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    Wyświetlanie 1-33 z 33
    Tytuł:
    Optimization of soft X-ray tomography on the COMPASS tokamak
    Autorzy:
    Imríšek, M.
    Mlynář, J.
    Löffelmann, V.
    Weinzettl, V.
    Odstrčil, T.
    Odstrčil, M.
    Tomeš, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146251.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    soft X-ray
    tomography
    Tikhonov regularization
    tokamak
    Opis:
    The COMPASS tokamak is equipped with the soft X-ray (SXR) diagnostic system based on silicon photodiode arrays shielded by a thin beryllium foil. The diagnostic is composed of two pinhole cameras having 35 channels each and one vertical pinhole camera with 20 channels, which was installed recently to improve tomographic inversions. Lines of sight of the SXR detectors cover almost complete poloidal cross section of the COMPASS vessel with a spatial resolution of 1–2 cm and temporal resolution of about 3 s. Local emissivity is reconstructed via Tikhonov regularization constrained by minimum Fisher information that provides reliable and robust solution despite limited number of projections and ill-conditionality of this task. Improved border conditions and numerical differentiation matrices suppressing artifacts in reconstructed radiation were implemented in the code. Furthermore, a fast algorithm eliminating iterative processes was developed, and it is foreseen to be tested in real-time plasma control.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 403-408
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development of a Soft X-ray Microprobe for Radiobiology Studies
    Autorzy:
    Appuhamilage, I.
    Adjei, D.
    Alatabi, S.
    Alnaimi, R.
    Michette, A.
    Pfauntsch, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1197646.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    41.50.+h
    07.85.Fv
    Opis:
    The King's College London (KCL) first X-ray microprobe (MKI) and the third generation microfocus X-ray sources (MKIII) are intended to be used for various applications including the study of physical and biological interactions at the atomic and molecular scales. The microfocus ultra-soft X-ray sources (MKI and MKIII) with interchangeable targets will provide a superior spatial resolution (a focal spot a few hundreds of nanometres in diameter can be achieved) and the control of the dose delivered to irradiated cells. This will require characterization of the spectra and intensities of the source, measurements of the focus intensities and spot sizes of suitable X-ray optics such as zone plates, grazing incidence microstructured optical arrays and multilayer mirrors.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 4; 882-885
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Second order reflection from crystals used in soft X-ray spectroscopy
    Autorzy:
    Książek, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146093.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    soft X-ray
    plasma spectroscopy
    PbSt
    KAP
    Opis:
    In this note the ratio of the second to the first order reflection is determined for the KAP and PbSt crystals, for wavelengths corresponding to the Al K-line emission. The source of the radiation was a low-voltage stabilized X-ray tube. The X-rays were detected with a Bragg spectrometer equipped with a proportional counter detector. The signal measured by the proportional counter was subsequently pulse height analyzed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 263-265
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Soft X-Ray Spectromicroscopy and its Application to Semiconductor Microstructure Characterization
    Autorzy:
    Gozzo, F.
    Franck, K.
    Howells, M. R.
    Hussain, Z.
    Warwick, A.
    Padmore, H. A.
    Triplett, B. B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963346.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1997-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.16.-d
    85.40.-e
    79.60.-i
    Opis:
    The universal trend towards device miniaturization has driven the semiconductor industry to develop sophisticated and complex instrumentation for the characterization of microstructures. Many significant problems of relevance to the semiconductor industry cannot be solved with conventional analysis techniques, but can be addressed with soft X-ray spectromicroscopy. An active spectromicroscopy program is being developed at the Advanced Light Source, attracting both the semiconductor industry and the materials science academic community. Examples of spectromicroscopy techniques are presented. An Advanced Light Source μ-XPS spectromicroscopy project is discussed, involving the first microscope completely dedicated and designed for microstructure analysis on patterned silicon wafers.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 1997, 91, 4; 697-705
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Limitations of thermoluminescent dosimeters in soft X-ray diagnostics of pulsed plasma
    Autorzy:
    Krása, J.
    Fárníková, M.
    Juha, L.
    Cejnarová, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147287.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dosimetry of photons
    thermoluminescent dosimeters
    X-ray plasma diagnostics
    Opis:
    Responses of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) of CaF2:Dy, CaF2:Mn, and LiF:Mg,Cu,P to the deposited energy of monochromatic 1.75–3.5 keV radiation were measured with respect to an increase in the local dose due to the attenuation length that was much shorter than the TLD thickness. The responses of TLDs to X-ray emission from the laserproduced aluminium plasma were found to be independent of the dose rate within a wide range.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 49-51
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biomedical application of soft X-ray microscopy with special reference to spectromicroscopy
    Autorzy:
    Ito, A.
    Inoue, T.
    Kado, M.
    Ohigashi, T.
    Tone, S.
