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Wyszukujesz frazę "International trade" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Ochrona Unii i jej państw członkowskich przed stosowaniem wymuszenia ekonomicznego przez państwa trzecie – projekt rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady
Protecting the Union and its Member States against the use of economic coercion by third countries – Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council
Autorzy:
Jaśkowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2192829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
international trade
European Union
Opis:
The document aims at establishing a mechanism enabling the Union to respond when a third country, by measures affecting trade or investment, interferes with the legitimate choices of the Union or of its Member States to adopt or refrain from adopting a particular act. Given the exclusive nature of the EU’s competences in the area of the Common Commercial Policy, as well as the EU’s economic potential and the resulting potentially greater effectiveness of response measures at the EU level, the proposal deserves to be supported by the representative of the Republic of Poland on the EU forum.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2022, 2(74); 133-142
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia na temat zawartych w Partnerstwie Transpacyficznym (Trans-Pacific Partnership) postanowień dotyczących zabezpieczenia rynku przed produktami genetycznie modyfikowanymi
Opinion on the provisions of Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement relating to market protection against the genetically modified products
Autorzy:
Jaśkowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
genetics
international trade
foodstuffs
Opis:
Article 2.27 of Trans-Pacific Partnership (PTP) agreement, concerning the trade of products of modern biotechnology, cannot be interpreted in a way which would impose upon any of the Parties an obligation to adopt or amendment of laws, regulations or policies for the control of such products within its territory. This provision defines the behavior in the event of detection of occurrence, in a shipment of plants or plant products, of “low-level presence” of rDNA plant material. It does not apply, however, to a plant or plant products that is a medicine or medical products. This provision do not also apply to animals and products of animal origin.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2016, 2(50); 130-134
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE POTANTIAL OF POLISH - TURKISH TRADE DEVELOPMENT
Autorzy:
Jeliński, Bohdan J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
International Trade
Polska
Turkey
Opis:
The Turkish – Polish economic relations are based on a partly common history and on a similar strategy of economy development. Both countries have a comparable Gross Domestic Product and foreign trade turnover. The transformation of Polish economy and membership in European Union, create new possibilities for prosperous future economic co-operation between two countries.
Źródło:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE); 2008, 1, 2; 275-287
1308-2701
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foreign direct investment and international trade across the former Soviet economies: What do we know after 30 years of research?
Autorzy:
Gurshev, Oleg
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
international trade
Opis:
Aim/purpose - This paper surveys three decades of empirical literature on foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade across the former Soviet economic space. In this survey, we outline the current state of research, discuss data limitations, and identify topics for further studies. Design/methodology/approach - The methodology used in this study is a systematic literature review. Multiple databases were searched, including Google Scholar, IDEAS (RePEc), JSTOR, Web of Science, and others. In total, 59 papers published between 1990 and 2023 were analyzed. Findings - Our findings are severalfold. First, we highlight severe data collection problems related to foreign equity and trade outside the Baltics, Ukraine, Russia, and some Central Asian Republics (CARs). As a result, we point out the limited availability of studies that use contemporary data and cover important economic events, such as the European accession of the Baltics, the formation of new preferential trade agreements, and economic re-integration centered around Russia, and Ukraine's political stability. Research implications/limitations - This study should assist researchers in identifying prospective research directions in postcommunist economic research. The main limitations of this survey are i) the total number of papers surveyed (59), ii) the focus on empirical studies, and iii) the specific geographical area considered. Originality/value/contribution - Despite the critical role of FDI and trade in transitional economies, plenty of relevant topics have remained undiscovered (e.g., the relationship between outward FDI and profit shifting). To the best of our knowledge, no systematic survey has been done on these two areas of research.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2023, 45; 290-318
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Empirical linkages between some economic factors and foreign direct investment in BRICS countries
Autorzy:
Gurshev, Oleg
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/518279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
BRICS
FDI
GDP
international trade
Opis:
In 2003 Goldman Sachs published a report written by Wilson and Purushothaman entitled Global Economics Paper No. 99: Dreaming With BRICs: The Path to 2050, which central idea is that over the next 50 years, Brazil, Russia, India and China could become a much larger force in the world economy, even larger than the current G7 economies in US dollar terms. In 2017 BRICS joint contribution to the world economy was 23.6 per cent and according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predictions this is set to rise to 26.8 per cent by 2022. Based on the used estimation, the biggest contributor to the FDI inflows is an index of economic openness, where decreasing barriers for trade and investment increase country’s exposure to the global economy, which in return has a significant effect in attracting FDI to the economy. Secondly, in majority of cases change in both import and export values tend to negatively affect FDI inflows, such phenomenon does not necessarily mean that country must not engage and liberalize its trade policy, but that the impact of those factors is inconsistent and has to be researched further. Thirdly, GDP contribution confirms the gravity model hypothesis as larger economies tend to attract larger volumes of FDI inflows, however in case of China this effect seems to be slightly reversed. Lastly, the effect of trade balance on FDI inflows remains complex to capture, however a dummy variable method applied in this paper can be applied to countries that have both positive and negative trade balance dynamic.
W 2003 roku Goldman Sachs opublikował raport napisany przez Wilsona i Purushothamana zatytułowany "Global Economics Paper No. 99: Dreaming With BRICs: The Path to 2050, którego główną ideą jest to, że w ciągu następnych 50 lat Brazylia, Rosja, Indie i Chiny mogą stać się znacznie większa siła w światowej gospodarce, nawet większa niż obecne gospodarki G7 w ujęciu dolarowym. W 2017 r. Wspólny wkład BRICS w gospodarkę światową wyniósł 23,6%, a według prognoz Międzynarodowego Funduszu Walutowego (MFW) do 2022 r. Ma wzrosnąć do 26,8%. Na podstawie wykorzystanych szacunków największy udział w napływie BIZ stanowi wskaźnik otwartości gospodarczej, gdzie malejące bariery w handlu i inwestycjach zwiększają ekspozycję kraju na globalną gospodarkę, co z kolei ma znaczący wpływ na przyciąganie bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych do gospodarki. Po drugie, w większości przypadków zmiana zarówno wartości importu, jak i eksportu wpływa negatywnie na napływ BIZ, zjawisko to niekoniecznie oznacza, że kraj nie może angażować się i liberalizować swojej polityki handlowej, ale że wpływ tych czynników jest niespójny i musi być zbadałem dalej. Po trzecie, wkład PKB potwierdza hipotezę modelu grawitacji, ponieważ większe gospodarki mają tendencję do przyciągania większych wolumenów napływów BIZ, jednak w przypadku Chin efekt ten wydaje się być nieco odwrotny. Wreszcie, wpływ salda handlowego na napływ BIZ jest nadal trudny do uchwycenia, jednak zastosowana w niniejszym dokumencie metoda zmiennej fikcyjnej może być stosowana do krajów, które mają zarówno dodatnią, jak i ujemną dynamikę bilansu handlowego.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Studenckie Wydziału Ekonomicznego „Nasze Studia”; 2019, 9; 122-135
1731-6707
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Studenckie Wydziału Ekonomicznego „Nasze Studia”
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcjonowanie transportu morskiego w warunkach globalizacji
MARITIME TRANSPORT OPERATION IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION
Autorzy:
Nowosielski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418960.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
marine transport
globalization
international trade
Opis:
The contemporary world economy is subject to dynamic integration processes that cause the most open countries in the free import and export goods. Intensive trade relations require intercontinental free access to well-functioning transport systems. In the case of trade with distant partners, especially on other continents, an important criterion for the organization of cargo handling is a long range. Technological development of means of transport has meant that transport services have become a cheap and highly accessible to passengers and cargo.
Źródło:
Współczesna Gospodarka; 2011, 2, 1; 29-38
2082-677X
Pojawia się w:
Współczesna Gospodarka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badanie zależności pomiędzy handlem zagranicznym a PKB z wykorzystaniem modelu VAR oraz przyczynowości Grangera
Relationship between foreign trade and GDP: VAR model and Granger causality
Autorzy:
Pisarski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/425171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
VAR
Granger
causality
GDP
international trade
Opis:
The main goal of this paper is to examine relationships between GDP and inter-national trade (exports and imports). Foreign trade channels which can affect national in-come have been listed and the impact of trade on GDP was described. Differences between a closed and an open economy are shown. The autoregression vector (VAR) model was used as well as Granger causality test. Quarterly dataset for the USA, the period from 1997:Q1 to 2013:Q3 was used. The results of Granger causality test led us to the conclusion that export causes GDP and also GDP and import affect each other (in Granger causality).
