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Wyświetlanie 1-100 z 3986
Tytuł:
Airbase as Defended Asset for Air Defense
Autorzy:
KOŁATA, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air defense
air base
air threats
Opis:
Lessons learnt during recent wars and conflicts indicate that the pivotal precondition for success is neutralization of aviation in the initial period of conflict. Eliminating aviation from combat allows us to gain advantage (superiority) in the air and provides convenient conditions for the conduct of combat activities by one’s own forces. One of the ways to achieve this objective is to destroy air bases with their aircraft, security potential and infrastructure, which is necessary for their operation and proper functioning. Under these conditions, air defense of the air base becomes particularly important. The complexity of the problem stems from the increased possibility of impact from the air and the significance of the air base in aviation operations. That is why it is worth looking at the air base from the point of view of air defense.
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2019, 5, 1; 37-45
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of the Aerial Defence of Air Bases : Concepts and Lessons Learned
Autorzy:
Kołata, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
air defence
air superiority
military air base
Opis:
The lessons learned during wars and armed conflicts indicate that the main factor influencing the aerial defence of air bases were directly related to the rapid development of the combat capabilities of aerial threats. Air bases have been lucrative targets for enemy air strikes since the first documented attack by a British aircraft on a German airfield in 1914 and have remained so for contemporary military air operations. The article discusses the evolution of concepts and lessons learned in the field of aerial defence of air bases that resulted from armed conflicts and local wars. The analysis includes armed conflicts, which, according to the author, have reflected the changes in the organisation of the aerial defence of air bases, including the repulsion of air strikes against aviation on the ground. Attention was paid to the conditions related to the aerial defence of aviation on the ground during the First World War. A more thorough analysis was made of the Second World War period, focused on the Western Front and the defence of Poland. Particular attention was paid to the Battle of Britain, noting the importance of the organisation of the radar air surveillance system in the context of the effectiveness of air defence. The focus of the analysis then shifts to the aerial defence of air bases during armed conflicts after the Second World War: the Vietnam War (1965-1973), the Yom Kippur War (1973), the defence of air bases in the Yom Kippur War (1973), and NATO operations from the air against air bases during the Deny Flight / Deliberate Force (1992-1995) and Allied Force (1999) operations. The article also makes a preliminary assessment of the aerial defence of air bases during the ongoing conflict in Syria.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej; 2019, 1(114); 53-74
2543-6937
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected Aspects of Contemporary Air Threats
Autorzy:
Kulik, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/930354.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air threats
air safety
air assault assets
safety
Opis:
One of the factors affecting the security of a state is air threats. Their nature often exerts a negative impact on both the functioning of the state and using airspace. The purpose of this article is to define the term of air threats and characterize contemporary air threats, illustrated with numerous examples. The scientific deliberations lead to outlining possible development trends in this respect, in relation to technological progress. The article ends with several concluding statements with regard to an analysis of prospective air threats. It also shows possible development trends in the discussed matter. The final part of the article is devoted to conclusions regarding the transformation of contemporary air threats.
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2020, 1; 11-21
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of intensity of charge air intercooling on diesel engine gas
Autorzy:
Hlavńa, V.
Kovalčik, A.
Krakovsky, J.
Labuda, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air intercooling
two-stage charge air intercooling
lower temperatures
air-to-air intercooler
water-air intercooler
Opis:
The intercooling of charge air is one way of possible arrangements done while preparing fuel for diesel engines with the objective of lowering the environmental load. Such intercooling has other positive effects, e.g. the output increase, decrease in the maximal temperature of engine working cycle, decrease in thermal load of functional parts in the combustion space. Coolers of different constructions and versions are used for the charge air intercooling. As we have already presented in conferences and professional journals, we have been engaged in basic research into the non-conventional energetic system with the cooling combustion engine (the engine cooling circle is the ejector of absorption cooling). The obtained cold can be used for different purposes, e.g. for air conditioning of the maintenance room, cooling of goods storage space in trucks and also for more intensive intercooling of the charge air. Simultaneously with the mentioned topics we have been partially dealing with the influence of more intensive intercooling on the engine ecological parameters. We have presented some results of mathematical modelling connected with the mentioned topic. The paper is a continuation of previous publications and focuses on results of the experiment observing a two-stage charge air intercooling to lower temperatures. The air-to-air cooler was used as the first intercooling stage while the second stage was performed by means of the water-air intercooler.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 177-184
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contemporary threats to the state air defence system
Autorzy:
Radomyski, Adam
Materak, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
air defence
air defence systems
fighter aircraft
ballistic missiles
air threats
air terrorism
Opis:
The contents of this article are focused on presenting the results of research concerning development of the means of air threat as a major determinant of changes in the modernisation of the air defence system in Poland. In this regard, the authors emphasise the role and means of air threat as a kind of pacemaker development of air defence systems. In this article, the main area of scientific considerations are technical and tactical aspects concerned with the evolution of manned and unmanned aircraft. The directions of their development of combat capabilities and an estimate of their use in contemporary and future battlefields against military objectives and non-military ones are covered. The article has high educational value and highlights future threats to the state air defence system and development trends in the twenty-first century.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2016, 11, 2; 45-69
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of air purification methods in urban open spaces
Autorzy:
Rusowicz, Artur
Grzebielec, Andrzej
Ruciński, Adam
Niewiński, Grzegorz
Laskowski, Rafał
Jaworski, Maciej
Mielewczyk, Wojciech
Całun-Nadulski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air pollution
air purification
air purification in public space
Opis:
Cities, but also villages around the world, are struggling with air pollution that can lead to illness and even death of citizens. This phenomenon causes that many local governments are going to build an air purification installations in public spaces. The article presents an analysis of air quality in the center of Polish cietes like Warsaw, Krakow and Zakopane for PM10 and PM2.5 dusts in December 2018. There are proposed ways to improve the air quality in open urban spaces.
Źródło:
Modern Engineering; 2019, 3; 103-108
2450-5501
Pojawia się w:
Modern Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy ze smogiem w Europie – wspólny raport o jakości powietrza
Problems with Smog in Europe – Joint Report on Air Quality
Autorzy:
Dudek, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
air quality
pollution
smog
air protection
air quality report
Opis:
Air pollution is the reason for huge damages to European Union citizens’ health. Every year, some 400,000 Europeans die prematurely as a result of excessive levels of such substances as suspended dust, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. It is despite the fact that the EU legal regulations on the permissible values of air pollutants have been in force for almost thirty years. In order to broaden the knowledge of air pollution as well as the ways to implement and the effectiveness of the policy on air protection in individual Member States, the Supreme Audit Office and the Netherlands Court of Audit coordinated the largest international audit in the field of environmental protection in the history of the European Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions – EUROSAI. The audit resulted in a joint audit report on air quality, based on the findings of the audits conducted in the countries that participated in this project.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2019, 64, 3 (386); 51-57
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The National Air Pollution Control Programme in Poland – Selected Legal Issues
Autorzy:
Radecka, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
air
air protection
nec directive
Opis:
The article focuses on Poland’s obligations arising from Article 6 of the Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC[1]. The objective of the article is to present legal solutions adopted in the National Air Pollution Control Programme (further referred to as the NAPCP) in Poland. This is preceded by an analysis of this document in the context of other legal instruments for environmental protection, and an evaluation of its effectiveness.
Niniejszy artykuł skupia się na wskazaniu zobowiązań Polski wynikających z art. 6 dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) 2016/2284 z dnia 14 grudnia 2016 r. w sprawie redukcji krajowych emisji niektórych rodzajów zanieczyszczeń atmosferycznych, zmiany dyrektywy 2003/35/WE oraz uchylenia dyrektywy 2001/81/WE[1]. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie rozwiązań prawnych przyjętych w krajowym programie ograniczania zanieczyszczeń powietrza (dalej: KPOZP) w Polsce, z wcześniejszym umiejscowieniem tego dokumentu na tle innych prawnych instrumentów ochrony powietrza, oraz ocena jego skuteczności.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 40, 1; 7-23
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russia’s and NATO’s use of air power in comparison: what is to be expected?
Autorzy:
Grimshaw, Steven
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/534410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
Air power
Russian air force
NATO air power
Future warfare.
Opis:
This research analyses the Russian approach to the use of air power supporting direct subordination to ground forces in comparison with NATO’s approach of an independent component directly conducting the military objective through deep air operations. By drawing upon mostly open sources, this paper sheds light on possible advantages and limitations of both sides’ peculiar approaches in regards to possible future military encounters. Despite taking NATO’s evolution of air power into account, it becomes clear that the Russian military air forces cannot fully adapt in the near future due to mainly historical, economic, technological and geopolitical factors. Therefore, Russia’s air forces are rather unbalanced and incapable of applying the full potential of air power. Through analysing the origins and emphasising further implications as to future development, this research highlights the importance for NATO to focus more on achieving and maintaining air superiority including exploitation of its clear advantage in long-range aviation.
Źródło:
Security Forum; 2017, 1, Volume 1 No. 1/2017; 123-136
2544-1809
Pojawia się w:
Security Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona powietrza przed zanieczyszczeniami – dlaczego w Polsce nie można odetchnąć pełną piersią?
Protection of Air against Pollution – Why Cannot We Get a Breath of Fresh Air in Poland?
Autorzy:
Pankowska, Marta
Gorczyca, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
quality of the air
air pollution
air protection programmes
pollutants
Opis:
At the time when Poland joined the European Union, the quality of the air in the country was far from the European standards. At the moment, the level of certain pollutants in the air is still high, which may result in legal proceedings of the European Union bodies against Poland, and consequent substantial financial charges. What is worse, it is estimated that as many as 45,000 Poles die every year due to air pollution. That is why NIK has decided to conduct an audit aimed at evaluating the activities of public entities undertaken with a view to improving the quality and protection of the air in the period between the year 2008 and the first half of the year 2014. The audit covered: the functioning of air monitoring, the development of air protection programmes by individual bodies of regional self-governments and the performance of tasks set out in these programs by competent self-government bodies, the financing of tasks related to air protection by regional funds for environmental protection and water management, as well as the coordination of activities and cooperation of organisational units with regard to the implementation of protection related measures. The audit was carried out in five regions (Małopolskie, Mazowieckie, Opolskie, Pomorskie and Śląskie), and it covered 25 auditees.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2015, 60, 3 (362); 60-78
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnosis of three types damages to the ventilation system
Autorzy:
Voznyak, Orest
Spodyniuk, Nadiia
Sukholova, Iryna
Savchenko, Olena
Kasynets, Mariana
Datsko, Oleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
air distribution
air velocity
swirled air jet
compact air jet
flat air jet
dystrybucja powietrza
prędkość powietrza
system wentylacyjny
diagnostyka
Opis:
The article is devoted to solving of urgent problem to eliminate damage in ventilation system. That is caused by non-adequate long range, stagnant unventilated areas in the room existance and high noise level in the premises at air distribution by swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet. A noise level of air supply with swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air jet and rectangular air stream in the room has been investigated. It is shown that in order to achieve the maximum noise level decreasing it is necessary to ensure its supply by jets, which less intensively attenuate before entering the premise working area. Results of the experimental research are presented as graphical and analytical dependences. The acoustic properties of the swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet have been investigated and means of situation improving have been determined. The results of experimental research of air supply to the room are presented. It is established that with the increase of the angle of swirling plates inclination and ratio of the slit sides the air jets noise level decreases.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2022, 23, 1; 1--10
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warunki termiczne a stężenie pyłu zawieszonego w powietrzu atmosferycznym zimą w wybranych miastach Polski
Thermal conditions and concentration of particulate matter in atmospheric air in winter in selected Polish cities
Autorzy:
Rawicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
PM10
air temperature
air pollution
Opis:
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of thermal conditions on emission of PM10 in the atmosphere during the winter period in selected Polish cities. The basis of the work were average daily PM10 and air temperature measurement results, which were made in six cities during three of calendar winters (December-February) in 2011–2014. It has been shown that every decrease in temperature during the winter affects the increase in the concentration of PM10 in ambient air in most of the analyzed cities. The greatest role of air temperature in shaping emission of the fraction of particulate matter variability was found in a relatively cool winter 2011/2012, when the number of days with oversize levels of contamination ranged from 7 in Suwałki to even 46 in Nowy Sącz. The smallest impact of this weather element was found during a warm winter 2013/2014.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2016, 1; 59-65
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aerodynamic interference between pusher propeller slipstream and an airframe : literature review
Autorzy:
Ruchała, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transport
air propulsion
pusher propeller
Opis:
In the article, an aerodynamic interference between pusher propeller slipstream and the airframe of the aircraft powered by it has been presented, based on a literature study. A pusher propeller is one of popular types of the airplane propulsion. It is applied mainly in light sport aircrafts, in the UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), unorthodox vehicles, like compound helicopters, canard and joined wing aircrafts etc. The main advantage of pusher propeller is that the engine with the pusher propeller does not affect the visibility from the cockpit and allows placing an electronic equipment in the front part of the UAV’s fuselage. Furthermore, reduced cabin noise and increase in stability due to acting normal force aft of the centre of gravity are other benefits of this configuration. The pusher propeller impact on the airframe, especially on the wing, is qualitatively different from the tractor configuration. Main differences between both propulsions has been discussed, as well as aerodynamic benefits of the pusher propeller – like reduction of separated flow area and extending area of laminar boundary layer. However, an application of pusher propeller may have also negative impact, especially lower performance than tractor propeller. In the article the reasons of this suppression has been briefly discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 237-244
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of thermal comfort in a lecture hall with the application of instruments for computational fluid dynamics
Autorzy:
Skotnicka-Siepsiak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
thermal comfort
air division
air conditioning
Opis:
The examinations presented in this article aim at illustrating some possibilities of applying instruments for computational fluid dynamics to assess thermal comfort on the example of a lecture hall in the building of the Institute of Building Engineering at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The obtained results have been subjected to an analysis according to the guidelines provided in the PN-EN ISO 7730:2006 norm. For the air heating system used in the hall, the distributions of velocity, temperature, as well as the PMV and PDD indices have been subjected to an analysis, with a particular focus on the optimal temperature of the air inflow.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2016, 19(1); 41-58
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Daily oscillations of the air temperature in selected coniferous communities in the Borecka Forest
Autorzy:
Pietras, Katarzyna
Mikulska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
air temperature
amplitude
maximal air temperature
minimal air temperature
local climate
Opis:
Two coniferous forest communities were selected for analysis: a marshy coniferous forest and a young spruce forest, both located in the Borecka Forest. Thermal conditions develop differently in each community during the spring, due to different tree crown closure, which influences the amount of direct solar radiation reaching the substratum. Soil humidity is another factor influencing the air temperature, since the capacity and thermal inertia of the soil depend on its humidity. The results of the study are compared with thermal conditions outside the forest.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2008, 13; 113-120
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air aerosol sampling station AZA-1000 at Polish Polar Station in Hornsund, Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Mysłek-Laurikainen, B.
