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    Wyświetlanie 1-39 z 39
    Tytuł:
    Michała Hellera koncepcja teologii nauki
    Michael Heller’s concept of the theology of science
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28761803.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    teologia nauki
    Michał Heller
    theology of science
    Michael Heller
    Opis:
    Tematyka artykułu oscyluje wokół koncepcji teologii nauki zaproponowanej przez Michała Hellera. W ujęciu tego autora teologia nauki ma być nową dyscypliną teologiczną, która uczyni przedmiotem swoich analiz fakt istnienia nauk – w szczególności nauk przyrodniczych – oraz uzyskiwane w tych naukach wyniki. W pierwszej części artykułu omówiona zostanie sama idea teologii nauki. W zamyśle Hellera dyscyplina ta ma spoglądać na nauki przez pryzmat teologicznej prawdy o stworzeniu świata przez Boga. Problematyka stworzenia staje się w tym ujęciu punktem odniesienia dla analiz poświęconych teoriom naukowym, które mówią o początku świata i o ewolucyjnym początku życia biologicznego. Te i tym podobne zagadnienia, które mogą być przedmiotem zainteresowania teologii nauki, zostaną krótko omówione w dalszej części artykułu.
    The article deals with a concept which was proposed by Michael Heller, who argues that a new theological discipline should be created to deal with sciences and their results. The primary taks of the theology of science – it is the name of this new discipline – is to theologically analyze the fact of the existence of science and its results. The very idea of the theology of science is presented in the first part of the paper, then some issues that may interest this discipline are discussed. Special attention is paid to the problematics of creation, and to some strictly scientific issues that are directly related to this topic (e.g. the beginning of the universe, the evolution of life, the rationality of the world, the antropic principle, the existence of other intelligent beings in the universe).
    Źródło:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne; 2022, 41, 1; 89-110
    2391-6826
    0239-4472
    Pojawia się w:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some Remarks on the Mind-Brain Identity Theory
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29552046.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Mind
    brain
    theory of identity
    Opis:
    The issue of the relation between the mind and the brain is known as one of the most discussed problem of the philosophy of mind. The recent development of neuroscience contributed significantly to animate the discussion on this subject. This article is one voice in this discussion. It contains a critical analysis of some arguments in favor of the theory which claims that the mind is identical to the brain. Moreso, it is argued, that the observed correlations between physical and mental events cannot be treated as a proof that there is no difference between the mind and the brain.
    Źródło:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2023, 13, 1; 83-96
    2391-6559
    2083-8018
    Pojawia się w:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Idea Bożej wszechmocy a problem zła
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/669343.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    God’s omnipotence
    problem of evil
    physical evi
    laws of nature
    Boża wszechmoc
    problem zła
    zło fizyczne
    prawa przyrody
    Opis:
    This article deals with the relation between the theological idea of God’s omnipotence and the problem of evil which refers to the question of how to reconcile the existence of evil with God who is good. One of the main arguments of theodicy, which is a philosophical discipline dealing with this question, points to some important limitations of God’s omnipotence. According to this argument, God’s power is limited by different factors. One of them is human freedom: God can not prevent evil resulting from free decisions of people, because He himself decided them to be free. But this argument can be extended to the whole created world: God gives freedom not only to man, but to the whole universe as well, and this is why it can freely evolve in the boundaries of laws of nature. Physical evil is a simple consequence of such freedom of created world. The paper is composed of three parts. At first, the very idea of God’s omnipotence is discussed. Then the relation of God’s omnipotence and the laws of nature is expounded. In the end the so called non-interventionist model of God’s action in nature is presented.
    Tematyka artykułu oscyluje wokół koncepcji Bożej wszechmocy postrzeganej przez pryzmat głównego problemu teodycei, która stara się znaleźć odpowiedź na pytanie, dlaczego Bóg pozwala na zło. Jeden z argumentów wykorzystywanych w ramach tej dyscypliny odnosi się do różnego rodzaju ograniczeń Bożej wszechmocy, które decydują o tym, że z pewnych względów wszechmocny Stwórca nie może zapobiec różnym formom zła. Takim ograniczeniem jest np. wolność darowana człowiekowi – pozwalając na istnienie wolnej woli Bóg nie może powstrzymać działań człowieka prowadzących do zła. W artykule poddano analizie nieco inny aspekt tego samego ograniczenia, który ma związek z funkcjonowaniem świata przyrody: Bóg daje wolność nie tylko rozumnemu człowiekowi, ale również całej materii, która w granicach wyznaczonych przez prawa przyrody może doświadczać autentycznej autonomii. W tej interpretacji zło fizyczne jawi się jako prosta konsekwencja integralności procesów przyrodniczych. Pierwsza część artykułu dotyczy samej idei Bożej wszechmocy; w drugiej części idea ta zostaje odniesiona do koncepcji praw przyrody; w trzeciej i ostatniej omówiony jest tzw. nieinterwencjonistyczny model działania Boga w przyrodzie.
