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Tytuł:
Assessment Water Quality Indices of Surface Water for Drinking and Irrigation Applications – A Comparison Review
Autorzy:
Al Yousif, Mustafa A.
Chabuk, Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
WQI
water quality index
drinking use
irrigation use
index
WQR
water quality rating
Opis:
Water is one of the most important natural resources for all living organisms, including humans. Water consumption is increasing over the years as a result of the increase in the number of people, and at the same time, the causes of pollution of surface water sources increase. Water pollution is one of the most important causes of diseases and the transmission of infection to the organisms that use it. Also, the quality of agricultural crops is linked to the quality of the water used for irrigation. As a result, there was a need to monitor and evaluate the main water sources to maintain the quality of their water suitable for use by humans and other organisms. As is well known, it is difficult to evaluate the water quality of large samples with concentrations of many parameters using traditional methods, which depend on comparing experimentally determined parameter values with current standards. As a result, over the past century and the present, many methods of assessing water quality have emerged. This research aims to introduce the most important indices of water quality used at present to assess the quality of surface water for drinking and irrigation purposes, as well as the history of these methods and their development over time and their most important advantages, in addition to a group of the most important research that used these methods during the past few years.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 40--55
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bacteriological Quality Status of Spring Waters from the Taanzoult Plain (Aguelmam Sidi Ali Wetland, Morocco)
Autorzy:
Sammoudi, Rachid
Chahlaoui, Abdelkader
Ouarrak, Khadija
Taha, Imane
Khaffou, Mhamed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
bacteriology
spring water
drinking water
livestock watering
water quality
Taanzoult plain
Aguelmam Sidi Ali wetland
Morocco
Opis:
The Taanzoult plain of Aguelmam Sidi Ali wetland contains several permanent springs of water. They are intended for watering livestock, supplying drinking water and hydrotherapy. Nevertheless, the water consumption from sources in the raw state, without any pre-treatment or hygienic measures, certainly threatens the health of humans and particularly that of traditional medicine patients. From this perspective, the present work is based on a monthly monitoring of eight bacterial germs in the waters of four sources (Aghbalou Aberchane, Aghbalou Dkhiss, Aghbalou Akjdate and forestry post) during a hydrobiological cycle of 12 months from January to December 2017. The results of analyses have shown that bacterial contamination is significant at the water sources, used mainly for watering livestock, compared to those dedicated to drinking and hydrotherapy. The mean content of total coliforms and fecal coliforms at all the stations are higher than the Moroccan standards for surface water intended for the drinking water production. Except for the wet period for Aghbalou Aberchane and Aghbalou Dkhiss waters, the value of the bacterial parameters studied are higher than the Moroccan standards. In general, the anarchic frequentation of the area negatively influences the water quality and compromises its potability. Consequently, it directly threatens the health of users and hydrotherapy patients, especially during the dry season. These findings could call on the health authorities and the competent authorities responsible for controlling the quality of surface water to make users aware of the health risks and provide for appropriate arrangements to improve the quality of the widely sought-after natural waters.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 184--191
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human-Rights Approach to Water in the European Union on the 10th Anniversary of the ‘Right2Water’ Initiative
Autorzy:
Hałub-Kowalczyk, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15846637.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
access to water
right to water
Right2Water
Drinking Water Directive
Concession Directive
Opis:
The 20 principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights adopted by the EU in 2017 include the right to access such basic services as water, sanitation, energy or transport. In the face of the climate crisis, the first of these rights is becoming a service which, due to the progression of global warming, could lose its universal and easily accessible nature. It seems reasonable to ask about the chances of developing a ‘right to water’ within the framework of the EU’s system, which would unambiguously oblige the public authorities to ensure access to this right. The trigger for this research was the ‘Right2Water’ European citizens’ initiative addressed to the European Commission in 2013, which contained postulates to recognise access to water as a human right. Ten years after the launch of this procedure, it is reasonable to acknowledge the verification of the actions taken by the EU and whether the evolving EU water policy can be assessed as being oriented towards ensuring the right to water for all EU-inhabitants. The aim of this paper justifies the use of legal-dogmatic research methodology. Regarding the analysis of legal acts, the rules of legal hermeneutics were applied, esp. grammar and teleological interpretation.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2023, 2(52); 71-81