Matul, M.
Mikołajewski, S.
Trzaskowska, H.
Preibisz, Z.
Garanty, I.
Kubicki, M.
Rakowski, P.
Krynicki, T.
Stefański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148535.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
air sampling
radioactive aerosols
radioactive air pollution
radionuclides
polar air monitoring
Opis:
The high volume air sampler AZA-1000 was built in the Environmental Protection Laboratory of the Andrzej Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies. In July 2002, this air sampler AZA-1000 was installed in the Polish Polar Observatory of the Polish Academy of Science in Hornsund, Spitsbergen. The device was built with numerous specific features which make possible to operate such station in extra difficult climatic conditions of polar region. Since July 2002, radioactive aerosols were collected at the Petrianov filter tissue FPP-15-1.5 and measured using high resolution g spectrometry in the Environmental Protection Laboratory at Świerk. The concentration of the airborn, cosmogenic radionuclide 7Be and of other natural and man maid radionuclides like 137Cs was determined. A comparison of the preliminary results with those from the ASS-500 sampling station operating at Świder is presented.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 2; 137-140
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona powietrza przed zanieczyszczeniami – dotychczasowe działania nie dają pożądanej poprawy
Protecting Air Against Pollution – Previous actions do not bring a desired improvement
Autorzy:
Gorczyca, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416451.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
air protection
air pollution
air protection system
solid fuels
air quality plan
particulate matter
benzo(a)pyrene
Opis:
The article presents the findings of the audit related to prevention of water pollution with nitrate compounds coming from farms. The audit was conducted at the initiative of NIK and was a continuation of NIK’s attempts to assess the extent to which Poland complied with the obligations related to environmental protection, stemming from our accession to the European Union. The audit was dedicated to such issues as, among others, mapping waters that are sensitive to pollution with nitrate compounds coming from farms, and the areas that are most threatened with this risk; the programmes aimed at limiting the outflow of nitrate compounds from farming – with regard to their contents and implementation; the supervision and control over the activities related to preventing waters form pollution with nitrates and their effectiveness; as well as the measures aimed at providing financial support to farms for having them comply with the requirements of the nitrate directive.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2019, 64, 2 (385); 123-138
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contemporary Air Freight Transport Market
Autorzy:
Wąsowska, Katarzyna
Nowak, Iwo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/503702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
Tematy:
air freight transport
global air cargo services
air transport market
market analysis
Opis:
The worldwide air freight transport is seen mostly from the angle of long-distance passenger flights. Given that, one often tends to forget the role of this transport branch in the case of commodity transport. Air freight transport is a booming branch with great development potential. This, however, is related to considerable experience and knowledge, on the part of both the carrier and the owner of goods, with regards to technical capacities of a given aircraft, maintenance costs, and rule awareness. The objective of the study is to analyse the global market of air freight transport. In view of the vast scope of the subject, the issues were presented, to a large extent, on the basis of existing airports.
Źródło:
Logistics and Transport; 2018, 37, 1; 113-120
1734-2015
Pojawia się w:
Logistics and Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal aspects of air protection in Poland and Europe
Autorzy:
Szatyłowicz, Ewa
Szatyłowicz, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/31234002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
air protection
law
Polska
Europe
air pollution
Opis:
The issue of air protection is a topic discussed in many scientific publications. How much air people breathe also largely depends on themselves. Therefore, there is a need for legal regulation as well as other instruments, such as people’s awareness for the state of air in Poland to systematically improve. Despite the reduction in pollutant emissions, air quality is still not good enough. The European Environment Agency estimates that several hundred thousand people die prematurely every year due to air pollution in Europe. The norms and standards imposed by legal instruments play a huge role in improving the air quality. These guidelines are based on scientific evidence of the health effects of air pollution, and standards, which are in most cases legally binding, must consider technical feasibility and the costs and benefits of a compliance. The paper analyzes the most important legal regulations concerning the air protection in Poland and Europe, concerning emission of pollutants into the air as a result of burning the solid fuels and in the transport sector.
Źródło:
Innovations – Sustainability – Modernity – Openness. Energy; 77-85
9788366391291
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
AIR FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN POLAND
Autorzy:
Wąsowska, Katarzyna
Žukovskis, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
freight
air transport
air cargo
freight transport
Opis:
Air transport is currently one of the major branches of transport both in the national – and global – economies. It is one of the fastest, most expensive, but at the same time also most effective types of transportation. It plays a fundamental role in the global economy, particularly in the transcontinental carriage of goods and passengers. Its availability and quality constitute a powerful driving force for a country’s development. Air freight transport, both in Poland and worldwide, is seen mostly from the angle of long-distance passenger flights. Given that, one often tends to forget the role of this transport branch in the case of freight transport. Air cargo transport is a booming branch with great development potential. The development of air freight is the key for gaining a competitive advantage by Polish enterprises. This, however, is related to considerable experience and knowledge on the part of both the carrier and the owner of goods with regards to the technical capacities of a given aircraft, maintenance costs, and rule awareness. The objective of the paper is to present the volumes of air cargo shipments in Poland and to identify the hazards and obstacles to its development. The study authors endeavour to analyse air freight transport in Poland. To this end, details will be presented regarding air cargo transport at Polish airports based on the Civil Aviation Authority (ULC) and Central Statistical Office (GUS) data and air market reports.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach; 2019, 50, 123; 65-72
2082-5501
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examining technical solutions for a prototype of a solar-air collector
Autorzy:
Leśny, J.
Panfil, M.
Urbaniak, M
Schefke, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
solar air collector
air humidity
evaporation potential
Opis:
The research was conducted in the framework of the project known as „Coupon for innovations - support for the smallest companies”, endorsed by the Polish Agency for the Development of Business, and it had the following objectives: to assess the efficiency of the collector and reliability of the applied parameters such as the force of warm air blast, temperature increase depending on the intensity of solar radiation and the angle of the collector setup, influence of ambient temperature on the collector’s efficiency and heat loss, the quantity of relative humidity reduction correlative with the heating up of the flowing air. Collector in a standard installation position - on a vertical wall. The assessed solar air collector was exposed to solar radiation and the following parameters were measured in the course of study: intensity of solar radiation falling on a vertical surface and on the collector’s surface (the collector was installed in vertical position, which is a standard installation method), temperature and velocity of air flowing into the collector as well as temperature and velocity of air flowing out of the device. The studies indicate that already at the radiation value of 100 W m-2 the collector worked efficiently and heated up the flowing air by about 5oC. This temperature increased together with radiation and reached the value of 20oC at the radiation of 800 W m-2. The analysis of the collector’s efficiency showed that during its work (proper temperature and radiation) the efficiency remained at a satisfactory level from 42 to 46%.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(2); 125-135
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnosis of damage to the ventilation system
Autorzy:
Voznyak, Orest
Spodyniuk, Nadiia
Sukholova, Iryna
Dovbush, Oleksandr
Kasynets, Mariana
Datsko, Oleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1840850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
air distribution
damages
swirled air jet
compact air jet
flat air jet
dystrybucja powietrza
uszkodzenie
strumień powietrza
system wentylacyjny
Opis:
The article is devoted to solving of urgent problem to eliminate damages of two types in ventilation systems for air distribution efficiency increasing in the premises by swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet. A mathematical model of air supply with swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air jet and rectangular air stream in the room has been developed. It is shown that in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of air distribution it is necessary to ensure its supply by jets. Graphical and analytical dependences on the basis of the conducted experimental research are presented. Parameters of swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet during the formation of a comfortable indoor climate are determined. The results of experimental studies of air supply to the room by the air distribution devices, which form a swirled air flow, compact air stream, flat air flow and rectangular air jet with adequate turbulence and long range of the supply air flow, are presented. It is established that with the increase of the angle of swirling plates inclination and ratio of the slit sides the air jets long range increases.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2021, 22, 3; 91-99
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnosis of damage to the ventilation system
Autorzy:
Voznyak, Orest
Spodyniuk, Nadiia
Sukholova, Iryna
Dovbush, Oleksandr
Kasynets, Mariana
Datsko, Oleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1840873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
air distribution
damages
swirled air jet
compact air jet
flat air jet
dystrybucja powietrza
uszkodzenie
strumień powietrza
system wentylacyjny
Opis:
The article is devoted to solving of urgent problem to eliminate damages of two types in ventilation systems for air distribution efficiency increasing in the premises by swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet. A mathematical model of air supply with swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air jet and rectangular air stream in the room has been developed. It is shown that in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of air distribution it is necessary to ensure its supply by jets. Graphical and analytical dependences on the basis of the conducted experimental research are presented. Parameters of swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet during the formation of a comfortable indoor climate are determined. The results of experimental studies of air supply to the room by the air distribution devices, which form a swirled air flow, compact air stream, flat air flow and rectangular air jet with adequate turbulence and long range of the supply air flow, are presented. It is established that with the increase of the angle of swirling plates inclination and ratio of the slit sides the air jets long range increases.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2021, 22, 3; 91-99
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variations in weather on the East and West coasts of South Spitsbergen, Svalbard
Autorzy:
Maciejowski, Wojciech
Michniewski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051847.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Spitsbergen
air temperature
air humidity
foehn effects
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2007, 2; 123-136
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The application of ant algorithm in the assignment problem of aircrafts to stops points on the apron
Autorzy:
Gołda, P.
Izdebski, M.
Szczepański, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245325.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transportation
air traffic control
aircraft operation
airport
Opis:
The article refers to the problem of assigning the aircrafts to stops points on the apron. The aim of this paper is to develop the algorithm, which will be used to this assignment. The assignment problem of aircrafts to stops points is the complex decision problems, which refer to the problems of designating the minimal path in the graph. The assignment model was described, i.e. decision variables, constraints and the criterion function. Decision variables take the binary form and determine the connections between the elements of infrastructure of the apron, i.e. touchdown points, intermediate points and stop points. Constraints take into account the number of aircrafts in the given period, the number of unoccupied stop points. The criterion function determines the minimum driving time of the aircraft on the apron. In order to designate the routes in international transport the heuristic algorithm, i.e. ant algorithm was developed. The steps of building this algorithm were presented. This algorithm was verified in the C# programming language. The results generating by the presented algorithm were compared with the results generating by the random algorithm.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 479-487
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wojskowy nadzór w sojuszniczej przestrzeni powietrznej Misje Air Policing
Military surveillance of allied airspace Air Policing Missions
Autorzy:
Rurak, Adam
Gągała, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/565854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
NATO
NATINAMDS
Air Policing
Baltic Air Policing
RENEGADE
Opis:
The paper discusses the purpose and implementation of the Air Policing missions, i.e. military surveillance of allied airspace. The authors present the basis of collective defence as described in Article 5 of the Washington Treaty as well as the main tasks of the NATO Integrated Air and Missile Defence System. In addition, existing procedures of emergency response in case of violation of the Polish airspace by civil or military aircraft are presented.
Źródło:
Obronność – Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania i Dowodzenia Akademii Sztuki Wojennej; 2017, 4(24); 15
2084-7297
Pojawia się w:
Obronność – Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania i Dowodzenia Akademii Sztuki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An empirical study of air transport demand forecast in Nigeria
Autorzy:
Nwaogbe, Obioma R.
Monday, Adebayo
Wokili-Yakubu, Huwa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
Tematy:
air travel demand
air transport
airfare
passenger
sustainability
Opis:
The study aims to estimate the air travel demand forecast for domestic passengers' travels in Nigeria from 2002-2016. Data resourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria. The study utilized a multiple regression model using a Stata-Graphic software solver to analyze the data. From the analysis, the result shows that there is a significant relationship between the explanatory variable (passengers) and unexplanatory variables National Disposable Income, Population, Average Airfare, Gross Domestic Product, Exchange Rate, Total Expenditure, and Crude oil price, accounted for adjusted R of 93.624% relationship with demand for domestic air travel of passenger. The R-square statistic shows that the fitted model explains the variability in the number of passengers (NPAX), which is 96.8124%. The Hypothesis testing reveals that National Disposable Income and Airfare have a strong statistically significant relationship with the demand for domestic air travel with a P-value of 0.0013. Mores, a statistically significant relationship exists between National Disposable Income, Average airfare, and Crude oil price with P-values of 0.0017 and 0.0445, respectively. Furthermore, a forecast of the number of passengers and average airfare was carried out using ARIMA (1,0,0) model, which made available the future predicted values for the number of passenger movements and average airfare for the next 10-12 years to come. Thus, the study recommends that stakeholders in the air transport sector should work towards improving the capacity and infrastructure to accommodate the growth of air travel demand for domestic air travel in Nigeria. Policy implications were made on regulating the sector by having a good pricing policy to control the air fare for the industry.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2023, 8, 1; 6--23
2520-2979
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Idoor Air Quality with Particular Reference to Carbon Monoxide in the Room – A Pilot Study
Autorzy:
Wiater, Józefa
Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105291.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
air pollution
carbon monoxide
smoking cigarettes
air quality
Opis:
Cigarette smoking are the most important reasons for increased carbon monoxide (CO) level in exhaled air. During the experiment, the CO level in indoor air in room was measured. Outdoor air quality data including atmospheric CO concentration, obtained from the own measured and data from the weather platform “freemeteo”. The measurements were carried out with the following variants: outside air, a room ventilated without people, nonsmokers, smokers and non-smoking people, smokers entering the room after smoking cigarettes, smokers who smoke in the room. As proven by measurements, carbon monoxide carried in the lungs by smokers has low concentrations and should not threaten the health of non-smoking users of rooms. The maximum concentration of carbon monoxide in the room was 1.4 ppm. In the external air, the average concentration of carbon monoxide was exactly as much as reported in the literature – 0.3 ppm.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 6; 286--293
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kształtowanie bezpieczeństwa powietrznego jako integralnego elementu obronności państwa
Shaping of air security as an integral element of state’s defense system
Autorzy:
Radomyski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/98656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
zagrożenie powietrzne
bezpieczeństwo
obrona powietrzna
misja Air Policing
Air Policing
infrastruktura krytyczna
terroryzm lotniczy
Airspace
security
air defense
Air Policing mission
critical infrastructure
air terrorism
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, koncentrujące się na kwestiach związanych z zagrożeniem powietrzem państwa, w tym infrastruktury krytycznej i ludności cywilnej w czasach pokoju, kryzysu i wojny. Treści przedstawione w pierwszej części artykułu koncentrują się na zasadniczych aspektach prawnych i organizacyjnych, które determinują funkcjonowanie systemu obrony powietrznej jako zasadniczego elementu państwa w walce z wojskowymi i cywilnymi statkami powietrznymi w czasach pokoju, kryzysu i wojny. W drugiej części artykuł przedstawia zasadnicze aspekty zjawiska terroryzmu lotniczego oraz ogólne cechy sił, które są szczególnie predysponowane do zwalczania różnego rodzaju zagrożeń powietrznych. Ważnym zagadnieniem analizowanym w artykule było podkreślenie znaczenia właściwej współpracy pomiędzy elementami sił zbrojnych a instytucjami pozamilitarnymi, co ma zasadnicze znaczenie dla zapewnienia skutecznej ochrony i ochrony przestrzeni powietrznej państwa. Artykuł opisuje również warunki używania sił powietrznych w celu ochrony przestrzeni powietrznej innych państw NATO w ramach sojuszniczych zobowiązań przyjętych przez Polskę w ramach Smart Defence.
