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Tytuł:
Mineral matter in municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Sniadecka, N.
Tonderski, A.
Hanel, A.
Wojda-Gburek, J.
Hupka, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
mineral matter
municipal waste
separation technologies
size distribution
Opis:
Municipal solid waste (MSW) contains mineral materials which are seldom considered as a potential resource. Currently, the waste management sector pays attention to recyclable parts, biodegradable material, waste-to-energy fraction, and residues after waste reuse and recycle. In contrast, this study focus as on the mineral matter in MSW. The aim was to analyze and discuss the sources of mineral matter in MSW, the impact which the minerals have on waste management technologies, and finally, the possibility to recycle the mineral matter. The contribution of inorganic matter in the MSW stream is significant (about 20 wt.%). In the years 2012–2015, the average content of mineral matter in mixed MSW in Poland ranged from 16 wt.% to 36 wt.%, and the content of organic in MSW ranged from 20 wt.% to 42 wt.%. Minerals in MSW have rather negative impact on waste management technologies and their final products, and can be sorted out from the MSW stream, either in the households or in a central sorting line. However, in central collection and separation systems it is difficult to obtain a mineral matter fraction in subsequent processing steps due to technological limitations (inefficiency of devices), high degree of waste fragmentation and pollution of mineral matter with other waste. This indicates a hampered ability to separate minerals in a form available for reuse, so an effective system should be based on improved segregation at the source.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2016, 52, 2; 973-990
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrothermal Carbonization Kinetics of Lignocellulosic Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Putra, Herlian Eriska
Djaenudin, Djaenudin
Damanhuri, Enri
Dewi, Kania
Pasek, Ari Darmawan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
activation energy
hydrothermal carbonization
lignocellulose
MSW
municipal solid waste
Opis:
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is known as a thermochemical converting of wet biomass into a coal-like solid fuel (hydrochar). Hydrochar is easily crumbled. Because of hydrophobic properties, hydrochar is difficult to degrade by microorganisms. It has a calorific value comparable to lignite coal. In this study, hydrochar was made via converting the organic fraction of municipal solid waste through HTC at 190, 210, and 230°C for 30 min with feed to water ratio (FWR) 0.1, 0.2, 0.3. The feedstock processed includes food waste, paper, and wood waste, represented as a pseudo-component of the organic fraction of MSW. The high heating value (HHV), FTIR, as well as proximate and ultimate analyses were applied both to feedstock and hydrochar. The results showed that the energy density of hydrochar was elevated with increasing HTC temperature. The energy densification ratio and heating value increased by approximately 1.0–1.32 and 30%, respectively compared to raw feedstock. The lower yields of hydrochar were obtained at higher temperature. The typical char yields for lignocellulosic material range between 62–63 wt% at 190 °C and reduce to 54–57 wt% at 230 °C. Furthermore, a preliminary study of kinetic model for lignocellulose decomposition was conducted. This model was based on the mass loss rate of the lignocellulose compound in HTC of MSW. Three first-order reactions were given to illustrate the hydrochar yield at of 190, 210, and 230°C. The activation energy of lignocellulose decomposition was 76.26 kJ/mol, 51.86 kJ/mol, 12,23 kJ/mol for lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose decomposition, respectively.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 3; 188-198
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concepts of energy use of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Primus, Arkadiusz
Chmielniak, Tadeusz
Rosik-Dulewska, Czesława
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
hydrogen
fuel cells
cogeneration
waste gasification
Opis:
The introduction highlights the technologies of converting the chemical energy of biomass and municipal waste into various forms of final energy (electricity, heat, cooling, new fuels) as important in the pursuit of a low- -carbon economy, especially for energy and transport sector. The work continues to focus mainly on gasification as a process of energy valorization of the initial form of biomass or waste, which does not imply that other methods of biomass energy use are not considered or used. Furthermore, the article presents a general technological flowchart of gasification with a gas purification process developed by Investeko S.A. in the framework of Lifecogeneration.pl. In addition, selected properties of the municipal waste residual fraction are described, which are of key importance when selecting the technology for its energy recovery. Significant quality parameters were identified, which have a significant impact on the production and quality of syngas, hydrogen production and electricity generation capacity in SOFC cells. On the basis of the research on the waste stream, a preliminary qualitative assessment was made in the context of the possibility of using the waste gasification technology, syngas production with a significant share of hydrogen and in combination with the technology of energy production in oxide-ceramic SOFC cells. The article presents configurations of energy systems with a fuel cell, with particular emphasis on oxide fuel cells and their integration with waste gasification process. An important part of the content of the article is also the environmental protection requirements for the proposed solution.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2021, 47, 2; 70-80
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill for Baghdad City
Autorzy:
Takrid, Munaem Nafae
Haydar, Ahmed Al-Najar
Nabeel, Hashim Ameen Al-Tameemi
Huda, Nassar Karkoush
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Municipal solid waste generation rate
landfill
Opis:
Accumulation of municipal solid waste in residential areas is one of the public health problems in Iraq. In the other hand, accurate and reliable information on solid waste generation rate are very important elements to plan and implement solid waste management system. The volume and surface area required for a landfill to dispose the municipal solid wastes generated in Baghdad city is evaluated in this study. The per capita solid wastes generation rates are measured for a family consists of 10 individuals by using portable balance (Salter, 0 to 130 kg). Probability sampling is used to determine the minimum number of measurements needed to evaluate the mean of per capita solid wastes generation rate with a certain level of precision (a specified error level of 5% is selected corresponds to 95% confidence that the mean value is in accurate estimate of the true value). The results indicate that an area of approximately 1603 m on a side is required for the next 20 years as a sanitary landfill for disposing the municipal solid wastes generated in Baghdad city.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 90; 1-10
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected properties of alternative fuel manufactured from municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/62040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
alternative fuel
fuel
municipal solid waste
fuel property
Opis:
Successive closing down of filled-up large municipal landfill sites or those which no longer fulfil the legal regulations, compel local governments and enterprises dealing with waste disposal, to undertake activities aimed at designing and construction of new waste management plants. One of these is a municipal solid waste sorting plant where the waste stream is divided into sub-screen and screen fraction. The screen fraction after removing ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass and other impurities and crushing to an appropriate particle size constitutes an alternative fuel. The most frequently alternative fuel is manufactured from selectively collected plastics, rubber, textiles and waste paper. Alternative fuel is also manufactured from municipal solid waste in mechanical waste treatment plants. Municipal solid waste is characterized by a non-uniform morphological composition (depending on many factors), which may result in variable parameters of the manufactured fuel. If the waste fuel manufactured in this way and supplied to cement plants does not reach certain quality standards, its price is low, or the product is not accepted for energy recovery. The work presents results of analyses of selected properties of alternative fuels generated from solid municipal waste stream with regard to the type of communes from which the waste originated (urban commune area or rural communes). Statistical analysis was conducted using Bayesian Networks. As it results from the investigations, alternative fuel manufactured from municipal solid waste is characterized by high values of variation coefficient for such parameters as: ash content, moisture and calorific value. The content of carbon, sulphur and incineration heat revealed low values of variance coefficient. The analyses have demonstrated that technological values of alternative fuel do not depend on the administrative type of the communes where the waste used for their production was collected.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2013, 2/IV
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of municipal solid waste systems: Cracow case study
Autorzy:
Stypka, T.
Flaga-Maryańczyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
stałe odpady komunalne
gospodarka odpadami
modelowanie komputerowe
municipal solid waste
waste management
computer modelling
Opis:
The evaluation method to compare municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems has been presented. The results of the integrated waste management model (IWM-1), were used as the input data for the analysis. The results were integrated into life cycle analysis LCA impact categories. The authors present possible to calculate categories, and calculate them for the two MSWM scenarios. Next, the system performance was compared using a multicriteria method, called analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The hierarchical preference analysis on the World Wide Web software Web HIPRE) was applied to conduct the analysis. The criteria ratios for the AHP were assumed arbitrarily based on the best knowledge of the authors. Finally, the presented sensitivity analysis showed the confidence of the obtained results and pointed out the most important assumptions of the whole analysis. The two Cracow MSWM systems were used as a case study.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2013, 39, 4; 135-153
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of municipal solid waste on bacteria population in soil
Autorzy:
Okpoitari, S.P.
Binaebi, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10871.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
bacteria population
soil
variance analysis
heterotrophic bacteria
Nitrobacter
Opis:
The effect of municipal solid waste on bacteria (Heterotrophic bacteria & Nitrobacteria) population was determine by collecting 50g sample’s of various dumpsites, put in 2 kg buckets soil and kept in the green house to mimic the natural environment for six (6) weeks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (L.S.D) were effected on the data at 5 % probability level. The analysis shows significant effect, this seem to suggest that municipal solid waste influences Heterotrophic bacteria and Nitrobacter population in soils.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2013, 01
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Emission Potential from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Jordan
Autorzy:
Aljaradin, M.
Persson, K. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
landfill emissions
climate change
green energy
Jordan
Opis:
A comprehensive study was conducted to monitor the emission potential from solid waste landfilled in Jordan over a period of 292 days using an anaerobic lysimeter. A 30 kg waste sample reflecting the typical municipal solid waste (MSW) streams generated in Jordan was used to simulate the influence of climate on the emission potential of landfills located in semi-arid areas. The experimental results demonstrated that a significant amount of leachate and landfill gas was produced. The methane content was found to be more than 45% and the leachate produced reached 15.7 l after 200 days. However, after 260 days the gas and leachate production rate became negligible. A significant amount of heavy metal traces was found in the leachate due to mixed waste disposal. Changes in biogas and leachate quality parameters in the lysimeter revealed typical landfill behaviour trends, the only difference being that they developed much more quickly. In view of current landfill practices in Jordan and the effect of climate change, the results suggest that landfill design and operational modes need to be adjusted in order to achieve sustainability. For this reason, optimized design parameters and operational scenarios for sustainable landfill based on the country’s climatic conditions and financial as well as technical potential are recommended as a primary reference for future landfills in Jordan as well as in similar regions and climates.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 1; 38-48
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ranking criteria for assessment of municipal solid waste dumping sites
Autorzy:
Mahmood, K.
Batool, S. A.
Chaudhary, M. N.
Ul-Haq, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
MSW dumping facility
hazard assessment
ranking criteria
geographic information system (GIS)
remote
sensing
Opis:
Priority wise channelization of resources is the key to successful environmental management, especially when funds are limited. The study in hand has successfully developed an algorithmic criterion to compare hazardous effects of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) dumping sites quantitatively. It is a Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) that has made use of the scaling function to normalize the data values, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for assigning weights to input parameters showing their relevant importance, and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) for aggregating the normalized scores. Input parameters have been divided into three classes namely Resident’s Concerns, Groundwater Vulnerability and Surface Facilities. Remote Sensing data and GIS analysis were used to prepare most of the input data. To elaborate the idea, four dumpsites have been chosen as case study, namely Old-FSD, New-FSD, Saggian and Mahmood Booti. The comparison has been made first at class levels and then class scores have been aggregated into environmental normalized index for environmental impact ranking. The hierarchy of goodness found for the selected sites is New-FSD > Old-FSD > Mahmood Booti > Saggian with comparative scores of goodness to environment as 36.67, 28.43, 21.26 and 13.63 respectively. Flexibility of proposed model to adjust any number of classes and parameters in one class will be very helpful for developing world where availability of data is the biggest hurdle in research based environmental sustainability planning. The model can be run even without purchasing satellite data and GIS software, with little inaccuracy, using imagery and measurement tools provided by Google Earth.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2017, 43, 1; 95-105
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Paper Components Effect on Hydraulic Characteristics of Biodegradable Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Hadinata, Febrian
Susanti, Betty
Soraya, Muthia
Silaban, Aprina Sriwita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838270.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biodegradable
density
MSW
municipal solid waste
paper
permeability
Opis:
Indonesian municipal solid waste (MSW) is dominated by biodegradable MSW (organic and paper). Due to the degradation process, the physical and hydraulic characteristics of these components can change. It is important to study the physical and hydraulic characteristics of MSW, because landslides occurred in several landfills in Indonesia after heavy rains. Field observations showed that landslides occur due to reduced paper components in the landfill (due to high recycling activities), and cause high percolation of water into the landfill. In the research, 38 samples consisting of two variants of MSW samples (organic and 80% organic + 20% paper), were prepared under the conditions of optimum moisture content. The organic sample of MSW is leaf, while the paper sample of MSW is newspaper, which were shredded to a diameter of about 1 cm. The tests of moisture content, bulk density (in the mould of permeameter), particle size distribution, and permeability were carried out on both sample variants for 90 days, with a test frequency of once in 5 days. The results showed that there was an increase in the moisture content and density, and a decrease in particle size and permeability in both variants of MSW sample. Organic MSW + paper has lower permeability and higher density than organic MSW. This requires further study, because a high paper recycling ratio can lead to a change in the landfill characteristics.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 272-278
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geoinformational Analytic Control System of the Collection of Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Tevyashev, A.
Matviienko, O.
Shiyan, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410779.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
optimization of routes
subsystem of monitoring
energy saving
refuse collection vehicle
Opis:
One of the effective approaches to solve the problem of optimal control of the collection of municipal solid waste in cities and towns on the basis of geoinformational analytic system is studied in the present work. Its structure is shown in the form of three interconnected subsystems: geoinformational system, analytic system, subsystem of monitoring of the refuse collection vehicles. The main attention is focused on the analytic subsystem. The mathematical formulation of the problem of effective planning of the traffic routes of the refuse collection vehicles and efficient algorithm to solve it are set here. The control of implementation of the planned routes is carried out by the subsystem of monitoring of the refuse collection vehicles using GPS-navigation.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2014, 3, 3; 77-87
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermoeconomic Analysis and Assessment of Gaziantep Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant
Autorzy:
Tozlu, A.
Abuşoğlu, A.
Özahi, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
thermoeconomy
solid waste
waste-to-energy
Opis:
This paper presents a thermoeconomic analysis and assessment of a municipal solid waste power plant system in Gaziantep. The operation of an existing municipal solid waste power plant is described in detail and a thermoeconomical methodology based on exergoeconomic relations and specific exergy costing (SPECO) method is provided to allocate cost flows through subcomponents of the plant. SPECO method is based on a step by step procedure which begins from identification of energy and exergy values of all states defined in the present system through fuel (F) and product (P) approach and ends at the point of establishing related exergy based cost balance equations together with auxiliary equations. The actual exergy efficiency of the solid waste power plant is determined to be 47.84% which shows that 52.16% of the total exergy input to the plant is destroyed. The net electrical power output of the Gaziantep municipal solid waste power plant is 5.655 MW. The total cost rate of the power plant is evaluated as 18.44$/h as a result of thermoeconomic analyses.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 513-517
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Closure of municipal solid waste dumps. Site rating for odor impact
Autorzy:
Kumar, A.
Datta, M.
Nema, A. K.
Singh, R. K.
Gurjar, B. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208306.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
population statistics
waste dumps
odour nuisance
statystyki ludności
składowiska odpadów
uciążliwość zapachowa
Opis:
More than 60% of the waste dumps in India are within 500 m from the communities. The odor impact from these sites may be the sole criterion to prioritize these sites for closure/remediation. The existing rating systems do not consider odor impact in their assessment. A new system, proposed in the study, employs seven parameters derived from the literature review and selects their ratings based on data obtained from a survey of waste dumps in Indian cities having population more than one million and expert judgment. Application of the new system to the waste sites with continuously varying characteristics shows that the scores are spread over the full range of 0–1000 and have minimum clustering. The sensitivity analysis of the new system shows that the system exhibits medium to high sensitivity to five out of seven parameters employed in the system. The odor impact ratings for the fifteen waste dumps from the new system prioritize these dumps into three categories for remedial action and help suggesting a particular cover alternative for these dumps.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 2; 37-56
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill on Environment – a Case Study
Autorzy:
Vaverková, M. D.
Adamcová, D.
Zloch, J.
Radziemska, M.
Boas Berg, A.
Voběrková, S.
Maxianová, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
landfill influence
waste disposal site
contamination
phytotoxicity
landfill leachate
Opis:
Landfill is the oldest and the most common form of removal and disposal of waste, constituting the final disposal method of municipal solid waste (MSW). It is well known that the impact of MSW landfills can cause pollution of all environmental components. The negative environmental impact of landfills can be reduced by applying protection technologies and appropriate solid waste management technologies. The present study undertook monitoring of the Štěpánovice MSW landfill influence on the environment. The spatial characteristics of the area influenced by the landfill and the possible impact of leachate using phytotoxicity tests were carried out. The landfill itself is engineered, with bottom liner and leachate and landfill gas collection and treatment system. The landfill has not had any direct and significant influence on the surrounding environment and water quality so far.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 4; 55-68
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bio-methanization of organic fraction from municipal solid waste: temperature effects
Autorzy:
Fernández-Rodríguez, J.
Pérez, M.
Romero, L. I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779264.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
anaerobic digestion
OFMSW
mesophilic
thermophilic
methane
Opis:
The main objective of this study was to analyse the development of dry anaerobic digestion process of OFMSW in batch reactors under two temperature ranges, thermophilic (55°C) and mesophilic (35°C). The experimental results lead to the conclusion that the thermophilic range has a greater rate of hydrolysis and is therefore more effective to degrade wastes, shortening the overall operating time. For example, the hydrolytic step in the thermophilic (T) process lasted an average of 8 days versus 14 days in the mesophilic (M) range. The methanogenic phase lasted for 18 and 29 days in the T and M processes, respectively. The mesophilic range showed higher removal of the organic effluent but with greater uptime requirements. Moreover, the thermophilic range showed greater productivities than the mesophilic range, and the productivities were approximately doubled in terms of the produced biogas from a given amount of consumed organic matter.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2013, 15, 2; 99-106
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Produkcja biogazu z odpadów komunalnych
Biogas production from municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Czekala, W.
Szewczyk, P.
Kwiatkowska, A.
Kozlowski, K.
Janczak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/883065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
produkcja biopaliw
produkcja biogazu
odpady komunalne
fermentacja metanowa
Źródło:
Technika Rolnicza Ogrodnicza Leśna; 2016, 5
1732-1719
2719-4221
Pojawia się w:
Technika Rolnicza Ogrodnicza Leśna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A MILP Model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem
Autorzy:
Korcyl, Antoni
Książek, Roger
Gdowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
municipal solid waste collection system
solid waste segregated collection
MILP
rich VRP
Solid Waste Management
Opis:
Nowadays, selective solid waste management in the European Union belongs to important responsibilities of municipalities. In Solid Waste Management (SWM) the main operational task is to set a schedule for solid waste collection and to find optimal routes for garbage trucks, so that the total costs of the solid waste collection service can be minimized, subject to a series of constraints which not only guarantee the fulfillment of the SWM’s obligations but also ensure the desirable quality level of that service. The optimization in garbage truck routing belongs to so called rich Vehicle Routing Problems as it aims to cover the following constraints: pickup nodes (clients) must be visited during their predefined time windows; the number and capacity of depots and specialized sorting units cannot be exceeded; each garbage truck can be assigned to at most one depot; each route should be dedicated to collecting one type of segregated solid waste, and the route must be served by a garbage truck which can collect that type of solid waste; the availability of garbage trucks and their drivers must be respected; each garbage truck must be drained at a specialized sorting unit before going back to the depot. This paper contributes a newly developed Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem (MSWSCRP) with time windows, limited heterogeneous fleet, and different types of segregated solid waste to be collected separately. Results obtained for solving small-sized instance of the MSWSCRP are reported.