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigating the content of microplastics and other extraneous particles in Polish bottled water
Autorzy:
Aleksander-Kwaterczak, Urszula
Gaj, Dominika
Stelmach, Alex
Wróbel, Tomasz P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27310134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
plastic bottles
drinking water
solid particles
polymers
microplastics
FT-IR spectroscopy
Opis:
Bottled water has enjoyed a global increase in popularity since it is generally perceived to be superior in quality to tap water and necessary when tap water is non-potable. As a result, ensuring that it meets the requisite quality standards is of vital importance. This work aims to examine the content of solid particles, including microplastics, in bottled water available in Polish stores. The second aspect is the preliminary determination of the influence of the water gassing process, together with thermal and light factors, on the content of particles in the water. The number of particles was counted by colour and shape, with the number ranging from 87 to 188 per litre of water; on average, there were 136 ±32 particles per litre of water, demonstrating that water from disposable plastic bottles is contaminated with various substances. The difference in the number of particles may be due to the origin of the waters, the processes they were subjected to prior to bottling, the properties of the bottles as packaging, and the conditions and length of storage and transport. Additional Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis confirmed that about 75% of the particles were polymers, and 50% of them were plastics. Particularly alarming is the fact that the bottled waters mostly contained microplastic particles (MP) of smaller sizes, the kind which is recognized as being the most dangerous to human health. In the study, most particles were in the form of irregular shapes, which may indicate that they come from the destruction of waste or plastic products. This is also indicated by the domination of colourless particles. More particles were found in waters exposed to high and low temperatures than in waters stored at room temperature, potentially indicating that storage conditions for drinking water are important. Taking into account the results obtained, increasing attention should be paid to the health risks posed by such microplastics and there is a clear need to introduce legal regulations on the matter. The lack of any legal guidelines or unified standards in the field of MP research means that the results are not always representative, and it also makes it difficult to compare the results from different studies.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2023, 49, 4; 335--353
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microbial community during the initial stage of biologically active carbon filters’ operation and its role in organic matter removal from water
Zbiorowisko drobnoustrojów w początkowej fazie pracy biologicznie aktywnych filtrów węglowych i ich rola w usuwaniu materii organicznej z wody
Autorzy:
Mądrecka-Witkowska, Beata
Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata
Pruss, Alina
Holc, Dorota
Trzebny, Artur
Dabert, Mirosława
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
biofilm formation
drinking water
biodegradation
biologically active carbon filters
PICRUSt analysis
16S rRNA-profiling
Opis:
Filtration through biologically active carbon (BAC) filters is an effective method of organic matter removal during drinking water treatment. In this study, the microbial community in the initial period of filters’ operation, as well as its role in the organic matter removal were investigated. Research was carried out in a pilot scale on two BAC filters (Filter 1 and Filter 2) which were distinguished by the type of inflowing water. It was observed that the number of heterotrophic plate count bacteria and total microbial activity were significantly higher in water samples collected from Filter 2, which received an additional load of organic matter and microorganisms. Despite the differences in the values of chemical and microbiological parameters of inflowing water, the composition of the microbiome in both filters was similar. The predominant taxon was a bacterium related to Spongiibacter sp. (Gammaproteobacteria) (>50% of relative abundance). In both filters, the efficiency of organic matter removal was at the same level, and the composition and relative frequency of predicted functional pathways related to metabolism determined using PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States Software) at level 3 of KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) Orthology – were also similar. The study demonstrated that a 40-day period of filter operation after filling with virgin granular activated carbon, was sufficient to initiate biofilm development. It was proved, that during the initial stage of filter operation, microorganisms capable of biodegradation of various organic compounds, including xenobiotics like nitrotoluene, colonized the filters.
