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Wyszukujesz frazę "coal pyrolysis" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
Tytuł:
Struktura produktów pirolizy kwasów huminowych węgla brunatnego i katalityczne właściwości utlenionych karbonizatów
Structure of pyrolysis products from brown coal humic acids and catalytic properties of oxidized carbonizates
Autorzy:
Czechowski, F.
Klimkiewicz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/169815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Poltegor-Instytut Instytut Górnictwa Odkrywkowego
Tematy:
węgiel brunatny
kwasy huminowe
piroliza
struktura
utlenione karbonizaty
aktywność katalityczna
brown coal
humic acids
pyrolysis
structure
oxidized carbonizates
catalytic activity
Opis:
Kwasy huminowe wydzielone z węgla brunatnego z kopalni Konin zostały scharakteryzowane w zakresie analizy technicznej i elementarnej oraz FTIR, 13C NMR jak też termograwimetrycznej i różnicowej analizy termicznej. Zostały one poddane procesowi konwencjonalnej pirolizy. Skład molekularny gazowych oraz lotnych ciekłych produktów pirolizy kwasów huminowych określono odpowiednio przy pomocy GC oraz GC-MS. Uwolnione składniki gazowe są reprezentowane przez ditlenek węgla, tlenek węgla, metan oraz wodór. Lotne produkty ciekłe stanowią mieszaninę struktur polialkilobenzenowych oraz pochodnych fenolu i metoksyfenoli, w tym głównie gwajakolu. Związki łańcuchowe są reprezentowane przez serię homologiczną kwasów tłuszczowych wykazujących dużą przewagę homologów parzystowęglowych w zakresie C22-C32 oraz serię homologiczną węglowodorów alifatycznych w postaci par n-alk-1-enów/n-alkanów w zakresie homologów C8-C36. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na materię roślin naczyniowych wzbogaconych w biopolimer występujący w roślinnych kutykulach jako składnik przyczyniający się do budowy substancji humusowej kwasów huminowych. Ze wzrostem temperatury pirolizy następuje pogłębianie defunkcjonalizacji karbonizatu. Utlenione karbonizaty przez częściowe zgazowanie tlenem powietrza wykazują specyficzną aktywność w kierunku dehydratacji i dehydrogenacji w teście z udziałem alkoholu n-butylowego. Karbonizaty kwasów huminowych są obiecującym materiałem dla otrzymywania katalizatorów do niedestruktywnej transformacji oksygenatów.
Humic acids extracted from Konin brown coal (Midland, Poland) were characterized by proximate and elemental analyses as well as FTIR, 13C NMR and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses. They were subjected to conventional pyrolysis. Molecular composition of gaseous and liquid pyrolysis products released during the process were determined by GC and GC-MS, respectively. Released gaseous products are composed of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen. The liquid volatile products constitute mixture of polyalkyl substituted benzene compounds as well as phenolic and methoxyphenolic mainly of guaiacol type derivatives. Chained compounds are represented by homological series of fatty acids with pronounced prevalence of even carbon numbered representatives in the C22-C32 range and aliphatic hydrocarbons represented by n-alk-1-enes/n-alkanes pairs in the range C8-C36. Obtained results indicate on vascular plant matter enriched in biopolymers encountered in plant cuticles as the constituent contributing to humic substance of humic acids. Pyrolysis leads to gradual defunctionalization of remaining solid carbonizates upon increasing heat treatment. Oxidized humic acids carbonizates with air oxygen revealed specific catalytic dehydration and dehydrogenation activity in n-butyl alcohol test. They are promising materials for obtaining catalysts for nondestructive transformations of oxygenates.
Źródło:
Górnictwo Odkrywkowe; 2018, 59, 1; 27-38
0043-2075
Pojawia się w:
Górnictwo Odkrywkowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of pyrolysis residue from waste materials in black coal flotation
Autorzy:
Fečko, P.
Kašpárkova, A.
Pertile, E.
Kříž, V.
Tora, B.
Jarosiński, A.
