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Tytuł:
Szpitalnictwo cywilne w województwie białostockim w II Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Grassmann, Magdalena
Zemke-Górecka, Agnieszka
Kędra, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621240.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
hospitals, Bialystok Voievodship, Second Republic
Opis:
After Poland regained its independence in 1918, Polish people started rebuilding civil hospital network. Bad health conditions of the society and spreading epidemics forced people to undertake the immediate actions. In Bialystok province in the twenties of the twentieth century there were 47 hospitals and among them 18 were epidemic. In following years there appeared the tendency of reducing the amount of hospital institutions. This situation was influenced by the Great Depression in the thirties of the twentieth century. Very often smaller hospitals were merged into one large institution which had several departments with specialized medical staff. The causes of such actions were medical reasons. In the interwar years, in the area of Bialystok province there were also two specialized institutions established. They used innovative ways of treating. It was the Hospital for Mentally and Nervously Ill in Choroszcz and the Public Institute for Nervously Exhausted in Świack.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2009, 8; 127-142
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Oil Industry in the Second Republic : Light and Shadow
Autorzy:
Ostasz, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342794.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza
Tematy:
Second Republic
oil industry
refineries
automobiles
Opis:
This text is an attempt to outline the main challenges facing the Polish oil industry in the interwar period. It discusses the achievements of the second half of the 19th century and the first decades of the following century. It discusses the process of reconstruction and development of the oil industry, primarily in the field of mining and processing of extracted raw material. It reveals the most important issues, related to the domestic situation, foreign markets, the economic crisis, and capital challenges. The article also signals attempts to improve and develop the oil industry, including those based on exploration of new fields and cooperation with the automotive industry.
Źródło:
Energy Policy Studies; 2022, 1 (9); 37-46
2545-0859
Pojawia się w:
Energy Policy Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wychowanie w rodzinie chłopskiej w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Upbringing in the peasant family o f the Second Republic
Autorzy:
SAMSEL, AGATA
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Pedagogiki. Zakład Historii Edukacji
Tematy:
family
upbringing
peasants
value
culture
Second Republic
Opis:
In 1918-1939 bringing up children in peasant families was severe and based on a system of punishments, usually corporal. It was a conseąuence of a common belief that only a hardened, tough and hardworking man is able to face hard peasant reality which was leaving little place for weakness and fondness. Contrary to all appearances, such upbringing was to impose a system of values which placed the land, work, community and religion at the very top. Since the very young age the children used to be taught the value of land, the sense of responsibility and the awareness of being co-responsible for the family farm. It was implied that the public interest is superior to the individuals interest and the value of a person is estimated from the perspective of his/her work.
Źródło:
Wychowanie w Rodzinie; 2011, I, (1/2011)
2082-9019
Pojawia się w:
Wychowanie w Rodzinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Blaski i cienie życia w internatach szkół jezuickich w II Rzeczypospolitej
Positive and Negative Aspects of Life in Jesuit Boarding Schools in the Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Puchowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955141.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
boarding schools, jesuit schools, Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
Jesuit boarding schools did not fulfil only social roles. They were educational institutions shaping discipline, morality and religiousness of their pupils. The monks organized various activities for their students which were conducive for acquiring and consolidating knowledge. Students’ time was filled with the review of school material, literary exercises, debates or production of theatre performances. The offer depended on the degree of exclusivity of a given establishment. In the Second Republic of Poland, there functioned three Jesuit schools for laymen: in Khyriv (Pol. Chyrów), Vilnius and Gdynia. Only the first two ran boarding schools. Both boarding schools offered very good living conditions, and the life of the alumni passed according to a similar, clearly defined day rhythm. The institutions in busy urban Vilnius and peripheral Khyriv were very much different. The educational process used for the boarding students from Vilnius lacked special rigours, which was different from the methods generally accepted at that time. The behaviours of boarding students from Khyriv, in turn, were regulated in the minutest detail by Statutes and regulations and the system of punishments was very elaborate. The schools tried to restore order by the method of overcoming the resistance of the more independently feeling and thinking pupils.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2012, 28; 53-64
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spółdzielnia zdrowia jako koncepcja rozwoju opieki zdrowotnej na wsi w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Prętki, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621526.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
The health cooperative society, Poland’s Second Republic
Opis:
The paper characterizes and analyzes the health cooperative society as a concept to develop medical care in the rural areas of the Second Republic of Poland. There were two models of medical care in the rural areas at that time: the health cooperative societies and the health centers. The health centers were supported by the state, contrary to the health cooperative societies. These cooperative societies were an interesting attempt to improve medical care in the country. They were established by the citizens on their own initiative.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2011, 10; 173-181
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Czwarta droga”. Radykalizm chrześcijański w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Tomasiewicz, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647830.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Second Republic, social Catholicism
Druga Rzeczpospolita, katolicyzm społeczny
Opis:
The subject of this article is the ideology of Christian radicalism in interwar Poland. The method applied is text analysis in the sociopolitical context. The essence of the Christian radicalism was the synthesis of social reforms program and defense of democracy on the basis of Catholicism. The author aims to answer the question: What was the reason for the weakening of this tendency. The main cause was the elite character of the Christian-radical movement embodied by some academic associations (e.g. “Odrodzenie”) and intellectual magazines (e.g. “Verbum”).
Artykuł omawia ideologię chrześcijańskiego radykalizmu egzystującego w okresie międzywojennym w Polsce. Do jej zbadania wykorzystano analizę tekstów programowych i publicystycznych tego nurtu w ich kontekście społeczno-politycznym. Cechą charakterystyczną polskiego chrześcijańskiego radykalizmu było połączenie obrony ustroju demokratycznego i postulatu reform społecznych na fundamencie katolicyzmu. Autor stara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie o przyczyny słabości chrześcijańskiego radykalizmu w Polsce. Jak się wydaje, wynikała ona z elitarnego charakteru tego nurtu, który był reprezentowany przede wszystkim przez organizacje akademickie i intelektualne periodyki.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2020, 27, 1
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Support or Hindrance to Action? Spirit Fuel Blends in the Polish Oil Industry in the Interwar Period
Autorzy:
Grata, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza
Tematy:
Second Republic
petroleum industry
spirit propellants
distillery industry
Opis:
The situation of the Polish oil industry after independence was difficult. Cut off from pre-war markets, the weakness of the internal market and increasing competition in external markets resulted in low profitability and a successive decline in production volumes. Competition also became a new threat from the state-backed distillery industry, which was pushing the concept of marketing fuel blends containing spirits. Their entry into the market, despite the objections of oil companies, meant that some gasoline had to be replaced with spirits and their ability to sell on the domestic market was limited. The negative effects of this were consistently raised by oil industry representatives. It wasn't until an improvement in the economy in the second half of the 1930s that a gradual change in the perception of spirit propelled blends appeared. Under conditions of growing domestic demand with relatively constant production volumes, a significant reduction in fuel exports became possible, and spirits were able to become a desirable additive to diesel blends, as evidenced by the increase in their purchases by oil companies.
Źródło:
Energy Policy Studies; 2022, 1 (9); 47-54
2545-0859
Pojawia się w:
Energy Policy Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Society of the Second Republic of Poland Revisited: The Nationality Issues
Autorzy:
Mędrzecki, Włodzimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601741.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Second Republic (of Poland)
ethnic relations
national identity
localness
Opis:
This article presents the main goals and the programme of ‘The Society of the Second Republic of Poland: An attempt at a new synthetic approach’, a research project pursued in the Institute of History, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw. A conference discussing the ways in which national and ethnic factors informed the interwar Polish society, held most recently (in 2012) as part of the project, is discussed in some detail. The article introduces the papers first delivered at the conference and now published in the present issue of Acta Poloniae Historica.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2014, 109
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wieś poleska doby przemian lat trzydziestych XX wieku w ujęciu Józefa Obrębskiego
Autorzy:
Cichoracki, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678166.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Polesie
Second Republic of Poland
great depression
political radicalism
Opis:
The village in Polesie: Transformations of the 1930s in the view of Józef ObrębskiThe article deals with political and social themes of Józef Obrębski's texts, which were written in the second half of the 1930s and were devoted to Polesie. Obrębski made his ethnosociological research in 1934-1937. It was the last phase of the great depression. Obrębski noted changes in political consciousness of inhabitants of the Polesie village. He described the consequences of the implementation of Polish-language education. He perceived the role and nature of communist influence. He wrote very critically about the attitude and role of local administration representatives. He did not limit himself to listing these problems. Instead, he tried to formulate proposals for activities that would have changed the attitude of inhabitants of Polesie voievodship towards the Polish State. Wieś poleska doby przemian lat trzydziestych XX wieku w ujęciu Józefa ObrębskiegoArtykuł jest poświęcony polityczno-społecznym wątkom tekstów Józefa Obrębskiego, które powstały w drugiej połowie lat trzydziestych i odnoszą się do Polesia. Obrębski prowadził swoje badania etnosocjologiczne w latach 1934-1937. Była to ostatnia faza wielkiego kryzysu. Odnotował przemiany świadomości politycznej mieszkańców poleskiej wsi. Opisywał konsekwencje implementacji polskojęzycznej oświaty. Dostrzegał rolę i charakter wpływów komunistycznych. Bardzo krytycznie wypowiadał się o postawie i roli przedstawicieli lokalnej administracji. Nie ograniczał się do rejestracji tych zjawisk. Próbował formułować propozycje działań, które zmieniłyby stosunek ludności Polesia do państwa polskiego.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2019, 51
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The scope of responsibility of employers towards workers’ families in the Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Grata, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652668.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
labour market
the Second Republic of Poland
social security
Opis:
The aim of this article is the presentation of the scope of responsibility of employers towards workers’ families in Poland in the interwar period. The article also shows how those duties were fulfilled. This issue appeared in Europe with the development of social insurance programmes and labour laws. The Second Republic of Poland built its own legal system for employees’ families. It included health insurance and benefits, families’ pensions and funeral allowances. Certain obligations were also imposed on employers in the context of labour law. The most important was the obligation to open nursery schools for the children of women who worked in factories.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 7; 149-159
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Educational Practice and Thought of the Second Polish Republic on the 90th Anniversary of Regaining Independence
Autorzy:
Jamrożek, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
educational system in Poland
Second Republic of Poland
history
Opis:
The situation of the Republic of Poland, which was revived in 1918, in the educational field was dramatically difficult. As a consequence of partitions, the Second Republic of Poland inherited a relatively high rate of analphabetism (over 6.5 million analphabets, which constituted approximately 33% of the entire population of the country older than 10 years). As a result of individual differences in the economic, political, social and legals systems of the states occupying Poland, the educational system on the Polish territories at the threshold of independence was largely different with regard to the number of  schools, the organization, program and didactic assumptions. The reborn Polish state was confronted with an important task of unifying the system and the level of education. It must be emphasised that this task was actually accomplished. In this the Sejm on March 11, 1932 (the act conclusively dissolved the remains of the educational legislation of the states which partitioned Poland). In the interwar Poland, not only the school system but also the so-called extraschool education developed. The period of the Second Republic of Poland was also the  time of explosion of pedagogic thought. The most important theoretical trends in the educational sciences emerged at that time, primarily: “psychological pedagogy and the related great movement of New Education (progressive education)”, “sociological pedagogics (social pedagogy)”, “cultural pedagogy (humanistic, personalistic pedagogy)”. A special object of reflection on the education in the Second Republic of Poland and of controversy in the pedagogics of the twenty years between the First and the Second World War in Poland was the question of educational aims. In the period until 1926 the dominant trend influencing the educational practice to the largest extent was the so-called patriotic education, whereas in the subsequent years citizenship education prevailed.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2018, 38; 301-307
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy tylko prometeizm? Polityka państwa polskiego wobec wybranych kół emigracji rosyjskiej w latach 1926–1935
Only Prometheanism? The policy of the Polish state towards selected circles of the Russian emigration in the years 1926–1935
Autorzy:
Dryblak, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Second Republic of Poland
Savinkov
Pilsudski
Filosofov
Niezbrzycki
intelligence
Prometheism
Opis:
The article spans the period of 1926–1935, but the presentation of the Polish state policy towards chosen Russian exiles is set in the context of the Polish-Russian co-operation from 1920 to the 1926 May Coup and concludes with an epilogue about Jerzy Niezbrzycki’s cooperation with the members of the Polish branch of the NTS (The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists) in the second half of the 1930s. The author explores the questions of attitudes of the Second Division of the General Staff of the Polish Army and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (occasionally engaged at the same time in Promethean work and contacts with leading members of Russian emigrants in Poland and abroad) towards the Russian emigration. Thus, the article is to answer the questions of the significance of this diaspora to the Polish authorities and of the mechanisms of enlisting their support for the Polish state.The author has reached following conclusions: from the Polish perspective, Promethean activities did not automatically exclude the support for the Russian anti-communist movement, although in fact in the case of a majority of Prometheans it was limited to monitoring of activities of Russian organisations rather than cooperating with them. Contrary to opinions of some researchers, the cooperation with the Russians was not broken after the MOCR-Trust was revealed at the turn of the 1927, but was re-modelled. Often, the purpose of maintaining contacts with the Russians was to replace the activists inconvenient to the authorities with those who were loyal to them; such a policy brought about in the early 1930s the effect of consolidation of the Russian movement around the Polish state, and minimalised German and Soviet impact on it.The study is based on the analysis of the Russian press, memories, published documents and correspondence, as well as materials hold in the Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw, Archives of the Institute of National Remembrance and the online collection of the Józef Piłsudski Institute in New York and International Institute of Social History at Amsterdam.
Źródło:
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej; 2016, 51, 1
2353-6403
1230-5057
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Idea międzymorza w myśli politycznej Obozu Narodowego I połowy XX wieku
The idea of the Isthmus in the political thought of the National Camp of the first half of the twentieth century
Autorzy:
Kawęcki, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/501339.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
Second Republic
the National Camp
the idea of the Isthmus
Opis:
The author speaks of national political parties of the Second Republic, in particular the idea of the Isthmus – to be built on the Baltic-Adriatic and Black bloc countries and nations cooperating closely.
Źródło:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne; 2012, 2(10); 437-445
1898-0171
Pojawia się w:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prometeizm jako założenie polityczno-ideologiczne w korespondencji Polskiej Grupy Prometeusza w Londynie w pierwszych latach po II wojnie światowej
Prometheism as a political and ideological assumption in correspondence of Polish Prometheus Group in London in the first years after the Second World War
Autorzy:
Landmann, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
security
prometeism
USSR
Opis:
The article presents the characteristics of Prometheism as a political and ideological concept in the first few years after the end of World War II. The analysis was based on archival material gathered in the Archives of the Józef Piłsudski Institute in London (hereinafter: AIJP in London) in Team No. 148: Prometheus, main contents contained in the correspondence (documents) of the Polish Promethean Group in London, and also in the literature. The thesis was put forward that in the first years after the end of World War II in the Polish emigration environment, Prometheism still appeared as a political and ideological assumption and also a measure whose implementation could contribute to the internal weakening of the USSR. It can be said that the implementation of the Promethean idea was continued by the Polish emigration environment also after the end of World War II. The Polish Promethean Group in London was the center of the Promethean affairs, inspiring the work of other centers, as well as analyzing the signifi cance of various initiatives inscribed in the vision of post-war Prometeism.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2018, 12; 261-277
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
KOŚCIÓŁ ŁOMŻYŃSKI WOBEC PARTII POLITYCZNYCH W II RP
CHURCH OF LOMZA TO POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE SECOND REPUBLIC
Autorzy:
GUZEWICZ, WOJCIECH
GRYGORCZYK, EWELINA
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
Diocese of Lomza
political parties
the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The article is the question of the relation of the Church Lomza political parties during the Second Republic. It found that the sympathies of the Diocese of Lomza deposited on the side of the Catholic-national groups. Norma was also that none of the party software struggling with the Church and religion, or not recognizing the principles and norms of Catholic could not count on Catholics. The latter groups were included mainly PSL “Liberation”, PPS and Communist parties. Emphasized the fact that the political options of Catholics should be consistent with the value system of the Gospel. This applies to the fact that Catholics supported the forces and political movements which, in relation to the basic ethical took a position contrary to the moral and social teaching of the Church.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2015, 17, 1; 19-30
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Catholic Social School of Poznań (1927–1939)
Autorzy:
Mikołaj, Brenk,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/893634.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:
social school
social welfare
social services
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The Catholic Social School of Poznań was one of the leading Polish didactic centers for social services in the interwar period. In the years 1927–1939 it conducted courses for and educated the staff of care and social institutions, especially those related to the Catholic Church. The priority of the school’s activity was to organize, since the establishment of the institution in 1927, a two-year social work training course, later functioning under the name of the Higher Catholic Social College. In June 1937, the school obtained the state rights of the university and the name of the Higher Catholic Social College. The purpose of the article is to show selected aspects of the institution’s functioning, related to its establishment and educational and education activities until 1939. For this purpose, the preserved source materials in the form of archives, articles published in the magazines of the Second Republic of Poland were analyzed, and few studies developed after 1945 were referred to.