    Źródło:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne; 2017, 36, 2
    2391-6826
    0239-4472
    Pojawia się w:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nieinterwencjonistyczny model działania Boga w świecie przyrody
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/669401.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    non-interventional model
    divine action
    laws of nature
    St. Thomas Aquinas
    model nieinterwencjonistyczny
    działanie Boga
    prawa przyrody
    św. Tomasz z Akwinu
    Opis:
    This paper deals with the problem of God’s action in nature. It is argued that the divine action is always non-interventional, which means that God never violates the laws of nature. He creates the evolving universe, keeps it in existence and continously influences its history using these laws, and not breaking them. At first, the character of the laws of nature will be discussed – both in scientific and theological perspective. Later, the creative presence of God in the universe will be described. Special attention will be paid to St. Thomas Aquinas argument concerning the distinction between the first cause (which should be identified with God) and the secondary cause (which should be identified with all the physical causes explored by science). Finally, some advantages of the non-intervetnional model of the divine action in nature will be indicated.
    Artykuł poświęcony jest problematyce działania Boga w świecie przyrody. Zaprezentowano w nim argumenty przemawiające za modelem nieinterwencjonistycznym, w którym zakłada się, że Bóg konsekwentnie respektuje porządek przyczyn i skutków wynikający z praw przyrody, i zamierzone przez siebie efekty uzyskuje bez naruszania tego porządku. Historia ewoluującego wszechświata, którą badają nauki empiryczne, jest w perspektywie teologicznej historią działania Boga, który stwarza świat i podtrzymuje go w istnieniu za pośrednictwem praw przyrody powodujących stopniowy rozwój wszechświata i ewolucję życia. W kolejnych częściach artykułu podjęta została problematyka praw przyrody, stwórczej obecności Boga w przyrodzie oraz działania Stwórcy dokonującego się za pośrednictwem przyczyn wtórnych (argument św. Tomasza). W zakończeniu wskazano na zalety modelu nieinterwencjonistycznego.
    Źródło:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne; 2016, 35, 1
    2391-6826
    0239-4472
    Pojawia się w:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Problem of the Beginning of the World in the Interpretation of Saint Thomas Aquinas
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957889.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    St. Thomas
    Aquinas
    creation
    beginning of the world
    Opis:
    This paper deals with Saint Thomas’s view of the problem of the world’s beginning, which consists in an alleged contradiction between religious truth about the creation of the world by God and Aristotle’s concept of the eternal existence of the world. According to Aquinas, such a contradiction is apparent, because the idea of creation is fundamentally different from the idea of beginning. The discussion of this issue is divided into three parts. At first, the historical background of the whole problem is presented. Then, Saint Thomas’s solution of the difficulty – included in his book De aeternitate mundi – is briefly discussed. Finally, it is argued that this solution can be inspiring for contemporary theologians.
    Źródło:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2020, 10, 1; 5-15
    2391-6559
    2083-8018
    Pojawia się w:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uwagi o teistycznej interpretacji zasady antropicznej
    Some remarks on the theistic interpretation of the anthropic principle
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/431169.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    anthropic principle
    cosmological coincidences
    fine-tuning
    cosmological proof
    zasada antropiczna
    kosmiczne koincydencje
    subtelne dostrojenie
    dowód kosmologiczny
    Opis:
    This article attempts to answer the question of the relevance of the anthropic principle for theological arguments for the existence of God. The anthropic principle focuses on the subtle “fine-tuning” of the laws of nature and cosmological parameters, without which man could not have appeared in the universe. It seems therefore that the universe exists for a certain purpose, which is the “production” of rational observers. Because of its teleological character the anthropic principle is susceptible to theological interpretation, which assumes that God brings into existence a universe made for man. In this approach the Creator appears as the designer of the universe, albeit his design is confined exclusively to the laws of nature. This is why such an interpretation is essentially different from the so-called theory of intelligent design. This paper defends the thesis that the anthropic principle is an interesting argument – but not a scientific proof – for the rationality of religious faith in God as the creator of the universe.
    Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaką wartość dla teologicznej argumentacji za istnieniem Boga ma zasada antropiczna. Mówi ona o subtelnym „dostrojeniu” praw przyrody i parametrów kosmologicznych, bez którego we wszechświecie nie mógłby pojawić się człowiek. Wszechświat wydaje się zatem istnieć dla określonego celu, jakim jest „wyprodukowanie” rozumnego obserwatora. Ze względu na swój teleologiczny charakter zasada antropiczna jest podatna na interpretację teologiczną, w której zakłada się, że to Bóg powołuje do istnienia wszechświat przygotowany dla człowieka. W tym ujęciu Stwórca jawi się jako projektant wszechświata, ale Jego projekt dotyczy tu tylko praw przyrody – z tej racji interpretacja ta różni się zasadniczo od tzw. teorii inteligentnego projektu. W artykule uzasadniono tezę, że zasada antropiczna jest ciekawym argumentem – ale nie naukowym dowodem – za racjonalnością religijnej wiary w Boga, który jest stwórcą wszechświata.
