Wszystkie pola: heat treatment - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Devices for modern vacuum heat treatment
Autorzy:: Korecki, M.
Brewka, A.
Wołowiec-Korecka, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379303.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:: heat treatment
vacuum heat treatment
furnace
carburizing
quenching
low pressure carburizing
nitriding
advanced vacuum applications
obróbka cieplna
próżniowa obróbka cieplna
piec
nawęglanie
hartowanie
nawęglanie niskociśnieniowe
azotowanie
zaawansowane zastosowania próżniowe
Opis:: Purpose: A review regarding the devices for vacuum heat treatment is presented. Design/methodology/approach: Devices for modern heat treatment has been reviewed. The devices has been classified regarding the heat treatment (quenching, carburizing, nitriding, tempering and annealing). The possible application, materials and parts for heat treatment as well as parameters of the devices has been analysed. Findings: There is a wide range of modern vacuum heat treatment devices. All currently used heat and thermo-chemical treatments may be proceed in vacuum equipment. It is also in many cases preferable to use vacuum- because of economic reasons, better metallurgical results or environmental friendliness. Also software simulators which facilitates the planning of heat treatment are available with the equipment. Practical implications: Because of the industry expectations regarding efficiency, quality, economy and safety, vacuum equipment becoming the subject of wider and wider attention. In particular, aerospace and automotive industries pay a lot of attention to these aspects. The basic task of vacuum devices is fast, effective, environmentally friendly production of high quality machine parts. Originality/value: The synthetic presentation of modern devices for vacuum heat treatment was presented, in particular furnaces for quenching, carburizing, nitriding, tempering and annealing. The products characteristic and applications has been presented. Also equipment for some advanced vacuum applications has been presented. Modern software which complements the devices in terms of designing heat treatment processes has been described.
Źródło:: Archives of Materials Science and Engineering; 2019, 95, 2; 77-85
1897-2764
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Cast construction elements for heat treatment furnaces
Autorzy:: Piekarski, B.
Drotlew, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382333.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: innovative foundry technology
innovative foundry material
heat treatment plant
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
innowacyjny materiał odlewniczy
zakład obróbki cieplnej
Opis:: The study presents sketches and photos of the cast creep-resistant components used in various types of heat treatment furnaces. The shape of the elements results from the type of the operation carried out in the furnace, while dimensions are adjusted to the size of the furnace working chamber. The castings are mainly made from the high-alloyed, austenitic chromium-nickel or nickel-chromium steel, selecting the grade in accordance with the furnace operating conditions described by the rated temperature, the type and parameters of the applied operating atmosphere, and the charge weight. Typical examples in this family of construction elements are: crucibles, roller tracks, radiant tubes and guides. The majority of castings are produced in sand moulds.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 3 spec.; 163-170
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Cast Grates Used in Heat Treatment Furnaces
Autorzy:: Piekarski, B.
Drotlew, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381751.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: innovative foundry technologies
innovative foundry materials
castings for heat treatment plants
crates
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
odlewy dla zakładów obróbki cieplnej
kraty
Opis:: Examples of cast grates whose construction was based on previously used "old" patterns of the technological equipment for heat treatment furnaces (TEq) are presented. Manufacturers of this type of castings have at their disposal numerous earlier designs of the applied TEq. Their adaptation for the needs of a new order, i.e. the creation of a new design or modification of the already existing one, significantly reduces both cost and time of the implementation. It also allows making new grate constructions of various shapes and sizes, reducing in this way the number of patterns stored by the manufacturer of castings. The examples of cast grates shown and discussed in this study document the variety of ways that can be used when making them from the already existing patterns or castings. The presented grates were made using master patterns, entire castings or their fragments, and modular segments.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 3; 49-54
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Castings in Pit Furnaces for Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Drotlew, A.
Piekarski, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380488.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: innovative foundry technology
innovative foundry material
heat treatment plant
cast grate
pit furnace
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
innowacyjny materiał odlewniczy
zakład obróbki cieplnej
paleta odlewnicza
piec grzewczy
Opis:: The article presents examples of typical designs of the cast technological equipment used in pit furnaces for the heat treatment of metals and alloys. The equipment consists of a set of castings connected together in a proper way and used for the formation and transport of charge, which consists of the heat treated parts. Typical equipment has the shape of a cylinder. Usually it comprises a basic pallet (carrier) completed with other elements, i.e. intermediate pallets, rods, spacers, cross-bars and hooks, their number depending on the number and shape of heat-treated products and on production volume. The simplest design solution is to use a cylindrical basket where heat treated products are arranged in a loose configuration. The majority of elements forming the furnace equipment are castings produced in sand molds. Some of them were designed and manufactured in a Foundry of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 3 spec.; 11-14
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Structures for Heat Treatment Assembled from Cast Elements
Autorzy:: Piekarski, Bogdan
Drotlew, Andrzej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1445040.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:: castings for heat treatment plants
design of castings
grates
Opis:: Various types of technological equipment individually designed for operation in pit and elevator heat treatment furnaces are described in this article. A common characteristic of these structures is that they are composed of several or several dozen thin-walled elements of various shapes and sizes, gravity cast in sand moulds from creep-resistant alloys (austenitic Cr-Ni/Ni-Cr cast steel and cast nickel alloys). The design of the castings requires the development of a manufacturing technology that can effectively use the principle of the simultaneous solidification of all components. Properly designed equipment should have minimum weight, maximum strength, and maximum loading capacity combined with adequate durability and reliability. Two designs of the equipment for the heat treatment of steel parts were presented. Both designs, as well as their individual components, were described in detail and illustrated. The main task of the equipment is to form the charge in the furnace and transport this charge both inside and outside the furnace. The first design is the design of an equipment for the heat treatment of large ring-shaped parts. The second design is the design of an equipment, whose structure can be modified using various repeatable components. As a result of these modifications, different variants of the equipment are obtained, allowing for the heat treatment of five different types of the shafts characterized by different shapes and sizes. The study is of an application nature. It is addressed to engineering and technical staff dealing with both the design and operation of heat treatment furnaces.
Źródło:: Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2020, 4, 4; 53-57
2543-9901
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Pulse Heat Treatment of FINEMET Alloys Under Tension
Autorzy:: Lovas, A.
Hubač, L.
Novák, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1200788.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014-07
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 75.50.Kj
75.60.Ej
81.07.Bc
Opis:: In this contribution a less common experimental procedure is presented, which includes simultaneous application of electrical pulse heating, and longitudinal mechanical stress, applied along the ribbon length, for the magnetic property tailoring. The annealing is performed in protecting atmosphere in a vertical tube furnace by applying a weight at the free, cold bottom end of the ribbon. In these circumstances neither nanometer-size grains nor the concentration-distribution have been developed. The static coercive force, anisotropy and demagnetizing factor are monitored as a function of pulse number.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 1; 100-101
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Laser heat treatment of nickel-based alloys – a review
Autorzy:: Kukliński, Mateusz
Szymański, Michał
Przestacki, Damian
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94176.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:: nickel
laser
heat treatment
surface
coating
Opis:: In this paper researches which focus on laser heat treatment of nickel-based alloys are reviewed. Studies published from 1970s until today are taken into consideration. Publications which focus on influence of laser thermal processing on surface layer condition both on solid materials and predeposited coatings are described. Laser technologies in which additional materials are delivered during the process are not considered. In order to focus on studies investigating microstructural changes resulting mainly from material remelting, laser shock processing is also disregarded.
Źródło:: Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials; 2019, 39; 46-53
2450-9469
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Investigation of hydroxyapatite-titanium composite properties during heat treatment
Autorzy:: Mamaeva, A.
Kenzhegulov, A.
Kowalewski, P.
Wieleba, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306913.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: hydroksyapatyt
HA
obróbka cieplna
kompozyty
hydroxyapatite
titanium
magnetron sputtering
heat treatment
composite
Opis:: A biocompatible hydroxyapatite (HA) coating with a thickness of about 18–20 microns was successfully deposited by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering on titanium substrates VT1-0. The data obtained for the optimal composition and structure of hydroxyapatite can be used to create coating which will interact with a titanium substrate. Using the methods of optical and SEM, AFM, electron microprobe, FTIR and X-ray analysis, surface morphology, phase and elemental composition, structure of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were studied. Structural and phase transformations after heat treatment using X-ray diffraction and microscopic methods of analysis were studied. It was found that after annealing coating phase analysis showed the presence of not only hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH), but also compounds of tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) and titanium oxide. Adhesivetribological durability, friction and deformation characteristics of hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate were determined. The obtained coatings had high hardness, wear resistance and adhesion to the substrate and low modulus of elasticity and coefficient of friction.