Źródło:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2013, 4(42); 103-116
1507-3866
Pojawia się w:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nationality of Polands Exports
Autorzy:
Czarny, Elżbieta
Śledziewska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
international trade
economic integration
direct investments
Opis:
ln this paper, we analyse the materiał structure of Polands exports of goods to the European Union and to the United States. In a general presentation of Polish exports, we aggregate all other trade partners than the EU and the U.S. to the 'Rest of the World' (RoW). We use descriptive statistics to check whatgoods are subject to export from Poland. We analyse data on various levels of aggregation. We prove that Polish exports aggregated to the CN sections and HS2 product groups to both destinations seem to be of higher technological advancement than export disaggregated to the HS6 product classification. On the higher level of aggregation, the material structure of Polands exports to the EU and the U.S. look more similar than those analysed on the more disaggregated level. We look at the material structures of exports to both partners from the point of view of the producers as well. We study Poland's exports of goods to the EU and the U.S. based on the HS6 classification and analyse the leading producers of the most important goods in sales to both partners. We show that most of them are affiliates of the foreign companies.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2017, 8, 16; 87-108
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Labour mobility and international trade
Autorzy:
Guo, Yanrong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16729701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
dispatched labour
labour mobility
Opis:
Motivation: The academic debate on whether the relationship between factor mobility and international trade is one of complementarity or substitution is inconclusive. In general, the relationship between the two can vary depending on the specific research methodology and the object of study. Moreover, there are fewer empirical analyses with China and the European Union as subjects, so studying the relationship between labour mobility and trade in the case of China and Europe is worthwhile. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to determine, through empirical analysis, the relationship between labour mobility in the form of dispatched labour and bilateral trade between China and the European Union in the period of 2005-2021. Materials and methods: This paper utilises quantitative analysis to investigate the relationship between labour movements and trade (imports and exports) based on data from 2005 to 2021, primarily through co-integration analysis and Granger causality testing. Results: The study found that there is a substitution relationship between the number of dispatched labour from China and the trade in goods between China and the European Union in the research period. Additionally, Granger causality tests show that China's dispatched labour to the EU is the Granger cause of China-EU export trade, and vice versa. However, China's dispatched labour to the EU is not a Granger cause of China-EU import trade.
Źródło:
Catallaxy; 2023, 8, 1; 7-20
2544-090X
Pojawia się w:
Catallaxy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thoughts on the Political Economy of International Trade
Autorzy:
Lewkowicz, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29431105.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-03-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
political economy
international trade
institutional economics
Opis:
International trade appears to be strongly dependent on the political environment and institutional arrangements. In this context, the commented strand of economics is expected to follow the relationships that can be turbulent. The paper reviews the available literature on international trade, with a particular focus on aspects of the political economy. These threads are described in the context of the past and present literature, as well as prospects for future research. Over the decades, the focus of the debate has shifted strongly. The analysed issues reflect not only current events affecting the shape of international trade, but also the availability of data or the growing range of quantitative tools. The observed progress and evolution of the political economy of international trade has brought numerous conclusions of scientific and practical importance.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2024, 11, 58; 33-41
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new method for calculating mirror data asymmetry in international trade
Autorzy:
Markowicz, Iwona
Baran, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
intra-community trade
mirror data
COMEXT
Opis:
Research background: Some statistics are of a bilateral nature. This is how foreign trade data is organized. They are recorded both in the supplier and recipient countries, hence they are called mirror data. The data recorded at both trading partner countries are not the same for different reasons. Such differences between data on the same groups of transactions are often referred to as the asymmetry of mirror data. The information about the value of the flows of goods are of great importance in economic analyses and therefore their quality is particularly important. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to present a new measure of data asymmetry - the aggregated quantity index with value-based weights. Methods: The proposed measure combines the quantity and the value of turn-over in individual trade relations. Such a measure makes it possible to eliminate basic deficiencies in value-based measures, while considering the specificity of trade in individual countries. The proposed measure of data asymmetry was confronted with several measures present in the literature and previously used by the Authors. The numerical example uses Comext data on intra-Community trade in 2017 provided by Eurostat. Findings & Value added: The proposed measure performs better than all the previously used data asymmetry indices. It is to some extent immune to exchange rate differences and inconsistencies resulting from the inclusion of transport and insurance costs in the value of goods. In addition, it gives lower weights to unimportant trade directions than other data asymmetry indices. Since the new index has proved to be better than the measures previously used, it is worth applying to those trade relations where the data are not de-rived from customs documents, but from declarations made by businesses, as in the case of intra-Community trade.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2020, 11, 4; 637-656
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola kredytu eksportowego jako czynnika determinującego sprzedaż międzynarodową na przykładzie wybranych krajów UE
The Role of the Export Credit as a Determinant of International Sales on the Example of Selected EU Countries
Autorzy:
Napiórkowski, Tomasz
Stolarczyk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558350.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Export Financing
Export Insurance
Trade Financing
International Trade
Opis:
In the era of globalization, international trade plays a role that is increasing in importance as a factor shaping not only individual economies, but also of the world economy. This makes an examination of its determinants important and relevant. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between financing in a form of export insurance and international trade. The study focuses on selected economies in the region of Central Europe. These countries include: Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania and Hungary. Given the lack of data, two Scandinavian countries have been added: Denmark and Sweden. Results obtained with an econometric model show that the higher the value of short-term export insurance to a given economy, the higher is the value of imports of that economy. This means that access to financing plays a significant role in determining of international exchange. This result should direct the attention of economists and economic policymakers towards the quality of the fi nancial system as a factor contributing to the size of international trade.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 2; 169-185
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU-South Korea FTA as one of the new generation agreements – an overview of the effects of the agreement
Autorzy:
Majchrowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/582841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
EU
FTA
international trade
South Korea
trade regionalism
Opis:
The changes in the structure of the world economy related to the proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) are reflected in activities undertaken by the EU, which, due to the crisis of multilateral negotiations, seeks alternative forms of gaining access to other markets. Thus, it concludes new-generation trade agreements with its partners as they entail broader and more comprehensive liberalization of trade than that within the WTO. Among them, the agreement which deserves a closer scrutiny is the very first agreement of this kind, signed with an Asian country in 2011, which marked the beginning of a new era in EU-Korean trade relations. An analysis of the volume and dynamics of trade between the two partners indicates good results, particularly for the EU, which has changed its role from a net importer to a net exporter and strengthened its position as one of the key trade partners of South Korea.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 486; 179-193
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Etyczne aspekty światowego systemu handlowego na przykładzie koncepcji Fair Trade
Ethical Aspects of the World Trading System Based on the Example of the Fair Trade Concept
Autorzy:
Grącik-Zajaczkowski, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-02
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Fair Trade
developing countries,
development disparities
international trade
Opis:
The effect of globalization is not only an improvement of living conditions in many developing countries, but also a widening of development disparities and economic inequalities between countries of the rich North and the poor South. Fair trade can be considered as a response to emerging problems of development. Therefore it is a form of assistance directed to the marginalized producers in the Global South by enabling them to manufacture, sell and distribute goods to markets in developed countries. This is an alternative to the existing formula of international trade, whose aim is to help producers in the South by integrating them into the current trading system under certain conditions. The idea is to create a new business relationship between producer and consumer, where the production and consumption are bound together in a new supply chain and where the economic benefits are distributed more fairly. It means that the prices of fair trade products are set at a level that would ensure a steady income to the producer and would lead to raising their living standards and prosperity. The ethical aspects of the fair trade system are clear, the problem is whether the fair trade standards can be used on a wider scale in the global economy, where there is a clash of certain ethical values with market economy rules based on maximizing profits and increasing efficiency.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2015, 18, 1
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ethical aspects of the world trading system on the example of Fair Trade
Autorzy:
Zajaczkowski, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Fair Trade
developing countries
development disparities
international trade
Opis:
The effect of globalization is not only an improvement of living conditions in developing countries, but also a widening of development disparities and economic inequalities between countries of the rich North and the poor South. The Fair Trade can be considered as a response to emerging problems of development. Therefore, it can be perceived as a form of assistance directed to the marginalized producers in the Global South by enabling them to manufacture, sell and distribute goods to markets in developed countries. This is an alternative to the existing formula of international trade; whose aim is to help producers in the South by integrating them into the current trading system under certain conditions. The idea is to create a new business relationship between producer and consumer, where the production and consumption are bound together in a new supply chain and where the economic benefits are distributed more fairly. It means that the prices of Fair Trade products are set at a level that would ensure a steady income to the producer and would lead to raising their living standards and prosperity. The ethical aspects of the Fair Trade system are clear. The problem is whether the Fair Trade standards can be used on a wider scale in the global economy, whereas there is an evident clash of certain ethical values with market economy rules based on maximizing profits and increasing efficiency.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 7; 45-58
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU Accession of Western Balkan States: The Role of CEFTA and WTO Membership
Autorzy:
Skrynka, Dmytro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53694812.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
International Law
International Trade
International Dispute
Balkans
Kosovo
Serbia
Opis:
The Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) is known to have positively affected the EU accession of several central and eastern European states. The fairly modest progress of EU accessions of Western Balkan states is in stark contrast to the processes of the EU accession of the parties to the original version of CEFTA. This article analyses the role of WTO membership as an external factor determining the efficacy of CEFTA in advancing the process of EU integration in the Western Balkans (2007–2024). The article identifies two key advantages of WTO membership in the context of CEFTA’s role in the process of EU accession. The first advantage is related to the use of WTO dispute settlement to ensure compliance with standards either identical or similar to those established by CEFTA. The second advantage is based on the relatively new WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), aimed at eliminating many of the barriers to international trade, which happen to be the key problems as regards regional economic integration in the Western Balkans. The article concludes that WTO membership could play a decisive role for the coordinated and efficient process of the European integration of Western Balkan states on the basis of CEFTA.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 143-158
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fragmentation and the value-added structure of exports in Polish industry
Autorzy:
Posłuszny, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/108328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
international trade
global value chains
fragmentation
globalization
Opis:
The accession to the European Union contributed to an increase in Poland’s foreign trade, and the growing export market is coupled with an increasing importance of intermediate imports, which is necessary to produce goods of appropriate quality and price. This phenomenon is a part of the process of fragmentation in global value chains. Fragmentation of the value chains should manifest themselves, in particular, in a multi-phase manufacturing process that requires many components of different types. In this paper, the recently available OECD database of the Trade in Value Added (TiVA) has been used to assess changes in the composition of gross exports of Poland and other Central Europe countries. In Poland, practically all sectors show a growing share of the imported value added. The cases analyzed confirm the thesis that the high technology sectors foster fragmentation. In the case of technologically lessadvanced sectors and short-value chains, benefits of fragmentation are limited. The progressing fragmentation and, as a consequence, a growing share of the imported value added made the gross export value (which is commonly used in statistics) of little use for the analysis of the economic role and competitive position of sectors. However, thanks to new projects based on I-O matrices of the global economy, it is possible to decompose gross exports into respective domestic and foreign value-added streams.
Źródło:
Managerial Economics; 2015, 16, 2; 149-159
1898-1143
Pojawia się w:
Managerial Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
WORLD TRADE AND REGIONAL TRADE ORIENTATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FORTHCOMING TRANSATLANTIC TRADE AND INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIP
Autorzy:
Czarny, Elżbieta
Folfas, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517124.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
European Union
United States
TTIP
Opis:
We analyse potential consequences of the forthcoming Trade and Investment Partnership between the European Union and the United States (TTIP) for trade orientation of both partners. We do it so with along with the short analysis of the characteristics of the third wave of regionalism and the TTIP position in this process as well as the dominant role of the EU and the U.S. in the world economy – especially – in the world trade. Next, we study trade orientation of the hypothetical region created in result of TTIP. We use regional trade introversion index (RTII) to analyze trade between the EU and the U.S. that has taken place until now to get familiar with the potential changes caused by liberalization of trade between both partners. We analyze RTII for mutual trade of the EU and the U.S. Then, we apply disaggregated data to analyze and compare selected partial RTII (e.g. for trade in final and intermediate goods as well as goods produced in the main sectors of economy like agriculture or manufacturing). The analysis of the TTIP region’s orientation of trade based on the historical data from the period 1999-2012 revealed several conclusions. Nowadays, the trade between the EU and the U.S. is constrained by the protection applied by both partners. Trade liberalization constituting one necessary part of TTIP will surely help to intensify this trade. The factor of special concern is trade of agricultural products which is most constrained and will hardly be fully liberalized even within a framework of TTIP. Simultaneously, both parties are even now trading relatively intensively with intermediaries, which are often less protected than the average of the economy for the sake of development of final goods’ production. The manufactured goods are traded relatively often as well, mainly in consequence of their poor protection after many successful liberalization steps in the framework of GATT/WTO. Consequently, we point out that in many respects the TTIP will be important not only for its participants, but for the whole world economy as well. TTIP appears to be an economic and political project with serious consequences for the world economy and politics.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 3; 105-128
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Venture Capital and Exporting – Some Evidence from EU Countries
Autorzy:
Bigos, Krystian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-25
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
export
internationalization
international trade
venture capital
financing
Opis:
Purpose: The aim of this article is to present the results of the research on the export of venture capital backed firms in the European Union countries. Methodology: For the purpose of this article, the author created four linear regression models. He decided for export revenue to be a dependent variable. Then, the author verified the influence of four independent variables on export value. Findings: The research found that the turnover of venture capital backed firms positively influences their export value. Moreover, the costs of employees also play an important role in export value explanation. Nevertheless, the empirical study did not confirm any strong positive correlation of analyzed firms’ export value with the number of employees and their share of shareholders’ funds in operating income. Limitations: The analyzed period was limited only to 2016. Second, the study used only one dependent and four independent variables. Further research must include other variables, especially moderating ones, such as entrepreneurship ratio or availability of external financing forms. Third, the regression models were based on data retrieved from Orbis Database and can induce uncertainty regarding its credibility. Originality: At present, there are still only few research studies that explore the export of venture capital backed firms.
Źródło:
Central European Management Journal; 2019, 27(1); 2-16
2658-0845
2658-2430
Pojawia się w:
Central European Management Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainability or protectionism in palm oil trade: The case (DS593) of Indonesia vs. the EU
Autorzy:
Radmann, Barbara Margarita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051169.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
biomass fuel
palm-oil
WTO
international trade
Opis:
This paper examines the case DS593 to understand whether the developments in question represent an attempt to further well-justified policy objectives relating to sustainability or represent protectionism in disguise. DS593 came as Indonesia’s reaction to the EU Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II) that limits and bans palm-oil imports for the “foreseeable future”. Indonesia’s strong economic dependence on palm oil exports led it to look at the justification of RED II critically and thus to highlight some inconsistencies. These inconsistencies center around the EU’s definition of high and low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) risk biofuels. A review of already existing literature on the subject, in combination with the actual WTO agreements were studied to query the issue. It is argued that further deliberation is needed on the side of the EU on what constitutes high or low ILUC risk and on other biofuels apart from palm-oil which are considered unsustainable for EU regulations to not be considered protectionist.
Źródło:
Academic Review of Business and Economics; 2021, 1(1); 1-16
2720-457X
Pojawia się w:
Academic Review of Business and Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Scope for EU–Japan cooperation in decarbonising the global LNG market
Szanse dla współpracy pomiędzy UE i Japonią w zakresie dekarbonizacji globalnego rynku LNG
Autorzy:
Lont, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2140649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-04
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
LNG
international trade
decarbonisation
handel międzynarodowy
dekarbonizacja
Opis:
Background: Global climate ambitions seem to be at odds with the future use of natural gas. However, the inability to fully electrify the demand for energy has forced developed economies to seek ways to decarbonise the gas industry. This article investigates the option to further use LNG terminals as a source of carbon-neutral energy supply for the EU and Japan, which together account for 50% of the global demand for LNG. Research purpose: The aim of this paper is to verify the potential pathways toward continued utilisation of the EU and Japanese LNG infrastructure in a low-carbon or even climate-neutral future. Methods: A literature review of different technologies that enable CO2-neutral gas production or imports is conducted to identify potential pathways for decarbonisation. A SWOT analysis of the two selected scenarios is then performed to present their upsides and downsides and to identify potential areas for cooperation. Finally, the costs associated with the two development paths are analysed to verify where the main challenges lie. Conclusions: The study confirms that the success of gas conversion facilities will rely heavily on technological advancements that would reduce the unit cost of natural gas processing. By contrast, biomethane imports will require operational support to effectively compete with other energy carriers. The author concludes that both gas decarbonisation scenarios analysed may well prove to be complementary. However, access to financing will likely pose a major challenge to the future utilisation of the existing LNG infrastructure.  