    Źródło:
    Studia Philosophiae Christianae; 2019, 55, 1; 71-95
    0585-5470
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Philosophiae Christianae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some Remarks on the Theological Interpretation of the Theory of Evolution
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668608.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Creation
    evolution
    creationism
    Bible
    theory of evolution
    evolutionary creationism
    God of the gaps
    God and evolution
    Opis:
    This paper deals with the problem of alleged conflict between the theological idea of the creation of man by God and the scientific theories that explain the origin of the human body referring to the process of evolution. It is argued that there is no contradiction between these two domains and that there is no real conflict between the idea of creation and the theory of evolution. At first, the conception of evolution is introduced. Afterwards, the evolutionary creationism is presented as the theological doctrine which claims that God created man, using for this purpose mechanisms of evolution. It is argued that the Biblical account of creation must not be understood literally and that during the lecture of this account one should respect the interpretative principle of St. Augustine concerning metaphorical sense of some Biblical texts. Finally, a “method” of explaining of the emergence of the human body by a direct action of God (“God of the gaps”) is criticized.
    Źródło:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2013, 3, 1
    2391-6559
    2083-8018
    Pojawia się w:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Józefa Życińskiego koncepcja ewolucyjnego emergentyzmu
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/669215.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    emergentism
    supervenience
    evolutionary emergentism
    Joseph Życiński
    emergentyzm
    superweniencja
    ewolucyjny emergentyzm
    Józef Życiński
    Opis:
    Emergetism is a theory which explains the mechanism of evolutionary development of nature by stipulating that in complex natural systems on the higher levels of complexity there appear some functions and properties that can not be reduced to and accounted for by functions and properties of the lower levels of complexity. It is therefore the theory of emergence – which stands for some special way the complex systems arise (emerge) from a multiplicity of their relatively simply components. The idea of evolutionary emergentism appears in the philosophical writings of Joseph Życiński in the context of a discussion on the possibility of creating a interpretation of evolutionary processes in which biological theory of evolution could be combined in a coherent way with a theological doctrine about God, the creator of the universe. This paper presents the main ideas and opinions Życiński formulated about this theory; the first part of it contains some basic characterization of emergetnism, the second one compares the notions of emergence and of supervenience; the third one concerns some theological interpretation of this two notions.
    Źródło:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne; 2012, 31, 2
    2391-6826
    0239-4472
    Pojawia się w:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Druga rewolucja kwantowa: dziedzictwo Johna S. Bella
    Second Quantum Revolution: The Legacy of John S. Bell
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691016.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    John S. Bell
    quantum mechanics
    EPR
    philosophy of science
    Opis:
    The history of quantum mechanics is divided into two periods which are labeled as the first and the second quantum revolutions. During the first of these periods mathematical formalism of quantum theory was formulated and interpreted, during the second – new quantum technologies were developed. It turns out that conceptual revolution of the first period enabled technological revolution of the second. In this article it is argued, that Irish physicist, John S. Bell, played an important role in the process of triggering the second quantum revolution. His work on quantum entanglement of the EPR particles made possible elaborating some new methods and theoretical approaches clarifying the quantum description of single objects. These methods and approaches became the core of new scientific domains which are hybrids of quantum mechanics and some classical sciences. The quantum cryptography and the quantum computation are examples of such domains and in the paper special attention is paid to them. It is showed that theoretical analyses of John S. Bell provide a conceptual background for these disciplines and this is why it’s not improper to call this physicist – as Alain Aspect did – a prophet of the second quantum revolution.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 49; 123-137
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ostatnia książka Józefa Życińskiego
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691225.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: J. Życiński, Bóg i stworzenie. Zarys teorii ewolucji, Gaudium, Lublin 2011, ss. 118.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 48; 166-168
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Paradoks grawitacyjny
    The gravitational paradox
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691239.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    cosmology
    gravitational paradox
    seeliger
    Hugo von Seeliger
    Opis:
    Philosophical as well as scientific disputes about the role gravitation plays in the structure of the universe took place long before the high-tech cosmology emerged. One of the main topics of these disputes was the problem of the so-called gravitational paradox, which appears when one applies the Newtonian laws of gravity to the whole material content of the universe. According to these laws, gravitation should cause a global collapse what is obviously inconsistent with observations. Various formulations of this paradox are analyzed and their historical context is presented.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 48; 111-126
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Krótka historia Principiów Newtona
    A Short History of Newton’s Principia
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691280.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    history of science
    Isaack Newton
    Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
    Opis:
    The Polish translation of the most famous treatise of Newton has just been published, which is a good opportunity to recall some of the episodes related to the origin of Principia. In the first part of this three piece paper, the historical context is presented, in which unsolved scientific problems – specially those of planetary motions – were discussed before Newton; in the second part, the circumstances of the process of the writing of the Principia are outlined; in the third part, some facts are recalled which show that not all scientists and philosophers at once recognized the value and the importance of Newton’s treatise. Finally, some remarks on the Polish edition are made.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2012, 50; 102-117