The paper presents research findings focusing on issues related to the threat to the state air, including critical infrastructure and civilian population in times of peace, crisis and war. In the first part of the article, the content of the article focuses on the essential legal and organizational aspects that determine the functioning of the air defense system as an essential element of the state in the fight against military and civil aircraft in times of peace, crisis and war. In the second part the article presents the essential aspects of aviation terrorism and the general features of forces that are particularly predisposed to combat various types of air threats. An important issue examined in the paper was to emphasize the importance of proper cooperation between the elements of the armed forces and non-military institutions, which is essential to ensure the effective protection and protection of the airspace of the state. The article also describes the conditions for using air forces to protect the airspace of other NATO countries within the framework of Poland’s allied commitments under Smart Defense.
Źródło:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności; 2017, 2, 3; 95-118
2450-6869
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Survey of indoor air pollution and health symptoms at residential buildings
Autorzy:
Sarkar, S.
Nandy, A.
Talapatra, S.N.
Basu, R.
Mukhopadhyay, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
indoor air
air pollution
air pollutant
household product
human health
hazard symptom
residential building
Opis:
This survey work summarizes the generation of indoor air pollutants (IAPs) through household products and activities and also the probable health symptoms of IAPs were discussed through questionnaire in the residential buildings of urban and semi urban area when compared to rural (control) area by door to door survey. The IAPs are categorized as physical, chemical and biological and surveyed as per the product(s) usage in the closed room of buildings. The survey results of IAPs generated from household products and activities, these are asbestos, fine particulate matters and ash as physical pollutants. The chemical pollutants are carbon mono and di oxide gases, phthalates; DDT, chlordane, heptachlor, o-phenylphenol; PBDEs, Formaldehyde, Other Aldehydes, lead, benzene, chloroform, para-dichlorobenzene, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, styrene, benzene, formaldehyde, terpenes, styrene, phthalate esters, toluene, Propellant, pesticides, PAH, NOx, acrylamide, VOCs, acetone, HCl gas and biological pollutants are bacteria, fungi, viruses, house dust mites, animal dander; cockroaches, microbial spore. In respect to established health impact data, the health symptoms were recorded after survey in two areas viz. urban and semi urban area. The health symptoms were recorded as eye, nose, and throat irritation; allergic reactions, respiratory irritation, aggravated asthma, influenza and other infectious diseases may be the generation of IAPs. The urban and semi urban area are compared with rural (control) area in which no symptoms were found as per discussion. In the present survey it was concluded that the generation of IAPs may from household products and activities in the urban and semi urban area due to less ventilation facilities when compared to rural (control) area. This is a preliminary observation, further researches are needed in relation to measurement of physical, chemical and biological indoor pollutants in closed room of residential buildings and also health hazards study of residents by haematological, biochemical, enzymological and genotoxicological parameters.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 08, 1
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koncepcja budowy stanowiska do badania parametrów sprężonego powietrza
A concept of construction of the stand for testing compressed air parameters
Autorzy:
Perz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/290483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
sprężone powietrze
uzdatnianie powietrza
optymalizacja
parametry
compressed air
air treatment
optimization
compressed air parameters
Opis:
Sprężone powietrze znalazło szerokie zastosowanie w przemyśle spożywczym. Jest bardzo często postrzegane jako tanie, a nawet darmowe, źródło energii. Nic bardziej błędnego. Liczne badania potwierdzają, że przemysł wykorzystuje tylko około 30% produkowanego sprężonego powietrza (Blaustein i Radgen, 2001) reszta jest tracona w wyniku nieszczelności, nieodpowiedniego ciśnienia przygotowanego powietrza, niewłaściwego użycia itp. Możliwości oszczędności energii w instalacjach sprężonego powietrza wiążą się przede wszystkim ze zmniejszeniem zużycia energii do napędu sprężarek, przesyłania sprężonego powietrza i sterowania systemami pneumatycznymi. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie koncepcji budowy stanowiska do badania parametrów sprężonego powietrza. W artykule zostaną omówione podstawowe urządzenia służące do budowy takiej instalacji, ich rodzaje i zadania. W dalszej części pracy przedstawiona zostanie koncepcja zaadoptowania eksploatowanej w naszym zakładzie sieci sprężonego powietrza na potrzeby badań jego parametrów. Odpowiednie przygotowanie tego medium pod względem jakości jest w przemyśle spożywczym zadaniem priorytetowym ze względu na częsty bezpośredni jego kontakt z produktem.
Compressed air is widely applied in food industry. It is often seen as a cheap and even free energy source. However, it is not true. Numerous research prove that industry uses only approximately 30% of the produced compressed air (Blaustein, Radgen 2001) the rest is lost as a result of leak, improper pressure of the prepared air, improper use, etc. Possibilities of saving energy in installations of the compressed air are related to mainly the decrease of energy consumption for compression drive, sending compressed air and controlling pneumatic systems. The objective of the article is to present the concept of construction of the stand for testing compressed air parameters. The article will discuss the basic devices for construction of such installation, their types and tasks. A concept of adapting the compressed air net, used in our unit, for the needs of the research on its parameters. Proper preparation of this medium on account of quality is a priority task due to its frequent direct contact with a product.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2013, R. 17, nr 1, t. 1, 1, t. 1; 149-159
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chłodzenie powietrza małogabarytowymi wodnymi chłodnicami ścianowymi
Air cooling by a small-sized water longwall air coolers
Autorzy:
Filek, K.
Franczuk, W.
Łuska, P.
Nowak, B.
Roszkowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
chłodzenie powietrza
przeponowa chłodnica powietrza
klimatyzacja kopalń
air cooling
mine air conditioning
air cooler
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów temperatury wody chłodzącej oraz temperatury i wilgotności chłodzonego powietrza, wykonanych w ścianie 3 pokładu 502, partii J KWK "Śląsk", w strefie pracy systemu złożonego z czterech małogabarytowych wodnych chłodnic przeponowych (są to pierwsze tego typu urządzenia wykonane w Polsce - otrzymały oznaczenie SCP-40). Dla każdej chłodnicy ścianowej rezultaty pomiarów jej mocy cieplnej oraz temperatury i wilgotności właściwej powietrza schłodzonego porównane zostały z wynikami obliczeń, które wykonano, wykorzystując zamieszczone w artykule równania. Badania przeprowadzono dla dwóch wariantów połączeń chłodnic od strony wody - szeregowego (wariant A) i szeregowo-równoległego (wariant B). Wyniki pomiarów i obliczeń zestawiono w tabelach i zilustrowano na wykresach. Przeprowadzone badania pozwalają stwierdzić, że sumaryczna moc cieplna czterech chłodnic mieści się w granicach 120-130 kW. Większa moc układu z szeregowo-równoległym połączeniem chłodnic uwidacznia się w postaci nieco niższej temperatury powietrza w wyrobisku - za wylotem ściany obniżenie temperatury powietrza w porównaniu z sytuacją bez chłodzenia wyniosło w wariancie A 2,2 stopni Celsjusza, a w wariancie B 2,8 stopni Celsjusza.
The results of measurements of cooling water temperature and temperature and humidity of cooled air, which were taken in longwall no. 3 of seam no. 502 at part J in "Śląsk" Colliery during the operation of a unit consisting of 4 small-sized diaphragm water air coolers (these are the first units of this kind in Poland) are presented in this paper. The measurement results of heat power for each air-cooler, temperature and specific humidity of cooled air were compared to calculation results, which were obtained on the basis of the equations presented in the paper. The research was conducted for two variants of air-coolers' connection to a water pipe - in series (variant A) and in series - parallel (variant B). The results of calculations and measurements are presented in the tables and the graphs. The conducted research allows to determine that total heat power of four air-coolers is within limits 120--130 kW. The greater power of the system with a series-parallel coolers' connection can be observed in the form of a slightly lower air temperature in the longwall; behind the outlet of the longwall air temperature was reduced by 2.2 degrees of Celsius (variant A) and 2.8 degrees of Celsius (variant B) in comparison with the situation without cooling.
Źródło:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria; 2005, 29, 1; 21-38
1732-6702
Pojawia się w:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Air Quality through Multiple Air Quality Index Models – A Comparative Study
Autorzy:
Shihab, Abdulmuhsin S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201707.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
aggregated air quality index
USEPA air quality index
PM10
air quality assessment
Mosul
Opis:
It is important to indicate air quality level in metropolitan areas as it is harmful to public health. Air quality index (AQI) is a useful tool to convert air quality pollutants concentrations into a single number representing air quality level. There are many air quality index models in the literature to represent air quality level. Two models were selected to assess the air quality in Mosul city. The first model utilizes the highest sub-index depending on USEPA pollutants standards. The second model includes the weights of all pollutants in the model as an aggregated air quality index (AAQI) model. Air quality concentrations were collected using a fixed monitoring station located in the courtyard of the public library for a year. The results illustrate that the values of aggregated Air quality index model were higher than those of the USEPA model. Air quality category "Moderate" was dominant in winter and spring for the two models. In contrast, the category "Unhealthy for sensitive group" was dominant in summer and autumn. Furthermore, the category "Unhealthy" appeared only with aggregated model in autumn. The contribution of air pollutants in AQI can be ranked as PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 from higher to lower. The study concluded that the AAQI is comprehensive and more workable in environmental management.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 110--116
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic and Financial Aspects of Air Traffic Management in Polish Airspace
Autorzy:
Markiewicz, Telesfor Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
air traffic management
air navigation service providers
common charging system for air navigation service
performance scheme for air navigation services
Opis:
The article discusses selected provisions of EU aviation law concerning economic issues of air traffic management. This process in European airspace is carried out by air navigation service providers, which, unlike airport operators and air carriers, have a monopolistic position and do not operate under market conditions. Consequently, the lack of competition between air navigation service providers replaces the common charging system for airspace users established by European Union law. In order to increase the cost-effectiveness of the services provided while maintaining a high level of safety of air operations, the navigation charges system was linked to the parallel implementation of the Single European Sky performance scheme for air navigation services in 2010. In 2019, the rules governing both systems were consolidated into a single legal act. The study also looks at the basic indicators of economic efficiency of air traffic management based on the example of the Polish Air Navigation Agency.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej; 2019, 1(114); 20-36
2543-6937
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish experience in operational air traffic management in the context of European airspace integration
Autorzy:
Markiewicz, T. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93338.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
Single European Sky initiative
air traffic management
air navigation services
operational air traffic
civil-military cooperation in air traffic management
Opis:
The continued air traffic growth in Polish airspace requires continuous improvement of the efficiency of the air traffic management (ATM) system in order to meet the needs of all its users and to guarantee the highest level of safety of air operations. Activities in this respect undertaken by the Polish Air Navigation Services Agency (PANSA) in cooperation with military aviation authorities are in line with the objectives of the EU Single European Sky (SES) initiative. In addition to the provision of air navigation services (ANS) for civil aviation (commercial air transport and general aviation), PANSA also provides navigation services for the crews of military aircraft and other state aircraft flying in operational air traffic (OAT). The article describes in general terms flights in operational air traffic, presents the evolution of European regulations concerning this category of air traffic and discusses in detail selected procedures for planning and protecting military aviation flights in Polish airspace.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej; 2018, 3(112); 21-41
2543-6937
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Clothing Size on Thermal Insulation – A Pilot Study
Autorzy:
Młynarczyk, Magdalena
Orysiak, Joanna
Jankowski, Jarosław
Prus, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Biopolimerów i Włókien Chemicznych
Tematy:
thermal insulation
air gap
air volume
3D scanning
Opis:
Thermal insulation may be influenced by the size of clothing and thus the volume of air gaps. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the size of outer wear clothing, and thus the indirect fit (the volume and size of air gaps), and thermal insulation in static and dynamic conditions. A set of underwear and two types of outerwear for workers of the energy sector and the chemical industry were selected for the study. Results showed that the value of thermal insulation (regardless of the type of outerwear) first increased with increasing clothing size.
Źródło:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe; 2023, 31, 1; 1--8
1230-3666
2300-7354
Pojawia się w:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiz sushhestvujushhikh sposobov i sredstv dlja separacii semjan
The analysis of existing separators which are using for the separation of the seed
Autorzy:
Kyurchev, S.
Kolodiy, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/76559.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
seed
separation
cage
air flow
electrical field
air current
Opis:
It is represented an analysis of separators which are using an electric field and current of air.
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2013, 15, 2
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study on the Optimal Design of Air Pockets in an Air Bearing Applied Tilting Index Table
Autorzy:
Lee, M.-J
Lee, C.-M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971152.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
optimal design
tilting index table
air bearing
air pocket
Opis:
The tilting index table has attached to CNC machining center with 3axes, it can be improvement of its performance and its machining efficiency. The tilting index table is a key unit in order to manufacture some non-rotational and 3-dimensional parts, using the conventional machining center. The tilting index table is directly connected to a processing object. Regarding the increase in the deflection of the table, it directly affects processing objects and increases errors and that makes impossible to obtain desired processing precision. Thus, this study performed the shape optimization of air pockets in order to minimize the deflection presented in the existing table. In the numerical optimizing method for implementing optimal design, the general full factorial design and response surface method in the design of experiments were used. A finite element analysis was used for computational experiments in which the finite element analysis was performed by using the ANSYS Workbench, which is a type of commercial FEM tool. In addition, the analysis of the results was performed by using the commercial program, Minitab 15. The results show that the optimum design results is better than those of the initial design.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2009, 9, 2; 114-123
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
JANUS – a new approach to air combat pilot training
Autorzy:
Bridel, Georges
Brévot, Jean_Georges
Goraj, Zdobysław
Devaux, Jean-Pierre
Kiszkowiak, Lukasz
Szczepanski, Cezary
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36409351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
air combat
advanced training
red air
training concept
innovation
Opis:
Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for "Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called "Aggressor Squadrons”.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2019, 4 (257); 7-22
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of air springs volume using indirect method in the design of selected pneumatic devices
Autorzy:
Urbansky, M.