Janáková, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
flotacja
węgiel kamienny
piroliza
odpady tworzyw sztucznych
opony i gumy
flotation
black coal
pyrolysis
plastic waste
tyre and rubber
Opis:
The paper deals with the verification of the floatability of pyrolytic oils, which were obtained through the pyrolysis of waste, namely mixed plastics, tyres and waste rubber in combination with black coal from Lazy Mine, and classical collector Montanol 551 in black coal flotation. Black coal from ČSA OKD, a.s. coal preparation plant was used for flotation tests. The results imply that it is possible to produce collectors from waste materials which may be applied in the flotation of black coal. Next, the paper focused on the identification of a suitable combination of pyrolytic oils and Montanol 551 in order to reach ash content in the concentrate below 10%.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2010, 12, 2; 62-66
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of brown coal pyrolytic oils in black coal slurry flotation
Zastosowanie olejów z pirolizy węgla brunatnego do floatacji szlamów węgla kamiennego
Autorzy:
Guziurek, M.
Zechner, V.
Fecko, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/215770.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
węgiel brunatny
piroliza
odsiarczanie bakteryjne
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans
brown coal
pyrolysis
bacterial desulphurization
Opis:
Praca dotyczy możliwości wykorzystania olejów z pirolizy węgla brunatnego i zastosowania ich w sposób opisany poniżej. Po pierwsze, próbki węgla brunatnego zostały pobrane z największego Regionu (Československá Armada Mine) i Regionu Sokolov (Mine Jiří) i odpowiednio przygotowane w celu uzyskania wymaganej wielkości ziarna. Próbki węgla były poddane pirolizie w zamkniętym reaktorze rurowym w temperaturze 900oC (5oC/min, przez okres 30 minut), a uzyskanym produktem była ciecz. Skład tych olejów pirolitycznych (alifatyczne i aromatyczne węglowodory, alkohole i grupy funkcyjne) jest analogiczny jak w przypadku odczynników konwencjonalnych do flotacji węgla (w tym przypadku Montanol 800). Oleje użyto w procesie flotacji szlamów węgla kamiennego z Regionu Karwiny (z kopalni Lazy i osadnika z kopalni Darkov). Oleje pirolityczne stosowano w mieszaninie z Montanolem 800 w dawce 500 g/Mg i proporcje poszczególnych odczynników różniły się od 1:4 do 5:0 (pirolityczny olej: Montanol 800). Ostateczne wartości, czyli uzysk koncentratu i zawartość popiołu, zostały porównane z wartościami uzyskanymi przy zastosowaniu czystego Montanolu 800. Zawartość popiołu w koncentracie flotacyjnym została ustalona na poziomie 10%.Węgiel zawiera siarkę, której związki są przeniesione do płynnych produktów podczas pirolizy. Niektóre próbki węgla brunatnego poddano bakteryjnemu odsiarczaniu węgla stosując czyste kultury bakterii Ferrooxidans Acidithiobacillus w celu ustalenia, czy zawartość siarki ma wpływ na wyniki flotacji. Wyniki potwierdziły, że oleje pirolityczne mogą być stosowane do flotacji szlamów węgla, a otrzymane koncentraty będą zawierać poniżej 10% popiołu. Jednak może to być osiągnięte jedynie poprzez zmieszanie olejów z Montanolem 800; stosowanie samego oleju pirolitycznego nie dało zadowalających wyników. Pośrednim wynikiem eksperymentu było określenie ciepła spalania i wartości gazu pirolitycznego. Wyniki sugerują, że może on być stosowany jako paliwo alternatywne.