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O problemie autorstwa paradoksu nocnego nieba
    On the authorship problem of the darkness of the night sky paradox
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690626.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    night sky paradoks
    Olbers' paradox
    Opis:
    In this paper a prehistory of the so called Olbers' paradox is discussed. The stress is laid not on the paradox and its solution within contemporary cosmology, but rather on its authorship: it is argued that Olbers was not the first to formulate the famous paradox. Some astronomers are quoted (Kepler, Halley, Cheseaux), who long before Olbers were aware of the problem of the darkness of the night sky and who wrote about it. Their solutions to the paradox in question were not correct, but neither was Olbers'; to resolve the paradox one has to assume that universe had its beginning and that it expands.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2007, 41; 16-27
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some remarks on the conflict between faith and science
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668677.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Faith
    science
    conflict between faith and science
    separation
    catharsis
    complementarity
    Opis:
    This paper deals with the conflict between faith and science. Since the issue is extensive, only selected aspects of this question are discussed. At first, the origin of the problem is outlined – it is argued, that the fundamental difference between the language and the method of science on one hand and of theology understood as a rational reflection on the truths of faith on the other is responsible for the conflict. Afterwards, two aspects of the conflict are presented – the first one concerns inconsistencies which appear on the plane of content – when some scientific statements or theorems seem to deny some theological claims; the second one involves differences in mentality and in worldview which appear on the plane of attitude. It is argued, that the content discrepancies can be eliminated with the help of two methods: of separation and of catharsis. But the differences in mentality which appear on the plane of attitude cannot be so easily eliminated. So finally the characteristics of these two different attitudes – of faith and of science – is discussed. It is argued, that a fundamental dissimilarity between the character of scientific knowledge (especially its empiricism) and of religious faith is a basic source of mutual estrangement and alienation.
    Źródło:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2016, 6, 1
    2391-6559
    2083-8018
    Pojawia się w:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czas poza-fizyczny w filozofii Henryka Mehlberga
    Extra-physical Time in the Philosophy of Henry Mehlberg
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909943.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    extra-physical time
    mehlberg
    psychophysical synchronisation
    Opis:
    This paper presents some ideas of Henry Mehlberg on the problem of temporal localizability of psychological states belonging to a human being. There are three kinds of extra-physical time, referred to in Mehlberg's philosophy as psychological, inter-psychological, and psychophysical. The first one determines temporal order of psychological states belonging to the same self; the second one concerns psychological states of different selfs; the third one describes temporal relations between physical and psychological events. Physical time and all three kinds of extra-physical time together form a single universal time. This article includes short characterisation of these temporal concepts and discusses some methods of psychophysical synchronisation.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2005, 13, 3; 71-84
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Filozoficzne idee w fizyce i kosmologii Alberta Einsteina
    Philosophical Ideas in Einstein’s Physics and Cosmology
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964015.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The present paper deals with the issue of some mutual dependencies between science and philosophy. It turns out that it is not possible easily to separate these two disciplines. All the great physical theories are entangled with notions and ideas which belong to the domain of philosophy. It is well known from the history of science that such notions and ideas very often were an important stimulus that pushed a scholar toward some strictly scientific problem and made him start working on a physical theory which would allow to solve this problem. This subject matter is presented in the article in the context of scientific as well as philosophical achievements of Albert Einstein. It is shown that some philosophical ideas considerably influenced the process of formation of his relativity theory and of his first cosmological model. Special attention is paid to the so called Mach’s Principle, which is a postulate concerning the relativity of mass, and to the idea of staticity of the universe which caused Einstein to change his field equations in such a way that they would produce a static model of the universe.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2013, 21, 2; 131-143
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Krótka historia nielokalności
    A Short History of Nonlocality
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968655.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    Nonlocality is one of the most uncommon features of the quantum world. This "spooky action at a distance" signifies a kind of instant interaction between places separated by space. This paper deals with a history of this notion and tries to answer the question of how and when this notion appeared as well as what were the factors of its evolution. The main source of information about this subject-matter is the history of science. In the paper the most important episodes concerning nonlocality are presented, excluding the Bell's Theorem (1964), which proves nonlocal behavior of quantum objects and opens completely new period in the history of science. First, Newton's gravitational action at a distance is discussed. Afterwards, the problem of nonlocal interactions in quantum mechanics is sketched; special attention is paid to the EPR paradox. Finally, the interpretative disputes about nonlocality in the years preceding the Bell's Theorem are presented.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2007, 15, 4; 79-96
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teoria wielu światów - nauka czy filozofia?
    The Many Worlds Theory - Science or Philosophy?
