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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 3978
Tytuł:
Airbase as Defended Asset for Air Defense
Autorzy:
KOŁATA, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air defense
air base
air threats
Opis:
Lessons learnt during recent wars and conflicts indicate that the pivotal precondition for success is neutralization of aviation in the initial period of conflict. Eliminating aviation from combat allows us to gain advantage (superiority) in the air and provides convenient conditions for the conduct of combat activities by one’s own forces. One of the ways to achieve this objective is to destroy air bases with their aircraft, security potential and infrastructure, which is necessary for their operation and proper functioning. Under these conditions, air defense of the air base becomes particularly important. The complexity of the problem stems from the increased possibility of impact from the air and the significance of the air base in aviation operations. That is why it is worth looking at the air base from the point of view of air defense.
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2019, 5, 1; 37-45
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of the Aerial Defence of Air Bases : Concepts and Lessons Learned
Autorzy:
Kołata, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
air defence
air superiority
military air base
Opis:
The lessons learned during wars and armed conflicts indicate that the main factor influencing the aerial defence of air bases were directly related to the rapid development of the combat capabilities of aerial threats. Air bases have been lucrative targets for enemy air strikes since the first documented attack by a British aircraft on a German airfield in 1914 and have remained so for contemporary military air operations. The article discusses the evolution of concepts and lessons learned in the field of aerial defence of air bases that resulted from armed conflicts and local wars. The analysis includes armed conflicts, which, according to the author, have reflected the changes in the organisation of the aerial defence of air bases, including the repulsion of air strikes against aviation on the ground. Attention was paid to the conditions related to the aerial defence of aviation on the ground during the First World War. A more thorough analysis was made of the Second World War period, focused on the Western Front and the defence of Poland. Particular attention was paid to the Battle of Britain, noting the importance of the organisation of the radar air surveillance system in the context of the effectiveness of air defence. The focus of the analysis then shifts to the aerial defence of air bases during armed conflicts after the Second World War: the Vietnam War (1965-1973), the Yom Kippur War (1973), the defence of air bases in the Yom Kippur War (1973), and NATO operations from the air against air bases during the Deny Flight / Deliberate Force (1992-1995) and Allied Force (1999) operations. The article also makes a preliminary assessment of the aerial defence of air bases during the ongoing conflict in Syria.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej; 2019, 1(114); 53-74
2543-6937
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected Aspects of Contemporary Air Threats
Autorzy:
Kulik, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/930354.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air threats
air safety
air assault assets
safety
Opis:
One of the factors affecting the security of a state is air threats. Their nature often exerts a negative impact on both the functioning of the state and using airspace. The purpose of this article is to define the term of air threats and characterize contemporary air threats, illustrated with numerous examples. The scientific deliberations lead to outlining possible development trends in this respect, in relation to technological progress. The article ends with several concluding statements with regard to an analysis of prospective air threats. It also shows possible development trends in the discussed matter. The final part of the article is devoted to conclusions regarding the transformation of contemporary air threats.
Źródło:
Safety & Defense; 2020, 1; 11-21
2450-551X
Pojawia się w:
Safety & Defense
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of intensity of charge air intercooling on diesel engine gas
Autorzy:
Hlavńa, V.
Kovalčik, A.
Krakovsky, J.
Labuda, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air intercooling
two-stage charge air intercooling
lower temperatures
air-to-air intercooler
water-air intercooler
Opis:
The intercooling of charge air is one way of possible arrangements done while preparing fuel for diesel engines with the objective of lowering the environmental load. Such intercooling has other positive effects, e.g. the output increase, decrease in the maximal temperature of engine working cycle, decrease in thermal load of functional parts in the combustion space. Coolers of different constructions and versions are used for the charge air intercooling. As we have already presented in conferences and professional journals, we have been engaged in basic research into the non-conventional energetic system with the cooling combustion engine (the engine cooling circle is the ejector of absorption cooling). The obtained cold can be used for different purposes, e.g. for air conditioning of the maintenance room, cooling of goods storage space in trucks and also for more intensive intercooling of the charge air. Simultaneously with the mentioned topics we have been partially dealing with the influence of more intensive intercooling on the engine ecological parameters. We have presented some results of mathematical modelling connected with the mentioned topic. The paper is a continuation of previous publications and focuses on results of the experiment observing a two-stage charge air intercooling to lower temperatures. The air-to-air cooler was used as the first intercooling stage while the second stage was performed by means of the water-air intercooler.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 177-184
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contemporary threats to the state air defence system
Autorzy:
Radomyski, Adam
Materak, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
air defence
air defence systems
fighter aircraft
ballistic missiles
air threats
air terrorism
Opis:
The contents of this article are focused on presenting the results of research concerning development of the means of air threat as a major determinant of changes in the modernisation of the air defence system in Poland. In this regard, the authors emphasise the role and means of air threat as a kind of pacemaker development of air defence systems. In this article, the main area of scientific considerations are technical and tactical aspects concerned with the evolution of manned and unmanned aircraft. The directions of their development of combat capabilities and an estimate of their use in contemporary and future battlefields against military objectives and non-military ones are covered. The article has high educational value and highlights future threats to the state air defence system and development trends in the twenty-first century.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2016, 11, 2; 45-69
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of air purification methods in urban open spaces
Autorzy:
Rusowicz, Artur
Grzebielec, Andrzej
Ruciński, Adam
Niewiński, Grzegorz
Laskowski, Rafał
Jaworski, Maciej
Mielewczyk, Wojciech
Całun-Nadulski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
air pollution
air purification
air purification in public space
Opis:
Cities, but also villages around the world, are struggling with air pollution that can lead to illness and even death of citizens. This phenomenon causes that many local governments are going to build an air purification installations in public spaces. The article presents an analysis of air quality in the center of Polish cietes like Warsaw, Krakow and Zakopane for PM10 and PM2.5 dusts in December 2018. There are proposed ways to improve the air quality in open urban spaces.