Źródło:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services; 2019, 13, 1-2; 17-35
1896-8325
2300-7087
Pojawia się w:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration. Basic parameters and ecotoxicological properties
Autorzy:
Fialová, Jarmila
Hybská, Helena
Mitterpach, Jozef
Samešová, Dagmar
Kovalíček, Jozef
Surový, Juraj
Martauz, Peter
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207927.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
municipal waste
ecotoxicity
bottom ash
combustion
odpady komunalne
ekotoksyczność
popiół denny
spalanie
Opis:
The bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration is the most important by-product, in terms of energy recovery from municipal solid waste. Safe treatment and reuse of this bottom ash in construction materials is one of the ways of its effective use. The specific use precedes the study of the properties of the bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration. In this study, samples of bottom ash were examined via sieve analysis, basic chemical parameters, ecotoxicological property analysis and determination of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn). The sieve analyses of samples showed different contents of individual fractions. Ecotoxicological tests for acute toxicity on Daphnia magna in the raw aqueous extract showed positive results mortality of all individuals after 24 hours. The toxic effect of bottom ash was confirmed by the content of heavy metals.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2019, 45, 3; 113-126
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of setting locations for municipal solid waste collection points in protected areas
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Religa, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
municipal solid waste collection point
GIS
AHP
Opis:
According to the amendment to the Act on maintaining cleanliness and order in communes, a stationary a municipal solid waste collection point (MSWCP) must be established in each Polish commune or commune union and situated close to the commune center. This point (MSWCP) should exist in the commune (or commune union), which are covered in 100% by protected zone. These objects are a new element in managing of the stream of municipal solid waste in Poland, known in the European countries as “household waste recycling centers” (HWRC). The aim of the work was developing the procedure with the use of tools enabling setting potential locations for MSWCPs in protected areas. The developed method was applied (for verification of the assumptions) in the process of seeking optimal locations for MSWCPs in the communes located in the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚNP) protection zone. The paper presents the methodology for setting locations for municipal solid waste collection points. A method was developed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS). It was possible to designate between 98 and 191 potential locations of MSWCPs in the communes situated in the ŚNP protection zone. The assumed criterion of maximum distance from the commune center eliminated 85% of locations. Optimal locations for MSWCPs in each commune were determined using AHP method. The main results of this research was to establish of MSWCP location for every commune in analyzed protected zone, based on the proposed methodology. The method presented in the paper may be a tool for the environment impact assessment of these investments.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/3; 1603-1614
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental Studies on Hydrothermal Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste for Solid Fuel Production
Autorzy:
Djaenudin, -
Permana, Dani
Ependi, Mahyar
Putra, Herlian Eriska
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
holding time
hydrochar
hydrothermal treatment
municipal solid waste
feed to water ratio
Opis:
Using the Hydrothermal process to reduce the volume of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) which is mostly organic component and to utilize the solid powder resulted as coal-like solid fuel will contribute not only to solving the MSW problem but also reducing the coal consumption in the power plant. In this study, the hydrothermal processes were conducted using a laboratory scale apparatus with MSW components as the samples. The process parameters comprised temperature, solid load, and holding time. Four components were used as representative of organics and plastics in the municipal solid waste. In this study, the experiments were done performed at various temperatures, 180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C inside an experimental autoclave. The results of the experiments show that the process time, the water amount and the temperature which are used in hydrothermal process, affect the proximate and ultimate compositions. The moisture and fixed carbon content decrease and the volatile matter increases, so that the calorific value of MSW increases. On the basis of the experiments, the optimum hydrothermal process parameters are feed to water ratio of 1/1 (250 g/250 ml), temperature of 180 °C, and holding time of 90 min. It also can be concluded that the hydrothermal process can be applied to MSW to produce solid fuel.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 9; 208-215
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fractions of Zinc, Chromium and Cobalt in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash
Autorzy:
Łukowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068456.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
MSWI bottom ash
municipal solid waste incineration
BCR method
heavy metal
metal fraction
Opis:
In the fresh samples of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash, the fractional composition of Zn, Cr and Co was investigated. The BCR method was utilised to evaluate the acid soluble and exchangeable fraction (F1), reducible fraction (F2), oxidizable fraction (F3) and residual fraction (F4). Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, dry mass, and pseudo-total metal content were also determined. The percentage of zinc in fractions was in the following order: F3 (31.8%) > F1 (30.6%) > F2 (27.8%) > F4 (9.8%), for chromium F4 (88.7%) > F3 (5.4%) > F1 (3.2%) > F2 (2.7%), and in the case of cobalt F4 (59.8%) > F1 (14.3%) > F2 (13.6%) > F3 (12.3%). Mobile metal pool (F1–F3) gathered the most of zinc (90.2%) and the least of chromium (11.3%).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 3; 12--16
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Municipal solid waste generation, composition and management: Issues and challenges. A case study
Autorzy:
Ahsan, A.
Alamgir, M.
Imteaz, M.
Shams, S.
Rowshon, M. K.
Aziz, M. G.
Idrus, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208304.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
solid wastes
waste management
medical waste management
stałe odpady komunalne
odpady stałe
gospodarowanie odpadami
zagospodarowanie odpadów medycznych
Opis:
Khulna is the third largest metropolitan city in Bangladesh and a centre with intensive commercial and industrial activities. Rapid urbanization and increased migration of people from rural and coastal areas has put tremendous pressure on its existing solid waste management. The status of the existing municipal solid waste (MSW) management tiers such as generation, source storage, collection, on-site storage, transportation, and open dumping has been identified in this study. The daily generation of MSW is estimated as 520 Mg, of which food and vegetable wastes are the main components (79% on average). The major source of generated MSW is residential areas, which is 85.87% of total generation, whereas 11.60% in commercial areas, 1.02% in institutional areas, 0.55% in street sweeps and 0.96% in other areas. About 50% of total generated waste is disposed daily to the dumping site and the rest remains uncollected and unmanaged. Non-governmental organizations and community based organizations play an important role in primary collection, composting of organic wastes and medical waste management.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2015, 41, 3; 43-59
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of municipal solid waste on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.)
Autorzy:
Simeon, P.O.
Ambah, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
plant growth
maize
Zea mays
pot experiment
greenhouse
growth parameter
plant height
leaf area
statistical analysis
Opis:
A pot experiment was conducted in the green house to determine the effect of municipal solid waste on the growth of maize (zea mays). Growth parameters of percentage emergence, plant height, leaf area and number of levers per plant were collect and subjected into statistical analysis, using ANOVA and fisher’s L.S.D. at 5 % probability level. Plant growth parameters decreased with increase in cropping cycle. Similarly, maize grown on dumpsite soils did better than the control soil samples. It show increase in plant height, leaf area and number of leaves per plant at a range of 16.82 cm to 12.87 cm, 5 to 4 and 64.69 cm to 59.88 cm for the dumpsite and control samples respectively. Soil PH, organic matter (OM), total Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na) and Effective Cat-ion Exchange Capacity (ECEC) decreased with increase in cropping cycle respectively. The Dumpsite soil sample recorded higher mean values than the control (P < 0.05). There is every indication that municipal solid waste is beneficial to plant if only proper and careful sorting and separation of hazardous waste is done.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2013, 02
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does Composting of Biodegradable Municipal Solid Waste on the Landfill Body Make Sense?
Autorzy:
Adamcová, D.
Vaverková, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
waste
household waste recycling
phytotoxicity
Sinapis alba
landfill reclamation
Opis:
In this study white mustard (Sinapis alba) plants were allowed to grow in earthen pots, treated with municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) to study the effect of MSWC on the plant biomass production. Twenty-one days from the establishment of the experiment sprouts and the number of growing plants occurring in the earthen pots were counted. Plants growing in the earthen pots with the compost samples exhibited an increasing plant biomass while no changes were observed in their appearance; retarded growth or necrotic changes were not recorded. The performed phytotoxicity tests show that the analyzed composts produced in the composting plant situated on the landfill surface achieved high percentages of the germinating capacity of white mustard (Sinapis alba) seeds and can be therefore used in the subsequent reclamation of the concerned landfill.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 1; 30-37
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental services in municipal solid waste management – the case study of waste incineration
Autorzy:
Famielec, J.
Famielec, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96440.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
środowisko naturalne
usługi ekologiczne
odpady komunalne stałe
spalanie
natural environment
environmental services
municipal solid waste
incineration
Opis:
This paper presents the interactions between municipal solid waste management processes (such as waste incineration) and influences of environment in aspects of the atmosphere, water and space. These environmental components provide people with benefits, which are referred to as “environmental services”. In the paper authors attempt to identify environmental services in a process of waste incineration and to describe an approach to services’ potential valuation.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2017, 1; 28-36
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enhancing awareness and participation of municipal solid waste management in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Autorzy:
Nabegu, Aliyu Baba
Mustapha, Adamu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Stakeholders; communities; local authorities; environment; donor agencies
Opis:
This paper examines the current management of municipal solid waste in Kano metropolis and highlights the problems that impede efficient management. Focus group discussion was employed to ascertain people’s perception of the existing municipal solid waste management services, expectations, and the extent to which residents are willing to support and participate in the process. The results of the study indicated many issues combined to impede efficient management such as the negative externalities namely: the service is free; the incoherent association of poor management of municipal solid waste with diseases occurrences; religious and cultural beliefs; a pervasive lack of trust of all government institution and initiatives related to municipal waste management services. The results also revealed that although public awareness and participation has been shown to be critical in the success of municipal solid waste management endeavour all over the world, it is absent in Kano metropolis. The study recommends use of focus group disussion and other similar mechanisms such as town meetings to create awareness as a means to enunciate citizens charter that will enhance public support and participation in municipal solid waste management in Kano metropolis.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2014, 5; 21-28
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fractionation of Cadmium, Lead and Copper in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash
Autorzy:
Łukowski, Adam
Olejniczak, Joanna Irena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
heavy metals
BCR method
metal fraction
MSWI bottom ash
Opis:
The basic physicochemical properties such as: dry mass, pH, pseudo-total content of cadmium, lead and copper, were determined in the fresh bottom ash samples from a municipal waste incineration plant. In order to study fractional composition of the investigated heavy metals, the BCR method was used (F1 – acid soluble and exchangeable fraction, F2 – reducible fraction, F3 – oxidizable fraction, F4 – residual fraction). The average percentage of cadmium in particular fractions was as follows: F1 (37.5%) > F4 (27.2%) > F2 (25.3%) > F3 (10.0%), for lead: F4 (36.5%) > F2(27.2%) > F3(23.4%) > F1(12.9%), and in the case of copper F4(66.3%) > F3(22.1%) > F2(7.4%) > F1(4.2%). Among the studied metals, in mobile pool (F1-F3) the highest amount of cadmium was noted (72.8%); for lead it was 63.5%, and for copper 33.7% of the pseudo-total content.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 3; 112-116
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania biosuszenia odpadów komunalnych
Investigations of bio-drying process of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Dębicka, M.
Żygadło, M.
Latosińska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/126687.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
mechaniczno-biologiczna stabilizacja odpadów
biosuszenie odpadów komunalnych
respirometria
mechanical-biological stabilization
biodrying MSW
respirometry
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje analizę pracy reaktora służącego do mechaniczno-biologicznej stabilizacji odpadów. Przeprowadzono badania odpadów komunalnych kierowanych do reaktora (0-80 mm), a także stabilizatu (0-20 mm, 20-80 mm) powstałego po 7-dniowym suszeniu. Wyznaczono następujące parametry: straty prażenia (LOI), wilgotność, pH, siarczany, chlorki, metale ciężkie oraz aktywność oddechową. W celu określenia stabilizacji materiału mierzono ubytek O2 i produkcję CO2. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły ocenić efektywność pracy reaktora przemysłowego do przeróbki zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych. Badania prowadzono z użyciem następujących urządzeń: respirometr OXYMAX ER-10, chromatograf jonowy 883 Basic IC plus, spektrometr z plazmą ICP.
Operation analysis of the mechanical-biological stabilization reactor was presented. Results of investigations of raw MSW (0-80 mm) and stabilat (0-20 mm, 20-80 mm) which are the resulting material after the 7th days bio-drying processes, were discussed. The loss of ignition (LOI), humidity, pH, the amount of sulfur, chlorides, heavy metals and the biologically stable state are the main investigated parameters. To evaluate the material stabilization, the determination of the O2 uptake and CO2 production was measured. The results allowed to evaluate the work effectiveness of the industrial reactor constructed for MSW treatment. The experiments were led using an OXYMAX respirometer ER-10 (Columbus Instruments), an ion chromatograph 883 Basic IC plus, spectrometer with plasma ICP.
Źródło:
Proceedings of ECOpole; 2014, 8, 1; 141-146
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:
Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of Bio-Drying Process of Municipal Solid Waste
Badania biosuszenia odpadów komunalnych
Autorzy:
Dębicka, M.
Żygadło, M.
Latosińska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/388344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
mechanical-biological stabilization
biodrying MSW
respirometry
mechaniczno-biologiczna stabilizacja odpadów
biosuszenie odpadów komunalnych
respirometria
Opis:
Operation analysis of the mechanical-biological stabilization reactor was presented. Minicipal waste undergoes mechanical pretreatment and then the fraction 0–80 mm rich in organic matter is treated by oxidic method in the reactor. Results of investigations of raw MSW (0–80 mm) and stabilat (0–20 mm, 20–80 mm) which are the resulting material after the 7th days bio-drying processes, were discussed. The loss of ignition (LOI), humidity, pH, the amount of sulfur, chlorides, heavy metals and the biologically stable state are the main investigated parameters. To evaluate the material stabilization, the determination of the O2 uptake and CO2 production was measured. The results allowed to evaluate the work effectiveness of the industrial reactor constructed for MSW treatment. The experiments were led using an OXYMAX respirometer ER-10 (Columbus Instruments), an ion chromatograph 883 Basic IC plus, spectrometer with plasma ICP.
Artykuł prezentuje analizę pracy reaktora służącego do mechaniczno-biologicznej stabilizacji odpadów. Odpady komunalne poddawane są wstępnej mechanicznej przeróbce, a następnie frakcja 0–80 mm najbogatsza w materię organiczną poddawana jest obróbce tlenowej w reaktorze. Przeprowadzono badania odpadów komunalnych kierowanych do reaktora (0–80 mm), a także stabilizatu (0–20 mm, 20–80 mm) powstałego po 7-dniowym suszeniu. Wyznaczono następujące parametry: straty prażenia (LOI), wilgotność, pH, siarczany, chlorki, metale ciężkie oraz aktywność oddechową. W celu określenia stabilizacji materiału mierzono ubytek O2 i produkcję CO2. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły ocenić efektywność pracy reaktora zgodnie z kryteriami prawnymi. Badania prowadzono z użyciem urządzeń zakupionych ze środków unijnych: respirometr OXYMAX ER-10, chromatograf jonowy 883 Basic IC plus, spektrometr z plazmą ICP.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2013, 20, 12; 1461-1470
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Municipal solid waste settlement (MSWS) model with account for integrated creep and degradation processes
Autorzy:
Topolnicki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241319.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
municipal waste
settlement
degradation time
model
Opis:
The proposed Municipal Solid Waste Settlement (MSWS) model is based on a superposition of load and time dependent settlements, as corroborated by experimental evidence obtained from field and laboratory investigations. Load dependent settlements, triggered each time a new waste layer is placed on the top of the waste pile, are calculated taking into account stress dependent stiffness of MSW. Time dependent settlements, resulting form combined creep and degradation processes, are subdivided into short and long term deformations, and are modelled with a classical creep formula applying experimentally determined compression indexes. Particular feature of the model is the ability to describe a log-type decrease of waste total mass caused by progressive degradation of MSW in time, irrespective of a simultaneous increase of the unit bulk density due to waste decomposition and relocation of fines. Performance of the model is verified with respect to independent field observations, conducted at the landfill in Wiesbaden.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2004, 51, 3; 267-286
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emission Assessment at the Štěpánovice Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Focusing on Ch4 Emissions
Autorzy:
Adamcová, D.
Vaverková, M.
Břoušková, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste landfill
landfill gas
Integrated Register of Pollutants
waste
Opis:
The study was conducted to measure the emission from landfill in the years 2005– 2011. The results are used to diagnose the emissions of CH4. The mean value of CH4 in vol. % in the collection wells ranged from 0 to 2.14 vol. % the mean concentration of CH4 in mg/m3 ranged from 0 to 25 251 mg/m3, the average concentration of CH4 in mg/Nm3 at the measuring and control points ranged from 2.2 to 24.1 mg/Nm3. CH4 emissions from the landfill do not exceed the reporting thresholds the landfill does not meet conditions for being included in the Integrated Register of Pollutants.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 3; 9-17
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fractional Composition of Nickel, Manganese and Iron in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash
Autorzy:
Łukowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202269.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
nickel
manganese
iron
metal fraction
MSWI bottom ash
municipal solid waste incineration
BCR method
Opis:
Fractions of Ni, Mn and Fe in the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash were investigated. Three fractions of studied metals were separated according to the BCR procedure (acid soluble and exchangeable, reducible and oxidizable). Pseudo-total metal content, pH and dry mass in all samples were evaluated. The share of nickel in fractions followed the sequence: F4 (79.0%) > F3 (9.0%) > F1 (7.5%) > F2 (4.5%), for manganese: F4 (60.4%) > F1 (16.8%) > F2 (13.2%) > F3 (9.6%) and for iron: F4 (74.4%) > F2 (12.6%) > F3 (12.5%) > F1 (0.5%). Mobile pool of metals (F1-F3) contained the least of nickel (21.0%) and the most of manganese (39.7%).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 11; 235--240
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Municipal solid waste management systems in Poland and the Czech Republic. A comparative study
Autorzy:
Jakubus, Monika
Stejskal, Bohdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032955.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
municipal waste management system
Polska
Czech Republic
comparative study
gospodarka odpadami komunalnymi
Polska
Czechy
badania porównawcze
Opis:
The work provides an overview of methods of waste collection and treatment in Poland and the Czech Republic. Differences ( in contrast to Poland, MBT technology is not used in the Czech Republic and only one incineration plant works) and similarities (similar share of waste management methods, the comparable mass of generated municipal solid waste per capita and similarly low sorting rate) between both countries have been indicated focusing on various fractions of municipal solid wastes as well as the dominant system of their management. SWOT analysis focused on the municipal solid waste management of both countries has been created. In Poland, the proportion between small amounts of waste collected selectively and the mass of waste sent to landfills is not satisfactory. In the Czech Republic, lots of municipal solid waste is deposited in landfills.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2020, 46, 3; 61-78
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Presence of plant hormones in composts made from organic fraction of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Klimas, E.
Szymańska-Pulikowska, A.
Górka, B.
Wieczorek, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Composting is a process of the biological decomposition of organic matter under aerobic conditions. Composts made from waste may still contain other substances that influence plant growth and development, such as vitamins or plant growth substances (plant hormones). Application of products containing phytohormones has an effect on numerous physiological processes in plants. Among observable results are: improved condition of the root system, increased absorption of nutrients, improved stress and disease resistance and delayed aging. The purpose of the research was to analyse the occurrence of plant hormones in mature composts made from selectively collected organic fraction of household municipal solid waste. Solid waste processing was carried out in a composting plant located at the Municipal Waste Management Plant in Żywiec (Silesian Province, Żywiecki District, Poland). The composting plant uses a Herhor bioreactor. Organic waste constituted 70% of the mixture, with the remaining 30% composed of structural material. Regarding the varying amounts of green waste (mainly grass clippings), the composts were divided into two groups: early spring composts and late spring composts. Four out of the five analysed substances (from the auxin and cytokinin groups) were found in composts made from waste collected in early spring. Composts made from waste collected from May to June contained mostly cytokinins and gibberellic acid. Total concentration of plant hormones in the composts was related to the content of plant waste in processed material.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 4
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Yii-Powered Web Application to Assist Decision-Makers in Municipal Solid Waste Management
Autorzy:
Okae, P.
David, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/118079.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
observatory
competitive intelligence
decision-maker
Yii
DWH
Opis:
This paper adopts the concepts of observatory and competitive intelligence (CI) to model a system that will generate better insights for decision-makers in the solid waste industry. The first part of this work is to design and develop a data warehouse (DWH) of solid waste statistics using data assembled from disparate sources. Our methodology of design is the entity relationship diagram (ERD) and our implementation tool is MySQL running on phpMyAdmin. The second part of our work will be to turn our developed DWH into a Web application using the Yii PHP component framework. Our findings indicated that the application of both concepts of observatory and CI lead to better insights for decision-makers and hence better organizational performance.