Przedmiot badań: Globalne ambicje klimatyczne zdają się pozostawać w sprzeczności z przyszłym wykorzystywaniem gazu ziemnego, jednak niezdolność rozwiniętych gospodarek do pełnej elektryfikacji zapotrzebowania na energię zmusza je do szukania innych metod dekarbonizacji nośników energii. W tym artykule zbadana została możliwość dalszego wykorzystywania gazu skroplonego jako źródła neutralnej klimatycznej energii dla państw Unii Europejskiej oraz Japonii, które obecnie odpowiadają za połowę światowego zapotrzebowania na skroplony gaz LNG. Cel badawczy: Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja potencjalnych scenariuszy dla dalszego wykorzystania infrastruktury LNG w Unii Europejskiej i Japonii zarówno w procesie dekarbonizacji ich gospodarek, jak i w neutralnej klimatycznie przyszłości. Metoda badawcza: Przeprowadzono kwerendę literatury traktującej o różnych technologiach wytwarzania lub importu neutralnych klimatycznie paliw gazowych celem identyfikacji metod dekarbonizacji sektora gazu ziemnego. Następnie przeprowadzona zostaje analiza SWOT dwóch najbardziej realistycznych scenariuszy celem prezentacji ich wad oraz zalet, jak też potencjalnych obszarów dla współpracy międzynarodowej pomiędzy krajami importującymi skroplony gaz. Na koniec zaprezentowane zostają szacunkowe koszty wynikające z dwóch analizowanych ścieżek rozwoju celem wskazania obszarów najtrudniejszych z perspektywy finansowania procesu dekarbonizacji. Wyniki: Wyniki potwierdzają, że sukces analizowanych technologii konwersji gazu ziemnego uzależniony jest od innowacji technologicznych mogących obniżyć jednostkowy koszt pozyskiwanego w ten sposób wodoru, podczas gdy możliwość importu biometanu wymaga subsydiowania zagranicznych producentów, by zapewnić ich konkurencyjność. Autor wskazuje, że oba analizowane scenariusze dekarbonizacji sektora gazu ziemnego mogą okazać się komplementarne, jednak dostęp do finansowania może stanowić fundamentalną przeszkodę dla przyszłego wykorzystywania istniejącej infrastruktury LNG.
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2022, 124; 121-150
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence Of Bilateral And Multilateral Trade Agreements On The State Regulation Of Economy
Autorzy:
Deineko, Oleksandr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/476231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
international trade
state regulation
barriers to trade
globalisation
integration
Opis:
Interconnection of the state regulation of economy, multilateral trade agreements of global and reginal level, as well as of bilateral agreements, is studied in this paper. Essence and impact of integrative economic processes, which develop through the aforementioned agreements, on tariff and non-tariff regulative instruments is analysed. Dynamics of integrative economic processes at different geographical levels are highlighted. General trends in additional integrative processes within the framework of the WTO and in the outcomes of such are explored in detail.
Źródło:
MIND Journal; 2019, 7; 1-10
2451-4454
Pojawia się w:
MIND Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The European Unions Trade and COVID-19
Autorzy:
Dugiel, Wanda
Mikołajek-Gocejna, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039234.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
European Union
International Trade
COVID-19
Economic Crisis
Opis:
The article analyzes the course of the unprecedented economic crisis in the last century caused by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic affects all spheres of economic life, causing a huge collapse in international trade, a collapse in industrial production, and a reduction in the inflow of services and foreign investments. The aim of the article is to analyze the causes and the counteraction of the European Union's breakdown in international trade turnover in 2020. The analysis uses a qualitative and quantitative method consisting in a review of international trade figures, statistics from Eurostat, World Trade Organization, IMF, and World Bank. The analysis examines the depth of the collapse of international trade, the most important entities in trade, including the European Union. The results of the economic analysis allow understanding the activities of the European Union institutions in the field of counteracting the negative effects of the collapse of international trade in the world and in the European Union.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2020, 24, 4; 75-90
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konkurencyjność handlu wewnątrzwspólnotowego surowcami roślinnymi i przetworzonymi produktami roślinnymi wybranych krajów członkowskich UE
The competitiveness of the plant materials and processed agricultural products intra-community trade in selected European Union member states
Autorzy:
Szubska-Włodarczyk, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
handel międzynarodowy
konkurencyjność
rolnictwo
international trade
competitiveness
agriculture
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest określenie pozycji konkurencyjnej handlu surowcami roślinnymi i przetworzonymi produktami roślinnymi Polski na tle wybranych krajów członkowskich UE. Skupiono się przede wszystkim na nowych krajach członkowskich UE. Zastosowano metodę analizy ex post ilościowych mierników konkurencyjności. Do analizy wykorzystano dane pochodzące z EUROSTAT oraz ComExt.
The aim of paper is determine the competitive position of Polish agricultural sector in intra community trade in plant materials and processed agricultural products against the new EU member states. The method is ex-post analysis of quantitative indicators of competitiveness. The analysis is based on data from Eurostat and Comext. The new EU member states have shown to be the least competitive among the plant products preparations. The EU 15 countries are compete in the agri – food. This is due to greater technological progress and mechanization in agriculture.
Źródło:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii; 2014, 1(34)
1429-3730
2450-095X
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Standardization and certification of the wooden packaging in international trade
Autorzy:
Frąś, J.
Olsztyńska, I.
Scholz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
wooden packaging
phytosanitary requirements
international trade
packaging logistics
Opis:
Standardization of requirements is a common practice in the trade of many products. The developed international standards and systems for wooden packaging (EPAL, UIC and ISPM15:2009) provide a unified standard for quality and safety that is updated and complemented by best practices and technologies. Confirmation of meeting the standard is to obtain a certificate or license. These standards have been recognized by logistics organizations, state administrations and packaging manufacturers in many countries in the world. The labeling of packaging meeting the requirements of the standards is recognizable and fulfills the function of confirming the legality of their origin and safety for the environment.
Źródło:
Research in Logistics & Production; 2018, 8, 1; 25-37
2083-4942
2083-4950
Pojawia się w:
Research in Logistics & Production
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transatlantyckie partnerstwo w dziedzinie handlu i inwestycji - wsparcie czy zagrożenie dla wielostronnych porozumień międzynarodowych?
Autorzy:
Dugiel, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/629903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
Polska
international trade, WTO, regional trade agreements, economic integration, United States
Opis:
The article analyzes the benefits and costs of establishing the Transatlantic Partnership in the field of trade and investment for the United States, the European Union and third countries, in the context of theory of economic integration and WTO regulations. The following factors that increase the strength of the beneficial trade creation effect were analyzed: the place of the United States and the European Union in world trade, the importance of intra-regional trade in total trade, the share of sectors in the integration process, the level of customs duties before integration. The negative impact of TTIP for third countries was also examined. A The TIPP and WTO agreements were compared, particularly the attempts to regulate investor-state disputes in TTIP.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2015, 1; 117-150
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effective Protection of Information Systems and Networks Against Attacks in the Era of Globalization
Autorzy:
Witczyńska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/504529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
Tematy:
globalization
information systems
security systems
international trade
internationalization
Opis:
In the era of globalization, more and more threats to the IT systems of many global companies will be observed. More and more attacks are effective and the losses caused by intrusions are systematically growing. The problem of ensuring the security of networks and computer systems is one of the most important issues of modern computer science. Today, more research is being done around the world to ensure the security of operating systems and applications.