This paper deals with the possible use of brown coal pyrolytic oils prepared and applied as described below. First, brown coal samples were drawn from the Most Region (Československá armáda Mine) and Sokolov Region(Jiří Mine) and processed to obtain a required grain size. The samples were pyrolyzed in a closed tube reactor at 900oC (5oC/min, holding time of 30minutes), and the resulting liquid product was collected. As the composition of the pyrolytic oils (content of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohol, and functional groups) is analogous to that of a conventional flotation agent (in this case Montanol 800), the oils were used in a flotation process to float black coal slurry from the Karviná Region (from Lazy Mine and a settler of DarkovMine). The pyrolytic oils were applied in a mix with Montanol 800 in a dose of 500 g/t, and the individual proportions of the agents differed from 1:4 to 5:0 (pyrolytic oil:Montanol 800). The final values, i.e. concentrate yields and ash contents, were compared with the reference values obtained when applying pure Montanol 800. The limit of ash content in the flotation concentrate was set at 10%. As coal contains sulphur, the compounds of which transfer into the liquid products during pyrolysis, some brown coal samples underwent bacterial desulphurization using a pure bacterial culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, in order to find out whether sulphur content influences the flotation results in any way. The results confirmed that pyrolytic oils may be applied in the black coal slurry flotation process, and concentrates with ash content below 10%may be obtained. However, this can only be achieved through mixing the oils with Montanol 800 as the application of the pyrolytic oil alone did not provide satisfactory results. An indirect output of the experiment was the determination of the net and gross heat of combustion for the pyrolytic gas. The results imply that it may be used as an alternative fuel.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi; 2013, 29, 2; 51-67
0860-0953
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of an acetonized pyrolysis oil recycled from spent-car tires on coal flotation performance
Autorzy:
Hasanizadeh, Iman
Khoshdast, Hamid
Rahmanian, Ahmad
Asgari, Kaveh
Hassanzadeh, Ahmad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24085875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
coal flotation
acetonized pyrolysis oil
ash rejection
experimental design
interaction effect
Opis:
In this paper, an extended Historical Data (HD) design was applied for evaluating the effect of an acetonized pyrolysis oil (PO) produced by pyrolysis of spent-car tires in coal. Experimental and statistical analyses were applied for examining the influence of some operating variables such as concentration of diesel oil (0, 10, and 20 L/t), pine oil (0.55, 0.1, and 1 L/t), and the pyrolysis oil (0, 10, and 20 L/t) as well as solid content of pulp (5, 10, and 15% (w/w)) on the yield and ash content of final concentrate. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements showed that PO contained hydroxyl, aldehyde, aliphatic, and aromatic compounds. Based on the results of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), the main effect of all variables, except concentration of pine oil, on the flotation responses were found significant. Batch flotation experimental results indicated that using pyrolysis oil resulted in a 2% increase in ash content and a 35% decrease of the yield, through a nonlinear trend. The curved behavior of flotation measures was due to the possible competitive adsorption between PO and diesel oil and nonselective interaction between pyrolysis oil and other reagents. The negative effect of PO on coal flotation efficiency was also ascribed to the interaction between hydrophilic groups in PO structure and the oxide nature of non-combustible materials of coal particles.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2023, 59, 2; art. no. 163109
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temperature induced development of porous structure of bituminous coal chars at high pressure
Autorzy:
Howaniec, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
coal
char
pyrolysis
temperature
pressure
porous structure
węgiel
karbonizat
pyroliza
temperatura
ciśnienie
struktura porowata
Opis:
The porous structure of chars affects their reactivity in gasification, having an impact on the course and product distribution of the process. The shape, size and connections between pores determine the mechanical properties of chars, as well as heat and mass transport in thermochemical processing. In the study the combined effects of temperature in the range of 973e1273 _K and elevated pressure of 3 MPa on the development of porous structure of bituminous coal chars were investigated. Relatively low heating rate and long residence time characteristic for the in-situ coal conversion were applied. The increase in the temperature to 1173 _K under pressurized conditions resulted in the enhancement of porous structure development reflected in the values of the specific surface area, total pore volume, micropore area and volume, as well as ratio of the micropore volume to the total pore volume. These effects were attributed to the enhanced vaporization and devolatilization, as well as swelling behavior along the increase of temperature and under high pressure, followed by a collapse of pores over certain temperature value. This proves the strong dependence of the porous structure of chars not only on the pyrolysis process conditions but also on the physical and chemical properties of the parent fuel.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Mining; 2016, 15, 3; 120-124
2300-1364
2300-3960
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Mining
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porównanie emisji CO2 związanej z wytwarzaniem wodoru na drodze zgazowania i pirolizy węgla
Comparison of CO2 emission from hydrogen production by coal gasification and coal pyrolysis
Autorzy:
Karcz, A.
