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Wyszukujesz frazę "cutting temperature" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
The influence of cutting parameters on cutting forces and surface roughness
Autorzy:
Labuda, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
turning dynamometer
cutting forces
cutting temperature
surface roughness
Opis:
One of the greatest problems of modern production techniques is the achievement of an appropriate quality at minimal costs and accompanied by the production efficiency increase. Therefore, while designing the production process, the technology used should have a considerable influence on the durability and reliability of machine parts to be produced. During finish treatment, the final dimensions as well as functional properties are imparted to a given element by application of proper treatment type. The engineer has a range of production techniques to choose for the proper surface layer formation. It is crucial to find a suitable solution which will meet the requirements as well as the work conditions of a given machine part. The article presents the preliminary research results referring to the analysis of the influence of finishing lathing on the cutting forces and surface roughness of steel. The research was performed on a roller 39 mm in diameter made of S235JR steel. The finish tooling of pump shaft pins was carrying out on a universal centre lathe. The finish lathing process was carried out by means of a CCMT 09T304 PF Sandvik Coromant cutting tool with replaceable inserts. During the research, the effect of changes in the depth of cut on the value of cutting forces and temperature was defined. In addition, the influence of the depth of cut on the surface roughness was determined.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 199-204
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A simplistic regression-based genetic algorithm optimization of tool-work interface temperature
Autorzy:
Utkarsh
Kumar, Saumya
Kumar, Saaransh
Kiran, G. Uday
Mukhopadhyay, Arkadeb
Barman, Manik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38884187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN
Tematy:
turning
tool-work thermocouple
cutting temperature
ANOVA
Opis:
This work aims to investigate the average tool-work interface temperature for the HSS tool and AISI 1040 steel pair. A tool-work thermocouple is proposed for the measurement of temperature because of its simple construction in addition to the low cost. The machining process of AISI 1040 steel is considered due to its extensive application, including industry usage. The changes in cutting temperature are studied for combinations of cutting speed, feed and the depth of cut during turning operation. The orthogonal array L9 by Taguchi is adopted for designing the experiments within a restricted set of runs. The average cutting temperature shows an increasing curve with functions of speed versus depth of cut and speed versus feed. But no clear trend is observed for a combination of feed versus depth of cut. A second-order regression equation with reasonable accuracy (R2 = 0.99) is fitted using the data. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) reveals the highest contribution from cutting speed, which influences average temperature at the interface of tool and work. Further, the genetic algorithm predicts an optimal combination of parameters, which is 82.542 m/min cutting speed, 0.276 mm/rev feed rate and 0.2 mm depth.
Źródło:
Engineering Transactions; 2022, 70, 2; 141-156
0867-888X
Pojawia się w:
Engineering Transactions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The analysis of cutting tool geometric on cutting forces and surface roughness of steel applied to marine pumps shaft pins
Autorzy:
Labuda, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246319.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
turning dynamometer
cutting forces
cutting temperature
surface roughness
stainless steal
Opis:
One of the greatest problems of modern production techniques is the achievement of an appropriate quality at minimal costs and accompanied by the production efficiency increase. Therefore while designing the production process, the technology used should have a considerable influence on the durability and reliability of machine parts to be produced. During finish treatment the final dimensions as well as functional properties are imparted to a given element by application of proper treatment type. The engineer has a range of production techniques to choose for the proper surface layer formation. It is crucial to find a suitable solution which will meet the requirements as well as the work conditions of a given machine part. The article presents the research results referring to the analysis of the influence of finishing lathing on the cutting forces and surface roughness of stainless steel. The research was performed on a roller 60 mm in diameter made of X5CrNi18-10 steel. The finish tooling of pump shaft pins was carry out on a universal CDS 6250 BX-1000 centre lathe. The finish lathing process was carried out by means of Sandvik Coromant cutting tool with replaceable inserts. During the research, the effect of cutting tool geometric on cutting forces and surface roughness of steel applied to marine pumps shaft pins ware tested. In addition, the influence of cutting tool geometric on cutting temperatures was determined.