Źródło:
Logistics and Transport; 2019, 41, 1; 51-56
1734-2015
Pojawia się w:
Logistics and Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EXPORT SPECIALIZATION IN SERVICES OF THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES
Autorzy:
Stefaniak-Kopoboru, Joanna
Kuczewska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
services
specialization
comparative advantage
Visegrad countries
Opis:
The importance of services and the international trade in services is growing systematically. There are some reasons for that, especially the rapid development of IT technologies. This increase in the international trade in services is a global phenomenon, however there are some other specific issues, other than economic or technological, which might influence the trade in services in particular countries. As for the countries of the Central and Eastern Europe such a factor could be the accession to the European Union (EU). The objective of the paper is to analyse the export specialization of the Visegrad countries in the international trade in services and how it changed over seven years after the EU accession. The service sector comprises of a variety of highly heterogeneous economic activities and the diversity of services is also reflected in the international trade of particular countries. Generally, the trade theories deal with trade of goods, but there are some attempts already to apply these theories for services. To find out the export specialization based on the comparative advantage in particular services, the main categories of services are analysed based on the adjusted RCA index assumptions. The analysis prepared in the paper is based on the balance of payment statistics provided by the WTO. The article is concluded by discussing the questions about the export specialization of particular countries and how it changed after the accession to the EU.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 2; 265-284
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What Determines Export Performances in High‑tech Industries
Autorzy:
Śledziewska, Katarzyna
Akhvlediani, Tinatin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1357521.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
international trade
high-technology
Visegrad group
gravity model
Opis:
The paper aims to identify the determinants of exports in high-technology sectors (high-tech, HT) of Visegrad countries (the Visegrad four, V4: Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary) and the core member states of the European Union (EU). Based on the augmented gravity model, we estimate the regressions on panel data of the bilateral export flows of the EU-15 and V4 with the rest of the world in 1999−2011, by employing the Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood (PPML) estimator. The comparison of the estimations of overall export flows with the estimates explicitly done for the high-tech sectors allows us to outline the main characteristics of the existing gap in high-tech export performances of the EU-15 and V4. Estimation results find that while for the EU-15, human capital accumulation is statistically significant and export flows increase with similarity in physical capital accumulation of the trade partner; for V4, instead of similarity, the difference in physical capital stock increases exports and human capital accumulation does not yield statistically significant effects.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2017, 1, 48; 37 - 49
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Participation in International Integration Associations as a Factor of Ukraine’s Global Competitive Power
Autorzy:
Zayats, Olena
Pryiatelchuk, Olena
Korol, Maryna
Palinchak, Mykola
Korol, Ihor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Instytut Ameryk i Europy. Centrum Europejskich Studiów Regionalnych i Lokalnych (EUROREG)
Tematy:
integration
collaboration
competitive advantages
liberalisation
international trade
association
Opis:
Current glocalisation processes require the identification of priority areas for Ukraine’s further integration into the international economy. The right choice of direction, tools and forms of implementation allows the government to determine, justify and implement a competitive strategy for the country. The study aimed to determine the relationship between international economic integration and Ukraine’s global competitive power. Identifying Ukraine’s sectoral comparative advantages in trade with the EU and evaluating the index of the regional orientation of Ukraine for specific groups of goods and services made it possible to define the effects of economic collaboration with the European region. The assessment of the complementarity index of Ukrainian–European trade relations revealed that Ukraine and the European Union are main trading partners. Furthermore, the analysis of the mechanism of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union proved that the agreement actively contributes to the growth of Ukraine’s global competitive power. Comparative analysis in historical retrospect revealed priority areas for improving the integration processes which help to form the main competitive advantages of the country.
Źródło:
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne; 2023, Special Issue; 37-49
1509-4995
Pojawia się w:
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oddziaływanie handlu międzynarodowego na środowisko w krajach rozwijających się
The impact of international trade on the environment in developing countries
Autorzy:
Gavryshkiv, Antonina Viktoria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-24
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
globalizacja
handel międzynarodowy
zanieczyszczenie
globalization
international trade
pollution
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie badawcze, czy zwiększenie eksportu z krajów rozwijających się wiąże się z poprawą jakości ich środowiska. W artykule zastosowano metody krytycznej analizy literatury oraz analizy danych statystycznych. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że jakość środowiska w krajach rozwijających się, uzyskujących wysokie dochody z handlu zagranicznego, może się poprawić w wyniku zastosowania eko-innowacyjnych technologii. Ponadto handel może wpływać pozytywnie na środowisko, ponieważ zwiększenie eksportu maksymalizuje dochód, co z kolei powiększa dochód per capita, a następnie – zgodnie z koncepcją środowiskowej krzywej Kuznetsa – zmniejsza w długim okresie degradację środowiska.
The main research question is whether increasing exports from developing countries during the globalization of the economy is associated with improving the quality of their environment. The article uses methods of critical literature review and statistical data analysis. The results of the conducted research indicate that the quality of the environment in developing countries receiving high revenues from foreign trade may improve as a result of using eco-innovative technologies. In addition, trade can have a positive impact on the environment, because increasing exports increases income, which in turn increases per capita income, and then, in line with the concept of the Kuznets environmental curve, reduces environmental degradation in the long run.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny; 2019, 4; 27-41
1898-2166
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal instruments for implementing sustainable development in the European Union and Mercosur’s Trade Agreement
Autorzy:
Król, Monika A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49056961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-02-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Mercosur
international trade
food safety
forests
climate change
Opis:
The subject of the study is the external trade relations of the EU as a subject of international law, concluded with organisations of states and individual countries within the framework of the EU Common Commercial Policy. The aim of the study is to assess the provisions of the EU-Mercosur Agreement made in terms of the choice of legal instruments for the association of the two regions in terms of sustainable socio-economic growth and trade, while ensuring environmental protection and consumer food safety. The essential considerations are preceded by a demonstration of the evolutionary changes in the approach to food safety and environmental protection in the EU’s external trade agreements and Mercosur’s internal regulations. The analysis carried out mandates a number of conclusions relating to the two chapters of the agreement governing food safety of imported food products and environmental protection. The norms as negotiated in the agreement do not implement the objective of sustainable development and should be renegotiated. The exclusion of the precautionary principle only confirms the thesis that has been put forward.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2023, 99; 493-517
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Australia a transatlantyckie partnerstwo handlowe i inwestycyjne
Australia and Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partenership
Autorzy:
Kozielski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/587898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Handel międzynarodowy
Inwestycje międzynarodowe
Partnerstwo Transatlantyckie
International investment
International trade
Opis:
Negocjacje Transatlantyckiego Partnerstwa Handlowego i Inwestycyjnego UE - USA (TTIP) mogą doprowadzić do utworzenia największej strefy wolnego handlu na świecie. Oddziaływanie tego procesu może mieć istotny, bezpośredni i pośredni, wpływ także na kraje trzecie, w tym Australię, dla której EU i USA są ważnymi partnerami gospodarczymi. Z tych gospodarek napływa do Australii największy wolumen zagranicznych inwestycji bezpośrednich. Wymiana handlowa, mimo że długookresowo charakteryzuje ją tendencja rosnąca, cechuje się zmienną dynamiką, a przede wszystkim znacznym, ujemnym dla Australii, bilansem obrotów handlowych i usługowych. Co istotne, udział UE i USA w australijskich obrotach handlowych słabnie na tle gospodarek azjatyckich, a zwłaszcza Chin. Ustanowienie TTIP może w istotny sposób wpłynąć na globalne strumienie handlu światowego i transferów kapitałowych, wzmacniając atlantycki ośrodek grawitacji gospodarczej i osłabiając dynamikę wzrostu niektórych gospodarek azjatyckich. Ponadto, z uwagi na wielkość ustanowionej strefy wolnego handlu, zasady i standardy przyjęte w ramach TTIP mogą stać się punktem odniesienia także dla innych gospodarek i procesów integracyjnych. Udzielone wzajemnie przez UE i USA koncesje, mogą stanowić zagrożenie dla niektórych towarów australijskich eksportowanych na te rynki. TTIP może także przyczynić się do osłabienia dynamiki procesu liberalizacji handlu w ramach WTO, którego Australia jest aktywnym członkiem, choć z drugiej strony może przybliżyć perspektywę utworzenia strefy wolnego handlu Australii z UE (z USA Australia już obecnie tworzy taką strefę). Rezultat negocjacji TTIP nie jest pewny i obecnie trudno przewidywać, czy strefa wolnego handlu w ogóle powstanie. Niemniej taki scenariusz stanowiłby istotne wyzwanie dla Australii, a nawet postawiłby ją przed koniecznością weryfikacji lub ponownego określenia jej strategicznych celów w stosunkach gospodarczych z innymi krajami, a także w niektórych aspektach wewnętrznej polityki gospodarczej.