Źródło:
Modern Engineering; 2019, 3; 103-108
2450-5501
Pojawia się w:
Modern Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy ze smogiem w Europie – wspólny raport o jakości powietrza
Problems with Smog in Europe – Joint Report on Air Quality
Autorzy:
Dudek, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
air quality
pollution
smog
air protection
air quality report
Opis:
Air pollution is the reason for huge damages to European Union citizens’ health. Every year, some 400,000 Europeans die prematurely as a result of excessive levels of such substances as suspended dust, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. It is despite the fact that the EU legal regulations on the permissible values of air pollutants have been in force for almost thirty years. In order to broaden the knowledge of air pollution as well as the ways to implement and the effectiveness of the policy on air protection in individual Member States, the Supreme Audit Office and the Netherlands Court of Audit coordinated the largest international audit in the field of environmental protection in the history of the European Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions – EUROSAI. The audit resulted in a joint audit report on air quality, based on the findings of the audits conducted in the countries that participated in this project.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2019, 64, 3 (386); 51-57
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The National Air Pollution Control Programme in Poland – Selected Legal Issues
Autorzy:
Radecka, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
air
air protection
nec directive
Opis:
The article focuses on Poland’s obligations arising from Article 6 of the Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC[1]. The objective of the article is to present legal solutions adopted in the National Air Pollution Control Programme (further referred to as the NAPCP) in Poland. This is preceded by an analysis of this document in the context of other legal instruments for environmental protection, and an evaluation of its effectiveness.
Niniejszy artykuł skupia się na wskazaniu zobowiązań Polski wynikających z art. 6 dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) 2016/2284 z dnia 14 grudnia 2016 r. w sprawie redukcji krajowych emisji niektórych rodzajów zanieczyszczeń atmosferycznych, zmiany dyrektywy 2003/35/WE oraz uchylenia dyrektywy 2001/81/WE[1]. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie rozwiązań prawnych przyjętych w krajowym programie ograniczania zanieczyszczeń powietrza (dalej: KPOZP) w Polsce, z wcześniejszym umiejscowieniem tego dokumentu na tle innych prawnych instrumentów ochrony powietrza, oraz ocena jego skuteczności.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 40, 1; 7-23
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russia’s and NATO’s use of air power in comparison: what is to be expected?
Autorzy:
Grimshaw, Steven
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/534410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
Air power
Russian air force
NATO air power
Future warfare.
Opis:
This research analyses the Russian approach to the use of air power supporting direct subordination to ground forces in comparison with NATO’s approach of an independent component directly conducting the military objective through deep air operations. By drawing upon mostly open sources, this paper sheds light on possible advantages and limitations of both sides’ peculiar approaches in regards to possible future military encounters. Despite taking NATO’s evolution of air power into account, it becomes clear that the Russian military air forces cannot fully adapt in the near future due to mainly historical, economic, technological and geopolitical factors. Therefore, Russia’s air forces are rather unbalanced and incapable of applying the full potential of air power. Through analysing the origins and emphasising further implications as to future development, this research highlights the importance for NATO to focus more on achieving and maintaining air superiority including exploitation of its clear advantage in long-range aviation.
Źródło:
Security Forum; 2017, 1, Volume 1 No. 1/2017; 123-136
2544-1809
Pojawia się w:
Security Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona powietrza przed zanieczyszczeniami – dlaczego w Polsce nie można odetchnąć pełną piersią?
Protection of Air against Pollution – Why Cannot We Get a Breath of Fresh Air in Poland?
