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Wyszukujesz frazę "Post-Communist" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
The Contemporary Context of Youth Socialization: The Specificity of Post-Communist Countries
Autorzy:
Szafraniec, Krystyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-20
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
socialization
youth
post-communist countries
Opis:
The article focuses on the attempt to define socialization specificity in post-communist countries without which the understanding the youth’s characteristics and (in particular) their role in further system transformation is limited. We reconstruct the new logic in creation of a socio-cultural space in which the youth grow up (emphasizing the importance of national trajectories of departing from communism, and on the other, inevitability of globalization with its specific cultural offer). Socialization space is seen as a Lewin’s active field of coexisting, interdependent social facts through focusing on such significant socialization agendas as: the mass media, the state, religions and Churches, the school, the family, peers and the internet. The style in which these agendas appear in the socialization field increases its dimorphic nature, which in turn will not support the youth socialization, and it seems not to generate the conditions for the young generation of a historical chance.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2017, 198, 2; 167-188
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ukraine’s Population Compared to European Post-Communist Countries in 1990 and 2020
Autorzy:
Matviyishyn, Yevhen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-01-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
demography
Ukraine
European post-communist countries
Opis:
The aim of the study is to present the changes in the population and its demographic structure in Ukraine compared to other European post-communist countries. Classic demographic indicators were applied. In comparison to other analyzed countries, Ukraine has an average pace of population decline, a low aging rate and a persistently clear advantage of the number of women over men. This is the result of all three factors: loss of part of the territory with the population inhabiting it, natural decrease and negative migration balance.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2022, 11, 4; 46-54
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowi Londyńczycy. Polscy emigranci na dużym (i małym) ekranie
New Londoners. Polish Immigrants on the Silver (and TV) Screen
Autorzy:
Heuckelom, Van, Kris
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/511507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Polish labour immigrants
post-communist
Londyńczycy
Opis:
The article focuses on growing presence of Polish labour immigrants in contemporary European cinema and TV fiction. Striking differences are observed between pre¬ 1989 and post¬ 1989 productions on the subject of labour migration. Whereas older films tend to depict Polish job¬ seekers as unfortunate troublemakers, films set in the post¬ communist period seem to convey increased social interaction between newcomers and local people which need not be hostile. This is usually represented by a motif of an interethnic love story. As such, recent European productions depart from the traditional portrayal of immi-grants in post¬ war Polish film “as an anomaly from the norm and a problem for which somebody is to blame,” as Ewa Mazierska puts it (2009; 123). Similarly, post¬ 1989 represen-tations of Polish labour migrants in European cinema differ significantly from the image created in recent Polish drama series Londyńczycy (Londoners, 2008–2009) where stress is laid on the strong cohesive spirit within the Polish migrant community rather than the motif of a (happy) interethnic romance.
Źródło:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne; 2010, 1(5); 165-176
1898-1593
2353-9844
Pojawia się w:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of financial systems in 1995-2014 – a factor analysis
Autorzy:
Iwanicz-Drozdowska, Małgorzata
Smaga, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580611.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
post-communist countries
financial system
factor analysis
Opis:
The aim of the research was to analyse financial system development patterns for both 19 post-communist European economies and 21 non-post-communist (advanced) countries over the 1995-2014 period. The use of a factor analysis allowed for identifying two unobservable factors which account for most of the variance of the 9 observed variables characteristic of the economic and financial development, the banking sector’s standing and the structure of the financial sector. Identified factors represent the financial system development and growth of the banking sector, but their roles differ among the analysed groups of countries. The banking sector is a significant driving force of development in both cases. Yet, in advanced economies, a certain role is also played by the stock market, which is not the case for post-communist countries. The results show that there is higher homogeneity in the financial system development patterns in post-communist countries, while the roles of both factors are more heterogeneous among advanced economies. Lastly, the results provide evidence that the global financial crisis did not cause a permanent structural change in these two processes.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 482; 47-60
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Disengaging News Framing in Ukrainian Press Ukrainian Newspapers against the backdrop of Polish Press
Autorzy:
Ryabinska, Natalya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-09-16
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
post-communist
media
engagement
news
framing
Ukraine
Opis:
Similar to Poland, Ukraine started itsmedia reform in early 90-s. However, different from Poland, media in Ukraine still did not become a true mediator between the authorities, the politicians and the society. This paper is a part of a bigger study 1 which purpose was to compare news framing in Polish and Ukrainian press in 2003 from the perspective of its possible impact on people’s engagement in public life. I traced the use of two news frames having a distinguished positive or negative impact on involvement, the attribution of responsibility and the powerlessness frame, in Ukrainian and Polish quality newspapers [Den’ and Dzerkalo Tyznia, Gazeta Wyborcza, Rzeczpospolita]. The paper concentrates on the Ukrainian media and analyses framing in the Ukrainian news. The results of the study presented here show that Polish newspapers more often enable citizens to participate in political decisions by critically scrutinizing the performance of their elected representatives in office. Different from them, Ukrainian news serve rather for concealment of the responsible policy-makers from public scrutiny, blurring the picture of political life and voicing public frustration with problems, which only contributes to the reproduction of people’s helplessness and passivity in public life.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2008, 163, 3; 311-332
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Post-Communist State Era and Its Impact on Sovereignty: A Case Study of Kosovo
Autorzy:
Salihu, Salihe
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2035683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-04-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Sovereignty
Post-Communist
Disintegration
Former
Yugoslavia
Kosovo
Opis:
Many theoretical perspectives have touched on the concept of sovereignty, but the need for more sovereignty-based discussion in relation to the postcommunist era still exists. The question of sovereignty and its survival in the post-communist era touches on some general features such as the attributes, signs, properties, and conditions of the concept of sovereignty that have evolved. In the case of Kosovo, the issue of sovereignty can be linked to two distinct features, namely democracy and human rights. For Kosovo to be a sovereign state, it had a mandatory prerequisite to fulfil these two features. These features implied the fulfilment of two criteria, in the forms of legality and legitimacy and, in reality, these two criteria stem from the will of the people. This reflection shows that sovereignty in the post-communist era had to be in line with respect for human rights as a feature of the principles of democracy. However, the transition from the communist system to democracy was not an easy one. In this regard, Kosovo has come a long way in achieving sovereignty and managed to be declared a sovereign state in 2008. The conditioning of Kosovo's sovereignty by the above criteria represents the influence of the post-communist era, and its earlier form differs from the prevailing form of absolute sovereignty as it existed, for example, in the former federations of Russia and Yugoslavia. Kosovo's sovereignty is reflected in accordance with the will of the majority of over ninety-five percent of the country's population. Moreover, in Kosovo, minorities have privileges, such as positive discrimination and the special right that constitutional changes on vital issues pertaining to those minorities cannot be made without their vote.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2022, 26, 1; 135-152
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Clientelism and Slovenian Public Administration Reform
Autorzy:
Prijon, Lea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929985.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-01-02
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Slovenia
public administration
bureaucracy
elite
post-communist reforms
Opis:
Since disintegration of former Yugoslavia, Slovenia applied series of reforms in all spheres of life, including public administration. The main reform was contracted on introduction of modern trends in public administration. The article discusses main reforms of Slovenian public administration and their efficiency to change the bureaucratic system into an effective modern one. However, the article aims to understand modern Slovenian public administration within the elitist approach, which seems to explain certain malfunctions of Slovenian public administration after these reforms.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2013, 180, 4; 545-560
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Formation of Local Self-government During the System Transformation Period in Poland and the Former GDR: A Comparative Study
Autorzy:
Jarosz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Polska
Germany
post-communist transformation
local self-government
Opis:
This paper presents changes that have occurred at the local level in Poland and new German federal states during the process of the post-communist system transformation. The stages of rebuilding the local self-government and its structures are analyzed. The experiences of Poland and Eastern Germany – two states where the system transformation took different courses – were compared. At the same time, both countries have different constitutional orders of the unitary state and federal state, and this context are interesting fields for a comparative analysis. This paper also confronts the two methods of institution building – the importing of well-established institutions and developing them in the evolutionary way, where in both cases path a dependency can be well observed. In Germany this is considered a special case (Sonderfall) of institutional transformation, in which the key role was played by the transference of institutions, personnel and financial means. This was also done much quicker and in a more structured and comprehensive way than in Poland. In the case of Poland, the creation of local self-government structures or shaping the political actors was a grassroots and evolutionary process. This article points out the most important factors that had a crucial significance in the course and results of the transformation and explains different ways of developing the system of democratic local self-government.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2018, 4 (47); 679-693
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Социально-психологический подход к изучению электорального поведения населения: сущность и особенности
The socially-psychological approach to the studying of electoral behaviour of the population: essence and features
Autorzy:
Хамутовская, С. В.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/501449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
electoral behaviour of the population,
post-communist countries
Opis:
In article the genesis, essence and the basic features of the sociallypsychological approach to the studying of electoral behaviour of the population, an opportunity of its application in sociological research of electoral behaviour of citizens of the postcomunist countries (first of all the Republic of Belarus) in view of specificity of a condition and development of their political and party system, the legislation of elections and practice of elections are revealed. The interpretations of the socially-psychological approach by various authors – by E. Campbell, P. Converse, U. Miller, D. Nimmo and T. Jungs, R. Rose and U. Mishler and others – are analysed. The works of some Russian authors undertaking attempts on the basis of the given approach to create own models of electoral behaviour are considered, meeting the requirements of the Russian political realities (E. Meleshkina), to reveal the base of party identification of the Russians (V. Iadov).