Filtracja przez biologicznie aktywne filtry węglowe (BAF) jest skuteczną metodą usuwania materii organicznej podczas uzdatniania wody przeznaczonej do spożycia przez ludzi. W niniejszej pracy zbadano zbiorowisko drobnoustrojów w początkowym okresie eksploatacji filtrów oraz jego rolę w usuwaniu materii organicznej z wody. Badania przeprowadzono w skali pilotowej na dwóch filtrach BAF (Filtr 1 i Filtr 2) różniących się składem dopływającej wody. Stwierdzono, że liczba bakterii heterotroficznych i całkowita aktywność mikrobiologiczna były znacząco większe w próbkach wody pobranych z Filtra 2 – zasilanego wodą wzbogaconą o dodatkowy ładunek materii organicznej i mikroorganizmów. Pomimo różnic w wartościach parametrów chemicznych i mikrobiologicznych dopływającej wody, skład mikrobiomu w filtrach był podobny. W obu filtrach dominującym taksonem była bakteria spokrewniona z Spongiibacter sp. (Gammaproteobacteria) (>50% względnej liczebności). W obydwóch filtrach efektywność usuwania materii organicznej była na podobnym poziomie oraz skład i względna częstość występowania przewidywanych szlaków funkcjonalnych związanych z metabolizmem, oznaczone przy użyciu PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States Software) na poziomie 3 KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) Orthology były również zbliżone. Badania wykazały, że 40-dniowy okres pracy filtrów po napełnieniu świeżym granulowanym węglem aktywnym był wystarczający do rozwoju biofilmu. Udowodniono, że w początkowym okresie pracy złoża filtracyjne zasiedlane były przez mikroorganizmy zdolne do biodegradacji różnych związków organicznych, w tym ksenobiotyków, np. nitrotoluenu.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2023, 49, 3; 67--77
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perfluorowane związki chemiczne w środowisku wodno-ściekowym
Perfluorinated chemical compounds in water and wastewater environments
Autorzy:
Rosińska, Agata
Grobelak, Anna
Piekutin, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/27316758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-07-19
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:
perflurowane związki chemiczne
woda
woda przeznaczona do spożycia
ścieki
perfluorinated chemical compounds
water
drinking water
wastewater
Opis:
Perfluorowane związki chemiczne (PFC) są to substancje niezwykle trwałe, odporne na biodegradację, nie ulegają metabolizmowi w organizmach, w związku z tym mają zdolność do kumulacji w łańcuchach pokarmowych. PFC charakteryzuje wysoki potencjał transportu dalekiego zasięgu, co tłumaczy ich globalną dystrybucję. PFC były produkowane od lat pięćdziesiątych XX wieku i były szeroko stosowane. Ich produkcja systematyczne wzrastała aż do 2002 roku, kiedy producenci wycofali ich wytwarzanie. PFC są wykrywane na całym świecie w wodach, ściekach, osadach i organizmach żywych. Uważa się, że głównym źródłem PFC w wodach powierzchniowych są oczyszczalnie ścieków (zarówno komunalnych, jak i przemysłowych). Stężenia PFC w ściekach i osadach ściekowych dochodzą odpowiednio do kilkuset ng/dm3 i kilku tysięcy ng/g suchej masy. Niektóre analizy wykazały, że stężenia poszczególnych PFC w ściekach oczyszczonych są wyższe w porównaniu do ich zawartości w ściekach surowych, co wskazuje, że związki te mogą generować się z prekursorów w procesach biodegradacji. Wiele państw zaczęło wprowadzać akty prawne dotyczące regulacji występowania PFC w środowisku. W aktualnej Dyrektywie Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) 2020/2184 w sprawie jakości wody przeznaczonej do spożycia przez ludzi z dnia 16 grudnia 2020 r. rozszerzono zakres badań wody ujmowanej do zaopatrzenia w wodę poprzez dodanie do parametrów obowiązkowych między innymi perfluorowanych związków alifatycznych.
Perfluorinated organic compounds are extremely persistent, resistant to biodegradation, do not metabolize in organisms, and therefore have the ability to accumulate in food chains. PFCs have a high potential for long-range transport, which explains their global distribution. PFCs have been produced since the 1950s and have been widely used. PFC production increased steadily until 2002, when manufacturers phased out their manufacture. PFCs are detected worldwide in water, wastewater, sludge and living organisms. Wastewater treatment plants (both municipal and industrial) are believed to be the main source of PFCs in surface water. Concentrations of PFCs in wastewater and sewage sludge reach several hundred ng/dm3 and several thousand ng/g dry weight, respectively. Some analyses have shown that the concentrations of individual PFCs in treated wastewater are higher compared to their content in raw wastewater, indicating that these compounds can generate from precursors in biodegradation processes. Many countries have begun to introduce legislation to regulate PFCs in the environment. The current Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) 2020/2184 on the quality of water intended for human consumption, dated December 16, 2020, expands the scope of testing of water abstracted for water supply by adding perfluorinated aliphatic compounds, among other mandatory parameters.
