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    Tytuł:
    Food for Life: Galen’s "On Health" ("De sanitate tuenda")
    Autorzy:
    Wilkins, John
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234037.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    ancient medicine
    Greek medicine
    Galen
    'De Sanitate Tuenda'
    health
    disease
    food
    Opis:
    In Galen’s view, health was a natural state and disease unnatural. If a body became unwell, balance was best restored by adjustments to daily life, in particular to the environment, food and drink, exercise, sleep, physiological balance and mental health. If none of these worked, only then should drugs or more drastic treatments be considered. Galen sets out in On Health how the natural state is best preserved, starting from birth, through childhood, to adulthood and old age. There are several features to be noted, not least the relentlessly male focus (with childbirth the major area of consideration for women specifically) and the use of the idealised young man as the canon against which to measure all bodies. This latter feature has led commentators to suppose that Galen only has the leisured rich class in mind, wrongly I believe. Two recent translations in the Loeb series (Johnston) and in the CUP Galen series (Singer forthcoming) have made the text readily available to all, and further discussion is timely. In my paper I will focus on Galen’s use of diet and massage to keep the body healthy. I shall also consider the unhealthy body which takes up the last three of the six books, as the life span nears later age and greater fragility. Even here, Galen prefers food and gentle remedies to bloodletting and drugs (which are in effect often stronger versions of food plants). Galen claims that this regime has kept him healthy for 50 years, despite his less than perfect constitution and lifestyle. He is thus a doctor who experiments on himself to promote a lifestyle which, he claims, should, after an initial assessment, maintain the patient without need of a doctor for life.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ceranea; 2023, 13; 153-164
    2084-140X
    2449-8378
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ceranea
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cakes and Breads in Oribasius’ Collectiones medicae
    Autorzy:
    Jagusiak, Krzysztof
    Kokoszko, Maciej
    Rzeźnicka, Zofia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046680.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-01-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    ancient Greek medicine
    the Works of Oribasius
    ancient gastronomy
    ancient Greek dietetics
    Opis:
    Oribasius (4th century A.D.), Greek doctor, created at least four medical works. The most important of them is Collectiones medicae. We are going to present two foods described there: cakes and breads based on cereal products, described in the beginning of the 1st book. For ancient Mediterranean societies cereals were food which constituted the staple of the diet for the overwhelming majority of the population.
    Źródło:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae; 2015, 25, 1; 127-140
    0302-7384
    Pojawia się w:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pharmaceutical Terminology in Ancient and Medieval Time – "Andrachne", "Chrysocolla" and Others
    Autorzy:
    Zipser, Barbara
    Scott, Andrew C.
    Allkin, Robert
    Gan, Peretz
    Lardos, Andreas
    Lazarou, Rebecca
    Lev, Efraim
    Nesbitt, Mark
    Patmore, Kristina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339049.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    pharmacognosy
    Byzantine medicine
    medicinal plants
    medicinal minerals
    medical history
    Greek medicine
    'materia medica'
    Opis:
    Ancient and medieval pharmacological and medical texts contain a substantial amount of plant and mineral names. In some cases, the identification is straightforward. But for the majority of the data, we are unable to identify these ingredients with high certainty. In this paper, we discuss a selection of plant and mineral names both from a humanities and sciences point of view. In one case, the scientists were even able to examine a plant in situ. The conclusion of our paper is that a close collaboration between sciences and humanities is essential to avoid mistakes in the identification of materia medica.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ceranea; 2023, 13; 715-736
    2084-140X
    2449-8378
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ceranea
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Concept of Whole Substance in Galen’s "Simple Medicines"
    Autorzy:
    Wilkins, John
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027743.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    ancient medicine
    Greek medicine
    Galen
    concept of whole substance
    De simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis et facultatibus
    On the Mixtures and Capacities of Simple Medicines
    Opis:
    Galen’s great treatise on drugs, Simple Medicines, begins with 5 theoretical books which explain the mechanisms of drug actions in the following catalogues. The key agent of change is the mixture of the qualities hot, cold, wet and dry. But drugs also have substance, the leaf, root or fruit of plants, the material of animals and minerals. How does substance act on the human body? This is one of the key questions for the theory of drugs, since mixtures had already been explored by Galen in Mixtures. Galen’s exploration of substance brings him to the composition of a drug – in thick or fine particles – and to the notion of substances in the plural and the notion of whole substance in the cases of foods and poisons, all of which Galen places in the class of drugs. Whole substance is the core of the paper. Galen’s understanding of substance as of qualities depends heavily, as often, on Aristotle. The paper presents an argument based on the key passages in Simples I–V, which I have recently translated for the Cambridge Galen series, as too on related passages in Mixtures and On the Capacities of Foods. 