Źródło:
Praca Socjalna; 2019, 34(3); 137-152
0860-3480
Pojawia się w:
Praca Socjalna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przestępstwa przeciwko moralności w pracach Komisji Kodyfikacyjnej II Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Szczygieł, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Codification Commission
criminal law
crime
morality
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The article presents the works of Codification Commission in the Second Republic of Poland on the specific section of the penal code. It considers the discussion on the reports of Juliusz Makarewicz and Stefan Glaser on offences against the so‑ called morality. The article not only emphasizes the views of the most prominent lawyers of the interwar period on the issues of sexual freedom, but also underlines the ideological differences regarding this matter. It also points out to a universal contribution of contemporary codification works to the understanding of the degree of state interference with the sexual freedom of an individual. Most of the opinions and legislative solutions of that time has remained unchanged up to this day, which only emphasizes a universal value of the presented discussion.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2017, 10; 83-104
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Profesorowie Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego i tworzenie prawa II Rzeczpospolitej Wybrane zagadnienia i postaci
Professors at the Jagiellonian University and the creation of the law of the Second Republic of Poland Selected issues and persons
Autorzy:
Malec, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782515.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Jagiellonian University
Codification Commission in the period of the Second Republic
of Poland
Cracow scholars in the period of the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The centenary of Poland’s regaining independence is conducive to reflections on the achievements of the last 100 years, including the legal achievements of the interwar period. The Codification Commission, which celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2019, played an important role in the creation of the law of the Second Republic of Poland. Professors at the Jagiellonian University, including F.K. Fierich, the first President of the Commission in 1919—1928; F. Zoll, S. Gołąb, T. Dziurzyński, W.L. Jaworski, S. Wróblewski, M. Rostworowski, A. Górski, E. Krzymuski, took an active part in its work. The work of the commission on the Polish nature conservation law of 1934 was inspired by professor at Jagiellonian University, W. Szafer. The influence of Cracow scholars on the shape of law was also exercised through participation in the works on the Constitution of 17 March 1921, participation in debates and discussions on the shape of various legal solutions in the field of, among others, the system of academic schools and the training of lawyers, shaping borders, creating acts of executive authorities by virtue of their functions as prime minister and ministers (among others, A. Benis, M. Bobrzyński, S. Estreicher, K.W. Kumaniecki, S. Kutrzeba, J. Nowak, W. Wróblewski).
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 371-384
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Evolving Protection of Borders of the Reborn Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Lubiewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
Second Republic of Poland
border development
border protection system
border agencies
Opis:
The Second Republic of Poland, after regaining independence as a new state and creating state structures, faced many serious challenges. Barely formed boundaries required effective protection as soon as possible. An important problem was the process of gradually gaining power over the borders. While its protection system was developing on the western border, regular military operations continued in the east. This task was not facilitated by the incompletely resolved border conflicts and the ethnically patchy population living in the border areas. One of the most serious problems was the lack of experience in protecting the state borders caused by the loss of independence. For the above reasons, the process of developing the border protection system of the Second Polish Republic lasted several years. How difficult that task was is shown by the number of border formations that were brought into existence at that time, subjecting them to various modifications. As a consequence, due to difficult relations between the Republic and neighboring states, the developed system of border protection was not uniform. It also had to face still not fully stabilised situation in Europe.
Źródło:
Internal Security; 2018, Special Issue; 53-66
2080-5268
Pojawia się w:
Internal Security
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Three Pedagogical Congresses
Autorzy:
Jamrożek, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
pedagogical congresses
Second Republic of Poland
school organisation
history of education
Opis:
The paper presents how important for the history of Polish education were: Ogólnopolski Zjazd Oświatowy (the All-Poland Education Convention) in Warsaw (of April 1919) – called the Teachers’ Sejm, the 1st Pedagogical Congress in Poznan and the 4th Pedagogical Congress in Warsaw (of May 1939). The aforementioned convention and both congresses played a significant role in the development of educational thought and practice in interwar Poland. The scope of the issues discussed during sessions was large. It covered issues regarding the school system and the school administration, preschool upbringing and other levels of education including higher education, vocational schools, teachers’ education and teachers’ pragmatics, nonschool education, school and physical education hygiene. Resolutions and motions adopted at Ogólnopolski Zjazd Oświatowy (All-Poland Education Convention) in Warsaw, in April 1919, provided grounds for work on developing a democratic national education system. The main issues of the Congress in Poznan, held on 8–10 July 1929 during the General National Exhibition in Poznan, were referred to also during sessions of consecutive pedagogical congresses organised by the Polish Teachers’ Union: 2nd Pedagogical Congress (in Vilnius, on 4–8 July 1931) and 3rd Pedagogical Congress (in Lvov on 17–21 June 1933). Sessions of the aforementioned 4th Pedagogical Congress in Warsaw were held in May 1939, in special circumstances, when a threat from Hitler’s Germany reached its apogee among the Polish society, including teachers. Resolutions of the 4th Congress included the programme of democratic transformations of the national education system characterised in many aspects even with an explicit social radicalism. They provided broader access to the university education for the youth from farmers’ and workers’ families, develop special schooling and extend the school obligation for blind, deaf, mentally disabled and “morally neglected” children, develop adult education, implement education for primary school teachers only at a university level.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2018, 38; 171-178
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of the Economic Legislation on the Restoration of the Polish State after the First World War
Autorzy:
Jastrzębski, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
business law
commercial law
law codification
the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The paper discusses the issue of the impact of Polish economic legislation on the restoration of the Polish State after the First World War. The author draws attention to those legal regulations that directly influenced the Polish legal order and constituted the result of the activity of the Polish legislature in the years 1918-1939. Most of those regulations were drafted by the Commission of Codification, which had been established under the Act of June 3, 1919, and were related to two periods of economic reform: firstly – the reform conducted by Wladyslaw Grabski along with the earlier legislation mainly related to the period of partition of the Polish state; and secondly – the times after 1926. Significantly, an overwhelming number of regulations were promulgated in the form of decrees with the statutory validity issued by the President of the Second Republic of Poland, which actually eliminated the Polish Parliament from the legislative process. The purpose of these regulations was to unify economically the Polish lands and to create a uniform commercial law. It is worth emphasizing that such enactments as the Industrial Law of 1927, the Commercial Code, the Law of Arrangements with Creditors and the Insolvency Law (all enacted in 1934) remained in force also after 1945. Some of the aforementioned regulations, in particular the Commercial Code of 1934 that was finally repealed at the beginning of this century, largely affected the economic changes after 1989.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2018, 1(91); 265-282
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ustrój samorządny województwa śląskiego czy autonomia? Spór doktrynalny czy też różne instytucje ustrojowe?
Silesian Voivodship — Self-Government or an Autonomy? A Doctrinal Dispute or Different Government Structures?
Autorzy:
Drogoń, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Second Republic of Poland, Silesian Voivodship, decentralization, autonomy, structure
of government
Opis:
Legislative competences guaranteed the voivodeship far-reaching independence within the Polish state’s system of government. A fundamental question arises as to what extent the scope of matters defined as self-governing by the constitutional bill of July 15, 1920, making the Silesian voivodship autonomous, breached the fundamental principles upon which the structure of government was based according to the March Constitution passed eight months later. It is mainly the case of the state’s uniformity. The terms a „self-governing system” and an „autonomous system of government” may be used interchangeably, noting that the binding phrase for a lawyer should be: a system based on self-governing laws, as it derives from statutory terminology. Regardless of which of these terms we are going to use, they will contain in essence, in their semantic layer a broad form of decentralization, perceived as a scope of competences ascribed to a given community and giving a local community vast freedom to realize their most required goals.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2018, 11, 2; 121-138
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola nauczyciela w wychowaniu moralnym w II Rzeczypospolitej na podstawie analizy treści „Przeglądu Pedagogicznego” (1918–1939)
Autorzy:
Magdalena, Rzepka,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892355.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-21
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
moral education
“Pedagogical Review”
teachers
Second Republic of Poland
interwar period
Opis:
The aim of the article is to attempt to present the role of a teacher in the process of moral education in the opinion of the authors publishing in the teachers’ journal “Pedagogical Review” based on the analysis of its issues from the years 1918–1939. Moral education in the interwar period was a subject of interest in pedagogical circles both in Poland and abroad. This was related to the popularity of the slogans of the New Education as well as the moral revival sought after the First World War. The authors publishing in the “Pedagogical Review” believed that, next to the parents, it is the teachers who should play the most important role in the process of moral education of children. Their personal example, the use of a wide range of educational methods and influence in various educational areas were the most important factors shaping the educational environment for the moral education of the young generation of Poles.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2018, 63(4(250)); 102-123
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Smak Orientu i inne przyjemności. Rola filmów przygodowych i morskich w propagandzie II RP
The Taste of the Orient and Other Pleasures: The Role of Adventure and Marine Films in the Propaganda of the Polish Second Republic
Autorzy:
Uryniak, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341988.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Sztuki PAN
Tematy:
II RP
kolonializm
Michał Waszyński
Józef Lejtes
Polish Second Republic
colonialism
Opis:
W Polskiej publicystyce lat 30. XX w. często powracającym tematem była kwestia budowy imperium kolonialnego. Ponieważ władze II Rzeczypospolitej nie podejmowały oficjalnych działań mających doprowadzić do pozyskania terytoriów zamorskich, dyskusja ta odbywała się przede wszystkim na łamach prasy, literatury, a także na ekranach kin. Schemat fabuły prezentującej przygody dzielnego Polaka przeżywającego przygody w dalekich krajach lub rozprawiającego się z międzynarodową szajką przestępców powtarza się w kilku znaczących filmach tego okresu. Tytuły takie jak Głos pustyni (1932, reż. Michał Waszyński) czy Sygnały (1938, reż. Józef Lejtes), proponując polskiemu widzowi atrakcje w postaci dalekich krajów i sensacyjnych przygód, posłużyły jako sposób na leczenie narodowych kompleksów, stawiając Polskę w jednym rzędzie z najpotężniejszymi państwami ówczesnego świata. Filmy te – czemu również jest poświęcony artykuł – ujawniają ponadto wiele kontekstów dotyczących życia w ówczesnej Polsce.
In Polish journalism of the 1930s a recurring theme was the question of building a colonial empire. Because the government of the Second Republic made no official attempts at gaining overseas territories, this discussion took place above all in the press, literature, and on cinema screens. The schematic plot of adventures of a brave Pole having adventures in far off countries or dealing with international criminal gang appears in several important films of the era. Titles such as Voice of the Desert (Głos pustyni, 1932, dir. Michał Waszyński), or Signals (Sygnały, 1938, dir. Józef Lejtes), offered to Polish audiences attractions in the form of distant countries and sensational adventures, and served as a way of healing national complexes, placing Poland in line with the most powerful countries of the time. These films, as also noted in the article, reveal further details and contexts of life in Poland of the time.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Filmowy; 2016, 95; 71-83
0452-9502
2719-2725
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Filmowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Circumstances of the Establishment of “Żegluga Polska” in 1926
Autorzy:
Siemianowski, Jordan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30146155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
polscy armatorzy
Druga Rzeczpospolita
gospodarka morska Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
polityka morska Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
“Żegluga Polska”
polska flota handlowa
the Second Polish Republic
maritime economy of the Second Republic
maritime policy of the Second Republic
Polish shipowners
Polish merchant fleet
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie wpływu działalności polsko-norweskiego Towarzystwa Żeglugi Morskiej “Sarmacja” S.A. oraz międzynarodowego rynku węglowego na powstanie w 1926 r. polskiego armatora Żegluga Polska. Opracowanie sporządzono na podstawie analizy dokumentów dostępnych głównie w Archiwum Akt Nowych, Archiwum Państwowym w Gdańsku, Riksarkivet w Oslo, jak również literatury przedmiotu – wspomnień oraz publikacji naukowych. Podjęte badania dowodzą, że upadek “Sarmacji” oraz koniunktura na polski węgiel wywarły decydujący wpływ na powstanie Żeglugi Polskiej. Zwieńczeniem dokonanej analizy jest udowodnienie, że utworzenie solidnego polskiego przedsiębiorstwa żeglugowego w 1926 r. bez całkowitego wkładu finansowego polskich władz państwowych było niemożliwe. Artykuł porządkuje ponadto obowiązujące w nauce sprzeczne ustalenia oraz scala obowiązujące fakty.
The aim of this paper is to show the impact of the activities of the Polish-Norwegian sea shipping company “Towarzystwo Żeglugi Morskiej «Sarmacja» SA” and the events in the international coal market on the establishment of the Polish shipowner “Żegluga Polska” in 1926. The investigations are based on the analysis of documents available mainly in the Polish Archives of New Records, the State Archives in Gdańsk, and Riksarkivet in Oslo, as well as the literature of the subject, including memoirs and scientific publications. The study provides evidence that the collapse of “Sarmacja” and the high demand for Polish coal were the key impulses for the establishment of “Żegluga Polska.” The final conclusion is that in 1926, a solid Polish shipping company could not be created without the full financial support of the Polish state authorities. The present article also sorts out contradictory literature findings and organises already-known facts into a coherent whole.
Źródło:
Studia Maritima; 2022, 35; 85-111
0137-3587
2353-303X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Maritima
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Szkoła i armia jako podmioty oddziaływania wychowawczego państwa w myśli politycznej obozu narodowego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej w kontekście zainteresowań badawczych Ryszarda Borowicza historią wojskową, oświatą i politologią
Autorzy:
Wojdyło, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2050804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-08-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
army
Second Polish Republic
school
educational influence
Opis:
The active and direct participation of the state in the process of education was a very important and significant element that put the position of the main ideological-political formations in the interwar period in opposition to concepts constructed at the turn of the twentieth century. At the time of regaining independence, the state could be considered as one of the main subjects that were import_ant for rebuilding the awareness and collective identity of Polish people’s citizenship. Therefore, this text deals with the school and the army – institutions of educational influence during the Second Polish Republic – as the subjects of educational influence.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2014, 4(104); 226-238
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Założenia organizacyjne żłobków dziennych w okresie międzywojennym według wytycznych Polskiego Komitetu Opieki nad Dzieckiem
The organizational guidelines for day nurseries in the Interwar period as set by the Polish Childcare Committee
Autorzy:
Wróblewska, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Nurseries
Polish Childcare Committee
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The aim of this article is to present the main organizational assumptions of nurseries, which were just organized in the Interwar period and were to represent the first level of social care and educational work for mothers and children. The proposed issue is of contributory nature and is the first attempt to discuss the activities and operations of nurseries in the Interwar period, when their utility and significance were discussed. It is a description of the origins of the facility, which in the post-war period was a common element of childcare. As a result of the developing industry and the growing demand for workers, young mothers also took up paid jobs in order to improve their material status. Therefore, nurseries located near factories did not actually mushroom and the time of development of this institution was arrested in the post-war period.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2021, 44; 45-57
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Concepts of Jan Kopczyński, President of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, Regarding the Formation of the Council of State in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Kopczyński, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Council of State
legislation
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The paper focuses on a proposal to reform the lawmaking process in the Second Polish Republic through the establishment of a Council of State. The idea of creating a Council of State to improve the quality of legislation was widespread among the Polish legal elite of that time; many representatives of the legal profession presented their ideas in various periodicals. Particularly prominent among the supporters of this concept was the president of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, Jan Kopczyński, who submitted for discussion by his fellow lawyers several proposals he had prepared for the establishment the Tribunal. The paper describes the debate over Kopczyński’s proposals by juxtaposing them with the concepts of other representatives of the legal doctrine of the Second Polish Republic and the solutions that were applied by the government in that period. The ideas for the creation of the Council of State focused on two foreign models. The first was the French Conseil d’État, which combined legislative and administrative-court powers. The second model was the Romanian Legislative Council, whose tasks were strictly limited to legislation, without the administrative-court functions. Jan Kopczyński’s concepts were closer to the Romanian model. Kopczyński submitted three proposals to establish a Council of State, but none of his proposals was implemented. A substitute for the Council of State was to be the Legal Council to the Minister of Justice, established in 1926 by a regulation of the President of the Republic, but it quickly ended its activities encountering both reluctance of the parliament and a frigid reception by the ruling elite. The fact that the Council of State was never established, although it enjoyed widespread approval in the legal community, proves that politics always has the upper hand in a clash with legal idealism.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 171-199
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kandydat PSL „Wyzwolenie” pierwszym prezydentem Polski, czyli wielka gra Stanisława Thugutta w grudniu 1922 roku
Autorzy:
Białokur, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1042654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Stanisław Thugutt
Polish People’s Party “Wyzwolenie/Liberation”
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
In December 1922, the first presidential election in history took place in Poland. Voting was not universal because the National Assembly made their choice. One of the candidates for the office of president was proposed by Stanislaw Thugutt. He was the leader of the Polish People’s Party “Wyzwolenie/Liberation”. PPP “Wyzwolenie/Liberation” was one of the largest peasant parties in interwar Poland. In comparison with the largest peasant party in the Second Polish Republic – the Polish People’s Party “Piast” was a leftist party. On December 9,1922, both parties supported the same candidate in a decisive vote. It was Gabriel Narutowicz, who was then the Minister of Foreign Affairs. In addition, he was a well-known civil engineering engineer in Europe, in particular hydroelectric power plants. It should be emphasized that Narutowicz was not a member of PSL. Unexpectedly, Narutowicz won the election and became the first president in Polish history. In the decisive fifth vote, he defeated the right-wing party candidate. It was a great success for Thugutt, who proved to be a foresight politician. Unfortunately, a week after the election, Gabriel Narutowicz was murdered by a right-wing fanatic. However, this did not change the fact that the first president in Polish history was the candidate proposed by the people’s party.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Wiejskie; 2019, 25; 85-107
1506-6541
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Profesor Wacław Komarnicki, poseł na sejm RP, jeniec obozu w Kozielsku, ocalony
Professor Wacław Komarnicki, MP of the Second Polish Republic, Prisoner of Kozelsk POW Camp, Survivor
Autorzy:
Góras, Michał Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951027.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Wacław Komarnicki
działalność polityczna
II Rzeczpospolita Polska
political activity
Polish Second Republic
Opis:
Artykuł ukazuje sylwetkę prof. Wacława Komarnickiego, posła na sejm II RP, jednego z najwybitniejszych polskich prawników. Przedstawiono jego młodość, pracę naukową i dydaktyczną w Wilnie i Warszawie oraz zaangażowanie polityczne przed wybuchem II wojny światowej. Okres niewoli sowieckiej został scharakteryzowany i wzbogacony relacją z pobytu w obozach jenieckich w Kozielsku i Griazowcu. Przedstawiono działalność publiczną w Wielkiej Brytanii, gdzie był ministrem sprawiedliwości w dwóch rządach RP na uchodźstwie w latach 1942–1944.