Źródło:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne; 2012, 2(10); 189-204
1898-0171
Pojawia się w:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Evolution of Corruption Patterns in the Post-Communist Countries
Autorzy:
Cieślik, Andrzej
Goczek, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
corruption
Markov transition probability matrix
post-communist countries
Opis:
In this paper, we study the evolution of corruption patterns in 27 post-communist countries during the period 1996-2012 using the Control of Corruption Index and the corruption category Markov transition probability matrix. This method allows us to generate the long-run distribution of corruption among the post-communist countries. Our empirical findings suggest that corruption in the post-communist countries is a very persistent phenomenon that does not change much over time. Several theoretical explanations for such a result are provided.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 1; 33-53
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Emerging Models of Capitalism in CEE11 Countries – a Tentative Comparison with Western Europe
Autorzy:
Próchniak, Mariusz
Rapacki, Ryszard
Gardawski, Juliusz
Czerniak, Adam
Horbaczewska, Bożena
Karbowski, Adam
Maszczyk, Piotr
Towalski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/629683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
varieties of capitalism, institutions, CEE countries, post-communist capitalism
Opis:
The paper concentrates on the issues of interest representation for non-standard employees. The empirical findings from the European Union (EU) level are used as a frame of reference for analysis of the situation in Poland. Nonstandard employment is an ambiguous notion, so is, naturally, the concept of non-standard workers. In Poland nonstandard employment has been growing, mostly in a form of 'junk jobs'. Trade unions, and other institutional forms of collective interest representation, struggle to endorse problems faced by non-standard employees, with a moderate degree of success.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2016, 7, 14; 7-70
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State identity in Europe today: Some determinants
Autorzy:
Raciborski, Jacek
Rafałowski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903935.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
Tematy:
state identity
national identity
social capital
communist legacy
post-communist countries
Opis:
Objectives: The article is aimed at studying the differentiation of the strength of state identity in selected European countries and attempts to explain the observed tendencies. Research Design & Methods: The empirical part is based upon three waves of the International Social Survey Programme entitled ‘National Identity’. Findings: The results show that state identities in Western European countries are well-developed. Central/Eastern European societies are characterised by lower levels of state identity than Western European ones. We attribute this phenomenon to legacies of the past, especially the to many centuries of economic underdevelopment of the region that was enhanced increased by communism and low levels of social capital in Eastern European societies. Contribution: This study links the state identity of citizens of European countries with their living conditions and past legacies.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2018, 2(44); 5-28
1898-3529
2658-1116
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indebtedness of Polish enterprises compared to selected countries
Autorzy:
Motylska-Kuźma, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
finance management
capital structure
corporate debt
post-communist countries
Opis:
This elaboration aims to analyse and compare the debt of Polish enterprises compared to selected European countries which underwent (like Poland) a system transformation in 90s of the last century. The paper makes use of statistical comparable measures of basic indicators of corporate debt during the transformation up to 2012 and the analysis is based on official statistical data of the Central Statistical Office in Poland and EUROSTAT as well as bases published by OECD. Despite the fact that the system transformation proceeded in a similar way, Czech, Hungary and Poland struggled with much the same problems at the beginning of their „democratic” way, however basic behaviour in the economic sphere began to diverge. The differences translated, first of all, into an image of particular countries in view of potential investors. The way entrepreneurs behaved is not without significance as their activities in particular markets including the risk of doing business which involved applying financial leverage. The recent crisis revealed that Polish enterprise do much better than businesses in Czech or Hungary. One of the reasons might be the level of debt and the risk of conducting a business. It is worthwhile examining differences among the particular countries.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2015, 1; 71-83
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Emerging Models of Capitalism in CEE Countrie – a Tentative Comparison with Western Europe
Autorzy:
Próchniak, Mariusz
Rapacki, Ryszard
Gardawski, Juliusz
Czerniak, Adam
Horbaczewska, Bożena
Karbowski, Adam
Maszczyk, Piotr
Towalski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942329.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
varieties of capitalism
institutions
CEE countries
post-communist capitalism
Opis:
In this paper, we conduct a comparative analysis of the models of capitalism prevailing in the CEE11 countries. Our overriding aim is to find out how similar or dissimilar are these countries to each of the four models of European capitalism singled out by Amable. We compare 11 sample countries (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia) with their peers representing the Anglo-Saxon model (UK), the Continental European model (Germany), Scandinavian model (Sweden), and Mediterranean model (Italy or Spain). Our comparison focuses on six institutional areas: product market competition, labor market and industrial relations, financial system, social protection, knowledge sector, and the housing market, thus extending the original approach adopted by Amable (adding the housing market). We apply our own original methodology based on hexagons. We compare each of the six domains in the CEE11 countries with the reference Western economies using six indicators that best identify the institutional characteristics of a given domain (three indicators represent input variables or the institutional architecture, and three others - output variables or performance of an institutional area). We calculate the ranks of similarity of each indicator for a CEE country to the same indicator for the reference economies. The results of our study show that the CEE11 countries overall (and Poland in particular) exhibit the greatest resemblance to the Mediterranean model of capitalism, while they are the most dissimilar to the Scandinavian model. However, their similarity to the Mediterranean model is strongly determined by output variables or economic performance - in terms of institutional architecture or input variables alone the CEE11 countries are most akin to the Continental European model of capitalism.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2016, 7, 14; 7-70
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Borders as barriers (based on the example of European post-Communist countries)
Autorzy:
Szymańska, Wioletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201784.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
border
barrier
post-Communist countries
Central Europe
Eastern Europe
Opis:
Functions of political borders as a spatial barriers have been analysed in the paper. A direct and an indirect (through the border region) impact of the borders has been distinguished. It was found that intra-EU borders and one between Belarus and Russia play the least direct role as a spatial barrier. By contrast, the worst situation is on the borders of Ukraine with Transnistria, occupied Crimea and the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic and the Luhansk People’s Republic. When it comes to the borderland areas, the worst situation is in the border regions of Ukraine with Russia.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2016, 6, 2; 7-12
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Critical Sociology in Poland and its Public Function
Autorzy:
Kolasa-Nowak, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810947.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-09-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Polish sociology
post-communist transformation
critical theory
public sociology
Opis:
The text describes how the public task of the social sciences could be linked with the practice of critical sociology. Recently, interesting changes have occurred which extend this prospect. In the last years, aside from critical analyses of changing social conditions, there have also been auto-reflections on the social entanglement of knowledge about the transformation. Critical analysis of the public function of scientific diagnoses and the engagement of sociologists is the result of earlier thinking about the model of imitative modernization. The source of the latter’s domination can be sought in the social characteristics of Eastern Europe; the basis is recognition of the area’s historical peripheralness and long-lasting economic backwardness. The growing interest in critical sociology in Poland not only broadens the interpretative palette, but above all raises questions about the originality of interpretations: that is, it addresses the mechanism of import or local creation in the interpretation of social phenomena in the post-communist sphere.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2015, 191, 3; 381-399
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Barriers of the Selection to Secondary and University-Level Education
Autorzy:
Domański, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-12-29
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
educational inequality
barriers of selection
social stratification
post-communist societies
Opis:
This paper analyses educational inequalities in Poland over the last two decades. Using data from national surveys carried out during the period 1982–2002 these results provide insight into the relationship between social origin and transition to secondary schools and university levels. Transition to both secondary school and universities are unquestionably selective by social class. The only question is whether these patterns have changed over the last two decades, when the communist regime collapsed and new inequalities emerged. Previous cross-time analyses for most countries showed a lack of substantial changes in educational inequalities over long periods of time. The main findings of the investigation can be summarised as follows. First, it showed that the effect of the class position of the father significantly increased in the 1990s, and then-until 2002-it declined to the degree of the 1980s, before the communist system collapsed. Second, in accordance with the findings of all previous studies, secondary school transition proved to be more selective as compared to that to the university level.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 156, 4; 471-488