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968668.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    There are many interpretative problems, which are to be found in the domain of quantum mechanics, but the measurement problem is one of the most troublesome. According to the standard formulation of this theory, an observer is needed to cause a collapse of the wave function of any isolated quantum system. But in the case of the Universe - the possible largest isolated quantum system - there is no external observer that could be responsible for such a collapse. An interpretation of quantum theory, which solves this difficulty, is the so called Many Worlds Theory, originally credited to Hugh Everett. This paper presents some main ideas of this theory and compares its qualities and faults.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2008, 16, 3-4; 141-154
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Projekt czy ewolucja? Stwórcze działanie Boga w świecie przyrody
    Design or Evolution? God’s Creative Action in the World of Nature
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1791022.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-01-04
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    kreacjonizm
    ewolucja
    inteligentny projekt
    creationism
    evolution
    intelligent design
    Opis:
    Artykuł poświęcono krytycznej analizie kilka wybranych argumentów pojawiających się we współczesnej dyskusji dotyczącej interpretacji stwórczego działania Boga w świecie przyrody, rozpatrywanego w kontekście teorii ewolucji. W szczególności zwrócono uwagę na zastrzeżenia wobec tej teorii wysuwane przez niektórych przedstawicieli kreacjonizmu ujętego w ramy systemu metafizyki św. Tomasza, którzy nie widzą możliwości uzgodnienia ewolucji z teologiczną prawdą o stworzeniu świata przez Boga. Rozpatrzono również argumenty leżące u podstaw teorii inteligentnego projektu, która głosi, że oparta na przypadku ewolucja nie może w sposób adekwatny wyjaśnić „nieredukowalnej złożoności” żywych organizmów, i że w związku z tym należy przyjąć, iż na przebieg procesów ewolucyjnych mają zasadniczy wpływ bezpośrednie działania Boga—Inteligentnego Projektanta.
    The article is devoted to the critical analysis of several arguments appearing in contemporary discussions regarding the interpretation of God’s creative activity in the world of nature, considered in the context of the theory of evolution. In particular, an attention was paid to some reservations about this theory put forward by some representatives of creationism contained within the framework of St. Thomas’s metaphysics, who see no way to reconcile evolution with the theological truth about God’s creation of the world. The arguments underlying the theory of intelligent design were also considered. This theory claims that chance-based evolution cannot adequately explain the „irreducible complexity” of living organisms, and that it must therefore be assumed that the course of evolutionary processes is primarily influenced by the direct actions of God—the Intelligent Designer.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2020, 68, 4; 111-131
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ontologiczny status czasu w filozofii Henryka Mehlberga
    The Ontological Status of Time in the Philosophy of Henry Mehlberg
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013437.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    czas
    natura czasu
    realność czasu
    Mehlberg
    time
    nature of time
    reality of time
    Opis:
    The paper presents the stand of Henry Mehlberg on the nature of physical time. This is both an antirelational and relativistic outlook. It deals with the problem of ontological independence and physical reality of time, particularly in the context of discussion between relational and substantival theory of time, and criticism of the positivistic interpretation of relational theory. It outlines some arguments for reality of time, derived from the quantum physics. This conception is a philosophical basis of the causal theory of time, created by Henry Mehlberg.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2006, 54, 1; 125-138
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jedyna tajemnica mechaniki kwantowej
    The only mystery of quantum mechanics
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690564.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    philosophy of physics
    philosophy of quantum mechanics
    double-slit experiment
    quantum mechanical phenomena
    Opis:
    The double slit experiment is a relatively simple physical test that can be useful for demonstrating the corpuscular-wave dualism of light and matter, which is the supreme mystery of the whole quantum physics. A particular riddle here is especially the mechanism responsible for the formation of a interference pattern in a situation when single quantum objects pass through the experimental setup. In the article the main idea of the experiment is discussed and two possible explanations of its results are briefly shortly presented: the view of the Copenhagen school and the de Broglie-Bohm’s pilot wave theory.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2013, 52; 35-52
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zagadnienie strzałki czasu w filozofii Henryka Mehlberga
    Arrow of time in the philosophy of Henry Mehlberg
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690582.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    arrow of time
    Henry Mehlberg
    temporal isotropy
    temporal symmetry
    philosophy of physics
    Opis:
    The arrow of time problem belongs to the most discussed questions of the contemporary philosophy of physics. Some aspects of this problem are discussed in this paper in the context of Henry Mehlberg's philosophical views. Mehlberg devoted a significant part of his work to the enigma of time. He argues that all major empirical theories are invariant with respect to time reversal. In the present paper, the difference between temporal isotropy as expressed in the everyday language and in scientific theories is first presented, then Mehlberg's arguments on behalf of temporal symmetry are analyzed and, finally, some philosophical implications of arrowless time are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2005, 36; 66-96
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teologia naturalna Sir Edmunda Tylora Whittakera
    Natural theology of Sir Edmund Tylor Whittaker
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690594.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    Edmund Whittaker
    natural theology
    Big Bang
    creation 'ex nihilo'
    philosophy of mathematics
    cosmology
    determinism
    free will
    Opis:
    There were scientists who believed that the beginning of the universe that cosmology speaks about should be identified with the moment of creation by God. One of them was Edmund Whittaker, who was convinced that the Big Bang provides a kind of scientific proof of the creation 'ex nihilo' and consequently of the existence of God. The present paper gives a short account of his natural theology. In the first chapter, Whittaker's philosophy of mathematics is presented - this is his point of departure: rational and mathematical character of the world is - in his opinion - a source of our knowledge of God. Chapters two and three give an account of Whittaker's natural theology; the stress is put on the Big Bang as a moment of the world's creation. In chapter four, the relevance of cosmology for the understanding of the Five Ways to God of St. Thomas is discussed. The last chapter deals with the problem of determinism and free will as seen by Edmund Whittaker.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2008, 42; 78-111