Homišin, J.
Kaššay, P.
Krajňák, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386269.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
air tank volume determination
indirect method
air pressure measurement
Opis:
At our department, we deal with continuous tuning of torsional oscillating mechanical systems (TOMS) during their operation in terms of torsional oscillation size. Therefore, a new mobile mechanical system was built for purposes of research and presentation of the TOMS continuous tuning using extremal control method, which main advantage is that we do not need to know a mathematical model of the mechanical system. The new mobile device is equipped with a special compressed air distribution system, which important components are air springs. The air springs are modified and used as air pressure tanks with various functions in the mobile device. Therefore, it is important to know the magnitude of the air springs inner volume. This paper deals with determination of air springs volume using indirect method, which is based on the air pressure measurement and also the comparison of obtained results with the results computed from air springs manufacturer data.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2018, 12, 1; 19-22
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Birds strike – impact on the safety of civil aircraft operations in Poland in 2008–2018
Autorzy:
Balicki, Włodzimierz
Głowacki, Paweł
Loroch, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
air transport
air traffic safety
aviation events
bird strike
Opis:
The authors assessed the real threat to civil aircraft traffic in Poland resulting from bird strikes. It was found that in the period 2013–2018, the probability of such events increased by four times. Data for this work were downloaded from the ECCAIRS database maintained by the Civil Aviation Authority. Air traffic events have been collected for several years in this database. An assessment of the energy of bird collision with the aircraft, resulting from the bird’s mass and relative speed of movement, was also presented. Ways to minimise the risk of collision were described by introducing crew warning systems and means to scare off birds from the airport grounds. The method of testing the resistance of turbine engines to the foreign body’s absorption was also shown, as well as design methods for increasing the engine resistance to bird strikes.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2021, 15, 2; 100-106
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the air flow in selected buildings
Autorzy:
Bullová, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/104898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Rzeszowska im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
air flow
aerodynamic coefficient
wind speed
air exchange rate
Opis:
Airflow properties are most apparent adjacent to the surface of the building, because there take place any reactions between liquid and solid object. Air exchange rate is associated with air flow through a building by natural - through small openings and cracks in the structure. Due to leakages in the building construction, opening and closing of windows, the air in the building shifts. The value of air exchange rate is hard to predict and depend of several variables - wind speed, difference between outside and inside temperatures, the quality of the building construction. The paper analyzed the air flow in selected buildings and quantified the value of air pressure differences and the air exchange rate with the emphasis on specification of aerodynamic coefficients.
Źródło:
Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury; 2018, 65, 1; 161-166
2300-5130
2300-8903
Pojawia się w:
Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air sanitary transport using ECMO in the treatment of ARDS – case study
Lotniczy transport sanitarny z wykorzystaniem ECMO w leczeniu ARDS - opis przypadku
Autorzy:
Podgórski, Marcin
Wejnarski, Arkadiusz
Pawlak, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Pomocy Doraźnej
Tematy:
ARDS
ECMO
HEMS
Polish Medical Air Rescue
air transport
Opis:
In justified cases, the Polish Medical Air Rescue allows transport of a patient with medical equipment which is not standard medical equipment of the Air Transport Team. In the case at hand, a patient diagnosed with ARDS depended on extracorporeal therapy with an oxygenator. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is successfully used in the world and more and more frequently in Poland. It can also be administered using an aircraft of the Polish Medical Air Rescue. Necessity to involve many personnel members and resources indicates the complexity of the described transport of the patient. The authors demonstrate a case of a 22-year-old female patient who one and a half months ago was found unconscious at home following a suicidal attempt (status post aspiration, overdose of the Ketrel drug). Due to the absence of other possible treatments, a decision was made in the hospital to transport the patient to a centre a with higher referral level. Thanks to proper logistics, equipment and protection of the personnel, the Polish Medical Air Rescue transported the patient 260 km in a straight line during ECMO.
Lotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe dopuszcza w uzasadnionych przypadkach możliwość przewozu chorego z użyciem sprzętu medycznego niebędącego standardowym wyposażeniem medycznym dla Samolotowego Zespołu Transportowego. W opisanym przypadku pacjent ze zdiagnozowanym ARDS zależny był od terapii pozaustrojowej z wykorzystaniem oksygenatora. Terapia pozaustrojowej oksygenacji krwi (ECMO z ang. extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) z powodzeniem stosowana jest na świecie i co raz częściej w Polsce, możliwa jest również z wykorzystaniem samolotu Lotniczego Pogotowia Ratunkowego. Konieczność zaangażowania wielu sił i środków stanowił o złożoności opisanego transportu pacjenta. Autorzy przedstawiają przypadek pacjentki lat 22, która półtora miesiąca wcześniej została znaleziona w domu nieprzytomna po próbie samobójczej (stan po zachłyśnięciu, przedawkowanie leku Ketrel). Z uwagi na brak dalszych możliwości terapeutycznych w szpitalu zdecydowano o transporcie do ośrodka o wyższej referencyjności. Lotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe dzięki odpowiedniej logistyce, wyposażeniu i zabezpieczeniu personelu wykonało transport pacjentki na odcinku w linii prostej 260 km w trakcie pozaustrojowej oksygenacji krwi ECMO.
Źródło:
Critical Care Innovations; 2019, 2, 4; 44-49
2545-2533
Pojawia się w:
Critical Care Innovations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indoor air particles in office buildings with suspected indoor air problems in the Helsinki area
Autorzy:
Lappalainen, Sanna
Salonen, Heidi
Salmi, Kari
Reijula, Kari
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-03-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
particle counts
indoor air
supply air
office
health effects
Opis:
Objectives: Airborne particle concentrations can be used as quality indicators of indoor environments. The previous lack of reference data has limited the use of particle measurements in offi ce environments. The aim of this study was to describe the concentrations of airborne particles (≥ 0.5 μm and ≥ 5.0 μm) in 122 Finnish offi ce buildings with suspected indoor air problems. Materials and Methods: The database consisted of indoor air and supply air particle samples collected in 2001–2006 from the Helsinki area. The particle concentrations (≥ 0.5 μm and ≥ 5.0 μm) were measured in the indoor air (528 samples from 122 offi ce rooms) and in the supply air (384 samples from 105 offi ce rooms) with an optical particle counter. Airborne particle concentrations ≥ 0.5 μm were categorized according to the effi ciency of supply air fi ltration and health survey data. Results: The mean concentrations in the indoor air equaled 1900 particles/l and in the supply air 1300 particles/l. The effi ciency of supply air fi ltration decreased the fi ne particles counts in both the indoor and supply air. The counts of large particles, ≥ 5.0 μm, were low in the indoor air. Airborne counts of ≥ 0.5 μm particles (geometric mean) were statistically higher in the offi ces whose occupants had work-related symptoms (eye and/or upper respiratory symptoms or upper respiratory infections) than in the offi ces whose occupants had no such symptoms. However, the symptoms may also be linked to other indoor air problems or particle characteristics not studied in this work. Conclusions: This study indicates typical airborne particle levels (≥ 0.5 μm and ≥ 5.0 μm) in Finnish offi ce buildings with suspected indoor air problems. The results can be used to evaluate the quality of indoor environment, possible indoor air problems, and the need for additional investigations.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 1; 155-164
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New expression to calculate quantity of recovered heat in the earth-pipe-air heat-exchanger operating in winter heating mode
Autorzy:
Molcrette, Vincent F. A.
Autier, Vincent R. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
earth-pipe-air heat-exchanger
analytical model
air heating
Opis:
A new expression is proposed to calculate the earth-energy of an earth-air-pipe heat exchanger during winter heating for three kinds of soil in France. An analytical model is obtained by using numerical computation developed in Scilab – a free open source software. The authors showed the comparison between their simple analytical model and experimental results. They showed the influence of different parameters to specify the size of the heat exchanger.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2020, 41, 2; 103-117
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Próba identyfikacji zasięgu oddziaływania lodowca górskiego na temperaturę powietrza – na przykładzie lodowca Engabreen (Norwegia)
An attempt to identify the extent of mountain glacier effects on air temperature – on the example of the Engabreen glacier (Norway)
Autorzy:
Dyszy, Wiktoria
Grajek, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43349427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk
Tematy:
air temperature
variability of air temperature
Engabreen
glacier
UAV
Opis:
This study aims to identify the extent of mountain glacier influence on air temperature in the vertical profile, using the Engabreen glacier (Norway) as an example. An important aspect of the work is also an analysis of the variation in surface temperature and wind conditions in the valley of the Engabreen glacier. The analysis was carried out based on measurement data of vertical air temperature taken over the glacier cavity with sensors mounted to an unmanned aerial vehicle. The field survey was carried out on 25 July 2022 in the afternoon. The results of the measurements may indicate that the presence of the glacier reduces the air temperature gradient with altitude compared to the surrounding areas. Above the glacier, the air temperature in the vertical profile increases with height. Based on the profiles taken above the glacier, it was concluded that the surface of the glacier influences the air temperature above it up to an altitude of 37–53 m above ground level.
Źródło:
Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna; 2022, 13 (73); 63-77
2081-6014
Pojawia się w:
Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determinants of European air traffic development
Autorzy:
Steiner, S.
Bozicevic, A.
Mihetec, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
air traffic
airspace
Opis:
The paper elaborates main determinants of the strategic development as well as the key factors, which influence European air traffic dynamics. The problem of European airspace fragmentation should be solved by the comprehensive dynamic harmonization programmes, which can contribute to effective increase of airspace capacity and increase of air transport efficiency. The main objective of development strategy refers to the implementation of reformation processes of the European air traffic management system through functional ATM regionalization and adoption of Single European Sky legislation.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2008, 3, 4; 73-84
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temperatura powietrza i wielkość opadów atmosferycznych w województwie łódzkim w latach 1966–2021
Air temperature and precipitation in the Łódź province in the years 1966–2021
Autorzy:
Balcerzak, Patrycja
Kolendowicz, Leszek
Półrolniczak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43349528.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk
Tematy:
air temperature
precipitation
Opis:
The aim of the study is to investigate the course of air temperature and precipitation in Łódź Province in 1966–2021. The study uses daily data provided by the IMGW-PIB net from three meteorological stations: Łódź–Lublinek, Sulejów, and Wieluń. The average air temperature in Łódź province is 8.3ºC. When analyzing the annual course of air temperature, the lowest values were recorded in January (2.1ºC on average), the highest were recorded in July (18.4ºC). A growing, statistically significant trend in air temperature was observed at all the stations in the analyzed multi-year period. The rate of changes in the average air temperature in Łódź province reached the maximum value of 0.35°C/10 years at all the three analyzed stations. The average rainfall totals in Łódź province are not very diversified. The average annual sum of precipitation in the analyzed period in Łódź province ranged from 562.2 mm to 597.2 mm. On a seasonal scale, the heaviest precipitation was in the summer months (June–August), and the lowest in winter (December–February), while autumn rainfallwas slightly higher than in the spring. The biggest amounts of rainfall were recorded in July (84.8 mm), while the minimum rainfall was in February (25.8 mm). At all the stations, there was an upward trend in precipitation in the spring and autumn, and a downward trend in the summer. On average, in Łódź province there were 169 days with precipitation.
Źródło:
Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna; 2022, 13 (73); 7-25
2081-6014
Pojawia się w:
Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Diagnosis of Russia’s Military Capability in a Situation of an Escalation of Hostility in Ukraine and Possible Implications for the Safety of the Eastern NATO Flank
Autorzy:
Michalski, Daniel
Radomyski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Air defense system
ballistic missiles
air potential
military doctrine
missile anti-aircraft systems
anti-aircraft artillery
air offensive operation
defensive air operation
Opis:
The paper presents the results of research, whose main goal is to evaluate the aviation and rocket capability of the armed forces of the Russian Federation and Ukraine in terms of a possible launch of regular warfare. The authors primarily focus on changes in the military doctrine of the Russian Federation, which have created legal determinants of the use of armed forces outside the country’s territory in defense of national minorities, illustrated by taking control of Crimea. The authors also stress Russia’s military plans, including the development directions of the potential of armed forces as well as a possible threat to the security of the eastern NATO’s flank in the event of a conflict in Ukraine. In this respect, the capabilities of the air defense of countries on the eastern NATO flank, particularly Poland’s capability, were analyzed.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2021, 38 (45); 71-87
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ventilation Flow Organization for Efficient Elimination of Contaminated Air
Autorzy:
Holmberg, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90628.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ventilation principles
age of air
air change efficiency
air distribution
contaminant control
wentylacja
powietrze
kontrola zanieczyszczeń
Opis:
Displacement ventilation and well-organized ventilation flow structures are emphasized. Perhaps the biggest advantage of displacement ventilation is its increased effectiveness in removing pollutants from a ventilated space and the efficient use of ventilation air. Several questions on how the systems should be designed to achieve optimal efficiency are still unanswered. Small variations in room geometries and air supply arrangements can totally change the conditions. Results from this investigation show the importance of an even distribution of the incoming supply air, numerically calculated age-of-air values and the influence of residual tracer concentrations on rneasured mean values for the age of air.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 1; 85-96
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiticheskoe reshenie matematicheskojj modeli rabochego processa ehrlifta s razvitojj snarjadnojj strukturojj vodovozdushnogo potoka
Analytical solution of the mathematical model of operating process of the airlift with the developed projectile structure of the water-air stream
Autorzy:
Kononenko, A.
Ulitin, G.
Kalinochenko, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/78008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
mathematical model
operational process
air lift
pipe
air expense
energy efficiency
gas projectile
water-air stream
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2014, 16, 5
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania modelowe sprawności powietrznego podnośnika cieczy
Model studies of air-lift pump efficiency
Autorzy:
Kalenik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/236712.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych
Tematy:
napowietrzanie
powietrzny podnośnik cieczy
przepływ wody
przepływ powietrza
ciśnienie powietrza
aeration
air-lift pump
air-water mixer
water flow
air flow
air pressure
Opis:
W pracy przeanalizowano wyniki badań modelowych wydajności powietrznego podnośnika cieczy stosowanego w układach mieszania i napowietrzania wody. Zakres badań obejmował wyprowadzenie wzorów do wyznaczania charakterystyki wydajności podnośnika przy różnej wysokości podnoszenia wody (H) oraz określenie jego sprawności (η). Badania wydajności (Qw) powietrznego podnośnika cieczy wykonano przy średnicy wewnętrznej rurociągu tłocznego d=0,04 m i pięciu wysokościach podnoszenia wody 0,45 m, 0,90 m, 1,35 m, 1,80 m oraz 2,25 m. Wykazano, że w powietrznym podnośniku cieczy natężenie przepływu powietrza (Qp) zwiększało się wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia powietrza (pp), a równocześnie natężenie przepływu wody (Qw) zwiększało się wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia powietrza i wzrostem natężenia przepływu powietrza. Ponadto im mniejsze były straty hydrauliczne podczas przepływu strumienia powietrza przez mieszacz powietrzno-wodny, tym wydajność powietrznego podnośnika cieczy była większa, przy czym wydajność ta malała wraz ze wzrostem wysokości podnoszenia wody. Największą sprawność powietrzny podnośnik cieczy osiągnął przy wysokości podnoszenia wody H=0,45 m, a najmniejszą przy H=2,25 m. Sprawność powietrznego podnośnika cieczy malała wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia powietrza, natężenia przepływu powietrza i wysokości podnoszenia wody. Wartości natężenia przepływu wody obliczone za pomocą wyprowadzonych wzorów bardzo dobrze pokrywały się z wartościami wyznaczonymi z pomiarów.