Źródło:
Applied Computer Science; 2016, 12, 2; 33-41
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:
Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An overview of municipal solid waste management in Poland. The current situation, problems and challenges
Autorzy:
Alwaeli, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207288.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
waste management
environmental policy
waste landfill
Polska
overview
miejskie wysypisko śmieci
gospodarka odpadami
polityka ochrony środowiska
polityka środowiskowa
składowisko odpadów
Polska
przegląd
Opis:
An overview of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in Poland has been presented. The processes of waste generation and composition have been described and a comprehensive review of MSWM in Poland has been provided, covering some of the important aspects of waste management, such as the current status of waste collection, transport and disposal in Poland. An additional aim of the present work was to identify the potential barriers and the factors affecting waste management as well as provide recommendations for system improvement in Poland and other similar developing countries. An analysis shows that the state of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Poland is not yet as developed as in many other EU countries. Landfilling is still the predominant method used for the disposal of MSW. Composting and incineration are also used but refer only to a small percentage of the total. According to the latest data (31st December 2014), around 84% of MSW was collected and transported and that ca. 53% was disposed of in landfill, ca. 7% was incinerated at waste-to-energy plants, ca. 11% was treated at organic waste recovery plants and 23% was delivered to sorting. The average generation rate of MSW was 293 kg/capita/year. Generally, recycling in Poland is on the increase, especially concerning easily collectable and recyclable materials such as paper, plastics, glass and metals. Around 37% of MSW collected selectively is recycled.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2015, 41, 4; 181-193
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuzzy automatic control of the pyrolysis process for the municipal solid waste of variable composition
Autorzy:
Kozlov, Oleksiy
Kondratenko, Yuriy
Lysiuk, Hanna
Kryvda, Viktoriia
Maksymova, Oksana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204555.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
automatic control system
fuzzy control method
pyrolysis plant
municipal solid waste disposal
variable composition
moisture content
Opis:
This paper is devoted to the issues of the fuzzy automatic control of the pyrolysis process of municipal solid waste (MSW) of variable composition and moisture content. The fuzzy control method that is developed and studied makes it possible to carry out the proper automatic control of a pyrolysis plant with the determination of the optimal ratio of air/MSW for various types of waste and with different moisture content values to ensure high efficiency of the MSW disposal process. The effectiveness study of the proposed fuzzy control method is performed in this paper on a specific example, in particular, when automating the pyrolysis plant for MSW disposal with a reactor volume of 250 liters. The obtained simulation results confirm the high efficiency of the developed method, as well as the feasibility of its use for designing automatic control systems of various pyrolysis plants that operate under conditions of changes in the composition and moisture content of input waste.
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2022, 16, 1; 83--94
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy Content Estimation of Municipal Solid Waste by Physical Composition in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq
Autorzy:
Janna, Hussein
Abbas, Mukhtar D.
Al-Khuzaie, Marwah M.
Al-Ansari, Nadhir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
energy content
high heating value model
waste characterization
landfilling
Opis:
This study was undertaken to estimate the energy potential of municipal solid waste via creating a relationship between the high heating value (HHV) and the fractions of physical composition of municipal solid waste MSW (% food, % plastic, % paper, % wood, % textile) into the two scenarios, namely wet MSW (as discarded) and dry (free moisture). The created models were determined based on the results of obtained from the analysis of the components of the Al-Diwaniyah MSW and then from previous studies which involved experimental ultimate analysis (% C, % O, % H, % N, %S) of MSW, supported by the equations and models of previous studies which were used for HHV calculation. SPSS Statistical software was used to prepare the models. For each scenario, the input datasets were 60 cases, taking into account the minimization of the data and the average of HHV that result from equations. Four models were created, two models for each status where R2 was 1.00 and 0.999 for dry and wet situation, respectively. However, the equations of verification process showed that the models which depended on the dry fractions are more accurate. The produced HHV from the dry and wet MSW components in the Al-Diwaniyah City is 8655 KJ/Kg and 6440 KJ/Kg, respectively (as discarded).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 7; 11-19
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efekty zewnętrzne związane z uciążliwością składowisk dla otoczenia
Disamenity externalities of municipal solid waste landfill
Autorzy:
Bojanowicz-Bablok, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357290.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
składowisko odpadów
środowisko naturalne
uciążliwości
landfill
natural environment
disamenities
Opis:
Celem badania było określenie stopnia i zasięgu uciążliwości regionalnego składowiska odpadów komunalnych dla otoczenia. Na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród respondentów z 400 gospodarstw domowych zlokalizowanych w różnych odległościach od składowiska stwierdzono, że wywiera ono niewielki wpływ na otoczenie. Hałas oraz zwiększony ruch drogowy nie stanowią uciążliwości, nawet dla mieszkańców terenów najbliższych składowiska; niewiele większą - rozwiewane śmieci oraz obecność szkodników. Największe uciążliwości dla respondentów z terenów najbliższych obiektu stanowią odczuwanie odorów oraz obawa o zdrowie własne lub członków rodziny. Wyniki wskazują, że współczesne składowiska odpadów, spełniające wymagania obowiązujących przepisów, eksploatowane w sposób minimalizujący negatywne oddziaływanie mogą powodować stosunkowo niewielkie uciążliwości dla otoczenia.
This study was conducted to examine the impacts and estimate the range of disamenities resulting from the exploitation of the regional landfill. A formal questionnaire survey was undertaken to gather the data from residents of 410 dwellings located in different distances from the facility. The results of the research indicate the relatively small impact of externalities from the landfill site. Noise and traffic were the least important of the externalities associated with the landfill, even for the respondents living within the shortest distance from the site; the disamenities from litter and vermin seemed to be slightly more important but still small. The odour and enhanced perception of health risk posed the highest concern for the residents closest to the facility. It can be concluded that the landfill which is being managed in a way that complies with all acceptable standards and that minimises negative impacts through landfill gas recovery, cleaning activities on and around the site causes low levels of disamenity.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2012, 14, 1; 11-19
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Municipal Solid Waste to Energy: Palletization of Paper and Garden Waste into Refuse Derived Fuel
Autorzy:
Suryawan, I. Wayan Koko
Septiariva, Iva Yenis
Fauziah, Eva Nur
Ramadan, Bimastyaji Surya
Qonitan, Fatimah Dinan
Zahra, Nurulbaiti Listyendah
Sarwono, Ariyanti
Sari, Mega Mutiara
Ummatin, Kuntum Khoiro
Lim, Jun Wei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
waste to energy
pelletizing
garden waste
paper waste
Opis:
The purpose of this research was to process a mixture of paper waste and garden waste based on material flow analysis and to analyze its parameters based on water content, ash content, heating value, along with Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA)/Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG). The garden waste treatment process consists of shredding, drying with a rotary dryer, separator, and then shaving with a hammer mill. Paper waste only needs a shredder process. Then, the mixing process and pelletizing of paper waste as well as garden waste are carried out according to the variation (w/w) 100% paper (K100), 75% paper (K75), 50% paper (K50), 25% paper (K25), and 100% garden waste (K0). The water content ranged from 5.8 to 15.25%. From K0 to K100 samples, the ash content increased from 4.54 to 9.85%. A correlation of 0.9047 was found from samples K0 to K100. There was a correlation between increasing calorific value along with the mixture with paper waste. The caloric value in K0 to K100 increased from 13.11 to 19.03 MJ/kg. The TGA/DTG analysis reduced mass due to water evaporation, devolatilization, and carbonization processes.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 4; 64--74
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An overview on techniques and regulations of mechanical-biological pre-treatment of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Ritzkowski, M.
Heerenklage, J.
Stegmann, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/363130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
składowanie odpadów
emisja
obróbka mechaniczno-biologiczna
zagospodarowanie odpadów
aerobic
anaerobic
emissions
landfilling
mechanical-biological treatment
waste management concepts
Opis:
Landfilling of municipal solidwaste (MSW) causes significant problems from the production of landfill gas (LFG) and highly polluted leachate over long periods of time. These emissions have to be controlled, treated and sustainable reduced during the aftercare phase, incurring significant costs. Therefore, the overall wastemanagement strategy in Europe is towards reducing landfilling and promoting energy recovery fromMSW. However, as thermal treatment capacities are currently limited and incineration plants rely on largewaste input quantities (>150,000 t * a-1),mechanicalbiological pre-treatment (MBP) of waste was implemented as an alternative in different EU countries. By means of a combination ofmechanical pre-treatment and subsequent biological treatment, the emissions potential of the residual MSW can be significantly reduced under controlled conditions. As a result, MBP can be seen as an integral part of modern waste management concepts, including the mandatory separation of the high caloric fraction to be used as a fuel and for the production of biologically stabilised waste for landfilling. In order to improve the overall energy balance, modern MBP plants often include anaerobic treatment as the biological process component, hence increasing the efficiency of energy recovery from MSW.
Źródło:
Environmental Biotechnology; 2006, 2, 2; 57-68
1734-4964
Pojawia się w:
Environmental Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Segregation of waste at source reduces the environmental hazards of municipal solid waste in Patna, India
Autorzy:
Singh, A.
Raj, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
Patna
environmental pollution
logistic regression
Opis:
Though Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a worldwide problem, the collected wastes are dumped in open dumping at landfilling sites while the uncollected wastes remain strewn on the roadside, many-a-time clogging drainage. Such unsafe and inadequate management of MSW causes spread of bacteria, viruses, particulate matter, dioxins and other harmful pollutants in the surroundings and atmosphere. Hence, due to the repeated exposure of population to these pollutants can lead to serious health problems such as Diarrhea/Dysentery, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), and Asthma/Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRD). Therefore, two-phase study included secondary data on diseases caused due to environmental pollution and primary data on MSW and lack of MSW management from 127 households in urban Patna, India. The random sampling method was used for collection of primary survey data, conducted during 2015–16 in selected areas of Patna. Logistic regression model odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were used to show the strength of the associations among segregation of wastes at source, segregation behavior, collection bins in the area, distance of collection bins from a residential area, and transportation of MSW. The ROC is a statistical technique to validate the logistic regression method that predicts the occurrence of an event through the comparison of probability picture of an event occurrence observed by probability and the predicted probability of the same event. The area under the ROC curve is up to 0.889 extent, which reveals that the ‘segregation of waste at source’ has a very strong scope to accomplish sustainable recycling at urban Patna in order to manage waste with the overall accuracy of 92.126%, which proves a better fi t logistic regression model. Hence, this paper concludes that ‘segregation of waste at source’ helps to attain sustainable recycling which would be the most viable approach to manage MSW in Patna and would eventually reduce environmental pollutants for the public health safety.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2018, 44, 4; 96-110
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gromadzenie i selektywna zbiórka odpadów komunalnych w gminach
Collection and selective collection of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Bień, B.
Bień, J. D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/296713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
gospodarka odpadami
selektywna zbiórka odpadów
gromadzenie
surowce wtórne
municipal solid waste
waste management
selective waste collection
recycling
Opis:
Głównymi źródłami powstawania odpadów komunalnych związanych z działalnością bytową człowieka są przede wszystkim gospodarstwa domowe oraz obiekty użyteczności publicznej. Zbieranie i gromadzenie odpadów w miejscu ich powstawania stanowi pierwsze ogniwo systemu ich usuwania i unieszkodliwiania. Gromadzenie odpadów to etap krótkotrwały i przejściowy. Podstawowym elementem w dobrze zaprojektowanym systemie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi jest segregacja odpadów. Segregacja odpadów może być realizowana poprzez system selektywnej zbiórki "u źródła" lub drogą tzw. segregacji wtórnej prowadzonej w zakładach unieszkodliwiania. Selektywne gromadzenie odpadów ponadto obejmuje: kontenery ustawiane "w sąsiedztwie", centralne punkty selektywnego gromadzenia. Na terenach wiejskich selektywna zbiórka odpadów prowadzona jest w ograniczonym zakresie. Z uwagi na to, że wdrożenie i rozwój selektywnej zbiórki jest procesem długotrwałym, rozwijanym sukcesywnie, wymagającym zaangażowania środków technicznych i organizacyjnych, istotnym elementem tego systemu jest świadomość ekologiczna mieszkańców. Gmina powinna położyć szczególny nacisk na działania propagujące prowadzenie prawidłowej gospodarki odpadami poprzez uświadamianie społeczności lokalnej potrzeby ochrony środowiska przed odpadami, celowości selektywnej zbiórki odpadów komunalnych dla zwiększenia odzysku surowców wtórnych z tych odpadów, a w konsekwencji oszczędności objętości eksploatacyjnej składowisk i poprawy standardów sanitarnych i estetycznych środowiska, w którym społeczność ta żyje. Pozwoli to z pewnością ograniczyć ilość powstających dzikich wysypisk na terenie gminy.
The main sources of municipal solid waste arising from the activities of human living are primarily households and public utilities. The collection and accumulation of municipal waste at source is the first stage in the system of its removal and disposal. Collection of municipal solid waste should be a short-term and transitional stage in waste management. The basic element in a well-designed system of municipal waste management is a waste segregation. Municipal waste separation can be achieved through a system of separate waste collection "at source" or by the so-called secondary segregation. Selective waste collection also includes: containers set "in the neighborhood", focal points of selective collection. In rural areas selective municipal waste collection is conducted on a limited basis. Normally the implementation and development of selective collection is a long-term process that expands gradually requiring the involvement of technical and organizational measures. An essential element of such system is also the awareness of inhabitants. Municipality should put particular emphasis to promote a proper waste management among the local community. An awareness of proper waste management allows to protect the environment against waste. In result we save landfills volume and improve operational standards of health and esthetic environment in which the community lives. Certainly, this will limit also the number of wild landfills in the municipality area.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska; 2010, 13, 3; 173-183
1505-3695
2391-7253
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza kosztów transportu odpadów komunalnych gromadzonych selektywnie
Analysis of transport costs for segregated municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101309.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
transport odpadów
koszty transportu
municipal solid waste
waste transport
transport costs
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono analizę struktury kosztów transportu odpadów komunalnych gromadzonych selektywnie, odbieranych z terenu miasta Krakowa oraz 13 gmin podmiejskich. Do analiz wybrano 4 pojazdy odbierające tzw. segregację z gospodarstw domowych (gromadzoną w różnokolorowych workach). Pojazdy te posiadają zbliżoną charakterystykę pracy. Wszystkie należą do prywatnego przedsiębiorstwa zajmują- cego się zbieraniem i transportem odpadów komunalnych, budowlanych i opakowaniowych. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, iż w strukturze kosztów transportu odpadów segregowanych dla wszystkich analizowanych pojazdów, dominują koszty zużycia paliwa, koszty wynagrodzenia oraz zakupu worków, stanowiące odpowiednio 29,5%, 26,7% i 18,0%. Pozostałe koszty oraz zysk przedsiębiorstwa stanowią 25,8% całkowitych kosztów zbierania i transportu odpadów segregowanych. Koszt transportu 1 Mg odpadów gromadzonych selektywnie wynosi średnio 243,3 zł. Mg-1. Koszt ten jest wyższy o około 60 zł. Mg-1 w stosunku do kosztów transportu zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych. Średnie zu- życie paliwa (ON) w przeliczeniu na 1 Mg segregowanych odpadów komunalnych wynosi około 13,2 dm3·Mg-1 i jest ono wyższe niż zużycie paliwa przez śmieciarki (transport zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych) o 1,1 dm3·Mg-1. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, iż istnieje statystycznie istotna zależność pomiędzy zużyciem paliwa (dm3·Mg-1), a udziałem kursów realizowanych na terenach wiejskich (R = - 0,83).
This paper reports the analysis of transport costs for segregated municipal solid waste (MSW) collected from the Krakow city and the 13 municipalities bordering the main town of Małopolska Region. There were 4 selected vehicles (garbage trucks) analyzed (collected segregated waste from households) These vehicles have a similar work characteristics. These vehicles belong to private enterprise dealing with the waste transport. The largest share in the structure of the waste transport and collection have fuel costs (29.5%), salaries (26.7%) and cost of bags purchase (18.0%). Other costs and enterprises profit represent 25.8% of the total transport costs. The average unit cost of segregated waste transport and collection is 243.3 zł. Mg-1 and is higher by 60 zł. Mg-1 in relation to the cost of mixed waste transport. Average fuel consumption (Diesel) per 1 Mg of segregated waste is about 13.2dm3·Mg-1 and it is higher than for mixed waste by an average of 1.1 dm3·Mg-1. Furthermore there is a statistically significant dependence between the unit costs of waste transport (dm3·Mg-1) and participation of courses realized at the rural areas (R = - 0.83).
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, III/2; 1039-1050
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Recycling and Disposal in Malang City Indonesia
Autorzy:
Sunarto, S.
Purwanto, P.
Hadi, S. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
integrated solid waste management
recycling
GHG emission
Opis:
Increased waste generation due to population growth and increasing consumption patterns cause pollution, including pollution in global scale due to the emission of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the waste in the landfill. The study purposed to analyze the GHG (Green House Gases) emission generated by solid waste management in Malang in 2012 and in the next 10 years through the application of waste recycling from upstream to downstream. The production of methane (CH4) in landfill were analyzed using the model equations developed by IPPC (2001) and the reduction of the GHG from recycling were analyzed using GHG emission factors. Dynamic model of the GHG emission was developed to analyze and to predict GHG emission from recycling and dumping activity. The GHG emissions of waste management in 2012 (Scenario 1) is 192,291.19 tCO2e and in the next 10 years is 254,548.93 tCO2e (>32.19%). Application of Scenario 2 and Scenario 3 in the next 10 years produces GHG emission 134,290.38 tCO2e (<30.16%) and 37,741.56 tCO2e (<80.37%).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 3; 74-82
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anaerobowa degradacja organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych
Anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Stelmach, E.
Krzystek, L.
Stelmach, J.
Ledakowicz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2070389.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
czas retencji
fermentacja metanowa
odpady komunalne stałe
frakcja organiczna odpadów
biogaz
retention times
methane fermentation
municipal solid wastes
organic fraction
biogas
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu degradacji organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów z gospodarstw domowych metodą fermentacji metanowej. Określono zmiany poziomu wskaźników obciążenia organicznego oraz szybkości wytwarzanego w procesie biogazu i zawartości w nim metanu dla różnych hydraulicznych czasów retencji.
In this paper the results concerning the degradation processes of organic fraction of municipal solid waste during methane fermentation are presented. The changes of basic organic load indicators, biogas production rate and methane content in biogas for various hydraulic retention times were determined.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2009, 3; 107-108
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przemywanie stałych odpadów komunalnych w mieszalniku bębnowym
Leaching of municipal solid waste in a drum mixer
Autorzy:
Stelmach, E.
Krzystek, L.
Stelmach, J.
Ledakowicz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2070095.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
mieszalnik bębnowy
przemywanie
odpady komunalne stałe
drum mixer
leaching
municipal solid wastes
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono uzyskane z użyciem znaczników przepływu mapy prędkości obwodowych i promieniowych na wysokości zawieszenia samozasysajacego mieszadła tarczowego. Uzyskane rezultaty są zgodne z wynikami uzyskanymi metodą anemometrii laserowej.
Maps of tangential and radial velocities obtained by flow followers applied at the level of self-aspirating disk impeller are presented in the paper. The results obtained are compatible with the results obtained by the laser Doppler anemometry method.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2009, 1; 114-115
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Motor Fuels and Energy – Producing Fuels Generation Based on the Processing of Municipal Solid Waste Organic Components
Autorzy:
Temirbekova, Marzhan
Wójcik, Waldemar
Stoyak, Vyacheslav V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
bioethanol
fermentation
ethanol fermentation
Opis:
Municipal solid waste management and its disposal are considered one of the major challenges facing the urban communities around the world. Effective solid waste treatment involves a variety of approaches, treatment technologies and concepts to ensure the protection of public health and the environment. Waste landfill is the method most commonly used worldwide, despite all the significant environmental, health and economic consequences. Thus, alternative methods such as the municipal solid waste pretreatment, fermentation, ethanol fermentation and anaerobic fermentation have been the focus of heightened attention. Using these methods, an alcohol-containing liquid was obtained from 1.5 kg of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), which had an ethanol percentage of 97.45%. Consequently, if properly managed and used, municipal solid waste can be a viable source of energy rather than a source of pollution.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 7; 73-80
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The concept of land use development of a municipal solid waste landfill: the Cegłów commune case study
Autorzy:
Kwiatkowska-Malina, J.
Dybowska, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
land use development
municipal solid waste landfill
reclamation
recreation
Opis:
The presence of municipal solid waste landfills is an inevitable spatial phenomenon that expresses the planning properties of the process of land use, economic development and the relationship to the environment. The process of land use is continuous, in which a period of planning, development and management of its operation is followed by a period of decline in the performance of (aging) and the fall of the land. Closing the landfill and reclamation results in the appearance of problem areas, i.e. of degraded areas both on the site and in the area of its influence. The paper presents the concept of development of a closed municipal solid waste landfill in the village Woźbin in the commune Cegłów and adjacent areas. According to the ‘Project of closure and reclamation of municipal solid waste landfill in the village Woźbin, in the commune Cegłów’ after the operation of the landfill as well as the technical and biological reclamation, can be implemented forest restoration direction. The concept of developing the reclaimed municipal landfill and the adjacent land is assumed to introduce the planned forest reclamation and complement the recreational function which will increase the attractiveness of the area and will enable its use in a more economical way aimed at integrating the municipal solid waste site with its surroundings.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/1; 1229-1241
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Suitable multi criteria decision analysis tool for selecting municipal solid waste treatment in the city of bandung
Autorzy:
Martowibowo, S. Y.