    Shinohara, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    87.59.-e
    Opis:
    Soft X-ray microscopy has great advantages over other types of microscopy on the observation of hydrated specimens at high spatial resolution below 100 nm, and on the elemental and molecular mapping using absorption characteristics. These advantages are particularly suitable for biomedical applications. A possible problem associated with observation of specimens at high spatial resolution in a hydrated environment is described and a strategy to overcome the problem is presented. The latter part of the present report deals with spectromicroscopy to obtain molecular distribution in biological specimens. DNA and protein distributions in isolated nuclei are examined following to the progression of apoptosis at high resolution, and the oxidation product is visualized in human hair in relation to calcium content.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 2; 260-263
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Contact Microscopy using a Compact Laser Produced Plasma Soft X-Ray Source
    Autorzy:
    Ayele, M.
    Czwartos, J.
    Adjei, D.
    Wachulak, P.
    Ahad, I.
    Bartnik, A.
    Wegrzynski, Ł.
    Szczurek, M.
    Jarocki, R.
    Fiedorowicz, H.
    Lekka, M.
    Pogoda, K.
    Gostek, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398826.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    52.50.Jm
    68.37.Yz
    85.40.Hp
    Opis:
    Soft X-ray contact microscopy potentially allows imaging of wet living biological specimens at a spatial resolution higher than optical microscopy and without many of the constraints of scanning electron microscopy. In this paper, we present the development of a laboratory scale contact microscope that uses a laser produced plasma soft X-ray source. The source is based on a double-stream gas-puff target approach and it operates in the "water window" spectral range which enables to capture images of biological samples with a natural contrast. In the preliminary experiments the contact microscope system has been used for imaging of fixed and dried non-malignant HCV29 human bladder cell lines cultured on polymethyl methacrylate photoresists. The samples were exposed with 150 pulses of soft X-rays as an initial test to demonstrate the possibility of image formation. The soft X-ray contact images registered in the photoresists exhibit high resolution in the atomic force microscopy topography which indicates the potential application of soft X-ray contact microscopy in life science to examine small features as small as few tens of nm. The technique could also be used for living cell imaging with further optimization of the microscope system and development of a special specimen holder. The details of the soft X-ray contact microscopy technique and the experimental results are presented and discussed.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 2; 237-240
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent measurements of soft X-ray emission from the DPF-1000U facility
    Autorzy:
    Surała, W.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Paduch, M.
    Zielinska, E.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148171.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    X-ray emission
    X-ray images
    gas puffing
    filaments
    hot spots
    Opis:
    Soft X-ray imaging is a very useful diagnostic technique in plasma-focus (PF) experiments. This paper reports results of four experimental sessions which were carried out at the DPF-1000U plasma-focus facility in 2013 and 2014. Over 200 discharges were performed at various experimental conditions. Measurements were taken using two X-ray pinhole cameras with a line of sight perpendicular to the z-axis, at different azimuthal angles (about 20° and 200°), and looking towards the centre of the PF-pinch column. They were equipped with diaphragms 1000 μm or 200–300 μm in diameter and coated with filters of 500 μm Al foil and 10 μm Be foil, respectively. Data on the neutron emission were collected with silver activation counters. For time-resolved measurements the use was made of four PIN diodes equipped with various fi lters and oriented towards the centre of the PF-column, in the direction perpendicular to the electrode axis. The recorded X-ray images revealed that when the additional gas-puff system is activated during the discharge, the stability of the discharge is improved. The data collected in these experiments confi rmed the appearance of a filamentary fi ne structure in the PF discharges. In the past years the formation of such fi laments was observed in many Z-pinch type experiments. Some of the recorded X-ray images have also revealed the appearance of the so-called hot- -spots, i.e. small plasma regions of a very intense X-ray emission. Such a phenomenon was observed before in many PF experiments, e.g. in the MAJA-PF device, but it has not been investigated so far in a large facility such as the DPF-1000U. The time-resolved measurements provided the evidence of a time lapse between the X-ray emission from plasma regions located at different distance from the anode surface. The formation of distinct ‘hot-spots’ in different instants of the DPF-1000U discharge was also observed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 303-308
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studies of Solids and Adsorbates in Synchrotron Radiation Excited Soft X-Ray Fluorescence
    Autorzy:
    Nordgren, J.
    Wassdahl, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920879.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1992-08
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    78.70.En
    Opis:
    A progress report is presented on recent developments in soft X-ray emission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. Some key experiments are discussed demonstrating that new information can be gained by using synchrotron radiation for this purpose. Recent work on highly resolved soft X-ray emission from monolayers of adsorbed species is commented on and some perspectives are given regarding further developments expected from the third generation sources that are underway.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 1992, 82, 2; 251-262
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurements of fast electron beams and soft X-ray emission from plasma-focus experiments
    Autorzy:
    Surała, W.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Kwiatkowski, R.
    Jakubowski, L.
    Żebrowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147850.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron beams
    X-ray emission
    plasma focus
    hot spots
    Opis:
    The paper reports results of the recent experimental studies of pulsed electron beams and soft X-rays in plasma-focus (PF) experiments carried out within a modifi ed PF-360U facility at the NCBJ, Poland. Particular attention was focused on time-resolved measurements of the fast electron beams by means of two different magnetic analyzers, which could record electrons of energy ranging from about 41 keV to about 715 keV in several (6 or 8) measuring channels. For discharges performed with the pure deuterium fi lling, many strong electron signals were recorded in all the measuring channels. Those signals were well correlated with the fi rst hard X-ray pulse detected by an external scintillation neutron-counter. In some of the analyzer channels, electron spikes (lasting about dozens of nanoseconds) and appearing in different instants after the current peculiarity (so-called current dip) were also recorded. For several discharges, fast ion beams, which were emitted along the z-axis and recorded with nuclear track detectors, were also investigated. Those measurements confi rmed a multibeam character of the ion emission. The time-integrated soft X-ray images, which were taken side-on by means of a pinhole camera and sensitive X-ray fi lms, showed the appearance of some fi lamentary structures and so-called hot spots. The application of small amounts of admixtures of different heavy noble gases, i.e. of argon (4.8% volumetric), krypton (1.6% volumetric), or xenon (0.8% volumetric), decreased intensity of the recorded electron beams, but increased intensity of the soft X-ray emission and showed more distinct and numerous hot spots. The recorded electron spikes have been explained as signals produced by quasi-mono-energetic microbeams emitted from tiny sources (probably plasma diodes), which can be formed near the observed hot spots.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 161-167
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurement Capabilities Upgrade of GEM Soft X-ray Measurement System for Hot Plasma Diagnostics
    Autorzy:
    Linczuk, Pawel
    Wojenski, Andrzej
    Kolasinski, Piotr
    Krawczyk, Rafal
    Zabolotny, Wojciech
    Pozniak, Krzysztof
    Chernyshova, Maryna
    Czarski, Tomasz
    Gaska, Michal
    Kasprowicz, Grzegorz
    Malinowski, Karol
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844588.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    measurement system
    GEM
    DAQ
    Opis:
    The paper presents improvements of the developed system for hot plasma radiation measurement in the soft Xray range based on a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector. Scope of work consists of a new solution for handling hardware time-synchronization with tokamak systems needed for better synchronization with other diagnostics and measurement quality. The paper describes the support of new modes of triggering on PC-side. There are communication and data path overview in the system. The new API is described, which provide separate channels for data and control and is more robust than the earlier solution. Work concentrates on stability and usability improvements of the implemented device providing better usage for end-user.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 1; 115-120
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Soft X-ray Diagnostic System Upgrades and Data Quality Monitoring Features for Tokamak Usage
    Autorzy:
    Wojenski, Andrzej
    Linczuk, Paweł
    Piotr, Kolasinski
    Chernyshova, Maryna
    Mazon, Didier
    Kasprowicz, Grzegorz
    Pozniak, Krzysztof T.
    Gaska, Michał
    Czarski, Tomasz
    Krawczyk, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844595.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    data quality monitoring
    FPGA
    Verilog/VHDL
    HDL
    GEM detector
    SXR plasma diagnostics
    modular measurement system
    data evaluation
    tokamak
    Opis:
    The validation of the measurements quality after on-site diagnostic system installation is necessary in order to provide reliable data and output results. This topic is often neglected or not discussed in detail regarding measurement systems. In the paper recently installed system for soft X-ray measurements is described in introduction. The system is based on multichannel GEM detector and the data is collected and sent in special format to PC unit for further postprocessing. The unique feature of the system is the ability to compute final data based on raw data only. The raw data is selected upon algorithms by FPGA units. The FPGAs are connected to the analog frontend of the system and able to register all of the signals and collect the useful data. The interface used for data streaming is PCIe Gen2 x4 for each FPGA, therefore high throughput of the system is ensured. The paper then discusses the properties of the installation environment of the system and basic functionality mode. New features are described, both in theoretical and practical approach. New modes correspond to the data quality monitoring features implemented for the system, that provide extra information to the postprocessing stage and final algorithms. In the article is described also additional mode to perform hardware simulation of signals in a tokamak-like environment using FPGAs. The summary describes the implemented features of the data quality monitoring features and additional modes of the system.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 1; 109-114
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nanoimaging Using Soft X-Ray and EUV Sources Based on Double Stream Gas Puff Targets
    Autorzy:
    Wachulak, P.
    Torrisi, A.
    Ayele, M.
    Bartnik, A.
    Węgrzyński, Ł.
    Fok, T.
    Czwartos, J.