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O naukowych i filozoficznych implikacjach problemu brakującej masy
    On the Scientific and Philosophical Implications of the Missing Mass Problem
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690664.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    Missing Mass Problem
    dark matter
    dark energy
    cosmology
    philosophy of physics
    Opis:
    The article deals with the so called missing mass problem which during the last three decades has become one of the most serious difficulties in physics. There is some strong empirical evidence that the Universe contains not only matter that can be seen (by telescopes or radio telescopes) but the huge quantities of the unseen matter as well. The ordinary matter known to physics is but a small part of all matter the Universe is composed of. The missing mass is supposed to be in the form of the dark matter and the dark energy. In the paper the arguments in favor of the existence of these two entities are outlined, and some scientific as well as philosophical implications of the missing mass problem are discussed. It is argued that all the proposed solutions of this problem lead to serious changes in the scientific and philosophical worldview.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2014, 54; 5-37
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prawie wszystko o nauce w krótkiej historii
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690672.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: B. Bryson, Krótka historia prawie wszystkiego, przekład: J. Bieroń, Wydawnictwo Zysk i S-ka, Poznań 2006, s. 539.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2007, 41; 168-171
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Davida Bohma teoria zmiennych ukrytych
    David Bohms theory of hidden variables
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690698.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    David Bohm
    hidden variable theory
    nonlocality
    quantum mechanics
    quantum mechanics' interpretations
    Opis:
    One of the most important interpretative problems of quantum mechanics concerns the so called hidden variables. Sometimes it is said that the Bell's theorem falsifies theories of such variables, but in fact, it falsifies only local ones. This paper deals with David Bohm's interpretation of quantum mechanics, which is a kind of nonlocal hidden variable theory. This theory delivers a full deterministic and realistic description of quantum phenomena and predicts the same results as standard quantum mechanics. It is argued that this interpretation is still worth being investigated, because it remains in the full agreement with the mathematical formalism of this theory and it surpasses the standard interpretation as far as simplicity and lack of arbitrary assumptions are concerned.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2009, 44; 25-39
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nowa teoria indeterministycznego świata
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690882.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: Ilya Prigogine, Kres pewności. Czas, chaos i nowe prawa natury, WAB i CiS, Warszawa 2000, s. 267, przekład: I. Nowoszewska, P. Szwajcer.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2006, 38; 157-160
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Krótka (pre)historia argumentu EPR
    Short (pre)history of the EPR argument
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690916.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    EPR argument
    Einstein-Podolsky -Rosen argument
    quantum mechanics
    philosophy of physics
    Opis:
    The 1935 thought experiment of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen is one of the most important episodes in the history of the dispute about the correct interpretation of quantum mechanics. The present paper deals with the origin of the EPR paper and discusses some other thought experiments that preceded the formulation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument. Special attention is paid to the evolution of a simply photon-box experiment, which was devised by Einstein in 1930 and then modified by him several times before 1935. It is argued that the scheme of the original EPR argument is in fact contained in these few seminal experiments.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2010, 47; 54-69
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Eklektyczny dziennik podróży popularyzatora nauki
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690946.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: A. Ananthaswamy, Tajemnice Wszechświata. Podróż do granic fizyki, Z. Łomnica (tłum.), Prószyński i S-ka, Warszawa 2012, s. 320.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2012, 51; 160-162
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jeszcze jedna historia mechaniki kwantowej
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690950.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: M. Kumar, Kwantowy świat. Einstein, Bohr i wielki spór o naturę rzeczywistości, U. i M. Seweryńscy (tłum.), Prószyński i S-ka, Warszawa 2012, s. 496.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2012, 51; 156-160
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Duchowy portret prekursora teorii Wielkiego Wybuchu
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690954.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: Dominique Lambert, Droga duchowa Georgesa Lemaître’a, W. Załuski, K. Mrówka (tłum.), Biblos, Tarnów 2012, s. 210.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2012, 51; 154-156
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kosmologia prawosławnych mistyków
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691024.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: Olivier Clement, Boski kosmos. Wybrane zagadnienia z kosmologii, P. Mikulska (tłum.), Wydawnictwo Salwator, Kraków 2010, s. 84.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 49; 196-199
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metafizyka z perspektywy interdyscyplinarnej
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: S. Wszołek, Elementy metafizyki, część I, Biblos - Tarnów, OBI - Kraków, 2008, s. 202.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2009, 45; 164-167
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy możliwa jest synteza nauki i teologii?
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691231.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: Wiesław M. Macek, Teologia nauki według księdza Michała Hellera, Wydawnictwo UKSW, Warszawa 2010, ss. 175.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 48; 175-178
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy można sformalizować metafizykę?