Riyanto, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247200.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
multi-criteria decision analysis
municipal solid waste treatment technology and management
AHP
ELECTRE II
TOPSIS
Opis:
Municipal solid waste (MSW) generated by the dwellers of the City of Bandung which amounted to 7500 m3 per day is big deal of a problem for the Government of the City since MSW treatment and management is carried out by the Government business branch (PD Kebersihan). The Government has decided to implement waste to energy (WTE) incineration for MSW treatment three years ago. The realization, however, was nowhere to be seen. One of the reasons that the realization is halted is due to the objection by residents in the neighbourhood of the planned WTE plant site. This paper aims to systematically and objectively assist and support the decision makers in the Government in selecting the most appropriate MSW treatment technology and management for the City via implementation of sound multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools available. Herein, the MSW treatment technology and management regarded as alternatives are open dumping landfill, sanitary landfill, power generation from biogas via anaerobic digestion, power generation via gasification, composting, and waste to energy (WTE) incineration. Moreover, aspects of technology, social, economy, and environment are considered as criteria for selecting the most suitable MSW treatment technology and management. Several well established MCDA tools such as AHP, ELECTRE II, PROMETHEEII, and TOPSIS are applied. Each of the MCDA tool has its own merits and drawbacks which will be investigated in this paper. In addition, sensitivity analyses were carried out in order to investigate the robustness of the methods. Among all MCDA tools mentioned, TOPSIS is the simplest to be used for it does not need much intervention from the decision maker, and yet yields comparable results with others.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 273-280
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate Treatment by Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia and Scirpus validus through Constructed Wetlands
Autorzy:
Sial, Taufique Ahmed
Teewno, Abdul Majid
Memon, Sheeraz Ahmed
Mahar, Rasool Bux
Korai, M. Safar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
MSW
municipal solid waste
landfill leachate
contamination
CWs
phytoremediation
macrophytes
sustainability
Opis:
A sustainable performance evaluation of pilot-scale was carried through horizontal sub-surface Constructed Wetlands system for treating the leachate from constructed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill at Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro. The CWs were planted with Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia and Scirpus validus with sand and gravel. The leachate had been treated with two different cycles, first cycle was performed in the winter season whereas second cycle in summer, to differentiate the performance with seasonal variation. Chemical parameters of leachate pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids TSS, Ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), Total Phosphate PO43- (TP) and heavy metals, Lead (Pb) and Copper (Cu) were tested with intervals of certain weeks. The tests result showed that all parameters experienced a considerable reduction in their concentrations. Significant reduction efficiencies were recorded for parameters, BOD with 53–82%, COD with 32–46%, TSS with 59–75%, NH3-N with 90–92%, NO3-N with 85–87%, and TP with 48–64%, and heavy metals Pb and Cu with 28–48% respectively in four weeks of the first cycle by all three plants. Whereas, in the second cycle, the removal efficiencies of BOD 78–93%, COD 63–76%, TSS 52–83%, NH3-N 90–91% and NO3-N 91–92% and heavy metals Pb and Cu with 21–58% respectively in five weeks were observed by all three plants. Along with the experimentation, United Nations Sustainable Development Goals UN SDGs are also highlighted. This study helps achieving tremendous SDGs accompanying treatment of leachate.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 6; 303--314
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selektywna zbiórka odpadów komunalnych z zabudowy jednorodzinnej
Selective collection of municipal solid waste from single-family housing
Autorzy:
Pasiecznik, I.
Banaszkiewicz, K.
Kłodziński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
badania ankietowe
gromadzenie odpadów
surowce wtórne
odzysk odpadów
research survey
waste collection
recyclable material
waste recovery
Opis:
Głównym celem polityki unijnej w zakresie gospodarki odpadami jest zapobieganie powstawaniu odpadów oraz traktowanie odpadów wytworzonych jako źródła zasobów surowcowych. Wytworzone odpady w pierwszej kolejności powinny zostać poddane procesom odzysku, w tym recyklingu. Spełnienie wymagań Unii Europejskiej (w zakresie poziomów odzysku i recyklingu oraz ograniczenia składowania odpadów ulegających biodegradacji) jest niemożliwe bez wprowadzenia efektywnych systemów selektywnego gromadzenia odpadów. Niestety, wprowadzenie obowiązku selektywnej zbiórki odpadów nie gwarantuje pozyskania dużej ilości frakcji surowcowych nadających się do recyklingu. W celu podniesienia świadomości społeczeństwa i jego motywacji do selektywnej zbiórki odpadów komunalnych konieczne jest prowadzenie kampanii informacyjnoedukacyjnych. Brak odpowiedniej edukacji powoduje, że surowce wtórne trafiają do strumienia odpadów zmieszanych. Celem badań była analiza systemu selektywnej zbiórki odpadów z terenu zabudowy jednorodzinnej (po 1 lipca 2013 r.). W ocenie wykorzystano badania opinii mieszkańców. Ankietę przeprowadzono wśród 156 respondentów zamieszkujących jedną z gmin wiejsko-miejskich w Polsce.
The main objective of the European Union when it comes to waste management is preventing waste production and the treatment of waste produced as a source of raw materials. Produced waste should be primarily recycled or other recovery should be applied. To meet the European Union requirements (in terms of the recovery and recycling rates of selected municipal solid waste (MSW) fractions, and the total quantities of biodegradable municipal solid waste which can be landfilled) the introduction of selective waste collection is necessary. Unfortunately, introduction of compulsory selective waste collection does not guarantee achieving a large amounts of relatively high-quality fractions of municipal waste that can be recycled. The informational and educational campaigns are necessary to raise public's awareness and motivate people to perform selective MSW collection. A lack of proper education causes recyclable materials to be thrown away with other residual waste. The aim of the research was the analysis of the selective waste collection in the detached housing area (after 1st July 2013). The evaluation was prepared on the basis of an opinion research conducted among the residents. One hundred fifty six respondents, living in one of the urban-rural municipality in Poland, took part in the survey.
Źródło:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology; 2016, 19; 65-71
2083-7097
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of Bottom Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
Charakterystyka popiołów dennych ze spalania stałych odpadów komunalnych
Autorzy:
Seniūnaitė, J.
Vasarevičius, S.
Grubliauskas, R.
Zigmontienė, A.
Vaitkus, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1813627.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
municipal solid waste incineration
bottom ash
heavy metals
soluble salts
spalanie odpadów komunalnych stałych
popiół denny
metale ciężkie
sole rozpuszczalne
Opis:
Waste-to-energy technologies are widely used for municipal solid waste management. Municipal solid waste incineration has reduced waste volume by 90%. The combustion process results in two types of waste: fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA). This study focuses on the chemical and environmental properties of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash. The chemical composition and leaching properties of BA from Lithuania’s waste-to-energy plant, located in Klaipeda, was determined. Results show that chemical BA composition is almost stable in time and that major elements are silicon dioxide (57±2%), calcium oxide 16±2.5% and iron oxide 8±3.2%. The concentration of various heavy metals in BA is < 1%. Leaching tests showed that from BA leached large quantities of soluble salts (sulphates 2,816–10,012 mg·kg-1 and chlorides 1,869–3,046 mg·kg-1) and certain heavy metals (Mo 0.5–1.8 mg·kg-1, Pb 0.1–2.5 mg·kg-1). MSWI bottom ash does not meet the requirements for inert waste (2003/33/EC) but meets those for waste removal in non-hazardous waste landfills. The changing concentration of environmentally hazardous heavy metals indicates that the need for continuous BA eluate test is important.
Technologie produkcji energii z odpadów są szeroko stosowane w gospodarce odpadami komunalnymi. Spalanie stałych odpadów komunalnych zmniejsza ich objętość o 90%. W procesie spalania wytwarzane są dwa główne typy produktów ubocznych: popioły lotne (PL) i popioły denne (PD). W pracy omówiono właściwości chemiczne i środowiskowe PD pochodzących ze spalania stałych odpadów komunalnych (SOK). Określono skład chemiczny i wymywanie substancji z PD z litewskiej spalarni odpadów, której siedziba mieści się w Kłajpedzie. Wyniki pokazują, że skład chemiczny PD jest prawie stabilny w czasie, a podstawowe tlenki to dwutlenek krzemu (57±2%), tlenek wapnia 16±2,5% i tlenek żelaza 8±3,2%. Koncentracja różnych metali ciężkich w PD wynosi < 1%. Badania wymywania wykazały, że z PD wymywano duże ilości rozpuszczalnych soli (siarczanów 2816-10012 mg·kg-1 i chlorków 1869-3046 mg·kg-1), a także niektórych metali ciężkich (Mo 0,5-1,8 mg·kg-1, Pb 0,1-2,5 mg·kg-1). Popiół denny ze spalania stałych odpadów komunalnych nie spełnia wymagań dotyczących odpadów obojętnych (2003/33/WE), ale spełnia wymagania dotyczące ich usuwania na składowiska odpadów innych niż niebezpieczne. Zmieniające się koncentracja niebezpiecznych dla środowiska metali ciężkich wskazuje na konieczność ciągłego badania eluatu z popiełów dennnych.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2018, Tom 20, cz. 1; 123-144
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of microbial and heavy metal concentration per distance and depth at a municipal solid waste Landfill
Autorzy:
Ogunmodede, O.T.
Ojo, A.A.
Adebayo, O.L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Opis:
The field study involved 4 sites and 15 samples according to the wind directions: North, East, South and West. The analysis was conducted through the use of Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Ten types of heavy metals were identified as indicators for pollution namely Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Cd. The results indicated that the concentration of Fe was the most dominant per specific distances and depths and exceeded the minimum standard in North, East and West directions. While Cu was the second most dominant with concentration exceeding minimum standard per specific distance and depth, mainly in the West direction. The results have shown presence of bacterial species including Pseudomonas, Mirococcus, Actinomyces, Neisseria, Bacillus and Klebsiella. These pathogens can infect wounds and cause sepsis and mortality and can even occur with such organisms to cause secondary infection. These groups of organisms are almost impossible to control since they are ubitiquous.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 22
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porównanie kosztów zewnętrznych wybranych metod składowania stałych odpadów komunalnych
Comparison of externalities of selected municipal solid waste disposal
Autorzy:
Czajkowski, M.
Bartczak, A.
Markiewicz, O.
Markowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95712.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
externalities
waste management
landfilling of municipal solid waste
składowanie odpadów
gazy cieplarniane
gaz wysypiskowy
koszt składowania odpadów
Opis:
W artykule zaprezentowano oszacowania kosztów zewnętrznych składowania odpadów dokonane za pomocą kilku równoległych metod badawczych. Zwraca uwagę zróżnicowanie uzyskanych rezultatów w zależności od przyjętej metodologii. Celowe zastosowanie kilku wariantów gospodarowania składowiskiem, zestawów założeń i kosztów jednostkowych pozwoliło na przeprowadzenie analizy wrażliwości oszacowanych kosztów zewnętrznych.
The aim of the article is to compare environmental externalities of different waste landfilling options that are available in Poland. Best available technologies were assumed, while physical parameters of a typical landfill were based on data from the landfill in Gać, Dolnośląskie Voivodship. The main focus of the analysis is the estimation of external costs of gas emissions, transport of waste and disamenities resulting in lower prices of real estate in the neighbourhood. The paper utilizes Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). For the quantification of external effects and external costs the ExternE methodology was used, developed within series of EU research projects. An important element of the study is a sensitivity analysis which utilizes a range of unit costs of greenhouse gas emissions, what reflects uncertainty about the true value of damages caused by carbon emissions. The paper provides an overview of the most important impacts of landfilling and their scale. The estimated externalities range from – 3,29 to over 86 EUR per tonne of waste, depending on the technology used and unit costs of emissions. The study, conducted within the MethodEx Project of the EU 6th Framework Programme, demonstrates a possible use of the methodology applied to the estimation of externalities of waste landfilling. The results can easily be used in order to estimate externalities of alternative waste landfill technologies.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2007, 2; 120-145
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of Methane Emissions from Mirash Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill, Differences between IPPC 2006 and LandGEM Method
Autorzy:
Dimishkovska, Biserka
Berisha, Afrim
Lisichkov, Kiril
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emissions
methane
municipal solid waste
MSW
sanitary landfill
Mirash
Opis:
This paper deals with the estimation of methane emissions from the Mirash municipal solid waste sanitary landfill. The methane emission was calculated according to two different methodologies, namely, IPCC 2006 and LandGEM. Within the framework of the research, the following parameters were evaluated: the amount of landfilled waste, landfill characteristics, and composition of landfilled waste as well as the climate conditions prevailing in the region. According to the IPCC methodology, the total amount of methane emitted from the Mirash landfill during the period 2006–2017 was 30.57 Giga grams (Gg), while according to the LandGEM methodology, the total amount of methane emitted from the Mirash landfill in the period 2006–2017 was 26.32 Giga grams (Gg). The total mass of CH4 in the Mirash regional landfill for the years 2018–2025 is projected to be 53.74 Gg according to the IPCC method, while according to LandGEM method, the projection points to 50.74 Gg. This study was carried out for the sanitary landfill for solid waste management in Mirash, Prishtina Region, in the Republic of Kosovo, during the year of 2018.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 5; 35-41
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact Of Aerobic Biostabilisation And Biodrying Process Of Municipal Solid Waste On Minimisation Of Waste Deposited In Landfills
Autorzy:
Dziedzic, K.
Łapczyńska-Kordon, B.
Malinowski, M.
Sikora, J.
Niemiec, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
biostabilisation
biodrying
stałe odpady komunalne
biostabilizacja w warunkach tlenowych
biosuszenie
Opis:
The article discusses an innovative system used for aerobic biostabilisation and biological drying of solid municipal waste. A mechanical–biological process (MBT) of municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment were carried out and monitored in 5 bioreactors. A two-stage biological treatment process has been used in the investigation. In the first step an undersize fraction was subjected to the biological stabilisation for a period of 14 days as a result of which there was a decrease of loss on ignition, but not sufficient to fulfill the requirements of MBT technology. In the second stage of a biological treatment has been applied 7-days intensive bio-drying of MSW using sustained high temperatures in bioreactor. The article presents the results of the chemical composition analysis of the undersize fraction and waste after biological drying, and also the results of temperature changes, pH ratio, loss on ignition, moisture content, combustible and volatile matter content, heat of combustion and calorific value of wastes. The mass balance of the MBT of MSW with using the innovative aeration system showed that only 14.5% of waste need to be landfilled, 61.5% could be used for thermal treatment, and nearly 19% being lost in the process as CO2 and H2O.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2015, 36, 4; 381-394
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biodegradowalność hydrolizatów z dezintegracji termicznej odpadów komunalnych
Production of biodegradable hydrolysate from municipal solid waste using thermal disintegration
Autorzy:
Myszograj, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/296863.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:
biofrakcja odpadów komunalnych
dezintegracja termiczna
LKT
OWO
iloraz C:N
biofraction of municipal waste
thermal disintegration
VFA
TOC
C:N ratio
Opis:
Omówiono zmiany charakterystyki dezintegrowanej termicznie biofrakcji odpadów komunalnych. Wykonano serie badań, w których bioodpady poddawano obróbce w temperaturach 55, 75, 95, 115, 135, 155, 175°C w czasie 0,5, 1 i 2 godzin. Potencjalną biodegradowalność hydrolizatów oceniono w oparciu o stężenie lotnych kwasów tłuszczowych, zawartość węgla organicznego i iloraz C:N. Stwierdzono, że parametrem decydującym o sprawności termohydrolizy jest temperatura, a czas procesu ma mniejszy wpływ. Dezintegracja odpadów w całym zakresie temperatur spowodowała wzrost ilości OWO w hydrolizatach. Najwyższe stężenie rozpuszczonego węgla organicznego (odpowiednio 9125 i 8899 gC/m3) oznaczono w hydrolizatach po dezintegracji odpadów w czasie 1 i 2 h oraz w temperaturze 175°C. Wyłącznie w wysokich temperaturach obróbki, od 135 do 175°C, na ilość uzyskanych lotnych kwasów tłuszczowych wyraźnie wpływała nie tylko temperatura, ale również czas procesu. Najwyższe stężenie LKT w hydrolizatach uzyskano w temperaturze 175°C (1 i 2 h); wynosiło ono około 1000 gCH3COOH/m3. Wraz ze wzrostem temperatury dezintegracji wartości ilorazu C:N w hydrolizatach zwiększały się od 10:1 do 20:1.
The rate and effectiveness of biodegradation of organic matter depends on many factors such as concentration of substrate and biomass, content of biodegradable organic carbon, the degree of microorganisms adopting, the characteristic and concentration of the final acceptor of electrons, the presence of nutrients, inhibitors and catalysts, suitable environmental conditions. Fundamental to the processes of biodegradation is also a relationship between organic carbon and other nutrients, as well as access to the macro-and micronutrients. One method of improving the ratio C:N and hence the biodegradability is the mixing of substrates such as in the process of co-fermentation or composting, where usually one of the substrates is in greater proportion (> 50%). Large potential for improving the characteristics of biowaste also give disintegration methods. The article discusses the changing of characteristics of thermally disintegrated biowaste. Biowaste was at temperatures of 55, 75, 95, 115, 135, 155, 175°C for 0.5, 1 and 2 hours treated. The potential biodegradability of hydrolysates was on the concentration of volatile fatty acids, organic carbon content and the ratio C: N rated. It was found that the principal parameter of thermo hydrolyses process efficiency is temperature and time has less impact. Disintegration of the waste in the whole range of temperatures has increased of the amount of TOC in the hydrolysates. The highest concentration of dissolved organic carbon (respectively 9125 and 8899 gC/m3) were determined in hydrolysates after the disintegration of the waste during the 1 and 2 h, and at 175°C. Only in the high temperature treatment, from 135 to 175°C, the amount of generated volatile fatty acids specifically was influenced not only from temperature, but also from a time of process The highest VFA concentration in hydrolysates achieved at 175°C (1 and 2 h) and it was approximately 1000 g CH3COOH/m3. With increasing temperature of disintegration the ratio C:N in hydrolysates increased from 10:1 to 20:1.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska; 2011, 14, 3; 281-290
1505-3695
2391-7253
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dylematy efektywności ekonomicznej przedsięwzięć termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych
Dilemmas of economic evaluation of municipal solid waste combustion projects
Autorzy:
Nowak, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/283052.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
termiczne przekształcanie odpadów
źródła energii
municipal waste
thermal utilization of waste
renewable energy
Opis:
Polska wytwarza ponad 12 milionów ton odpadów komunalnych rocznie i jest szóstym największym wytwórcą odpadów w Unii Europejskiej. Paradoksalnie nasz kraj wytwarza jeden z najniższych poziomów odpadów na mieszkańca, tj. 315 kg, podczas gdy średnia w Unie Europejskiej wynosi 503 kg. Dysproporcja ta może wynikać z różnic w poziomie rozwoju gospodarczego oraz faktu, że jedynie 80% Polaków jest objętych systemem zorganizowanego odbioru odpadów. Wprowadzane w ostatnich latach w Polsce zmiany w systemie ustawodawczym w zakresie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi mają na celu zagwarantować nie tylko dostosowanie polskich przepisów do wymogów Dyrektyw Unii Europejskiej, ale także ograniczyć ilość składowanych odpadów komunalnych. Podstawowym celem zarządzania gospodarką komunalną jest zwiększenie osiągnięcia wyższego poziomu odzysku i recyklingu i tym samym podjęcia wyzwania budowy instalacji do termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych. Nadal kontrowersyjną, a jednocześnie skuteczną metodą utylizacji odpadów jest proces spalania. Metoda ta polega na termicznym przekształceniu odpadów powodując zmniejszenie ilości odpadów oraz umożliwia przetworzenie zawartej w nich energii chemicznej. Dzisiejsze technologie pozwalają na redukcję od 80% objętości odpadów (bez przetwarzania żużla) do 95% (z przetwarzaniem żużla), a redukcja masy wynosi od 60 do 70%. Oferowane na rynku nowe konstrukcje budowy pieców pozwalająna wykorzystywanie energii z procesów spalania z przetworzeniem jej w ciepło i/lub energię elektryczną bez konieczności dodawania paliw konwencjonalnych. W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę oraz hierarchię sposobów postępowania z odpadami komunalnymi. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na uwarunkowania prawne i ekonomiczne termicznego przekształcania odpadów, w odniesieniu do całkowitej sprawności spalarni obliczanej na podstawie wzoru zawartego w przepisach prawnych.