    Fiedorowicz, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030619.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    gas puff target
    Fresnel zone plates
    EUV/SXR microscopy
    contact microscopy
    imaging
    nanometer resolution
    Opis:
    In this work we present recent results on nanoscale imaging in the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray spectral ranges, describing three novel imaging systems dedicated for high spatial resolution imaging of nanoscale objects with the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiations. The extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray full field microscopes operate at 13.8 nm and 2.88 nm wavelengths and are capable of imaging of nanostructures with a sub-50 nm spatial resolution. A soft X-ray contact microscope operates in the "water-window" spectral range from 2.3 to 4.4 nm wavelength, to obtain images of an internal structure of the investigated object in a thin surface layer of soft X-ray light sensitive photoresist. The development of such compact imaging systems may, in the near future, be important from the point of view of new research related to biological, material science, and nanotechnology applications. Such preliminary applications are also shown in the studies of biological samples, including carcinoma cells, diatoms, and neurons.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2018, 133, 2; 271-276
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hard and Soft X-Ray Reflectivity Studies οf $(NiFe//Au//Co//Au)_{10}$ Magnetic Multilayers
    Autorzy:
    Szymański, B.
    Stobiecki, F.
    Weis, T.
    Engel, D.
    Urbaniak, M.
    Kuświk, P.
    Lengemann, D.
    Ehresmann, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810593.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.05.cm
    75.60.-d
    75.70.-i
    Opis:
    We report on hard and soft X-ray reflectivity investigations of $(Ni_{80}Fe_{20} (2.2 nm)//Au(2.3 nm)//Co(0.8 nm)//Au(2.3 nm))_{10}$ multilayers. Specular reflectivity curves were measured with Cu $K_{α}$ radiation and circularly polarized synchrotron radiation tuned to Co $L_{3}$ and Ni $L_{3}$ absorption edges. Structural properties of the multilayers were determined from the hard X-ray reflectivity curve. Comparison of reflectivity curves taken at different photon energies shows: (i) small difference in peak positions in dependence of reflectivity versus scattering vector q, (ii) different shapes of satellite Bragg peaks, (iii) different ranges of q for appearance of the Kiessig fringes. Analysis of soft X-ray reflectivity curves taken as a function of magnetic field allows to determine magnetic properties of Co and NiFe layer specifically.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 1; 366-368
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Conceptual design of Light Impurity Monitor for Wendelstein 7-X
    Autorzy:
    Książek, I.
    Burhenn, R.
    Musielok, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146640.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma spectroscopy
    stellarator
    soft X-ray
    Opis:
    As plasma impurity ions can significantly influence the properties of a fusion plasma by dilution and enhancement of the radiation losses, the process of monitoring of their concentrations is one of the most important tasks. A Light Impurity Monitor is needed for monitoring the contamination of the stellarator plasma by carbon, nitrogen, boron, and oxygen impurities, which are indicators for the overload of the plasma facing components, leakage of the vacuum vessel, or wall condition, respectively. Their concentration will be estimated on the basis of emission intensities of their hydrogen-like ions. In this paper a conceptual design of such a spectrometer is presented, including the description of the geometry, the acquisition system and safety systems.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 155-160
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Plasma characterization of the gas-puff target source dedicated for soft X-ray microscopy using SiC detectors
    Autorzy:
    Torrisi, A.
    Wachulak, P.
    Torrisi, L.
    Bartnik, A.
    Węgrzyński, Ł.
    Fiedorowicz, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147432.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    gas-puff target
    plasma diagnostic technique
    SiC detector
    ‘water-window’
    EUV
    Opis:
    An Nd:YAG pulsed laser was employed to irradiate a nitrogen gas-puff target. The interaction gives rise to the emission of soft X-ray (SXR) radiation in the ‘water window’ spectral range (λ = 2.3÷4.4 nm). This source was already successfully employed to perform the SXR microscopy. In this work, a Silicon Carbide (SiC) detector was used to characterize the nitrogen plasma emission in terms of gas-puff target parameters. The measurements show applicability of SiC detectors for SXR plasma characterization.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 139-143
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling of the soft X-ray tungsten spectra expected to be registered by GEM detection system for WEST
    Autorzy:
    Syrocki, Ł.
    Szymańska, E.
    Słabkowska, K.
    Polasik, M.
    Pestka, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971490.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    X-ray spectra
    tokamak
    tungsten L, M, N, X-ray lines
    GEM detection system
    Opis:
    In the future International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the interaction between the plasma and the tungsten chosen as the plasma-facing wall material imposes that the hot central plasma loses energy by X-ray emission from tungsten ions. On the other hand, the registered X-ray spectra provide alternative diagnostics of the plasma itself. Highly ionized tungsten emits extremely complex X-ray spectra that can be understood only after exhaustive theoretical studies. The detailed analyses will be useful for proper interpretation of soft X-ray plasma radiation expected to be registered on ITER-like machines, that is, Tungsten (W) Environment in Steady-state Tokamak (WEST). The simulations of the soft X-ray spectra structures for tungsten ions have been performed using the flexible atomic code (FAC) package within the framework of collisional-radiative (CR) model approach for electron temperatures and densities relevant to WEST tokamak.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 433-436
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Refined design of a new driver for fast capillary discharge
    Autorzy:
    Koláček, K.