Źródło:: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2017, 19, 4; 161-169
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Influence of heat treatment of carbon nanofibers on genotoxicity
Autorzy:: Frączek-Szczypta, Aneta
Panek, Agnieszka
Marczyk, Monika
Zambrzycki, Marcel
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844743.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
Źródło:: Engineering of Biomaterials; 2021, 24, 163; 115
1429-7248
Pojawia się w:: Engineering of Biomaterials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: The strengthening of weight heavy alloys during heat treatment
Autorzy:: Kaczorowski, M.
Skoczylas, P.
Krzyńska, A.
Kaniewski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380302.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: utwardzanie wydzieleniowe
wolframowy stop ciężki
właściwości mechaniczne
precipitation hardening
weight heavy alloys (WHA)
mechanical properties
structure
Opis:: The results of studies of W-Ni-Co-Fe experimental alloy, with chemical composition assuring a possibility of producing Ni-based supersaturated solid solution are presented. The alloy was prepared from tungsten, nickel, cobalt and iron powders which were first mixed then melted in a ceramic crucible where they slowly solidified in hydrogen atmosphere. Next specimens were cut from the casting and heated at a temperature 950oC. After solution treatment the specimens were water quenched and then aged for 20 h at a temperature 300oC. The specimens were subjected to microhardness measurements and structure investigations. The latter included both conventional metallography and SEM observations. Moreover, for some specimens X-ray diffractometry studies and TEM investigations were conducted. It was concluded that quenching lead to an increase of tungsten concentration in nickel matrix which was confirmed by Ni lattice parameter increase. Aging of supersaturated solid solution caused strengthening of the Ni-based matrix, which was proved by hardness measurements. The TEM observation did not yield explicit proofs that the precipitation process could be responsible for strengthening of the alloy.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 4; 75-80
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Effect of heat treatment on breakage rate function of ulexite
Autorzy:: Ipek, H.
Sahan, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110413.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: ulexite
grinding
ball milling
breakage rate function
heat treatment
microwave
Opis:: The kinetics of batch grinding and heat treated of ulexite using different size fractions (–3350+2360, –2360+1700, –1700+1180, 1180+850, –850+600, –600+425, –425+300, –300+212 and – 212+150 micrometers was determined using a standard Bond ball mill. It was found that breakage of ulexite follows the first order behavior for all feed sizes with the correlation coefficients equal to approximately 98%. The dry grinding of the single-sized fraction and heat treatment of ulexite showed that heat treatment samples were ground much faster than the original ulexite samples.
Źródło:: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2013, 49, 2; 651-658
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: The Design of Cast Technological Equipment for Heat Treatment Furnaces
Autorzy:: Drotlew, A.
Piekarski, B.
Słowik, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383016.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: innovative foundry materials
innovative foundry technologies
heat treatment plant
heat treatment furnaces
materiały innowacyjne
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
piec do obróbki cieplnej
urządzenia do obróbki cieplnej
Opis:: Various examples of the design of cast elements of the equipment used in furnaces for the heat treatment of machine parts are given. Shortcomings in their performance are indicated. Reasons for required stability of equipment are briefly discussed. Elements of equipment illustrate the possibilities of using a charge-carrying pallet with dimensions of 900×600×45 mm as a basis for multi-component technological equipment. Introducing additional elements, such as metal baskets, intermediate pallets or crossbars to the main pallet, it becomes possible to create different configurations of this equipment. The technological equipment presented and discussed here is offered to different plants which heat-treat a wide variety of produced parts. It was found that the reliability and durability of new designed equipment can be checked only during practical use. For large plants dealing with the heat treatment of bulk quantities of parts homogeneous or similar in shape is recommended to use the dedicated tooling.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 31-36
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Ductile Cast Iron Microstructure Adjustment by Means of Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Mróz, M.
Orłowicz, A. W.
Tupaj, M.
Kupiec, B.
Kawiński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947626.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: ductile cast iron
heat treatment
microstructure
żeliwo sferoidalne
obróbka cieplna
mikrostruktura
Opis:: The study presented in this paper concerned the possibility to apply a heat treatment process to ductile cast-iron thin-walled castings in order to remove excessive quantities of pearlite and eutectic cementite precipitates and thus meet the customer’s requirements. After determining the rates of heating a casting up to and cooling down from 900°C feasible in the used production heat treatment furnace (vh = 300°C/h and vc = 200°C/h, respectively), dilatometric tests were carried out to evaluate temperatures Tgr, TAc1start, TAc1end, TAr1start, and TAr1end. The newly acquired knowledge was the base on which conditions for a single-step ferritizing heat treatment securing disintegration of pearlite were developed as well as those of a two-step ferritization process guaranteeing complete disintegration of cementite and arriving at the required ferrite and pearlite content. A purely ferritic matrix and hardness of 119 HB was secured by the treatment scheme: 920°C for 2 hours / vc = 60°C/h / 720°C for 4 hours. A matrix containing 20–45% of pearlite and hardness of 180–182 HB was obtained by applying: 920°C for 2 hours or 4 hours / vc = 200°C/h to 650°C / ambient air.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 3; 37-40
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Monitoring of Heat Treatment Processes by High Energy Synchrotron Radiation
Autorzy:: Klemradt, U.
Rieger, T.
Herrmann, K.
Carmele, D.
Meyer, S.
Lippmann, T.
Stark, A.
Bleck, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1490740.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012-01
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 61.05.cp
81.05.Bx
81.30.Kf
81.40.Ef
Opis:: Advanced engineering materials are frequently based on multiphase microstructures, where the decisive step is the heat treatment adjusting the desired microstructure. A typical example are transformation-induced plasticity assisted steels, where the steel grades depend on the phase composition and the deformation-induced transformation of retained austenite into martensite. Usually methods for microstructural characterization are only applied after completion of the heat treatment process and comprise typically microscopy and X-ray analysis with laboratory tubes. Both methods can suffer from artefacts and probe a relatively small surface or volume, respectively. However, in the last decade synchrotron facilities have become available that offer very hard X-rays, which open up new possibilities for the observation of heat treatment processes owing to the unique combination of extremely high intensities with large penetration depths (mm scale). Sophisticated sample environments allow for complex in situ experiments, currently with a time resolution on the order of seconds. Only recently a commercial dilatometer of type Bähr Dil805AD has become available at the HARWI-2 beamline at the HASYLAB. This experimental setup was used for the in situ investigation of the quenching and partitioning process in transformation-induced plasticity steels. The experiments were performed in transmission at a wavelength of 0.0124 nm. The Debye-Scherrer rings were observed arising from statistical grain distributions characteristic for each microstructure. The time-resolved measurements allow conclusions about the phases present in the sample, their lattice parameters, texture and grain size.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 1; 39-43
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Effect of heat treatment on micro structural changes in aluminium bronze
Autorzy:: Hájek, J.
Křiž, A.
Chocholaty, O.
Pakuła, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356861.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: aluminium bronzes
heat treatment
microstructure
EDS
corrosion resistance
Opis:: Effect of heat treatment on micro structural changes in aluminium bronze This paper attempts to summarise the niicrostructural changes which take place in aluniiniuni bronzes during heat treatment. Another objective of this study was to map the potential of a certain type of aluminium bronzes for undergoing martensitic transformation. The methods, which were chosen for assessing the results of heat treatment with regard to their availability, included measurement of hardness and observation of inicrostructure using light and scanning electron microscopy. Additional tools for evaluation of microstructure comprised measurement of microhardness and chemical analysis by EDS. An important part of the experiment is observation of microstructural changes in the Joniiny bar during the end-quench test. Upon completing experiments of this kind, one can define the heat treatment conditions necessary for obtaining optimum properties. In addition, the paper presents important findings on how to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminium bronzes by special heat treatment sequences.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1271-1276
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:: Determination of heat treatment parameters for heavily - loaded aircraft engine components
Autorzy:: Rokicki, P.
Dychtoń, K.
Nowotnik, A.
Drajewicz, M.
Sieniawski, J.
Kurkowski, D.
Wierzbińska, M
Jakubowicz, G.