The article presents the biography of Wacław Komarnicki, MP of the Second Polish Republic, one of the most outstanding Polish lawyers. The article discusses his youth, the period of scientific and didactic work in Vilnius and Warsaw and his political engagement before the outbreak of World War II. Particular emphasis is put on the period of captivity in the Soviet POW camps from September 1939 to August 1941; this period is characterised and enriched by Wacław Komarnicki’s report of the time he spent in POW camps at Kozelsk and Gryazovets. His public activity in Great Britain is presented as Minister of Justice in two Polish governments-in-exile in 1942–1944.
Źródło:
Dzieje Najnowsze; 2019, 51, 2; 265-286
0419-8824
Pojawia się w:
Dzieje Najnowsze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sądownictwo powszechne na terenie województwa białostockiego w II RP
The Judiciary System in Białystok Voievodship in the Polish Second Republic
Autorzy:
Fiedorczyk, Piotr
Kowalski, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621652.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Bialystok voivodship, Poland’s Second Republic, Common courts of law, judiciary system
Opis:
The Białystok Voievodship was established in 1919. It consisted of the territories, which were earlier under Russian Empire rule, but belonged to two different administrative structures. Until 1928, the judiciary system has been regulated by laws coming from the time of the partitions or by temporary Polish regulation. In 1928 the judiciary system in Poland was unified. The most important problem in the judiciary system was the very frequent changes of the seats of the courts. Financial shortages were forcing the State to liquidate small courts. The result was very poor – people had troubles with access to the courts. Small courts were liquidated by the order of the Minister of Justice, not by the act of parliament. It was strongly criticized in the doctrine at that time.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2012, 11; 275-299
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Edukacja ekologiczna w drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Environmental education in the second republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Wolter, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/496754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Franciszka Salezego
Tematy:
The Second Republic of Poland
environmental education
textbooks
the environmental education process
Opis:
The aim of the article is to explain problems related to environmental education of children in the Second Republic of Poland, based on selected examples of the work of Maria Arct-Golczewska, Zofia Bohuszewiczówna and Wanda Haberkantówna. The work of these authors, i.e. stories for children and textbooks for environmental education to be used at general schools and secondary schools, was recommended by the Minister of Denominations and Public Enlightenment. These stories and textbooks were intended as teaching aids in the environmental education process, a process that was an implication of all educational activities. The authors named above also translated, into Polish, and popularized the work of foreign authors, especially the following: A. E. Brehm, A. B. Buckley, H. Coupin, H. Fabre, E. Hassenpflug, P. Ledoux, G. G. Lewis and E. Thompson. It must be emphasised that the work of these foreign authors were also used as teaching aids during the Second Republic of Poland.
Źródło:
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe; 2012, 31; 183-196
1232-8766
Pojawia się w:
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Формирование и развитие органов местного управления и самоуправления в Беларуси
Autorzy:
Колесников, Валерий В.
Крастина, Анжелика Ч.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621587.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Grand Duchy of Lithuania, law of magdeburg, self-government, Polish Second Republic
Opis:
As is the case in the majority of modern states, the formation of local management and self- management in Belarus is an inevitable process. During the economic and political reforms required for this purpose, there are necessary preconditions. Historically, local government has passed through a long and difficult process of development in Belarus. In working out modern concepts of local government, it is necessary to consider the evolution of the machinery of government and the historical development of most legal regulations of mutual relations between the state as a whole and its parts. Actually, the first forms of self- -management in its modern understanding began to arise in the territory of modern Byelorussia since the XIVth century. In the present legal and historical scientific literature, there was no uniform representation about the stages of formation of local governments in the territory of Belarus. It is represented that these or any other processes are always conditional; nevertheless, in this work, one of the variants of classification and a periodization of the process of formation and the development of local management and self-management in the territory of Belarus is offered.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2012, 11; 115-128
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wartości przekazywane i pielęgnowane przez matki w rodzinach wiejskich w okresie międzywojennym
Values transferred and cherished by mothers in the rural families in the Polish Second Republic
Autorzy:
Józefowicz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Pedagogiki. Zakład Historii Edukacji
Tematy:
mother
family
country
value
work
community
education
patriotic value
Polish Second Republic
Opis:
In the Polish Second Republic, so in the country rebom afiter one hundred twenty three years of captivity, the role of a woman as a woman-mother, was significantly emphasized. Press, literature, researchers have proved that safety and order in the whole country depend on safety and order in individual families. The key notion became: „from education of a mother to education of a child”. While analyzing sources such as newspapers, magazines, diaries, guidebooks, I noticed the following values for which mothers in rural families were held to be responsible: 1 ,value of work connected with obligation in farm and household, so role of mother asahousewife; 2.the value of the family as a community and the mother's role in it. Mother was the first protector, tutor, patron of a child. Mother took care of child and other members in the family, she helped them, she guaranteed the positive atmosphere at home, took care of safety in a wide context. It was significant that mother appealed in the process of socialization to common traditions and experiences; 3.value of education and social consciousness, so the role of the mother in shaping social consciousness; 4.patriotic value, so the role of the mother in shaping patriotic attitude.
Źródło:
Wychowanie w Rodzinie; 2011, I, (1/2011)
2082-9019
Pojawia się w:
Wychowanie w Rodzinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działania Ministra Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego w Polsce w latach 1918-1939 na rzecz rozwoju szkolnej turystyki wycieczkowej
Activities of the Minister of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment in Poland Between 1918 and 1939 for the Development of School Tourism
Autorzy:
Ćwikła, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29551721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
tourism
children and youth tourism
tourism in the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
W artykule starano się udowodnić, iż w rozwoju turystyki wycieczkowej dzieci i młodzieży w Polsce w latach 1918-1939 bardzo ważną rolę odegrały władze państwowe, które podjęły działania promocyjne, słusznie upatrując w tej formie pracy z uczniem możliwości kształtowania postaw patriotycznych i obywatelskich. Dokonano analizy aktów prawnych wydanych przez Ministra Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego, zawierających wytyczne w zakresie organizacji wycieczek w postaci wskazówek bądź zaleceń. W kolejnej części tekstu opisano zaangażowanie władz państwowych na rzecz stworzenia turystycznej bazy noclegowej, która mogła być wykorzystywana podczas wycieczek trwających dłużej niż jeden dzień. W końcowej części opracowania podkreślono, że regulacje prawne odnoszące się do szkolnej turystyki wycieczkowej w Polsce w latach 1918-1939 były niewystarczające.
The article tries to prove that in the development of children and youth tourism in Poland in the years 1918-1939 a very important role was played by the state authorities, who took promotional actions, rightly seeing in this form of work with students the possibility of shaping patriotic and civil attitudes. An analysis was made of the legal acts issued by the Minister of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment, containing guidelines for the organization of trips in the form of instructions or recommendations. The next part of the text describes the involvement of the state authorities in creating a tourist accommodation base that could be used during trips lasting more than one day. In the final part of the study it was emphasized that the legal regulations relating to school tourism in Poland between 1918 and 1939 were insufficient.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2022, 32, 2; 25-39
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Międzywojenne piśmiennictwo i orzecznictwo we współczesnych podręcznikach prawa karnego oraz komentarzach do kodeksu karnego
Literature and court judgements from between the two world wars in contemporary course books of criminal law and commentaries to the criminal code
Autorzy:
Rakowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/533227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
criminal law
Second Republic of Poland
legal literature
judgements of the Supreme Court of the Second Republic of Poland
teaching criminal law in the Second Republic of Poland
prawo karne
II Rzeczypospolita
piśmiennictwo prawnicze
orzecznictwo SN II RP
nauka prawa karnego w II RP
Opis:
The author of the article seeks an answer to the question whether the works published in the recent years make reference to the achievements of the Polish criminal law science from the time between the two world wars. The study focuses on the most common publications, that is academic course books (designed for students) and commentaries on the code (addressed to practitioners). They contain fairly numerous references to the works of criminal lawyers active in the Second Republic of Poland (usually Juliusz Makarewicz, Wacław Makowski, Leon Peiper, Stefan Glaser, and Aleksander Mogilnicki). The course books in criminal law present basic questions and therefore the rulings of the courts (also contemporary) are hardly ever quoted in such publications. References to the judgements of the Supreme Court of the Second Republic of Poland, also from the pre-code period, are in turn present in the contemporary commentaries to the criminal code. The materials gathered allow the statement that various contemporary authors, also co-authors of collective works, make use of the achievements of the criminal lawyers of the Second Republic to a different degree. It is worth noting that if a recently published work contains references to pre-war literature on the subject and court judgements, it usually draws conclusions different from those of other authors. Such a status quo proves that bygone literature and judgements are still useful for the interpretation of the binding regulations of criminal law.
Autor artykułu poszukuje odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy w pracach wydawanych w ostatnich latach przywoływany jest dorobek polskiej nauki prawa karnego okresu międzywojennego. Przedmiotem badań są publikacje najbardziej powszechne, czyli podręczniki akademickie (przeznaczone dla studentów) oraz komentarze do kodeksu (kierowane do praktyków). Można w nich odnaleźć dość liczne odesłania do dzieł karnistów aktywnych w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej (najczęściej Juliusza Makarewicza, Wacława Makowskiego, Leona Peipera, Stefana Glasera oraz Aleksandra Mogilnickiego). W podręcznikach do nauki prawa karnego prezentowane są zagadnienia podstawowe i dlatego w zasadzie w publikacjach tego rodzaju nie jest przywoływane orzecznictwo sądów (również współczesne). Odesłania do wyroków Sądu Najwyższego II RP, także z okresu przedkodeksowego, występują za to we współczesnych komentarzach do kodeksu karnego. Zgromadzony materiał pozwala na stwierdzenie, że różni współcześni autorzy, także współtwórcy prac zbiorowych, niejednakowo chętnie korzystają z dorobku karnistów II Rzeczypospolitej. Warto też zauważyć, że jeśli w wydanej ostatnio pracy odnajdujemy odesłania do przedwojennej literatury przedmiotu i orzeczeń sądowych, to zazwyczaj wskazywane są tam tezy inne niż przywoływane przez pozostałych autorów. Taki stan rzeczy wskazuje, że dawne piśmiennictwo i orzecznictwo wciąż jest przydatne przy interpretacji obowiązujących przepisów prawa karnego.
Źródło:
Studia z Dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego; 2014, 17; 287-302
1733-0335
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish Interwar [Non]Democracy from the View-Point of Julije Benešić
Poljska međuratna (ne)demokracija Benešićevim očima
Autorzy:
Pieniążek-Marković, Krystyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/636208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
Julije Benešić
autocracy
intimist literature
Opis:
In the article, the image of Polish democracy/autocracy during the Second Republic has been reconstructed. The subject of the analysis were the autobiographical notes entitled Osam godina u Varšavi written by Julije Benešić who stayed in Warsaw in the years 1930–1938 as a delegate of the Yugoslavian Department of Eductaion and Science. From his currently updated notes, a picture of Poland emerged as a state in which the basic civil rights were regularly broken including those guaranteed by the Constitution. The most glaring examples of the non-democratic actions regarded the problems of the national minorities (specifically the Polish-Ukrainian and Polish-Jewish relationships) as well as the prisons for the political opponents (Bereza Kartuska and Brześć). What is more, the observations made by the Croatian translator, writer and linguist illuminate in the form of interesting conotations the Polish mentality.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne; 2019, 17; 191-207
2084-3011
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Naked eye: the Belarusian press of the Second Polish Republic in egodocuments
Autorzy:
Sluka, Nadzeya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/472280.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Dziennikarstwa, Informacji i Bibliologii
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
Western Belarus
Belarusian press
egodocuments
Opis:
The article deals with the particular kind of documentary sources for the history of the Belarusians in the Second Polish Republic – memoirs and diaries. The memoirs of Liudvika Vojcik, Janka Bagdanowič, Marjan Pieciukievič, and also the diaries of Maksim Tank and Piotr Siaŭruk are reviewed. The article concludes that personal writings provide unique information about the Belarusian national movement and the Belarusian press that can be applied in further historical research.
Źródło:
Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi; 2019, Tom specjalny: Dla Niepodległej / Special Issue: For an Independent Poland; 435-444
1897-0788
2544-8730
Pojawia się w:
Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka finansowa Powszechnego Zakładu Ubezpieczeń Wzajemnych w latach trzydziestych XX w.
Financial policy of PZUW [Mutual Insurance Company] in the 1930s
Autorzy:
Bednaruk, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Mutual Insurance Company
great economic crisis
insurance
interwar period
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The global economic crisis, lasting since 1929, led to a collapse on the Polish insurance market. As a consequence, numerous insurance companies went bankrupt and Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń Wzajemnych [Mutual Insurance Company], the largest insurer in the industry, had to urgently implement a recovery programme. It consisted in taking greater care of income from insurance premiums, while at the same time tightening the compensation payment system. As a result of sound financial policy, the PZUW authorities managed to survive and even strengthen the company’s position in the insurance industry. However, the outstanding premiums seriously burdened the insurer’s balance sheet, and this problem was not solved until the outbreak of World War II.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 513-524
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obraz Polesia w publikacjach wydanych przez Koło Krajoznawcze Uczniów Gimnazjum Państwowego im. Marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego w Pińsku
The Image of Polesie in Publications of the Students’ Sightseeing Club of the Marshal Józef Piłsudski State Middle School in Pinsk
Autorzy:
Załęczny, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2235031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
krajoznawstwo
Polesie
regionalizm
II Rzeczpospolita
Pińsk
sightseeing
regionalism
Second Republic of Poland
Pinsk
Opis:
Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia publikacji wydawanych przez Koło Krajoznawcze Uczniów Gimnazjum Państwowego im. Marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego w Pińsku w drugiej połowie lat trzydziestych na tle działań krajoznawczych i regionalnych. Analiza tekstów stała się punktem wyjścia do nakreślenia sposobu postrzegania ludności Polesia przez młodzież i skłoniła do refleksji nad zależnościami edukacji i wychowania od polityki kresowej kreowanej przez państwo.
The article attempts to present the publications issued by the Students’ Sightseeing Club of the Marshal Józef Piłsudski State Middle School in Pinsk in the second half of the 1930s against the backdrop of sightseeing and regional activities. The analysis of the texts became the starting point for outlining the perception of the Polesie population by young people and led to reflection on the dependence of education and upbringing on the borderland policy created by the state.
Źródło:
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej; 2022, 57, 2; 77-101
2353-6403
1230-5057
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawne aspekty funkcjonowania Karaimskiego Związku Religijnego w II Rzeczypospolitej
Legal basis of Karaite’s community in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Resler, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/440220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Związek Karaimów Polskich. Karaimska Oficyna Wydawnicza Bitik
Tematy:
Karaites
religious minority
the Second Polish Republic
denominationalism
Opis:
Po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości w granicach nowego państwa znalazły się cztery gminy karaimskie. Ich sytuacja prawna nie była uregulowana. Potrzebę zmiany widziały zarówno władze państwowe jak i Karaimi. W 1923 roku w Wilnie społeczność karaimska rozpoczęła pracę nad przygotowaniem odpowiednich aktów prawnych. W roku 1927 miał miejsce ogólnopolski zjazd Karaimów, który na urząd hachana wybrał Hadżi Seraja Szapszała. W porozumieniu z Szapszałem w 1931 roku władze państwowe rozpoczęły prace nad projektem ustawy. Ostatecznie Ustawa o stosunku państwa do Karaimskiego Związku Religijnego w RP została uchwalona 21 kwietnia 1936 roku. Ustawa określiła prawne ramy funkcjonowania religii karaimskiej w Polsce, sposób wyboru duchownych, organy związ-ku i gmin oraz uprawnienia nadzorcze władz państwowych. Została pozytywnie odebrana przez większość Karaimów, przez których była uważana za szansę na przetrwanie własnej społeczności.
Four communes with Karaite communities were located within the borders of newly independent Poland in 1918. Their legal status was unregulated. Both the Government and members of this ethnic group saw the need to formalize their position. Thus it was that in 1923 the Karaites began work on drafting the relevant legislation. In 1927 the new leader of the community (called hachan) was elected and in 1931 with his help the Government finely started work on an appropriate statute, enacted on 21st April, 1936, which established the legal foundations of the Karaite religion in Poland. The most important regulations concerned the elections of priests, organs of the Karaites Union and its communes and the Government’s rights of control over those organs. The statute was accepted by most members of this ethnic group. It was viewed as a tool to help such a small community survive.