    Źródło:
    Studia Ceranea; 2021, 11; 479-491
    2084-140X
    2449-8378
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ceranea
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Monastic Diet in the Light of Medical Science. Theodoret of Cyrus and Medics on Dates and Figs
    Autorzy:
    Kokoszko, Maciej
    Jagusiak, Krzysztof
    Dybała, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032069.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Theodoret of Cyrus
    Syrian ascetics
    diet
    dates
    figs
    Greek and Roman medicine
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to present the menu of early Christian monks in the context of the findings of Greek and Roman medicine in the field of dietetics. It draws from the passages of Historia religiosa by Theodoret of Cyrus about the consumption of dates and figs by Syrian ascetics. Both species of fruit did not comprise the basis of the monks’ limited diet. Figs and dates were treated as additional food by them, which they ate rarely and in small quantities. According to Theodoret, they did so especially when their bodies were weakened, during long and exhausting fasts. According to modern dietetics, this was justified as both figs and dates are calorie- and nutrientrich foods, which consumed even in small amounts can significantly supplement an adult’s daily balance in this regard. The authors of ancient and medical texts stemming from the tradition of Antiquity (Galen, Oribasius, Antimus, Aëtius of Amida, Paul of Aegina and others) also drew attention to the nutritious quality of dates and figs, in addition to numerous others health-promoting properties (especially in the context of the latter species). However, they further noted that excessive consumption of both fruits could lead to some health problems. In the context of these findings, occasional consumption of dates and figs by Syrian ascetics appears justified, as they could provide their weakened bodies with food of high energy value and nutritious content, whose small amount – and, therefore, fitting in the ideal of mortification – would suffice to improve their health condition.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ceranea; 2020, 10; 123-140
    2084-140X
    2449-8378
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ceranea
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Scientific Realism and the Objects of Medicine in the Hippocratic Treatise On the Art
    Autorzy:
    Cales, Kevin Ray
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057140.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-30
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    scientific realism
    medicine
    ancient Greek philosophy
    sophism
    abstract objects
    ontology
    Opis:
    On the Art is a polemical treatise in the Hippocratic corpus that has been dated to 450–400 Bce. As a polemical work, the author defends the existence of medicine against detractors. i argue that the author employs two arguments for scientific realism in defense of medicine that are among the earliest known. First, i situate the work in the context of the sophistic movement and the nomos vs. physis debate. Second, i analyze the two arguments in On the Art ii, and i argue by contraposing spatiotemporalist, constructivist, and realist interpretations of the passage that the author grapples with the semantic stretch of the word εἶδος. thereafter, i propose the arguments are best understood as indispensability arguments in which medical realism is defended in order to explain clinical practice.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2022, 11, 2; 229-248
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Lekarz Hermiasz z Kos w świetle źródeł epigraficznych
    Hermias of Kos, the physician, in the light of epigraphic sources
    Autorzy:
    Kaczyńska, Elwira
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143554.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-08-18
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Greek epigraphy
    honorary inscriptions
    ancient medicine
    the Hippocratic school
    Lyttian war
    Opis:
    The aim of my article is to discuss six Hellenistic inscriptions which mention Hermias, son of Emmenidas, a distinguished physician from Kos. Two longer honorary inscriptions are connected with Hermias’ five-year stay on the island of Crete as a public doctor. The epigraphic sources in question will be carefully reviewed, translated into Polish and commented on the article.
    Źródło:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae; 2022, 32, 1; 7-39
    0302-7384
    Pojawia się w:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Język grecki – współczesna koine w terminologii medycznej
    Greek Language – Modern Koine of Medical Terminology
    Autorzy:
    Narecki, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933363.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Greek language
    koine dialect
    Latin
    etymology
    history of medicine
    medical terminology
    Opis:
    The article touches upon the issue of the provenance of the vast majority of modern medical terms (about 90-95%), used in the language of professionals (doctors, pharmacists, etc.) and in the so called professional literature. The author attempts to: (1) first, outline historical conditions of the development of medicine and its terminology, justifying the thesis formulated in the title; (2) then, in a simplified manner, indicate the rules of technical terms' formation, thus, demonstrating the dominant role of the two classical languages, Greek and Latin (with the overwhelming supremacy of the former), in the structure of the created neologisms. The history of medicine and the analysis of its language, carried out on the selected examples, lead to the following conclusions: (1) „classical” (especially ancient Greek) vocabulary is the universal key to understanding contemporary medical terminology; (2) knowledge of the vocabulary and of the rules that govern the system of creating new terms, facilitates, firstly, mastering the terminology by a medicine student, secondly, its understanding among other professionals (for instance, pharmacists, veterinary surgeons, etc.) and even „laymen” (through etymology); and finally, (3) it is possible for the translators to provide a universal (in most cases) translation by means of almost identical terms, regardless of the target language.