Chmielniak, T.
Ściążko, M.
Strugała, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
węgiel kamienny
węgiel brunatny
zgazowanie
piroliza
wodór
emisja CO2
hard coal
brown coal
coal gasification
coal pyrolysis
hydrogen
CO2 emission
Opis:
Wytwarzanie wodoru na drodze zgazowania węgla, jak również jego pozyskiwanie z gazu koksowniczego i smoły, posiada w warunkach polskich potencjalnie duże znaczenie. Jednakże w aspekcie naszych zobowiązań w zakresie działań, zmierzających do ograniczenia niepożądanych skutków zmian klimatycznych, istotnym jest oszacowanie wpływu wspomnianych procesów, jak też rodzaju surowca węglowego na wielkość wytworzonego i wyemitowanego CO2 do atmosfery w całym cyklu jego wytwarzania, obejmującym wydobycie węgla, jego przeróbkę mechaniczną, transport do zakładu zgazowania lub koksowni, technologię zgazowania/odgazowania węgla oraz oczyszczanie i konwersję surowego gazu. Obiektem prezentowanych w artykule analiz są trzy wybrane procesy wytwarzania wodoru z węgla, tj.: zgazowanie węgla brunatnego w oparciu o sprawdzoną w skali przemysłowej technologię firmy Shell, zgazowanie węgla kamiennego w oparciu o tę samą technologię oraz pozyskiwanie wodoru z oczyszczonego gazu koksowniczego i smoły. Dla tych trzech procesów wyznaczono wskaźniki uzysku wodoru, całkowitą ilość wytworzonego i ewentualnie wyemitowanego CO2 do atmosfery oraz ilości CO2 wymagające sekwestracji. Z uwagi na uzysk wodoru najkorzystniejszym okazał się proces zgazowania węgla kamiennego (95,9 kg H2 z 1 Mg węgla w stanie roboczym). Natomiast proces pozyskania wodoru z gazu koksowniczego jest zdecydowanie najkorzystniejszy (14,8 kg/kg H2) biorąc pod uwagę podstawowy wskaźnik, charakteryzujący proces pod względem całkowitej intensywności wytwarzania CO2. Z punktu widzenia emisji ditlenku węgla po zastosowaniu sekwestracji najkorzystniejsze okazało się zgazowanie węgla brunatnego, przy czym wielkości emisji uzyskane dla obu węgli są na podobnym poziomie (ok. 3,58 i 3,44 kg CO2 na 1 kg wyprodukowanego wodoru odpowiednio dla węgla kamiennego i brunatnego).
Either production of hydrogen by coal gasification or from coke oven gas and coal tar is, potentially, very important in Polish conditions. However, in respect of our commitment to reduce the undesired effects of climate changes, it is important to establish the impact of the above-mentioned processes as well as coal quality on the amount of CO2 produced and emitted to the atmosphere in the entire hydrogen production cycle involving coal mining, mechanical processing, transport to gasification plant or coke plant, coal gasification/pyrolysis technology, as well as raw gas cleaning and conversion. Three selected processes of hydrogen production from coal were analyzed, i.e. brown coal gasification by means of the industrially tested technology of Shell, hard coal gasification by means of the same technology as well as hydrogen obtained from coke oven gas and coal tar. For these three processes, hydrogen yield, accompanied CO2 intensity rate and potential emission to the atmosphere and the amount of CO2 requiring sequestration were determined. On account of the hydrogen yield, hard coal gasification proved to be most beneficial (84,6 kg of H2 from 1 Mg of raw coal). However hydrogen production from coke oven gas proved to be most beneficial in terms of total CO2 intensity amounting to 14,8 kg/kg H2. Brown and hard coal gasification were found to be advantageous from the point of potential CO2 emission (respectively 3,58 and 3,44 kg of CO2 per 1 kg of hydrogen produced) upon application of sequestration.