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 1; 147-152
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Cutting Forces and Temperatures in Milling of Custom 450 Steel
Autorzy:
Gökçe, Harun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2125535.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
end milling
finite element method
Custom 450
cutting force
cutting temperature
Opis:
Stainless steels have a wide usage field, their needs as structural parts are increasing day by day due to their resistance to corrosion and providing sufficient mechanical strength in environments that would cause corrosion. In addition to high mechanical properties of the stainless steels, the low heat transmission coefficients bring problems during machining. In this study, the suitable cutting tool and cutting parameters have been evaluated in terms of cutting forces and the tool temperature, the experimental results and finite element analysis have been compared in the milling of Custom 450 stainless steel which offers especially an excellent working opportunity at high temperature and salinity environment. Milling experiments have been carried out using L16 experimental design for Taguchi method. Four simulations have been made using finite element method with corresponding values in L16 orthogonal array for optimum cutting tool and the results were compared in terms of cutting forces and tool temperature changes.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 3; 843--853
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitorowanie temperatury skrawania
Monitoring of the cutting temperature
Autorzy:
Bartoszuk, M.
Nowak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
temperatura skrawania
strefa kontaktu
źródło ciepła
cutting temperature
cutting zone
heat source
Opis:
Artykuł niniejszy omawia przykłady praktyczne różnych sposobów monitorowania temperatury skrawania. Omawiane metody badawcze zilustrowano w oparciu o przypadek toczenia ortogonalnego na sucho stali austenitycznej AISI 321 ostrzami węglikowymi H10F bez- i z powłokami ochronnymi o różnej konfiguracji warstw. W artykule szczególną uwagę poświęcono metodzie termoelementu naturalnego w odmianie jednonożowej oraz pomiarom termowizyjnym. W podsumowaniu pokazano zalety i wady omawianych metod pomiaru temperatury skrawania.
The paper discusses practical examples of different ways of monitoring the cutting temperature. These test methods are illus-trated based on the case of dry orthogonal turning of AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel by cemented carbide inserts H10F with and without protective coatings of varied layer configurations. In this paper particular attention is paid to the natural thermocouple in single-point cutting. Examples of application of the test method (Figs. 2 and 4) are shown, and measurement chain calibration is discussed (Figs. 5 and 6). Table 3 shows the results of the calibra-tion, i.e. the contact temperature as a function of the thermoelectrical force for selected tribological pairs of the tool-workpiece material. Moreover, the paper deals in detail with the methodology of the infrared imaging of the temperature distribution in the cutting zone. The considerations are based on the temperature distribution analysis on the top of the chip, which is directly in contact with the atmosphere (Fig. 10). Based on the literature data [2, 8] and the results of own research [3] an original method of calibrating the thermal imaging measurement chain was proposed (Fig. 7). This allowed determining the emissivity of the chip surface in settings similar to cutting conditions. In conclusion, there are presented the advantages and disadvantages of the discussed cutting temperature measurement methods by referring them to the literature results and the results of own research.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2014, R. 60, nr 1, 1; 16-19
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development on AI optimizing technology of NC program using tool free-cutting temperature for turning