Budzik, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243068.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: aircraft engine components
vacuum carburizing
heat treatment
quenching
alloy steel microstructure
Opis:: Gears, due to their complex shape, carried load and required accuracy are ones of most complex aircraft engine parts. Single tooth damage usually breaks the power transmission and causes failure of the entire gear system. Adequate sustainability and guarantees of transmission is therefore a condition for secure operation of whole device. Particularly high requirements for reliability are put to transmissions used in the aerospace industry. Due to the loads which are transmitted through the gears, the materials used by the manufacturer must have not only high strength but also show the abrasion resistance of the surface layer and the ductility of the core. Proper parameters matching allows to create an element that can operate at higher stresses and loads. In addition, factor strength and abrasion resistance of the surface layer has a significant impact on the life of the gear. Thermo-chemical treatment of industrial gears is a fundamental process, which gives them adequate mechanical properties regarding loads they carry and the surface conditions of work. Among many methods of thermo-chemical treatment used in the industry, the most distinctive are innovative technologies designed to reduce process costs and being more environmentally friendly. The most promising methods in the discussed field are vacuum carburizing and high-pressure hardening, which by their specification of work significantly reduce the emission of CO2 and the duration of the process, without reducing the quality of the final product. The main aim of the paper is to present criteria for selection of heat treatment parameters as a part of thermo-chemical treatment process performed using vacuum methods. Proper heat treatment parameters are crucial in programming of some of final material characteristics as grain size and retained austenite morphology.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 349-354
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:: Multistep Heat-Treatment Effects on Electrospun Nd-Fe-B-O Nanofibers
Autorzy:: Jeon, E. J.
Eom, N. S. A.
Lee, J.
Lee, B.
Cho, H. M.
On, J. S.
Choa, Y.-H
Kim, B. S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354311.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Nd-Fe-B
nanofibers
electrospinning
heat treatment
Opis:: Neodymium-Iron-Boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets are considered to have the highest energy density, and their applications include electric motors, generators, hard disc drives, and MRI. It is well known that a fiber structure with a high aspect ratio and the large specific surface area has the potential to overcome the limitations, such as inhomogeneous structures and the difficulty in alignment of easy axis, associated with such magnets obtained by conventional methods. I n this work, a suitable heat-treatment procedure based on single-step and multistep treatments to synthesize sound electrospun Nd-Fe-B-O nanofibers of Φ572 nm was investigated. The single-step heat-treated (directly heat-treated at 800°C for 2 h in air) samples disintegrated along with the residual organic compounds, whereas the multistep heat-treated (sequential three-step heat-treated including three steps;: dehydration (250°C for 30 min in an inert atmosphere), debinding (650°C for 30 min in air), and calcination (800°C for 1 h in air)) fibers maintained sound fibrous morphology without any organic impurities. They could maintain such fibrous morphologies during the dehydration and debinding steps because of the relatively low internal pressures of water vapor and polymer, respectively. In addition, the NdFeO₃ alloying phase was dominant in the multistep heat-treated fibers due to the removal of barriers to mass transfer in the interparticles.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1433-1437
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:: Cast steels for creep-resistant parts used in heat treatment plants
Autorzy:: Drotlew, A.
Garbiak, M.
Piekarski, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380318.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
staliwo austenityczne Ni-Cr
obróbka cieplna
innovative foundry technologies
innovative foundry materials
cast Ni-Cr austenitic steel
castings for heat treatment plants
Opis:: Creep-resistant parts of heat treatment furnaces are in most cases made from high-alloyed chromium-nickel and nickel-chromium iron alloys, both cast and wrought. This paper presents the types of casting alloys used for this particular purpose, since the majority of furnace components are made by the casting process. Standards were cited which give symbols of alloy grades used in technical specifications by the domestic industry. It has been indicated that castings made currently are based on a wider spectrum of the creep-resistant alloy grades than the number of alloys covered by the standards. Alloy grades recommended by the technical literature for individual parts of the furnace equipment were given. The recommendations reflect both the type of the technological process used and the technical tasks performed by individual parts of the furnace equipment. Comments were also made on the role of individual alloying elements in shaping the performance properties of castings.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 4; 31-38
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:: Changes In Properties of Hot-Dip Zinc Coating Resulting from Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Jędrzejczyk, D.
Szatkowska, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351543.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: hot-dip zinc galvanizing
heat treatment
coating hardness
Opis:: This paper analyses the heat treatment of the hot-dip zinc coating deposited on both cast iron and steel. The aim of research is to increase coating hardness and wear resistance without decreasing its anticorrosion properties. Hot-dip zinc coating was deposited in industrial conditions (acc. PN-EN ISO 10684) on disc shape samples and bolts M12x60. The achieved results were assessed on the basis of microscopic observation (with the use of an optical and scanning microscope), EDS (point and linear) analysis and micro-hardness measurements. It was discovered that the heat treatment of zinc coating results in an increase in hardness which is caused by the corresponding changes in microstructure.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 1; 201-206
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:: Analysis of the High Chromium Cast Iron Microstructure after the Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Kopyciński, D.
Guzik, E.
Siekaniec, D.
Szczęsny, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382103.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: high chromium cast iron
heat treatment
hardening
tempering
soft annealing
żeliwo wysokochromowe
obróbka cieplna
hartowanie
wyżarzanie
Opis:: The article presents results of heat treatment on the high chromium cast iron. The study was carrying out on samples cut from the casting made from chromium cast iron. Those were hardened at different temperatures, then tempered and soft annealed. The heat treatment was performed in a laboratory chamber furnace in the Department of Engineering Alloys and Composites at Faculty of Foundry Engineering AGH. At each stage of the heat treatment the hardness was measured by Vickers and Rockwell methods, and the microscope images were done. Additionally based on images from the optical microscope the microstructure was assessed. Based on these results, the effect of hardening, tempering and soft annealing on the microstructure and hardness of high chromium cast iron was studied. Next the effects of different hardening temperatures on the properties of high chromium cast iron were compared. The study led to systemize the literature data of the parameters of heat treatment of high chromium cast iron, and optimal conditions for heat treatment was proposed for casts of similar properties and parameters.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 3; 43-46
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:: Increasing of Utility Properties of Grey Cast Iron Castings with Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Eperješi, Š.
Malik, J.
Vasková, I.
Fecko, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380865.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: grey cast iron
heat treatment
hardening capacity
austenite
martensite
żeliwo szare
obróbka cieplna
austenit
martenzyt
Opis:: Grey cast iron belongs to materials for casting production, which have wide application for different industry branches. Wide spectrum of properties of these materials is given by the structure of base metal matrix, which can be influenced with heat treatment. Processes of annealing can be applied for grey cast iron without problems. During heat treatment processes, where higher cooling rates are used, the thermal and structural strains become important. Usage and conditions of such heat treatment for grey cast iron castings of common production are the subject of evaluation of this article.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2; 13-16
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:: Influence of Heat Treatment on Properties of Ni-B/B Composite Coatings
Autorzy:: Mazurek, A.
Bartoszek, W.
Cieślak, G.
Gajewska-Midziałek, A.
Oleszak, D.
Trzaska, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352856.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Ni-B/B composite coating
Ni-B alloy coating
boron powder
heat treatment
Opis:: The results of research on preparations of alloy Ni-B/B composite coatings produced by chemical reduction method on a carbon steel substrate are collected in this paper. The alloy Ni-B coatings were also investigated for comparative purposes. The produced coatings were subjected to a heat treatment process. The boron powder with the particles size below 1 μm was used as the dispersion phase. The structure of the coatings was examined by X-ray diffraction method. Boron powder particles as well as surface morphology and topography were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The roughness test, microhardness and corrosion resistance by potentiodynamic method and surface wettability tests were carried out. Analysis of the chemical composi-tion by the EDS method showed that the boron powder particles were evenly embedded in the entire volume of the coating. Ni-B/Bcomposite coatings are characterized by higher hardness than alloy Ni-B coatings. As a result of heat treatment, the Ni₃ B phase crystallized, which increased the hardness of the coating material. The incorporation of boron powder particles and heat treatment reduce the corrosion resistance of coatings. All produced coatings exhibited hydrophobic properties.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 2; 839-844
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:: Microstructure Development of Spark Plasma Sintered Ti-Nb Alloy by Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Haq, M. A.
Abbas, S. F.
Eom, N. S. A.
Kim, T. S.
Lee, B.
Park, K.-T.