Negotiations of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership EU − US may lead to creation of the world largest free trade area. Impact of this process may be, direc- tly and indirectly essential, for third countri es as well, including Australia, for which the EU and the USA are important economic partners. These economies are the most impor- tant sources of foreign direct investments in Australia. Trade flows, despite of increasing long-term tendency in value, are marked by changeable dynamics, and what is impor- tant, negative for Australia balance of exchange in goods and services. Essentially, the EU’s and the US’s share of Australia’s trad e are decreasing in comparison with its trade with Asian economies, particularly China. Establishment of the TTIP may change pa tterns of the world’s trade and capital transfers, reinforcing the Atlantic centre of the economic gravity and weakening dyna- mics of some Asian economies. Moreover, due to the size of such a free trade area, rules and standards adopted within TTIP may become a reference for other economies and integration processes. Concessions exchange d by the EU and the US, may jeopardize the position of some Australian goods exported to these markets. TTIP may also weaken dy- namics of the process of trade liberalization within WTO, where Australia is an active player, but on the other hand it may bring clos er the perspective of creation of Austra- lia’s free trade area with the EU (Australia has already established one with the US). The result of the TTIP negotiation is not certai n and presently it is hard to predict if the free trade area will come into existence. However, such a scenario would be challen- ge for Australia, and could require verifica tion, or even new definition of Australia’s strategic goals in economic relations with othe r countries, as well as in some aspects of its internal economic policy.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 184; 152-167
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Competitiveness of the New European Union Member States in International Trade in Knowledge-intensive Business Services
Autorzy:
Wyszkowska-Kuna, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633047.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
international competitiveness
international trade in services
knowledge-intensive business services
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to study and compare the competitiveness of the new EU member states in international trade in knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). The first part of the paper presents a definition of KIBS trade, indicators to measure competitiveness in international service trade, and a short review of research in this field. The second part of the study is empirical. First the author carries out an overall analysis of transactions on KIBS trade in the countries involved. Then the competitiveness of the new EU member states in KIBS export is studied (in total KIBS and in each category of KIBS). International competitiveness is measured by export performance, trade balance and the RCA index. The author compares the competitiveness in KIBS exports between the analyzed countries, and tries to answer the question whether it could have been positively affected by their accession to the EU. The paper uses the WTO database. The analyzed period covers the years 2000–2013, because data on particular categories of ‘Other business services’ have been available only since 2000. The analysis refers to the 12 countries that joined the EU in 2004 and 2007.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2016, 19, 3; 5-26
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Globalizacja a współczesny handel międzynarodowy
Globalization and Contemporary International Trade
Autorzy:
Dzun, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/593746.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Globalizacja
Handel międzynarodowy
Handel wewnątrzgałęziowy
Globalization
International trade
Intra-industry trade
Opis:
Globalization is a process that strongly influences the functioning of modern economies. One of the spheres, which has been undergone significant transformation as a result of globalization, is international trade. Since the eighties of last century, there has been a dynamic growth, which is reflected in growing of the relation of exports to GDP. There was also a radical change in the commodity and geographical structure. The new trade flows are created primarily by industrial and processed goods. Therefore, the importance of intra-industry trade is increased, a new geographical structure is created. Moreover, importance of the countries of Southeast Asia, particularly China and India, and Brazil, Mexico and Russia, which joined the group leaders, is growing.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2013, 139; 83-92
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of the J-curve effect in bilateral trade of Poland
Ocena efektu krzywej J dla dwustronnego handlu prowadzonego przez Polskę
Autorzy:
Slimakova, J.
Stavarek, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/78395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
estimation
J-curve
trade
bilateral trade
exchange rate
international trade
trade balance
Polska
Źródło:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Oeconomica; 2013, 73
2081-0644
Pojawia się w:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interakcje państwa i rynku w procesie liberalizacji handlu międzynarodowego - przejawy i znaczenie
State and market interactions in the process of international trade liberalisation - symptoms and implications
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/590932.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Handel międzynarodowy
Liberalizacja handlu
Państwo
Country
International trade
Liberalization of trade
Opis:
The aim of the study is to analyze the roles of the state and the market in liberalization of international trade. The article is divided into three parts. Part One identifies determinates of interaction between the state and the market in international economics. Part Two discus¬ses the decision-making mechanism in trade policy. Part Three the possibilities to influence this process by non-state actors, particularly multinational companies.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2015, 210; 254-264
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Production and trade of duck products in global view
Produkcja i sprzedaż produktów z kaczek w ujęciu globalnym
Autorzy:
Molnar, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/862931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists
Tematy:
animal production
duck
poultry product
trade
international trade
revealed comparative advantage
Opis:
Duck typically represents a smaller proportion in the poultry meat production of the world. However, certain European, as well as Eastern and South Asian countries produce a significant amount of duck meat. In the recent decades, production significantly increased both in these regions and worldwide. This study focuses on the international situation of the duck sector, as well as changes in production and trade trends. In addition, RCA indexes were used to examine the comparative advantages of duck meat and meat products in the world market of waterfowl products in the case of the most significant exporting countries of the world. It can be concluded that even though certain exporting countries have various trade and competitive advantages in the case of different products, other regions must face disadvantages.
W artykule przedstawiono międzynarodową sytuację sektora produktów kaczych, a także zmian w trendach produkcyjnych i handlowych mięsem kaczym. Mimo że kaczki stanowią nieduży udział w produkcji mięsa drobiowego na świecie, w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach produkcja tego mięsa znacznie wzrosła. Tendencję wzrostową produkcji mięsa kaczego odnotowano zarówno na świecie, jak i w krajach wschodniej Europy i w krajach południowoazjatyckich. W celu porównania zalet mięsa kaczego i innych produktów mięsnych z ptactwa wodnego na światowym rynku produktów w przypadku najbardziej znaczących krajów eksportujących wykorzystano wskaźniki RCA .
Źródło:
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu; 2017, 19, 3
1508-3535
2450-7296
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The EU as a Global Actor: The Significance of Changes in the World Order From 2004 to 2024 as Regards EU Actorness
Autorzy:
Bojinović Fenko, Ana
Brsakoska-Bazerkoska, Julija
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53683779.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-06-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
European Union
International Order
International Trade
Sustainable Development
Climate Change
International Security
Opis:
Contrary to the prevalent focus on the EU’s capabilities, this article analyses the implications for the EU’s global actorness stemming from changes in the world order. These changes are elaborated upon according to Hettne’s (2005) three-dimensional analysis of the world order, namely, its structure, mode of governance, and form of legitimisation from 2004 when the CEE countries became EU members, to 20 years into their membership in 2024. The main changes of the world order are identified as: the evolving multipolar international system; a transition from multilateralism towards plurilateralism; and the sporadic unilateral actions and delegitimisation of liberal world order alongside instances of the major powers’ disregard of international law. The article then elucidates the impact of these changes on EU actorness via illustrative case studies of issues dealt within the UN system and the WTO, namely, international trade, sustainable development, climate change, and international peace and security. Findings show that firstly, in an evolving multipolar international system, the EU aligns strongly with the US which maintains central power in security issues. Secondly, all case studies prove that the EU remains committed to transparent multilateralism. Thirdly, despite instances of increasing state-level disrespect of international law by the US, Russia, and China, the EU’s resolve and advocacy for international norms remains stable. The EU has managed to leverage its economic and normative capabilities along with its positive presence to exert legitimate leadership in, for example, digital trade agenda, the green transition, and artificial intelligence, but not in enlargement policy. And yet, the war in Ukraine has prompted the Union to bolster its military capability and upgrade its geopolitical strategy towards its neighbours. The authors conclude that the potential development of the EU’s defensive security capability – provided it is developed complementary to its unique market and normative power – offers an opportunity for the EU to reduce its capabilities/expectations gap and enhance its global actorness.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 2; 7-26
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Price transmission of melons (cucumis melo and citrullus lanatus) in Myanmar – China border trade
Autorzy:
Lwin, Wuit Yi Yi
Brorsen, Wade
Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141403.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
cantaloupe
international trade
marketing channel
vector autoregression (VAR)
watermelon
Opis:
Border trade is the main export channel for agricultural products from Myanmar (formerly Burma). With an increasing quantity and value of exports during the last few decades, melons have become one of the major crops in the national export strategy of Myanmar. In this paper, the word “melons” is used to represent both watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo) cultivars. No previous research exists on price transmission between these countries, especially for the horticultural produce market. This study aims to measure the magnitude and speed of spatial price adjustment in melons exported from Myanmar to China. Price transmission in the melon export market in Myanmar is analyzed by studying the lead-lag relationship among prices in the border market in Myanmar and the selected wholesale markets in Beijing, China, using a vector autoregressive model (VAR). Prices are transmitted quickly from Myanmar to the selected wholesale markets in Beijing, China. The wholesale market price in Beijing, China lags only one day behind the Myanmar price. In the Myanmar border market, the melon price is affected only by its own lagged price. The adjustment of melon prices in one day suggests that market information is getting passed up the market channel, and there does not appear to be a need for a policy to improve market efficiency.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2022, 65, 3; 209-217
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmieniająca się rola Japonii w handlu międzynarodowym
Evolving Japans Position in International Trade
Autorzy:
Mroczek, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
handel międzynarodowy
Japonia
inwestycje
offshoring
international trade
Japan
investment
Opis:
Do niedawna Japonia była postrzegana jako gospodarka wybitnie proeksportowa. I chociaż w dalszym ciągu należy do najważniejszych eksporterów na świecie, to analiza tradycyjnych statystyk handlu zagranicznego wskazuje na znaczne obniżenie się roli Japonii w międzynarodowym handlu. Równocześnie produkowane przez japońskie korporacje samochody, motocykle czy wyroby elektroniki użytkowej w dalszym ciągu utrzymują wysokie udziały na światowych rynkach. Ten pewnego rodzaju paradoks wynika z faktu, że coraz więcej „japońskich" produktów produkowanych jest poza Japonią. Silny spadek udziału Japonii w światowym eksporcie uwarunkowany był w dużym stopniu przyspieszeniem procesu delokalizacji produkcji. W wyniku szybko rosnących inwestycji zagranicznych w przemyśle coraz większa część produkcji japońskich korporacji powstaje za granicą, zastępując eksport. Zagraniczne filie japońskich korporacji produkują zarówno na lokalne rynki, jak i eksportują produkty do Japonii i krajów trzecich. Zmiana modelu japońskiego eksportu spowodowała istotne zmiany w jego strukturze towarowej (wzrost znaczenia dóbr pośrednich) i geograficznej (wzrost udziału azjatyckich krajów rozwijających się). Udział wyrobów finalnych w strukturze japońskiego eksportu jest obecnie relatywnie niewielki. Niemniej znaczenie Japonii w światowym handlu jest wyraźnie większe niż mogłoby to wynikać z udziału tego kraju w wymianie międzynarodowej. Japonia stała się kluczowym dostawcą bardzo wyspecyfikowanych części.