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Weak Civic Engagement? Post-Communist Participation and Democratic Consolidation
Autorzy:
Pietrzyk-Reeves, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-04-03
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
civic engagement
civic sphere
democratization
democratic consolidation
post-communist
societies
Opis:
The aim of this article is to analyze the problem of civic and political participation in the postcommunist context from the perspective of contemporary democratic theory, the concept of democratic consolidation, and the thesis of the “weakness of civil society in post-communist countries.” It argues that the institutional approach to democratization and participation does not provide a full answer to the question of how democratic systems become consolidated and thus it needs to be supplemented by the cultural approach. The analysis of the patterns of democratic participation in post-communist countries, however, is further complicated by their background conditions, the burden of the communist past, and the model of democratization that they have undergone. Although it seems that a participatory, civil-society centred type of democratic politics would revitalize and strengthen democracy in post-communist countries, two questions-addressed in this article-arise. First, whether contemporary democratic theories shed enough light on the processes involved when it comes to a democratic change and democratic consolidation in the post-communist context, and second, whether a weak civic sphere is a major impediment to the development of a truly democratic system.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2008, 161, 1; 73-88
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State Capitalism in Poland
Autorzy:
Kozarzewski, Piotr
Bałtowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
state capitalism
post-communist transition
state-owned enterprises
rent seeking
Opis:
Theoretical background: The article is devoted to the knowledge gap in understanding processes of growing state interventionism in a number of post-communist countries, Poland being one of the most notable examples. This evolution is still understudied in the literature, both in terms of evidence and proper theoretical framework. Existing theoretical perspectives have been created for studying other types of economies an do not fully fit the transition ones. Among these perspectives, the state capitalism (SC) one seems to be the most promising.Purpose of the article: The task of this paper is to study the growing state interventionism in Poland using the state capitalism approach which had to be refined by the authors in order to be more applicable for analyzing transition economies. Using this framework, the history of SC formation and its present state in Poland are studied, including specific features of Polish state capitalism, e.g. the importance of the state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector as the source of rents, as well as the varieties of the state control over the enterprise sector.Research methods: The article makes use of mostly qualitative methods, quantitative ones playing an auxiliary role by systematizing evidence used in qualitative research. The study was based on analysis of the existing literature and evidence of interventionist practices of the Polish government. The authors attempted to fine-tune the SC approach both through refining its definition and including areas previously mostly neglected by SC studies such as relationships between the state and the enterprise sector. They created a typology of SC phenomena in transition economies which made it possible to study the Polish case in a comprehensive way.Main findings: At this stage, the authors think that no strict definition of state capitalism is possible because of its highly contextual character. Thus, the outcome of the study may not be universal, but the authors believe that their concept of six basic features of state capitalism may be applicable not only to Poland, but to other transition economies as well. Besides, the article raises awareness of the importance of state-controlled enterprises in studies on state capitalism. The article also identifies challenges for further research and the still existing knowledge gaps. Among others, the questions remain, whether the statist trends in Poland and other countries lead to a system change and what are the roots of these trends.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2022, 56, 1; 61-77
0459-9586
2449-8513
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bohemia’s Antipodes: Post-Communist Czech Migration to New Zealand
Autorzy:
Opara, Oksana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Czechia
international migration
New Zealand
post-communist migration
liquid migration
Opis:
In the post-communist era, the European migration space changed significantly. It has become characterised predominantly by temporary labour migration and new forms of circular, return and onward migration which are collectively theorised as ‘liquid’. The 2004/2007 eastward expansion of the EU resulted in the re-emergence of large-scale East-West intra-EU migration; however, Czechia continues to have one of the lowest levels of emigration among EU member-states in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). This article analyses Czech migration to New Zealand, which constitutes a considerable portion of overall Czech emigration. It is hypothesised that this flow can be understood as an example of ‘liquid’ migration beyond the EU to a distant settler society. Data from Immigration New Zealand and Stats NZ are examined to identify the trends, patterns and sociodemographic profile of Czech-to-New Zealand migration; other secondary sources provide a preliminary sketch of the motivations behind (and lived experiences of) Czech migrants in New Zealand. The study finds that this migration is increasing – mostly for temporary work, holidaying or visiting friends and relatives – and one of the largest, youngest and most recently arrived migrant groups from the CEE EU-10 countries. It is concluded that Czechia’s comparatively high standard of living may be an explanatory factor behind the relatively large flow of its people to New Zealand and that further qualitative investigation is needed to elucidate the motivations and diverse experiences of individual Czech migrants. The article ultimately contributes to comparative migration studies by exploring a potentially unique case of liquid migration to a traditional settler society.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2018, 7, 2; 5-34
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regularities in the gender gap in life expectancy at birth in European post-communist countries
Autorzy:
Michalski, Tomasz
Szymańska, Wioletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1827565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
gender gap
life expectancy at birth
European post-communist countries
Opis:
The aim of the article is to find patterns in the gender gap in life expectancy at birth in European post-communist countries. The analysis covers the years 1990–2018. Larger differences occur in the countries of the former USSR, smaller ones on the Balkan Peninsula. Belonging to the USSR (larger gap) and the Ottoman Empire (smaller gap) in the past has a great influence of the gender gap. In half of the analysed countries, the gender gap decreased. In a quarter, after an initial increase, there was also a decrease in the gender gap (some countries of the former USSR). Moreover, in a quarter of the countries, these changes were ambiguous (some countries on the Balkan Peninsula). One can see here the impact of an improving economic situation of the population. An attempt to link the gender gap and life expectancy with the ’homo-sovieticus’ requires further research.
Źródło:
Studia Demograficzne; 2020, 178, 2; 35-52
0039-3134
Pojawia się w:
Studia Demograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changing Turkish Other in Post-Soviet Armenian Discourse on National Identity
Autorzy:
Barseghyan, Kristine
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007-09-18
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Armenia
national identity
post-communist
Turkey
elite
discourse
other(ness)
Opis:
The paper is focused on the definition of the Other in the discourse on Armenian national identity from 19th century onwards and, particularly, on its transformations after the collapse of the Soviet Union. It argues that with the collapse of the Soviet Union and establishment of Armenian statehood the image of the Turkey-Other or Turkey-Enemy of the Armenian nation, developed within the discursive project of the last two centuries, became challenged by the projects voting for the pragmatic interests of the Armenian statehood. The post-communist elites tend to revise the historical representation of the Ottoman period and to reformulate Turkey as a force the cooperation with which is “vital” for the successful development of the state. The problem of Turkey-other became the very point where the concepts of the state and nation clash.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2007, 159, 3; 283-298
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foreign direct investment in the post-communist member states of the European Union: who are the leaders?
Autorzy:
Kozuń-Cieślak, Grażyna
Markowska-Bzducha, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-08-31
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
post-communist EU members
economic growth and development
Opis:
Joining the European Union has been treated as a chance for Poland and other post-communist countries to improve their economic growth and development. It was clear from the beginning that it was going to be a long and demanding process in which success is only possible if appropriate economic policies are pursued. That policy should provide stable frameworks to support business development, attract foreign direct investments (FDI), keep the discipline in public finances and assure the right institutional ability and managerial skills to absorb the EU funds. According to forecasts by The McKinsey Quarterly from 2004, 5% Poland's economic growth rate was to require around USD 10 billion of annual FDI inflow! The aim of this study was identifying the leaders in attracting FDI among post-communist European Union member states in the period of 2004-2020. The research showed a huge variation in attracting foreign capital among eleven post-communist EU members. Estonia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia seem to be winners in this race, leaving Poland far behind.