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691292.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Opis:
    Recenzja książki: Janusz Kaczmarek, Indywidua, Idee, Pojęcia. Badania z zakresu ontologii sformalizowanej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2008, ss. 282.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 48; 190-194
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O konwencjonalnym charakterze pojęcia jednoczesności w Szczególnej Teorii Względności
    On the conventional character of simultaneity in special relativity
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691330.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    simultaneity
    conventionality of simultaneity
    Einstein's simultaneity definition
    special relativity
    Albert Einstein
    David Malament
    Hans Reichenbach
    Opis:
    To be able to determine the simultaneity of distant events, one has to make use of a convention. Einstein's famous definition of simultaneity, which sets e=1/2 , is a case of such a convention. The problem, dealt with in this paper, is to answer the question of whether the choice of such a convention is obligatory or not. The partisans of conventionality of simultaneity argue, that the standard synchronization procedure of clocks, based on the Einstein's definition, is not necessitated by facts concerning the physical universe, but can be replaced by any procedure originating from the definition of simultaneity, given 0 < e < 1. The present article contains some arguments in favor of, as well as against, the conventionality of simultaneity. Apart from Einstein's standard synchronization procedure, special attention is paid to Reichenbach's definition of simultaneity and Malament's theorem. Some attempts at giving an absolute definition of simultaneity are also presented. Finally, an argument from the rationality of the world is formulated.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2005, 37; 53-72
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Realizm naukowy a hipoteza ciemnej materii i ciemnej energii
    Scientific Realism and the Hypothesis of Dark Matter and Dark Energy
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38429416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    scientific realism
    anti-realism
    half-realism
    dark matter
    dark energy
    missing mass problem
    Opis:
    One of the essential aspects of the dispute between scientific realism and anti-realism is the question of the ontological status of unobservable objects assumed by scientific theories and models. Scientific realism claims that these objects exist in the natural world, while anti-realism denies this. The missing mass problem is a good example of an issue that requires that this question be resolved. In cosmology, this problem is solved by assuming the presence of dark matter and dark energy. The difficulty, however, is that experience does not provide direct evidence for the existence of these two „substances.” In the first part of the article, the differences between scientific realism and anti-realism are discussed. In the second and third parts, the problem of the missing mass is presented (special attention is paid to the difficulties with the empirical confirmation of the existence of dark matter and dark energy). The fourth part of the article discusses the arguments of the supporters of half-realism, which is a kind of compromise between scientific realism and anti-realism.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2022, 30, 3; 51-69
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zagadnienie istnienia i natury czasu w wybranych modelach kosmologicznych
    Autorzy:
    Janowski, Jarosław Maciej
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Leciejewski, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/2036301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri
    Opis:
    The question of the existence and the nature of time in selected cosmological models This book is concerned with the question of the existence and the nature of time in selected cosmological models. By such formulation of the subject the author wishes to consider the problem of time, being the object of interest to various sub-fields of philosophy, from the perspective of the philosophy of nature. To achieve that, an application of certain data, that can be provided by science, to the analyzes of the problem of the existence and nature of time, is a necessity. The author will focus on three cosmological models for what can be considered the suggestions of solutions aiming to describe the structure of the Universe below the Planck scale, proposed by theoretical physics. These are the Hartle–Hawking State, also known as the concept of the universe with no boundaries (No-boundary Proposal), created by Stephen Hawking and James Hartle, a Noncommutative Universe model, also known as the concept of the noncommutative regime, postulated by Michał Heller and Wiesław Sasin and the Platonia concept proposed by Julian Barbour. All the proposals mentioned contribute to the Quantum Gravity Research Programme, which aim is to describe the structure of the Universe from the Big Bang until the present in an unitary mode. The Quantum Gravity is expected to connect the incompatible, according to modern physics, formulas of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. The Quantum Gravity should also enable description of the indescribable by both the General Relativity and the Quantum Mechanics, the Initial Singularity which had triggered the Big Bang. The first of four chapters of the book, focuses on the problem of the time in philosophy as a whole. Due to that, it consists of the two issues unavoidable when discussing the subject. Firstly, the author distinguishes a list of questions concerning the phenomenon of time, by which the phenomenon will be presented in terms of philosophical discourse, with reference to the classic distinction of the three aspects: the ontological, epistemological and psychological one. Simultaneously, the classic analysis of the problem will be completed with certain issues being the subject of analysis of time in contemporary philosophy of time (e.g. the controversy between Eternalism and Presentism or the dispute between the Endurantism and Perdurantism). Secondly, a proposal of a typology of comprehension of the time due to its ontological status will be presented. The typology proposed, unlike the renowned distinction between the realism and antirealism, distinguishes also a third one, being the position between realism and antirealism. By emphasizing the fact of existence of this borderland the author wishes to show the subtleties of distinctions related to the ontological status of time and also to remind of how difficult and fascinating the struggle with the issue of time was for various philosophers over the centuries. Furthermore, the autor believes that paying close attention to the fact of the existence of the position mentioned is a characteristic feature of the philosophy of nature. The second chapter focuses on the issue of time as in the