In Poland over 12 million tones of waste is generated each year. Thus Poland is the sixth largest producer of waste in the European Union. Paradoxically, we have one of the lowest rates of waste generation per capita, i.e. 315 kg, whereas the EU average is 503 kg. This disparity may result from differences in the level of economic growth and the fact that only 80% of Poles are covered by the waste management system. The legal changes concerning the municipal waste management system introduced in recent years in Poland aim not only to ensure the compliance of Polish regulations with the requirements of EU Directives but also reduce the amount of municipal waste needing to be disposed of. The main aim of the municipal waste management system is to increase the level of waste recycling, which involves the challenge of building a municipal waste incineration plant. Although still a controversial subject, the waste incineration process is an effective way of waste management. This method consist in thermal processing of waste, which reduces the amount of waste and enables energy recovery. Today's technologies enable waste volume reduction ranging from 80% (without slag processing) to 95% (with slag processing), and waste weight reduction by 60-70%. New available incinerators enable the reuse of energy from combustion. Energy is converted into heat and/or electricity without the necessity of adding conventional fuels. This paper presents the profile and hierarchy of municipal waste treatment methods. Special attention is given to legal and economic considerations concerning the thermal processing of waste, with particular reference to the total efficiency of a waste incineration plant calculated based on the formula set out in legal provisions.
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2013, 16, 4; 201-216
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recycling of selected fraction of municipal solid waste as artificial soil substrate in support of the circular economy
Autorzy:
Alwaeli, Mohamed
Alshawaf, Mohammad
Klasik, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2232549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
artificial soil substrates
crop production
soil deficiency
germination rate
odpady komunalne stałe
gleba
szybkość kiełkowania
produkcja roślinna
składniki gleby
sztuczna gleba
Opis:
Regions with warm climate are poor in organic matter or have a deficit of soil. The purpose of the work was to select the optimal mix from biodegradable wastes such as cardboard (Cb), natural textiles (Tx) newspaper (Np), colored newspaper (Cp), and office paper (Op) for creating artificial soil by combining these materials with compost and sand. To select the optimum mix, 15 samples were taken (3 from each type of waste in the following proportions: 25%, 50% and 75% ). The optimum mix was analyzed for grass germination rate and root development. Tests were performed in the laboratory with conditions similar to those of regions with warm climate and soil deficiency in a specially designed testing spot (bioterm). The effects of particular mixes on plant germination rate and growth were measured. Out of all mixes, the textile compositions Tx50 and Tx25 supported best the plant propagation. During the whole experimental process, the grass showed various growth tendencies. The best results for grass height were observed for mixes with textiles and colored newspaper. Based on this data and subsequent laboratory research, the best substrate composition was selected. For the whole period of the tests, germination rate in the pot with the mix was higher than the germination rate in the control sample with compost. Considering the experimental conditions of this research, the tested substrates can be used to aid in plant propagation, especially in regions with warm climate and soil deficiencies, and for restoration of damaged land areas.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2022, 48, 4; 68--77
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza kosztów zbierania i transportu zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych
Transport and collection costs analysis of mixed municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/60116.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
gospodarka odpadami
odpady komunalne
odpady mieszane
zbiorka odpadow
transport odpadow
koszty transportu
Opis:
Największy udział w strukturze kosztów gospodarowania odpadami komunalnymi, obok ich zagospodarowania, mają gromadzenie i transport odpadów. W artykule przedstawiono wielkość i strukturę kosztów transportu zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych odbieranych z terenu miasta Krakowa oraz 20 gmin sąsiadujących z głównym miastem Małopolski. Do analiz wybrano 6 pojazdów bezpylnych (tzw. śmieciarek) o zbliżonej charakterystyce pracy, należących do prywatnego przedsiębiorstwa zajmującego się zbieraniem i transportem odpadów. Dane pozyskane do analiz dotyczyły okresu od czerwca 2010 do czerwca 2013. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, iż w strukturze kosztów zbierania i transportu odpadów dla wszystkich analizowanych pojazdów, dominują koszty zużycia paliwa oraz koszty wynagrodzenia, stanowiące odpowiednio 37 % i 40 %. Pozostałe koszty oraz zysk przedsiębiorstwa stanowią 23 % całkowitych kosztów zbierania i transportu odpadów. Na terenach wiejskich największy udział w strukturze kosztów mają koszty wynagrodzenia (44%), zaś na terenach miejskich koszty zużycia paliwa (47 %). Jednostkowe koszty transportu odpadów z terenów wiejskich wynoszą średnio 187 zł.Mg-1 (44 €.Mg-1) i są wyższe o około 50 zł.Mg-1 (12 €.Mg-1) w stosunku do kosztów transportu odpadów z terenów miejskich. Wpływ na wyższe jednostkowe koszty transportu odpadów na terenach wiejskich ma przede wszystkim specyfika tych obszarów tj. urozmaicona rzeźba terenu, rozproszenie zabudowy i związana z tym konieczność dojeżdżania do posesji oddalonych od głównej drogi, stan nawierzchni drogowej, a także niskie wartości wskaźników masowego i objętościowego nagromadzenia zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych. Na wysoki jednostkowy koszt zbierania transportu odpadów na terenach wiejskich wpływają także większe koszty wynagrodzenia, związane z dłuższym czasem pracy załóg operacyjnych. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, iż istnieje statystycznie istotna zależność pomiędzy kosztami jednostkowymi transportu odpadów a średnią masą odpadów przewożonych w jednym kursie (R = – 0,85) oraz średnim zużyciem paliwa (R = 0,78). Średnie zużycie paliwa (ON) w przeliczeniu na 1 Mg zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych na terenach wiejskich wynosi około 12,1 dm3.Mg-1 i jest ono wyższe niż na terenach miejskich średnio o 3 dm3.Mg-1. Różnice w zużyciu paliwa, jak i kosztach jednostkowych zbiórki i transportu odpadów z terenów wiejskich i miejskich są statystycznie istotne.
Transport and collection costs of mixed municipal solid waste (MSW), have the largest share in the costs structure of municipal waste management. This paper reports the transport costs analysis of MSW collected from the Krakow city and the 20 municipalities bordering the main town of Małopolska Region. There were 6 selected vehicles (garbage trucks) analyzed with similar work characteristics. These vehicles belong to private enterprises dealing with the waste transport. Analyzed data are from the period from June 2010 to June 2013. The largest share in the structure of the waste transport and collection have fuel costs (37 %) and salaries (40 %). Other costs and enterprises profit represent 23 % of the total transport costs. At the rural areas, the largest share in the costs structure have the salary (44 %), while at the urban area the cost of fuel (47 %). The average unit cost of waste transport and collection from rural areas amount is 187 zł.Mg-1 (44 €.Mg-1) and is higher by 50 zł.Mg-1 (12 €.Mg-1) in relation to the cost of waste transport from the urban areas. The impact on the higher unit costs of waste transport in the rural areas have varied topographic features, scattered housing (need to commute to the property remoted from the main road), road surface condition and the low values of mass and volume accumulation of MSW. High unit cost of waste transport and collection in the rural areas is also associated with the higher salaries (longer operating time of vehicles’ crews). Furthermore there is a statistically significant dependence between the unit costs of waste transport and the average weight of transported waste in one course (R = – 0.85) and average fuel consumption (R = 0.78). Average fuel consumption (Diesel) per 1 Mg of MSW in rural areas is about 12.1 dm3.Mg-1 and it is higher than in urban areas by an average of 3 dm3.Mg-1. Differences in fuel consumption and unit costs of waste transport and collection from urban and rural areas are statistically significant.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2014, IV/2
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Feasibility of municipal solid waste (MSW) as energy sources for Saudi Arabia’s future Reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants
Autorzy:
Agboola, P. O.
Saleh, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
reverse osmosis
energy content
waste to energy
water
Opis:
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) generates between 1.4–1.75 kg/person/day of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) that accounts for over 16 million tons of MSW/year. The solid waste collected from different sources is dumped in landfills, thereby creating environmental concerns. In this paper, the potential of solid waste as an energy source (Waste to Energy (WTE)) for Reverse Osmosis (RO) water purification was evaluated. The KSA is known for its acute fresh water shortages and uses desalination technology in meeting its daily water requirements; a process that is energy intensive. The evaluation of the energy content of MSW shows a potential to produce about 927 MW in 2015, based on a total mass burn, and about 1,692 MW in 2032. The MSW-WTE plants can produce about 1.5% of the targeted 120 GW of energy for 2032. For the R.O system, it will give approximately 16.8% of the daily fresh water needed for total mass burn and 2.4% with the recycling option.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2016, 18, 4; 82-89
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the undersize fraction temperature changes during the biostabilization process
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
undersize fraction
biostabilization
Opis:
Mixed municipal solid waste collected from the area of each Polish district (commune) is transferred to Regional Installations for Municipal Solid Waste Treatment. They comprise one or more of the following facilities: installations for mechanical-biological waste treatment (MBT), installations for thermal treatment of municipal solid waste, green waste composting plants and landfill sites. MBT installations have been currently the dominant technology of mixed municipal solid waste treatment in Poland. In these installations mixed waste is subjected to mechanical processes (including: crushing, separation, screening and classification) resulting in the production of the undersize fraction with usual grain size below 80mm and the oversize fraction with grain size over 80mm. Because of the necessity of stabilization and hygenization of the undersize fraction prior to landfilling, it is subjected to the process of biological treatment, e.g. biostabilization. The main aim of the research was to analyze the temperature changes during the biostabilization of the undersized fraction in thermally insulated BKB100 laboratory bioreactor. The research covered a 14-day period of the intensive phase. The analyses were performed in 6 replications. 40.1±2.2kg of waste with density of 519.2±27.5kgˑm-3 and the biodegradable fraction content of 41.9±1.9% was placed in the reactor. The temperature of waste inside the reactor was measured by 9 Pt 1000 temperature sensors. The air for the process was constantly supplied from the outside of the reactor. Flow of the supplied air with temperature of 18.3±3.1°C was regulated depending on the average indication of all temperature sensors. Results of the temperature measurements were averaged and showed using Golden Software Surfer 7. As a result of the conducted research it was found that changes in the temperature inside the bioreactor occurred uniformly throughout its full volume. The time of reaching the temperature of 45°C (the beginning of thermophilic phase) was 25.6±4.0 hours (21 hours at the earliest). During the first period the temperature in the reactor was increasing most intensively in the lower parts of the layer, in the central part of the layer the temperature reached 45°C after 34 hours at the earliest, whereas on average it took 47.7±9.9 hours. The average maximum process temperature was 64.8±3.5°C.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/3; 1773-1784
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermographic evaluation of CaO additive on the process of waste hygienization
Autorzy:
Famielec, S.
Gliniak, M.
Kapjor, A.
Łukasiewicz, M.
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
CaO
Municipal Solid Waste
hygienization
thermography
Opis:
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is the mixture of many waste types, including organic waste (garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste, paper and cardboard etc.). Such waste creates a living environment for various microorganism species, many of which are known as pathogenic. The presence of microorganisms in favorable conditions (pH, organic matter content, carbon content, moisture, appropriate granulation) leads to decomposing of organic matter, which is accompanied by an increase in temperature. Microorganisms in waste pose a serious risk for staff operating at waste treatment plants. Moreover, heat released by their activity may cause a fire in waste storage facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to search for methods of waste stabilization and hygienization. The most commonly applied technology for waste stabilization is its processing in Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plants. Such treatment is capital – and timeconsuming, however. Waste liming can become an alternative method for stabilization and hygienization of waste. Lime addition is one of the oldest method known by humans for hygienization of certain waste materials, such as animal waste. Currently, liming is applied in sewage sludge treatment as one of the initial operations and is necessary for further sludge management processes. The aim of the research was to valuate temperature changes during mixed MSW hygienization process with CaO addition in the amount of several percent by using a thermographic camera. The reaction of CaO with waste is short and lasts no longer than 20 minutes. The maximal temperatures were reached after 65-124 seconds from the time of CaO addition. The most dynamic increase in temperature were observed up to approx. 120th second of the process, with the rate dependent on the initial moisture of the material. The observed pH values indicate that the maximal dose of CaO additive should not exceed 3%. Such a dose is sufficient for waste to reach pH 12, which, according to literature, guarantees the deactivation of microorganisms.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/4; 1857-1865
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metody oznaczania reprezentatywnego składu morfologicznego zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych
The methods of determination of representative municipal solid waste morphological composition
Autorzy:
Kiprian, K.
Łach, P.
Nolepa, A.
Siemiątkowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych
Tematy:
odpad komunalny
skład morfologiczny
metoda oznaczania
municipal waste
morphological composition
determination method
Opis:
Skład odpadów komunalnych zależy od wielu czynników, z których najważniejsze to miejsce powstania oraz standard życia. Celem pracy było przeprowadzenie badań i porównanie dwóch metod oznaczania składu morfologicznego odpadów komunalnych stałych oraz określenie jak wielkość próbki badanego materiału wpływa na dokładność uzyskanych wyników. Badania wykonywane były na podstawie dwóch zalecanych w Polsce metod. Pierwsza to PN-93/Z-15006 – Oznaczenie składu morfologicznego stałych odpadów komunalnych. Druga to metoda opisana w opracowaniu A. Jędrczaka i R. Szpadta, „Określenie metodyki badań składu sitowego, morfologicznego i chemicznego odpadów komunalnych”. Z przeprowadzonych badań składu morfologicznego zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych wynika, że bardziej wiarygodne wyniki uzyskano dla próbki o masie ok. 100 kg.
The morphological composition of municipal waste depends on many factors, which the most important are generation place and life standard. The aim of the study was to conduct test and comparison of two methods for determining the morphological composition of municipal solid waste and show whether the quantity of tested material has a significant influence on the accuracy of the results. The test were made by using two methods preferred in Poland. The first is PN-93/Z-15006: „Determination of municipal solid waste (MSW) morphological composition”. The second is a method described by Jędrczak and Szpadt in paper: „Description of methodology of sieve analysis, morphological and chemical composition of municipal solid waste”. The outcome of conducted tests of MSW morphological composition show that most reliable results were obtained by using a 100 kg sample.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych; 2016, R. 9, nr 26, 26; 61-71
1899-3230
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A GIS and AHP-based approach to determine potential locations of municipal solid waste collection points in rural areas
Autorzy:
Malinowski, Mateusz
Guzdek, Sylwia
Petryk, Agnieszka
Tomaszek, Klaudia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
analytical hierarchy process
AHP
Geographic Information System
GIS
rural areas
waste collection
Opis:
Municipal solid waste collection points (MSWCPs) are places where residents of municipalities can leave their waste free of charge. MSWCPs should operate in every municipality in Poland. The Geographic Information System (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were used in conjunction as tools to determine potential locations of MSWCPs. Due to possible social conflicts related to the location of MSWCPs, three variants of buffer zones for a residential area were adopted. As a result of the spatial analysis carried out using the GIS software, 247 potential locations were identified in variant no. 1 (which accounted for 7.1% of commune area), 167 for variant no. 2 (6.3% of commune area), and 88 for variant no. 3 (3.8% of commune area). The most favourable locations for MSWCPs were determined using the AHP method with additional criteria for which weights were calculated as follows: the area of a designated plot (0.045), actual designation of a plot in the local spatial development plan (0.397), distance from the centre of the village (0.096) and the commune (0.231), and population density of a village (0.231). The highest weights (over 50%) in the AHP analysis were obtained for 12 locations in variant no. 3, two of which had an area over 3 ha. The adopted methodology enabled to identify quasi-optimal solutions for MSWCP locations in the analysed rural commune. This research has the potential to influence future waste management policies by assisting stakeholders In the MSWCP location.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 51; 94-101
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of morphological composition of wastes deposited on illegal dumping sites located in the area of Olsztyn district
Autorzy:
Ciura, D.
Łukasiewicz, M.
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
illegal dumping sites
Opis:
Generated wastes require space and financial outlays on their proper storage and processing, whereas the lack of means usually leads to depositing wastes in places not meant for this purpose. Illegal dumping sites still emerge, despite introducing in Poland the obligatory (common) fee for collection and management of wastes and the obligatory establishing the Selective Waste Collection Points in each district. The aim of the work was conducting a detailed inventory of illegal dumping sites in the area of Olsztyn district (situated in the Silesia province, on the Krakow-Częstochowa Upland) and indicting the morphological composition of the wastes deposited in these places. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the morphological composition of illegal landfill sites situated in the analyzed district. The investigations located 28 illegal dumping sites, despite the fact that a Selective Municipal Waste Collection Point operates in the district area. The analysis of location, area, mass and composition of the wastes was conducted for each illegal landfill, according to the methodology developed for this purpose. Over a half of the illegal dumping sites was situated in the forest and on 4 of them the estimated mass of dumped waste exceeded 1Mg. Debris constitutes the highest proportion (21.8%) of the waste morphological composition. Recyclable wastes, i.e. glass, plastics, paper and cardboard, used electronic and electric equipment dominated in the morphological composition of wastes on small landfills, situated close to buildings (less than 250m) and had the smallest area (below 1m2 ). The share of debris and construction wastes was growing with increasing landfill area.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/1; 1301-1315
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Performance Assessment of Different Fluids in a Typical Organic Rankine Cycle for Usage in Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant
Autorzy:
Özahi, E.
Tozlu, A.
Abuşoğlu, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031184.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
organic Rankine cycle
waste to energy
energy and exergy analyses
Opis:
This paper presents the energy and exergy analyses of some different organic fluids which can be used in an organic Rankine cycle adapted to a municipal solid waste power plant in the frame of energy recovery. The novelty of the study is to adapt a well-known organic Rankine cycle system theoretically to the existing municipal solid waste power plant where the exhaust gas with a temperature of almost 560°C is sent to atmosphere causing both energy loss and air pollution, and also violating the related legislation. The efficient organic fluid that can be used in such a plant is estimated by means of the thermodynamic analyses. It is known that, in a typical municipal solid waste power plant, a considerable amount of energy is sent up from a plant chimney to the atmosphere. This waste energy can be utilized by using an adapted organic Rankine cycle system with a proper organic fluid. In this frame, some different organic fluids were examined and compared thermodynamically in this study. The optimal operation conditions of some organic fluids, R141b, isobutane, R245fa, n-pentane and n-hexane have been evaluated by means of ASPEN and EES software programs. The effects of the outlet temperature of heat source on the energetic and exergetic efficiencies and the net power output at a given pinch point temperature difference were investigated. It can be deduced from the analyses that n-hexane has the highest energetic and exergetic efficiencies at all outlet temperatures of the heat source such as 8.92% and 34.47% at 82.08°C, respectively. It can also be stated that the maximum net power output is obtained by using the organic fluid n-hexane.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 807-812
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the use of EWA bioreactor in the process of biodrying of undersize fraction manufactured from mixed municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Hurka, M.
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/61276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
assessment
EWA bioreactor
bioreactor
drying process
biodrying
municipal solid waste
waste treatment
Opis:
The article presents the results of a research on the processing of undersize fraction, extracted from a stream of mixed municipal solid waste (MSW), into alternative fuel, in the process of bio-drying. The analysis was conducted with the use of an innovative EWA (Ecological Waste Apparatus) bioreactor adapted to carrying out aerobic treatment of waste in such processes as: composting, aerobic digestion/stabilization and bio-drying of waste. EWA bioreactors have been designed and manufactured by AGRO-EKO spol. s r.o. from the Czech Republic. The subject matter of the analysis was undersize fraction, with particle dimensions ranging from 0 to 50 mm, manufactured in the process of sorting (mechanical processing) of MSW. The main aim of the research was to assess suitability of the use of EWA bioreactor in the process of alternative fuel production from undersize fraction developed from municipal waste (in the process of accelerated bio-drying). Samples were collected between 2011 and 2012. The undersize fraction and the produced alternative fuel were analysed by AGRO-EKO spol. s r.o. and at the University of Agriculture in Krakow, in accordance with the standards for wastes and solid fuels. It has been concluded that undersize fraction produced from mixed municipal waste might be the energy source for cement plants or commercial power plants. As a result of a 66-hour accelerated process of bio-drying of undersize fraction (the standard time being ca. 7 days), the waste-mass has been lowered by reducing water content (moisture) in undersize fraction by ca. 15 % while increasing its calorific value and the C:N ratio. The process resulted in the increase of non-combustible and non-biodegradable elements. The high C:N ratio and the amount of organic substances at the level of 78 % should enable further aerobic and anaerobic stabilization preceded by substance moisturizing.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2014, IV/1
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recykling energetyczny odpadów komunalnych frakcji RDF metodą pirolizy ciągłej
Energy recycling of RDF fraction of municipal solid waste by continuous pyrolysis
Autorzy:
Malinowski, A.
Chwiałkowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
piroliza
RDF
stałe odpady komunalne
gaz pirolityczny
pyrolysis
municipal solid waste
pyrolysis gas
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań procesów pirolizy odpadów komunalnych frakcji RDF metodą pirolizy ciągłej. Badaniom poddano próbki RDF lekkiego (folie) oraz RDF ciężkiego (odpady opakowaniowe). Proces pirolizy ciągłej prowadzono w temperaturze 850°C, w pilotażowym reaktorze pirolitycznym wyposażonym w spiralę grzejną. Podczas badań określono skład gazu pirolitycznego oraz bilans masowy produktów pirolizy. Uzyskano gaz pirolityczny o wartości opałowej około 13 MJ/m3 i zawartości CH4 około 20%obj. oraz H2 na poziomie ponad 16%obj. Wyniki badań wskazują na możliwość skojarzenia procesu pirolizy odpadów komunalnych z recyklingiem energetycznym i zastosowaniem gazu pirolitycznego jako alternatywnego źródła energii wykorzystywanego do produkcji energii elektrycznej. Uzyskany gaz pirolityczny może być alternatywnym paliwem do zasilania turbiny gazowej lub wykorzystany w kogeneracji zamiast gazu ziemnego.
This paper presents results from continuous pyrolysis process of RDF fraction from municipal waste. Samples used in this research were light RDF (plastic films) and heavy RDF (packaging waste). Pyrolysis process was performed inside a pilot pyrolysis reactor equipped with a heating screw in temperature of 850°C. Experiment allowed to determine a chemical composition of pyrolysis gas and mass balance of pyrolysis products. Lower heating value of pyrolysis gas was about 13 MJ/m3 , content of CH4 was about 20%vol and H2 was over 16%vol. Research results indicate possibility to combine the pyrolysis process of solid municipal waste with energy recycling and waste-to-energy system by using pyrolysis gas as renewable energy source for electricity production. Produced pyrolysis gas can be used, instead of natural gas, as an alternative fuel to power a gas turbine or cogeneration unit.
Źródło:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology; 2017, 20; 27-33
2083-7097
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the impact of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash used as partial cement replacement in cement mixture using bioassays
Autorzy:
Fialová, Jarmila
Hybská, Helena
Samešová, Dagmar
Lobotková, Martina
Veverková, Darina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
waste
ecotoxicity tests
use
MSWI bottom ash
cement replacement
Opis:
The paper is focused on the research of ecotoxicological properties of mortar prisms produced with partial cement replacement by ash from energy recovery of municipal waste. Two types of ash were used: ash from incineration and ash from municipal waste gasification. According to the Waste Catalogue, ash is considered other waste, which is non-hazardous and nowadays it is predominantly landfilled. Negative results of standardized biotests are inevitable precondition for the use of ash for construction products. The results from both biotests (acute toxicity test on aquatic organisms Daphnia magna and growth inhibition test of higher cultivated plants Sinapis alba) confirmed suitability of cement replacement by ash from energy recovery of municipal waste. Environmental safety of produced mortar prisms is different. Recommended replacement of cement with ash, obtained from municipal waste gasification, is 10% and with ash gained from incineration is 15%. The use of this type of waste in construction industry will lead to the decrease of landfilled waste. Due to the replacement of cement with waste (from industrial branches) natural resources of raw materials used in the process of cement production are saved.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2019, 45, 4; 104-113
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metrological Aspects of Controlling the Rotational Movement Parameters of the Auger for Dewatering Solid Waste in a Garbage Truck
Autorzy:
Wójcik, Waldemar
Bereziuk, Oleh V.
Lemeshev, Mykhailo S.
Bohachuk, Volodymyr V.
Polishchuk, Leonid K.
Bezsmertna, Oksana
Smailova, Saule
Kurmagazhanova, Saule
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
dehydration
auger
measuring
digital control
Opis:
In the article, a device for measuring the parameters of the rotational movement of the auger for dewatering solid waste is proposed based on the analysis of signal processing methods and measurement of physical quantities. It can be used in the development of high-performance special vehicles for transporting waste as the main link in the structure of machines for the collection and primary processing of solid waste. The structural scheme of the means and block diagram of the microcontroller control program algorithm for implementation of the device for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion are proposed. The main technical characteristics of the proposed means are given. The results of experimental tests for measuring the parameters of rotational motion are shown. The results of experimental studies, which are given in the work, confirmed the reliability of the measured parameters.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 2; 233--238
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Air-Flow Rate and Biochar Addition on the Oxygen Concentration in Waste and Emitted Gases During Biostabilization of Undersized Fraction from Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
biochar
intensive phase
biostabilization
oxygen concentration
Opis:
Mechanical biological treatment of waste is still one of the most popular methods for mixed municipal waste treatment. The result of mechanical processing of waste is sorting out: the undersized fraction from municipal solid waste (UFMSW) with granulation below 80 mm, rich in biodegradable organic waste (mainly including food waste, paper, wood, etc.). UFMSW is treated in biological processes in order to reduce the negative environmental effect of this waste. Unfortunately, the processing is not neutral to the environment. The correct course of the aerobic biostabilization process depends on the activity of microorganisms, the intensity of aeration, and the oxygen content in the processed waste. The aim of this paper was to analyze the effect of air-flow rate and biochar addition on the oxygen concentration in waste and in emitted gases during the intensive phase of UFMSW biostabilization. The study was performed under laboratory conditions. Six different variants of the process (without biochar addition and using 1.5; 3; 5; 10 and 20% of biochar addition) were applied. Subsequent replicates were conducted using an averaged air-flow rate of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 m3∙d-1∙kg dm.org-1. As a result of the conducted experiments, it was found that both the air-flow rate and the addition of biochar have a significant effect on the oxygen concentration in the treatment waste, as well as its content in the outlet air. Using the highest air-flow rate resulted in the oxygen content not decreasing below 14%, both in the free spaces between the waste and in the emitted gases, while the addition of biochar significantly reduced the oxygen concentration. In the case of lower air-flow rate values, the oxygen content decreased even below 5%. It was found that a high addition of biochar (10 and 20% by weight) at the lowest air-flow rate resulted in the occurrence of anaerobic zones in waste in the first days of the intensive process (between days 2 and 6 of the process), as well as absence of oxygen in the outlet air (between days 2 and 4 of the process). Despite this, no methane (biogas) emissions were found in any of the conducted experiments.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 6; 136-144
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Air-Flow Rate and Biochar Addition on the Oxygen Concentration in Waste and Emitted Gases During Biostabilization of Undersized Fraction from Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838370.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
biochar
intensive phase
biostabilization
oxygen concentration
Opis:
Mechanical biological treatment of waste is still one of the most popular methods for mixed municipal waste treatment. The result of mechanical processing of waste is sorting out: the undersized fraction from municipal solid waste (UFMSW) with granulation below 80 mm, rich in biodegradable organic waste (mainly including food waste, paper, wood, etc.). UFMSW is treated in biological processes in order to reduce the negative environmental effect of this waste. Unfortunately, the processing is not neutral to the environment. The correct course of the aerobic biostabilization process depends on the activity of microorganisms, the intensity of aeration, and the oxygen content in the processed waste. The aim of this paper was to analyze the effect of air-flow rate and biochar addition on the oxygen concentration in waste and in emitted gases during the intensive phase of UFMSW biostabilization. The study was performed under laboratory conditions. Six different variants of the process (without biochar addition and using 1.5; 3; 5; 10 and 20% of biochar addition) were applied. Subsequent replicates were conducted using an averaged air-flow rate of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 m3∙d-1∙kg dm.org-1. As a result of the conducted experiments, it was found that both the air-flow rate and the addition of biochar have a significant effect on the oxygen concentration in the treatment waste, as well as its content in the outlet air. Using the highest air-flow rate resulted in the oxygen content not decreasing below 14%, both in the free spaces between the waste and in the emitted gases, while the addition of biochar significantly reduced the oxygen concentration. In the case of lower air-flow rate values, the oxygen content decreased even below 5%. It was found that a high addition of biochar (10 and 20% by weight) at the lowest air-flow rate resulted in the occurrence of anaerobic zones in waste in the first days of the intensive process (between days 2 and 6 of the process), as well as absence of oxygen in the outlet air (between days 2 and 4 of the process). Despite this, no methane (biogas) emissions were found in any of the conducted experiments.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 6; 136-144
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza możliwości wykorzystania procesów mechanicznych w segregacji odpadów komunalnych
An assessment of potentials for using mechanical processes in municipal solid waste sorting
Autorzy:
Ligus, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1219438.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego. Zakład Wydawniczy CHEMPRESS-SITPChem
Tematy:
procesy mechaniczne
segregacja
odpady komunalne
mechanical processes
segregation
municipal waste
Opis:
W artykule przybliżono podstawowe procesy mechaniczne mogące być wykorzystane w systemach gospodarowania zmieszanymi odpadami komunalnymi, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich umiejscowienia w funkcjonowaniu zakładów zagospodarowania odpadów. Przedstawiono możliwości wydzielenia frakcji odpadów z przeznaczeniem do recyklingu lub odzysku ciepła, scharakteryzowano poszczególne urządzenia oraz procesy wykorzystywane w ciągu technologicznym mechanicznej sortowni odpadów. Przedstawiono również przykładowe zmaszynowanie zakładu zagospodarowania odpadów, zbudowanego w oparciu o techniki sortowania mechanicznego.
The paper brought closer to the basic mechanical processes that can be used in systems of mixed municipal waste management, with particular emphasis on their location in the functioning of waste management plants. The possibilities of separation of waste fractions for recycling or recovery of heat, characterized the various devices and processes used in the technology of mechanical sorting of waste. The article also presents examples of waste mechanization management plant, built on the basis of a mechanical sorting techniques.
Źródło:
Chemik; 2011, 65, 11; 1161-1168
0009-2886
Pojawia się w:
Chemik
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of the Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant in Warsaw on Air Quality
Wpływ spalarni odpadów komunalnych w Warszawie na jakość powietrza
Autorzy:
Oleniacz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
spalanie
spalarnia odpadów
piec rusztowy
emisja zanieczyszczeń
ocena oddziaływania
jakość powietrza
modelowanie dyspersji w atmosferze
municipal solid waste
incineration
MSWI
full-scale incinerator
grate furnace
air pollutant emission
air quality
impact assessment
atmospheric dispersion modeling
Opis:
Jedyna polska spalarnia odpadów komunalnych jest eksploatowana na terenie Zakładu Unieszkodliwiania Stałych Odpadów Komunalnych (ZUSOK) w Warszawie od roku 2000. W pracy przedstawiono wybrane wyniki oceny wpływu tej spalarni na jakość powietrza w jednorocznym okresie jej funkcjonowania (rok 2008), który można uznać za typowy dla tego zakładu pod względem ilości spalanych odpadów i emisji substancji zanieczyszczających. Ocena jej oddziaływania na jakość powietrza opiera się na porównaniu poziomów emisji zanieczyszczeń do powietrza z odpowiednimi standardami emisyjnymi i modelowaniu dyspersji wybranych substancji w powietrzu atmosferycznym. Wykazano, że spalarnia odpadów komunalnych w Warszawie jest mało istotnym źródłem zanieczyszczeń emitowanych do powietrza i powoduje nieznaczne jego zanieczyszczenie w zasięgu swojego oddziaływania. Planowana w następnych latach rozbudowa tej spalarni powodująca kilkukrotne zwiększenie jej zdolności przerobowej przy dalszym dotrzymywaniu standardów emisyjnych również nie powinna spowodować istotnego pogorszenia jakości powietrza atmosferycznego.
The only Polish municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator has been operating within the Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Plant in Warsaw since 2000. In the paper selected results of the air quality impact assessment for this incinerator during an operating period of one year (2008) are presented. With respect to the incinerated waste amounts and emission levels, the analysed period can be considered typical for this facility. Assessment of the air quality impact was carried out by assessing air pollutant emissions in reference to the applicable emission limit values and by modeling atmospheric dispersion of these pollutants. It has been found that the MSW incineration plant in Warsaw is an insignificant air pollutant source and causes slight air pollution within its impact range. Pollutant concentrations caused in the atmosphere are many times lower than the permissible substance levels and reference values valid for a given substance. Planned as a result of the expansion of the incineration plant, the increase in its processing capacity while continuing to meet the emission standards should also not cause a significant impact on air quality.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2014, 8, 4; 25-42
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of the Amount of Fees for the Collection and Management of Municipal Waste on the Percentage of Selectively Collected Waste
Autorzy:
Petryk, Agnieszka
Malinowski, Mateusz
Dziewulska, Magdalena
Guzdek, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
waste management
waste collection
waste management fee
Opis:
The changes in the waste management system that have been introduced in Europe and in the world were aimed at counteracting the emergence of illegal dumping sites and increasing the levels of waste recovery and recycling, so that waste management remains in line with the principles of sustainable development and circular economy. The change introduced in 2013 in the municipal waste management system in Poland concerned the assumption of full responsibility by municipalities for the municipal waste collected from owners of residential properties, as well as the establishment and organization of a charging system for residents for the collection and management of the waste. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of fees paid by residents of 93 selected communes of the Lubelskie Province. The study examined the impact of the amount of fees for the waste collection and management on the share of households declaring selective municipal waste collection, the share of selectively collected waste, and the mass accumulation rate of municipal waste. As a result of the analysis conducted using the data from the years 2013–2016, it was revealed that the amount of fees for the collection and management of waste in households that sorted waste contributed significantly to the increase in the percentage of selectively collected waste. Similarly, the smaller the value of the ratio of rates for sorted and mixed waste, the greater the segregation efficiency. This indicates that in the case of the analyzed region, the lower fee charged for sorting waste was an incentive for residents to sort waste.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 10; 46-53
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biologiczne suszenie osadów ściekowych i odpadów stałych w reaktorze okresowym
Biological drying of sewage sludge and municipal solid waste in a horizontal tubular reactor
Autorzy:
Zawadzka, A.
Krzystek, L.
Stolarek, P.
Ledakowicz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2071100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
biologiczne suszenie
frakcja organiczna odpadów
stałe odpady komunalne
biological drying
organic fraction
municipal solid waste
biofuel
Opis:
W przeprowadzonych seriach badawczych procesu biologicznego suszenia mieszaniny organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych oraz osadów ściekowych uzyskano 50% usunięcie wilgoci zawartej w masie odpadów. Autotermiczne biosuszenie materii organicznej o wysokiej początkowej zawartości wilgoci (powyżej 800 g-kg'1) umożliwiło otrzymanie wysuszonego materiału o wartości opałowej ok. 14,7 kJ/g i cieple spalania ok. 16,0 kJ/g. Przeprowadzone badania pirolizy i zgazowania potwierdziły, że otrzymany produkt jest dobrym biopaliwem o interesującej zawartości energii.
In the performed experiments dealing with the organic fraction biological drying of municipal solid wastes and sewage sludge, 50% removal of moisture content in waste was obtained. Autothermal biodrying of organic matter of high initial moisture content (more than 800 g-kg "') enabled one to obtain dried material of calorific value of about 14.7 kj/g and heat of combustion of about 16.0 kJ/g. Pyrolysis and gasification tests of dried waste confirmed the material usefulness as biofuel of good energy content.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2010, 3; 121-122
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the microbiological contamination of air in a municipal solid waste treatment company
Ocena zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego powietrza na terenie zakładu przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych
Autorzy:
Wolny-Koładka, K.
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/388218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
microbiological aerosol
air
municipal solid waste
aerozol mikrobiologiczny
powietrze
odpady komunalne
Opis:
The subject of the study is the analysis of the number of microorganisms forming a microbiological aerosol in a municipal solid waste treatment plant in Krakow. The storage time of mixed municipal solid waste in the plant hall is 6–48 hours and the storage time of the produced alternative fuel is within the range of 12–96 hours. 18 employees work in the three shift system in the sorting facility. The air for research was sampled using a MAS-100 impactor (Merck, Switzerland) in three locations within the plant, four times within a year to assess the effect of meteorological conditions (temperature, humidity and dustiness) on the number of selected groups of microorganisms. It was found that the number of microorganisms changes with seasons and depends on the meteorological conditions as well as the air sampling location. Since the border values of bioaerosol concentration were exceeded, further research is required to assess the changes in the number of microorganisms with potential negative impact on human health.
Celem pracy była analiza liczebności drobnoustrojów stanowiących biaerozol mikrobiologiczny na terenie zakładu zajmującego się przetwarzaniem odpadów komunalnych w Krakowie. Czas magazynowania zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych w hali zakładu wynosi 6–48 godzin, natomiast czas magazynowania wytworzonego z nich paliwa alternatywnego zawiera się w przedziale 12–96 godzin. W sortowni pracuje 18 osób na 3 zmianach. Powietrze do badań pobierano z użyciem impaktora MAS-100 (Merck, Szwajcaria) w trzech punktach zlokalizowanych na terenie przedsiębiorstwa, cztery razy w roku, aby ocenić wpływ warunków meteorologicznych, tj. temperatura, wilgotność oraz zapylenie na liczebność wybranych grup drobnoustrojów. Stwierdzono, że liczebność badanych mikroorganizmów podlega zmianom sezonowym i jest uzależniona od warunków meteorologicznych oraz punktu poboru powietrza. Ponieważ wartości graniczne dotyczące stężenia bioaerozolu zostały przekroczone, konieczne jest prowadzenie dalszych badań, których celem będzie ocena zmian liczebności drobnoustrojów mogących negatywnie oddziaływać na zdrowie ludzi.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2015, 22, 2; 175-183
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Migration of Hazardous Components of Municipal Landfill Leachates into the Environment
Autorzy:
Popovych, Vasyl
Telak, Jerzy
Telak, Oksana
Malovanyy, Myroslav
Yakovchuk, Roman
Popovych, Nataliya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124784.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
hydrosphere
physical properties
chemical properties
leachates
water pollution
municipal solid waste
Opis:
The research on the physical and chemical properties of landfill leachates and migration of its hazardous components into hydrosphere and biosphere is a current problem in the global context. The object of the research is landscape-changing factors of the Lviv municipal landfill (Ukraine). It was defined that the largest part of oil products accumulates in the leachates at the south-western side of the landfill (23.6 mg/dm3) and it is 2.36 times higher than the value of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) (10 mg/dm3); the most saline leachates with chlorides and sulfites are those accumulating at the foot and at the northwestern side; the phosphate content of the investigated leachate samples was the highest at the foot of the landfill and amounted to 12.8 mg/dm3, which exceeds the MPC (10 mg/dm3) by 1.28 times; high concentration of ammonium nitride was discovered in the leachates at the foot (76.1 mg/dm3) and at the northwestern side (46.3 mg/dm3), which exceeds the MPC (30 mg/dm3) by 2.53 and 1.54 times, respectively; the highest indicators of total iron are typical for basins nearby (at the foot – 68.2 mg/dm3, at the northwestern side – 56.3 mg/dm3) and exceed the MPC norms (2.5 mg/dm3) by 27.28 and 22.52 times, respectively. According to certain indicators, the content of hazardous components in the leachates, which accumulate at the foot and at the northwestern side, exceeds the MPC and is several times higher than in the natural basins at the distance of 800 and 1200 m.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 1; 52-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of energy recovery potential and environmental impact of Tirana landfill gas
Autorzy:
Alcani, M.
Dorri, A.