Źródło:
Central European Review of Economics & Finance; 2021, 33, 2; 23-34
2082-8500
2083-4314
Pojawia się w:
Central European Review of Economics & Finance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Non-Profit Foundations in Four Countries of Central and Eastern Europe
Autorzy:
Lagerspetz, Mikko
Skovajsa, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-06-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
post-communist societies
third sector
foundations
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Polska
Opis:
The paper presents an analysis of roles and visions of foundations in four Central and Eastern European countries: the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary and Poland. It offers a comparative account of the relevant legislation and the paths taken by these four foundation sectors in the aftermath of the 1989–91 democratic re´gime changes. They are depicted against a background characterized, among other things, by a partial demise of the state and rapid development of non-profit organizations. Using the methodology and conceptualizations of the research project Roles and visions of foundations in Europe, the authors describe the role profiles of foundations in these countries. They distinguish between role expectations of foundation stakeholders and the roles foundations are actually able to perform, given existing constraints such as legal regulations and limited own resources. The roles are further analyzed as parts of broader social visions in which foundation representatives and other stakeholders in the four CEE countries prefer to locate them. The dominance of certain roles and visions is explained with reference to specific features of post-communist societies
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 154, 2; 187-208
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ewolucja systemów oświatowych i postaw młodzieży wobec edukacji w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Autorzy:
Wasielewski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1996496.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
education
educational systems
attitudes towards education
(post) communist countries
modernization imitative
Opis:
This paper is an attempt to show the changes in education in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Article indicates the main directions of change in the philosophy of education and their structural implications for the education system, in response to the changing socio-political and dominant global trends while imitating structural solutions and attitudes present in Western societies. The primary source base constitute a public database (eng. The reports of the World Bank, and Education at Glance published by the OECD) as well as statistical analyzes prepared on their basis. The main aim of this article is to attempt to identify significant similarities and differences which the participation of countries undergoing a similar path of development.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2017, 3(117); 145-163
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of political transformation in East-Central European countries: Searching for general patterns
Autorzy:
Nahapetyan, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-05-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Political transformation
Central and East Europe
similar trajectories
post-Communist countries
Opis:
This paper focuses on political transformation processes in post-Communist countries of the current Visegradgroup or as it is also referred to, Central and East European countries, trying to find similar trajectories orsome general patterns of their political development in comparison both with each other and also otherpost-Communist countries.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica; 2020, 25, 325; 74-83
2081-3333
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public Service Broadcasting in Latvia: Old images, new user needs and market pressure
Autorzy:
Brikše, Inta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471173.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
public service broadcasting (PSB) post-communist transformation
media policy
political influence
Opis:
This paper represents a review of how public service broadcasting (PSB) has emerged and developed from the theoretical perspective in post-communist countries, also analysing the way in which these trends exist in Latvia. The development of PSB in Eastern Europe and the Baltic States has been affected to a great degree by the political culture. Parliament and the National Radio and Television Council are not focused on active dialogue with other social partners. Unprofessional management is also a problem in terms of the effectiveness and innovation of PSB operations. The author of this paper concludes that a fundamental necessity is to make note of European experience with culture and democracy, to take into account the experience of post-communist societies, and to react to changes caused by technologies. The point here is not to copy existing solutions, but instead to look for ones that are innovative.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 1(4); 67-79
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Президентська Росія перед викликами модернізації: соціально-політичний аспект
Prezydencka Rosja wobec wyzwań modernizacji: aspekt społeczno-polityczny
Autorzy:
Піляєв, Ігор
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489261.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Tematy:
socio-political modernization,
post-Communist Russia,
political transit,
“guided democracy”,
authoritarianism
Opis:
The article investigates the historical background of Russia’s socio-political transformation in the age of presidential republic, the Russian society’s present state and modernization prospects. Since the Horde Russia would be effected by the oriental despotism. The Russian modernization historically took place under the Western civilization’s influence but its instruments were mostly despotic and essentially anti-European. The Russian historical drama is that the social base of its modernization had been exterminated during the Bolshevik Revolution and Stalin’s dictatorship, and by now, in the train of the ongoing post-communist transformations, is still in germ. In contrast to the American Great Power doctrine where democracy serves as an important tool, Putin’s Russia has chosen the absolute priority of state and corporate interests over rights, freedoms and interests of its citizens. The author concludes that the fundamental problems and challenges, which had confronted the Russian modernization a quarter century ago, have remained unresolved. The most important of them are the key political actors’ unwillingness to act within the democratic rules, the values foundation friability, the lack of democratic consciousness and political culture. Since the annexation of Crimea and the start of the hybrid war in Donbas Russia’s socio-political transformation has found clear imperial meanings and would rely henceforth on the Eurasian space’ resource self-sufficiency with the strictly authoritarian state ideology and elements of the mobilization economy.
Źródło:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2015, 5; 14-23
2312-8933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transitology - A philosophical reflection on the post-communist society
Autorzy:
Leka, Agim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
the post-communist transition
the modern cultural shock
paradoxes in transitology
Opis:
The collapse of totalitarianisms, the integration and transition global are objective phenomena, which changed many political and social doctrines, which relate to democracy and civilization. A review of relations between civilization and polity is most necessary. At the same time this process was companied with the crisis philosophical thought, as with as the need for a deep reflection in this area. Transition is the moving integration of society from ideology to the reality culture (the values system) and the integration of three truths: philosophical, scientific and religious. And the most effective vehicle is the cultural intercommunication. In global era the integration is a cultural intercommunications and the philosophy itself is an essential cultural. The dialectic of transition and integration in global time. The cultural shock and the vulgar hedonism. Paradox between interest and principles. The paradox of modern Transitology is it between time and space, or, between past time and future time, has made that many today’s society to be gripped by a severe conflict between the two sides: the old and new; the political right and the political left. The moral paradox or the paradox of “two twin brothers”.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2016, 13; 54-65
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Partie i ugrupowania chadeckie w Polsce po 1989 roku
Christian Democratic Parties and Groups in Poland After 1989
Autorzy:
Bojarowicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Christian-Democratic Parties
Polska
Democratic State
European Politics
Post-Communist States
Opis:
Poland has a multi-party political system. After 1989, in Poland there are a several parties that can be described as a Christian-democratic. The party's ideological sources were principally to be found in Catholic social teaching. However, in Poland, there was not a typical Christian Democratic party. Polish parties different from other European Christian Democratic parties.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2012, 14 - Politologia w chrześcijańskiej myśli społeczno-politycznej; 295-315
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Similarities and differences in changing NPS market brought by new regulatory approaches in selected Eastern and Central European states with mostly focus on Poland and Latvia
Autorzy:
Malczewski, Artur
Zīle-Veisberga, Agnese
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1199399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
New Psychoactive Substances
Law on New Psychoactive Substances
post-communist countries
Opis:
The main objective of the paper is to explain, compare and conclude the effect on the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market brought by new and innovative responses to regulate the NPS (mostly between 2010 and 2014) in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania. Countries where NPS problem reached the peak, the traditional response or simply substance scheduling did not work. Since the NPS do not fall under market regulations, also the response to the problem was innovative stepping out of the existing system (for example, temporary prohibition in Poland, Latvia). Moreover, a political and social pressure has been a factor to speed up the development of new regulations, sometime affecting the quality. Seemingly harsh sanctions and immediate reaction are main elements to close the NPS street shops. Meanwhile this approach hasn’t caused a step back for chemical industry or science. Still is open question if national regulations against NPS market are fully enough. NPS market reacts very quickly for changing and only very strong and fast reaction from the institutional level seems to be effectiveness. Although NPS market differs in each country, study shows that harsh sanctions such as criminal liability and immediate reaction significantly decrease the availability of NPS, and thus contribute in decreasing acute health problems and prevalence. It was observed that at the time when stricter measure came into force, hospital emergencies were increased (Poland, Romania and in same extent Latvia).