Autorzy:
Tanabe, Ikuo
Isobe, Hiromi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2212054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
NC program
correction
free-cutting temperature
high productivity
tool condition
Opis:
In recent years, manufacturing must not only focus on high precision and productivity, but also on saving energy, resources and the environment. At the same time, there are increasing demands for high quality, high grade, wear resistance, heat-resisting property and high rigidity in machining workpieces. Therefore, for example, when creating NC programmes for machining difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys and nickel alloys used in the aerospace industry, it has been very difficult to determine their optimum cutting conditions and create highly productive NC programmes due to lack of experience. Therefore, an AI optimizing technology of NC program using tool free-cutting temperatures for turning was developed and evaluated. The turning was used for this research and neural networks were used for AI optimizing. The algorithm for optimizing NC program using tool free-cutting temperature was firstly developed. Then the AI optimizing program for NC program was developed by C programming language. Previous NC program can rewrite for optimum condition by using the AI optimizing program. The proposed AI optimizing technology of NC program was evaluated by the several experiments. It is concluded from the results that; (1) The AI optimizing program for NC programmes using tool free-cutting temperatures in turning was developed, (2) The developed program was very useful for high productivity, long tool life and environmentally friendly.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2023, 23, 1; 57--70
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testing of Air-Cooling Efficiency of the Underside of a Turning Tool Carbide Insert in EN-GJL 250 Cast Iron Turning Operations
Autorzy:
Bartoszuk, Marian
Prażmowski, Mariusz
Hurey, Igor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
cast-iron machining
air cooling systems
cutting temperature
surface roughness
tool wear
Opis:
This article shows the results of research on the effectiveness of operation of an original tool air cooling system in cutting. A case of turning EN-GJL 250 cast iron with TH10 tungsten carbide cutting inserts without protective coatings was selected for testing. The paper gives constructional details of the tested tool cooling system and discusses the principle of its operation. The research carried out has shown that this way of cooling the cutting insert causes a significant decrease in temperature in all sub-areas of the cutting zone. In addition, air cooling has been proven to significantly reduce cutting tool wear and slightly improve the roughness of the machined surface. The results obtained showed that the proposed method of cooling can be successfully used in the treatment of grey cast iron. In the future, it may serve as a basis for the construction of a professional cooling system for industrial applications.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2022, 16, 4; 1--9
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chip breaking phenomenon during cutting steel and polymer materials
Autorzy:
Liska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/112065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
cutting forces
cutting temperature
High Speed Camera
polymer
turning
siły skrawania
temperatura cięcia
szybka kamera
polimery
Opis:
Research in 60s and 70s started to deal with the shape of the chip characterization. It was possible then to do a limited study by means of measuring tool park. During such a study, different models for chip formation became familiar, such as the Time or Merchant model. The aim of article is to gain insight into some accompanying phenomena, occurring while cutting of different materials and with various tools. During an experimental design, the possible effects of different variables on each other and individually were considered. Two work-pieces (C45, POM) with two inserts (with two different edge design) were tested while changing of cutting speed and feed. During measurements cutting forces at 5000 Hz signal reception were tested or the evolution of cutting temperature at different experimental settings was evaluated. The chip characteristics are measured by a high speed camera. The camera is connected with PC for recording and controlling the experimental procedure in real-time. The frequency of High Speed Camera was similar than the frequency of the cutting force measuring system. This similarity is provided with the system set-up synchronization.