Źródło:
Almanach Karaimski; 2016, 5
2300-8164
Pojawia się w:
Almanach Karaimski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Katolicki ruch charytatywny w diecezji łomżyńskiej w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej. Cz. 1: Struktura i organizacja
Catholic Charity Movement in the Lomza Diocese During the Second Polish Republic. Part 1: Structure and Organization
Autorzy:
Guzewicz, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26470136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
charity movement
diocese of Lomza
Opis:
Charity is an integral part of the Churchʼs ministry, and active charity is one of the Christianʼs basic duties (cf. Mt 25, 35-45). The Church follows in the footsteps of her Founder, who loved us and showed us this love not only through the Sacrifice of Salvation, but also through works of mercy (cf. Mt 11, 5). Therefore, he not only proclaims the love of neighbor and obliges him to perform acts of mercy, but also gives charitable activities institutional forms, making caring for the poor one of the main tasks of the deaconʼs office (Acts 6, 1-6). In Poland, the traditions of this activity date back to the beginnings of the Piast state. Over the centuries, it was mainly animated and led by bishops and religious orders, but also brotherhoods and lay people. It was similar in the interwar period and in the Lomza diocese, except that the nature and forms of this activity were adapted to the changing socio-political conditions after the war. And so, in the first period, emphasis was placed mainly on the organizational and coordination side of charity, and since the economic crisis in 1929 and the development of Catholic Action, primarily on specific charity work and refining its methods. By charity we will understand the entire charity campaign carried out in the interwar diocese of Lomza. It was based mainly on Parish Committees of Relief, consisting mainly of Vincentian associations and Catholic Action, 2) charitable institutions and foundations; 3) the activities of religious orders, in particular the Congregation of the Sisters of Mercy of Saint. Wincentego à Paulo.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2021, 23, 4; 515-524
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Paramilitarne struktury i działalność spiskowo-bojowa polskiej prawicy 1918–1933
Paramilitary structures and the conspirational and combat activity of the Polish political right in 1918–1933
Autorzy:
Tomasiewicz, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/556778.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
skrajna prawica
przemoc polityczna
Druga Rzeczpospolita
far right
political violence
the Second Republic
Opis:
Życie polityczne w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego nacechowane było przemocą. Polska prawica (zarówno nacjonalistyczna jak konserwatywna) była jednym z aktorów tej przemocy, lecz początkowo nie odgrywała w niej wiodącej roli. Pomimo pewnej fascynacji faszyzmem polscy prawicowcy w latach 20. nie byli gotowi do systematycznego stosowania przemocy. Punktem zwrotnym był przewrót 1926 r. Nowopowstały Obóz Wielkiej Polski posiada paramilitarną strukturę, a jego młodzieżowe skrzydło szkoliło się do walki. Ta ewolucja w kierunku przemocy politycznej została przerwana delegalizacją OWP w 1933 r.
The political life in the Second Republic was very violent and volatile. The Polish political right (both conservative and nationalist) was one of actors of the violence theatre but initially its role was not principal. Despite certain fascination with fascism, Polish rightists of the 20s were not ready for the systematic use of violence. The turning point was the coup d’etat of the 1926. The newly created Obóz Wielkiej Polski (Greater Poland Camp) had a paramilitary structure and its youth wing were trained into violence. This violent evolution was stopped by banning of the OWP in 1933.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2016, 2; 67-86
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recepcja koncepcji pedagogicznych Édouarda Séguina w pedagogice Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Reception of Édouard Séguin’s pedagogical concepts in the pedagogy of the Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Fetzki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
pedagogy of the mentally disabled
Édouard Séguin
Maria Grzegorzewska
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The article discusses the direct and indirect influence that the concepts of Édouard Séguin, creator of a pedagogy for people with intellectual disabilities, had on the development of Polish special and general pedagogy in the interwar period. It also presents a brief overview of the biography and achievements of this Franco-American pedagogue and doctor.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2017, 37; 23-36
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An x-ray of a genocide: Persecution of Catholic Church during the Spanish civil war (1936-1939)
Radiogram ludobójstwa: prześladowania Kościoła w czasie wojny domowej w Hiszpanii (1936-1939)
Autorzy:
de la Fuente de Pablo, Pablo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1827145.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Spain
1936-1939
religious persecution
the Second Republic
Hiszpania
prześladowania religijne
Druga Republika
Opis:
One of the biggest genocides in the history of Spain has been the religious persecution during the Second Republic and the Spanish Civil War. Nowadays, the politically correct discourse tries to present those facts as a result of actions undertaken by uncontrolled people in a situation that was very difficult for the authorities to monitor. The truth is very different. Assassinations, tortures, rapes were committed in the majority of cases by militias formed and supervised by Republican authorities.
Jednym z największych ludobójstw w historii Hiszpanii były mordy, do których doszło w wyniku prześladowań religijnych z okresu Drugiej Republiki oraz hiszpańskiej wojny domowej. Obecnie w ramach politycznie poprawnego dyskursu usiłuje się przedstawiać te fakty jako działania podejmowane przez osoby niekontrolowane przez ówczesne władze w trudnej do monitorowania sytuacji. Prawda jest jednak zupełnie inna. Zabójstwa, tortury i gwałty popełniały w przytłaczającej większości oddziały milicji, stworzone i nadzorowane przez władze Republiki.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Historycznej Towarzystwa Naukowego KUL; 2019, 1(16); 45-55
2658-1175
2719-3144
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Historycznej Towarzystwa Naukowego KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rytuały periodyczne jako narzędzie integracji systemu „pomajowego”
Autorzy:
Chechłowska-Lipińska, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
the political system of the Second Republic of Poland
authoritarianism
Józef Piłsudski
periodicrituals
Opis:
After the May Coup Piłsudzki began the transformation of the political system in the direction of authoritarian solutions. Due to the lack of ideology, and also the need of public participation in political life, it was necessary to create mechanisms for the integration of the political system. The best tools for this purpose were periodic rituals – skillfully made by the ruling camp. They connect citizens between themselves and with government representatives . Analyzing the problems discussed in the pages of newspapers connected with sanacia, we can see the life cycles defining events in the Second Republic. These included name day of Jozef Pilsudski (19 March), Independence Day (November 11) and parliamentary elections. At that moments compeers of Piłsudski mobilized the whole society to work together, celebrate together, and seemingly involve in the public life of the country. Outside of these moments the system was free from political mobilization. The journalists analyzed the situation of Polish, mentioned merit and urged to be active. Although the headlines showed very solemn, glamour celebration of name day of Pilsudski and Independence Day, they were a unique event. Besides poems, memories, articles glorify Marshall and distinguished soldiers in the fight for independence, there was no opportunity for the active participation of citizens in the celebrations. Except these individuals who laid flowers and take part in the official ceremony in Warsaw, the people accompanied apathy and lack of commitment. The most exciting period of political life however were elections. In this period appeared many articles analyzing and criticizing politics and party’s activity in Poland. Otherwise the elections time political life was relatively calm, sometimes disturbed by occasional ventures.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2013, 18; 60-77
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zakres odpowiedzialności pracodawców wobec rodzin pracowników w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
The Range of Responsibility of Employers Towards Workers’ Families in the Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Grata, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965215.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
labour market
the Second Republic of Poland
social security
J23
N34
Opis:
The aim of this article is the presentation of the range of responsibility of employers towards workers’ families in Poland in the interwar period. The article also shows how these duties were realised. This problem appeared in Europe with the development of a social insurance programme and labour law. The Second Republic of Poland built its own law system for employees’ families. It included health insurance and benefits, families’ pensions and funeral allowances. Certain obligations were also imposed on employers in the context of labour law. The most important was the obligation to open nursery schools for children of women who worked in factories.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 2
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Naród bez broni”. Niechęć do służby wojskowej w II Rzeczypospolitej z przyczyn religijnych
Autorzy:
Kasprzycki, Remigiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Second Republic of Poland
religious sects
military service
II Rzeczpospolita
związki wyznaniowe
służba wojskowa
Opis:
Pre-war Poland was inhabited by dozens tens of thousands of Adventists, Baptists, Bible Students, Pentecostalists, as well as members of many other minor Christian Churches. A large number of those believed in the inerrancy of the literal Scriptures and insisted the Bible was literally true which meant for them an uncompromising objection against military service with the use of arms. Some also objected to their swearing of the military oath.
Przedwojenną Polskę zamieszkiwało kilkadziesiąt tysięcy adwentystów, baptystów, badaczy Pisma Świętego, zielonoświątkowców, a także wielu innych przedstawicieli mniejszych wyznań chrześcijańskich. Wielu spośród członków tych wspólnot religijnych literalnie odczytywało słowa Pisma Świętego. Przesłanie biblijne oznaczało dla nich bezkompromisowy sprzeciw wobec służby wojskowej z bronią w ręku. Niektórzy nie zgadzali się również na złożenie przysięgi wojskowej. 
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Historyczny; 2019, 126, 1
0023-5903
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Historyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
NA DRODZE DO PUBLICZNEJ SŁUŻBY ZDROWIA. MEANDRY POLITYKI ZDROWOTNEJ DRUGIEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ
THE ROAD TO PUBLIC HEALTH: HEALTH POLICY DIFFICULTIES IN THE SECOND REPUBLIC OF POLAND
Autorzy:
GRATA, PAWEŁ
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
health care
health policy
public health service
social policy
the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
In the Second Republic of Poland health protection was insufficiently developed. There were very few doctors, nurses and hospitals. Only people who were insured or the wealthy had access to medical treatment. The majority of citizens, especially rural resi-dents, could not use health care. The health policy of the state was passive for many years. Changes appeared only in the mid-thirties. The aim of health policy was a public health service for all citizens. The authorities declared their support for this idea on a number of occasions and the parliament accepted the law of public health in June 1939. It was the basis for the construction of common access to healthcare in Poland. To achieve this aim, health centres were built and the compulsory medical practice for the doctors was introduced in villages. The beginning of the Second World War prevented the enforcement of this Act. However, the attempt to create a public health service made in the Second Republic of Poland was a proof of progress which has been made in state health policy.
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2016, 14, 3; 129-143 (15)
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka Czechosłowacji wobec zagadnienia ukaińsiego w kontekście stosunków czechosłowacko- polskich w latach 1918-1938. Zarys problematyki.
Politics of Czechoslovakia in View of Ukrainian Issues in the Context of Czechoslovak-Polish Relations in the years 1918-1938. Outline of Aspects
Autorzy:
Stec, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geopolityczne
Tematy:
Czechosłowacja
Ukraina
II RP
zagadnienie ukraińskie
Czechoslovakia
Ukraine
Second Republic of Poland Ukrainian issue
Opis:
Zagadnienie ukraińskie stanowiło stały element w stosunkach polskoczechosłowackich w latach 1918–1939. Należy jednak postrzegać go w odpowiednich proporcjach na tle całokształtu skomplikowanego problemu wzajemnych relacji między tymi krajami. A były one uwarunkowane przede wszystkim przeciwstawnością celów polityki zagranicznej obu państw oraz sporami granicznymi. Ponadto Czesi byli przekonani, iż granice Polski są nietrwałe, zagrożone zarówno od wschodu, jak i zachodu. Polacy również uważali państwo czechosłowackie za sezonowe, narażone na separatyzmy wewnętrzne oraz zagrożone przez roszczenia niemieckie i węgierskie. Praga negatywnie postrzegała przyjazne stosunki węgiersko-polskie oraz zbliżenie Polski z Niemcami w 1934 r. Polska zaś stale protestowała przeciwko polityce asymilacyjnej wobec mniejszości polskiej na Śląsku Cieszyńskim. Czesi z kolei popierali wszelkie ruchy, które mogłyby rozsadzić Polskę od wewnątrz, a ich członkom udzielali schronienia na swoim terytorium. Polacy za to podsycali antyczeskie nastroje wśród nacjonalistów słowackich oraz wspierali ich dążenia separatystyczne. Oba kraje były do tego stopnia zantagonizowane, iż nie były w stanie współdziałać nawet wobec zagrożenia rewizjonizmem niemieckim i wypracować wspólnej polityki obronnej.
International relations between Czechoslovakia and Poland were not at their best between 1918 and 1938. It was due to the contrary goals of both countries’ foreign policy and border dispute. The main theme of disagreement was perception of Russian matter. Czechoslovak politicians wanted Russia to become the main element of geopolitical order in post-war Europe, which would constitute a proper counter-balance for growing power of Germany. This is due to their lack of acceptance for possibility of creating an independent Ukrainian national state. In turn, one of the priority of Polish foreign policy was to break Russia into small nation states and the reduction of former tsarist empire to purely ethnic grounds. Grounds of Central Ukraine were supposed to play a crucial role here. A different vision of the political system in Central Europe and the competition for the role of a regional leader in this part of Old Continent should be also added to the discrepancies between the two counties. Czechoslovakia was largely responsible for the shape of the relationship with Poland. It was consequently trying to weaken Polish position on the international area and to destabilize its internal situation. One of the main tools of this policy became supporting of separatist tendencies and strengthening anti-Polish sentiment that was found among more than five million Ukrainian minority in Second Republic of Poland. At the same time, the policy was implemented in such a way that it did not lead to an open conflict with Poles. For this purpose they used the Ukrainian emigration environment located in Czechoslovakia, which was overwhelmingly hostile towards Poland and Poles and it also had significant influence on fellow countrymen residing there. It could also count on far-reaching assistance of Czechoslovak authorities and facilitations concerning cultural, educational, scientific, and especially political activities. In this environment were born independence organizations Ukrainian Military Organization and Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, which aim was to detach south-east lands from Poland with the tacit consent of Czechoslovak politicians.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geopolityczny; 2014, 8; 63-83
2080-8836
2392-067X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geopolityczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The problem of “legal bigamy” in the light of the rulings of the District Court in Poznan
Autorzy:
Paciorkowski, Szymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
marriage law
legal bigamy
divorce
The Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The purpose of the paper is to present the problem of so-called “legal bigamy” in the light of the rulings of the District Court in Poznan. The marriage law regulations in The Second Polish Republic were completely different in various parts of the country and attempts to unify them failed. This situation caused significant problems: for example, many civil courts refused to recognize some of the divorce judgments issued by church courts in the former Russian partition because of their improper jurisdiction. The paper focuses on two matrimonial cases that were ruled upon by the District Court in Poznan. In both cases the District Court in Poznan was to decide whether divorce judgments issued by the church court of the Polish Orthodox Church in Warsaw were also binding in the former Prussian district.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2013, 2; 15-28
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The problem of multiculturalism on the example of Belarusian, Lithuanian, Jewish, Silesian and Tatar minorities in the perspective of the security of policy in the second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Landmann, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/347410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
security
multiculturalism
Second Polish Republic
national minorities
social politics
Opis:
The article is an attempt to analyse the problem of multiculturalism on the example of the influence of the five minority communities listed in the title in the perspective of the security of Poland in the period between 1918 and 1939. The considerations presented in this article are an addendum to the issues related to the policy of the authorities of the Second Republic of Poland on national minorities and its influence on the internal security of the state. This subject was undertaken by the Author earlier when he analysed the activity of the representatives the German and Ukrainian minority. The article presents potential factors which can destabilise internal security, especially at the social level, as a result of forces in the environments of the indicated national and ethnic minorities in the II RP. The presented arguments allow to conclude that during the whole interwar period the II RP authorities had to struggle with multiculturalism related to the presence of Belarusian, Lithuanian, Jewish and Silesian minorities because in their environment centrifugal forces were occurred many times and posed a threat to the internal security of the newly re-established Polish state. What is more, it turned out that the social and cultural policy of the II RP was not sufficiently wide-ranging for the above mentioned minorities. However, there were also other factors which constituted serious obstacles in pursuing the policy of efficient integration in the II RP society. It is possible to indicate here as an example the aversion of numerous representatives of these minorities to the social policy imposed by the Polish authorities, major discrepancies in the leading integration vision between significant political factions and also the influence of external propaganda and agitation influencing these minorities.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2017, 1; 61-81
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Women Police in Interwar Poland in the Light of Reports from Inspections Carried out by Stanisława Paleolog
Autorzy:
Gołdyn, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375176.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
women police
State Police
Stanisława Paleolog
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
Although the genesis of women police dates back to 1925, not much information on the activities of this formation has been preserved until today. It is known that it was established on the initiative of the Polish Committee for the Fight Against Trafficking in Women and Children and its main goal was to fight prostitution, to prevent women from being taken out of the country and exploited for work as prostitutes, and later also to take care of children. The formation was supervised by lt. Stanisława Filipina Paleolog. Her duties included controlling female police officers in terms of their task performance, as well as taking care of new candidates. In the article, on the basis of archival documents, the author analyses control reports and protocols drawn up during that period, on the basis of which it is possible to reconstruct, at least partially, the history of Polish female police officers in the late 1930s.