Maraj, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
biogas
landfill
methane
municipal solid waste
biogaz
składowisko
metan
odpady komunalne
Opis:
Due to a very high percentage of organic matter in municipal solid waste (47.36%) and in total percentage of biodegradable matter (62.3%), organic waste disposed is the main source of methane emissions into the air in Albania. Capture, collection and utilization of landfill gas in an energy project leads to economic, health and environmental benefits. Energy recovery potential and methane emissions from Tirana landfill have been studied. This site is scheduled to be closed after 6 or 7 years. The evaluation has been done using LandGEM Colombia Model, version 1.0, as an international LFG Modeling. The model predicted the time of peak production in 2019, one year after assumed site closure. The total annual peak of predicted methane recovery from landfill within the study time frame was estimated to be 2950 m3/h and a maximum of power plant capacity 8.3 MW.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 3; 117-128
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka zmiany jakości odcieków w czasie eksploatacji wybranych składowisk komunalnych
Characteristics of the change quality of the leachates during exploitation of the selected municipal landfills
Autorzy:
Czop, M.
Luber, A. D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357232.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
landfill
landfill leachate
odpady komunalne
składowisko
odcieki składowiskowe
Opis:
The article is presenteds changes in the quality of the leachates which come from typical municipal landfills during their use. Samples of leachates have been collected to test in selected landfills located within the area of Silesian Voivodeship. Presented article describes differences in quality between leachates from landfills of different exploitation time and tries to identify reasons why the changes occurred.
W artykule przedstawiono zmiany jakościowe odcieków pochodzących z typowych składowisk odpadów komunalnych w czasie ich eksploatacji. Badane odcieki zostały pobrane z wybranych składowisk, zlokalizowanych na terenie województwa śląskiego. W przedstawionym artykule opisano jakościowe różnice pomiędzy odciekami pochodzącymi ze składowisk o różnym czasie eksploatacji.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2015, 17, 4; 115-126
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biologiczne suszenie mieszaniny masy pofermentacyjnej z biogazowni i organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych
Biodrying of digested sludge and organic fraction of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Domińczyk-Kuderko, A.
Krzystek, L.
Ledakowicz, S.
Pogoda, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
biosuszenie
materia organiczna
masa pofermentacyjna
wartość opałowa
biodrying
organic matter
digested sludge
calorific value
Opis:
W pracy zbadano możliwości zagospodarowania mieszaniny masy pofermentacyjnej podchodzącej z produkcji biogazu oraz frakcji organicznej stałych odpadów komunalnych w procesie biologicznego suszenia. Stwierdzono, że proces biosuszenia umożliwił ponad 60% usunięcie wilgoci z odpadów, których początkowa wilgotność wynosiła od 500 do 600 g×kg-1. Podczas procesu temperatura biomasy osiągnęła wartość ok. 54°C. Produkt końcowy charakteryzował się wysokimi wartościami ciepła spalania oraz wartości opałowej (około 14,85 i 13,61 kJּg-1).
The aim of this study was to investigate possibility of management of waste originated from the production of biogas (digested sludge)mixed with an organic fraction of municipal solid waste in the process of biological drying. Autothermal drying process resulted in greater then 60% reduction of moisture of organic wastes with the initial moisture content of about 600 g×kg-1. During the biodrying process, the temperature of waste mass reached a value of about 54°C. The high values of both combustion heat and high calorific values of about 14.85 and 13,61 kJּg-1 respectively were obtained.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2015, 4; 150--151
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Анализ Эколого-Экономической Эфективности Существующих Способов Утилизации Твердых Бытовых Отходов
Analysis Of Ecological And Economic Efficiency Of Existing Ways Of Utilization Of Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Voloshyn, Oleksandr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/476321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
utilization
incineration
biothermal composting
pyrolysis
plasma gasification
ecological efficiency
economic efficiency
Opis:
Nowadays, achieving of sustainable development became impossible without effective, both from an environmental and from an economic view, solution of the problem of recycling of solid waste. The paper gives an overview of the ecological and economic efficiency of the main existing methods for utilization of solid domestic waste, namely, incineration in combustion plants, biothermal composting, pyrolysis, plasma gasification, use of combined methods. The essence of the widespread methods of utilization of solid domestic waste, their scope. The main drawbacks of the existing methods of solid domestic waste utilization were also outlined: such incineration in combustion plants is the most appropriate from the economic point of view, but poorly solves the problem of environmental pollution, because a significant part of harmful substances do not burn at temperatures used in incineration plants and the process is accompanied by a significant amount of emissions of harmful substances and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere; when using a biothermal composting, debris, with all heavy metal impurities, radioactive and other possible harmful substances, is just applied to the fields as a fertilizer or in a greenhouse as a biofuel; when pyrolysis is used, the unit's capacity for the process to dispose of household waste cannot be large; to carry out the process of pyrolysis of such low-calorific fuel as solid household waste, considerable additional energy resources are required, which causes high operating costs; the process of plasma combustion to neutralize domestic waste is quite energy intensive, which is why it is not currently self-supporting at the moment.
Źródło:
MIND Journal; 2017, 4; 1-14
2451-4454
Pojawia się w:
MIND Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
LandGEM Biogas Estimation, Energy Potential and Carbon Footprint Assessments of a Controlled Landfill Site. Case of the Controlled Landfill of Mohammedia-Benslimane, Morocco
Autorzy:
Oukili, Ahlam Idrissi
Mouloudi, Meriyem
Chhiba, Mostafa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
LandGEM
methane
carbon footprint
greenhouse effect
electrical energy
Opis:
Landfills throughout the world are contributing to the global warming problem. This is due to the existence of the most important greenhouse gases in landfill gas; namely, methane and carbon dioxide. Methane has a high potential for energy production and by utilizing the proper technology, large amounts of energy can be extracted from it. This paper deals with the estimation of methane emissions from the controlled municipal solid waste landfill of Mohammedia-Benslimane (MB) in Morocco. Methane emissions were calculated using the LandGEM method. In this research, the following parameters were evaluated: the amount of landfilled waste, the characteristics of the landfill and the composition of the landfilled waste, as well as the climatic conditions prevailing in the region. According to the LandGEM model, the total amount of methane generated from approximately 3.663 E+06 kg of municipal solid waste that will be buried of in the MB controlled landfill over 20 years,2012 to 2032, is 1.76 E+08 m3. For the year 2020, the estimated electrical energy production in the landfill is 1.78 E+07 kWh. Regarding the carbon footprint for this landfill, the landfilling of household solid waste at the MB landfill has resulted in a production of about 499,238,000 kg CO2e in 2020 since its opening in 2012, according to the LandGEM model. These huge amounts of greenhouse gas are related to the fact that the waste buried at this landfill is highly organic. By installing an efficient system to capture and flare the biogas generated in this landfill, the management of this landfill is actively contributing to the protection of the environment by mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 3; 116--129
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of landfill leachate pollution: findings from a monitoring study at municipal waste landfill
Autorzy:
Vaverková, M. D.
Adamcová, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
groundwater monitoring
leachate monitoring
municipal solid waste landfill
surface water
water monitoring
Opis:
The monitoring that was carried out at the landfill specialized in leachate, groundwater and surface water. There were 6 sampling sites. The observed parameters were pH, BOD5, CODCr, conductivity. Leachate reached the high values in all observed parameters. Groundwater samples were collected at two monitoring wells and the sampling site (A, B, C). Surface water was collected from two sampling sites (D, E). The pH showed slightly acid values at all sampling points. The pH of surface water was slightly acid to neutral. Both BOD5 and CODCr values remained stable over the reporting period. The average conductivity value at sampling points D, E remained constant. In line with the Czech National Standard ČSN 75 7221 “Classification of Surface Water Quality” sampling point D belongs to II Water Quality Class – slightly polluted water and sampling site E to Class I water quality – unpolluted water. The authors believe that the fluctuations occurring with regard to the values of certain samples were not caused by the operation of the landfill itself, but were a result of the intense agricultural activity nearby the landfill.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2015, 16, 2; 19-32
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of segregated waste accumulation efficiency in selected suburban communities
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Kopytko, A.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/61721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
assessment
waste management
municipal solid waste
segregated waste
accumulation efficiency
suburban community
Opis:
Among solid wastes one may distinguish mixed wastes, segregated wastes (collected selectively) and biodegradable wastes originating from open-air markets, green areas or cemeteries. Mixed wastes have constituted the largest proportion in the stream of municipal solid waste (MSW), both before and after the changes in waste management system in Poland introduced on 1 July 2013. The other group, regarding the collected wastes volume, is so-called segregation. It has been forecasted that in the nearest future the amount of segregated wastes will be successively growing. The article presents the analysis of selectively collected wastes (paper, plastics, glass and metal) indicators from lower administrative units of Liszki and Mogilany communities. The degree of segregated wastes accumulation efficiency was assessed on the basis of conducted computation. The communities selected for the analysis are suburban municipalities, situated in the area of Krakow agglomeration in the immediate vicinity of the main city of the Malopolskie voivodeship. The main aim of the work was an assessment of selective accumulation of municipal solid wastes in suburban communities. Values of quantitative indices, characterizing mixed and segregated municipal solid waste generated by the inhabitants of individual lower administrative units of the studied communities were subjected to a detailed analysis. The data assumed for the investigations cover the period from July 2012 to June 2013. As results from conducted analyses actual indices of wastes accumulation differ from the indices determined on the basis of statistical data and the data stated in the Waste Management Plans, which may evidence a high ecological awareness of the analysed areas inhabitants. The efficiency of selective waste accumulation in the analysed communities was on a similar level and exceeded 20%, i.e. was twice higher than the average for Poland.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2014, IV/3
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania procesu samonagrzewania się paliwa alternatywnego wytwarzanego ze zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych
Investigation of the self-heating process of an alternative fuel derived from municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Wolny-Koładka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/126643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
paliwo alternatywne
RDF
mikroorganizmy
municipal solid waste
alternative fuel
microorganisms
Opis:
Paliwa alternatywne (RDF) znane są jako stabilne i bezpieczne źródła energii dla przemysłu cementowego i energetycznego zarówno pod względem mikrobiologicznym, jak i sanitarnym. Pomimo to w literaturze opisano wiele przypadków samozapłonu paliw alternatywnych w czasie ich magazynowania. Przeprowadzone badania wstępne wykazały, że przy zastosowaniu sita o średnicy oczka 80 mm do paliwa alternatywnego wytwarzanego ze zmieszanych odpadów komunalnych przedostają się odpady ulegające biodegradacji, w tym: papier, odpady organiczne, drewno itp. Udział tych odpadów w paliwie zawiera się w przedziale 11-29%. Znaczący udział odpadów ulegających biodegradacji w paliwie oraz mikroorganizmy, które je zasiedlają, są główną przyczyną samonagrzewania się tego źródła energii. Podstawowym celem badań była analiza procesu samonagrzewania się magazynowanego w pryzmie paliwa alternatywnego od momentu jego wytworzenia aż do czasu ustabilizowania się temperatury. Analizy przeprowadzono w instalacji mechaniczno-biologicznego przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych w Krakowie w okresie od września 2013 do sierpnia 2014 roku. W celu określenia zmian temperatury w czasie wykorzystano technikę termograficzną, a także system pomiarowy firmy APAR, składający się z 3 czujników temperatury PT100, umieszczonych na różnej głębokości pryzmy. Ponadto przeanalizowano zmiany zawartości tlenu wewnątrz pryzmy oraz wstępnie oceniono różnorodność mikroorganizmów zasiedlających paliwo. Badania wykazały, iż rozkład temperatury wewnątrz pryzmy magazynowanego paliwa nie jest jednakowy. Maksymalna osiągnięta temperatura wynosiła 76ºC. W pryzmie stwierdzono obecność grzybów pleśniowych, promieniowców oraz bakterii wegetatywnych i spoczynkowych. Wyizolowano także drobnoustroje chorobotwórcze (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecalis i Clostridium perfringens), stanowiące zagrożenie dla zdrowia osób pracujących przy instalacji do wytwarzania paliwa alternatywnego.
Alternative fuel (RDF) has been known as a stable and safe solid-fuel (in terms of microbiological and sanitary) for cement and power plant. However, some spontaneous ignition incidents occurred during storage of RDF in certain facilities. As introductory research proves, the morphological composition of an alternative fuel manufactured from mixed municipal solid waste reveals such bio-degradable components as paper, organics, wood, etc. The share of those components in an alternative fuel (examined with the use of an 80 millimeter sifter) is in the range 11-29%. A significant share of biodegradable waste in the fuel and the high variety of microorganisms that colonize them are a major cause of self-heating is this energy source. The main aim of the study was to analyze the self-heating process in heap of alternative fuel since its manufacture until the temperature stabilizes. Analyses were carried out in the installation of mechanical - biological treatment of municipal solid waste in Krakow in the period from September 2013 to August 2014. To determine temperature changes during process, the thermographic technique was used, and the APAR measurement system consisting of three PT100 temperature sensors (placed at different depths of heap). The oxygen content inside the heap and the variety of microorganisms inhabiting RDF was analyzed too. Research has shown that the temperature distribution inside heap of stored fuel is not uniform. The presence of mold fungi, actinomycetes, as well as vegetative and spore-forming bacterial cells were found in the heap. Pathogenic microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens), which pose threat to the health of people working with the installation for the production of alternative fuel, were also isolated.
Źródło:
Proceedings of ECOpole; 2015, 9, 1; 261-268
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:
Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibilities of using ash from thermal treatment of municipal solid waste in hardening slurries
Możliwości wykorzystania popiołu z termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych w zawiesinach twardniejących
Autorzy:
Szarek, Łukasz
Falaciński, Paweł
Drużyński, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311561.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
fly ash
hardening slurry
cement-bentonite slurry
cementitious materials
circular economy
odpady komunalne
popiół
zawiesiny twardniejące
zawiesiny cementowo-bentonitowe
przekształcanie termiczne odpadów
przesłony przeciwfiltracyjne
ściana odcinająca
Opis:
In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the amount of municipal waste generated in Poland. In 2020, 21.6% of all municipal waste was subjected to a thermal treatment process. Consequently, the amount of ashes generated is significant. Due to their properties, it is difficult to utilize this type of waste within concrete production technology. One of the waste utilization methods is to add it to hardening slurries used in, among others, cut-off walls. The article assesses the possibility of using ashes from municipal waste incineration as an additive to hardening slurries. It also discusses the technological properties of hardening slurries with the addition of the ashes in question. The experiment showed that it is possible to compose a hardening slurry based on tested ashes with technological properties suitable for use as a cut-off wall. Further research directions were proposed.
W ostatnich latach w Polsce nastąpił wyraźny wzrost ilości wytwarzanych odpadów komunalnych. W 2020 roku 21,6% wszystkich odpadów komunalnych zostało poddanych procesowi termicznego przekształcania. W związku z tym ilość wytwarzanych popiołów jest znaczna. Ze względu na ich właściwości trudno jest wykorzystać ten rodzaj odpadów w ramach technologii betonu. Jedną z metod wykorzystania odpadów jest dodawanie ich do zawiesin twardniejących stosowanych m.in. w przesłonach przeciwfiltracyjnych. W artykule oceniono możliwość wykorzystania popiołów ze spalania odpadów komunalnych jako dodatku do zawiesin twardniejących. Omówiono również właściwości technologiczne zawiesin twardniejących z dodatkiem badanych popiołów. Przeprowadzony eksperyment wykazał, że możliwe jest skomponowanie zawiesiny twardniejącej na bazie badanych popiołów o właściwościach technologicznych odpowiednich do zastosowania jako ściana odcinająca. Zaproponowano dalsze kierunki badań.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2023, 49, 2; 76--84
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content of Copper, Zinc and Manganese in Soil Fertilized with Municipal Solid Waste Composts
Zawartość miedzi, cynku i manganu w glebie nawożonej kompostami z odpadów miejskich
Autorzy:
Sądej, W.
Namiotko, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389034.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
kompost z odpadów komunalnych
kompost z zieleni miejskiej
gleba
miedź
cynk
mangan
municipal solid waste compost
green waste compost
soil
copper
zinc
manganese
Opis:
A three-year pot experiment has been conducted in order to analyze the influence of composts made from unsorted municipal solid waste and urban green waste on the total content of copper, zinc and manganese and their soluble forms in soil. The applied composts differed in maturity and the chemical composition of the matter from which they originated. It has been found that the total content of copper, zinc and manganese in soil increased as the rates of municipal solid waste composts rose, an effect which has been observed both as a direct influence and aftereffect of fertilization. The highest increase in the total content of copper was determined in soil fertilized with six-month compost from municipal solid waste. By increasing doses of the compost, the share of the soluble form of this element was reduced versus its total content. The highest increase in total zinc appeared after soil amendment with compost which matured in a heap for three months. In respect of direct effect, the share of soluble to total zinc was the highest in the treatments fertilized with one-month compost, but as an aftereffect, six-month compost resulted in the highest percentage of soluble zinc in its total amount. As for manganese, evidently higher its total concentrations were determined in soil fertilized with three-month compost compared with one- and six-month ones. The share of the soluble form of manganese to its total content decreased when older municipal waste composts or their higher doses were applied. In soil enriched with urban green waste, lower contents of heavy metals occurred than in soil fertilized with six-month compost. In the former soil, however, there was an increase in the share of soluble forms of the analyzed metals relative their total content.