Until recently, Japan was seen as very pro-export economy. And although it remains one of the major exporters in the world, the traditional analyses of external trade statistics indicate a significant reduction of Japan's role in international trade flows. At the same time, cars, motorcycles, and consumer electronics produced by Japanese corporations maintain high shares in global markets. This paradox may be explained by the fact that more and more "Japanese" products are manufactured outside Japan. The strong decline in Japan's share in world exports has resulted to a large extent from the acceleration of the process of relocation of production. As a result of the fast-growing foreign investment in the industry, the growing share of the production of Japanese corporations is formed abroad replacing exports. Overseas subsidiaries of Japanese corporations produce not only for local markets but also for exports to Japan or third countries. Rapidly growing Japanese investment in the manufacturing sector abroad caused that an increasing part of the production of Japanese corporations replaces exports. Foreign subsidiaries of Japanese corporations produce both for local markets and export products to Japan and third countries. A fundamental change in the model of Japanese exports, which took place in recent years in connection with the relocation of a large part of the production, led to significant changes in its structure. First, this is reflected in the increase in the importance of intermediate goods. Second, there increased substantially in the structure of Japanese exports the share of developing countries in Asia, currently involved in the structure of the final products of Japanese exports, is relatively small. However, the importance of Japan in the world trade is far greater than could be due to the participation of the country in the international trade. Japan has become a key provider of highly specified components.
Źródło:
Unia Europejska.pl; 2013, 4; 3-10
2084-2694
Pojawia się w:
Unia Europejska.pl
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od handlu między państwami do handlu na poziomie przedsiębiorstw
From Trade Between Countries to Trade Between Businesses
Autorzy:
Serwach, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-03-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
international trade
heterogeneity of firms
productivity
incomplete contract theory
Opis:
The article focuses on the latest trends in the theory of international trade, which, according to the author, are relatively little known in Poland. Serwach sets out to show that the theoretical analysis of trade has evolved over the years toward purely microeconomic considerations. Referring to specific research reports, the paper describes the main directions of theoretical research today: a new theory of trade that takes into account the diversification of companies, a theory of trade conducted by multiproduct companies, and the so-called incomplete contract theory. Serwach shows that these new trends overlap and complement previously existing theories. The overview of the latest theories of international trade presented in the article prompts several conclusions. One of these is that many theoreticians focus on the relationship between a company’s productivity and its decision to go international with its business. The trends discussed in the article involve the problem of the significant role of fixed costs in shaping trade flows, the author says. Although the latest ideas make it possible to offer a theoretical explanation of many empirical phenomena in the trade of goods, Serwach says, these concepts have some limitations. These include the lack of in-depth modeling of demand and a tendency to ignore strategic interactions between firms.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2011, 246, 3; 47-65
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Key factors increasing competitiveness of agriculture in Ukraine
Kluczowe czynniki zwiększenia konkurencyjności rolnictwa na Ukrainie
Autorzy:
Chryniewicz, L.
Kyryliuk, D.
Wojtaszek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/870557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists
Tematy:
agriculture
product
international trade
competitiveness
producer
cooperative strategy
Ukraine
Opis:
Agriculture is one of the most important sphere in the world. It’s development is a key question for all countries. Ukraine takes significant part on agricultural markets and has a big potential for future development. In last times, Ukraine is growing its export of agricultural products to the EU-countries. On the world food markets its plant and animal products are taking leading positions and are highly competitive. Ukraine made a big step in agricultural development since 1990th. In present times domestic enterprises developing new technologies and increasing volumes of production and processing. The main key points of Ukrainian agriculture development in described in article. Based on data analyses of FAO, World Bank and State Statistical Service of Ukraine, it was defined main points of increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian agricultural products on the world market and forecasted its future development based on correlation and regression analysis which can help public and private sector to identify the strategies of cooperation with Ukrainian agricultural producers.
Przedstawiono najważniejsze i kluczowe punkty rozwoju rolnictwa na Ukrainie. Analizując dane Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych ds. Wyżywienia i Rolnictwa, Banku Światowego i Urzędu Statystycznego Ukrainy zdefiniowano główne punkty, które odpowiadają za zwiększenie konkurencyjności ukraińskich produktów rolnych na rynku światowym oraz dokonano prognozy jej przyszłego rozwoju opartego na korelacji i regresji, które mogą być pomocne dla sektora publicznego i prywatnego w przyjęciu strategii współpracy z producentami rolnymi z Ukrainy. Ukraina odgrywa znaczącą rolę na rynkach rolnych i dysponuje dużym potencjałem do dalszego rozwoju. W ostatnim czasie wzrósł eksport produktów rolnych z Ukrainy do krajów Unii Europejskiej. Na światowych rynkach żywności produkty pochodzenia roślinnego i zwierzęcego zajmują czołowe pozycje i są bardzo konkurencyjne. Począwszy od 1990 roku, Ukraina zrobiła duży postęp w zakresie rozwoju rolnictwa. Obecnie przedsiębiorstwa rozwijają nowe technologie oraz zwiększają wielkość produkcji i przetwarzania.
Źródło:
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu; 2016, 18, 1
1508-3535
2450-7296
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Network analysis of the intra-EU trade
Autorzy:
Modrzejewska, Anita
Biskup, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31340020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-11-30
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
network analysis
international trade
European integration
core-periphery structure
Opis:
The research presented in the paper used tools offered by network analysis and the graph theory. The study examined the empirical properties of the intra-EU trade network in the years 1999–2019 and confirmed that the EU trade links were of a disassortative nature. The use of network indicators has proven that the European trade network was characterised by a coreperiphery structure. The study shows that Germany was the undisputed leader of the EU trade network over the studied years, although its central position was weakening over the years.
Źródło:
Przegląd Statystyczny; 2023, 70, 2; 1-19
0033-2372
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Statystyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poszukując handlowych bram do Europy. Studium umowy o wolnym handlu Chiny-Szwajcaria
Looking for trade gateways to Europe. The study of the free trade agreement between China and Switzerland
Autorzy:
Michalski, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/586892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Chiny
Handel międzynarodowy
Regionalizm handlowy
Szwajcaria
China
International trade
Switzerland
Trade regionalism
Opis:
Regionalizm handlowy staje się współcześnie złożonym procesem, biorąc pod uwagę zarówno jego najważniejsze motywacje, wymiar prawny, jak i geograficzną strukturę ewoluującą w kierunku porozumień międzyregionalnych. Jednocześnie konkurencyjność produkcji przemysłowej gospodarek wschodzących w Azji wymaga aktywności w nawiązywaniu nowych umów handlowych, ukierunkowanych na utrzymanie atrakcyjności posiadanych preferencji (poza)taryfowych. Na tym tle ciekawym oraz istotnym przypadkiem jest chińsko-szwajcarska umowa o wolnym handlu (z 2013 r.). Można ją przede wszystkim interpretować w kategoriach stopniowych przygotowań Chin do bardziej kompleksowych negocjacji z kolejnymi partnerami. Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka strumieni handlu towarowego (2001-2015) między tymi krajami, wraz z próbą identyfikacji najważniejszych przewag konkurencyjnych, oraz określenie głównych motywów zawarcia porozumienia. W analizie wykorzystane zostały dane z bazy Międzynarodowego Centrum Handlu oraz dokumenty Światowej Organizacji Handlu.