Źródło:
Inżynieria środowiska i biotechnologia. Wyzwania i nowe technologie; 244-259
9788371939013
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance of Conventional Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Removing Microplastics in East Java, Indonesia
Autorzy:
Radityaningrum, Arlini Dyah
Trihadiningrum, Yulinah
Soedjono, Eddy Setiadi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
drinking water
microplastic
removal efficiency
water treatment
Opis:
Microplastic (MP) has been a new emerging contaminant in the municipal water supply. A water treatment process is a key to producing high-quality and safe drinking water. The performance of a conventional drinking water treatment plant (CDWTP) to remove MPs is questionable. This research aimed to investigate the performance of 2 CDWTPs in East Java in removing MPs. Full-stage treatment in two CDWTPs consisted of intake, pre-sedimentation, coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, sand filter, and disinfection units. Five L water samples were collected with a grab sampling technique in the sampling points of intake and outlet of each water treatment unit. MP abundance and characteristics in each sample were determined using a Sunshine SZM-45T-B1 stereomicroscope and a Nicolet i10 FTIR spectrophotometer. Total MP removal efficiencies in CDWTPs I and II were 66 and 62%, respectively. The coagulation-flocculation unit performed the highest MP removal efficiencies (56%). The MP with 1–350 μm size achieved lower removal efficiencies (33–53%) than that with 351-<5,000 μm size (53–76%). The removal efficiencies of fiber, fragment, and film in the CDWTPs were 61–65%; 86–100%; and 100%, respectively.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 6; 129--143
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation of Pipe Networks Using EPANET to Optimize Water Supply : a Case Study for Arjawinangun Area, Indonesia
Autorzy:
Safitri, Adam
Wahyudi, Slamet Imam
Soedarsono
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31340458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
drinking water
EPANET 2.0
hydraulic simulation
optimization
pipeline Network
Opis:
In providing clean water services to a community, a clean water supply distribution network system is very important. This study is aimed at the determination of the distribution pipe network by simulating and optimizing the water supply system in the Arjawinangun area, Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. The data collected was analyzed by using EPANET 2.0 software for modelling water distribution systems. The results show that the total domestic and non-domestic water demand is 391.41 l/s, with a leakage rate of 20%. The pipeline installation plan for the Arjawinangun area is planned to be installed for a length of 23,045 m, with pipe diameters ranging from 400 to 90 mm. The Arjawinangun Area Offtake Reservoir drainage system, which is at an elevation of +25 m above sea level, requires a distribution pump with a head (H) of 6.0 bar. Also, using the gravity distribution technique, a water tower can be built (~ 55 m) as a water supply booster pump.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2023, 70, 1; 17-28
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria)
Autorzy:
Bounab, Samia
Khemmoudj, Kaddour
Sedrati, Nassima
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173296.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
groundwater
drinking water
irrigation water
water quality index
hydrochemical facies
Opis:
Twenty groundwater samples were collected and then examined for physical (pH, EC, TDS) and chemical (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3−, Cl−, SO42−, NO3) parameters, followed by multivariate statistics to determine the current state of groundwater quality and to assess the suitability of these resources for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Baser Sakhra area localized in Eastern of Algeria. The analysis carried out showed that the cations trend in most of the groundwater samples is on the order of Ca2+˃Na+˃Mg2+˃K+ and the anions trend is on the order of HCO3-˃SO42-˃Cl-. Stabler diagram demonstrated the predominance of Ca2+- HCO3- hydro-chemical facies (80%). Moreover, the parameters, such as sodium adsorption ratio, percentage sodium, residual sodium carbonate, permeability index, Kelly’s ratio, potential salinity, and magnesium hazard were evaluated for the suitability of groundwater for irrigation. The values obtained in this investigation concluded that most of the groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation. From the other approach, the Water Quality Index (WQI) for drinking was also used in the current study. WQI ranged from 72.46 to 506.426, indicating that 40% of the samples were suitable for drinking however, 60% of them belong to the poor to unsuitable category of drinking water in terms of physicochemical properties, according to the World Health Organization norms.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 8; 119--132
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of groundwater potability for the population: Geochemical evaluation of aquifers in the city of Krasnodar
Autorzy:
Azimov, Abdugani
Nekrasova, Larisa
Gura, Dmitry
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
aquifers
drinking water
geochemical analysis
heavy metals content
Krasnodar
morbidity stage
wells
Opis:
This work aimed to evaluate groundwater potability for the population through geochemical assessment methods on the example of aquifers in Krasnodar city. In 2016 and 2019, on the territory of Krasnodar city (Krasnodar region, Russian Federation), a detailed geochemical analysis of groundwater quality was performed based on a total of 6000 samples, 3000 samples per each year. Samples were taken from 30 wells located at depths of up to 450 m in the layers of Anthropogen and Neogene stages. Quantitative analysis of wells according to the average water quality parameters showed that in 15 wells, the water condition met the MAC (maximum allowable concentration) standards in all layers. Water abundance between the layers of the Quaternary and Cimmerian stages is seven times as different (p ≤ 0.001) towards the latter, the hardness between the same horizons is ten times as different (p ≤ 0.001) towards the Quaternary stage and three times as different (p ≤ 0.05) in terms of solid residue. Thus, the water hardness and water abundance index vary significantly between the vertical layers. A strong positive correlation between the solid residue and the hardness values (Pearson correlation 0.93, p ≤ 0.05), and a negative correlation between water abundance and solid residue values (Pearson correlation - 0.83, p ≤ 0.05), as well as between the hardness and water abundance values (Pearson correlation - 0.81, p ≤ 0.05) was recorded. These findings can be used for regions with similar deposits of rocks and aquifers.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 34--43
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of WQI for the Al-Jubalia Water Treatment Plant
Autorzy:
Naeem, Saja M.