Results of model capacity studies of an air-lift pump employed in water mixing and aeration systems were discussed. The studies covered derivation of equations for the pump capacity characteristics at different water heads (H) and its efficiency (η) determination. The capacity (Qw) studies were performed for the delivery pipe internal diameter of d = 0.04 m and water delivery heads of 0.45 m, 0.90 m, 1.35 m, 1.80 m and 2.25 m. The air flow rate (Qp) was demonstrated to increase with increasing air pressure (pp), while the water flow rate (Qw) increased with rise in both the air pressure and air flow rate. Additionally, the lower were the hydraulic losses generated by the air flux in the air-water mixer, the higher was the air-lift pump capacity. It decreased along with the rise in the water delivery head. The highest efficiency of the air-lift pump was reached for the water delivery head of H=0.45 m while the lawest – of H=2.25 m. The air-lift pump efficiency decreased with the increasing air pressure, air flow rate and water delivery head. The theoretical water flow rate values calculated using the derived formulas coincided very well with the measured values.
Źródło:
Ochrona Środowiska; 2015, 37, 4; 39-46
1230-6169
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the air transport efficiency definitions and their impact on the European Personal Air Transportation System Development
Autorzy:
Rohacs, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/213411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
evaluation of air transport
EPATS European Personal Air Transportation System
Opis:
The large US SATS (Small Aircraft Transportation System and EU supported EPATS (European Personal Air Transportation System [4, 5]) projects target to develop and introduce new transportation system based on the newly designed small and smart aircraft mostly personal used in completely redesigned and rebuilt airport and ATM systems. Introduction of such innovative system can be characterized by innovation diffusion process. The diffusion of innovation is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of social system. The penetration of the new innovative system into society and economy can be characterized by “S” curve. In case of earlier time of diffusion, when only the relatively small number of users, called innovators and early adaptors are applying the new system, the evaluation of efficiency of the new system plays a determining role. Generally, it seems the efficiency can be defined and applied for evaluation of the new technology easy. However, the efficiency means different meaning for different group of people, like designers, operators, users, owners, stakeholders, or simple “neutrals”, namely for those who does not belong no one from the named groups. So, the new system must be evaluated with use of different terms, different methods, as technical or energetic efficiency, benefits, etc. This short paper tries to summarize the different definitions of efficiency and their use for evaluating the EPATS and their impacts on the EPATS development process.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa; 2010, 3 (205); 14-32
0509-6669
2300-5408
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the wind dependent duration of the cruise phase on jet engine exhaust emissions
Autorzy:
Pawlak, M.
Kuźniar, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transport
jet engines
air pollution
emission
exhausts
wind impact
Opis:
Nowadays more and more attention is paid to minimizing the costs of air operations. The largest share in the cost of the flight is the cost of consumed fuel. Taking into account the external conditions, having impact on the aircraft, such as wind direction and magnitude when planning the aircraft trajectory it is possible to reduce flight time and thus reduce fuel consumption. An additional advantage is the simultaneous reduction of pollutants in the jet engines exhausts. In the times of pro-ecological trends and concepts (e.g. Clean Sky, Single European Sky, CORSIA) this aspect is of crucial importance. The emission of selected pollutants in the jet engine exhausts (NOx, CO and HC) emitted during the flight of a business jet on the route whose cruise phase was assumed 1000 km long was determined in the article. The aircraft used in the research was Gulfstream GIV, powered by two Rolls Royce TAY 611-C engines, for which a cruising altitude of 10 km and a flight speed of 0.8 Ma were assumed. The thrust necessary for the flight at these cruise parameters was set, and then the engine thrust appropriate for the flight and the corresponding specific fuel consumption were determined. On this basis, based on the available ICAO data, the emission of selected pollutants in tis engines exhausts was determined for windless conditions. Next, the analysis of the impact of wind - its magnitude and direction – on the emission of these pollutants was made. The results of the conducted analyses are presented in diagrams and discussed in the conclusions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 371-376
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of Selected Parameters of Microclimate in a Stand Alone Cellar Plunged into Soil
Autorzy:
Nawalany, G.
Sokołowski, P.
Herbut, P.
Angrecka, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
cellar plunged into soil
air temperature
air relative humidity
soil
Opis:
The thesis presents the analysis of development of selected parameters of microclimate in a standalone cellar plunged into soil. The scope of studies included measurement of air internal and external temperature and relative humidity of internal and external air. The thesis also concerns the analysis of heat exchange of cellar compartments with the surrounding soil. The studies were carried out from July 11, 2012 to July 10, 2013. The analysis of the obtained results of studies proved that the internal air temperature in the examined cellar was mainly formed by the external air temperature as well as by the surrounding soil. For 42% of storage period, the thermal conditions in the cellar plunged into soil were unfavorable which disqualifies the cellar’s purpose for storage of vegetables, e.g. potatoes. Too high temperature was observed in the initial and final period. Favorable storage conditions were experienced only in the period from December 14, 2012 to April 11, 2013. To adjust this kind facility for storage of vegetables, thermal insulation of compartments and installation of cooling units is required.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 3; 156-161
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of air pollution on depression and suicide
Autorzy:
Gładka, Anna
Rymaszewska, Joanna
Zatoński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162032.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
depression
suicide
Mental Health
air pollution
air quality
mood disorders
Opis:
Air pollution is one of the greatest public health threats worldwide. All substances appearing in excessive quantities in the atmosphere, such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides or sulphur oxides may be its ingredients. Depending on their size and nature, these compounds may cause greater risk of suffering from respiratory or cardiovascular diseases for exposed people as well as exacerbation and increased mortality due to these illnesses. Smaller particles may penetrate the brain’s blood barrier and thus affect the central nervous system. In many studies, they have been shown to have negative effects on brain structure, like diminishing white matter or neuronal degeneration, leading to the earlier onset of Alzheimer or Parkinson disease. Nevertheless, there are reports of association of air pollution with mood disorders, depression, and even suicide. There are many risk factors for these conditions, most important of which are the social situation or chronic diseases. However, it has also been confirmed that the environment may affect mental health. This article will present experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies on exposure to air pollution and its impact on depressive disorders and suicide. Our goal is to determine the relationship between air pollution and incidence of depression and suicides. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(6):711–721
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 6; 711-721
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezpieczeństwo ruchu lotniczego
Aviation safety
Autorzy:
Bielski, M.
Krawczyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/179472.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
komunikacja lotnicza
bezpieczeństwo
wypadki lotnicze
air transport
safety
air accidents
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono uwagi dotyczące oceny bezpieczeństwa komunikacji lotniczej. Bezpieczeństwo komunikacji lotniczej rozważa się w kontekście ogólnej problematyki zarządzania ryzykiem. W analizie uwzględniono dwa aspekty ryzyka: statyczny - ocena stanu zastanego (safety) i dynamiczny - budowanie systemu (security). Omówione zostały systemy profilaktyczne. W ocenie bezpieczeństwa lotów zwrócono uwagę na czynnik ludzki, co zostało udokumentowane opisem przypadku incydentu lotniczego (case study).
This article presents information on evaluating safety of aerial communication. This issue is considered in the context of the general problematic of risk management. In the analysis two aspects of risk are considered: static - evaluating the present situation (safety) - and dynamic - building the system (security). This paper also discusses preventive measures. The human factor is underlined in the evaluation of aerial safety; this is documented in a case study of an aerial accident.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2010, 4; 10-13
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application the GPS code observations in BSSD method for recovery the position of the aircraft
Autorzy:
Krasuski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
GPS
BSSD method
air navigation
least square estimation
air transport
Opis:
In this paper, the results of aircraft positioning based on GPS code observations in air aviation are presented. The aircraft position was recovery using Between Satellite Single Difference (BSSD) method in GPS system. The BSSD method was applied for designation the precise position of Cessna 172 plane in flight test in air navigation. The coordinates of Cessna 172 plane were determinated using least square estimation in XYZ geocentric frame. The average accuracy of aircraft position equals to 0.797 m for X axis, 0.496 m for Y axis and 0.966 m for Z axis, respectively. In addition, the protection level of HPL parameter amounts to 4.991 m and 5.749 m for VPL term. In paper, the XYZ coordinates of Cessna 172 plane were also compared with PPP solution from GAPS software. The value of RMS bias is about 1.642 m for X axis, 0.902  m for Y axis and 0.892 m for Z axis, respectively.
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2017, 11, 3; 45-52
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuzzy logic controller to control the active air suspension
Autorzy:
Woś, Piotr
Dindorf, Ryszard
Takosoglu, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
Fuzzy Logic Controller
air spring
pneumatic actuators
active air suspension
Opis:
The paper presents the practical implementation of active seat suspension used in vehicles and machinery. The test object is a passive suspension system, in which the vibro-insulating properties have been improved by using an active system controlled by a pneumatic bellows cylinder. Bellows cylinders in pneumatic drives act as single-acting cylinders - push cylinders. The filled bellows cylinder under constant pressure acts as an air spring. The volume of the air cushion changes under the pressure inside. Proportional pressure valve was used to control the bellows cylinder and noncontact relative displacement laser triangulation sensor was used to measure displacement of the seat. A Proportional-Derivative-Fuzzy Logic Controller (PD-FLC) was used for the control. The use of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) enables the transition from a quantitative description to a qualitative process. The system structure with a designated output control function has been presented. Test results on the seat suspension vibro-insulating properties of a working machine are presented.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2020, 89, 3; 75-86
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal bridge effect of air gaps in wall construction
Autorzy:
Kosiński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
air thermal bridge
loose mineral wool
air infiltration
thermal simulation
Opis:
The paper presents the phenomenon of thermal bridges caused by air infiltration. The problem of poor air tightness is very common in the former Eastern Bloc countries. The laboratory investigation was set up to recognize the impact of air infiltration on heat flux through the building envelope. The frame wall model insulated with loose mineral wool was investigated in non-isothermal climatic chamber. As a result of cold air infiltration, surfaces of gaps and areas adjacent to them were cooled, which is illustrated on temperature profiles. The forty minutes infiltration of 0o C air resulted as a 3.5o C cooling of gap area. The thermal simulation in Delphin confirmed the laboratory results.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(3); 159-169
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of MoO3 as an efficient catalyst for wet air oxidation treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater (Experimental and DFT study)
Autorzy:
Chen, Chen
Cheng, Ting
Wang, Lei
Tian, Yuan
Deng, Qin
Shi, Yisu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wet air oxidation
catalytic wet air oxidation
pharmaceutical wastewater
DFT
Opis:
In this work, a highly effective catalyst (MoO3) is synthesized and applied for catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. The catalyst is systematically characterized to investigate the morphology, crystal structure and chemical composition, and the findings demostrated that MoO3 catalyst is successfully synthesized. The degradation mechanism is also illustrated by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The degradation experiments confirm that MoO3 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance in CWAO, and the removal rate of TOC (Total Organic Carbon) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is achieved to more than 93%. The catalyst doses, reaction temperature and reaction time have a significant impact on the removal of pollutants. The degradation process of pollutants in CWAO could be satisfactorily fitted by the second-order kinetics. Besides, MoO3 displays a favorable stability as CWAO catalyst. DFT calculation illustrates that MoO3 catalyst is a typical indirect band gap semiconductor. Moreover, the high temperature environment provides the thermal excitation energy, which favors to the free electrons nearing Fermi level to escape the material surface, and excites them to the conduction band, then directly reduces the pollutants in CWAO. These findings demonstrate that MoO3 can be used as an efficient and excellent catalyst for CWAO of pharmaceutical wastewater.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2021, 47, 2; 47-60
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of air content on thermal degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Autorzy:
Rejmer, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
poly(ethylene terephthalate)
degradation
accelerated aging
air content
air pressure
Opis:
The aim of these research is to investigate the air content on aging of poly-(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) preforms. Three air pressures were selected and in each pressure 5 samples were aged during 21 days in 80°C. Three samples were selected to be cut for determination of density with the use of hydrostatic method. Sample mass, Young modulus and surface roughness were measured for each sample before and after aging and differences between those parameters were presented as results. The changes of parameters may lead to a conclusion that mechanism of polymeric chain oxidation is dominant during thermal aging of PET. However aging process is not the fastest in atmospheric pressure but in lower air contents. This effect may be caused by greater evaporation of small molecule degradation products and shifting of reaction equilibrium in the direction of further decomposition.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2021, 24(1); 183--193
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air Terrorism as a Threat to the Safety of Air Transport
Autorzy:
Pająk, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air security
air terrorism
safety of air transport
safety
bezpieczeństwo lotnicze
terroryzm powietrzny
bezpieczeństwo transportu lotniczego
bezpieczeństwo
Opis:
The author of this article addresses the issue of the threat posed to air transport security by air terrorism. The main goal of this article is to identify the specific threats arising from air terrorism and examine their implications for the functioning of air transport as a whole. The dangers posed by attacks using hijacked light aircraft as well as large passenger airliners are highlighted. The article is based on the literature study and the author’s own analyses of the issue.