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2019, 9, 2; 10-19
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktywna polityka rynku pracy w krajach postkomunistycznych
Active Labour Market Policy in Post-Communist Countries
Autorzy:
Nagel, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/586287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Dobrobyt
Kraje postkomunistyczne
Rynek pracy
Labour market
Post-communist countries
Prosperity
Opis:
W artykule została zaprezentowana problematyka dotycząca reżimów socjalnych oraz polityki rynku pracy. Na podstawie aktualnej literatury przedmiotu omówione zostały idealne ich typy (modele) oraz podjęto próbę określenia specyficznych cech aktywnej polityki rynku pracy w krajach postkomunistycznych. Dyskusje, które rozwinęły się w ostatnich latach, zmierzają w dwóch odmiennych kierunkach. Jedna grupa badaczy sugeruje, że aktywna polityka rynku pracy rozwija się w kierunku zidentyfikowanego już typu, co świadczy o jej unifikacji w skali przynajmniej regionalnej (np. w ramach UE). Ujęcie to można przeciwstawić podejściu partykularystycznemu, starającemu się wykazać, że kraje Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej podążają odmienną i nietradycyjną ścieżką indywidualnie lub w określonych grupach. Analiza struktury wydatków na aktywną politykę rynku pracy pozwala postawić tezę o jej odmiennych typach w badanej grupie krajów.
The article presents social regimes and labor market policy problems. On the basis of source literature, describe their ideal types (models) and try to identify the features of active labor market policy in post-communist countries. The discussions which developed in last years, moving in two different directions. The first group of researchers suggests that active labor market policies developing in already identified direction, which shows of its unification on a scale at least regional (ex. Within the EU). This approach can be contrasted with particularistic view, which shows that CEE countries follow different and non-traditional personal path or in specific groups. Analysis of spending on active labor market policies can be argued about the different types in the group of tested countries.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2015, 236; 110-126
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cristian Mungiu: Social Realism in Beyond the Hills and Graduation
Autorzy:
Giukin, Lenuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3200789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
Cristian Mungiu
the new Romanian wave
religion
post-commu nist
cinema
post-communist ideology
Opis:
This article discusses Mungiu’s role within the new Romanian wave, as well as his preoccupation with the Romanian society’s ideological and ethical values. While a large Romanian public still watches socialist era movies for entertainment and because of identifying with an idealized national imagery, Mungius’ films propose an analysis of present-day practices and beliefs, reflecting on the possible heritage a young, democratic society leaves to future generations. Critical of the past, like all new Romanian wave directors, Mungiu scrutinizes the present, closely analyzes actions and expressions of belief, and carefully contextualizes situations to give the viewers a realistic cinematic experience. Reflecting on the past and/or present, his cinema is the mirror of an encounter with a people’s deep subconscious and the nation’s dilemma of the return of the repressed.
Źródło:
Polonia Journal; 2022, 15; 47-64
2083-3121
Pojawia się w:
Polonia Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social Activism in Post-Communist Countries and New Media: The Case of the Tent Camp Protest Action in Minsk, 2006
Autorzy:
Naumov, Vasily
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811414.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-09-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
New social movements
Melucci
internet
post-Communist collective actions
Belarus
Tent Camp
Opis:
Social movements, along with political parties play a significant role in socio-political life of contemporary democracies. As distinct from political parties, they do not pretend to take part in the direct exercise of power (though many of them do demand to be included into the decision-making process), but realizing their specific aims and functions, they exert considerable influence on the political process. Existence in a given country of wide range of social movements, struggling for their own interests is widely considered an indicator of a strong civil society. But how do social movements pursue their goals in countries with underdeveloped institutes of civil society? Does the intervention of new ICTs have certain emancipatory potential, which could be used by social movements to facilitate the desired social transformations? Is it possible to speak about the generational change in social movements, meaning new collective actors, using ICTs and Internet, significantly differ from those that can be termed “old” collective actors? In this paper, I analyze the ways in which new ICTs change the scope, ideology and structure of contemporary social movements and illustrate these transformations with the example of peculiar Belarusian movement,-namely, the Tent Camp, emerged as a result of falsification of the presidential elections in March, 2006, on October Square in Minsk.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2014, 187, 3; 291-315
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determinanty spadku płodności w Polsce – próba syntezy
Autorzy:
Fihel, Agnieszka
Kiełkowska, Marta
Radziwinowiczówna, Agnieszka
Rosińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1827707.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
natality
fertility trends
nuptiality
post-communist transition
conceptual model of fertility change
Opis:
This paper presents a theoretic synthesis of determinants of fertility decline in Poland in the post-war period. The differences in fertility determinants between the communist and post-communist periods are of particular interest. First, we present the changes in the number of births and their direct determinants: the number of women in reproductive age, forming lasting heterosexual relationships and the quantum and timing of fertility. The births’ decline in Poland is attributed to both quantum and timing effects and changes of union formation. In the second part, we discuss indirect determinants of fertility change by referring to main theoretical approaches to nuptiality and fertility, and by making use of research conducted in Poland. In the last section, we present a conceptual model distinguishing fertility determinants operating on the interconnected levels of production and reproduction system (the macro level), labour market and family (the meso level), and work and family social roles (the micro level). By showing how different factors operated differently in the Polish People’s Republic (until 1989) and during the post-communist transition, we analyse links between these determinants and importance of each of them.
Źródło:
Studia Demograficzne; 2017, 172, 2; 35-69
0039-3134
Pojawia się w:
Studia Demograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pre-mayoral Career and Incumbency of Local Leaders in Post-Communist Countries: Evidence from Lithuania and Slovenia
Autorzy:
Kukovič, Simona
Lazauskienė, Aistė
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
pre-mayoral political career
incumbency
direct elections
non-partisans
Post-communist countries
Opis:
Political careers emerge when individuals develop patterns of mobility between offices in the political realm. These patterns provide useful clues about the expected activity of an individual leader. Patterns of political tenure can be revealing because individuals who aspire to long-term service seem more committed to the autonomy of their institutions, as well as more active and effective within them. The mayoral career is created in a continuous process of mayoral position implementation where a unique combination of ambition and opportunity intertwine. A political career is therefore necessarily associated with time and defined by two key points: the starting point and the termination point of mayoral function. Between them, the mayoral career takes place. The article focuses on the career development and mayoral incumbency in post-communist countries such as Lithuania and Slovenia. Authors particularly focus on the direct mayoral elections conducted in Lithuania for the first time in 2015 and introduced in Slovenia already in 1994. Career of local leaders was analysed in terms of pre-mayoral career, where authors discovered that the largest share of mayors were municipal council members. Both countries had a relatively high proportion of political newcomers. In Lithuania, the first direct elections finally also enabled the elections of non-partisan candidates, a trend seen in Slovenia since 1994.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2018, 18; 5-22
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
(Post)communist homelessness? Identity and belonging in Dagmara Dominczyk’s The Lullaby of Polish Girls
Autorzy:
Caputa, Sonia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/579643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
POST-COMMUNIST HOMELESSNESS
DIASPORA
NOSTALGIA
DAGMARA DOMINCZYK
SVETLANA BOYM
POLISH AMERICAN LITERATURE
Opis:
Dagmara Dominczyk’s The Lullaby of Polish Girls mirrors her own experience as a Polish émigré of the early 1980s and touches upon the myriad stages of exile. Similarly to other American writers of Polish descent (e.g. Leslie Pietrzyk, Karolina Waclawiak or Anthony Bukoski), the writer’s debut novel explores the problematic questions of immigrant’s assimilation, desire for acceptance or one’s ties to the home country. But above all, Grażyna Kozaczka notices that “[the literary work] offers an additional option opened to Polish American fiction writers”, because the main character of the book, Anna Baran, is able to embrace both: Polish and American culture and claims two homelands as her own. Whether the protagonist is completely free from immigrant-homelessness or not, seems to be a thought-provoking matter as it seems that Dominczyk’s protagonist is engrossed in the yearning desire to return to the country of her forefathers; i.e. to Poland in general and Kielce in particular. However, the city of her birth and simultaneously the place where she spent her summer holidays, which is aptly described by the author of the novel in the moment of transition (as communist Poland of the late 1980s alters into a democratic country) belongs to the sphere of her memory and a real return to the past time is not possible. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to shed some light upon the issues of identity, questions of belonging and nostalgic allegiance in Dominczyk’s novel The Lullaby of Polish Girls.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2018, 44, 4 (170); 45-58
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Ciągle żywy”. Wpływ Kieślowskiego na kino polskie w czasach postkomunistycznych
After Kieślowski. The Legacy of Krzysztof Kieślowski
Autorzy:
Haltof, Marek
Tambor, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/511590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Krzysztof Kieślowski
Polish post-communist cinema Michał Rosa
Jerzy Stuhr
Iwona Siekierzyńska
Opis:
The influence of Krzysztof Kieślowski on Polish post-communist cinema is discussed. The author refers to all events held in 2006 (the year of the 10th anniversary of the director’s death). He stresses Kieślowski’s influence and reflects upon his cooperation with Krzysztof Piesiewicz. Also the effect Kieślowski had on such directors as Michał Rosa, Jerzy Stuhr, Iwona Siekierzyńska, to name but a few, is indicated.
