniques and methods, and also the regular improvement in the use of the existing ones. Objectives : The main goal of this paper is to investigate which factors affect productivity. It was also investigated whether economies or diseconomies of scale exist and whether they may be influenced by productivity factors. Method : An empirical investigation was carried out using a dataset available at the software project repository ISBSG. The major focus was on factors that may affect productivity from a functional point of view. The the conducted analysis was compared with the productivity data provided by Capers Jones in 1996 and 2013 and with an investigation on open-source software by Delorey et al. Results : This empirical study led to the discovery of interesting models that show how the different factors do (or do not) affect productivity. It was also found out that some factors appear to allow for economies of scale, while others appear to cause diseconomies of scale. Conclusions : This paper provides some more evidence about how four factors, i.e., programming languages, business areas, architectural types, and the usage of CASE tools, influence productivity and highlights some interesting divergences in comparison with the results reported by Capers Jones and Delorey et al.
Źródło:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal; 2018, 12, 1; 27-49
1897-7979
Pojawia się w:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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