W 3-letnim doświadczeniu wazonowym analizowano wpływ kompostów wytworzonych z niesegregowanych odpadów komunalnych i zieleni miejskiej na zawartość całkowitych i rozpuszczalnych form miedzi, cynku i manganu w glebie. Wykorzystane komposty różniły się między sobą stopniem dojrzałości oraz składem chemicznym materiału wyjściowego. Stwierdzono, że całkowita zawartość miedzi, cynku i manganu w glebie zwiększała się wraz ze wzrostem dawek kompostów wytworzonych z odpadów komunalnych, co zaobserwowano zarówno w działaniu bezpośrednim, jak i następczym. Największy wzrost całkowitej zawartości miedzi uzyskano w glebie nawożonej kompostem z odpadów komunalnych dojrzewającym 6 miesięcy. Wzrost dawki kompostu powodował obniżenie udziału rozpuszczalnej formy tego pierwiastka w stosunku do jego całkowitej zawartości. Największy wzrost zawartości całkowitej formy cynku w glebie nastąpił po zastosowaniu kompostu dojrzewającego w pryzmie przez okres 3 miesięcy. W bezpośrednim działaniu kompostów udział rozpuszczalnego cynku w stosunku do formy całkowitej był największy na obiektach z kompostem miesięcznym, natomiast w działaniu następczym taki efekt miał miejsce na obiektach z kompostem dojrzewającym 6 miesięcy. W przypadku manganu wyraźnie większe zawartości całkowitej formy tego pierwiastka notowano w glebie nawożonej kompostem dojrzewającym 3 miesiące w porównaniu z glebą nawożoną kompostami po 1 i 6 miesiącach dojrzewania. Udział rozpuszczalnej formy manganu w stosunku do jego zawartości całkowitej zmniejszał się wraz z wiekiem zastosowanych kompostów z odpadów komunalnych, jak też i wskutek zwiększania ich dawek. W glebie nawożonej kompostem z odpadów zieleni miejskiej odnotowano mniejsze zawartości metali ciężkich w porównaniu z glebą nawożoną kompostem z odpadów komunalnych dojrzewającym 6 miesięcy. W glebie tej nastąpił jednak wzrost udziału rozpuszczalnych form analizowanych metali w stosunku do całkowitej ich zawartości.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2011, 18, 9-10; 1327-1338
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Redukcja emisji metanu i węglowodorów aromatycznych ze składowisk odpadów w biofiltrze – badania polowe
Minimization of Methane and Selected Aromatic Hydrocarbons Emissions from Municipal Landfill in Biofilters – a Field Study
Autorzy:
Zdeb, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
biofiltracja
BTEX
metan
składowiska odpadów
biofiltration
BTEXs
methane
municipal solid waste landfill
Opis:
Discussion on counteracting the greenhouse effect focused on the reduction of CO2 emissions mainly from the fossil fuel burning. There is often forgotten that the important role in greenhouse effect play other gases, such as methane, but its production is weakly associated with the combustion of fossil fuels. The global warming potential for methane is approx. 25-fold higher than that of CO2.Methane is located at second place on the list of the substances responsible for rising the temperature of the Earth’ atmosphere. Taking into account the global action towards prevention the climate changes, a reduction of methane emissions should be enhanced. It could significantly improve the atmospheric air quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of bio-oxidation of methane and selected aromatic hydrocarbons emitted from municipal solid waste landfills. The research was carried out under field scale for 10 months, from early summer to early spring. An open type biofilter worked at variable loading rate of landfill gas and under different climatic conditions. Due to the low gas pressure inside the waste body, the gas suction was applied to provide a continuous gas flow to the biofilter. This was resulted in landfill gas dilution by atmospheric air migrating through the leakiness in the gas supply system. The study showed that the temperature was limiting factor in the processes of bio-oxidation of methane and monoaromatic hydrocarbons such as BTEXs in field scale biofilter. During winter season the realbed temperature fall below 0°C throughout the whole profile of the biofilter. This led to the freezing of the water contained in the soil pores, which prevented the flow of gas along the biofilter. In other seasons, where the average bed temperature ranged from 5.5 to 42.3°C, biofilter worked reaching the 100% efficiency of BTEXs removal, at average mass loading rate of 26.75 ug BTEXs m-2d-1, and 42% efficiency of methane removal at average mass loading rate of 14.6 g CH4 m-2d-1. High efficiencies of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal from landfill gas can be explained by dilution of gas stream entering the biofilter with the atmospheric air. Calculation of elimination capacity of particular VOCs and the evaluation of the impact of VOCs concentration on removal efficiencies was impossible due to their total oxidation in the biofilter.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2015, Tom 17, cz. 2; 1053-1073
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the Energy Capacity of the Controlled Landfill from Mohamedia Benslimane by Three Theoretical Methods – Land Gem, IPCC, and TNO
Autorzy:
Oukili, Ahlam Idrissi
Chhiba, Mostafa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
controlled landfill
municipal solid waste
biogas
first order decay model
electrical energy
Opis:
The objective of this study was to estimate the content of methane produced and generated by the anaerobic biodegradation of the main organic fraction of municipal solid waste from the controlled landfill of Mohammedia-Benslimane (Morocco) by three theoretical models, based on the first order decay equation: LandGEM, IPCC and TNO. To carry out this study, the quantities of solid waste buried in this landfill since its inauguration in 2012 were used and the composition of the biogas in-situ in 2020 and 2021was determined. The quantities of waste that will be buried in this landfill from 2022 to 2032 were estimated by projection.The results of the analysis of the biogas generated in this controlled landfill in 2020–2021 indicate that it is composed of 59.59% CH4, 38.9% CO2, and 0.14% O2. This result indicates that the waste is in a stable methanogenesis phase. The results obtained by using the three methodologies show that the total volume of CH4 generated during the period 2012–2021 was 32.59 Mm3 according to the IPCC model, 20.95 Mm3 according to the LandGEM model and 20.96 Mm3 according to the TNO model. The total volume of CH4 that will be produced during the period 2022–2032 has been projected to 107.48 Mm3 by the IPCC model, to 76.84 Mm3 by the LandGEM model, while the total volume of CH4 projected under the TNO method will be 67.67 Mm3. The maximum methane production will reach a value of 12.07 Mm3, 9.46 Mm3 and 7.82 Mm3 for the IPCC, LandGEM and TNO models, respectively. In 2021, the volume of methane estimated by the three models is higher than that on-site measurement by a factor of 3.5(IPCC), 2.4 (LandGEM) and 2.3 (TNO). The results clearly indicate that the three models over predict methane generations when compared to the on-site generations. According to the LandGEM methodology, the electricity estimated will reach a maximum value of 33 GWh/year in 2032.The efficient use of methane generated by this controlled landfill as a source of electrical energy in the upcoming years can be an option for the sustainable management of waste.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 2; 19--30
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recent Scenario of Solid Waste Management in India
Autorzy:
Nandan, Abhishek
Yadav, Bikarama Prasad
Baksi, Soumyadeep
Bose, Debajyoti
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1182742.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
3R concept
Collection
Disposal
Landfilling
Municipal Solid Waste
Segtegation
Treatment
Waste generation
Opis:
Industrialization becomes very significant for developing countries like India having large number of population. Rapid increase in urbanization and per capita income lead to high rate of municipal solid waste generation. In recent times, E-waste and plastic waste also contribute considerably to total waste stream due to utilization of electronic and other items. These wastes may cause a potential hazard to human health or environment if any of the aspects of solid waste management is not managed effectively. In India, approach towards Solid waste management is still unscientific. Solid Waste collection efficiency in India is around 70% (Sharholy et al. 2007), while same is almost 100% in the developed countries. Even today, large portion of solid waste is dumped indiscriminately on outskirts of towns or cities without any prior treatment. This leads to groundwater contamination and increase in air pollution due to leachate percolation and release of gases respectively. Various study reveals that out of total solid waste, 80% can be utilized again either by recycling or reusing. Improper waste segregation and other factors lead recycling sector to work on outdated technology. However, plastic and paper recycling have been especially growing due to continuous increasing consumption of both the commodities. This study describes about current status of municipal solid waste management in different regions of India. It further summarizes a collective, systematic effort which improves implementation of legal frameworks, institutional arrangements, financial provisions, technology, operations management, human resource development, and public participation and awareness of Integrated SWM systems.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 66; 56-74
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wpływu dodatków wzbogacających kompostowaną korę sosnową na liczebność bakterii i grzybów oraz ich aktywność enzymatyczną
Assessment of the Impact of Enriching Additives in Composted Pine Bark on the Number of Bacteria and Fungi and Their Enzymatic Activity
Autorzy:
Starzyk, J.
Jakubus, M.
Swędrzyńska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
kora sosnowa
bakterie
grzyby
aktywność enzymatyczna
municipal solid waste
sewage sludge
soil
Opis:
In the composting process, microorganisms meet the primary role of which is related to the metabolic activity of the process of synthesis of humus. Properly made compost is characterized by a large value of fertilizer, often exceeding the fertilizer value of manure. However, in the production of compost main objective is to optimize the conditions of this process. The aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of changes in the number of selected groups of microorganisms and dehydrogenase activity levels occurring during the composting of pine bark, depending on the application of different organic additives and microbiological preparation and changes in pH and temperature. The experiment was established in 2011 in the Forest District Antonin in Wielkopolska. Composting was carried out in seven piles of pine bark supplemented with different doses of green mass of legumes, Effective Microorganisms solution and urea. During the composting process, samples were taken five times for microbiological analysis. It were analyzed number of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria and fungi on selective substrates. Isolated colonies were used to determine the total number of tested microorganisms. Furthermore, were tested the enzymatic activity of microorganisms, determining the activity of the dehydrogenase, using the spectrophotometric method with TTC as a substrate. Also were analyzed the impact of differences in the composition of compost on the growth of microorganisms. The following terms were also tested the pH level and the temperature of the windrows. It was found that additives composted pine bark with the exception only of the preparation EM-A stimulating influence on the population growth of bacteria meso-and thermophilic composting in windrows. A particularly preferred combination proved to be a combination of the green mass of the plant with solution of Effective Microorganisms. Changes in the number of analyzed groups of microorganisms also fundamentally affect temperature changes during the composting process. During the high temperature composting piles was observed in a significant increase in the number of thermophilic bacteria and fungi. In most of the analyzed terms the largest number of thermophilic bacteria and fungi was observed in combination of pine bark, and extended to the highest dose of the green mass of the plants and EM-A. Dehydrogenase complex activity did not increase with the increase in the number of analyzed groups of microorganisms.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 3; 2683-2696
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany zanieczyszczenia chemicznego i mikrobiologicznego na nasionach bobiku uprawianego wokół składowiska odpadów komunalnych
Changes in chemical and microbiological contamination of horse bean seeds in the vicinity of municipal solid waste landfill
Autorzy:
Frączek, K.
Ropek, D.
Bulski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
bobik
mikroorganizmy
pierwiastki
składowisko komunalne
elements
horse bean
microorganisms
municipal solid waste landfill
Opis:
Celem niniejszej pracy była analiza składu pierwiastkowego zanieczyszczeń chemicznych i mikrobiologicznych występujących na nasionach bobiku uprawianego w bezpośrednim otoczeniu składowiska odpadów komunalnych. Skład pierwiastkowy zanieczyszczeń chemicznych na powierzchni badanych nasion oraz w glebie analizowano metodą EDS za pomocą mikroskopu elektronowego NOVA NANO SEM s 300. Analizy mikrobiologiczne przeprowadzono metodą seryjnych rozcieńczeń. Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz wykazały na powierzchni nasion bobiku uprawianego na obszarze i w bezpośrednim otoczeniu składowiska komunalnego obecność zarówno makro- i mikroelementów, jak i pierwiastków z grupy metali ciężkich, a także występowanie bakterii i grzybów. Wykazano, że usytuowanie poletka względem składowiska miało istotny wpływ na stwierdzone na powierzchni nasion bobiku zanieczyszczenia chemiczne i mikrobiologiczne.
The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of municipal solid waste landfill on the chemical and microbiological contaminants present on seeds surface of horse bean grown in its vicinity. Elemental composition of chemical contaminants on the seeds surface and in the soil was analyzed with the electron microscopy NOVA NANO SEM s 300 with EDS technique. Microbiological analyzes were performed by serial dilutions. Conducted analyses revealed presence of macro and trace elements, including heavy metals, as well as the presence of bacteria and fungi on the surface of faba bean seeds grown in the area of landfill and in its immediate vicinity. It has been shown that the localization of plot to the landfill had a significant effect on chemical and microbiological contaminants identified on the seed surface of horse bean.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2017, 17, 3; 29-40
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emisja ze współspalania węgla i stałych odpadów komunalnych w domowym kotle CO
Emissions from CO-combustion of coal and municipal solid waste in domestic central heating boiler
Autorzy:
Cieślik, E. M.
Konieczny, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
popiół lotny
odpady stałe
wskaźniki emisji
fly ash
municipal solid waste
emission factors
Opis:
Współspalanie węgla i stałych odpadów komunalnych jest zjawiskiem społecznym, stanowiącym poważne źródło emisji substancji szkodliwych do powietrza. Przeprowadzono badania porównawcze współspalania węgla kamiennego z poszczególnymi frakcjami stałych odpadów komunalnych (m.in. makulatura, PE, PCV) w kotle CO o mocy 18 kW wyposażonym w automatyczny podajnik paliwa. Badania miały na celu porównanie parametrów spalin, zawartości pyłu (popiołu lotnego) i gazowych substancji zanieczyszczających powietrze w emitowanych spalinach z danego kotła CO. Podczas spalania pobierane były próbki emitowanego pyłu oraz analizowany był w sposób ciągły skład jakościowy i ilościowy spalin – analiza chemiczna spalin obejmowała: CO2, CO, H2O, SO2, NOx. Oznaczono ponadto stężenie pyłu w spalinach. Pobrany popiół lotny został poddany oznaczeniom zawartości węgla C – organicznego, elementarnego i całkowitego, PM10 i PM2,5 oraz zawartości 16 WWA. Wyniki zostały przeanalizowane pod względem efektywności spalania, emisji głównych zanieczyszczeń (NOx, CO, SO2) i popiołu lotnego oraz zaadsorbowanych na jego powierzchni WWA. Średnie stężenie emitowanego pyłu wynosiło 764 mg m-3, natomiast CO – 1944, SO2 – 1256, NOx – 555 mg m-3 (STP, 3% O2, gaz suchy). Spaliny zawierały popiół lotny, ze znaczną zawartością węgla EC (średnio 31%) oraz wysokim udziałem PM10 oraz PM2,5 – odpowiednio 100 i 75% obj.
Co-combustion of coal and solid municipal waste is a social phenomenon. It constitutes an important emission source of harmful air pollutants. The comparative research was conducted. It concerned co-combustion of coal and different types of municipal solid waste (including wastepaper, PE, PVC) in the domestic CH (central heating) boiler (18-kW power) equipped with an automatic fuel feeder. The aim of this research was to compare the parameters of flue gas, content of dust (fly ash) and gaseous air pollutants in the flue gases from the CH boiler. During the combustion were taken the fly ash samples and was continuously analyzed qualitative and quantitative composition of flue gas. Chemical analysis of flue gases included: CO2, CO, H2O, SO2 and NOx. Concentration of fly ash in the flue gas was determined. The fly ash samples were analysed for the organic, elemental and total carbon, PM10 and PM2,5, and 16 PAHs content. The results were analyzed in terms of combustion efficiency, emissions of major pollutants (NOx, CO, SO2) and fly ash with adsorbed of PAHs on its surface. The average concentration of emitted particulate matter was 764 mg m-3, and CO – 1944, SO2 – 1256 NOx – 555 mg m-3 (STP, 3% O2, dry gas). The flue gases contain fly ash, with a significant carbon content EC (average 31%) and a high proportion of PM10 and PM2.5 – respectively 100 and 75% by volume.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2017, 18, 2; 9-13
2081-139X
2392-0629
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biologiczne suszenie mieszaniny stałych odpadów przemysłu papierniczego oraz organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych
Biological drying of paper industry waste and organic fraction of municipal solid waste
Autorzy:
Domińczyk, A.
Krzystek, L.
Ledakowicz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2071750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
biosuszenie
wydajność
materia organiczna
biodrying
efficiency
organic matter
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono badania dotyczące procesu biologicznego suszenia mieszaniny stałych odpadów przemysłu papierniczego oraz organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że biologiczne suszenie materii organicznej o wilgotności dochodzącej do 600 g·kg-1 umożliwia ok. 70% usunięcie wilgoci otrzymanie wysuszonego materiału o wartości opałowej wynoszącej ok. 13,24 kJ·g-1 oraz cieple spalania ok. 14,52 kJ·g-1.
In this paper the biological drying process of the mixture of paper industry waste and organic fraction of municipal solid waste was investigated. As a result of autothermal drying processes moisture content decreased by 70% at the initial moisture content of organic waste of about 600 g·kg-1. The high values of combustion heat and high calorific values for both processes were obtained (about 14.52 kJ·g-1 and 13.24 kJ·g-1).
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2012, 4; 115-116
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projekty spalarni odpadów komunalnych i osadów ściekowych w strategii zagospodarowania odpadów
Projects of incineration plants for municipal solid waste and sewage sludge in strategy of waste management
Autorzy:
Pająk, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
spalanie odpadów
osady ściekowe
Krajowy Plan Gospodarki Odpadami 2010
municipal solid waste
sewage sludge
waste management
installation
thermal treatment
incineration plant
incineration
co-incineration
Opis:
Zarówno odpady komunalne, jak i osady ściekowe stanowią obecnie jedno z najistotniejszych wyzwań w aspekcie ochrony środowiska i wymagań prawnych, jakie w bardzo bliskiej już perspektywie będą musiały spełnić gminy - aglomeracje. I pomimo że mowa jest tutaj o dwóch różnych pod względem rodzajów grupach odpadów, to mają one jeden wspólny i obszerny mianownik. Powstają na skutek codziennych procesów życia mieszkańców tych gmin. Gmina jest odpowiedzialna za zgodne z prawem ich zagospodarowanie i na gminie ciąży wynikający stąd obowiązek doboru optymalnych technologii ich zagospodarowania, pozyskania na ten cel funduszy i przekonania mieszkańców o konieczności ich budowy. Jeśli zauważyć, że domeną dużych gmin czy aglomeracji stają się w tym względzie ciągle pejoratywnie postrzegane instalacje zwane spalarniami, których zastosowanie w systemach gospodarki odpadami bądź osadami jest nieuniknione, o czym świadczy taki dokument strategiczny, jak Krajowy Plan Gospodarki Odpadami 2010, a narzucone prawem wspólnotowym terminy wypełnienia szeregu zobowiązań w zakresie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi i gospodarki wodno-ściekowej zbliżają się nieuchronnie, łatwo dostrzec skalę problemu i wyzwań, jakie w najbliższej perspektywie oczekują polskie gminy. W odniesieniu do tych wyzwań dokonano w pracy analizy poziomu zaawansowania krajowych projektów w zakresie budowy instalacji termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych wraz z oceną realności ich wdrożenia, a w przypadku komunalnych osadów ściekowych stopnia zaawansowania budowy wybranych instalacji ich spalania, aby w ten sposób ocenić możliwości wypełnienia przez gminę najistotniejszych wymagań prawnych w zakresie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi i gospodarki osadami ściekowymi, w tym realności strategii, jaka w tym zakresie nakreślona została przez Krajowy Plan Gospodarki Odpadami 2010.
Municipal solid waste and sewage sludge management is currently one of the most important challenges of environmental protection and legal requirements that communes - agglomerations will have to meet in the near future. Although two various kinds of waste are discussed here, they have a lot in common. Both are produced as a result of inhabitants' everyday life. A commune is responsible for its management in accordance with the law. And what is more, it is the commune's responsibility to choose optimal waste management technologies, raise funds and convince the inhabitants of the necessity to build incineration plants. Nowadays we can notice that big communes or agglomerations still have a negative attitude towards incineration plants whose application in solid waste or sewage sludge management systems is unavoidable. It is confirmed by a document called Domestic Solid Waste Management Plan 2010. Moreover, deadlines to fulfil commitments within the range of municipal solid waste and waste - water disposal management, imposed by the European Union law, are approaching inevitably. Therefore, it is easy to notice the scale of the problem and challenges which await Polish communes in the near future. Considering these challenges, the paper analyses the level of domestic projects of building thermal treatment installations of municipal solid waste together with the assessment of plausibility of their application. In case of municipal sewage sludge, an assessment of progress in building incineration installations has been made in order to evaluate the commune's ability to fulfil legal requirements concerning municipal solid waste and sewage sludge management, as well as plausibility of strategies introduced in the Domestic Solid Waste Management Plan 2010.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska; 2010, 13, 1; 53-66
1505-3695
2391-7253
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content of zinc in plants fertilized with municipal solid waste and urban green waste composts
Zawartosc cynku w roslinach nawozonych kompostami a odpadow komunalnych i zieleni miejskiej
Autorzy:
Sadej, W
Namiotko, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
zinc content
plant cultivation
plant fertilization
municipal solid waste
urban green
green waste compost
soil
plant
Opis:
In a vegetation experiment, the effect of composts made from unsorted municipal solid waste and urban green waste on the content of zinc in plants has been analyzed. The municipal waste composts matured in heaps for 1, 3 and 6 months. They were applied in three rates: 10, 20 and 30 g kg–1 of soil. The compost made of urban green waste aged in a pile for 6 months and was added to soil in the amount of 10 g kg–1 of soil. It has been determined that the content of zinc in plants was varied and depended on the type and rates of compost used as well as the species of crops. Application of higher rates of composts did not invariably result in an increased concentration of zinc in plant tissues; on the contrary, in some cases the level of zinc determined in fertilized plants was lower than in the control. Much more elevated concentrations of zinc were found after the application of fresh compost made of municipal waste (maturing for one month in a heap). Fertilization of maize and barley with urban green waste compost produced a more favourable result than the application of analogous rates of municpal solid waste compost, as the plants contained less zinc. With respect to the other test plants, such as sunflower, mustard and phacelia, the application of composted green matter caused a considerable increase in the content of zinc, as compared with the treatments fertilized with composted municipal waste, at the same fertilization rates.
W doświadczeniu wegetacyjnym analizowano wpływ kompostów wyprodukowanych z niesegregowanych odpadów komunalnych oraz z odpadów zieleni miejskiej na zawartość cynku w roślinach. Użyte komposty z odpadów komunalnych dojrzewały w pryzmach odpowiednio przez 1, 3 i 6 miesięcy. Zastosowano je w 3 dawkach: 10, 20 i 30 g kg–1 gleby. Kompost z odpadów zieleni miejskiej dojrzewał w pryzmie 6 miesięcy, użyto go w ilości 10 g kg–1 gleby. Stwierdzono, że zawartość cynku w roślinach była różnicowana w zależności od rodzaju użytego kompostu, wielkości dawek oraz gatunku uprawianej rośliny. Działanie zwiększonych dawek kompostów nie zawsze skutkowało wzrostem zawartości cynku w roślinach, a w niektórych przypadkach jego zawartość była niższa od stwierdzonej w obiekcie kontrolnym. Znaczny wzrost zawartości cynku w większości analizowanych roślin nastąpił po zastosowaniu świeżego kompostu z odpadów komunalnych po miesiącu dojrzewania w pryzmach. Nawożenie kompostem z odpadów zieleni miejskiej w przypadku kukurydzy i jęczmienia okazało się korzystniejsze niż identyczna dawka kompostu z odpadów komunalnych, ponieważ rośliny z tego obiektu zawierały mniej cynku. U pozostałych roślin: słonecznika, gorczycy i facelii zastosowanie tego kompostu spowodowało znaczący wzrost zawartości omawianego pierwiastka, w porównaniu z obiektami użyźnianymi kompostem z odpadów komunalnych, w przypadku tego samego poziomu nawożenia.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2010, 15, 4; 679-692
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-100 z 184

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