perspective of the science. The chapter is giving insight in the nature of the troubles with time experienced not only by philosophers, but also by the scientists. Due to the subject undertaken, the author will limit the science referred to the theoretical physics and the disciplines related. In the first section of this chapter a method will be presented, in which time is recognized in the three great physical theories of the 20th century, especially in the Special Relativity, General Relativity and the Quantum Mechanics. In the theories mentioned, time can be perceived as either as an external parameter, an internal time, or as a Quantum Observable. In the next section the standard cosmological model will be presented, within which the structure and the evolution of the Universe is reconstructed, using the General Relativity and the achievements of Astronomy and Astrophysics as a theoretical background. The standard model however faces difficulties and even collapses, when attempting to describe the initial stage of the evolution of the Universe, known as the Planck Era. To be able to describe the structure of the Universe at this stage of its evolution correctly, it is necessary to provide a theory, which would be capable of describing properly the Spacetime Singularities. Unfortunately, the General Relativity, which constitutes the theoretical basis of the standard cosmological model, proves to be incapable of completing the task. Since the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems have been proved, a belief has strengthen that General Relativity is insufficient, and the standard cosmological model – incomplete of describing the origins of the Universe. Considering the situation, many physicists are searching for a theory, which would allow a correct description of Spacetime Singularities. Simultaneously, a new cosmological model being the proper description of the structure and the evolution of the Universe from the very beginning of its existence – the Big Bang to the present moment, is being searched. The new theory referred to as the Quantum Gravity will, according to the scholars, connect the two mutually incompatible formalisms of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. Moreover, the new model of the universe based on Quantum Gravity, would become a part of the broader concept of the Quantum Cosmology. The presentation of the Quantum Gravity Research Programme within which the various concepts related to the Quantum Gravity, such as the notion of Quantum Gravity, the Theory of Everything or Quantum Cosmology will be arranged, would complete the second chapter. One of the possible typologies associated with the way, that Quantum Gravity can relate to the concept of space-time will also be included in this chapter. The reason for that is the fact, that in a process of constructing the Quantum Gravity, a way of recognizing the concepts constituting the Quantum Gravity such as time and space-time is an important factor. The majority of scholars researching the Quantum Gravity, agrees to the fact that the space-time structure, being the basis for the description of the Universe in the standard cosmological model, should be replaced by another structure that would enable a description of the Initial Singularity. The differences between the proposals in this regard, include the question of whether the space-time and the time are to appear in the description of the structure of the Universe, e.g. at the higher levels of its organization, or in the later stages of its evolution, or whether they should disappear completely from the description of the Universe. The subject of the third chapter, entitled The Atemporality of the Universe in some cosmological models, will be the models mentioned, specifically the Hartle–Hawking State, Heller–Sasin’s Noncommutative Universe and Julian Barbour’s Platonia. In this chapter, a reconstruction of the models will be conducted, so that they would become useful for the purposes of the philosophical analysis in the latter chapter. The reconstruction itself will be preceded by the presentation and the analysis of the assumptions made by the authors of each model. Then, the specific features of the construction of each model will be presented. In the final section of the chapter the picture of the structure of the Universe as it is revealed in every model will be depicted with the indication to the components, of which the notion of time can be constructed. The last chapter will be focused on the issue of the ontological implications in the atemporal models of the Universe. Firstly, a reconstruction of a time constitutives will be conducted. The author introduces the term in order to describe such elements of the models postulating atemporality of the Universe at below the Planck scale indicated in the third chapter, that would allow for reconstitution of time at higher levels of the Universe’s structure. The analysis of these elements will be conducted further, being an attempt to determine their ontological status, as well as their relation to the notion of time itself. Besides, an attempt of reconstruction of the attendant ontologies (also known as the ontologies of the physical theories), which function besides the considered models of the Universe. Subsequently, an analysis of the relation between the time constitutives and attendant ontologies will be conducted. Simultaneously, the author will attempt to answer the question of whether, despite their overt atemporality, the presuposition of the real existence of time in the analyzed models of the Universe can be justified. Finally, the conclusion from the analyses mentioned will be presented in a broader context of the debate over the question of the metaphysics of time. A possible impact of the attendant ontologies of the analyzed models, and the ontologies widely associated with certain physical theories, on the image of time, will also be discussed. Additionally, an attempt will be made to locate the analyzed models of the Universe in the context of the ontological status of the time typologies suggested in the first chapter. All of the analyses, reconstruction and considerations intend to prove the research hypothesis saying that the temporal constitutives can be identified in the cosmological models explicitly postulating atemporality of the Universe. The recognition of the validity of the claim strengthens the position which treats time as really existing. On the other hand, the recognition of the atemporality of the Universe below the Planck scale, being identical with its fundamental structure level, can contribute to the weakening of the concept of realism both in relation to the time as to the entire Universe. The author of this book believes that with the consolidation of a new theory describing the initial stage of the Universe, the necessity of a profound change in the field of philosophy of time, the philosophy of natural science, and perhaps also in the entire philosophical discourse on the nature of the Universe will arise.
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Książka
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