Autorzy:
Pankowska, Marta
Gorczyca, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
quality of the air
air pollution
air protection programmes
pollutants
Opis:
At the time when Poland joined the European Union, the quality of the air in the country was far from the European standards. At the moment, the level of certain pollutants in the air is still high, which may result in legal proceedings of the European Union bodies against Poland, and consequent substantial financial charges. What is worse, it is estimated that as many as 45,000 Poles die every year due to air pollution. That is why NIK has decided to conduct an audit aimed at evaluating the activities of public entities undertaken with a view to improving the quality and protection of the air in the period between the year 2008 and the first half of the year 2014. The audit covered: the functioning of air monitoring, the development of air protection programmes by individual bodies of regional self-governments and the performance of tasks set out in these programs by competent self-government bodies, the financing of tasks related to air protection by regional funds for environmental protection and water management, as well as the coordination of activities and cooperation of organisational units with regard to the implementation of protection related measures. The audit was carried out in five regions (Małopolskie, Mazowieckie, Opolskie, Pomorskie and Śląskie), and it covered 25 auditees.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2015, 60, 3 (362); 60-78
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnosis of three types damages to the ventilation system
Autorzy:
Voznyak, Orest
Spodyniuk, Nadiia
Sukholova, Iryna
Savchenko, Olena
Kasynets, Mariana
Datsko, Oleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
air distribution
air velocity
swirled air jet
compact air jet
flat air jet
dystrybucja powietrza
prędkość powietrza
system wentylacyjny
diagnostyka
Opis:
The article is devoted to solving of urgent problem to eliminate damage in ventilation system. That is caused by non-adequate long range, stagnant unventilated areas in the room existance and high noise level in the premises at air distribution by swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet. A noise level of air supply with swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air jet and rectangular air stream in the room has been investigated. It is shown that in order to achieve the maximum noise level decreasing it is necessary to ensure its supply by jets, which less intensively attenuate before entering the premise working area. Results of the experimental research are presented as graphical and analytical dependences. The acoustic properties of the swirled air flow, compact air jet, flat air stream and rectangular air jet have been investigated and means of situation improving have been determined. The results of experimental research of air supply to the room are presented. It is established that with the increase of the angle of swirling plates inclination and ratio of the slit sides the air jets noise level decreases.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2022, 23, 1; 1--10
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warunki termiczne a stężenie pyłu zawieszonego w powietrzu atmosferycznym zimą w wybranych miastach Polski
Thermal conditions and concentration of particulate matter in atmospheric air in winter in selected Polish cities
Autorzy:
Rawicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
PM10
air temperature
air pollution
Opis:
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of thermal conditions on emission of PM10 in the atmosphere during the winter period in selected Polish cities. The basis of the work were average daily PM10 and air temperature measurement results, which were made in six cities during three of calendar winters (December-February) in 2011–2014. It has been shown that every decrease in temperature during the winter affects the increase in the concentration of PM10 in ambient air in most of the analyzed cities. The greatest role of air temperature in shaping emission of the fraction of particulate matter variability was found in a relatively cool winter 2011/2012, when the number of days with oversize levels of contamination ranged from 7 in Suwałki to even 46 in Nowy Sącz. The smallest impact of this weather element was found during a warm winter 2013/2014.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2016, 1; 59-65
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aerodynamic interference between pusher propeller slipstream and an airframe : literature review
Autorzy:
Ruchała, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transport
air propulsion
pusher propeller
Opis:
In the article, an aerodynamic interference between pusher propeller slipstream and the airframe of the aircraft powered by it has been presented, based on a literature study. A pusher propeller is one of popular types of the airplane propulsion. It is applied mainly in light sport aircrafts, in the UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), unorthodox vehicles, like compound helicopters, canard and joined wing aircrafts etc. The main advantage of pusher propeller is that the engine with the pusher propeller does not affect the visibility from the cockpit and allows placing an electronic equipment in the front part of the UAV’s fuselage. Furthermore, reduced cabin noise and increase in stability due to acting normal force aft of the centre of gravity are other benefits of this configuration. The pusher propeller impact on the airframe, especially on the wing, is qualitatively different from the tractor configuration. Main differences between both propulsions has been discussed, as well as aerodynamic benefits of the pusher propeller – like reduction of separated flow area and extending area of laminar boundary layer. However, an application of pusher propeller may have also negative impact, especially lower performance than tractor propeller. In the article the reasons of this suppression has been briefly discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 237-244
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of thermal comfort in a lecture hall with the application of instruments for computational fluid dynamics
Autorzy:
Skotnicka-Siepsiak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
thermal comfort
air division
air conditioning
Opis:
The examinations presented in this article aim at illustrating some possibilities of applying instruments for computational fluid dynamics to assess thermal comfort on the example of a lecture hall in the building of the Institute of Building Engineering at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The obtained results have been subjected to an analysis according to the guidelines provided in the PN-EN ISO 7730:2006 norm. For the air heating system used in the hall, the distributions of velocity, temperature, as well as the PMV and PDD indices have been subjected to an analysis, with a particular focus on the optimal temperature of the air inflow.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2016, 19(1); 41-58
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Daily oscillations of the air temperature in selected coniferous communities in the Borecka Forest
Autorzy:
Pietras, Katarzyna
Mikulska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
air temperature
amplitude
maximal air temperature
minimal air temperature
local climate
Opis:
Two coniferous forest communities were selected for analysis: a marshy coniferous forest and a young spruce forest, both located in the Borecka Forest. Thermal conditions develop differently in each community during the spring, due to different tree crown closure, which influences the amount of direct solar radiation reaching the substratum. Soil humidity is another factor influencing the air temperature, since the capacity and thermal inertia of the soil depend on its humidity. The results of the study are compared with thermal conditions outside the forest.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2008, 13; 113-120
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 3978

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