Źródło:
Internal Security; 2020, 12(2); 275-286
2080-5268
Pojawia się w:
Internal Security
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Debate Over the Economic Role of the State in Poland in the Works of the Representatives of the Kraków School, the Leviathan Organization and the First Economic Brigade in the Years 1919–1939
Autorzy:
Jarosz-Nojszewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390807.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
statism
interventionism
Polish economic thought
the Second Polish Republic
Opis:
As Poland regained independence in 1918, it immediately had to deal with the question of how to shape its political and economic system. One important but at the same time controversial issue was the level of the state’s involvement in the economic life of the country and the measures used. In numerous debates among economists, the dominant topics included problems in the industry - in particular issues such as statism, monopolization, policy towards cartels and, in the later period, economic planning. The article presents the course of the discussion on the role of the state in the economy that took place in Poland in the years 1918-1939, as well as a review of arguments put forward by the proponents and opponents of state’s economic interventionism. For the purpose of this article, three groups that were most active in the debate were selected: the Kraków School, the Leviathan organization and the First Economic Brigade.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2017, 35; 27-46
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social insurance in the Second Republic of Poland. Social advantage or the policy of caution
Autorzy:
Chylak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-04-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
Social insurance
Social policy
Social advantages
Opis:
Social insurance was conceived from a great thought of the social caution, from the thought of protection of an uncertain future. That thought of caution, during the time of development of social insurance, was implemented by the public entities on the one hand and by the civil activity on the other one. However, the process of creation of the social insurance system in Poland did not represent the policy of caution executed by the state. The only sign of caution could be seen with reference to the insurance associations as there the participants decided whether to enter the system or not whereas the state executed the policy of giving privileges to the certain social groups.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2015, 33; 37-54
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Watchmen or Guards? The Prison Guard in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Rodak, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601723.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Prison Guard
prisons
Second Polish Republic
penology
criminals
Polska
Opis:
The officer core of the Prison Guard (Straż Więzienna, SW), a formation established only as late as 1932, emerged from the narrow circle of persons associated with the Prison Section, which emerged in 1918. Its membership consisted of a small cadre of Polish guards who had gained experience in prisons controlled by the occupying powers. Unless they had worked in prisons before 1918, the rank-andfile of the SW consisted of demobilised and/or retired soldiers as well as of would-be or ex-policemen. ‘Street people’ in many cases, they treated the work as temporary or took it up as an easy job. The reality they faced on the other side of the wall quickly verified their convictions about the task they had accepted. As a result, the ranks of the SW were given to heavy rotation, evident up to 1939. Employees of the interwar prison system did not enjoy much public regard; for some, leaving the army to become a prison guard felt like social degradation. Aside from a few minor exceptions – such as prison breaks, stories of convict abuse – this peculiar group of workers was generally absent from the public narrative of the re-established state. Naturally, its problems were debated among experts, but these debates did not seep into the press as often as those concerning the police. For many years after 1918, the SW continued to be perceived through the nineteenthcentury image of the guard as watchman, a personification of the oppressive partition governments. SW functionaries associated with the labour union established in 1932 as well as the Przegląd Więziennictwa Polskiego (Polish Penal Review) magazine took up the daunting task of improving that image.The article provides an analysis of their efforts, attempting a response whether their goals were achieved, at least to a degree. My focus is on the public perception of the formation, while I also try to establish whether its foundation and development was perceived as a success (as was the case, for instance, with the police). My interests, however, are not limited to the media and public image of the SW corps, but also include the conditions under which its members laboured. In this context, I am particularly interested in the realities of the prison corridor; in the article, I attempt to describe the tenor of the relations between guards and prisoners in contemporary prisons (especially the prevailing aggression). Finally, I pursue a reconstruction of the image/s of the SW created by convicts, with particular focus on the significance of the change associated with the year 1918.My analysis leads to somewhat pessimistic conclusions. The major changes involved in the professionalization of the cadres and partial implementation of the prison reform that also affected the SW do not appear to have been satisfactory. Attempts to dismantle stereotypes of the guards could only achieve limited success, and the SW remained a formation of thoroughly dubious quality.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2018, 118
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bogactwo i ubóstwo etniczne w Afryce Północnej. Polscy Tatarzy w Egipcie, Algierii i Maroku w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
The etjnic poverty and wealth in North Africa. The Polish Tatars in Egypt, Algeria and Morocco during the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Chazbijewicz, Selim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Polish Muslims
North Africa
Polish Tatars
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The author of the article forwards the question about the case of the relationship of Polish Muslims community during 1918-1939 with Muslims in the Middle East. The Polish Tatars as a Muslims propagated an idea of relationship between Europe and Islamic East through the Tatars group in Poland. Some leaders of PolishTatars, Olgierd and Leon Kryczyński visited Egypt and Morocco and promoted Polish Muslims tradition as connection between European and Eastern civilizations. During the Second Polish Republic, Polish government especially Marshall Pilsudski promoted organizations of Polish Tatars e.g. The Culture and Education Union of Polish Tatars (activity during the years 1925-1939).
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2011, 12 - Problemy bogactwa i biedy we współczesnej Afryce; 561-566
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wychowanie w blasku sztuki
Autorzy:
Henryk, Depta,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-02-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
university; teacher education; Second Polish Republic
development of pedagogy
Opis:
The article is an attempt to define the role that art plays – may/should play – in the education of modern man. The scope of this “great role of art in the life of modern man” was presented in the works of Irena Wojnar and Bogdan Suchodolski – the authors of the Polish theory of aesthetic education. For the author of the article, the important role of art lies in the fact that it breaks the inertia of our sensitivity, our perceptual patterns, the coldness of the heart. In our times it is art – or maybe only art! – that allows modern man, at least partially, to satisfy the hunger for meaning. Art is an attempt to overcome the insufficiency of our human existence. To overcome and enrich! By showing man not just what he is but what he would like to be, what he should be, art creates a truly human vision of the art of life. That art is great entertainment is another happy circumstance for aesthetic education. We love and choose art because it is simply amusing. Studies show that art is educationally attractive – especially for children and adolescents – because it is also an attractive entertainment. The power and the beauty of aesthetic education lie in the fact that it is an education which is also a noble entertainment.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2017, 62(4 (246)); 61-72
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pierwsze miesiące działalności sądów pokoju w Apelacji Poznańskiej w 1920 roku w świetle akt Sądu Apelacyjnego w Poznaniu
The first months of the activities of the courts of peace in the Court of Appeal in the Poznan circuit in the light of the court files from the Court of Appeal in Poznan
Autorzy:
Paciorkowski, Szymon Paciorkowski
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
courts of peace
justices of peace
Polish Second Republic
Court of Appeal in Poznan
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to present the activities of the courts of peace in the Court of Appeal in the Poznan circuit in the Polish Second Republic in the first months of their existence in 1920. The courts of peace were established in the former Prussian partition by the Polish authorities because of the shortage of Polish legal professionals. Justices of the peace were appointed from the local citizenry and most of them had no formal legal education. The article, which is primarily based on the study of court files from the Court of Appeal in Poznan, deals with selected problems concerning the implementation of the courts of peace, like issues connected with the appointment of new justices and the financial compensation for their activities at court.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2015, 5; 9-22
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praktyka i myśl edukacyjna Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej - w 90 rocznicę odzyskania niepodległości
Practice and Educational Thought of the Second Republic of Poland at the 90th Anniversary of Regaining Independence
Autorzy:
Jamrożek, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956561.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
practice and educational thought
Second Republic of Poland
praktyka i myśl edukacyjna
Druga Rzeczypospolita
Opis:
The situation of the Republic of Poland, which was revived in 1918, in the educational field was dramatically difficult. As a consequence of partitions, the Second Republic of Poland inherited a relatively high rate of analphabetism (over 6.5 million analphabets, which constituted approximately 33% of the entire population of the country older than 10 years). As a result of individual differences in the economic, political, social and legal systems of the states occupying Poland, the educational system on the Polish territories at the threshold of independence was largely different with regard to the number of schools, the organization, program and didactic assumptions. The reborn Polish state was confronted with an important task of unifying the system and the level of education. It must be emphasised that this task was actually accomplished. In this regard, an especially important role was fulfilled by the Act on the Educational System passed by the Sejm on March 11, 1932 (the act conclusively dissolved the remains of the educational legislation of the states which partitioned Poland). In the interwar Poland, not only the school system but also the so-called extraschool education developed. The period of the Second Republic of Poland was also the time of explosion of pedagogic thought. The most important theoretical trends in the educational sciences emerged at that time, primarily: “psychological pedagogy and the related great movement of New Education (progressive education)”, “sociological pedagogics (social pedagogy)”, “cultural pedagogy (humanistic, personalistic pedagogy)”. A special object of reflection on education in the Second Republic of Poland and of controversy in the pedagogics of the twenty years between the First and the Second World War in Poland was the question of the educational aims. In the period until 1926 the dominant trend influencing the educational practice to the largest extent was the so-called patriotic education, whereas in the subsequent years citizenship education prevailed.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2008, 24; 121-126
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Edukacja dzieci żydowskich w Tarnowie w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
Education of Jewish children in Tarnów in the period of the Second Republic
Autorzy:
Juśko, Edmund
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044104.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Teologiczno-Pastoralny im. św. bpa Józefa Sebastiana Pelczara
Tematy:
II Rzeczypospolita
Żydzi
Tarnów
szkoły żydowskie
Second Republic of Poland
Jews
Tarnow
Jewish schools
Opis:
In the interwar period, children and youth of the Jewish minority in Tarnow have the opportunity to attend various types of schools; religious, public and private, general, private, secondary and vocational schools. Two private secondary schools deserve special mention: Private Junior High and Coeducational High School of the Society of the Jewish General School and Middle School „Safa Berura” established in 1927 and the Private Coeducational Gymnasium Association of Jewish Teachers of General and Secondary Schools founded in 1937. Their creation was an expression of local intellectual aspirations Jewish community and allowed the graduates of the already existing school universal to continue teaching in general and Judaic program. Despite the difficult conditions in which they operated and the criticism conservative circles, were factors strengthening not only Jewish, but also Polish national and cultural identity. Qualified teaching staff provided students with education in line with the requirements imposed by the Polish state with simultaneous consideration of the Hebrew language and Judaic subjects. This allowed for the revival of the national Hebrew language and encouraging patriotism in relation to Palestine and promoting ethical principles of Judaism among Jewish youth.
Źródło:
Resovia Sacra : Studia Teologiczno-Filozoficzne Diecezji Rzeszowskiej; 2020, 27; 319-342
1234-8880
Pojawia się w:
Resovia Sacra : Studia Teologiczno-Filozoficzne Diecezji Rzeszowskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prometeizm i koncepcja Międzymorza w praktyce polityczno-prawnej oraz dyplomacji II RP
Prometheism and conception of Intermarium in political and legal practice and diplomacy of the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Cieplucha, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/595834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
Międzymorze
prometeizm
II RP
Intermarium
prometheism
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The Author demonstrates the influence of prometheism and the political, legal and institutional conception of Intermarium and the diplomacy of the interwar Poland as a necessary provision of the security against the aggression of the former invaders. In the first place author presents the definitions of prometheism and Intermarium. He describes the impact of the most important, political and legal ideas in Poland before World War II. To do so the Author presents a dispute between the National Democracy, the political group of Marshal Józef Piłsudski and the environment of the youth conservatives. Representatives of national thought postulated the creation of a unified state in terms of ethnic. They were sceptical about building the Central and East European block. In turn, Pilsudski’s environment and youth conservatives proposed the creation of a strong alliance between states of Central and East Europe. In the same time they supported the independence movements in the Soviet Union. Author also points out an example of the “Grabski Education Act” and the activities of the Eastern Institute in Warsaw. In this context, he analyses the impact of prometheism and the conception of Intermarium on the legal and institutional life of the Second Polish Republic. In the last part of the article he presents the polish diplomatic efforts in the first years after Poland regained independence. These diplomatic attempts were aimed to create a coalition of countries in Central and East Europe. The main purpose of this coalition was to defend the common interests of the new states against the Russian and German threat.
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2014, XCIII (93); 39-55
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Faculty of Theology of the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius 1919–1939
Autorzy:
Przeniosło, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668708.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Universities in the Second Polish Republic
theology
professors
students
Opis:
The Faculty of Theology was one of the smallest at the SBU, both in terms of the number of employees and students. In its first year of existence, there were only two professors employed at the FT. In the following years, there were 4–5 professors and since the academic year 1935/1936 from 6 to 8. They were all Catholic priests. In the first year, only eight people signed up for the classes at the FT and in the two consecutive years there were 12 and 27 students respectively. In the following years, these numbers increased considerably. The number of students at the FT increased steadily until 1930/1931, when 183 students enrolled, then started decreasing.The Council of the Faculty of Theology of the SBU was a small structure. It consisted of only a few people. Throughout the interwar period there were five Deans at the FT. Despite the small number of professors at the FT, the representatives of the Faculty were chosen as Rector of the SBU. The Rectors from the FT were: Czesław Falkowski and Aleksander Wóycicki.As for the process of teaching, the students of the FT of the SBU were always divided into two lecture groups: one consisted of clerics of the Vilnius Seminary and the other of lay people and priests. The studies lasted five years, every year (in June) students had to take a promotional exam before the commission and a failed exam could be retaken in September, once again, with the consent of the Faculty Council.
Źródło:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2015, 5, 2
2391-6559
2083-8018
Pojawia się w:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Nie łzawe wspomnienia dawnych bojów, ale realna nauka z przeszłości”. O świętowaniu rocznicy niepodległości w szkołach II Rzeczypospolitej refleksji kilka
Autorzy:
Katarzyna, Buczek,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
school
state holiday
Independence Day
The Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The article discusses the question of celebrations of Poland’s Independence Day – November 11th. The tradition of celebrating state holidays in Polish schools dates back to the era of the National Education Commission, which in 1783 ordered official celebrations of the centenary of king John III’s victory over the Turks at Vienna. After 123 years of foreign subjugation, which broke the connection between the citizens and the state, Poland returned to the tradition of celebrating state holidays in schools. Several brochures with proposed event scripts, poems, and small plays were published in order to ensure the celebrations would be given an appropriate flair. “Płomyk”, a magazine for slightly older children, was also involved in the preparation for independence anniversary celebrations. The issue of celebrating state holidays in schools was also considered within teaching theory: on the one hand, they were considered very valuable educationally – particularly for instilling patriotic and civil virtues, on the other, it was remarked that the students were bored with the ceremonies.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2018, 63(4(250)); 56-71
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozwój koedukacyjnego średniego szkolnictwa ogólnokształcącego w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Katarzyna, Dormus,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
co-education
secondary schooling
Second Polish Republic
interwar period
Opis:
During the late 19th century and early 20th century, co-education on a secondary school level was still a source of controversy, resulting in a public discussion. The first co-educational secondary schools in the Polish territories were established over the course of the First World War. During that time, in light of a realistic chance for Poland to regain independence, the teaching community undertook discussions regarding the shape of education in independent Poland. Still, many people still viewed co-education with a degree of doubt. In the interwar period, however, the number of public and private co-educational secondary schools increased. They were located primarily in smaller cities. Additionally, men usually represented the majority of students. This dynamic was a result of allowing women to attend institutions that had originally functioned as all-male schools, thus creating a coeducational schooling system. The level of education in these institutions was generally low.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2018, 63(4(250)); 44-55
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Studium wolne” a zagadnienie kształcenia nauczycieli szkół średnich na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Kalina, Bartnicka,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892541.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-10-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
development of pedagogy
teacher education
university
Opis:
In 1918, Poland’s education authorities began to build a uniform school system. Improving secondary education and organising teacher education were important tasks. In the 1870s education in Galicia was Polonised (including universities in Cracow and Lviv), and a system of secondary school teacher education was established. Candidates were educated at university philosophical faculties. Qualifications were obtained after passing state examinations in content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge. University studies in the Second Polish Republic were organised according to the principles of “free study”, which educated researchers. A vast majority of students undertook studies to prepare for the teaching profession. The article deals with the adjustment of ministerial regulations and studies at the Faculty of Philosophy (later Faculty of Humanities and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences) at the University of Warsaw to the needs of vocational education of teachers. Since 1926, future researchers and future teachers were subject to the Master’s degree regulations. The choice of career in teaching or in academia began only after obtaining a Master’s degree. Additionally, teachers needed to acquire theoretical and practical pedagogical qualifications: during a one-year or two-year pedagogical program organised by Bogdan Nawroczyński at the Faculty of Humanities. This period saw the development of pedagogical research and an increased interest in pedagogy.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2017, 62(3 (245)); 86-111
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Military and Civilian Requisitions in Light of the Rulings of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal from 1923 to 1931
Autorzy:
Konarski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
administrative justice
military requisitions
civilian requisitions
Opis:
The institution of military and civilian requisitions is inextricably linked with the obligation to comply with public burdens and contributions, and it may be applied both in wartime and in peacetime. In-kind contributions in the form of requisitions by competent State authorities of items necessary to serve an unspecified public purpose, usually to meet the needs of the army, have from time immemorial been among the most onerous burdens to benefit the State. Requisitions – the subject of this analysis – constitute a means of searching for items that are of interest to the army and are a direct form of duty imposed on individuals to make them contribute to the public administration, thus constituting a breach of the principle of the inviolability of private property rights. The main focus of this discussion, however, is not an analysis of the substantive legal aspects concerning requisitions, but an analysis of the body of administrative rulings on these matters. Military requisitions constituted the basis of the system of wartime contributions that gave the State, through authorized bodies, the right to demand these contributions from the population, in particular the right to transfer to the State, in return for payment, ownership or the right to use movable and immovable property, directly or indirectly needed for the purposes of supplying the army and the state upon the outbreak of war or the ordering of a partial or general mobilisation. Some cases that found their way to the Supreme Administrative Tribunal in the first years of its existence resulted from complaints against the activities of military requisitioning bodies, mainly during the Polish-Bolshevik War. Civilian requisitions, on the other hand, became the subject of the rulings of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal as a result of complaints over the obligation to provide housing for servicemen and civilian officials in the first years of a reborn Poland, the direct cause of which should be attributed to the dramatic shortage of housing during the first years after the end of the First World War.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 201-222
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Samoistny podatek wyrównawczy wśród działań na rzecz równoważenia budżetów gmin wiejskich w Polsce międzywojennej
Autonomous countervailing tax among measures aimed at balancing the budgets of rural communes in interwar Poland
Autorzy:
Witkowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
municipal taxes in the Second Republic of Poland
municipal finance in the Second
Republic of Poland
autonomous countervailing tax for rural communes
Opis:
In order to ensure the balance of budgets of local government associations in interwar Poland, it was often necessary to establish additional sources of income, not provided for in the Act of 11 August 1923 on Temporary Regulation of Municipal Finance (in force until 1946). These included, among others, an autonomous countervailing tax for rural communes, which in its original form was in force only in 1924 and only in the territory of the former Russian partition. Later legislation systematically extended the time during which rural communes (from 1931 onwards in the whole country) could charge an autonomous countervailing tax. It turned out that this temporary tax — in the intentions of the legislator — survived to the end of interwar Poland and was the most significant revenue item among the budgets of rural communes.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 525-557
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polsko-francuskie stosunki gospodarcze w okresie międzywojennym: nowe postulaty badawcze
Autorzy:
Ambrochowicz-Gajownik, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/437038.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej. Katedra Studiów Interkulturowych Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Tematy:
Druga Rzeczpospolita
Trzecia Republika
służba konsularna
dyplomacja
ekonomia
The Second Republic
the Third Republic
consular service
diplomacy
economy
Opis:
Polish-French economic relations in the interwar period: new research postulates Summary: Economic relations of the Second Polish Republic with the French Third Republic were derived directly from political relations between these two states. Because of its position in the international arena, France set the terms of trade exchange which the Polish side was supposed to comply with. It stemmed from the economic hardship Poland was experiencing at that specific time. One possible solution was acquiring considerable French funds. The flow of goods in both directions took place, primarily, by sea, and control over the import of French products was exercised by the Polish consulates in France. Despite the increasing circulation of goods, facilitated by the newly-signed treaties and economic agreements, the overall trade balance was negative. The great economic crisis in the thirties intensified in France the use of quota policy elements, which negatively affected the bilateral relations. In these circumstances, Poland began to seek other methods of selling its domestic products, especially, to distant continents – Africa, the Middle and Far East.