    Boháček, V.
    Šunka, P.
    Řípa, M.
    Kravárik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148339.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    fast capillary discharge
    soft X-ray laser
    Opis:
    A new driver of the fast capillary discharge has been designed. It consists of the Marx generator and radial Blumline pulse forming line. Such a geometry enables axial access to both capillary ends (”transparent capillary”). This arrangement substantially simplifies the experiments (adjustment, monitoring, applications). The designed apparatus is capable of reaching the discharge current of the order of 120 kA and the discharge current rise time 2.9×1012 A/s, which is sufficient for the investigation of amplification in non-traditional electronic transitions.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 45-47
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Refined design of a new driver for fast capillary discharge
    Autorzy:
    Kolácek, K.
    Bohacek, V.
    Schmidt, J.
    Sunka, P.
    Ripa, M.
    Kravárik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147571.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    fast capillary discharge
    soft X-ray laser
    Opis:
    A new driver of the fast capillary discharge has been designed. It consists of the Marx generator and radial Blumline pulse forming line. Such a geometry enables axial access to both capillary ends ("transparent capillary"). This arrangement substantially simplifies the experiments (adjustment, monitoring, applications). The designed apparatus is capable of reaching the discharge current of the order of 120 kA and the discharge current rise time 2.9×1012 A/s, which is sufficient for the investigation of amplification in non-traditional electronic transitions.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 3; 117-120
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Soft X-Ray Diffraction up to Wavelengths of 6.0Å Becomes Feasible at ID1 of ESRF
    Autorzy:
    Carpentier, P.
    Boesecke, P.
    Bois, J.-M.
    Chesne, M.-L.
    Fanchon, E.
    Kahn, R.
    Stuhrmann, H.
    Vicat, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030554.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002-05
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.10.Nz
    Opis:
    Recent experiments carried out at the Anomalous Scattering Beamline ID1 of ESRF are described which show that a cold helium atmosphere provides optimal conditions for protein crystallography with soft X-rays at wavelengths up to 6Å. Image plates are suitable detectors for this wavelength range. The improvement with respect to earlier experiments is considerable. This observation opens the way to the use of anomalous dispersion at the K-edge of light elements, like phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine and calcium. Moreover, there is an interest to use the strong anomalous dispersion of some heavy elements such as uranium (110 anomalous electron units at its M_V edge) to solve large biological structures. The methods of multiwavelength anomalous diffraction and diffraction anomalous fine structure find new resonant labels which are wide spread in living matter and materials.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2002, 101, 5; 603-612
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wideband spectral emission measurements from laser-produced plasma EUV/SXR source based on a double gas puff target
    Autorzy:
    Arikkatt, Antony Jose
    Wachulak, Przemysław
    Fiedorowicz, Henryk
    Bartnik, Andrzej
    Czwartos, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1849155.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Plasma Spectroscopy
    X-ray coherence tomography
    soft X-ray
    Opis:
    We present spectral emission characteristics from laser-plasma EUV/SXR sources produced by irradiation of < 1 J energy laser pulse on eleven different double stream gas puff targets, with most intense electronic transitions identified in the spectral range from 1 nm to 70 nm wavelength which corresponds to photon energy from 18 eV to 1240 eV. The spectra were obtained using grazing incidence and transmission spectrographs from laser-produced plasma emission, formed by the interaction of a laser beam with a double stream gas puff target. Laser pulses with a duration of 4 ns and energy of 650 mJ were used for the experiment. We present the results obtained from three different spectrometers in the wavelength ranges of SXR (1-5.5 nm), SXR/EUV (4-15.5 nm), and EUV (10-70 nm). In this paper, detailed information about the source, gas targets under investigation, the experimental setup, spectral measurements and the results are presented and discussed. Such data may be useful for the identification of adequate spectral emissions from gasses in the EUV and SXR wavelength ranges dedicated to various experiments (i.e. broadband emission for the X-ray coherence tomography XCT) or may be used for verification of magnetohydrodynamic plasma codes.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2020, 27, 4; 701-719
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Advanced Real-time Evaluation and Data Quality Monitoring Model Integration with FPGAs for Tokamak High-performance Soft X-ray Diagnostic System
    Autorzy:
    Wojenski, A.
    Poźniak, K.
    Mazon, D.