Al Chalabi, Ahmed S.
Al-Marj, Ohood K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202124.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
WQI
Al-Jubalia
WTP
weight arithmetic index method
relative white
WHO
Iraqi standard
drinking water
Opis:
The water quality index is an effective tool for determining water quality. All water treatment plants in the Basrah governorate source their water from the Shatt al-Arab River. A water quality index (WQI) for both raw and treated water for the Al-Jubalia water treatment plant is obtained in order to assess its acceptability as a source of residential water supply and the performance of water treatment facilities. From January to December 2019, the physicochemical parameters were observed for the calculation of WQI for the annual and four seasons: winter, spring, summer, and autumn. The pH, turbidity, electric conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO4, TDS, Na, and K are the parameters that were considered in this study. In winter, spring, and summer, the results show that raw and treated water were unsuitable for home, industrial, and irrigation needs. In autumn, only the treated water was classified as good water according to WQI categories. As a result, the quality of the Al-Jubalia WTP treated water supply is unfit for human consumption.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 10; 216--228
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bank filtration for climate resilience: potentiality of a new site along the Ismailia Canal in Egypt
Autorzy:
Ghodeif, Kamal
Wahaab, Rifaat A.
Grischek, Thomas
Afifi, Hana
Wahsh, Neveen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204355.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
green technology
low flow
drinking water
water quality
residence time
technologia ekologiczna
przepływ niski
woda pitna
jakość wody
czas pobytu
Opis:
Bank filtration (BF) is a nature-based solution that can provide safe drinking water at a low cost, in being a green technology that benefits from natural ecosystem services and saves energy as well. The objective of the present paper is to evaluate the potentiality of a new site for bank filtration along a surface water source that experiences periods of both high and low flow. This site is located along the Ismailia Canal in the eastern Nile Delta fringe of Egypt. The present evaluation is based on exploratory drilling, installation of monitoring infrastructure and monitoring of both water level and water quality parameters for one year. The site has favourable hydrogeological conditions; the mean hydraulic conductivity of aquifer materials (sand and gravel) is 18.98 m/day. Moreover, there is a hydraulic connection between canal and aquifer; under steady conditions, the canal feeds the aquifer. Using different tracers, such as Cl, EC, Sr and SO4, the average bank filtration share is in excess of 95%. BF has reduced the particulates (turbidity) by 96%, total coliform by 99 % and total organic carbon (TOC) expressed as ultra-violet absorbance at 254 wavelengths (UVA254) by 44%. In addition, BF reduces concentrations of disinfection by-products due to its ability to remove organic matter. The potential degradation of TOC in the canal bed sediments may cause the release of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) to the bank filtrate water; this process is exaggerated during low-flow periods. Compared to conventional water treatment, BF is a cost-effective green technology, because no chemicals are used and no waste products are generated.