Źródło:
Przegląd Środkowo-Wschodni; 2016, 1; 182-211
2545-1324
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Środkowo-Wschodni
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ścieżki kariery prawniczej sędziów okręgowych w Zamościu w niepodległym Państwie Polskim (do 31 grudnia 1928 r.)
Legal career paths of district judges in Zamość in the independent State of Poland (until 31 December 1928)
Autorzy:
Bereza, Arkadiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/927115.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
general judiciary
regional court
Zamość
regional judges
examining magistrates
peace magistrates
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The Regional Court in Zamość was established on 1 June 1918. When Poland regained its independence, it was staffed by the President, 4 regional judges, one of whom was a vice-president, 4 examining magistrates, a prosecutor and 3 subcurators. By the end of 1928, preceding the introduction of the judicial reform, there were 2 vice-presidents, additional posts for regional judges, a reserve examining magistrate and a sub-prosecutor. The President of the Regional Court in Zamość at that time was Romuald Jaśkiewicz. The first structure of the court was based on lawyers of Galician provenance, but most of them were soon transferred to the former Prussian Quarter in order to strengthen the Polish judiciary organised there, or left to serve in new central institutions of the Reborn Polish State. The vacant positions were filled by local sub-curators, examining judges and magistrates, as well as lawyers coming to the country from Russia, which was engulfed in civil war, who often had extensive judicial experience. The stories of their return to their homeland illustrate the complicated fate of Poles in the civil war-stricken Russia. It was very difficult to recruit local sworn attorneys or notaries for courts in Zamość. The reason was not only a small number of lawyers of Polish origin in the eastern part of the former Lublin province, but also the low salary of the regional judge. Already in that period, examining judges, and sometimes sub-curators and magistrates, were sent to substitute trainee judges, which became the norm over time. The personnel turnover in these positions was high, sometimes associated with promotion to the positions of regional judges. In the years 1918—1928, 6 examining judges, 2 sub-curators and 5 magistrates of the peace were promoted directly to the positions of regional judges in the Zamość region. Some distinguished judges, after being retired, received lucrative notarial positions. Among them was President Romuald Jaśkiewicz and 4 regional judges.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 475-493
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Żołnierz i duszpasterz. Działalność duszpasterska księdza protoprezbitera ppłk Szymona Fedorońki w Wojsku Polskim w latach 1922 – 1940
A Soldier and Chaplain. The Pastoral Activity of Fr. Protopriest Lt Col Szymon Fedoronko in the Polish Army, 1922-1940
Autorzy:
Grzybowski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/494488.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Naukowe Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Warszawie
Tematy:
II Rzeczpospolita
prawosławie
Wojsko Polskie
duszpasterstwo wojskowe
The Second Republic
Orthodox
Polish Army
military chaplaincy
Opis:
Artykuł traktuje o losie ks. protoprezbitera ppłk Szymona Fedorońki, kapelana wojskowego wyznania prawosławnego w odrodzonym Wojsku Polskim. Duchowny znakomicie zapisał się w dziejach Kościoła prawosławnego i sił zbrojnych II Rzeczypospolitej. W oparciu o źródła archiwalne Autor omawia kolejne etapy jego służby duszpasterskiej w wojsku – od szefa duszpasterstwa wojskowego w Przemyślu i Lublinie do naczelnego kapelana wyznania prawosławnego Wojska Polskiego i męczeńskiej śmierci w niewoli sowieckiej. Szlaki żołnierski i kapłański duchownego zostały ukazane na tle wydarzeń politycznych, które wówczas się dokonywały w kraju. Autor ukazuje m.in. najważniejsze problemy, z którymi musiał zmierzyć się kapelan pracujący na mieszanym narodowościowo i wyznaniowo terenie.
The article deals with the fate of Fr. Protopriest Lt Col Szymon Fedoronko, who was was an Orthodox military chaplain in the reborn Polish Army. Th e priest has gone down in the history of the Orthodox Church and the armed forces of the Second Republic. Based on archival sources, the Author discusses the successive stages of his pastoral ministry in the army beginning with the head of the military chaplaincy in Przemysl and Lublin through the Orthodox chief chaplain in the Polish Army to his martyrdom in Soviet imprisonment. His life’s path as a soldier and priest is presented against the background of the political events that were taking place in the country at the time. The author shows, among other things, the most important problems the chaplain had to face working in an ethnically and religiously mixed area.
Źródło:
Rocznik Teologiczny; 2018, 02; 209-236
0239-2550
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Teologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Jewish minority in the Second Polish Republic: the activities of the Board of the Jewish Community in Lvov during the years 1919–1924
Mniejszość żydowska w II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej: działalność Zarządu Gminy Wyznaniowej Żydowskiej we Lwowie w latach 1919-1924
Autorzy:
Koziński, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450372.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
national issue
The Jews
The Second Republic of Poland
kwestia narodowa
Żydzi
II Rzeczypospolita Polska
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to analyze data on the functioning of the Jewish Community in Lvov during the years 1919-1924. The indicated problems will enable to show the functioning of the Jewish minority in the conditions of the reviving Polish state - both in socio-political terms, and in the organizational aspect. It is particularly important to show the Jewish minority opinion about the conditions of Second Polish Republic. Additionally, this article will help restore the memory of the individual members of the Jewish community in Lvov. The selected issue is a part of the research conducted on a larger scale, whose aim is to enrich knowledge and overcome the deficit of research in the science of politics on the concept of ethnic policy - proposed in the years 1939-1947 by the Polish government in exile. The fundamental finding of the analysis is the fact, that the Board accepted the Polish state and the dominant role of the Polish nation in the system of democratic political power.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza danych na temat funkcjonowania społeczności żydowskiej we Lwowie w latach 1919-1924 Wskazane problemy pozwolą pokazać funkcjonowanie mniejszości żydowskiej w warunkach ożywienia państwa polskiego – zarówno pod względem społeczno-politycznym, a także w aspekcie organizacyjnym Szczególnie ważne jest, aby pokazać opinię żydowskiej mniejszości o warunkach życia w II Rzeczypospolitej Dodatkowo, artykuł pomoże przywrócić pamięć o poszczególnych członkach społeczności żydowskiej we Lwowie Wybrane zagadnienie jest częścią badań prowadzonych w większej skali, których celem jest wzbogacenie wiedzy i zmniejszenie deficytu badań w nauce o polityce w sprawie koncepcji polityki etnicznej – zaproponowanej w latach 1939-1947 przez polski rząd na uchodźstwie Podstawowym wnioskiem z analizy jest fakt, że Zarząd zaakceptował państwo polskie i dominującą rolę narodu polskiego w systemie demokratycznej władzy politycznej.
Źródło:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities; 2016, 6; 75-89
2084-848X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polskie prawo prasowe w latach 1919—1939
Autorzy:
Todos, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782582.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
press law
Second Republic of Poland
freedom of speech
the March Constitution
the penal code
Opis:
The view that the press has an almost unlimited power of influencing public opinion is hard to question. For this reason, legal regulations regarding the press have frequently been dependent on the current political system. State authorities, being aware of the impact that the press may have on public opinion, have been eager to create the press law. The years 1919—1939 were a period of increased legislative activity with respect to the press law on the territory of Poland. The legal acts that were passed at that time aimed not only at eliminating particularisms stemming from the regulations practised by the invading countries, but also at shaping the limits of the freedom of press so as to enable the authorities to control the content of the published texts. Therefore, the present article analyses individual press law acts applicable in the years 1919—1939 for the legal structures that affected the degree of freedom of speech granted to the press. Also, an attempt has been made at answering the question whether the contemporary political situation has affected the shape of the press law.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2017, 10; 105-140
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Trzy nierówne połówki” odrodzonej Polski, czyli pierwsze miesiące niepodległości w świetle współczesnych podręczników do nauczania historii w szkołach ponadpodstawowych i ponadgimnazjalnych
“Three unequal halves” of reborn Poland, i.e. the first months of independence in the light of modern history textbooks in secondary and post-lower secondary schools
Autorzy:
Białokur, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Druga Rzeczpospolita
edukacja historyczna
podręczniki szkolne
The Second Republic of Poland
historical education
school textbooks
Opis:
Prezentowany artykuł stanowi próbę ukazania wyzwań, przed którymi stanęła Polska tuż po odzyskaniu niepodległości w 1918 r. Podstawę źródłową artykułu stanowią wydane pod koniec XX i na początku XXI w. szkolne podręczniki do nauczania historii. Tego rodzaju opracowania należą do najpopularniejszych i najważniejszych książek historycznych, o czym decyduje ich charakter i krąg odbiorców.
The presented article is an attempt to show the challenges Poland faced just after regaining independence in 1918. The source of the article are school history textbooks published at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. These types of studies are among the most popular and most important history books, which is determined by their nature and audience.
Źródło:
Studia Podlaskie; 2021, 29; 119-149
0867-1370
Pojawia się w:
Studia Podlaskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
INVENTING INDEPENDENCE. NEGOTIATING THE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY LAW FOR FUTURE POLAND AT THE END OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR
PATENT NA NIEPODLEGŁOŚĆ. PRACE NAD PRAWEM O OCHRONIE WŁASNOŚCI PRZEMYSŁOWEJ DLA PRZYSZŁEJ POLSKI W KOŃCU PIERWSZEJ WOJNY ŚWIATOWEJ
Autorzy:
Łotysz, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-30
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
patent law
industrial property
the Second Republic of Poland
prawo patentowe
własność przemysłowa
II Rzeczpospolita
Opis:
Shortly after Poland regained its independency in November 1918, the Chief of State Józef Pilsudski signed two decrees introducing the patent law in the country and bringing the Polish Patent Office into existence. In recent literature, the introduction of both decrees has been acknowledged as the starting point of legal patent protection in the independent Poland, while it is largely forgotten to whom the whole preparatory work should have been attributed. The draft of the patent law signed by Pilsudski has been worked out well before November 1918, by the Ministry of Industry of the Provisional Council of State of the Kingdom of Poland, a quasi-independent governing body established by the German and Austro-Hungarian occupying forces. This article attempts to reconstruct a contemporary discourse upon that issue, while explaining at the same time the reasons that made the enacted law very much imperfect. This work is based mainly on authentic documents from that era, and, since it uses both legal and technical writings, it is a novel attempt to address this issue. This paper argues that deficiencies of the first Polish patent legislation resulted from inability or, perhaps, unwillingness of the Ministry of Industry to seek advices from the experts in patent law – lawyers and patent agents, unquestionably being the most predisposed to this task.
Wkrótce po odzyskaniu niepodległości przez Polskę w listopadzie 1918 r. Naczelnik Państwa Józef Piłsudski podpisał dwa dekrety wprowadzające prawo patentowe w kraju i ustanawiające Urząd Patentowy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. W najnowszej literaturze wprowadzenie obu dekretów zostało uznane za punkt wyjścia do prawnej ochrony patentowej w niepodległej Polsce, podczas gdy w dużej mierze zapomniano, do kogo należało przypisać całą pracę przygotowawczą. Projekt prawa patentowego podpisany przez Piłsudskiego został opracowany na długo przed listopadem 1918 r. przez Ministerstwo Przemysłu Tymczasowej Rady Państwa Królestwa Polskiego, quasi-niezależny organ zarządzający ustanowiony przez okupację niemiecką i austro-węgierską siły. Niniejszy artykuł próbuje zrekonstruować współczesny dyskurs na ten temat, jednocześnie wyjaśniając powody, dla których uchwalone prawo było bar-dzo niedoskonałe. Praca ta opiera się głównie na autentycznych dokumentach z tamtej epoki, a ponieważ wykorzystuje zarówno pisma prawne, jak i techniczne, jest to nowa próba rozwiązania tego problemu. Artykuł niniejszy dowodzi, że uchybienia w pierwszym polskim prawie patentowym wynikały z niemożności lub, być może niechęci Ministerstwa Przemysłu do szukania porad od ekspertów w dziedzinie prawa patentowego - prawników i rzeczników patentowych, niewątpliwie najbardziej predysponowanych do tego zadania.
Źródło:
International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS); 2018, 3(1); 319-336
2543-7097
2544-9478
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Katedry pedagogiczne na uczelniach akademickich w II Rzeczypospolitej
Autorzy:
Małgorzata, Przeniosło,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/892104.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
history of higher education in the Second Republic of Poland
academic schools
professors
pedagogues
psychologists
Opis:
The interwar system of employing professors at academic schools was based on a limited number of professorial chairs created by the state authorities. The aim of this study is to examine the system itself and its functioning with relation to pedagogy chairs. They were divided into associate chairs (where associate professors were employed) and, more prestigious, full chairs for full professors. The main rules for their employment were formulated in the laws on academic schools. The number of pedagogy chairs created by the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education was very small. This concerned other disciplines as well. Due to the limited number of chairs, the manner of election raised a lot of controversy. The following factors influenced the decision to entrust a chair to a particular professor: opinions collected from professors about the most suitable candidates, academic achievements, possession of habilitation, and often the influence of well-known professors who promoted their own co-workers.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny; 2017, 62(2 (244)); 134-152
0023-5938
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Myśl polityczna i prawna obozu rządzącego w Polsce w latach 1935 –1939. Zarys problematyki
The political and legal thought of the ruling camp in Poland between 1935 and 1939 – general overview
Autorzy:
Chłopecki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/472704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-01
Wydawca:
Collegium Witelona Uczelnia Państwowa
Tematy:
II Rzeczypospolita
obóz rządzący
reforma
koncepcje
the Second Republic of Poland governmental camp,
policies
legislation
Opis:
Tematem jest myśl polityczna i prawna obozu rządzącego w Polsce w latach 1935 –1939. Okres po śmierci Józefa Piłsudskiego i uchwaleniu Konstytucji kwietniowej charakteryzuje się rozbiciem jednolitego do tej pory obozu rządzącego. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań w pracy została postawiona teza, że rozbity po śmierci Piłsudskiego obóz rządzący nie posiadał do momentu wybuchu II wojny światowej jednolitej i spójnej koncepcji państwa i prawa, co z pewnością wywarło wpływ na przygotowanie państwa polskiego do II wojny światowej. Kolejnym wnioskiem wynikającym z pracy jest teza, że państwo polskie po 1935 nie posiadało wszystkich cech ustroju państw autorytarnych, lecz tylko pewne ich cechy, np. silna władza wykonawcza, ograniczenie władzy ustawodawczej, liczne cenzusy w ordynacji wyborczej. Ostatnim wnioskiem jest uwaga, że „testament” pozostawiony przez marszałka Piłsudskiego nie został w pełni wykonany przez jego następców, gdyż obóz rządzący nie był jeszcze gotowy na spełnienie jego ostatniej woli, a wszystkie działania zostały brutalnie zatrzymane przez wybuch II wojny świtowej. Temat ten zasługuje również na szczególną uwagę, gdyż wiele rozwiązań prawnych uchwalonych w tym okresie obowiązywało po II wojnie światowej, np. prawo cywilne, kodeks karny, rozwiązania administracyjne
The subject of this paper is the political and legal thought of the ruling camp in Poland between 1935 and 1939. The period after Józef Pilsudski’s death and the adoption of the April Constitution was characterized by the break-up of the uniform so far ruling camp. Based on the relevant research, it was postulated that the ruling camp, which fell apart after Pilsudski’s death, did not have a uniform and coherent vision of the state and law until the outbreak of World War II, a fact which beyond doubt influenced preparations of Poland for World War II. Another postulate of this paper is that the Polish state after 1935 did not have all the features of the systems implemented in authoritarian countries, but just some of them, which included strong executive power, limitation of legislative power or numerous censuses in the electoral law. The final conclusion is a remark that the ‘will’ left behind by Marshal Pilsudski was not fully executed by his successors, as the ruling camp was not yet ready to fulfill his last will and all their actions were brutally interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. This subject also deserves special attention because many legal solutions adopted in this period were still in force after World War II, for example civil law, the criminal code and administrative solutions
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy; 2017, 2, 23
1896-8333
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reform of the Notaries between 1929 and 1933
Reforma notariatu w latach 1929 – 1933
Autorzy:
Chłopecki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/473072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-01
Wydawca:
Collegium Witelona Uczelnia Państwowa
Tematy:
the Second Republic of Poland
Codification Commission
law
notary
II Rzeczypospolita
Komisja Kodyfikacyjn
prawo
notariusz
Opis:
The paper entitled ‘Reform of the Notaries between 1929 and 1933’ discusses the process of formation of the Polish notary after the country regained its independence. The Codification Commission as well as some eminent lawyers gathered around Leopold Wladyslaw Jaworski and Jakub Glass undoubtedly had a great influence on the creation of organizational and legal structures. The Decree of President Ignacy Moscicki, signed on 27th October 1933 terminated a difficult process which had been permanently investigated by the lawyers and politicians in the Second Republic. The notary solutions developed by them were one of the most modern ones in Europe at that time
Artykuł Reforma notariatu w latach 1929 – 1933 przedstawia proces kształtowania się polskiego notariatu po odzyskaniu niepodległości. Ogromny wpływ na tworzenie się Reform of the Notaries between 1929 and 1933 struktur organizacyjnych i prawnych miała Komisja Kodyfikacyjna oraz wybitni prawnicy, kierowani przez Władysława Leopolda Jaworskiego i Jakuba Glassa. Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Ignacego Mościckiego, podpisane dnia 27 października 1933 r., zakończyło trudny proces kształtowania się notariatu realizowany przez prawników i polityków w II Rzeczypospolitej. Wprowadzone przepisy były jednymi z najnowocześniejszych w tym czasie w Europie.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy; 2018, 1, 26
1896-8333
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koncepcje doktrynalne i wymiar praktyczny postulowanych zmian statutu organicznego województwa śląskiego w okresie II RP
Autorzy:
Drogoń, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
autonomy of the Silesian Voivodeship
organic statute
Silesian Sejm
unification
the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
After gaining independence, the Second Republic of Poland had to face many challenges, among which the unification of the political system was the most important one. It determined the stability of life, the homogeneity of the political system, the elimination of regional particularisms, and the construction of the basis which would unite social structure. This process faced obstacles that were frequently impossible to overcome. It was vital to reconcile contradictions with challenges imposed by various factors based on inner conditioning and additionally reinforced with a catastrophic economic situation, with a complex social and national condition, as well as international situation. The newly‑ established Silesian voivodeship was one of those regions where most of the aforementioned problems were especially pronounced. It was connected with a vast decentralization which took the form of the autonomy that was granted to this voivodeship. The present article discusses only a handful of examples that depict the conflicts which in practical terms manifested the differences concerning the extent of autonomous rights that had been attributed to the Silesian voivodeship. At that time, the conflicts were not accompanied by the doctrinal debate nor by any other legal discussion on the matter in question that would specify mutual relations between the central government units and the autonomous authorities, mainly the Silesian Sejm. The problem of the autonomy of the Silesian Voivodeship and the constitutionality of the organic statute became the subject of a serious doctrinal discussion after the adoption of the April constitution in 1935. The changes that had been introduced had a considerable influence on some political solutions of the Silesian voivodeship. This direction seemed to confirm the thesis about the inevitability of serious changes in the political structure of this voivodeship. The adoption of one of the two solutions, namely either the abolishment of the political system that guaranteed autonomy or its deep reconstruction, was just a matter of time.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2017, 10; 141-161
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
German preparations for the war in the light of documents of the Polish military intelligence (1933-1939) – selected aspects
Niemieckie przygotowania do wojny w świetle dokumentów polskiego wywiadu wojskowego (1933-1939) – wybrane aspekty
Autorzy:
Nowacki, Krzysztof
Szymanowicz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30146056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
Wehrmacht
Second Republic of Poland
Third Reich
military intelligence
II Rzeczpospolita
III Rzesza
wywiad wojskowy
Opis:
As a result of the Treaty of Versailles the provisions concerning the issue of limitation of the armed forces were imposed on Germany. These provisions were unilaterally terminated by Germany two years after Adolf Hitler had come to power. There was introduced general and compulsory military service. On 21st May 1935, Hitler – as the Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor – signed the secret Reich Defence Law, which gave the Wehrmacht command wide powers to expand the army. Thus, the intensive development of the German army was initiated. After the Nazi Party came to power in Germany, gaining new information by the Polish military intelligence became increasingly difficult. It was connected with the expansion of the German counter-intelligence services, especially the Gestapo, as well as the police supervision over the German society. Through good operational work of the Polish intelligence the Polish side already before the outbreak of the war was relatively well familiarized with the particular phases of the overall German army’s armaments, as well as the German operational doctrine and methods of warfare.