    Le grec – la koinè moderne de la terminologie médicaleLe présent texte concerne la question d’origine de la grande majorité des termes médicaux modernes (entre 90 et 95%), employés par les spécialistes (médecins, pharmaciens, etc.) et par la littérature du domaine. Tout en expliquant la thèse posée dans le titre, l’Auteur tente premièrement d’esquisser le développement de la médecine dans son contexte historique, ensuite, passant par des simplifications nécessaires, il essaie d’indiquer les règles de formation des termes techniques, montrant le rôle dominant de deux langues classiques – du grec et du latin (où ce premier prime d’une manière tout à fait naturelle) – dans la structure des néologismes créés. L’histoire de la médecine et l’analyse de son langage, menée à l’aide de quelques exemples choisis, conduisent l’Auteur à une série de conclusions: (1) le lexique « classique » (surtout celui du grec ancien) constitue la clé de voûte pour la compréhension de la terminologie médicale moderne; la connaissance de ce lexique, ainsi que la conscience des règles qui régissent sur le système de formation des termes nouveaux, facilitent (2) la maîtrise de la terminologie spécialisée et son intercompréhension parmi d’autres spécialistes (pharmaciens, vétérinaires); enfin, elles offrent (3) aux traducteurs la possibilité d’une traduction universelle (dans la plupart de cas), recourant aux termes quasi-identiques, indépendamment de la langue cible.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2011, 59, 8; 151-165
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Greccy lekarze w oczach rzymskiej elity (od Republiki po I w. n.e.)
    Autorzy:
    Ángeles Alonso, María
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/607634.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    ancient medicine
    Greek physicians
    medicus
    Roman aristocracy
    Roman gravitas
    starożytna medycyna
    greccy lekarze
    rzymska arystokracja
    rzymska gravitas
    Opis:
    In the 3rd century BC, Greek doctors brought scientific medicine to Rome. The arrival of new therapeutic practices, which were the inheritance of a different mental and cultural framework, provoked a double reaction at Rome. On the one hand, philhellenic circles promoted the presence of physicians in the city and in aristocratic households. On the other hand, the part of the elite that defended the safeguarding of the Roman gravitas condemned both the new medicine and the physicians. The assimilation of Greek medicine in Rome was accomplished in the 1st century BC. However, the attitude of Roman elite towards doctors continued to be ambiguous, since these doctors came usually from the East and practiced a foreign medicine. The aim of this paper is to analyze the attitude of the Roman elite towards those who had to take care of their health. With the help of literary sources like Cato the Elder, Cicero or Pliny, we will evaluate to what extent these physicians who interacted in the life of the aristocracy were perceived as carnifici who killed or amici who healed.
    W III w. p.n.e. greccy lekarze przywieźli medycynę naukową do Rzymu. Pojawienie się nowych praktyk terapeutycznych, będących dziedzictwem odmiennych ram mentalnych i kulturowych, wywołało podwójną reakcję w Rzymie. Z jednej strony kręgi filhellenistyczne promowały obecność lekarzy w mieście i domach arystokratycznych, z drugiej zaś część elity, która broniła grawitacji rzymskiej, potępiła zarówno nową medycynę, jak i lekarzy. Asymilacja medycyny greckiej w Rzymie została dokonana w I w. p.n.e., jednak postawa elity rzymskiej wobec lekarzy była nadal niejednoznaczna, ponieważ lekarze ci przychodzili zwykle ze Wschodu i praktykowali lekarstwo obce. Celem artykułu była analiza postawy elity rzymskiej wobec tych, którzy musieli zadbać o swoje zdrowie. Za pomocą źródeł literackich autorstwa m.in. Kato Starszego, Cycerona czy Pliniusza, oceniono, do jakiego stopnia ci lekarze, którzy oddziaływali na życie arystokracji, byli postrzegani jako carnifici, którzy zabijali, lub amici, którzy uzdrawiali.
    Źródło:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia; 2018, 73
    0239-4251
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Poemat dydaktyczny Markellosa z Side o leczniczych walorach ryb morskich
    A Didactic Poem by Marcellus of Side on the Healing Value of Sea Fishes
    Autorzy:
    Tadajczyk, Konrad
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043417.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    ancient medicine
    dactylic hexameter
    didactic poetry
    Greek ichtyonymy
    kinds of fish
    Marcellus of Side
    Mediterranean Sea
    sea animals
    Opis:
    The article describes a preserved poetic fragment commonly called De piscibus, written by Marcellus of Side. He was a physician and a renowned epic poet, who lived in the town of Side (Pamphylia) in the second century AD. In the analyzed fragment (v. 41–101), being an extract from his didactic epos entitled Cheironides, Marcellus of Side presents a number of remedies prepared from some marine animals, especially fishes, living in the Mediterranean Sea.
    Źródło:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae; 2021, 31, 2; 27-42
    0302-7384
    Pojawia się w:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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