Kim, B. S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355593.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: TiNb alloy
Spark plasma sintering
Heat treatment
Microstructure
β-phase titanium
Opis:: The β-phase Titanium (β-Ti) alloys have been under the spotlight in the recent past for their use as biomedical prosthetic materials owing to their excellent properties such as low elastic modulus, high corrosion resistance and tensile strength. Recently, Niobium (Nb) has gained a lot of attention as a β-phase stabilizing element in Ti alloys to replace Vanadium (V) due to its excellent solubility in Ti, low elastic modulus and biocompatibility. In this work, low cost Ti-20Nb binary alloy has been fabricated via powder metallurgy procedures. The blended powder mixtures of Ti and Nb were sintered at 900°C for 20 mins by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) with an applied uniaxial pressure of 40 MPa. The heating rate was fixed at 50°C/min. The sintered alloy was subject to heat treatments at 1200°C in vacuum condition for various time durations. The characterizations of microstructure obtained during this process were done using FE-SEM, EDS and XRD. By increasing heat treatment time, as understood, the volume of residual Nb particles was decreased resulting in accelerated diffusion of Nb into Ti. Micro hardness of the alloy increased from 340 to 355 HV with the increase in β phase content from 30 to 45%. The resultant alloys had relatively high densities and homogenized microstructures of dispersed lamellar β grains in α matrix.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1429-1432
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:: Effect of heat treatment on the surface of selected exotic wood species
Autorzy:: Ayata, U.
Gurleyen, L.
Esteves, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52827.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Źródło:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2017, 60, 199
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:: Thermal Stresses in the Accessories of Heat Treatment Furnaces vs Cooling Kinetics
Autorzy:: Bajwoluk, A.
Gutowski, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382585.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: foundry industry
application of information technology
information technology
grates
thermal stresses
heat treatment equipment
przemysł odlewniczy
zastosowanie technologii informatycznej
technologia informatyczna
ruszty
naprężenia termiczne
sprzęt do obróbki cieplnej
Opis:: Depending on the course of the processes of heat treatment and thermo-chemical treatment, the technological equipment of heat treatment furnaces is exposed to different operating conditions, as the said processes differ among themselves in the temperature of annealing and atmosphere prevailing in the furnace chamber, in the duration of a single work cycle and in the type and temperature of the coolant. These differences affect the magnitude of stresses occurring in each cycle of the operation of furnace accessories, and thus play an important role in fatigue processes leading to the destruction of these accessories. The kinetics of temperature changes during each cooling process plays an important role in the formation of thermal stresses on the cross-section of the cooled parts. It depends on many factors, including the initial cooling temperature, the type and temperature of the cooling medium, or the dimensions and shape of the object. This article presents a numerical analysis of the effect of the initial temperature on the distribution of stresses on the cross-section of the grate ribs, generated in the first few seconds of the cooling process carried out in two cooling media, i.e. hardening oil and water. The analysis was carried out by the finite element method, based on the results of experimental testes of temperature changes in the rib during its cooling.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 3; 88-93
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:: The Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation and Heat Treatment on CuCrZr Alloys
Autorzy:: Kováčová, A.
Kvačkaj, T.
Kočiško, R.
Dragošek, L.
Lityńska-Dobrzyńska, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032905.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017-05
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 81.05.Bx
81.40.Cd
61.72.Ff
Opis:: CuCrZr alloy was subjected to equal channel angular pressing method, belonging to the severe plastic deformation group, followed by heat treatment under different ageing conditions to optimize mechanical properties of the alloy. Before equal channel angular pressing, CuCrZr alloy was treated by solution annealing at temperature 1020°C for 1 h. Afterwards, samples were pressed through an equal channel angular pressing die once at room temperature and subjected to artificial ageing under different conditions (200, 400, 450, 480°C for 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 min). Optimization of the CuCrZr alloy was done through the study of mechanical properties and microhardness as a function of ageing temperature and time considering the progress in microstructural/substructural features.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 5; 1336-1339
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:: Effect of heat treatment on microhardness of electroless Ni-YSZ cermet coating
Autorzy:: Bahiyah Baba, N.
Ghazali, A. S.
Abdul Rahman, A. H.
Sharif, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201036.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:: Ni-YSZ
cermet
coating
microhardness
heating temperature
heating time
electroless nickel
powłoka
mikrotwardość
temperatura nagrzewania
czas nagrzewania
bezprądowe powlekanie niklem
Opis:: Purpose: The paper discussed the effect of heat treatment on electroless nickel-yttria-stabilised zirconia (Ni-YSZ) cermet coating. Ni-YSZ cermet coating has potential applications such as cutting tools, thermal barriers, solid oxide fuel anode, and various others. The compatibility of ceramic YSZ and metallic nickel in terms of the mechanical properties such as hardness by varying the heating temperature, time and ceramic particle size is highlighted. Design/methodology/approach: Ni-YSZ cermet coating was deposited onto a highspeed steel substrate using the electroless nickel co-deposition method. The temperature and time were varied in a range of 300-400°C and 1-2 hours, respectively. The microhardness measurements were carried out using a Vickers microhardness tester (Shimadzu) according to ISO 6507-4. The surface characterisation of the cermet coating was carried out using JOEL Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) JSM 7800F. The crystallographic structure of materials was analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Findings: It was found that the microhardness of Ni-YSZ cermet coating with the ratio of 70:30, respectively, is directly proportional to the heating temperature and time. Heating the Ni-YSZ cermet coating at 300°C from room temperature (rtp) to 1 hour shows a 12% microhardness increment, while from 1 to 2 hours gives a 19% increment. Compared to heating at 350°C and 400°C, the increment is more significant at 33% and 49% for rtp to 1 hour and 8% and 16% for 1 to 2 hours, respectively. In addition, the effect of varying YSZ particle size in the Ni-YSZ cermet gave response differently for heating temperature and heating time. Research limitations/implications: The paper is only limited to the discussion of the heat treatment effect on Ni-YSZ cermet coating hardness property. The tribological effect will be in future work. Practical implications: The microhardness data may vary due to the Vickers microhardness force applied and the amount of ceramic particle incorporation and phosphorus content in the nickel matrix. Originality/value: The value of this work is the compatibility of the ceramic YSZ and metallic nickel matrix in terms of mechanical properties, such as hardness, upon heat treatment.
Źródło:: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2022, 113, 1; 5--12
1734-8412
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:: Wpływ obróbki cieplno-chemicznej i cieplnej na właściwości dynamiczno-mechaniczne staliwa stopowego
The influence the heat treatment, chemical-heat treatment on the dynamic-mechanical properties of alloy cast steel
Autorzy:: Budzynowski, T.
Kucharczyk, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311983.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:: staliwo stopowe
obróbka cieplna i cieplno-chemiczna
właściwości dynamiczno-mechaniczne
cast alloy
heat treatment and thermo-chemical
dynamic mechanical properties
Opis:: Praca zawiera ocenę właściwości dynamiczno-mechanicznych grupy staliw stopowych w funkcji czasu i podczas periodycznych zmian obciążenia. Badania przeprowadzono na grupie staliw w stanie surowym, po azotowaniu gazowym i po hartowaniu.
This work contain evaluating property of dynamic-mechanical of group cast steels during periodical loading change. Testings were done on the group of alloy cast steels in raw, nitriding in gas atmospheres and heat and chemical treatment.
Źródło:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 6; 817-820
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:: Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:: Influence of antimony modification and heat treatment on the AlSi9CuMnNi alloy
Autorzy:: Naprstkova, N.
Caiss, J.
Sviantek, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/111952.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:: aluminium alloy
heat treatment
manufacturing
stop aluminium
obróbka cieplna
produkcja
Opis:: Modification of alloys is an important part of the metallurgical process, and this also applies to aluminum alloys, particularly for Al-Si (silumins). As a modification of the material we can utilise the modification using the selected element or heat treatment of alloys, or a combination of both processes. One of the elements that it is possible to modify the alloy of Al-Si used is antimony (Sb). The paper examines the possible effect of the modification of that element and heat treatment on the final structure of the alloy AlSi9CuMnNi and other selected properties after machining. In the experiments three castings from the alloy AlSi9CuMnNi were made without modification, three castings with the modification and without heat treatment, three castings with modification and without heat treatment, and three castings with modification and heat treatment. The described experiment and analysis are part of extensive research undertaken at Faculty of Production Technology and Management, J. E. Purkyně University in Ústínad Labem.