    Chernyshova, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227260.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    data quality monitoring
    system modeling
    FPGA
    Verilog/VHDL
    HDL
    GEM detector
    SXR plasma diagnostics
    modular measurement system
    data evaluation
    Opis:
    Based on the publications regarding new or recent measurement systems for the tokamak plasma experiments, it can be found that the monitoring and quality validation of input signals for the computation stage is done in different, often simple, ways. In the paper is described the unique approach to implement the novel evaluation and data quality monitoring (EDQM) model for use in various measurement systems. The adaptation of the model is made for the GEM-based soft X-ray measurement system FPGA-based. The EDQM elements has been connected to the base firmware using PCI-E DMA real-time data streaming with minimal modification. As additional storage, on-board DDR3 memory has been used. Description of implemented elements is provided, along with designed data processing tools and advanced simulation environment based on Questa software.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 4; 473-479
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent progress in 1 MJ Plasma-Focus research
    Autorzy:
    Scholz, M.
    Karpiński, L.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147553.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    neutron emission
    plasma focus
    scaling laws
    soft X-ray radiation
    Opis:
    The paper reports on actual operational characteristics of the PF-1000 facility and it presents results of the first neutron experiments performed with a new set of large Mather-type electrodes, which were designed for shots up to 1000 kJ. Dynamics of a current-sheath was studied by means of two high-speed streak cameras and a two-frame camera. The last one was used for the side-on observation of the pinch column. The high-speed streak pictures were taken side-on behind slits oriented in the radial or axial direction. On the basis of the pictures taken behind the radial slit, average values of the radial compression and expansion velocities were estimated. Time-resolved X-ray signals were measured with PIN diodes covered by different filters, and they were compared with other traces (voltage waveforms, dI/dt signals, and neutron-induced pulses) in order to determine their correlation. The total neutron yield (Ytot), i.e. the number of neutrons produced during a single discharge and emitted in various directions, was measured by means of several silver-activation detectors placed at different angles around the PF-1000 experimental chamber.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 1; 35-39
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Elementy optyczne pracujące w widmowym zakresie obejmującym ultrafiolet próżniowy i miękkie promieniowanie rentgenowskie
    Optical elements for the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray range
    Autorzy:
    Wardzińska, Martyna
    Wachulak, Przemysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203159.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
    Tematy:
    automatyka
    elektronika i elektrotechnika
    optyka rentgenowska
    filtry optyczne
    zwierciadła wielowarstwowe
    siatki dyfrakcyjne
    płytki strefowe Fresnela
    ultrafiolet próżniowy
    miękkie promieniowanie rentgenowskie
    automation
    electronic and electrical engineering
    soft X-ray
    extreme ultraviolet
    optical elements
    optical filters
    multilayer mirrors
    diffraction gratings
    Fresnel zone plates
    Opis:
    W artykule zawarto podstawy fizyczne i przegląd elementów optycznych do pracy w zakresie obejmującym ultrafiolet próżniowy (eUV) oraz miękkie promieniowanie rentgenowskie (SXr). Pierwszy rozdział obejmuje wprowadzenie do analizowanej tematyki i podstawy fizyczne. W drugim rozdziale przedstawione zostały podstawy działania optyki związanej z zakresem eUV/SXr wraz z wyróżnieniem jej wad oraz zalet. W trzecim rozdziale szczegółowo omówiono elementy optyczne, takie jak: filtry optyczne, zwierciadła (m.in. wielowarstwowe), siatki dyfrakcyjne, płytki strefowe Fresnela oraz rozwiązania hybrydowe. rozdział czwarty przedstawia szeroki obszar zastosowań optyki eUV/SXr. W ostatnim rozdziale znajduje się podsumowanie przedstawionych wcześniej informacji.
    The article presents the physical basis and overview of optical elements for the range including extreme ultraviolet (eUV) and soft X-ray (SXr). The first chapter contains an introduction to the subject under review and physical fundamentals. The second chapter presents the basics of optics for the eUV/SXr range, along with highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. The third chapter discusses in detail optical components such as optical filters, mirrors (including multilayers), diffraction gratings, Fresnel zone plates, and hybrid solutions. The fourth chapter presents a wide range of applications of eUV/SXr optics. The final chapter summarises the information presented earlier.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2022, 71, 2; 49--83
    1234-5865
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of low-temperature plasmas formed in low-density gases surrounding laser-produced plasmas
    Autorzy:
    Majszyk, Mateusz
    Bartnik, Andrzej
    Skrzeczanowski, Wojciech
    Fok, Tomasz
    Węgrzyński, Łukasz
    Szczurek, Mirosław
    Fiedorowicz, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202566.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    extreme ultraviolet
    EUV
    laser plasma
    low pressure
    photoionization
    plasma
    soft X-ray
    SXR
    Opis:
    Low-temperature plasma production is possible as a result of photoionization using high-intensity extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray (SXR) pulses. Plasma of this type is also present in outer space, e.g., aurora borealis. It also occurs when high-velocity objects enter the atmosphere, during which period high temperatures can be produced locally by friction. Low-temperature plasma is also formed in an ambient gas surrounding the hot laser-produced plasma (LPP). In this work, a special system has been prepared for investigation of this type of plasma. The LPP was created inside a chamber fi lled with a gas under a low pressure, of the order of 1–50 mbar, by a laser pulse (3–9 J, 1–8 ns) focused onto a gas puff target. In such a case, the SXR/EUV radiation emitted from the LPP was partially absorbed in the low-density gas. In this case, high- and low-temperature plasmas (Te ~100 eV and ~1 eV, respectively) were created locally in the chamber. Investigation of the EUV-induced plasmas was performed mainly using spectral methods in ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) light. The measurements were performed using an echelle spectrometer, and additionally, spatial–temporal measurements were performed using an optical streak camera. Spectral analysis was supported by the PGOPHER numerical code.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2023, 68, 1; 11--17
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Multiboard trigger link synchronization and diagnostics
    Autorzy:
    Wojenski, A.