Źródło:
Production Engineering Archives; 2017, 16; 37-42
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:
Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multiobjective Performance Investigation of CNT Coated HSS Tool Under the Response Surface Methodology Platform
Autorzy:
Chandru, Manivannan
Selladurai, Velappan
Venkatesh, Chenrayan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
carbon nanotube
RSM
cutting forces
cutting tooltip temperature
tool wear
Opis:
The present research employs the statistical tool of response surface methodology (RSM) to evaluate the machining characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coated high-speed steel (HSS) tools. The methodology used for depositing carbon nanotubes was Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD). Cutting speed, thickness of cut, and feed rate were chosen as machining factors, and cutting forces, cutting tooltip temperature, tool wear, and surface roughness were included as machining responses. Three-level of cutting conditions were followed. The face-centered, Central Composite Design (CCD) was followed to conduct twenty number of experiments. The speed of cutting and rate of feed have been identified as the most influential variables over the responses considered, followed by the thickness of cut. The model reveals the optimized level of cutting parameters to achieve the required objectives. The confirmation experiments were also carried out to validate the acceptable degree of variations between the experimental results and the predicted one.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 2; 627-635
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of distribution of moving heat source during milling of AISIH13 by inverse heat conduction method
Autorzy:
Farahani, Somayeh D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/279414.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
milling
inverse method
moving plane heat source
moving point heat source
cutting temperature
Opis:
This study presents an inverse heat transfer method to estimate the time history of a local heat flow into the work-piece during milling of AISIH13 with considering a 3D thermal model. Temperatures are measured using thermocouples within the work-piece providing input data for the inverse solver. The conjugate gradient method is used as an inverse solver to predict the local time dependent heat flow distribution on the cutting surfaces as well as the temperature distribution in the work-piece. A moving point heat source and a moving plane heat source with different heat source velocity is considered to investigate their influence on the estimated heat flow. Results indicate a good agreement between the experimental and estimated data with an average root mean square error less than 0.2 ◦C. It can be observed that the heat flow distribution is a function of heat source geometry, cutting speed and feed rate, but the temperature distribution is a weak function of geometry of the moving heat source. Changes of temperature with depth are studied. This study suggests that the developed inverse model can be successfully applied for estimating the heat flow and thermal field in the work-piece during milling.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2019, 57, 4; 1081-1093
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temperature Measurement of Modern Cutting Tools During Turning
Autorzy:
Grochalski, Karol
Jabłoński, Piotr
Talar, Rafał
Twardowski, Paweł
Wieczorowski, Michał
Jakubek, Bartosz
Rukat, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
cutting tools
tool wear
cutting temperature
temperature measurement
thermographic techniques
narzędzia tnące
zużycie narzędzi
temperatura cięcia
pomiar temperatury
technika termograficzna
Opis:
The study presents the influence of the anti-wear coatings and the type of material from which the cutting tools are made of on the cutting temperature occurring on the tool. The cutting tools made of boron nitride and tungsten carbide composite were investigated. The methodology of measuring the cutting temperature using the thermoelement and thermovision techniques was presented. The results of the temperature measurements occurring on the cutting tool in the cutting zone were compared. The paper also presents a method of determining the effective emissivity of the tested tools, necessary for the correct temperature measurement using the non-contact method. The obtained data were interpreted and the relationships described, and then the results obtained were discussed.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2020, 14, 4; 37-48
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of tool model on result of finite element simulation of high speed machining
Analiza oddziaływania modelu narzędzia na symulację numeryczną MES procesu skrawania z dużą prędkością (HSM)
Autorzy:
Markopoulos, A. P.
Habrat, W.
Galanis, N. I.
Karkalos, N. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cutting tools modelling
orthogonal cutting
3D simulation
cutting forces
cutting temperature
modelowanie narzędzi skrawających
skrawanie ortogonalne
symulacja 3D
siły skrawania
temperatura skrawania
Opis:
The finite element method has been extensively used for the simulation of manufacturing processes and especially machining. In this paper, finite element models of high speed machining are presented. More specifically, orthogonal and oblique cutting models are presented, where the geometrical and material properties of the cutting tool are investigated. Orthogonal models pertain to the simulation of cutting with three different CBN tool types. Chip formation, cutting forces and temperatures are compared for each model, at the same cutting conditions. Additionally, 3D models are presented, where the back rake angle of the cutting tool is varied. From the results it may be concluded that 3D models provide more realistic results but they are computationally more demanding than 2D models. Finite element modelling of high speed machining can provide data for the process that would be either difficult or in some cases even impossible to obtain through extensive experimental work.