Źródło:
Geologos; 2022, 28, 1; 51--60
1426-8981
2080-6574
Pojawia się w:
Geologos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka fizyczna i chemiczna osadów korozyjnych w rurach żelaznych eksploatowanych w obecności przepływu wody
Physical and chemical characteristics of corrosion deposits in iron pipes operated in presence of water flow
Autorzy:
Przywara, Lucyna
Jaszczurowska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2163400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
korozja
tworzenie zgorzeli
system dystrybucji wody pitnej
żelazna rura
corrosion
scale formation
drinking water distribution system
iron pipe
Opis:
The presented paper contains issues related to corrosion of water supply lines formed in cast iron and steel. This process can manifest in different ways, including pipe degradation, release of iron by-products, water flow restriction, microbial growth and the reduction of drinking water safety for consumers, which present a significant threat to water supply safety. The aim of the paper was to show changes that emerged in pipes formed in grey cast iron and steel as a result of potable water flow depending on the duration of their use. The corrosion scales from old water pipe lines were analyzed for their structure and composition. The description of the test methodology presents the procedure regarding, analysis of the inner and outer coating with the use of scanning equipment, and chemical analysis of the corrosion sludge. In this study, corrosion products were carefully collected from four old, corroded iron pipes made of different materials – gray cast iron and steel. It can be concluded that scale characteristics, including micromorphology, porosity and composition, vary significantly due to different pipe materials and times operating. Characteristics of corrosions scales sampled from different pipe segments show obvious differences, both in physical and chemical aspects. Corrosion scales were found highly amorphous. Diverse results can be observed in the case of the test of inner and outer surface of water supply pipes with the use of scanning equipment. The highest quantity of corrosion pits in the structure were present in the line formed in grey cast iron no. 2, while the deepest pits – over 14 mm – were recorded in steel pipe no. 4. Lines with the most reduced cross-section include steel pipe no. 3, which was characterized by presence of sludge sized over 26 mm. When considering the issue of the chemical composition of the formed corrosion sludge, particular attention must be drawn to the elements that may penetrate into water as a result of its flow, thus causing a considerable deterioration of its quality in chemical and physical terms. Among the major constituent elements of the deposits, iron was most prevalent followed, in the order of decreasing prevalence, by silicon, aluminum, sulfur, calcium, manganese, magnesium. Consequently, characterization of corrosion scales is indispensable to water quality protection.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering; 2022, 4(24); 30-40
2720-1252
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative Study of Iron Removal from Groundwater Using Low Cost Adsorbents
Autorzy:
Raheem, Shahad A.
Kadhim, Entidhar Jawad
Abdulhasan, Maryam Jawad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
groundwater contamination
iron removal
adsorption
filtration
drinking water
sawdust
barley husk
Opis:
Iron is one of the groundwater contaminants that negatively impact health and the environment. This study is attempted at introducing low cost natural adsorbent for that adsorbs iron from synthetically prepared iron water. Sawdust and barley husks were used as a filter media, either alone or at different mixing ratio of sawdust/barley husks (1:1, 0.5:1, 1:0.5), to study the effect of adsorbent dose on the removal efficiency. Synthetic water of iron was used at different initial concentrations (10, 25, 40, 65, and 80) mg/L to study the effect of initial iron concentration on the removal efficiency. The filtration process was conducted at a surface loading rate of 3 m3/m2.hr. The results showed higher removal efficiency with the increase of iron initial concentration. The results indicated that removal of iron ranged (90–99.34%) for all types of filter media. The best removal was found to be 99.34% at a mixing ratio of 0.5:1 (sawdust/barley husks) at 80 mg/L initial concentration. As a conclusion, Removal of iron was very successfully observed with absorbent materials sawdust and barley husk, which makes the treatment of iron even possible in rural areas and when high concentration of iron is present.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 11; 18--23
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of internal polyurethane coatings of cast iron pipes on the quality of transported potable water
Autorzy:
Zielina, Michał
Młyńska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
drinking water
polyurethane coating
iron
pH value
CV
coefficient of variation
woda pitna
powłoka poliuretanowa
żeliwo
wartość pH
współczynnik zmienności
Opis:
The paper presents the results of laboratory tests to determine the effect of an internal polyurethane coating in ductile iron pipes on the quality of disinfected and non-disinfected drinking water. A decrease in the pH of water in contact with the polyurethane coating was found, which was slightly higher in the non-disinfected water than in the disinfected water. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the pH values for the chlorinated water samples was 5.02% and for the non-chlorinated water was 7.15%. The experiments also showed a rather large effect of polyurethane liner on the increase of TOC concentration in water. The presence of disinfectant further slightly increased the amount of organic compounds released. The CV values normalized to one day for TOC were as high as 193.32% and even 199.39% for disinfected water. A significant effect of polyurethane coating was observed on the color change and odor of water. On the other hand, there was no effect of polyurethane coating on alkalinity and chlorine consumption in water. The CV values normalized to one day in both cases were very small at 0.97% and 0.53%, respectively.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2022, 48, 3; 25--38
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 166

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