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2009, T. 12, z. 2/2; 243-261
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermogenic gases generated from coals and shales of the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins : hydrous pyrolysis approach
Autorzy:
Kotarba, Maciej J.
Bilkiewicz, Elżbieta
Jurek, Krzysztof
Waliczek, Marta
Więcław, Dariusz
Zych, Hieronim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059608.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
hydrous pyrolysis gas
gaseous hydrocarbon
carbon dioxide
molecular nitrogen
stable C, H, N isotopes
Upper Silesian
Lublin Coal basins
Opis:
In order to provide a better characterization of the origin and volume of thermogenic gas generation hydrous pyrolysis (HP) experiments were performed on coals and shales at 330 and 360oC for 72 hours. The maturity range of coals and shales used for HP varies from 0.57 to 0.92% Ro. The maturity increase caused by HP at 330 and 360oC ranges from 1.32 to 1.39% and from 1.71 to 1.83%, respectively. δ13C of CH4, 2H6, C3H6 and n-C4H10 in HP gases versus their reciprocal C-number have a concave relationship, and therefore do not follow a linear trend. δ2H of CH4, 2H6 and C3H6 in HP gases versus their reciprocal H-number show both linear and convex-concave relationships. The growth of CO2 yields during HP was higher for shales than for coals. H2S yields from shales are higher than from coals, which can be connected with catalytic and adsorbed influence of shale matrix. H2 was also generated in notable quantities from water and organic matter of coals and bigger amounts from shales. N2 yields grow with the increase of Ro after 3oC HP and it is more enriched in 15N isotope than after 330C.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2021, 65, 2; 65: 26
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal alterations of organic matter in coal wastes from Upper Silesia, Poland
Autorzy:
Misz-Kennan, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mineralogiczne
Tematy:
coal wastes
dumps
macerals
bitumens
biomarkers
self-heating
pyrolysis
Opis:
Self-heating and self-combustion are currently taking place in some coal waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, e.g. the dumps at Rymer Cones, Starzykowiec, and the Marcel Coal Mine, all in the Rybnik area. These dumps are of similar age and self-heating and combustion have been occurring in all three for many years. The tools of organic petrography (maceral composition, rank, etc.), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and proximate and ultimate analysis are used to investigate the wastes. Organic matter occurs in quantities up to 85 vol.%, typically a few to several vol.%, in the wastes. All three maceral groups (vitrinite, liptinite, and inertinite) are present as unaltered and variously-altered constituents associated with newly-formed petrographic components (bitumen expulsions, pyrolytic carbon). The predominant maceral group is vitrinite with alterations reflected in the presence of irregular cracks, oxidation rims and, rarely, devolatilisation pores. In altered wastes, paler grey-vitrinite and/or coke dominates. The lack of plasticity, the presence of paler-coloured particles, isotropic massive coke, dispersed coked organic matter, and expulsions of bitumens all indicate that heating was slow and extended over a long time. Macerals belonging to other groups are present in unaltered form or with colours paler than the colours of the parent macerals. Based on the relative contents of organic compounds, the most important groups of these identified in the wastes are n-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, hopanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, phenol and its derivatives. These compounds occur in all wastes except those most highly altered where they were probably destroyed by high temperatures. These compounds were generated mainly from liptinite-group macerals. Driven by evaporation and leaching, they migrated within and out of the dump. Their presence in some wastes in which microscopically visible organic matter is lacking suggests that they originated elsewhere and subsequently migrated through the dump piles. During their migration, the compounds fractionated, were adsorbed on minerals and/or interacted. The absence of alkenes, and of other unsaturated organic compounds, may reflect primary diagenetic processes that occurred in coals and coal shales during burial and/or organic matter type. Their absence may also be a consequence of heating that lasted many years, hydropyrolysis, and/or the participation of minerals in the reactions occurring within the dumps. The wastes contain compounds typical of organic matter of unaltered kerogen III type and the products of pyrolytic processes, and mixtures of both. In some wastes, organic compounds are completely absent having been destroyed by severe heating. The distributions of n-alkanes in many samples are typical of pyrolysates. In some wastes, narrow n-alkane distributions reflect their generation over small temperature ranges. In others, wider distributions point to greater temperature ranges. Other wastes contain n-alkane distributions typical of unaltered coal and high pristane content or mixtures of pyrolysates and unaltered waste material. The wastes also contain significant amounts of final α Β hopanes. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are represented only by two- to five-ring compounds as is typical of the thermal alteration of hard coal. Correlations between the degree of organic matter alteration and the relative contents of individual PAHs and hopanes and geochemical indicators of thermal alteration are generally poor. The properties of the organic matter (its composition and rank), temperature fluctuations within the dumps, migration of organic compounds and mineral involvement are probably responsible for this. The processes taking place in coal waste dumps undergoing self-heating and self-combustion are complicated; they are very difficult to estimate and define. The methods of organic petrology and geochemistry give complementary data allowing the processes to be described. However, each of the dumps investigated represents a separate challenge to be surmounted in any regional attempt to delineate the regional environmental impact of these waste dumps.