Źródło:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne; 2010, 1(5); 89-104
1898-1593
2353-9844
Pojawia się w:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Democracy and liberalism: crisis, pathologies and resistance
Autorzy:
Berekashvili, Bakar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643066.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
Liberal Democracy
Democracy
Liberalism
Neoliberalism
Capitalism
Elites
Populism
West
Post-Communist
Crisis
Ideology
Opis:
Liberal capitalist democracy is a universal socio-political project of our age. But this project is in crisis and in decline. The current crisis of democracy caused by the Darwinist spirit of the late capitalist order only proves that democracy is an instrument for strengthening the dominant positions of the ruling liberal elites. In other words, democracy, in particular liberal democracy as a hegemonic form of the contemporary global democratic project, functions as a formal ideological-instrumental framework for the reproduction of the dominant position of a ruling class serving the interests of the few, not the many. In this way, anti-democratic sentiments among the masses are fuelled almost everywhere in both Western and non-Western cultures where political elites have assumed a formal democratic mask. Furthermore, the existing crisis of the Western liberal democratic project has given crucial benefits for the revival of anti-elitist populism in the contemporary world. The goal of this paper is to critically examine the fate of democracy in modern times as well as to shed light once again on the crisis of the liberal conception of democracy, including its concomitant pathologies, resistances, and political and social consequences.  
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2018, 2
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Case-Specific Instance of Media Capture: the Gorilla Case of Slovakia
Autorzy:
Školkay, Andrej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Gorilla
Slovakia
oligarchs
media capture
corruption
state capture
intelligence services
wiretapping
post-communist
Opis:
This article discusses an instance of case-specific self-inflicted partial media capture, acknowledging the chilling effect of legislation consistent with partial state capture. In general, this case illustrates the ethical and legal dilemmas in the reporting of a specific type of large-scale corruption in the media, which involves the denial of all accusations by most sources and a controversial stand by state authorities and politicians on the issue, forcing the media to primarily report rumors or contradictory claims and denials (after controversial files regarding the corruption were made public anonymously on the internet) or desist from reporting altogether (before the files were made public on the internet, due to possible libel threats). The findings question the normative expectations expressed in democratic theory related to the role of the media as a watchdog, in the specific context of large-scale corruption in post-communist states. Moreover, this paper suggests the need to re-examine the methodological aspects of quantitative content analysis of media coverage of corruption. This paper has also attempted to update the emerging theory on media capture with the term partial case-specific media capture.
Źródło:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne; 2018, 4; 65-94
1731-7517
Pojawia się w:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Capacity building in developing and transitional economies – transport sector
Autorzy:
Chrzanowski, Ignacy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916124.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
capacity building
developing nations
post-communist countries
effectiveness and efficiency
education and training
Opis:
Transport pełni kluczową rolę w gospodarce każdego kraju. Jest zatem tym obszarem badań, który pozwala ocenić potencjał rozwojowy i instytucjonalny całej gospodarki. Głównym celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na fakt, że właściwe funkcjonowanie systemu transportowego nie zależy wyłącznie od odpowiedniego finansowania infrastruktury, ale na budowaniu jego potencjału rozwojowego, co powinno być także warunkiem dobrego zarządzania tym sektorem. Na przykładzie problemów krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej oraz wybranych krajów rozwijających się autor udowadnia, że dążenie do zmniejszenia ubóstwa w krajach postkomunistycznych nie byłoby skuteczne, gdyby najpilniejsze problemy związane z branżą transportową nie zostały rozwiązane w okresie transformacji.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie; 2016, 41, 4; 95-101
1896-656X
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kierunki zmian w szkolnictwie wyższym w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Changes in higher education in selected countries in selected countries of central and eastern europe
Autorzy:
Wasielewski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138904.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-19
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej
Tematy:
szkolnictwo wyższe
edukacja
kraje postkomunistyczne
transformacja
higher education
education
post-communist countries
transformation
Opis:
Niniejszy tekst jest próbą ukazania przemian w obszarze szkolnictwawyższego w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Artykuł wskazujegłówne kierunki zmian w filozofii kształcenia i ich konsekwencje strukturalne dlasektora szkolnictwa wyższego, będące reakcją na zmianę ustroju społeczno-politycznego,a tym samym otwarcia się tych krajów na dominujące trendy globalne (m.in.społeczne, kulturowe, ekonomiczne). Podstawową bazę źródłową stanowią ogólnodostępnebazy danych (np. raporty Banku Światowego czy Education at Glance,publikowane przez OECD), opracowania statystyczne sporządzone na ich podstawieoraz monografie. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest próba wskazania istotnychpodobieństw i różnic, będących udziałem krajów, z jednej strony, przechodzącychpodobną drogę rozwojową, z drugiej zaś, odmiennych ze względu na ich specyfikęspołeczno-kulturową.
This article attempts to show the changes in higher education in selectedCentral and Eastern European countries. The article points out the main directionsof changes in the philosophy of education and their structural consequencesfor higher education as a reaction to the changing socio-political system, and thusthe opening of these countries to dominant global trends (social, cultural, economic).The basic source database is made up of publicly available databases (e.g., WorldBank reports, or OECD’s Education at a Glance), statistical studies based on them,and monographs. The article’s main goals are to identify important similarities anddifferences between countries and their socio-cultural characteristics.
Źródło:
Forum Oświatowe; 2017, 29, 2(58); 61-76
0867-0323
2450-3452
Pojawia się w:
Forum Oświatowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transformacja w sztuce w postkomunistycznej Europie
Autorzy:
Radomska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909477.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-05-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
post-communist Europe
transformation
Marxist dialectic
art of the 1990s
contemporary art
Opis:
The paper focuses on the ways of visualizing political and economic transformation in the works of artists from post-communist Europe mainly in the 1990s. Those works, which today, in a wide geographical context, may be interpreted as problematizing the idea of transformation, were often originally appropriated by such discourses of the post-transformation decade as the art of the new media and technology (Estonia), performance (Russia), feminism (Lithuania), body art (Hungary), and critical art (Poland), which marginalized the problem of transformation. Analyses of the works of artists from Lithuania, Estonia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Russia make it possible to determine and problematize the poles of transformation in a number of ways, pointing at the inadequacy of those poles which traditionally spread from the end of totalitarian communism to democracy identified with free market economy. By the same token, they allow one to question their apparent antithetical character which connects the transformation process to the binary structures of meaning established in the period of the Cold War. The presented analyses demonstrate that the gist of the transformation was not so much the fall of communism, which is surviving in the post-1989 art of East-Central Europe due to the leftist inclinations of many artists with a Marxist intellectual background, but the collapse of the binary structure of the world. Methodologically inspired by Boris Buden, Susan Buck-Morss, Marina Gržinić, Edit András, Boris Groys, Alexander Kiossev, and Igor Zabel, they restore the revolutionary character of 1989 and, simultaneously, a dialectical approach to the accepted poles of the transformation. An example of ideological appropriation, which may be interpreted as problematizing the political transformation, is Trap. Expulsion from Paradiseby the Lithuanian artist Eglė Rakauskaitė. The first part of the paper focuses on Jaan Toomik’s May 15-June 1, 1992, interpreted in the theoretical terms proposed by Marina Gržinić and Boris Groys as a work of art that visualizes the concept of post-communism as excrement of the transformation process. Placed in the context of such works as In Fat(1998) by Eglė Rakauskaitė, 200 000 Ft(1997) by the Hungarian artist Kriszta Nagy or Corrections(1996-1998) by Rassim Krastev from Bulgaria, Toomik’s work is one of many created at that time in East-Central Europe, which thematized the transformation process with reference to the artist’s body. Krastev’s Correctionsproblematizes the transformation as a process of self-colonization by the idiom of the West, as well as a modification of the utopia of production, one aspect of which was propaganda referring to the body, changing it in an instrument that transformed the political order into a consumerist utopia where bodies exist as marketable products. The part titled, “The Poles of Transformation as a Function of the Cold War,” focuses on A Western View(1989) by the Bulgarian artist Nedko Solakov and This is my blood(2001) by Alexander Kossolapov from Russia. In a theoretical context drawn from the texts by Zabel, Buden, and Ekaterina Degot, Solakov’s work has been interpreted as problematizing the transformation understood as refashioning the world, no longer based on the bipolar division into East and West. The paper ends with an analysis of Cunyi Yashi, a work of the Hungarian artist Róbert Szabó Benke, which problematizes the collapse of the bipolar world structure in politics and the binary coding of sexual identity. In Szabó Benke’s work, the transformation is represented as rejection of the binary models of identity – as questioning their role in the emergence of meanings in culture. 