Traktat wersalski narzucał Niemcom m.in. ograniczenia dotyczące liczebności i uzbrojenia niemieckich sił zbrojnych. Niemcy starały się obchodzić je bardzo dyskretnie, w tym również dzięki współpracy ze Związkiem Sowieckim. Sytuacja zmieniła się diametralnie po dojściu do władzy Hitlera, który już w 1935 r. wprowadził ustawę zwiększającą, wbrew traktatowi wersalskiemu, liczebność armii niemieckiej, a także wprowadzającą zakazane rodzaje uzbrojenia. Od tej pory nastąpił jawny i gwałtowny rozwój armii niemieckiej oraz przemysłu zbrojeniowego, co z wielką uwagą obserwował polski wywiad wojskowy. W kolejnych latach powstawały raporty polskich służb wywiadowczych na temat powiększającego się niemieckiego potencjału militarnego i jego możliwości w trakcie zajmowania przez wojska III Rzeszy Austrii, Czech czy Kłajpedy. Niektóre z tych raportów bardzo trafnie przewidywały, jak będzie wyglądała strategia i taktyka Wehrmachtu w zbliżającym się konflikcie zbrojnym.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2019, 51, 2(192); 253-265
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kresy Wschodnie w białoruskiej szkolnej narracji
Eastern Borderlands in narration of the Belarusian school
Autorzy:
Boridczenko, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1941713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Białoruś
historia
II Rzeczpospolita Polska
Belarus
history
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
Problemem podjętym w artykule jest sposób przekazu przez system edukacji szkolnej Republiki Białoruś wiedzy dotyczącej znajdowania się części ziem Białorusi w granicach II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Głównym uzasadnieniem wyboru tematu jest to, iż odpowiednio sformułowany program nauczania może wpływać na kształtowanie świadomości narodowej. Praca oparta jest na oryginalnych wynikach badań materiałów szkolnych używanych w systemie szkolnictwa Republiki Białoruś. W ramach rozprawy został opracowany model teoretyczny przedstawienia kresów w okresie międzywojennym w literaturze szkolnej Białorusi. Znaczącym elementem w badaniu jest uwzględnienie autorskich intencji zawartych w tekście oraz celowo stworzonego przez białoruskich historyków wizerunku Polaków oraz Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej. W wyniku przeprowadzonego opracowania został wyszczególniony charakterystyczny sposób postrzegania przez system białoruskiej edukacji II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, a także procesów odbywających się w tym okresie na ziemiach Zachodniej Białorusi. W rozprawie przyjęto tezę, zgodnie z którą Republika Białoruś w podręcznikach dla uczniów stwarza obraz wroga zewnętrznego, którego rolę w jej przypadku pełni Polska oraz Polacy.
The article considers the issues of teaching history in the school of Belarus thematically related to the Western Belarus in 1921-1939, when that territory was a part of the Second Polish Republic. The main relevance of this article is connected with the importance of the knowledge obtained by the people in school education, which becomes the fundaments of knowledge of the population masses. This work is based on the original results of the study of the school textbooks. All analysed books have a certificate of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus, which means that they are used in the teaching process in schools. The article presents information about the text of the Belarusian school textbooks and creates theoretical basis related to that theme. The main focus of the article is focused on the study of school texts’ intentions and understanding of the terms in which they create an image of the Polish nation and an image of the Polish Republic. The result of the work is presented as detailed characteristic of ways in which Belarusian school precipitates time period between 1921-1939. Also, it has characteristics of the description of the processes accompanying the Western Belarus lands under the Second Polish Republic rule.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2018, 57; 141-157
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Retirement privileges of civil servants in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Jarosz-Nojszewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-04-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
pensions
civil service
pension cover
social insurance
Opis:
During the times of the Second Polish Republic the civil servants, teachers, the military, postal and railway workers were not covered by the universal social insurance, because before the social insurance act came into force, they were covered by pension systems guaranteeing more advantageous benefits. Persons working in state administration had a privileged position compared to the employees in general, both in terms of the scope and level of the benefits and their entire coverage by the State. The level of the pensions depended on the years of service and after 10 years of service amounted to 40% and was increasing every year by 2.4% or 3% up to 100%. The civil servants acquired the right to the pension already after 10 years and as of 1934 after 15 years of civil or military service. In special cases they were entitled to pension after 5 years already.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2015, 33; 55-68
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niektóre aspekty procesów narodotwórczych na Polesiu w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w świetle badań terenowych Józefa Obrębskiego
Autorzy:
Ablamski, Pavel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678421.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Polesie
Second Polish Republic
Józef Obrębski
Belarusian identity
Ukrainian identity
Opis:
Some aspects of nation-forming processes in Polesie in the interwar period in the light of field studies of Józef ObrębskiThe article presents the problem of shaping national identity in the Polesie voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic in the light of ethnosociological research by Józef Obrębski. The researcher's theses were confronted with sources created by three entities that both registered and directly influenced the nationalization process of the Polesie population. They included state administration, national movements (Ukrainian and, to a lesser extent, Belarusian and Russian), and the communist movement. From the moment of arrival in Polesie, Obrębski's expedition clashed with the brutal principles of nationality policy implemented by the voivode Wacław Kostek-Biernacki. Due to the significant difficulties in field work, the theses regarding the problem under consideration are sometimes hidden between the lines, but they are devoid of shades of conformism. The quoted source material positively verifies Obrębski's field observations regarding the intensity and territorial scope of the process of nationalization of the Poleshuks and its features in particular areas of the Polesie voivodeship. Niektóre aspekty procesów narodotwórczych na Polesiu w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w świetle badań terenowych Józefa ObrębskiegoW artykule przedstawiono problem kształtowania się świadomości narodowej mieszkańców województwa poleskiego w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w świetle badań etnosocjologicznych Józefa Obrębskiego. Tezy badacza zostały skonfrontowane ze źródłami, wytworzonym przez trzy podmioty, które zarówno rejestrowały, jak i bezpośrednio wpływały na procesy nacjonalizacji ludności Polesia. Należały do nich: administracja państwowa, ruchy narodowe (ukraiński oraz w mniejszym stopniu – białoruski i rosyjski) oraz ruch komunistyczny. Od chwili przybycia na teren Polesia ekspedycja Obrębskiego zderzyła się z brutalnymi zasadami polityki narodowościowej, wdrażanymi w życie przez wojewodę Wacława Kostka-Biernackiego. Ze względu na istotne utrudnienia dla pracy w terenie, tezy dotyczące rozpatrywanego problemu niekiedy ukryte między wierszami, są jednak pozbawione odcieni koniunkturalności. Przytoczony materiał źródłowy pozytywnie weryfikuje terenowe obserwacje Obrębskiego odnośnie do intensywności i zasięgu terytorialnego procesu unarodowienia Poleszuków oraz jego cech na poszczególnych obszarach województwa poleskiego.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2019, 51
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezpieczeństwo militarne II Rzeczypospolitej – aspekty wewnętrzne
Autorzy:
Jaczyński, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811270.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-11
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
bezpieczeństwo militarne
II Rzeczypospolita
military safety
The Second Polish Republic
Opis:
Polska po 123 lat niewoli, odradzała się w złożonej sytuacji politycznej i gospodarczej. Dwaj główni sąsiedzi – Niemcy i Rosja Radziecka – byli wrogo usposobieni do państwa polskiego. Toteż oba te państwa prowadziły wobec Polski politykę nieprzyjazną. Niemcy starały się lansować na arenie międzynarodowej tezę o tymczasowości polskiej państwowości, a Rosja Radziecka, mimo deklarowanego oficjalnie prawa do samostanowienia narodów byłego imperium rosyjskiego, nie zamierzała zaakceptować istnienia „burżuazyjnej” Polski. Źle ułożyły się także, stosunki z Czechosłowacją i Litwą. Granice II Rzeczypospolitej, ukształtowane na mocy decyzji wersalskich i ryskich, zostały ostatecznie uznane w marcu 1923 r. Terytorialny kształt państwa nie był korzystny, a nadmiernie wydłużone – łącznie 5534 km długości – nieregularne granice nie miały, poza południową granicą z Czechosłowacją, naturalnych właściwości obronnych. Co gorsza, najbardziej rozciągnięte były granice z potencjalnymi przeciwnikami Polski, a więc z Niemcami – 1912 km (w tym z Prusami Wschodnimi 607 km) i z sowiecką Rosją (od 30 grudnia 1922 r. ZSRR) 1412 km. Dysproporcja między długością granic a obszarem państwa polskiego oraz niekorzystna sytuacja polityczna na granicy zachodniej, wschodniej i północnej, postawiły Polskę już u zarania niepodległości wobec konieczności przygotowania się do obrony we wszystkich niemal kierunkach. Podstawowe wnioski płynące z analizy położenia geopolitycznego II Rzeczypospolitej to: niekorzystne linie granic oraz osamotnienie na arenie międzynarodowej, zarówno w sensie polityczno-militarnym, jak i gospodarczym. W Polsce od chwili odzyskania niepodległości dostrzegano istnienie i narastanie zagrożeń – bezpieczeństwo zewnętrzne miała zapewnić silna armia i sprawny system obronny. Modernizacja armii z lat 1936–1939 nie doprowadziła jednak do złagodzenia dysproporcji pomiędzy Polską a Niemcami i ZSRR, zwłaszcza w nowoczesnych środkach walki. Słabym ogniwem polskiego systemu bezpieczeństwa państwa było także planowanie wojenne.
After 123 years under rules of partitioning powers, Poland regained its independence in a complex political and economic situation. The two main neighbors – Germany and the Soviet Russia – were hostile to the Polish state. Thus, the policies of both countries toward Poland were hostile. Germany sought to persuade international community that the Polish state was a temporary one, and the Soviet Russia, even though it officially declared the right of self-determination to the nations of the former Russian empire, was not going to accept the existence of "bourgeois" Poland. Polish relations with Czechoslovakia and Lithuania turned out to be bad as well. The boundaries of the Second Polish Republic, determined by decisions of Versailles and Riga treaties were finally recognized in March 1923. The territorial shape of the country was not favorable, and the excessively elongated – a total of 5534 km in length – irregular boundaries lacked, except from the southern border with Czechoslovakia, the natural features making them suitable for defence. What’s worse, the most stretched borders were those of the potential adversaries of Poland, so the border with Germany – 1912 km (including 607 km with the East Prussia) and of the border of the Soviet Russia (since 30 December 1922. the USSR) 1412 km. The disproportion between the length of the borders compared to the territory of the Polish state and the unfavorable political situation along its western, eastern and northern borders, forced Poland to prepare for defence in almost all directions since its very first days of independence. The basic conclusions of the analysis of the geopolitical position of the Second Polish Republic include: unfavorable borders, and its isolation in the international arena, in terms of both political and military, and economic relations. Since the independence was regained, there was an awareness in Poland about existence and growth of threats – external security was to assured by strong armed forces and an efficient defense system. However; he modernization of the armed forces between 1936 and 1939 did not alleviate the military disparity between Poland and Germany and the Soviet Union, especially in the modern weapon systems. The weak link in the Polish state security system was also war planning.
Źródło:
DOCTRINA. Studia Społeczno-Polityczne; 2016, 13, 13; 61-74
1730-0274
Pojawia się w:
DOCTRINA. Studia Społeczno-Polityczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poland A and Poland B – Developmental Disproportions on Polish Lands in the 19th and 20th c. (Prior to 1939).
Autorzy:
Grata, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/960026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
developmental disproportions
Second Republic of Poland
Poland A and Poland B,
Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski
Central Industrial District
Opis:
The problem of developmental disproportions occurring within a state is not an uncommon phenomenon, and the case of Polish lands is one example of it. As a result of numerous disadvantageous conditions, Polish lands experienced dramatic developmental differences, which fully came to light in the interwar period, when the territories which had belonged to the three partitioners of Poland were incorporated into the Second Polish Republic. The disproportions were so deep that a much better developed Poland A and a much more backward Poland B (situated east of the Vistula River) were distinguished in the state. The scale of the differences was reflected in many economic and social indices, ranging from population density, to the degree of urbanisation processes and sources of population income, to the state of transportation infrastructure, to the involvement of workforce, to the production of basic goods. An attempt to reduce the disproportions was the establishment of the Central Industrial District in the mid-1930s and the Fifteen Year Plan for the state’s development prepared by Deputy Prime Minister Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski (1888–1974). These plans were thwarted by the outbreak of WWII, and the developmental disproportions on Polish lands, despite the post-war change of state borders, remain visible even today, especially in territories that were part of Poland B before 1939 (today Podkarpacie, Lubelskie, Podlasie Voivodeships).
Źródło:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia; 2018, 13; 33-48
2084-4409
Pojawia się w:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kształtowanie się ustroju II Rzeczpospolitej w aspekcie zrównoważonego rozwoju
Shaping the settings II Republic in terms sustainable development
Autorzy:
Sobkowicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-06
Wydawca:
Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Raciborzu
Tematy:
Sustainable Development
System of the Second Republic of Poland
Head of State
Small Constitution
Legislative Sejm
Opis:
The process of development of system of the Second Republic of Poland and expectations of sustainable development of the state was presented in the article. Tradition of Polish parliamentary system was outlined and its difference in comparison with parliamentary systems of other European countries was presented. Polish state, reviving after the period of the Partitions, was trying to refer to this tradition, adjusting it to legal structure of modern liberal-democratic country. Accession of the Second Republic of Poland to the group of countries having liberal-democratic constitution was not automatic transfer of social, economic and mental structure. March Constitution and relations between legislative and executive power were also examined. Electoral law and election campaign to the Sejm as the factors having impact on specific composition of parliament were presented. The impact of political divisions in the Sejm on the possibilities of forming potential coalitions and on presidential elections was also shown.