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2020, 2; 123-130
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air Filtration and Sterilization in Ventilation Systems According to the New Paradigm
Autorzy:
Cepiński, Wojciech
Szałański, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202141.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
pathogen
filtration
ventilation
indoor air pollution
indoor air quality
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
air handling unit
Opis:
The paper deals with the subject of increasing the efficiency of air purification in ventilation systems in situations of unusual hazardous indoor air pollutants. It analyzes possible locations of additional filtering and sterilizing elements in the installation to eliminate their return to the rooms. The quantities of pollutants in particular parts of the system were determined for a given fan configuration in the air handling unit and a possible leakage in the heat recovery system. Guidelines were proposed for the design and construction of systems to enable rapid modification of systems in the event of unusual contamination or pathogens in the indoor air.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 10; 25--34
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Środki lekkiej obrony przeciwlotniczej w osłonie pododdziałów wojsk lądowych
Light air defence assets in protection of Land Forces subunits
Autorzy:
Pająk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
obrona powietrzna
wojska obrony przeciwlotniczej
broń przeciwlotnicza
środki napadu powietrznego
obrona przeciwlotnicza
aerial defence
air defence
air defence troops
air defence weapons
air assault assets
Opis:
Współczesne siły zbrojne muszą być przygotowane na przeciwdziałanie pojawiającym się coraz to nowym zagrożeniom bezpieczeństwa światowego pokoju. Rozwój techniczno-technologiczny uzbrojenia wojskowego zmierza do osiągnięcia skuteczności działania wojsk, a tym samym skuteczności przeciwdziałania nowym formom zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa. Oprócz wprowadzenia nowych środków walki niezbędne jest oczywiście dostosowanie do nich struktur organizacyjnych wojsk w celu skutecznego wykorzystania ich w walce. Wojska OPL również powinny poddać się ogólnym trendom przygotowania do wykonywania zadań zgodnie z wymogami współczesnych operacji, w tym zwłaszcza operacji reagowania kryzysowego mimo występowania nowych źródeł zagrożeń powietrznych. Celem wojsk OPL w tych operacjach jest zapewnienie swobody działania wojskom lądowym wykonującym zadania mandatowe. Jedna z propozycji sprostania wymogom współczesnych zadań realizowanych przez wojska jest dostosowanie potencjałów bojowych oraz struktur organizacyjnych wojsk do określonych zadań w ramach szeroko pojętych operacji reagowania kryzysowego. Propozycja wprowadzenia środków lekkiej obrony przeciwlotniczej na stałe do wykonywania zadań w różnorodnych operacjach, zwłaszcza poza granicami państwa mogłaby zapewnić bezpieczeństwo wojskom lądowym wykonującym swoje zadania mimo istniejącego zagrożenia powietrznego. Autor w artykule podjął próbę zwrócenia uwagi na możliwość zaadoptowania na stałe środków lekkiej obrony przeciwlotniczej w strukturach naszych Sił Zbrojnych, a w szczególności w strukturach Wojsk Lądowych. Pododdziały wyposażone w środki lekkiej obrony przeciwlotniczej mogłyby być w składzie naszych zgrupowań zadaniowych w ramach polskich kontyngentów wojskowych poza granicami kraju.
Contemporary armed forces have to be ready to counteract the emerging security threats to world peace. The technical and technological development of military armament aims to achieve the effectiveness of armed forces operations, and at the same time the effectiveness of countering new threats to security. Apart from introducing new combat assets, it is necessary to adapt the armed forces’ organisational structures to them in order to effectively employ them in combat. AD troops should also follow the common trends of preparation to carry out tasks in accordance with the requirements of modern operations, in particular crisis ones, despite the occurrence of new sources of air threats. The mission of AD troops in such operations is to ensure freedom of action to ground troops carrying out mandated tasks. One suggestion for satisfying the requirements of contemporary tasks carried out by the troops is to adjust combat potentials and organisational structures to specified tasks within the whole spectrum of crisis operations. A suggestion for permanently introducing light air defence assets into tasks carried out during various operations, particularly abroad, might ensure security to ground troops carrying out their tasks despite a potential air threat. The author of the article attempts to draw attention to a possibility of the permanent adaptation of light air defence assets into the structures of our Armed Forces, in particular the Land Forces structures. Sub-units equipped with light air defence assets could be included in our task forces that are part of Polish military contingents abroad.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2009, 3; 29-38
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulating techniques in aviation training
Autorzy:
Compa, T.
Fellner, A.
Jafernik, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu
Tematy:
symulator lotu
transport lotniczy
komunikacja lotnicza
kontroler ruchu lotniczego
flight symulator
air transport
air traffic
air traffic controller
Opis:
Flight simulators are the media without which it is difficult to imagine flying personnel, technical service personnel and air traffic service personnel training. The present study concentrates on simulators and simulating techniques used in Air Traffic Service Training Centre WSOSP (Air Force Academy) in Dęblin. There are two centres equiped with ATC simulators i.e. Aviation Training Centre PAŻP and Air Traffic Service Training Centre WSOSP (Air Force Academy) in Dęblin. It can be said that the simulator used in Air Force Academy is a unique piece of equipment worldwide because several functions are combined in it. It is a simulating complex enabling to carry out air traffic controller training and forward air controller – “battle field operators” training
Źródło:
Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2011, 4, 1; 25-30
1899-8208
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport System Telematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of air assistance on spray coverage of wheat
Autorzy:
Gajtkowski, A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spraying quality
plant coverage
air sleeve
plant spraying
air flux
wheat
coverage
winter wheat
Air Plus Spridotrain sprayer
Opis:
The purpose of applying an additional air flux in field sprayers is limiting liquid drift. The tlux also influences the quality of plant spraying. Air Plus Spridotrain sprayer, produced by RAU company, was applied in the research on the influence of air flux on the quality of coverage of winter wheat (Roma variety). The plant coverage was determined using water sensitive papers.
Opryskiwacze polowe wyposażane są w rękawy powietrzne w celu zmniejszenia znoszenia cieczy na sąsiednie pola. Zmiana wydatku dodatkowego strumienia powietrza z rękawa ma również wpływ na jakość opryskiwania roślin. Do badań zastosowano opryskiwacz AirPlus firmy RAU wyposażony w rozpylacze wirowe ConeJet TXVK-10. Opryskiwano pszenicę odmiany Roma. Analiza wyników badań wskazuje na wpływ wydatku dodatkowego strumienia powietrza. Im wyższa dawka cieczy na hektar, tym lepsza jakość pokrycia liści pszenicy. Najwyższą wartość stopnia pokrycia powierzchni liści uzyskuje się przy dawce 403 l/ha i średnim ustawieniu wydatku powietrza (ponad 80%).
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2001, 41, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indoor and Outdoor Concentrations of Particulate Matter and Gaseous Pollutants on Different Floors of a University Building: A Case Study
Autorzy:
Cichowicz, Robert
Dobrzański, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839306.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
air quality monitoring
VOCs
H2S
PM10
PM2.5
indoor air quality
outdoor air quality
Opis:
In this study, we investigate the changes in the concentrations of suspended particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and selected gaseous pollutants (VOCs, H2S) in the atmospheric air inside and outside a 9-story building, which is intended primarily for the teaching activities. The purpose was to determine whether the air quality inside the building is directly dependent on the outside air quality. The analysis also included the influence of the height of the building, its location and environment, as well as meteorological conditions. No clear correlation was found between the measured parameters inside and outside the building. The height above ground (the floor on which the measurements were made) was found to have a significant influence on the concentration of each pollutant. Wind direction was also found to have a very important impact on the air quality inside the building. A strong relationship was observed on the leeward side between the concentration of impurities on the inside and outside of the building.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 1; 162-173
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Countering Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) in Military Operations
Autorzy:
Dobija, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411992.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air defense
air drones
safety
UAS
UAV
obrona powietrzna
dron
bezpieczeństwo
Opis:
Although contemporary unmanned systems are used in every environment, they overwhelmingly dominate the airspace. They are commonly called aerial drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), while the systems supporting and controlling UAVs are called unmanned aerial systems (UASs). The widespread adoption of aerial drone technology has led to their increasing use on the battlefield. Therefore, finding an effective counter-drone (counter - UAS) weapon has become a serious challenge. This task is particularly difficult because we are dealing with a huge variety of unmanned aerial systems while their numbers are increasing at a record-breaking pace. At this point, there are also no fully proven counter-drone solutions, with most existing systems still in the research phase or newly introduced prototypes. The emerging problems and the set of uncertainties associated with them have become the fundamental basis for addressing and presenting this issue in this publication. This article discusses the crucial subject of defense against unmanned aerial systems from the perspective of modern warfare. The author addresses the question of how to plan and implement counter-drone defense in military operations, as well as what technical solutions could be useful for this purpose. Throughout this study, the author employed various methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparison, and case studies, primarily by examining available open-source information on recent armed conflicts in Nagorno-Karabakh and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. These methods enabled the author to validate his main hypothesis: there are currently no effective drone countermeasures systems, particularly against drones that can operate autonomously, utilize artificial intelligence algorithms for guidance and decision-making, or engage in large-scale attacks, known as swarms. Simultaneously, the author points out what new technical solutions should be developed to enable effective countermeasures and what tactics should be incorporated into military training to address this threat. Additionally, the article discusses to what extent existing air defense systems can be adapted for counter-drone defense and whether there are effective methods of force protection against such threats.
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2023, 1; 74--81
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Case Study of the PM2.5 and PM10 Local Elimination Device – The Impact on Indoor Air Quality
Autorzy:
Szatyłowicz, Ewa
Siemiończyk, Emilia
Hawrylik, Eliza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
air protection
air purification
particulate matter
PM2.5
PM10
Opis:
Due to its irritating, allergenic, toxic, pathogenic, and carcinogenic effects, suspended particulate matter (PM) seriously threatens human health. Therefore, it seems obvious to control the level of concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 particles and their reduction in the indoor environment such as homes, workplaces, or public utilities. In the following work, an attempt was made to determine the efficiency of a home air purifier based on the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 particles at selected measurement points in a teaching room located in the building of the Bialystok University of Technology. The tests were carried out in March and in April 2021, using the DT-96 meter, which measured the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the air. The study included the time and intensity of air purifier operation. In addition, reference was made to the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in outdoor air, which was measured at measuring stations in the city of Bialystok. The obtained test results made it possible to assess the initial state of air quality in the test room, as well as to determine the parameters affecting the best efficiency of the air purifier and to notice the dependencies in changes in the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 between the indoor and outdoor environment.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 32--39
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air Defense in a Specific Environment of the Suwalki Isthmus
Autorzy:
Szymanowski, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466178.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air defense
Territorial Defense Forces
forest lake environment
light air defense
Opis:
In the presented article the author desires to study requirements for the air defense subunits in the forest-lake environment of the Suwalki isthmus. For that purpose the author underlined the importance of the presented region, identified specifics of the isthmus, made a terrain analysis and defined the requirements of the air defense subunits operating in that area. The submitted proposals learnt from the research indicate the need of use of the so-called light air defense in order to provide efficient defense for forces and critical infrastructure of the region. The author also takes into account the origin and presence of the Territorial Defense Forces air defense elements, drawing also attention to their place in the entire air defense system of the area and emphasizing the importance of the suitable armament selection for the newly formed air defense subunits of the Territorial Defense Forces (TDFs).
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2017, 3; 25-30
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Particle filter test procedure and quality standard for diesel engines
Autorzy:
Mayer, A.
Czerwinski, J.
Kasper, M.
Leutert, G.
Heeb, N.
Ulrich, A.
Jaussi, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
diesel engines
particle filters
quality air standards
air pollution
Opis:
A new approach is needed to test particle filters for retrofitting Diesel engines. Considering the toxicity of the particles as also the physical and chemical attributes of particle filters, the optimal scheme is to test the components themselves independent of the deployment. That scheme ensures the highest effectiveness with least effort. It also enables evaluation of worst-case situations and assesses the hazards of secondary emissions. The Swiss standard SNR 277 205, which mandates the VERT test procedure, is a first step in that direction. Occupational health specialists have studied the toxicity of ultraflne particles for more than 100 years. Extremely toxic are the particles intruding into the lung. Larger particles, which are always naturally present, are intercepted in the upper respiratory paths. The body then expels these larger particles rapidly via the mucus and cilia. The new manmade particles less-than l mi m, however massively intrude into the fine pulmonary alveoli, which do not have the cleansing mechanism. The targeted efficiencies for evaluating modern filters are evident from the progress achieved. Many filters have filtration rates exceeding 99.9%, albeit the directives [4] only require 97%.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 305-314
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena pomiarów parametrów pracy chłodnicy powietrza – studium przypadku
Evaluation of measurement of working parameters of cooler air - case study
Autorzy:
Słota, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/113153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
klimatyzacja
aerologia górnicza
chłodnice powietrza
air conditioning
mining aerology
air coolers
Opis:
W górnictwie i przemyśle do chłodzenia powietrza wykorzystuje się chłodnice powietrza. Moc tych urządzeń ma wpływ na parametry powietrza po przemianie, lecz nie zawsze można mówić o poprawnym działaniu urządzenia przyjmując do analizy wyłącznie temperatury powietrza. Celem pracy jest analiza różnych parametrów powietrza przy przepływie przez chłodnicę lub układ wentylator-chłodnica. Przedstawiony zostanie wpływ parametrów powietrza przed przemianą na parametry po przemianie. Na wykresie i-x Molliera pokazano przemianę powietrza dla jego przepływu przez chłodnicę, jak również układ wentylator-chłodnica. Przy założeniu stałej temperatury powietrza chłodzonego tspu równej 30°C (temperatura powietrza przed ochłodzeniem) i stałej temperatury powietrza po ochłodzeniu tszu równej 20°C oraz trzech różnych wilgotnościach względnych: tpu1=100%, tpu2=75% oraz tpu3=60% różnica entalpii cieplnej pomiędzy pierwszym a trzecim przypadkiem wynosi prawie 210%. W pracy przedstawiono schemat przepływu powietrza przez chłodnicę lub układ wentylator-chłodnica, wykorzystując wykres i-x Molliera. Pokazano studium przypadku, gdzie zakładano stałą temperaturę powietrza przed i po przemianie, a zmienną była wilgotność względna powietrza. Wykazano, że wielkość mocy chłodniczej jest bardzo zmienna, a różnice pomiędzy wartością minimalną a maksymalną mogą być bardzo duże.
In the mining industry and for air cooling uses air coolers. The power of these devices has an impact on the parameters of the air after the transformation, but you can’t always talk about the correct operation of the device accepting to analyze only the air temperature. The aim of this study is to analyze the various parameters of the air flow through the cooler or the system-fan cooler will be presented before the impact of air parameters conversion parameters of the transformation. In the Mollier’s chart showing the change of the air as it passes through the cooler and the cooler-fan system. Assuming the constant air volume tspu temperature of 30°C (air temperature before cooling) and the constant cooling air temperature tszu of 20°C and three different relative humidities: tpu1 = 100%, tpu2 = 75% and tpu3 = 60% difference enthalpy heat between the first and the third case is almost 210%. The study is a diagram of the air flow through the cooler or cooler-fan system, using the Mollier’s chart. Shown in a case study, it was assumed constant temperature of the air before and after the transformation, and the variable was the relative humidity of the air. It has been shown that the size of the cooling capacity is highly variable, and the difference between the minimum and maximum values can be very large.