Źródło:
Artium Quaestiones; 2018, 29; 409-435
0239-202X
Pojawia się w:
Artium Quaestiones
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integration of Post‑Communist Countries in the EU –Leaders and Losers?
Integracja krajów postkomunistycznych z UE – liderzy i przegrani?
Autorzy:
Cíbik, Lukáš
Horváth, Peter
Brix, Richard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2083052.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
gospodarka
rozwój
różnice
kraje postkomunistyczne
UE
economic
development
the difference
post‑communist countries
EU
Opis:
The economic indicators of the new member states of the EU that joined after 2004 have been generally positive. In this paper, we analyse and interpret the economic development results of the 11 new Member States from the Eastern bloc. The set of individual economic indicators gives us a relatively realistic picture of the differences in development in individual post‑communist countries. The paper points out several factors which, in principle, create two groups of countries for us in terms of the development of economic indicators: A more progressive group of countries, which for the most part is showing progress towards catching up with the EU average, and a less progressive group, whose pace of convergence is significantly slower.
Wskaźniki ekonomiczne nowych państw członkowskich UE, które przystąpiły do UE po 2004 roku, są generalnie pozytywne. W niniejszym artykule przeanalizowano i zinterpretowano wyniki rozwoju gospodarczego 11 nowych państw członkowskich z byłego bloku wschodniego. Zestaw poszczególnych wskaźników ekonomicznych daje stosunkowo realistyczny obraz różnic rozwojowych między poszczególnymi krajami postkomunistycznymi. W artykule wskazano na kilka czynników, które tworzą dwie zasadnicze grupy krajów różniące się pod względem kształtowania się wskaźników ekonomicznych: bardziej zaawansowana grupa krajów, które w większości wykazują postęp w procesie osiągania średniej unijnej, oraz mniej zaawansowaną grupę, której tempo konwergencji jest znacznie wolniejsze.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2022, 25, 2; 7-20
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Encounters with Antisemitism
Spotkania z antysemityzmem
Autorzy:
Kamusella, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
antysemityzm
nieobecna obecność
Polska postkomunistyczna
PRL
wyparta pamięć
absent presence
antisemitism
communist Poland
post-communist Poland
repressed memory
Opis:
The Holocaust destroyed Jewish communities across Europe and in Poland. Subsequently, in the Soviet bloc, most Jewish survivors were expelled from or coerced into leaving their countries, while the memory of the millennium-long presence of Jews in Poland was thoroughly suppressed. Through the lens of a scholar’s personal biography, this article reflects on how snippets of the Jewish past tend to linger on in the form of absent presences, despite the national and systemic norm of erasing any remembrance of Poles of the Jewish religion. This norm used to be the dominant type of antisemitism in communist Poland after 1968, and has largely continued unabated after the fall of communism.
Zagłada zniszczyła społeczności żydowskie w Europie i w Polsce. Następnie w bloku sowieckim większość Żydów, która przeżyła, wygnano lub zmuszono do wyjazdu, a pamięć o tysiącletniej obecności Żydów w Polsce została całkowicie stłumiona. Artykuł ten, z perspektywy osobistej biografii badacza, stanowi zadumę nad tym, jak fragmenty żydowskiej przeszłości mają tendencję do trwania w formie nieobecnej obecności, pomimo systemowo-narodowej normy wymazywania jakiejkolwiek pamięci o Polakach religii żydowskiej. Norma ta była dominującym rodzajem antysemityzmu w komunistycznej Polsce po roku 1968. Po upadku komunizmu raczej nic się nie zmieniło w tym względzie.
Źródło:
Colloquia Humanistica; 2020, 9; 289-308
2081-6774
2392-2419
Pojawia się w:
Colloquia Humanistica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Słabość państwa w jego relacji do gospodarki i słabość ekonomicznej teorii państwa
The Weakness of Government in Its Relation to Economy and of the Economic Theory of the State
Autorzy:
Wilkin, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
Tematy:
państwo
ekonomia
transformacja postsocjalistyczna
globalizacja
integracja europejska
state
economics
post-communist transformation
globalization
European integration
Opis:
Państwo i rynek są głównymi regulatorami gospodarki i społeczeństwa. Wiedza teoretyczna dotycząca państwa jest jednak zaniedbaną częścią współczesnej ekonomii. Ma to wpływ na niedostatki działania państwa w praktyce. Postęp w reformowaniu funkcjonowania sfery publicznej, w tym państwa, w Polsce jest znacznie mniejszy niż w reformowaniu sektora prywatno-rynkowego. Nowe argumenty do dyskusji o roli państwa wniosła globalizacja i integracja europejska. Oba te procesy nie podważyły znaczenia państwa mimo wcześniejszych oczekiwań w tej sprawie. Poprawa jakości działania państwa jest nieustającym wyzwaniem, zarówno pod adresem nauki, jak i społeczeństwa. Problematyka państwa okazała się dla ekonomii poważniejszym wyzwaniem niż problematyka rynku.
The government (state) and the market are the two main mechanisms which regulate the economy and the society. However, the theory of the state (government) is a neglected part of contemporary economics. This situation has a negative impact on the state's activity. In Poland, the public sector reforms are much less advanced than in the private, market-oriented sector. Globalization and European integration have contributed new aspects and arguments to the dispute about the role of the government, but contrary to earlier expectations, they have not undermined the importance of the state. Improvement of both the state's activity and the quality of public governance are permanent challenges for scientists and for societies. As we can observe, the theory of the state has been a more difficult part of economics than the theory of the market.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2010, 1(11); 25-35
1898-3529
2658-1116
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Różnice i podobieństwa biografii edukacyjnych młodzieży w krajach europy środkowo-wschodniej – w kontekście modernizacji imitacyjnej systemów oświatowych
Differences and similarities in educational biographies of youth in the countries of central and eastern Europe – in the context of imitative modernization of education systems
Autorzy:
Wasielewski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/424014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Lubuskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
biografie edukacyjne
młodzież
modernizacja imitacyjna
kraje postkomunistyczne
educational biographies
youth
imitative modernization
post-communist countries
Opis:
The article identifies the main directions of changes in the philosophy of education and their structural consequences for educational biographies of the young generation. The directions are a reaction to the change of the socio-political system and to the dominant global trends. Simultaneously, the authors take into consideration the process of imitating structural solutions existing in Western societies for a long time. The main aim of the article is to identify major similarities and differences typical of the countries undergoing similar developments, the common denominator for which is the collapse of communism. Any changes in education (in structures, values and attitudes) in these varied in intensity, however, they had a common feature, namely they took the countries form of imitative modernization. The main feature of this modernization was imitating the institutional and legal solutions applied in Anglo-Saxon countries. The process of imitation combined with the globalization of values and attitudes towards education contributed to the alignment of the frames within which youth’s educational biographies are created.
Artykuł wskazuje główne kierunki zmian w filozofii kształcenia i ich konsekwencje strukturalne dla biografii edukacyjnych młodego pokolenia, będące reakcją na zmianę ustroju społeczno-politycznego i dominujące trendy globalne. Uwzględniono tutaj proces imitowania rozwiązań strukturalnych obecnych już od dawna w zachodnich społeczeństwach. Zasadniczym jego celem jest próba wskazania istotnych podobieństw i różnic, będących udziałem krajów przechodzących podobną drogę rozwojową, której wspólnym mianownikiem było odrzucenie komunizmu. Jakkolwiek zmiany w edukacji (w strukturach, wartościach, postawach) w rożnych krajach miały rożne nasilenie, posiadały jednak pewną cechę wspólną, a mianowicie przybrały właściwie postać modernizacji imitacyjnej. Jej główną cechą był proces powielania rozwiązań instytucjonalno-prawnych obecnych w krajach anglo-saskich, który wraz z globalizacją postaw i wartości wobec edukacji przyczynił się do upodobnienia się ram tworzenia się biografii edukacyjnych młodzieży.