Źródło:
Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development; 2018, 2(95); 59-67
1897-2349
2657-5760
Pojawia się w:
Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish Sports Congresses as a way of promotion and popularization of women’s physical education and sport in the period of the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Drozdek-Małolepsza, Teresa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
physical education
sport
sports congresses
the Second Polish Republic
women
Opis:
In the interwar period of the 20th century the interest in women's physical education and sports movement in Poland increased. The issue of women's physical education and sport was a subject of debates of Polish sports congresses. An important role in formulating the assumptions and programme of the development of women's sport was played by the 2nd Polish Sports Congress (1927). The assumptions of sports congresses resulted in the activity of women's sections and clubs. Sports organizations and associations took intensified action to promote women's hygiene and health. Propaganda activities were reinvigorated in relation to women's physical education and sport through the organization of conferences, courses or camps. Women were active within the structures of sport in Poland, among others they sat on boards of sports associations and clubs. Departments for women's physical education and sport operated at the State Office of Physical Education and Military Training.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2017, 5; 176-187
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czasopismo „Głos Szkoły i Rodziny” (1925-1926) źródłem do rozważań nad współpracą domu ze szkołą w okresie II RP
Głos Szkoły i Rodziny Journal (1925-1926) as a Source of Contemplation of Family and School Cooperation in the Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Gołdyn, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/923137.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
education
school
family home
the Second Polish Republic
newspaper
Płock
Opis:
To recall the history of education, for example in the period of the Second Polish Republic, it is necessary to resort to many sources. One of them, extremely important, are newspapers, which help to reconstruct discussion about some essential issues in a given period. Głos Szkoły i Rodziny periodical was issued in Płock in the years 1925-1926. The periodical was meant as a space for discussions and exchange of experiences about the family and school cooperation. While this aim may not have been reached, the newspaper is an interesting record of the history of education between 1918 and 1939, especially on the topic of the influence of the family home on school and vice versa.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2018, 50; 159-168
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan sanitarny miast i wsi powiatu płockiego w okresie Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Sanitary condition of the towns and villages in the county of Plock during the Second Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Szczepański, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466652.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Płockie
Tematy:
stan sanitarny
powiat płocki
Druga Rzeczpospolita
sanitary condition
county of Plock
the Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia stan sanitarny miast i wsi powiatu płockiego w okresie Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej.
The article presents sanitary condition of the towns and villages in the county of Plock during the Second Republic of Poland.
Źródło:
Rocznik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego; 2014, 6; s. 168-185
0860-5637
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The beginnings of the Polish Arms industry in the Second Polish Republic"Arma" : the Arms and Machines Factory in Lviv
Autorzy:
Ostanek, Adam Adrian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Obronnej
Tematy:
arms industry
Second Republic of Poland
Lviv
factory
"Arma"
przemysł zbrojeniowy
II Rzeczpospolita
Lwów
fabryka
„Arma”
Opis:
The purpose of this study is to introduce the operation of the Arms and Machines Factory "Arma" in Lviv. It was one of the first armaments companies in the Second Republic. The company made great contributions to the work of rebuilding Poland after the end of World War I, and from then on, by fulfilling the orders of the Polish Army, had an impact on the security and defense of the country. The study is based on archival materials collected in Poland and Ukraine, published sources, the press and scientific studies.
Źródło:
Wiedza Obronna; 2022, 3; 363--375
0209-0031
2658-0829
Pojawia się w:
Wiedza Obronna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawo obwinionego do obrony w postępowaniu dyscyplinarnym urzędników skarbowych w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
The Accused’s Right to Defense in Disciplinary Proceedings of Tax Clerks in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Bednaruk, Waldemar
Nieścior, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29551740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
right to defense
tax officials
disciplinary process
law of the Second Republic of Poland
public administration
Opis:
Prawo oskarżonego do obrony jest podstawową zasadą procesu sądowego. Musi być przestrzegane również w postępowaniu dyscyplinarnym. W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie czy przepisy dyscyplinarne w zakresie tytułowego zagadnienia spełniły swoją rolę. Analizę przeprowadzono na podstawie przedstawienia dynamicznych zmian ówczesnego prawodawstwa, wraz z ukazaniem praktycznych zastosowań właściwych norm prawnych. Opracowanie jest uzupełnieniem istniejącej luki w badaniach nad tym zagadnieniem.
The right to defense of the accused is a basic principle of the judicial process. It must also be respected in the disciplinary process. The article presents an attempt to answer the question whether the disciplinary regulations for tax officials in the Second Republic of Poland fulfilled their role.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2022, 32, 4; 27-37
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Protection of Client’s Interests, as Arising from the Right (Requirement) to Rely on Legal Professional Privilege in China, Compared to Polish Solutions – the Development of the System. Part II
Autorzy:
Bednaruk, Waldemar
Kisiel, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1803179.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-28
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
history of the Bar
the Second Republic of Poland
the Polish People’s Republic (PPR)
historia adwokatury
II Rzeczpospolita
PRL
Opis:
Ochrona interesów klienta wynikająca z prawa (obowiązku) zachowania tajemnicy adwokackiej w Chinach na tle rozwiązań polskich – narodziny systemu. Część II. Rys historyczny rozwiązań polskich od upadku I Rzeczypospolitej do czasów współczesnych Po długotrwałym okresie rozwoju rodzimej kultury prawnej, systematycznego wzrostu znaczenia palestry w życiu społeczno-politycznym kraju oraz umacniania jej wpływów, nastąpił czas zdecydowanie gorszy dla prawników. Utrata niepodległości na ponad sto lat i konieczność funkcjonowania w strukturach monarchii absolutnych wywołały szereg negatywnych skutków we wzajemnych relacjach adwokatów z ich klientami, przede wszystkim w zakresie prawa do zachowania tajemnicy adwokackiej. Kolejne stulecie zaś, mimo odzyskania niepodległości przez Polskę, przyniosło nowe, trudne wyzwania w procesie kształtowania stosunków uczestników postępowania sądowego.
The Protection of Client’s Interests, as Arising from the Right (Requirement) to Rely on Legal Professional Privilege in China, Compared to Polish Solutions – the Development of the System. Part II. A Historical Overview of Polish Solutions from the Fall of the First Republic of Poland until Modern Times After a long period of the native legal culture development, a systematic increase in the importance of the Bar in the social and political life of the country and the strengthening of its influence, there was a period much worse for lawyers. The loss of independence for more than one hundred years and the necessity of functioning in the structures of absolute monarchies caused many negative effects in the mutual relations between attorneys and their clients, primarily in the area of the legal professional privilege. Despite the fact that Poland regained its independence, the next century brought new, difficult challenges in the process of shaping the relations between lawsuit participants.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2019, 28, 2; 7-17
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
WYCHOWANIE EKOLOGICZNE W DRUGIEJ RZECZPOSPOLITEJ
ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN THE SECOND REPUBLIC OF POLAND
Autorzy:
Wolter, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/550053.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
wychowanie ekologiczne, Druga Rzeczypospolita, natura, kultura,
dziedzictwo narodowe
Ecological education, cultural heritage, the second Republic of
Polska
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest analiza, interpretacja oraz krytyka celowo wybranych przykładów źródeł drukowanych w zakresie wychowania ekologicznego w Polsce międzywojennej (1918-1939). Stanowią antecedencje najnowszych kierunków rozwoju edukacji ekologicznej w Polsce, a także są wpisane w pozytywny status tradycji – dziedzictwa kultury polskiej. W omawianym okresie historycznym zwrócono uwagę na wartość zależności natury i kultury, a wychowanie ekologiczne do ochrony środowiska życia pojmowane było jako działalność ujmowana w kategorii prądu kulturowego – wartości kulturotwórczej związków człowieka i środowiska przyrody. Wyjaśniano, że kultura jest częścią środowiska życia, a jakość środowiska społeczno-przyrodniczego oraz myślenia i działania w kategoriach ekologicznych stanowi implikację całokształtu dziedzictwa kultury polskiej, tzn. w/w problemy nie powinny być wyjaśniane oddzielnie, lecz systemowo i wieloaspektowo.
The aim of article is to analyze, criticize and interpret deliberately selected examples of printed sources – within the scope of ecological education in the Republic of Poland between the two World Wars (1918-1939). The said sources constitute antecedences of the newest directions of ecological education development in Poland, as well as they form a positive status of the tradition – Polish cultural heritage. During the discussed historical period one’s attention was drawn to the value of close relation between the nature and culture, and ecological education for the environment protection was understood as a social activity expressed as a cultural trend – culture – forming value of relations between a man and the natural environment. It was explained that culture forms a part of the environment whereas quality of the social and the natural environment as well as thinking and acting in terms of ecology constitute implication of the entirety of Polish cultural heritage, i.e. the aforementioned issues should not be discussed separately, but from the perspective of many aspects and a systemic approach.
Źródło:
Forum Pedagogiczne; 2011, 2; 119-147
2083-6325
Pojawia się w:
Forum Pedagogiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Un éclairage sur les debats actuels: Pierre-Joseph Proudhon et la critique de la democratie representative
The Shedding of Light on the Current Debate: Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and his Criticism of Representative Democracy
Autorzy:
Chambost, Anne-Sophie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/926101.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Republican Camp
political and social reforms
Revolution of February
presidential system
France
Second Republic
Opis:
In 1848, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809–1865) refused to yield to the enthusiasm of the Republican Camp about universal suffrage and the link established between political and social reforms. In his first book published after the Revolution of February (La solution du probléme social), he questioned the legitimacy of the republican conception of representation. But if the short history of the Second Republic soon confirmed his fears about the abuses inherent in representation, his criticism of universal suffrage sounds still useful when we want to apprehend the present day debate devoted to direct democracy. In any presidential system, the time of elections becomes the moment when a nation looks at themselves. In France, as in many other western countries, the elections bring substantial debates about the democracy. In 2007, the calls for direct democracy made up a central point of political debates and were related to a long time defiance to the representative system. They strangely echoed the debates that took place in the Second Republic after the deputies’ betrayal of the electoral law of May 31, 1850. In the article we show how Proudhon’s political thought can help us think about direct democracy.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2011, 4; 53-66
2084-4115
2084-4131
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
[Recenzja]: O niepodległości ekumenicznie. Wyznawcy różnych Kościołów dla Rzeczypospolitej (1918-1939), red. Sabina Bober, Sławomir Jacek Żurek, Towa¬rzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego Jana Pawła II, Lublin 2018, ss. 260, ISBN 978-83-7306-825-4
Autorzy:
Flaga, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2088463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-06
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
independence
churches
ecumenism
Second Republic of Poland
interwar period
niepodleglość
kościoły
ekumenizm
II Rzeczpospolita
okres między¬wojenny
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2021, 116; 573-578
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pojęcie „socjalizmu” w myśli politycznej Alexisa de Tocqueville’a
The notion of „socialism” in political thought of Alexis de Tocqueville
Autorzy:
Scovil, Jonathan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195055.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Alexis de Tocqueville
socjalizm
wolność
Rewolucja Francuska
II Republika Francuska
socialism
freedom
French Revolution
French Second Republic
Opis:
The article presents an analysis of an original conception of socialism outlined in the works of Alexis de Tocqueville. The author begins with a brief presentation of historical context in which the views of French thinker were shaped, referring to his experiences from the period of the July Revolution of 1830 and the February Revolution of 1848. The author goes on to detailed analysis of his definition of socialism, making an indispensable reference to his republican conception of freedom and the role of a citizen in democracy. Finally, the author looks at Tocquevillian vision of genesis of socialist ideas, associated by him with anxiety, which democratic system inevitably generates.
Artykuł stanowi analizę oryginalnego ujęcia socjalizmu, zarysowanego w pismach Alexisa de Tocqueville’a. Autor wychodzi od nakreślenia historycznego kontekstu, w jakim kształtowały się poglądy francuskiego myśliciela w tym obszarze, odnosząc się do jego doświadczeń z okresu rewolucji lipcowej 1830 r. oraz rewolucji lutowej 1848 r. Następnie przechodzi do szczegółowej analizy jego definicji socjalizmu, czyniąc niezbędne odwołanie do wyznawanej przez niego republikańskiej koncepcji wolności i roli, jaka przypada obywatelowi w demokracji. Na zakończenie autor przygląda się Tocqueville’owskiej wizji genezy myśli socjalistycznej, wiązanej przez arystokratę z niepokojami, jakie nieuchronnie rodzi system demokratyczny.
Źródło:
Świat Idei i Polityki; 2017, 16; 30-41
1643-8442
Pojawia się w:
Świat Idei i Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Organizacja Monarchistyczna w województwie pomorskim (1925–1927). Geneza – środowisko – formy działania
The Monarchist Organisation in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1925–1927): Origins – Social Environment – Activities
Autorzy:
Łaszkiewicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1059245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
monarchism
conservatism
political life
political parties
second polish republic
pomeranian voivodeship
Opis:
Monarchist ideas after the First World War were introduced to Polish political life by student circles. It took the first years of activity to crystallize the programme, which finally led to its revival and establishing contacts with well-known representatives of conservative circles. These activities resulted in the establishment of the Monarchist Organisation in Poznan in 1925, whose operations soon included the area of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, largely owing to its interim president, Józef Bolesław Robakowski, who came from that region. Considering the leadership and financial background of the new organization, its establishment and development should be connected with the landed gentry’s attempt to counteract the agricultural reform, which was adopted with the support of the National Democracy in summer 1925. The postulate of the restoration of the monarchy was based on the pre-war sense of order, which was very widespread, especially in Western Poland. The right-wing sympathies spread among the inhabitants of this region gave hope for the support of a movement that appealed to nationalism, Catholic faith and royal authority. The Pomeranian landed gentry was, however, divided in the assessment of this political movement, and some influential activists explicitly distanced themselves from such views. These views seemed to be detrimental to the common interests of landowners and owners of smaller farms, which had been developed in the region for years. After two years of activity, the Monarchist Organisation merged with the All-Estate Monarchist Organisation, the Pomeranian leaders of the royalist movement joined the conservatives who had already been supporting the political movement of ‘Sanation’. The Monarchist Organisation turned out to be an anachronistic group and did not gain much public support. Nor did it find unequivocal approval among the Pomeranian landed gentry which had been subjected to social modernization for a long time. With a more pragmatic approach, the organization was able to effectively pursue its political goals in the following years.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2020, 85, 1; 123-140
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Mogę dostarczyć Panu tyle kobiet, że można by niemi wypełnić cały okręt”. Handel ludźmi w Warszawie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego
Autorzy:
Zakrzewski, Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-07-30
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
II Rzeczpospolita
historia
handel ludźmi
Second Polish Republic
history
human trafficking
Opis:
W Warszawie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego miał miejsce handel ludźmi na bardzo dużą skalę. Zagraniczni i polscy handlarze wyszukiwali swoje ofiary najczęściej wśród biedniejszych warstw społecznych, wykorzystując przy tym wiele wymyślnych sposobów oraz łatwowierność swoich ofiar. Trasy wywozu kobiet z Warszawy wiodły do Ameryki Łacińskiej, Afryki Północnej, Europy Zachodniej i Azji. Duża część zarówno handlarzy jak i ofiar była pochodzenia żydowskiego. Państwo Polskie prowadziło walkę z handlem ludźmi najróżniejszymi sposobami. Władze II RP mogły liczyć na wsparcie ze strony działaczy społecznych zrzeszonych w prężnie działającym Polskim Komitecie Walki z Handlem Kobietami i Dziećmi.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Kryminologiczny; 2015, 22; 102-126
2084-5375
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Kryminologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Międzywojenni kasiarze. Analiza środowiskowa na przykładzie Warszawy
Inter-war period safe-breakers. An environmental analysis based on Warsaw
Autorzy:
Rodak, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Druga Rzeczypospolita
kasiarze
Warszawa
przestępczość
Second Polish Republic
Warsaw
criminality
safebreaker
Opis:
The interwar period is sometimes described as the golden era of safe-breakers. This era is said to have begun at the beginning of the twentieth century, whereas the second half of the 1930s marks its end. The largest group of safe-breakers was comprised of criminals from Warsaw (over 200 people). This article attempts to analyse this environment with additional elements of prosopography. I would like to answer the question of who these safe-breakers of Warsaw during the interwar period were and to attempt to reconstruct the courses of their ‘careers’ alongside the question of motive. An especially interesting aspect is their social background. The article concludes with thoughts on the connections between the reality at that time and the current idea of an interwar safe-breaker.
Okres międzywojenny bywa nazywany „złotą erą kasiarzy”. Jej początek datuje się na przełom dwóch pierwszych dekad XX w. Jednocześnie druga połowa lat 30. to zmierzch kasiarskiego świata. Najliczniejszą w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej grupę kasiarzy tworzyli przestępcy warszawscy (ponad 200 osób). Artykuł stanowi próbę analizy środowiskowej z elementami prozopografii. Szukam odpowiedzi na pytania o to, kim byli warszawscy kasiarze okresu międzywojennego. Szczególnie interesujące pozostaje zagadnienie dotyczące ich pochodzenia społecznego, a także próba rekonstrukcji przebiegu ich „karier” przestępczych oraz pytanie o motywacje. Artykuł kończą rozważania dotyczące relacji między ówczesną rzeczywistością a funkcjonującym obecnie obrazem międzywojennych kasiarzy.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2019, XLI/1; 497-536
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Together but Apart: University Experience of Jewish Students in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Aleksiun, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Second Polish Republic
Jewish students
Jewish student organizations
‘ghetto benches’
Polonization
Opis:
This paper examines the experiences of Jewish university students in Warsaw, Lvov, Wilno and Cracow, focusing on their interactions with each other as well as with other students. These experiences are divided into three categories: daily encounters and mutual relations (or the lack thereof), the vision of the academic community to which the students aspired, and Jewish students' reactions to antisemitism. I argue that for many Jewish students, these daily university experiences both on campuses and beyond strengthened their sense of being outsiders. Having been excluded from most of the general student organizations they had to form their own, which limited their interactions with other students even further, and, above all, strengthened feeling that they were being singled out and victimized.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2014, 109
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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