Źródło:: Production Engineering Archives; 2015, 8, 3; 18-21
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:: Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:: Wpływ modyfikacji i obróbki cieplnej (przesycanie, przesycanie + starzenie) na strukturę i właściwości mechaniczne brązu CuAl10Fe3Mn2
Effect of modification and heat treatment (solution heat treatment, and solution heat treatment + ageing) on structure and mechanical properties of CuAl10Fe3Mn2 bronze
Autorzy:: Gazda, A.
Górny, Z.
Kluska-Nawarecka, S.
Saja, K.
Warmuzek, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391393.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Odlewnictwa
Tematy:: modyfikacja stopów miedzi
stopy miedzi
obróbka cieplna
modification of copper alloys
copper alloys
heat treatment
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia oceny wpływu modyfikacji oraz wielowariantowej obróbki cieplnej na właściwości mechaniczne brązu aluminiowego CuAl10Fe3Mn2. Analizę przepro- wadzono na podstawie badań wytrzymałości (Rm, Rp0,2, A, Z), twardości (HB), badań kalorymetrycznych i dylatometrycznych, a także badań metalograficznych. Analizę otrzymanych wyników przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem nowoczesnych metod analizy statystycznej problemu odwrotnego metodą logiki rozmytej, wraz z interpretacją graficzną za pomocą wykresów powierzchniowych. Uzyskano interesujące wyniki, pozwalające w pewnym stopniu na sterowanie właściwościami mechanicznymi stopu CuAl10Fe3Mn2 w zależności od rodzaju prowadzonej obróbki cieplnej.
The article discusses problems related with the evaluation of the effect of modification and multi-variant heat treatment on mechanical properties of CuAl10Fe3Mn2 aluminium bronze. The evaluation was based on the results of mechanical tests (Rm, Rp0,2, A, Z), hardness measurements (HB), calorimetric and dilatometric examinations, and metallography. The results were analysed by modern methods of the statistical analysis of an inverse problem using fuzzy logic, combined with graphical interpretation of surface charts. Interesting results were obtained, and they enable control of mechanical properties of CuAl10Fe3Mn2 alloy, depending on the type of the carried out heat treatment.
Źródło:: Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa; 2010, 50, 2; 37-63
1899-2439
Pojawia się w:: Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:: Simulation of Heat Treatment of Carburization and Nitrocementation of 16MnCr5 Steel
Autorzy:: Kantoríková, Elena
Fabian, P.
Sýkorová, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2126897.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: cementation
nitrocementation
heat treatment
simulation
carburizing
cementowanie
nitrocementacja
obróbka cieplna
symulacja
nawęglanie
Opis:: Simulation is used today in many contexts, such as simulating technology to tune or optimize performance, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and entertainment. In some industries, simulations are commonly used, but in heat treatment this is rather an exception. The paper compares the simulation of carburization and nitrocementation of 16MnCr5 steel with a practical application. The aim was to determine the applicability of chemical heat treatment simulation. We were looking for an answer to the question: to what extent can we rely on the technological design of heat treatment? The software designed the heat treatment technology. He drew the technological process of chemical-thermal treatment of 16MnCr5 steel. The thickness of the cementite layer was 1 mm and the nitrocementation 1.2 mm. Changes in mechanical properties were observed. Cementing, nitrocementing, hardness, microhardness, metallography, and spectral analysis were practically performed. This article describes the benefits of simulation, speed and accuracy of the process. The only difference was in determining the carbon potential. The simulation confirmed the practical use and its contribution in the technological process.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 4; 97--102
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:: Densification and Magnetic Properties of Fe Powder Compacts According to Heat-Treatment Conditions
Autorzy:: Yoo, Hyo-Sang
Kim, Yong-Ho
Kim, Cheol-Woo
Son, Hyeon-Taek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203721.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Fe powder
heat-treatment
microstructure
density
Opis:: In this study, the effects of heat-treatment conditions of Fe powder compacts on densification, microstructure, strength and magnetic properties were investigated. The prepared Fe powder was compressed in a mold of diameter 20 mm at a pressure of 800 MPa for 30 sec. This Fe powder compact was heat-treated under different atmospheres (air and 90% Ar + 10% H2 and heat-treatment temperatures (300 and 700℃). The Fe powder compacts heat-treated in an Ar+H2 mixed gas atmosphere showed a denser microstructure and higher density than the Fe powder compacts heat-treated in an air atmosphere. Oxygen content in the heat-treatment conditions played a signiﬁcant role in the improvement of the densiﬁcation and magnetic properties.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 1; 47--50
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:: Effect of Heat Treatment Parameters on the Toughness of Unalloyed Ausferritic Ductile Iron
Autorzy:: Guzik, E.
Sokolnicki, M.
Nowak, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382323.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: ductile cast iron
heat treatment
ADI
toughness
mechanical properties
ausferrite
żeliwo sferoidalne
obróbka cieplna
wytrzymałość
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:: Studies were carried out to determine the effect of heat treatment parameters on the plastic properties of unalloyed ausferritic ductile iron, such as the elongation and toughness at ambient temperature and at – 60°C. The effect of austenitizing temperature (850, 900 and 950°C) and ausferritizing time (5 - 180 min.) at a temperature of 360°C was also discussed. The next step covered investigations of a relationship that is believed to exist between the temperature (270, 300, 330, 360 and 390°C) and time (5, 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240 min.) of the austempering treatment and the mechanical properties of unalloyed ausferritic ductile iron, when the austenitizing temperature is 950°C. The “process window” was calculated for the ADI characterized by high toughness corresponding to the EN-GJS-800-10-RT and EN-GJS-900-8 grades according to EN-PN 1564 and to other high-strength grades included in this standard. Low-alloyed cast iron with the nodular graphite is an excellent starting material for the technological design of all the ausferritic ductile iron grades included in the PN-EN-1624 standard. The examined cast iron is characterized by high mechanical properties stable within the entire range of heat treatment parameters.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 79-84
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:: Influence of Pre-heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Austempered Ductile Cast Iron
Autorzy:: Nawrocki, P.
Wasiluk, K.
Łukasik, K.
Myszka, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380943.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: ausferritic ductile iron
heat treatment
dilatometric studies
JMatPro
CCT and TTT diagrams
żeliwo sferoidalne
obróbka cieplna
badania dylatometryczne
program JMatPro
Opis:: The paper presents the effect of pre-heat treatment on the mechanical properties of ductile cast iron with elevated content of Cu and Mo elements. Austempered Ductile Iron is a material with non-standard properties, combining high tensile strength and abrasion resistance with very good plasticity. In addition, it is prone to strain hardening and have good machining abilities. The study was conducted for five designed heat treatment cycles. The variables were the time and temperature of the pre-heat treatment, followed by one of two standard heat treatments for ADI cast iron. The aim of the authors was fragmentation of the grains of perlite during the initial heat treatment. It is presumed, that subsequent heat treatment will cause further refinement of the microstructure than would be the case without initial heat treatment. Diffusion is much faster than in case of ferritic matrix of cast iron. The results will be used to evaluate material for the production of parts of equipment that must operate under extreme load conditions.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 1; 176-180
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:: Heat Treatment of the SiMo Iron Castings - Case Study in the Automotive Foundry
Autorzy:: Cygan, B.
Stawarz, M.