Źródło:
Mineralogia; 2010, 41, 3/4; 105--237
1899-8291
1899-8526
Pojawia się w:
Mineralogia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal alterations of organic matter in coal wastes from Upper Silesia, Poland
Autorzy:
Misz-Kennan, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086517.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mineralogiczne
Tematy:
coal wastes
dumps
macerals
bitumens
biomarkers
self-heating
pyrolysis
Opis:
Self-heating and self-combustion are currently taking place in some coal waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, e.g. the dumps at Rymer Cones, Starzykowiec, and the Marcel Coal Mine, all in the Rybnik area. These dumps are of similar age and self-heating and combustion have been occurring in all three for many years. The tools of organic petrography (maceral composition, rank, etc.), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and proximate and ultimate analysis are used to investigate the wastes. Organic matter occurs in quantities up to 85 vol.%, typically a few to several vol.%, in the wastes. All three maceral groups (vitrinite, liptinite, and inertinite) are present as unaltered and variously-altered constituents associated with newly-formed petrographic components (bitumen expulsions, pyrolytic carbon). The predominant maceral group is vitrinite with alterations reflected in the presence of irregular cracks, oxidation rims and, rarely, devolatilisation pores. In altered wastes, paler grey-vitrinite and/or coke dominates. The lack of plasticity, the presence of paler-coloured particles, isotropic massive coke, dispersed coked organic matter, and expulsions of bitumens all indicate that heating was slow and extended over a long time. Macerals belonging to other groups are present in unaltered form or with colours paler than the colours of the parent macerals. Based on the relative contents of organic compounds, the most important groups of these identified in the wastes are n-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, hopanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, phenol and its derivatives. These compounds occur in all wastes except those most highly altered where they were probably destroyed by high temperatures. These compounds were generated mainly from liptinite-group macerals. Driven by evaporation and leaching, they migrated within and out of the dump. Their presence in some wastes in which microscopically visible organic matter is lacking suggests that they originated elsewhere and subsequently migrated through the dump piles. During their migration, the compounds fractionated, were adsorbed on minerals and/or interacted. The absence of alkenes, and of other unsaturated organic compounds, may reflect primary diagenetic processes that occurred in coals and coal shales during burial and/or organic matter type. Their absence may also be a consequence of heating that lasted many years, hydropyrolysis, and/or the participation of minerals in the reactions occurring within the dumps. The wastes contain compounds typical of organic matter of unaltered kerogen III type and the products of pyrolytic processes, and mixtures of both. In some wastes, organic compounds are completely absent having been destroyed by severe heating. The distributions of n-alkanes in many samples are typical of pyrolysates. In some wastes, narrow n-alkane distributions reflect their generation over small temperature ranges. In others, wider distributions point to greater temperature ranges. Other wastes contain n-alkane distributions typical of unaltered coal and high pristane content or mixtures of pyrolysates and unaltered waste material. The wastes also contain significant amounts of final α Β hopanes. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are represented only by two- to five-ring compounds as is typical of the thermal alteration of hard coal. Correlations between the degree of organic matter alteration and the relative contents of individual PAHs and hopanes and geochemical indicators of thermal alteration are generally poor. The properties of the organic matter (its composition and rank), temperature fluctuations within the dumps, migration of organic compounds and mineral involvement are probably responsible for this. The processes taking place in coal waste dumps undergoing self-heating and self-combustion are complicated; they are very difficult to estimate and define. The methods of organic petrology and geochemistry give complementary data allowing the processes to be described. However, each of the dumps investigated represents a separate challenge to be surmounted in any regional attempt to delineate the regional environmental impact of these waste dumps.