    Pozniak, K.
    Mazon, D.
    Chernyshova, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114174.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    data quality monitoring
    FPGA
    GEM detector
    soft X-ray plasma diagnostics
    trigger distribution
    measurement system
    Opis:
    Soft X-ray (SXR) plasma measurements are important type of diagnostics especially in tokamak facilities. Main output products are energy and topology spectra distributed in time. In case of Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors, used as radiation sensors, large number of analog readout channels must be provided. For this purpose Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are used. Data quality monitoring (DQM) is important topic in case of asynchronous events registered by the measurement unit. Due to numerous FPGAs used it is necessary to provide advanced trigger synchronization between them. In the paper is proposed an algorithmic approach for the trigger link training and diagnostics. It is a key component in order to provide consistent measurement data for DQM analysis. The contents of the article covers the plasma experiments and related DQM topics. In following chapters explanation of the synchronization problem is described. The proposed algorithm will be used for trigger link synchronization and diagnostics aspects. The simulations are also discussed. Currently, the proposed ideas are at the stage of implementation and tests on real hardware. Simulation were successfully performed. Summary of the work carried out is presented at the end of the paper.
    Źródło:
    Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2017, 63, 6; 223-225
    2450-2855
    Pojawia się w:
    Measurement Automation Monitoring
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    0.2-kJ and 2-kJ high rep rate Dense Plasma foci : their design, technology, and applications
    Autorzy:
    Dubrovsky, A. V.
    Gribkov, V. A.
    Ivanov, Y. P.
    Lee, P.
    Lee, S.
    Liu, M.
    Samarin, V. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146546.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    DPF installation
    miniature focus chamber
    soft and hard X-ray radiation
    Opis:
    The paper presents various designs of several medium and small size Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) chambers intended for numerous applications, a description of technologies used in these facilities, and some results reached with these devices by using a number of diagnostic techniques. In present experiments the DP foci have been used mainly as an X-ray source. We discuss here how it is possible to satisfy absolutely new and very strict demands on the construction and technology for the devices to be eventually applied in science and industry. Between these characteristics there are a high repetition rate (typically 1…15 Hz) and a long lifetime (over 1 million shots). Their switching elements, a collector and chambers must withstand a high quasi-continuous heat load (up to 100 kW). High energy density in the central part of the chamber anode and the necessity to provide a channel for radiation extraction demanded a special construction and specific materials implementation in this region. Their X-ray spectrum should be tuned. They have to operate with different working gases and preferably in a wide range of pressures. All these points are discussed in this report. Capabilities of the described techniques are illustrated by results of the recent experimental studies carried out with facilities located at the Nanyang Technological University (NX1) as well as at the Lebedev Physical Institute (PF-0.2).
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 107-111
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    X-ray diffraction studies of onshore mud volcanoes in parts of the Upper Benue Trough, northeastern Nigeria
    Autorzy:
    Musa, Ojochenemi K.
    Kurowska, Ewa E.
    Krzykawski, Tomasz
    Onimisi, Jimoh A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055852.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    mud volcano
    weathered rocks
    soft overburden
    mineral composition
    Opis:
    The mineralogical studies of clay from the onshore mud volcanoes discovered in parts of the Upper Benue Trough of Nigeria provide a clue about the geological formation from which the extruded mud originates. The study area is a part of the Cretaceous Upper Benue Trough filled with Early Cretaceous continental deposits and Late Cretaceous marine deposits, having a history of magmatism dating from the Albian to the Pleistocene. The study approach involves integrated inorganic geochemical analysis of the samples to reveal their composition and origin. The results of XRD analysis of the fresh clays from the mud volcano revealed the presence of quartz, kaolinite, and other clay minerals (illite-smectite), feldspars, and in a much lower quantities, other accessory minerals including muscovite, evaporites, calcite and dolomite, trona, barite, goethite. The saprolite samples are composed mainly of quartz, kaolinite, smectite-illite associations, and feldspars, traces of goethite, calcite, and evaporate minerals (sylvite, halite). The presence of calcite, dolomite, sylvite, and halite suggests the marine origin of the rocks, while trona mineral is a non-marine evaporate. The coexistence of these minerals in some of the analyzed samples suggests the deposition of sediments in a transitional environment of deposition. Traces of marine minerals are present in some of the samples but completely absent in others collected from another site. This suggests that the source rock formations from which the material originated are within the Upper Bima Sandstone interpreted as being deposited in a non-marine environment or the Yolde Formation, which is known as a transitional unit (transitional between the outcropping continental Upper Bima Sandstone and marine Pindiga Formation).