Jezierski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379738.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
solidification process
SiMo cast iron
exhaust manifold
automotive parts
obróbka termiczna
proces krzepnięcia
żeliwo SiMo
kolektor wydechowy
części samochodowe
Opis:: Silicon – molybdenum cast iron commonly called SiMo due to its unique properties has becoming more and more interesting engineering material. The history and development of this alloy is relatively long but, due to the significant difficulties during the manufacturing process resulting in the lower final quality than expected, it has not been applied to often in practice. The biggest challenge is its brittleness as a result of the carbides precipitations. During last few years, thanks to the many important researches made and the general foundry technology development, the interest in SiMo iron has been rapidly growing, especially for the castings for heavy duty applications like corrosion, high temperature and wear abrasion resistant parts. In the article the heat treatment attempts to improve the microstructure of SiMo castings has been presented. The goal was to destroy or at least to refine and uniformly distribute the carbides precipitations to improve mechanical properties of the exhaust manifold castings for the cars. The experiments were carried out for the alloy contains approx. 4% Si, 1% Mo and 3.2%C. The range of the research included: hardness measuring, standard mechanical properties and microstructure for as-cast state and after that the subsequent heat treatment process with another properties check. The result of the heat treatment was the elimination of pearlite from the metal matrix. Moreover, the changes of the carbide molybdenum – rich phase morphology were observed. The dispersion of the carbides precipitations in the carbides area was observed. The experiments proved the possibility to control the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the SiMo castings by means of heat treatment but only to some extent.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 4; 103-109
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:: Effect of Heat Treatment and Pulse Plasma Process on Surface Properties of Steels
Autorzy:: Özbek, Y.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032518.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017-01
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 81.65.Lp
Opis:: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of heat treatment and pulse plasma treatment on surface properties of AISI 1050 steel used in this work. Firstly, the heat treatment was applied to samples for 2 h at 860°C. The quenching media were selected as water and oil and air cooling was applied. The tempering process was applied at different temperatures like 600°C, 500°C, 400°C and 100°C. Having completed the heat treatment, the pulse plasma process was applied to all samples. The surfaces were investigated with optic microscope, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The hardness testing was done for all samples from surface to center. The mechanical properties were improved after pulse plasma treatment.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 1; 182-185
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:: Influence of Heat Treatment on Abrasive Wear Resistance of Silumin Matrix Composite Castings
Autorzy:: Gawdzińska, K.
Bryll, K.
Nagolska, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352168.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: metal composite castings
thermal treatment
tribology
aluminium alloy
Opis:: The authors attempted at examining the effect of heat treatment on abrasive wear resistance of metal composite castings. Metal matrix composites were made by infiltrating preforms created from unordered short fibers (graphite or silumin) with liquid aluminium alloy AlSi12(b). Thus prepared composites were subject to solution heat treatment at a temperature of 520°C for four hours, then aging at a temperature of 220°C for four hours. Abrasion resistance of the material was tested before and after thermal treatment.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 177-182
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:: Modification of Heat Treatment Parameters for Pearlite Steel Intended for Cold Plastic Working
Autorzy:: Grygier, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/99395.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:: drawing
pearlite
cementite
coagulation
tempering
Opis:: One of the problems widely discussed in the relevant literature is the fatigue cracking of pearlite steel subjected to cold plastic working, as well as of that being currently in operation. Studies presented in the work were aimed at selection of the parameters, and mainly the time, of heat treatment operations of pearlite steel enabling obtaining cold drawn wires characterised with better plastic properties and higher fatigue resistance than the products achieved during standard processes. The idea of modification was based at possibility of obtaining steel of the sorbite, which are a mixture of ferrite and dispersion cementite of high degree of coagulation. The structures obtained with this method, as being globular, should be featured with better plastic properties than the lamellar structures created during standard diffusion transformation of austenite. In addition the discussed change was to enable decreasing the total surface of interphase boundaries at which the highest delaminations of structure were observed, regardless of whether the cause of the change resulted from presence of non-metallic inclusions or pile-up of dislocations.
Źródło:: Journal of Machine Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 44-51
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:: The influence of heat treatment on stress corrosion of Al-Zn-Mg alloys
Autorzy:: Jurczak, Wojciech.
Powiązania:: Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Marynarki Wojennej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte, 2006, nr 2, s. 37-50
Data publikacji:: 2006
Tematy:: Aluminium metalurgia
Stopy lekkie mechanika
Korozja i erozja
Budownictwo okrętowe
Opis:: Rys., tab.; Bibliogr.; Abstr., streszcz.
Dostawca treści:: Bibliografia CBW

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:: Effect of Heat Treatment on the Optical Properties of Cobalt Doped Stannic Oxide
Autorzy:: Hasan, J. S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411548.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: thin films
chemical spray pyrolysis
dilute magnetic semiconductor
stannic oxide
doping
Opis:: This study investigates The effect of annealing on The optical properties of (SnO2:Co) films prepared by spray pyrolysis (SP) technique at a glass substrate temperature (Ts = 773 K). The absorbance and transmittance spectra have been recorded in order to calculate the optical constant and the optical band gap energy of the films. It was found that the annealing affects all the parameters under investigations.
Źródło:: International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 9; 59-70
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:: The effect of heat treatment simulating porcelain firing processes on titanium corrosion resistance
Autorzy:: Sokołowski, G.
Rylska, D.
Sokołowski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306670.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: odporność korozyjna
polaryzacja potencjodynamiczna
napalanie porcelany
corrosion resistance
potentiodynamic polarization
porcelain firing
titanium-ceramic dental restorations
Opis:: Purpose: Corrosion resistance of titanium used in metal-ceramic restorations in manufacturing is based on the presence of oxide layer on the metal surface. The procedures used during combining metallic material with porcelain may affect the changes in oxide layers structure, and thus anticorrosive properties of metallic material. The aim of the study was an evaluation of potential changes in the structure and selected corrosion properties of titanium after sandblasting and thermal treatment applicable to the processes of ceramics fusion. Methods: Milled titanium elements were subjected to a few variants of the processes typical of ceramics fusion and studied in terms of resistance to electrochemical corrosion. The study included the OCP changes over time, measurements of Icorr, Ecorr and Rp as well as potentiodynamic examinations. Surface microstructure and chemical composition were analyzed using SEM and EDS methods. Results: The results obtained allow us to conclude that the processes corresponding to ceramic oxidation and fusion on titanium in the variants used in the study do not cause deterioration of its anticorrosive properties, and partially enhance the resistance. This depends on the quality of oxide layers structure. Conclusions: Titanium elements treated by porcelain firing processes do not lose their corrosion resistance.
Źródło:: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2016, 18, 2; 93-102
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:: The effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of 42CrMo4 steel
Autorzy:: Çalık, A.
Dokuzlar, O.
Uçar, N.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/368557.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:: 42CrMo4 steel
quenching
tempering
martensite structure
mechanical properties
stal 42CrMo4
hartowanie
odpuszczanie
struktura martenzytyczna
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:: Purpose: In this study, the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 42CrMo4 steel were investigated. Design/methodology/approach: The samples were annealed at 860°C for 120 min. followed by oil quenching and then tempered at temperatures between 480 and 570°C for 120 min. The microstructure of untreated 42CrMo4 steel mainly consists of pearlite and ferrite whereas the microstructure was found to be as a martensitic structure with a quenching process. Findings: The results showed that there is an increase in yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, hardness and impact energy, while elongation decreases at the end of the quenching process. Conversely, yield stress, ultimate tensile stress and hardness decrease slightly with the increasing of tempering temperature, while elongation and impact energy increase. Research limitations/implications: Other types of steels can be heat treated in a wider temperature range and the results can be compared. Practical implications: It is a highly effective method for improving the mechanical properties of heat treatment materials. Originality/value: A relationship between the mechanical properties and the microstructure of materials can be developed. The heat treatment is an effective method for this process.
Źródło:: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2020, 98, 1; 5-10
1734-8412
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:: Fabrication of Mo-Si-B Intermetallic Compound Powders Under Different Heat Treatment Conditions
Autorzy:: Park, J. H.
Lee, S.
Kim, D.
Kim, Y.
Yang, S. H.