Źródło:
Mineralogia; 2010, 41, 3/4; 105--237
1899-8291
1899-8526
Pojawia się w:
Mineralogia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Higher order approximations to coal pyrolysis distribution
Autorzy:
Paea, S.
McGuinness, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
piroliza węgla
prosty model reakcji pierwszego rzędu
model z rozkładem energii aktywacji
odgazowanie
modelowanie
zadanie odwrotne
coal pyrolysis
single first order reaction model
distributed activation energy model
devolatilization
modelling
Gaussian
wide distribution case
inverse problem
Opis:
Coal pyrolysis is a complex process involving a large number of chemical reactions. Pyrolysis is a key step in all coal conversion processes. The Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM) is a state-of-the art approach to the problem of predicting the amount of volatile released versus activation energy or time. The distribution of mass released is usually assumed to be Gaussian. We present an inverse iterative approach together with a smoothing function to estimate the underlying distribution directly from volatilisation data.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Mining; 2018, 17, 2; 76-86
2300-1364
2300-3960
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Mining
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przemysłowe testy kopirolizy stałych paliw wtórnych (SRF) z węglem kamiennym
Industrial tests of co-pyrolysis solid recovered fuel (SRF) and hard coal
Autorzy:
Rejdak, M.
Wasielewski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
kopiroliza
SRF
węgiel kamienny
co-pyrolysis
hard coal
Opis:
Przedstawiono wyniki przemysłowych testów kopirolizy stałych paliw wtórnych (SRF) z węglem kamiennym. Badania przeprowadzono w skali skrzynkowej w baterii koksowniczej stosującej system wsadu ubijanego. Koksowano 3 wsady koksownicze: bez dodatku SRF oraz z 2 i 4% udziałem SRF we wsadzie. Wyniki badań wykazały, że dodatek SRF do wsadu koksowniczego powoduje istotne pogorszenie parametrów jakościowych koksu w tym szczególnie jego wyt rzymałości mechanicznej określanej wg metody Micum
The results of industrial tests of co-pyrolysis solid recovered fuels and hard coal have been presented. Investigation was carried out in stamp charged coke oven battery in box scale. Three coking blends were coking: coking blend without SRF additive, coking blend with 2% of SRF and coking blend with 4% of SRF. The investigation shows that SRF additives causes deterioration of coke quality parameters, particularly the mechanical strength based on Micum method.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2013, 15, 1; 29-36
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation on co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge with coal
Autorzy:
Tan, Z.-X.
Ai, P.
Li, Y.-M.
Ji, X.-Y.