Trade regionalism becomes a more and more complex process when taking into account both its primary rationales, legal dimension as well as geographical structure evolving towards cross-regional accords. At the same time competitiveness of industrial production of emerging economies in Asia requires enhanced activities in closing trade agreements aimed at sustaining attractiveness of (non-)tariff preferences. Against this background, a particularly interesting case is the free trade agreement between China and Switzerland (2013). It may represent a gradual preparation of the first to more complex accords with other countries. The goal of the paper is to characterise bilateral streams of trade in goods (2001-2015) together with an identification of competitive advantages, as well as an analysis of crucial motives for both parties of the agreement. The analysis is based on trade data from the International Trade Centre together with official documents of the World Trade Organisation.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2016, 305; 19-29
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU-Mercosur Trade Relations – Challenges and Prospects in the Light of the Completed Negotiations of the Trade Agreement
Stosunki handlowe UE-Mercosur – wyzwania i perspektywy w świetle zakończonych negocjacji umowy handlowej
Autorzy:
Majchrowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3200852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-11-15
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas
Tematy:
EU
FTA
international trade
Mercosur
trade relations
handel międzynarodowy
stosunki handlowe
UE
Opis:
Dynamic changes in world trade in recent years have provided an important impetus for the European Union to modify its trade policy and seek to strengthen bilateral relations, including through the negotiation of trade agreements. The completion of negotiations for an agreement with Mercosur is an important part of this effort. The aim of the paper is to present the results of research concerning the analysis of the EU-Mercosur trade relations and to indicate the perspectives of the negotiated deal. From the analysis carried out in the paper, it can be concluded that despite a mere 2% share of total EU trade, the Mercosur group is an important partner for the EU, and the opportunities for developing mutual cooperation are significant. This is supported not only by the untapped potential in mutual trade relations giving considerable chances to achieve significant savings after the implementation of the agreement, but also by external determinants that provide an additional significant incentive to strengthen the EU position in the region. To achieve the objectives of the study, the analytical and descriptive method was mainly used. The considerations were based mainly on original materials and scientific papers on EU trade policy, as well as data from reports of international organizations.
Dynamiczne zmiany zachodzące w handlu światowym w ostatnich latach stanowiły ważny impuls dla Unii Europejskiej do modyfikacji swojej polityki handlowej i dążenia do umacniania stosunków o charakterze dwustronnym, także poprzez negocjacje porozumień handlowych. Zakończenie negocjacji porozumienia z Mercosur stanowi istotny element tych działań. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań dotyczących analizy stosunków handlowych UE-Mercosur oraz wskazanie perspektyw negocjowanego porozumienia. Z przeprowadzonej w opracowaniu analizy można wnioskować, że mimo zaledwie 2% udziału w handlu UE ogółem ugrupowanie Mercosur jest ważnym dla UE partnerem, a możliwości rozwoju wzajemnej współpracy są znaczące. Przemawia za tym nie tylko niewykorzystany potencjał we wzajemnych stosunkach handlowych dający spore szanse na osiągnięcie istotnych oszczędności po wdrożeniu porozumienia, ale także zewnętrzne determinanty, które stanowią dodatkowy, ważny bodziec do umacniania unijnej pozycji w tym regionie. Dla realizacji celów opracowania zastosowana została głównie metoda analityczno-opisowa. Rozważania oparte zostały głównie na materiałach źródłowych oraz opracowaniach naukowych dotyczących unijnej polityki handlowej, a także danych z raportów organizacji międzynarodowych.
Źródło:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa; 2022, 2(XXII); 103-122
1644-9126
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Book review: Piotr Szwedo, Cross-border Water Trade: Legal and Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Brill Nijhoff, Leiden, Boston: 2018
Autorzy:
Winkiel-Skóra, Agata Helena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
book review
international law of water resources
international trade law
international environmental law
Opis:
Review of a book: Piotr Szwedo, Cross-border Water Trade: Legal and Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Brill Nijhoff, Leiden, Boston: 2018
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2018, 38; 300-302
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU-Australia Trade Relations – Current Stage and Future Challenges
Stosunki handlowe UE z Australią – stan obecny oraz wyzwania na przyszłość
Autorzy:
Majchrowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Australia
EU
FTA
international trade
trade regionalism
handel międzynarodowy
regionalizm handlowy
UE
Opis:
Faced with a visible stagnation in negotiations within the WTO, the EU prioritized bilateral trade agreements. In the EU’s newly-developed trade and investment strategy from 2015 named “Trade for All”, Australia’s significance as Europe’s close partner sharing European values and playing an important role both in the Pacific region and multilateral forums was clearly emphasized. The main assumptions of this strategy have become the starting point for taking more specific actions in the field of regulating trade relations between the EU and Australia in the form of the forthcoming “comprehensive and high-quality FTA.” Moreover, the current climate in the world trade (connected with e.g. American protectionism) is the cause of the EU’s interest in developing partnership with other, more predictable trade partners. Hence, the agreement planned by the EU would contribute to the stimulation of reciprocal exchange, which is of great importance bearing in mind Australia’s successfully signed FTAs with other countries, including those with EU’s key partners. Finally, the question of Brexit is not without significance in this context.
Wobec zastoju negocjacji na forum WTO priorytetem dla UE stały się dwustronne umowy handlowe. W przedstawionej w 2015 r. nowej strategii handlowej i inwestycyjnej EU “Trade for All” wyraźnie podkreślono znaczenie Australii jako bliskiego partnera Europy, podzielającego europejskie wartości oraz odgrywającego ważną rolę zarówno w regionie Azji Pacyfiku, jak i na forach wielostronnych. Zapisy tej strategii stały się punktem wyjścia do podjęcia konkretnych działań w zakresie pełniejszego uregulowania stosunków handlowych EU z Australią w postaci przyszłej wszechstronnej FTA. Ponadto, bieżąca sytuacja w handlu światowym (związana m.in. z amerykańskim protekcjonizmem) powoduje, że UE dąży do pogłębiania współpracy z innymi, bardziej przewidywalnymi partnerami handlowymi. Planowana umowa przyczyni się zatem do pobudzenia wzajemnej wymiany, co jest szczególnie ważne w świetle podpisanych już przez Australię umów FTA z innymi państwami, w tym także kluczowymi partnerami UE. Nie bez znaczenia pozostaje również kwestia Brexit’u.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2018, 2; 127-142
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
International Trade and Imperial Precursors: The Evolution of a New Nigerian Economy in the 19th and 20th Centuries
Autorzy:
Abdulyakeen, Abdulrasheed
Muktar, Abdullahi Isma’eel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30145842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Foreign Debt
International Trade
Imperial Precursors
Nigerian Economy
International Financial Institution (IFI)
Opis:
Capitalism has perpetuated class antagonism which breeds dissatisfaction amongst people in a bid to seek equality and justice in the distribution of power and economic resources. This study analyses International Trade and Imperial Precursors into the New Nigerian Economy in the 19th and 20th Century. Using data generated from secondary sources and descriptive analysis, it has been realized that the Nigerian economic elite play negative role in the economic dependency processes of the country. Finding also reveals that, Government policies in Nigeria are foreign oriented in nature, therefore, favoring foreign western economies at the detriment of Nigerian interest. The study conclude that there is a need to channel our energies to producing for internal needs and consumptions but these calls for a change in the values of principle of the indigenes, there are far too many acts of indiscipline and self–indulgence on the part of the generality of our people in all the starter of our society.
Źródło:
Acta Politica Polonica; 2023, 55; 87-112
2451-0432
2719-4388
Pojawia się w:
Acta Politica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczno-ekonomiczny rozwój krajów ASEAN+3 - analiza porównawcza
Socio-economic Development of ASEAN+3 Economies - Multivariate Comparative Analysis
Autorzy:
Pawlas, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/593492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Gospodarka światowa
Handel międzynarodowy
Organizacje międzynarodowe
International organisations
International trade
World economy
Opis:
One can observe growing importance of Asian economies in contemporary world economy. An attempt has been made in the paper to analyze socio-economic development of thirteen Asian countries, namely ASEAN countries, China, Japan and South Korea. Z. Hellwig's taxonomic measure of develoment has been applied for the analysis. Research has been made for the year 2006 and 2009.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2013, 136; 245-256
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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