W artykule określono oddziaływanie geometrii narzędzia na wyniki symulacji numerycznej skrawania z dużą prędkością. Przeprowadzono symulację numeryczną dla skrawania ortogonalnego 2D, dla trzech modeli narzędzi z CBN o różnej geometrii. Porównano podział modeli numerycznych narzędzi na elementy skończone oraz przedstawiono analizę procesu kształtowania wióra, wartości składowych siły skrawania, temperaturę w strefie skrawania oraz odkształcenie plastyczne w warstwie wierzchniej dla wybranych ich geometrii. Przeprowadzono również proces symulacji dla modelu skośnego 3D dla różnych wartości kąta pochylenia krawędzi skrawającej. Wyniki symulacji pozwoliły stwierdzić, że zastosowanie modeli 3D lepiej odzwierciedla rzeczywisty proces. Stawia jednak większe wymagania w zakresie obliczeń niż przy użyciu modeli 2D. Symulacja MES obróbki z dużą prędkością pozwoliła uzyskać wyniki, które mogą być trudne lub w niektórych przypadkach niemożliwe do uzyskania w ramach badań eksperymentalnych.
Źródło:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology; 2015, 39, 4; 23-35
0137-4478
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chip Temperature Measurement in the Cutting Area During Rough Milling Magnesium Alloys with a Kordell Geometry End Mill
Autorzy:
Kuczmaszewski, Józef
Zagórski, Ireneusz
Zgórniak, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172352.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
magnesium alloys
milling
temperature in cutting area
chip temperature
infrared camera
Opis:
The paper presents the results of measurements of chip temperature in the cutting zone during milling. The main aim of the research was to record and compare the maximum chip temperature in consecutive frames of thermal images. An additional goal may be the influence of changes in technological parameters on the temperature of the chips in the cutting zone. Two grades of magnesium alloys were used for the tests: AZ31 and AZ91HP. The research used a carbide milling cutter with an additional chip breaker, dedicated to effective roughing of light alloys. These tool geometries can assist in the high-performance machining of magnesium alloys by efficiently splitting the chip and consequently reducing friction in the machining zone. This can reduce the cutting area temperature. The results of the research work were showed as exemplary "time" charts, box-plot charts and a summary table, which additionally included an error analysis of the measurement method. On the basis of the tests and measurements performed, it can be concluded that despite the observed chip fragmentation, the obtained temperatures can be defined as the so-called safe milling areas. During the machining tests, the risk of chip ignition during machining was not observed, also the characteristic melting points, which clearly indicates the safety of the milling process of these alloys. It has been observed that with the increase of vc and fz, there was no increase in the maximum temperature of the chip in the cutting area. This situation only occurs when increasing ap.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2022, 16, 2; 109--119
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of response surface methodology and fuzzy logic based system for determining metal cutting temperature
Autorzy:
Tanikić, D.
Marinković, V.
Manić, M.
Devedžić, G.
Ranđelović, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/199818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
machining
cutting temperature
infrared thermography
response surface methodology
fuzzy logic
obróbka
temperatura cięcia
termografia w podczerwieni
metodologia odpowiedzi powierzchni
logika rozmyta
Opis:
The heat produced in metal cutting process has negative influence on the cutting tool and the machined part in many aspects. This paper deals with measurement of cutting temperature during single-point dry machining of the AISI 4140 steel, using an infrared camera. Various combinations of cutting parameters, i.e. cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut lead to different values of the measured cutting temperature. Analysis of the measured data should explain the trends in temperature changes depending on changes in the cutting regimes. Furthermore, the temperature data is modelled using response surface methodology and fuzzy logic. The models obtained should determine the influence of cutting regimes on cutting temperature. The main objective is the reduction of cutting temperature, i.e. enabling metal cutting process in optimum conditions.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2016, 64, 2; 435-445
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methodological problems of temperature measurement in the cutting area during milling magnesium alloys
Autorzy:
Kuczmaszewski, J.
Zagórski, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
milling
magnesium alloys
aviation elements
machinability
temperature in cutting area
Opis:
This paper presents a literature review on temperature measurement during milling of magnesium alloys as well as other structural materials. Methodology and temperature measurement methods used in own tests are discussed in this paper. Selected test results for each method of temperature measurement in the cutting area are demonstrated.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2013, 4, 3; 26-33
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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