Źródło:
Rocznik Lubuski; 2018, 44, 1; 127-144
0485-3083
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Lubuski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fiskalizacja polityki własnościowej państwa polskiego w toku transformacji postkomunistycznej
Autorzy:
Kozarzewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/610646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
ownership policy
privatization
fiscalism
post-communist transition
Polska
polityka własnościowa
prywatyzacja
fiskalizm
transformacja postkomunistyczna
Polska
Opis:
The article is devoted to the evolution of ownership policy of the Polish state in the course of the post-communist transition. The author argues that this policy is characterized by growing fiscalization i.e., treating public property mainly from a short-term fiscal perspective: as a source of finance for the current government’s policies. It manifests itself in resignation from privatization as a strategic tool of economic transition and from state owner’s policy as a tool for overcoming imperfections of market mechanisms. The observed trends pose serious threat both at macro and micro levels, e.g. to the coherence and efficacy of the economic policy of the state and to competitiveness and development prospects of the state-controlled companies. This policy evolution has a long-term character and is to a large extent independent from official rhetoric of subsequent governments and ruling coalitions.
Artykuł jest poświęcony ewolucji polityki własnościowej państwa polskiego w toku transformacji postkomunistycznej. Autor stara się udowodnić tezę, że charakteryzuje się ona rosnącą fiskalizacją, czyli traktowaniem własności państwowej, głównie z krótkookresowej perspektywy fiskalnej, jako źródła finansowania bieżącej polityki państwa. Przejawia się to w rezygnacji z prywatyzacji jako strategicznego narzędzia transformacji gospodarczej i z polityki właścicielskiej jako narzędzia do przezwyciężenia niedoskonałości mechanizmów rynkowych. Zaobserwowane trendy stwarzają poważne zagrożenia na szczeblu tak mikro, jak i makro, m.in. dla spójności i skuteczności polityki gospodarczej oraz konkurencyjności i perspektyw rozwojowych spółek kontrolowanych przez Skarb Państwa. Zaobserwowana ewolucja polityki własnościowej ma długoterminowy charakter i tylko w niewielkim stopniu zależy od oficjalnej retoryki kolejnych rządów i koalicji rządzących.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2017, 51, 4
0459-9586
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial Diversification Of Living Standards In The Former Communist Countries Of Central And Eastern Europe And The Balkans / Analiza Zróżnicowania Przestrzennego Poziomu Życia w Krajach Postkomunistycznych Europy Środkowo- Wschodniej I Na Bałkanach
Autorzy:
Karmowska, Grażyna
Marciniak, Mirosława
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
post-communist countries
standard of living
socioeconomic development
kraje postkomunistyczne
poziom życia
rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present the results of research on the variation in the standard of living and quality of life of the inhabitants of Central and Eastern European and the Balkan countries previously belonging to the Soviet sphere of influence. Nineteen post-communist countries were selected for this research, including: seven from the group of post-socialist countries, seven post-Soviet countries, and five from former Yugoslavia. The research procedure adopted involved static (comparative analysis of life quality indexes - Quality of Life Index (QLI) and Human Development Index (HDI) and dynamic (assessment of standard of living based on synthetic taxonomic measures for the years 2007 and 2012) data analysis. The findings indicate a significant variation in the living standards among the inhabitants of post-communist countries. Depending on the scope and accuracy of the quality life measures used, the countries’ ranking positions show a slight variation, though in all cases similar trends are noticeable. The countries of former Czechoslovakia (the Czech and the Slovak Republics) show the highest standard of living. Other countries belonging to the EU also ranked relatively high. Such Balkan states as Albania, Moldova, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked poorly. The results of multidimensional analysis confirmed these findings and, moreover, allowed for the determination of the trends in living conditions in particular countries. In 2007 a higher-than-average standard of living was identified in nine countries, whereas in 2012 this was the case for 10 countries. As compared to 2007, GDP growth was observed in 16 countries, as well as improvements in health care (increases in health care outlays) and increases in the number of Internet users. However, some phenomena may be disturbing - the rise in unemployment (16 countries), decline in population growth (9 countries) and growing inflation (7 countries). To recapitulate, the standard of living enjoyed by the population of postcommunist countries is gradually improving, though the pace of changes and trends vary across those countries. What’s more, the results show that with the exception of those countries which are EU members, belonging to specific groups of post-communist countries (post-socialist, post-Soviet and former Yugoslavia) does not affect significantly their populations’ standard of living and quality of life.
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań dotyczących zróżnicowania poziomu i jakości życia mieszkańców krajów postkomunistycznych Europy Środkowo- Wschodniej i krajów bałkańskich. Z grupy państw postkomunistycznych, do badań szczegółowych wybrano 19 krajów, w tym: 7 z grupy państw postsocjalistycznych, 7 poradzieckich i 5 z byłej Jugosławii. Przyjęta procedura badawcza pozwoliła na analizę zagadnienia zarówno w ujęciu statycznym (analiza porównawcza rankingów wskaźników jakości życia - Quality of Life Index (QLI) i Human Development Index (HDI)), jak i dynamicznym (ocena poziomu życia na podstawie taksonomicznych mierników syntetycznych za lata 2007 i 2012). Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują na znaczne zróżnicowanie poziomu życia mieszkańców w krajach postkomunistycznych. W zależności od zakresu i stopnia szczegółowości użytych wskaźników jakości życia pozycje rankingowe badanych krajów nieznacznie się różnią, ale we wszystkich zauważalne były te same tendencje. Najwyżej oceniono warunki życia panujące w krajach byłej Czechosłowacji (Czech i Słowacji) oraz Słowenii. Na stosunkowo wysokich pozycjach sklasyfikowano także pozostałe kraje należące do UE. Natomiast najsłabiej wypadły kraje bałkańskie takie jak: Albania, Mołdawia i Bośnia i Hercegowina. Wyniki analizy wielowymiarowej potwierdziły te oceny i ponadto, pozwoliły na określenie kierunków zmian w warunkach życia mieszkańców poszczególnych krajów. W 2007 roku poziom życia określony jako wyższy od przeciętnego stwierdzono w 9 krajach, a w 2012 roku było już 10 takich krajów. W porównaniu do 2007 roku wzrost GDP per capita odnotowano w przypadku 16 państw, poprawiła się sytuacja w ochronie zdrowia (wzrost wydatków na ochronę zdrowia) oraz wzrosła liczba użytkowników Internetu. Odnotowano również niepokojące zjawiska- wzrost bezrobocia (16 krajów), spadek przyrostu naturalnego (9 krajów) oraz rosnąca inflacja (7 krajów). Reasumując, poziom życia mieszkańców w krajach postkomunistycznych stopniowo się poprawia, lecz tempo i kierunki zmian w poszczególnych krajach nadal są różne. Ponadto stwierdzono, że w przeciwieństwie do członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej, przynależność danego państwa do określonej grupy krajów postkomunistycznych (postsocjalistycznych, poradzieckich i byłej Jugosławii) nie ma istotnego wpływu na poziom i jakość życia jego mieszkańców.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2015, 18, 4; 123-138
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of trends in foreign trade development in the post-communist countries of europe in the years 2000–2012 following their accession to the EU
Autorzy:
Cieślik, Ewa
Biegańska, Jadwiga
Środa-Murawska, Stefania
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1052937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Central and Eastern Europe
EU
foreign trade
post-communist countries
intra-regional trade
trade links
Opis:
This paper seeks to analyse directions in foreign trade in the post communist countries of Europe over the years 2000–2012 in the context of changes observed in other EU states. It was assumed that changes in the directions of foreign trade in post-communist states would be similar to those noted in Western Europe. On the basis of data derived from the OECD, EUROSTAT and OECD-WTO we show that the trading rules used by the old EU-15 adopted by those countries have brought them measurable benefits. As a result, the post-communist economies have become similar to those of the EU-15. Considering the structure of their trade and links with the EU-15, it is apparent that they have become the main trading and investment partners for the European Union. Hence, their integration with the EU structures made their development faster, but also made them more sensitive to industrial and demand shocks coming from the eurozone. It is predicted that the present model is not going to change, especially in the context of the participation in production networks.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2016, 35, 4; 35-48
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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