Źródło:
Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji; 2017, 6, 2; 42-53
2391-9361
Pojawia się w:
Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Systematic Review of Ground-Based Infrastructure for the Innovative Urban Air Mobility
Autorzy:
Mavraj, Gazmend
Eltgen, Jil
Fraske, Tim
Swaid, Majed
Berling, Jan
Röntgen, Ole
Fu, Yuzhuo
Schulz, Detlef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36787335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
air mobility
ground-based infrastructure
systematic literature review
vertiport
air taxi
Opis:
The increasing level of urbanisation and traffic congestion promotes the concept of urban air mobility (UAM), which has become a thriving topic in engineering and neighbouring disciplines. The development of a suitable ground-based infrastructure is necessary to supply these innovative vehicles, which mainly includes networks of take-off and landing sites, facilities for maintenance, energy supply, and navigation and communication capabilities. Further requirements comprise robust business and operating models for emerging service providers and regulatory frameworks, particularly regarding safety, liability and noise emissions. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the current results and developments in the field of UAM ground-based infrastructure by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) and to identify the most relevant research gaps in the field. For the systematic literature analysis, our search string contains vertiports and the equivalents, UAM and equivalents, and search phrases for the individual domains. In the final analysis 64 articles were included, finding a strong focus on simulations and vertiport networks, while specific case studies and related aspects like automated MRO and urban planning appear less frequently. Therefore, this article provides insights for a more holistic perspective on challenges and necessities of future UAM.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2022, 4 (269); 1-17
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air traffic controllers training in the Air Force Academy in Dęblin
Autorzy:
Compa, T.
Fellner, A.
Jafernik, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu
Tematy:
symulator lotu
transport lotniczy
komunikacja lotnicza
kontroler ruchu lotniczego
flight symulator
air transport
air traffic
air traffic controller
Źródło:
Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2011, 4, 1; 18-24
1899-8208
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport System Telematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Safe transport of dangerous goods by air in the legal aspect
Autorzy:
Lasota, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/120531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
dangerous goods
transport by air
air transport
safety
legal documents
law
Opis:
Safe transport of dangerous goods by air is extremely important. In the event of accident, human life can be seriously endangered. In order to avoid accidents, there are legal principles which must be adopted. There are international and national principles, which are described in the article. Implementation and obeying of law guarantees the highest level of safety while dangerous goods are transported by aircraft.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON; 2016, 4(105); 28-38
0867-2245
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pre-departure sequencing method in the terms of the dynamic growth of airports
Autorzy:
Kwasiborska, A.
Stelmach, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transport
simulation of air traffic
pre-departure sequencing of aircraft
Opis:
The increase in air traffic requires organizational changes at the airport and near the airport. To ensure appropriate airport operating efficiency, it is becoming necessary to provide unobstructed flow of information between all parties involved in the process. Common decision-making process regarding operations carried out at an airport, based on legible information, may contribute to faster and more precise prediction of sequence of events. This article aims to present pre-departure sequencing method in the terms of the dynamic growth of airports. This method dynamically defines current sequencing of departing aircraft with consideration of time required to maintain minimum separation between subsequent take offs and evaluates runway occupancy regarding planned arrivals. Developed method uses criteria of reduction maximum delay on one handling position, which is starting runway in use. It is carried out by sequencing tasks, in accordance with non-decreasing requested times of completion. Greedy algorithm has been used to define sequence of carrying out take off operations based on the earliest possible time of the departure. Faced with dynamic growth of airports, this method may contribute to improvement of predictability of events, and thus facilitate proper decision making, which will allow managing airport traffic smoothly and without unnecessary downtimes.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 253-260
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wind tunnel tests of the pusher propeller : an assessment of accuracy
Autorzy:
Ruchała, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transport
air propulsion
wind tunnel tests
pusher propeller
ducted fan
Opis:
A pusher propeller is one of popular types of the airplane propulsion. It is applied especially in light sport aircrafts and in the UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles). Its main advantage is that the engine with the pusher propeller does not affect the visibility from the cockpit and allows placing an electronic equipment in the front part of the UAV’s fuselage. The main disadvantage of the pusher propeller is that its performance may be worse than the tractor propeller, because of a stream distortion caused by the fuselage. It should be taken into account during propeller tests. The most accurate way is to investigate the pusher propeller in the presence of the complete airplane, as a part of airplane wind tunnel tests. However, this approach is possible in a late stage of the airplane design, when the geometry of the airplane is fixed. In the paper, an alternative, innovative approach for the propulsion tests has been presented. The propeller was investigated in a wind tunnel in a presence of the aft part of the fuselage, including a root part of the wing. A typical propeller and a ducted fan have been investigated. The results has been compared with the results of the wind tunnel tests of the complete airplane (with powered propulsion) to evaluate the accuracy of this methodology. The investigated propulsion was designed for a joined wing UAV, ILX-32 MOSUPS.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 309-315
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Smart City idea: use of peoples opinions on the environmental threats for intelligent management of the city
Autorzy:
Ignac-Nowicka, Jolanta
Zarebinska, Danuta
Kaniak, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
smart city
atmospheric
air pollution
urban environment
management
air quality monitoring
Opis:
Managing the natural environment in the city is an important element of city management. Smart city authorities should take into account the opinion of residents about the comfort of living in the urban environment management strategy. A very important element of the natural environment in the city is air quality, which significantly affects the comfort of living in the city. The article presents surveys of opinions of the residents of a selected city in Silesia in Poland. The respondents' knowledge on the sources of air pollution in the city, the perceived health effects resulting from polluted atmospheric air and the expectations of residents towards the city authorities were examined using the anonymous questionnaire method. Residents' behavior in the situation of increased air pollution was also examined. On the basis of surveys, prophylactic pro-ecological activities were identified with the highest degree of acceptance of the local community as potential directions of urban environment management. The implementation of such activities, taking into account the opinions and preferences of the residents, is part of the co-management of the intelligent city.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2019, 2, 1; 140--150
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The spray coverage of wheat with an air assisted sprayer and air induction nozzles ID
Autorzy:
Gajtkowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spray
air induction nozzle
air assistance
plant spraying
wheat
winter wheat
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2002, 42, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Protection of Consumers in the Sphere of an Air Carrier’s Responsibility in the Event of a Flight Cancellation Due To a Strike of the Air Carrier’s Employees. Case Comment to the Judgment of the EU Court of Justice of 23 March 2021 Airhelp (C-28/20)
Autorzy:
Banasiński, Cezary
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
air passengers’ rights
air carriers’ liability
collective disputes
Regulation 261/2004
Opis:
The case annotation discusses consumer protection in the sphere of an air carrier’s liability for damages arising from a strike of its pilots, which was treated by the carrier as an extraordinary circumstance exempting the carrier from the obligation to pay compensation in the event of a flight cancellation. The Court of Justice interpreted the definition of ‘extraordinary circumstances’, both ‘internal’ and ‘external’ to the activity of the operating carrier, as the premise obliging or releasing the carrier from its liability.
Le commentaire discute de la protection des consommateurs dans le cadre de la responsabilité d’un transporteur aérien pour les dommages résultant d’une grève de ses pilotes, qui a été traitée par le transporteur comme une circonstance extraordinaire le dispensant de l’obligation d’indemnisation en cas d’annulation de vol. La Cour de justice a interprété la définition des “circonstances extraordinaires”, tant internes qu’externes à l’activité du transporteur aérien, comme les prémisses obligeant ou déchargeant le transporteur de sa responsabilité.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2021, 14, 23; 153 -164
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of integrated indoor environmental air quality parameters in selected church buildings of Faisalabad city: a statistical based comparative study
Autorzy:
Hussain, Zahid
Khan, Mohammad S.
Kundi, Kundi
Alaf, Kashif
Ullah, Yasir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35518580.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
indoor air quality
church buildings
particulate matter
public health
air pollution
Opis:
The objective of this study is to control the air quality parameters for a selected range of different particulate matters. A comprehensive experimental approach is established to regulate the quality of air about a selected range of different air pollutants being investigated in the indoor atmosphere of the church building. Relative humidity, temperature, carbon dioxide, particulate matter and radon were considered as the factors of air quality extents. For establishing the association among the selected parameters, the data were mathematically analyzed. The correlation coefficient confirmed a strong relationship between the indoor CO2 level and the number of public. A negative relationship between the indoor CO2 extent and indoor temperature confirmed that due to the increase in temperature the concentration of CO2 decreased as well. A solid adverse connection among indoor relative humidity and indoor air temperature showed that due to the increase in air temperature, the level of the relative humidity decreased. Some recommendations were proposed for the treatment of air quality in church buildings for human well-being.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2021, 30, 1; 134-147
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Współczesne grawitacyjne suche metody wzbogacania ziaren drobnych
Modern gravitational dry separation methods for small grains
Autorzy:
Mijał, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/167164.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Górnictwa
Tematy:
wzbogacalniki powietrzne
wzbogacanie suche grawitacyjne
wialnik
separator powietrzny
osadzarka powietrzna
wibracyjno-powietrzny separator FGX
osadzarka powietrzna TFX
stół powietrzny SIU
dry separation
air separators
gravity separation
air jig
air table
vibrating air table FGX
air jig TFX
air table SIU
Opis:
Od początku XXI wieku można zaobserwować wzrost zainteresowania suchymi metodami wzbogacania węgla, jak i innych surowców mineralnych. Można tutaj wymienić typowe wzbogacanie w osadzarce powietrznej poprzez zastosowanie pulsacji powietrznej (osadzarki TFX, osadzarka Allair), wzbogacanie w separatorach powietrznych z wykorzystaniem złoża fluidalnego (wibracyjno-powietrzny separator typu FGX), wzbogacalniki powietrzne zawiesinowe (wzbogacalniki AMFB) czy separację optyczną wykorzystującą różnicę np. w kolorze poszczególnych ziaren (separatory OSX, CXR). Jednak większość z nich nie osiąga dokładnej separacji ziaren drobnych według ich gęstości. W zależności od typu urządzenia dotyczy to ziaren o wymiarach od 13 do 6 mm. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane rozwiązania konstrukcyjne nowoczesnych urządzeń do wzbogacania ziaren drobnych na sucho oraz porównanie ich wyników.
From the beginning of the twenty-first century we can observe an increase interest in the dry beneficiation method related for coal as well and other mineral resources. The typical enrichment in an air jig can be mentioned here by using air pulsation (TFX jigs, Allair jig), air table fluidization using a fluidized bed (vibrating FGX air table), suspension air enrichments (AMFB enrichments) or optical separation using the difference eg in color of individual grains (OSX, CXR separators). However, most of them have a problem in the form of fine separation of fine grains and depending on the type of device, the limit is below 6-13 mm. The article will present the possibilities of individual new technological solutions used in the world and will present the benefits of using dry separation of mineral raw materials, in particular coal.
Źródło:
Przegląd Górniczy; 2019, 75, 6; 36-40
0033-216X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Górniczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of CFD for temperature and air velocity distribution calculation in a ventilated room
Autorzy:
Wierciński, Z.
Skotnicka-Siepsiak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
air distribution
ventilation
CFD
Opis:
Appropriate air distribution in a room is necessary for thermal comfort. By using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) it is possible to compare optional ways of air supply and distribution at the stage of the ventilation design concept. Using these simulations the ventilation system designer can choose the best method of air supply in the room diminishing the risk of an incorrect solution.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2008, 12, 3-4; 303-312
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ogrzewanie powietrzne pomieszczeń
Air heating of rooms
Autorzy:
Adamczyk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/390860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
ogrzewanie powietrzne
air heating
Opis:
W artykule podano zasady projektowania ogrzewań powietrznych, które w ostatnich czasach są coraz częściej stosowane w budownictwie jednorodzinnym.
Article presents rules of designing air heating, which lately are more frequently used in single-family detached homes.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Architektura; 2013, 12, 4; 135-143
1899-0665
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Architektura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Condensation wave identification in moist air transonic flows through nozzles
Autorzy:
Dykas, S.
Smołka, K.
Majkut, M.
Strozik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175576.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
air
transonic flows
condensation
Opis:
This paper identifies the location of water vapour spontaneous condensation during air expansion in convergent-divergent nozzles. The comprehensive analysis proposed herein includes an analytical solution together with experimental and numerical investigations. Numerical calculations are performed using an in-house computational fluid dynamics code based on the solution of Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations supplemented with additional partial differential equations modelling the condensation process of water vapour contained in atmospheric air. Experiments were carried out using an in-house facility adapted for measurements of atmospheric air transonic flows.
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2016, 131; 67-77
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kompleksowa metoda kontroli stężenia struktur azbestowych w powietrzu. Cz. 1: Opis metody
The complex method of the control of concentrations of asbestos structures in air. Part1: The description of the method
Autorzy:
Różkowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340262.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
azbest
powietrze
asbestos
air
Opis:
Publikacja zawiera opis kompleksowej metody kontroli stężeń struktur azbestowych w powietrzu. Omówiono w niej: sposób lokalizacji punktów pobierania próbek, pobieranie próbek z powietrza i przygotowanie próbek do analizy, identyfikację struktur na podstawie cech morfologicznych, chemicznych, strukturalnych (długości l, średnicy d, l/d i ich rodzaju), zliczanie struktur w próbce i wyznaczanie ich liczby w określonej objętości powietrza.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2008, 3; 21-37
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ischemic cardiovascular disease in workers occupationally exposed to urban air pollution - a systematic review
Autorzy:
De Marchis, P.
Verso, M.G.
Tramuto, F.
Amodio, E.