    Źródło:
    Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2021, 47, 4; 203--216
    2299-8004
    2353-0790
    Pojawia się w:
    Geology, Geophysics and Environment
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Structural Stability of Soft Magnetic Fe-Co-Zr-W-B Metallic Glasses Investigated by the in-situ X-ray Diffraction
    Autorzy:
    Michalik, S.
    Bednarcik, J.
    Pawlik, P.
    Matija, R.
    Sovak, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1366893.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.05.cp
    61.43.Dq
    Opis:
    The atomic structure of as-prepared $Fe_{61}Co_{(14-x)}Zr_{5}W_{x}B_{20}$ (x=1, 2 and 4) ribbon samples and their thermal stability were investigated by in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction experiments. It was observed that higher W concentration causes the tiny shift of the main peak of the reduced atomic pair distribution function to higher values of interatomic distances and increases the coefficient of volume thermal expansion. The crystallization process occurs in two steps and is qualitatively the same for all studied specimens. Firstly the $Fe_{23}B_{6}$ phase is created and later is transformed to other types of borides together with the creation of a Fe-based phase.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 1; 66-67
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Porównanie parametrów ekspozycji do zdjęcia klatki piersiowej dorosłych pacjentów przyjętych na oddział ratunkowy Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego w Krakowie z parametrami zawartymi w Procedurach Wzorcowych (Prawo atomowe – Dz.U. z 2014 r.)
    Comparison of exposure parameters to chest X-ray of adult patients admitted to the emergency department of the University Hospital in Cracow with the parameters contained in the Standard Protocols (Atomic Law in Official Journal of 2014)
    Autorzy:
    Mizgalska-Traczyk, Halina
    Borkowska, Eliza
    Malisz, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Indygo Zahir Media
    Tematy:
    radiologiczne procedury wzorcowe
    zdjęcia klatki piersiowej
    technika twardego promieniowania
    technika miękkiego promieniowania
    the reference radiological procedures
    chest X-ray
    hard radiation technique
    soft radiation technique
    Opis:
    Zdjęcie klatki piersiowej jest podstawowym zdjęciem w diagnostyce obrazowej, jednym z najczęściej wykonywanych, a niezbędnym u pacjentów przyjętych na szpitalny oddział ratunkowy. Wzorcowe procedury radiologiczne opublikowane w Dz. Urz. Ministra Zdrowia z 2014 poz. 85 zobowiązują personel medyczny do wykonywania przeglądowego badania rentgenowskiego klatki piersiowej zgodnie z przyjętymi standardami wykonawczymi, aby zminimalizować możliwe skutki niepożądane związane z promieniowaniem jonizującym. W ramach prowadzonego audytu wykazano, że 67% badań przeglądowych klatki piersiowej wykonano według standardu techniką twardego promieniowania w pozycji stojącej w rzucie PA, natomiast 33% wykonano miękką falą w pozycji AP na leżąco. W niniejszym opracowaniu autorzy proponują zmianę podejścia techników elektroradiologii do wyboru parametrów ekspozycji u pacjentów diagnozowanych w ciężkich stanach w szpitalnych oddziałach ratunkowych i zastosowanie do zdjęć klatki piersiowej u tych pacjentów techniki twardego promieniowania zgodnie z zaleceniami zawartymi we wzorcowych procedurach radiologicznych. Technikę obniżonego napięcia stosować przy wykonywaniu zdjęcia przyłóżkowego u pacjentów hospitalizowanych lub w sytuacjach, kiedy stosowanie twardego promieniowania z powodów technicznych w pracowni RTG jest niemożliwe.
    Chest X-ray is a basic diagnostic image, one of the most frequently performed on patients admitted to the hospital emergency department. The reference radiological procedures published by the Minister of Health in 2014 obliges medical personnel to perform a chest X-ray examination in accordance with the adopted executive standards in order to minimize possible adverse effects connected with ionizing radiation. An audit demonstrated that 67% of chest examinations were made according to the standard, using a hard radiation technique in the standing PA view, while 33% were performed in a soft radiation technique AP in a lying position. In this study the authors suggest to change the approach of X-ray technicians to the choice of exposure parameters in the case of patients with severe conditions in hospital emergency departments and use hard radiation techniques for chest images in the case of these patients in accordance with the recommendations in the reference radiological procedures. The technique of reduced voltage should be used during bedside examinations in the case of hospitalized patients or in situations where it is not possible to use hard radiation in an X-ray department for technical reasons.
    Źródło:
    Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny; 2019, 8, 5; 373-377
    2300-1410
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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