Lee, S. H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353369.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Mo-Si-B alloys
intermetallic compounds
reitveld refinement
T2 phase
A15 phase
Opis:: In this research, we investigated the effects of reduction atmospheres on the creation of the Mo-Si-B intermetallic compounds (IMC) during the heat treatments. For outstanding anti-oxidation and elevated mechanical strength at the ultrahigh temperature, we fabricated the uniformly dispersed IMC powders such as Mo₅SiB₂ (T2) and Mo₃Si (A15) phases using the two steps of chemical reactions. Especially, in the second procedure, we studied the influence of the atmospheres (e.g. vacuum, argon, and hydrogen) on the synthesis of IMCs during the reduction. Furthermore, the newly produced IMCs were observed by SEM, XRD, and EDS to identify the phase of the compounds. We also calculated an amount of IMCs in the reduced powders depending on the atmosphere using the Reitveld refinement method. Consequently, it is found that hydrogen atmosphere was suitable for fabrication of IMC without other IMC phases.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1509-1512
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:: The process of regenerative heat treatment of the valve chamber of the steam turbine
Autorzy:: Wieczorska, Agata
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243595.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: regenerative heat treatment
valve chamber
steam turbine
Opis:: Steel castings are often used in the construction of valve chambers of steam turbines. Stringent requirements are set due to the continuous operation of the material at elevated temperatures, in the order of 300ºC to 600ºC. The material of the valve chamber must be resistant to fatigue-creep changes as well as corrosion. This material must be also resistant to dynamic damage which occures when the turbine is starting and stopping. Dynamic damage is induced by a short-lasting but intense accumulation of localized stresses. The castings of the valve chambers of the steam turbine are usually made from the “three-component” type CrMoV-cast steel. Mentioned castings of the valve chamber are continuously subjected to high temperatures, either constant and periodically variable stresses. Due to this, the degradation process of material of the castings is taking place. It is caused by physicochemical processes such as: creep, relaxation, thermal fatigue, corrosion, erosion and changes in material properties, e.g. displacement of the critical point of brittleness. Finally, first cracks and deformations can be observed in the material during the operation. The art presents the process of revitalization technology of the steam turbine valve chamber which was subjected to long-term operation at high temperatures. The revitalization process is aimed at improving the plastic properties of the material and, as the result, extending its service life. The research presented in the article show that impact strength of the chamber material after revitalization is very high. Also the strength properties of the valve chamber, after revitalization, are high and in line with the requirements. The study show that the revitalization of the valve chamber was carried out correctly and restored the material to plastic deformation.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 3; 243-248
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:: Influence of Heat Treatment on Corrosion Resistance of ZnAl40Ti2Cu Alloy
Autorzy:: Michalik, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353886.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: corrosion
Zn-Al alloy
structure
heat treatment
Opis:: The aim of this paper was to determine the effect of heat treatment for the corrosion resistance of the ZnAl40Ti2Cu alloy under “acid rain” conditions. ZnAl40TiCu alloy after supersaturation and after supersaturation and aging was studied. Potentiodynamic studies, potentiostatic studies and studies on structure of the alloy top layer of samples after corrosion tests were carried out. These investigations indicated a significant influence of heat treatment on corrosion resistance of the ZnAl40Ti2Cu alloy. The highest increase in corrosion resistance comparing to the alloy in the as-cast condition may be obtained by supersaturation. A significant influence of the aging temperature and time on corrosion resistance was proved.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 2; 883-888
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:: Influence of heat treatment on corrosion properties of non-alloy steel in acidic environment
Autorzy:: Polasz, Sylwia
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243175.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: corrosion process
non-alloy steel
corrosion preventive coatings
heat treatment
corrosion allowance
Opis:: The article presents the influence of heat treatment on corrosion properties of non-alloy steel. This steel is used in machine elements. Heat treatment has a major impact on corrosion resistance of steel materials. Laboratory methods for measuring the corrosion rate consist of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and polarization curves. Instead of these types, there are also industrial methods of velocity corrosion measurements like researches in natural conditions and coupons corrosimetry. These days the most popular techniques of corrosion measurements are electrochemical measurements. In order to conduct impact assessments influent of heat treatment to corrosion properties there is need to proceed few steps like prepare samples, carry out heat treatment, hardness measurements, metallographical examination, prepare samples for corrosion and proceed corrosion researches by potentiodynamic method. An important element during researches is corrosion allowance, which has an impact influent on corrosion properties. This is the most popular and efficient method of corrosion protection. These days for corrosion protection are use paints or zinc coatings, cathode protection or stainless.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 3; 181-188
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:: Cykliczna obróbka cieplna : w teorii i w zastosowaniu
Cyclic heat treatment : theory and practice
Autorzy:: Szkliniarz, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109206.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: AXIS MEDIA
Tematy:: cykliczna obróbka cieplna
technologia
zastosowanie
cyclic heat treatment
technology
application
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono nową technologię cyklicznej obróbki cieplnej opisując szczegółowo zjawiska towarzyszące procesowi, typy cyklicznej obróbki cieplnej oraz liczne przykłady wykorzystania tego procesu z uwzględnieniem najbardziej znanych jak i spektakularnych zastosowań.
The article describes the new heat treatment technology and provides detailed information about the accompanying phenomena, types of cyclic thermal treatment and a number of examples of how the process was employed, including the most notable and impressive instances.
Źródło:: Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły; 2014, 7-8 / 9-10; 13-16
2082-9833
Pojawia się w:: Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:: To Study the Microstructural Evolution of EN353 Steel under Different Heat Treatment Conditions
Autorzy:: Sharma, Lochan
Chaubey, Sandeep Kumar
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313870.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:: CCT curves
cooling rate
heat treatment
bainite
ferrite
pearlite
microstructure
Opis:: Steel is basically used in construction, automobile, buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, appliances, machines and weapons due to its good mechanical as well as metallurgical properties. Heat treatment of steels significantly enhance its mechanical and metallurgical properties due to the formation of various phases depending upon the type of steel used for specific application. In present study, blank of EN353 grade steel having different sizes were used to investigate the effect of heat treatment and microstructural changes. JMat-Pro software was used to predict the continuous cooling transformation behaviour of EN353 steel. Different phases such as bainite, perlite and other carbide inclusion can be observed in the microstructural examination. Pearlitic microstructure developed for the specimen of size 40×40×40 mm heated at 870°C for 2 hrs and then isothermal heating was performed for same specimen at 600°C for 73 min followed by air cooling. Relevance Statement: Steel is an important material which is frequently used in almost all areas such as structure building, pressure vessels, transportation and many more other applications. Addition of alloying elements in parent steel significantly improve the metallurgical as well as mechanical properties. Steel properties like tensile strength, toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hardness, hot hardness, weldability, fatigue etc. significantly improved with the addition of alloying and heat treatment. Heat treatment processes can be used to improve the properties of steel which are frequently used in many manufacturing industries. Different grades of steels which are heat treated under a set of sequence of heating and cooling to change their physical and mechanical properties so that it can fulfil its function under loading condition. With the help of heat treatment process desired microstructure has been achieved which exhibit good mechanical properties of steels.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 2; 423--430
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:: Influence of heat treatment on the structure and properties of polyamide 6/ halloysite nanocomposites
Autorzy:: Mencel, Kinga
Kemnitz, Łukasz
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94148.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:: polyamide 6
halloysite
thermal treatment
Opis:: The nanocomposites of polyamide 6 (PA6) with halloysite nanotubes (HNT) were prepared by extrusion using co-rotating twin-screw extruder and then the standard test specimens were injected using a screw injection moulding machine. The content of HNT in the nanocomposites was 5 or 10 weight percent. The heat treatment of unmodified PA6 and nanocomposites was carried out in silicone oil in temp. 150±2°C. The samples were annealed for 3 hours and then cooled at a rate of 4 K/min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) causes annealing to increase the crystallinity of the polyamide matrix. After an annealing treatment a nanocomposite with better mechanical properties was obtained. Halloysite nanotubes in polyamide matrix play the role of a nucleating agent.
Źródło:: Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials; 2019, 39; 7-10
2450-9469
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:: The decreasing of die cracking for HDPC technology by changing parameters of heat treatment
Autorzy:: Herman, A.
Zikmund, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380274.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: metalografia
obróbka cieplna
właściwości mechaniczne
odlewanie ciśnieniowe
metallography
heat treatment
mechanical properties
die material
HPDC technology
Opis:: In earlier works were described trends in the production of tools for die casting (hot work). Almost the entire set of issues dealt with may seem insignificant when incompletely assembled acceptance of the material and the associated risks of processing a material with an inappropriate structure, leading to a very early defect of the die. Therefore, further work will focus particularly on identifying the causes of thermal cracks and preventing a suitable choice of acceptance criteria conditions and heat treatment.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 49-52
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 51.

Tytuł:: Analysis of Thermal Stresses and Strains Developing During the Heat Treatment of Windmill Shaft
Autorzy:: Cebo-Rudnicka, A.
Malinowski, Z.
Telejko, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354018.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: stresses
fracture criterion
finite element method
Opis:: In the paper the results of evaluation of the temperature and stress fields during four cycles of the heat treatment process of the windmill shaft has been presented. The temperature field has been calculated from the solution to the heat conduction equation over the whole heat treatment cycles of the windmill shaft. To calculate the stress field an incremental method has been used. The relations between stresses and strains have been described by Prandtl-Reuss equation for the elastic-plastic body. In order to determine the changes in the temperature and stress fields during heat treatment of the windmill shaft self-developed software utilizing the Finite Element Method has been used. This software can also be used to calculate temperature changes and stress field in ingots and other axially symmetric products. In the mathematical model of heating and cooling of the shaft maximum values of the strains have been determined, which allowed to avoid the crack formation. The critical values of strains have been determined by using modified Rice and Tracy criterion.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2A; 459-471
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 52.