Picciotto, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081525.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
air pollution
infarction
cardiovascular
Opis:
Introduction. Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among several known risk factors, researchers also focus their attention on the chronic exposure to air pollution. There is much evidence that exposure to air pollution, especially to ultrafine particles, can damage the endothelium and can favour cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Occupational exposition could be an additive risk factor for the cardiovascular system. This article presents a scientific review of the linkage between occupational exposure to air pollution and ischemic heart disease. Materials and method. A scientific review was undertaken, followed by PRISMA Statements. Observational studies were selected from several scientific databases, likesuch as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Nioshtic-2 and Reserchgate, searching for selected key words: police workers, professional drivers, mail carriers, filling station attendants, road cleaners, garage workers, motor vehicles and engine maintenance. All the key words were combined with “Boolean Operators” with the following words: cardiovascular (or cardiac) disease, cardiovascular function, cardiovascular system, ischemic heart disease, coronary disease, myocardial infarction. During the systematic research, the focus was on retrospective and prospective studies from January 1990 – December 2014. Results. Both the retrospective and prospective studies showed an increased risk of ischemic heart disease in occupationally occupied people exposed to air pollution. Only one study presented a ly minor risk. Conclusions. The findings of this systematic review suggest a possible linkage between occupational exposure to urban air pollution, especially to motor exhaust and particulate, and ischemic heart disease.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 1; 162-166
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of initial turbulence on characteristics of air jets
Wpływ turbulentności początkowej na charakterystyki strumieni powietrznych
Autorzy:
Voznyak, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska
Tematy:
turbulencja początkowa
strumień powietrza
przepływ powietrza
temperatura
dystrybutor powietrza
initial turbulence
air jet
air flow
temperature
air distribution device
Opis:
In this article the results of air distribution device with opposite non-coaxial air jets interaction and also air distribution device with swirl air jets investigations are presented. Research concerns the air flow velocity and temperature decreasing coefficients determination and also both noise level and aerodynamic resistance coefficient were considered.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań urządzeń do nawiewu powietrza. Badania dotyczą współczynników zmniejszania prędkości oraz temperatury strumieni powietrza, a także hałasu oraz współczynników oporu aerodynamicznego.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo; 2014, 20 (170); 276--284
0860-7214
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of premise infrared heating and ventilation with an exhaust outlet and flat decking air flow
Autorzy:
Voznyak, Orest
Spodyniuk, Nadiia
Savchenko, Olena
Dovbush, Oleksandr
Kasynets, Mariana
Datsko, Oleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
infrared heater
air distribution
air velocity
flat air jet
flow rate
promiennik podczerwieni
dystrybucja powietrza
prędkość powietrza
natężenie przepływu
Opis:
The article is devoted to solving of urgent problem to analyse energy saving effect from radiant heating and ventilation of premise with exhaust outlet and flat decking air jet. The aim of the work is analysis of energy efficiency of radiant heating systems using infrared heaters and ventilation of the premise due to the effect of a flat decking air jet on the surface of the heater; determination the amount of heat received both by flat decking air jet from the infrared heater when laying on its flat surface and amount of heat from the exhaust air entering the recuperator. Use of the infrared heaters in combination with an air distribution of the ventilation system with the flat decking air jets is effective, as it allows to achieve savings in heat load of the ventilation system in the range of 11%-19%. The amount of heat recovery of the exhaust air removed by the exhaust outlet is 30-40 W that equals 15%-20%. Saving the heat load of the ventilation system allows reducing the actual initial temperature of the tidal flat decking air jet and achieving a total saving of thermal energy of 24%-34%.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2022, 23, 2; art. no. 2022207
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Clean Air Priority Programme – Evaluation and Perspectives
Program priorytetowy „Czyste Powietrze” – ocena i perspektywy
Autorzy:
Sakson-Boulet, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
air quality
smog
clean air policy
Clean Air Programme
Polska
jakość powietrza
polityka ochrony powietrza
program „Czyste Powietrze”
Polska
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest ocena efektywności programu priorytetowego „Czyste Powietrze” oraz określenie ewentualnych zagrożeń dla jego powodzenia. Program Narodowego Funduszu Ochrony Środowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej stanowi istotny element rządowego programu o tej samej nazwie. W artykule, przy zastosowaniu analizy instytucjonalno-prawnej, decyzyjnej i ilościowej, podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: 1) czy realizacja sformułowanego w programie celu może przełożyć się na poprawę jakości powietrza w Polsce?; 2) czy i jakie bariery stoją na drodze do osiągnięcia celu programu?; 3) czy program „Czyste Powietrze” wymaga kolejnych korekt? W związku z wysoką energochłonnością jednorodzinnych budynków mieszkalnych w Polsce, która zazwyczaj prowadzi do wykorzystania przez ich właścicieli najtańszych i emitujących dużo zanieczyszczeń paliw do ogrzewania, cele programu należy ocenić pozytywnie. W toku przeprowadzonych rozważań wykazano jednak, że ich realizacja ograniczona jest trzema rodzajami barier: 1) związanymi ze sprawną dystrybucją środków; 2) trudnościami dla potencjalnych beneficjentów wynikających z konstrukcji programu; 3) potencjalnymi ograniczeniami w dostępie do finansowania ze środków unijnych. W związku ze zidentyfikowaniem zagrożeń dla powodzenia programu, należy oczekiwać wprowadzenia dalszych zmian jego funkcjonowania oraz zabezpieczenia środków na finansowanie termomodernizacji i wymiany źródeł ogrzewania.
The article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Clean Air Priority Programme and to establish possible threats to its success. The National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management’s programme constitutes an important element of the government programme that goes by the same name. This study, with the aid of an institutional-legal, decision-making and quantitative analysis will undertake to answer the following research questions: (1) can the realisation of the aim formulated in this programme result in an improvement of air quality in Poland?; (2) what, if any, barriers stand in the way of achieving the programme’s aims?; (3) does the Clean Air Programme require further changes? On account of the high energy consumption of Polish homes, which typically results in their owners heating them with the cheapest fuels, emitting significant amounts of pollution, should the programme aims be assessed positively? In the process of discussions however, three types of barriers have come to light: (1) those related to the effective distribution of funds, (2) difficulties arising from programme frameworks that potential beneficiaries might encounter, and (3) potential limitations in the access to EU funding. On account of threats to the success of the programme that have been identified, it is expected that further changes to its functioning will be introduced as well as the ring-fencing of funds for thermo-modernisation and change of heating systems.
Źródło:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne; 2020, 1; 171-192
1731-7517
Pojawia się w:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selection and calculation of air cooling solutions in underground coal mines in Vietnam
Dobór i obliczenia rozwiązań chłodzenia powietrza w podziemnych kopalniach węgla w Wietnamie
Autorzy:
Borowski, Marek
Trung Tien, Quan
Łuczak, Rafał
Życzkowski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
Tematy:
air temperature
air humidity
air cooling
thermal power of cooler
temperatura powietrza
wilgotność powietrza
chłodzenie powietrza
moc cieplna chłodnicy
Opis:
Currently, Vietnamese underground mines have been exploited down to -500 m and, in the near future, they will be exploited deeper. The exploitation of coal of seams has an negative impact on a workers environment. The increase in the depth of coal seam exploitation causes is the increase of adverse microclimate factors such as temperature, moisture, heat radiation. According to the current Viet¬namese laws, coal deposits can be mined in a condition when air temperature does not exceed 30oC, although this rule is not always observed, especially during summer. The article show how reducing the adverse impact of climate factors in the mines and calculating the parameters which reduce the temperature on an example in one of underground coal mines in Vietnam.
Obecnie wietnamskie kopalnie podziemne zostały wyeksploatowane do -500 m, w najbliższej przyszłości będą eksploatowane głębiej. Eks¬ploatacja ma negatywny wpływ na środowisko. Działalność eksploatacji w wyrobiskach powoduje wzrost niekorzystnych czynników mi-kroklimatycznych, takich jak temperatura, wilgotność, promieniowanie cieplne. Zgodnie z obowiązującym wietnamskim prawem, złoża węgla mogą być eksploatowane w warunkach, gdy temperatura powietrza nie przekracza 30°C, chociaż nie zawsze jest to przestrzegane, zwłaszcza latem. W artykule przedstawiono rozwiązanie ograniczania niekorzystnego wpływu czynników klimatycznych w kopalniach oraz obliczenie parametrów obniżających temperaturę powietrza na przykładzie podziemnych kopalń węgla w Wietnamie.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Mineralna; 2020, 2, 2; 237-244
1640-4920
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Mineralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air security of NATO’s eastern flank: threats and challenges
Bezpieczeństwo powietrzne wschodniej flanki NATO: zagrożenia i wyzwania
Autorzy:
Michalski, Daniel
Bernat, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30145352.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
obrona powietrzna
bezpieczeństwo powietrzne
zagrożenie powietrzne
wschodnia flanka NATO
siły powietrzne
Federacja Rosyjska
air defence
air security
air threat
NATO’s eastern flank
air force
Russian Federation
Opis:
The focal point of the paper is to assess the air security on the NATO’s eastern flank in the context of the dynamic changes that have occurred in its immediate vicinity. The authors, beginning with an overview of the current framework of the air security situation in the region, have analysed the developments that have taken place in that regard. The modernisation of missile systems, as well as air and space forces by the Russian Federation, both in qualitative and quantitative terms, have been the subject of thorough scrutiny. The challenges generated by the new situation have been weighed against the current and future NATO’s defence capabilities against air threats.
Artykuł skupia się na ocenie bezpieczeństwa powietrznego wschodniej flanki NATO w kontekście dynamicznych zmian w jego bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie. Autorzy rozpoczynając od przeglądu obecnej sytuacji w zakresie bezpieczeństwa powietrznego w regionie, dokonali analizy rozwoju tego środowiska. Szczególną uwagę zwracając przy tym na proces modernizacji systemów rakietowych, sił powietrznych i kosmicznych Federacji Rosyjskiej, zarówno pod względem jakościowym jak i ilościowym. Wyzwania wynikające z nowej sytuacji zostały porównane z obecnymi i przyszłymi zdolnościami obronnymi NATO przed zagrożeniami lotniczymi.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2020, 52, 2(196); 352-365
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air Traffic Crisis Management in European Airspace : the Legal Context and the Experience of the Network Manager
Autorzy:
Markiewicz, Telesfor Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93352.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
air traffic disruption
air traffic crisis situations
European air traffic management network
network functions
network manager
air navigation service providers
ruch lotniczy
transport lotniczy
zarządzanie kryzysowe
Europa
Opis:
The article looks at the genesis and evolution of Network Manager (NM) activities in terms of responding to disturbances and crisis situations and mitigating their effects on the European air traffic management network. The objective of these activities, carried out in coordination with the operational stakeholders and other relevant stakeholders, is to ensure the maximum continuity and safety of air navigation services for aircraft operators and airports. The review, analysis and evaluation of how to respond to extraordinary and unforeseen events that have a negative impact on the functioning of the air transport sector in Europe covers the period 2010-2019.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej; 2019, 3(116); 5-28
2543-6937
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy unifikacji prawa międzynarodowego transportu lotniczego
International Air Transport Law: Unification Problems
Autorzy:
Żylicz, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/508044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
ekonomiczna regulacja rynku
transport lotniczy
prawo lotnicze
ICAO
konwencja chicagowska
zwierzchnictwo powietrzne
polityka lotnicza
GATS
economic regulation
air transport
air law
Chicago Convention
air sovereignty
air policy
Opis:
Artykuł wskazuje, że historyczny rozwój stosunków międzynarodowych w lotnictwie doprowadził do wykształcenia złożonej struktury międzynarodowej regulacji ekonomicznej. Reżim ten składa się z umów wielostronnych oraz tysięcy umów bilateralnych i nie gwarantuje globalnej jednolitości prawa rządzącego rynkiem transportu lotniczego. Dotychczas światowe ujednolicenie międzynarodowego prawa lotniczego objęło głównie sferę bezpieczeństwa żeglugi powietrznej, a jedynie w bardzo niewielkim stopniu dotyczyło działalności gospodarczej i konkurencji. Istnieje wiele czynników kształtujących politykę lotniczą poszczególnych państw. Dlatego, podobnie jak w innych sferach międzynarodowych stosunków gospodarczych, podstawową trudnością w stworzeniu systemu globalnej regulacji ekonomicznej w lotnictwie jest znalezienie wspólnego mianownika między państwami bardziej i mniej rozwiniętymi.
The article indicates that the historic advancement of international relations in aviation has led to the development of a complex structure of international economic regulations. This regime, which encompasses multilateral as well as thousands of bilateral agreements, does not guarantee global uniformity in the laws on commercial air transport. The hereto harmonization of international air law has generally embraced problems of air safety, but has so far been very limited when it comes to economic issues and competition. Numerous factors drive air policies in different States. Therefore, just as in other spheres of international relations, the major difficulty with the development of global economic regulation in aviation lies in the establishment of a common denominator for developed as well as less-developed countries.
Źródło:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny; 2016, 5, 2; 8-14
2299-5749
Pojawia się w:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The concentration of volatile organic compounds [VOCs] in pig farm air
Autorzy:
Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska, A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51089.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
volatile organic compound
concentration
pig farm
farm air
air pollution
animal farm
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2009, 16, 2; 249-256
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Raschetnyjj metod opredelenija rezhimov oroshenija s ispolzovaniem klimaticheskikh pokazatelejj
Calculating method for defining irrigation modes using climatic indices
Autorzy:
Karaiev, A.
Susho, S.
Gorbach, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/76631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
calculation method
watering
irrigation
air temperature
relative air humidity
precipitation
climate index
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2015, 17, 9
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatiotemporal analysis of air quality and its relationship with meteorological factors in the Yangtze River Delta
Autorzy:
Li, Y.
Chen, Y.
Karimian, H.
Tao, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192096.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
YRD
air quality index
meteorological elements
correlation analysis
air pollution
spatial analysis
Opis:
Air quality is closely related to people’s health and life. In addition to being directly affected by social activities and atmospheric emissions, the impacts of meteorological factors are also significant. Based on daily Air Quality Index (AQI) data and various meteorological parameters in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), this paper summarized the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of AQI over YRD, and quantitatively analyzed the contribution of different meteorological elements to air quality. We also evaluated different spatial interpolation methods to produce surface distribution of AQI, and noted that the Ordinary Kriging outperformed other methods. The spatial distribution of AQI in YRD showed seasonal and annual variations. However, the days with AQI over 100 (level ii) were mostly observed in winter. Generally, more severe air pollution was observed in the northern part of YRD than in the southern ones, for example the air quality of the Ningbo metropolitan area was the best, while in Hefei it was the worst. It was found that meteorological parameters have spatially varying effects on AQI. For instance, pressure has a significant positive effect on AQI, and others showed negative correlations. We also predicted AQI by exploiting different machine learning-based models. Through model comparison, it was found that the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model – ARIMA (0,1,2) has higher prediction accuracy for AQI than Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The findings of this research can be used in future forecasting of air pollution, and also in air pollution controlling programs.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2020, 25, 3; 1059-1075
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of heat source location on surface temperature distribution of the indoor side of external walls in an uninsulated apartment in Warsaw during the heating season
Autorzy:
Różycki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/104195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Rzeszowska im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
air-to-air heat pump
uninsulated building
thermovision
alternative heating system
wall
Opis:
This article presents the influence of the heat source location to surface temperature distribution of the indoor side of external walls in an uninsulated apartment in Warsaw during the heating period. The apartment is located in a multi-family residential building. This building has never been thermomodernized and therefore it is highly energy-consuming. In 2016, an air-to-air heat pump was installed in the apartment and replaced the existing heat source, a dual-function gas boiler. The device is used both for heating the apartment during the heating period and cooling it during the summer. Such system works particularly well in non-insulated objects, in which the partition’s internal surface temperature changes dynamically as the outside temperature changes. This article describes the results of the thermovision test of the walls of this flat. The surface internal temperature distribution on the selected three walls was examined under different atmospheric conditions while maintaining similar internal conditions.
Źródło:
Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury; 2018, 65, 3; 65-72
2300-5130
2300-8903
Pojawia się w:
Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-100 z 3986

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