Feng, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207582.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
coal
carbon dioxide
sewage sludge
co-pyrolysis
FTIR analysis
coal sludge
thermal reactions
węgiel
dwutlenek węgla
osady ściekowe
FTIR
szlam węglowy
reakcje termiczne
kopiroliza
piroliza osadów ściekowych
Opis:
Co-pyrolysis characteristics of sludge with coal and sludge briquetted with coal were studied by the TG-FTIR method. From TG data, weight loss of sludge briquetted was higher than that of sludge and sludge and coal which means that thermal reaction effect of sludge briquetted is better than those of other two materials. Gas products of pyrolysis were CO, CO2, H2O, alcohol, ketone, acid, hydrocarbon, amine and azine from the FTIR analysis. At last, evolving patterns of the pyrolyses and the yields of their gas products have been recorded, providing extremely important data on the mechanism of the process.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2014, 40, 1; 117-126
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of kinetic parameters of coal pyrolysis to simulate the process of underground coal gasification (UCG)
Autorzy:
Urych, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
underground coal gasification
pyrolysis
thermogravimetric analysis
kinetic parameters
podziemne zgazowanie węgla
piroliza
analiza termograwimetryczna
parametry kinetyczne
Opis:
Purpose The aim of the research presented in this paper was to determine the values of the kinetic parameters of coal pyrolysis from two areas of the planned experiment, UCG, i.e. the Barbara Experimental Mine of the Central Mining Institute and the Wieczorek Mine. Methods The thermal decomposition of coal analysis used the thermogravimetric technique. The test was carried out in a temperature range of 298-1173 K in a nitrogen atmosphere for three fixed heating rates, β – 5, 10, and 15 K/min. A selection of sample heating rates of coal and reaction environments were designed to reflect the conditions seen during the process of underground coal gasification. The kinetic parameters were determined by using modified Coats-Redfern, Kissinger and Mianowski-Radko methods. Results The values of the activation energy, E, and the pre-exponential factor, A, were determined for a given model of the first order decomposition reaction of coal. The study successfully compared kinetic parameters of the tested coals. Practical implications Designated kinetic parameters may be used to model the process of pyrolysis and – as preliminary data – for installation design of pilot underground coal gasification. Originality/ value The devolatilization of a homogenous lump of coal is a complex issue. Currently, the CFD technique (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is commonly used for the multi-dimensional and multiphase phenomena modelling. The mathematical models, describing the kinetics of the decomposition of coal, proposed in the article can, therefore, be an integral part of models based on numerical fluid mechanics.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Mining; 2014, 13, 1; 3-9
2300-1364
2300-3960
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Mining
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on emulsified tyre pyrolysis oil as a coal flotation collector
Autorzy:
Yang, R.
Shen, L.
Wang, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109341.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
pyrolysis oil
coal flotation
contact angle
interaction heat
adsorption
Opis:
In this paper the possibility of using the pyrolysis oil derived from waste tyres as a collector in flotation of coal was evaluated. The pyrolysis oil was obtained at the initial and final pyrolysis temperatures of 400 and 700 oC, respectively, and the heat holding time of 30 min. Flotation results indicated that the pyrolysis oil emulsion showed stronger collecting ability than diesel and the concentrate ash content just slightly increased in comparison to flotation in the presence of diesel. The contact angle measurement and immersion microcalorimetry test correlated well with the flotation data. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results demonstrated that diesel and pyrolysis oil emulsion is physically adsorbed on the coal surface.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 1; 279-287
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Technology for Efficient and Environment Friendly Treatment of Various Secondary Energy Resources
Nowa technologia efektywnego i przyjaznego dla środowiska przetwarzania różnych wtórnych zasobów energetycznych
Autorzy:
Yegurnov, O.
Boruk, S.
Winkler, I.
Stromenko, A.
Troyanovska, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/318221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
Tematy:
szlamy olejowe
odpady zawierające węgiel
ciekłe produkty pirolizy polimerów
stabilność sedymentacji
oil slurry
coal concentration wastes
liquid polymer pyrolysis products
sedimentation stability
viscosity
Opis:
It is shown that liquefaction of the oil slurry by liquid polymer pyrolysis products ensures its utilization as secondary fuel. Low-caloric solid energy carriers can be used for additional stabilization of this fuel. This solution facilitates gradual substitution of some expensive and insufficiently available in Ukraine traditional energy carriers such as black oil, diesel fuel and others.
W artykule zaprezentowano technologię upłynniania szlamów olejowych przy wykorzystaniu ciekłych produktów pirolizy polimerów, zapewniając ich wykorzystanie jako wtórnego paliwa. Zaprezentowana technologia umożliwia również zastosowanie niskokalorycznych stałych nośników energii do dodatkowej stabilizacji tego paliwa. Zastosowanie opracowanej technologii umożliwi stopniowe zastąpienie niektórych drogich i niewystarczająco dostępnych na Ukrainie tradycyjnych nośników energii, takich jak: mazut, olej napędowy i innych.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Mineralna; 2016, R. 17, nr 1, 1; 69-74
1640-4920
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Mineralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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