Tytuł:: Tribological Examination of Different Steel Materials after Special Heat Treatment and Salt Bath Nitriding
Autorzy:: Opaliński, M.
Mazuro, P.
Klasik, A.
Rostek, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351726.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: tribology
mechanical properties
steel alloys
friction coefficient
Opis:: The main aim of the presented research was examination of new tribological pairs made of different types of steel. Materials of disc probes were submitted to unusual heat treatment processes and salt bath nitriding. The research is focused on the friction coefficients and mass losses of the material probes. Based on the results it was noticed that the best wear resistant pair was bearing steel 100Cr6 coupled with high speed steel S705. The lowest friction coefficient appeared for the pair bearing steel 100Cr6 and maraging steel C350.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 4; 1881-1888
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 53.

Tytuł:: Designing of X46Cr13 Steel Heat Treatment in Condition of Casting Mould
Autorzy:: Przyszlak, Natalia
Piwowarski, Grzegorz
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314161.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:: layered casting
bimetal
high chromium steel
grey cast iron
odlew warstwowy
stal wysokochromowa
żeliwo szare
Opis:: The paper presents issues related to the technology of layered castings manufactured in the system: working part made of high-chromium steel X46Cr13 - base part made of gray cast iron with flake graphite, using the mould cavity preparation technology. Considering the high hardenability of the above-mentioned steel grade, the aim of the research was to optimize the casting parameters of gray cast iron in such a way that it would be possible to perform heat treatment of X46Cr13 steel directly in the casting mould. As part of the research, the geometry of the working and base parts of layered castings was selected, and guidelines for mould technology from the point of view of the moulding sand were developed. In order to control the cooling rate, three matrix of the moulding sand were used - quartz sand, chromite sand and silicon carbide, with the same granularity. The thermal conductivity coefficient of sands made on selected matrix, bound with synthetic resin in the ratio of 30:1, was experimentally determined. Then, the bimetal casting process in a given mass was simulated in the MagmaSoft® (ver. 5.4.1). The purpose of the simulation was to determine the maximum virtual temperature Tm in the thermal center of the outer surface of the X46Cr13 steel insert. From the point of view of the research purpose, the insert was expected to heat up to the austenitization temperature, i.e. at least 950°C.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2023, 23, 2; 119--126
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 54.

Tytuł:: Influence of the Heat Treatment on the Band Gaps in the Biopolymer Photonic Crystals
Autorzy:: Savic-Sevic, S.
Pantelic, D.
Jelenkovic, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1795629.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009-10
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 42.70.Qs
42.40.Pa
82.35.Pq
87.15.rp
Opis:: 1D photonic crystal was fabricated in a dichromate-sensitized biopolymer using holography method. The effects of the temperature of the photonic crystal layer on the center of photonic band gaps were studied. We showed that the central wavelength of the band gap can be tuned by heating the photonic crystal layer. By applying such heat treatment, tuning of the position of the band gap for about 80 nm was obtained.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 116, 4; 645-646
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 55.

Tytuł:: Influence of Freon Heat Treatment on Optical properties of Er-Doped Silica-Gel Glasses
Autorzy:: Malashkevich, G. E.
Poddenezhny, E. N.
Melnichenko, I. M.
Gaishun, V. E.
Semchenko, A. V.
Maruszewski, K.
Stręk, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945657.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1996-08
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 78.55.Hx
Opis:: Theeffect of freon heat treatment on optical properties of Er-doped silica glasses obtained by the sol-gel method was investigated. It was found that fluorine ions in the process of hydrolysis replace hydroxyl ions in the host and form the complexes with Er$\text{}^{3+}$ ions. It leads to a significant improvement of optical properties of Er doped silica glass.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 1996, 90, 2; 419-421
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 56.

Tytuł:: The Study of the Behavior of Constrained Groove Pressed Magnesium Alloy after Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Zimina, M.
Bohlen, J.
Letzig, D.
Kurz, G.
Poková, M.
Knapek, M.
Zrník, J.
Cieslar, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402154.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015-10
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 62.20.F-
62.20.Qp
81.05.Bx
81.05.Zx
Opis:: In this work twin-roll cast AZ31 magnesium strip of thickness 5.6 mm was subjected to the heat treatment and further constrained groove pressing. A comparison of the microstructure and microhardness of as-cast, constrained groove pressed and annealed material was carried out. The twin-roll cast strip exhibits an inhomogeneous structure which is replaced by a finer and uniform recrystallized one after aging at 450°C for 10 h. A significant increase of the microhardness was observed accompanied by a pronounce grain refinement. Nevertheless, the distribution of the grain size is unequal along the specimen width. Thermal stability of the deformed structure during subsequent annealing was investigated. It was shown that higher annealing temperatures result in a formation of a more uniform recrystallized structure and in a significant drop of microhardness down to the values obtained for as-cast alloy.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 128, 4; 775-778
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 57.

Tytuł:: Effect of Shortened Heat Treatment on the Hardness and Microstructure of 320.0 Aluminium Alloy
Autorzy:: Pezda, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381513.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: aluminium alloys
ATD
heat treatment
HB hardness
stopy aluminium
obróbka cieplna
twardość
Opis:: Improvement of Al-Si alloys properties in scope of classic method is connected with change of Si precipitations morphology through: using modification of the alloy, maintaining suitable temperature of overheating and pouring process, as well as perfection of heat treatment methods. Growing requirements of the market make it necessary to search after such procedures, which would quickly deliver positive results with simultaneous consideration of economic aspects. Presented in the paper shortened heat treatment with soaking of the alloy at temperature near temperature of solidus could be assumed as the method in the above mentioned understanding of the problem. Such treatment consists in soaking of the alloy to temperature of solutioning, keeping in such temperature, and next, quick quenching in water (20°C) followed by artificial ageing. Temperature ranges of solutioning and ageing treatments implemented in the adopted testing plan were based on analysis of recorded curves from the ATD method. Obtained results relate to dependencies and spatial diagrams describing effect of parameters of the solutioning and ageing treatments on HB hardness of the investigated alloy and change of its microstructure. Performed shortened heat treatment results in precipitation hardening of the investigated 320.0 alloy, what according to expectations produces increased hardness of the material.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 2; 27-30
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 58.

Tytuł:: Optimization of the heat treatment process of a steel porous charge using an integrated modelling
Autorzy:: Wyczółkowski, R.
Benduch, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102836.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: porous charge
heat treatment
integrated modelling
effective thermal conductivity
Opis:: The paper discusses the structure and principle of operation of programs for integrated modelling of the processes of heat treatment of porous-structure steel charges, such as long product bundles or strip or wire coils. Consideration is given to the specificity of these models in respect to porous charges. This is associated with their untypical thermal properties, which are expressed using the concept of effective thermal conductivity.
Źródło:: Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2014, 8, 24; 13-18
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:: Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 59.

Tytuł:: Wpływ obróbki cieplnej na jakość cukinii
Influence of heat treatment on the quality of courgette
Autorzy:: Ślaska-Grzywna, B.
Starek, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/286448.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:: cukinia
obróbka cieplna
tekstura
courgette
heat treatment
texture
Opis:: W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań pomiaru mechanicznych cech tekstury cukinii po obróbce cieplnej w piecu konwekcyjno-parowym przy zmiennych parametrach: temperaturze, czasie i dodatku pary. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wykazały, iż zmiana parametrów obróbki cieplnej wpływa na badane cechy teksturalne cukinii kształtujące jej jakość.
The study presents the research results of measurement of a courgette texture mechanical properties after subjecting it to a heat treatment in the convectional - steam furnace at variable parameters: temperature, time and additional steam. The results of the research proved that the change of parameters of the heat treatment influences the tested texture properties of a courgette, which form its quality.
Źródło:: Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2011, R. 15, nr 6, 6; 223-229
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:: Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 60.

Tytuł:: Effect of Reaction Time and Heat Treatment in the Production of Hydroxyapatite by Hydrothermal Synthesis
Autorzy:: Kati, Nida
Ozan, Sermin
Yildiz, Tülay
Arslan, Mehmet
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174598.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Hydroxyapatite
hydrothermal
heat treatment
reaction time
XRD/SEM
optical properties
Opis:: In the present work, Hydroxyapatite synthesis was carried out using hydrothermal method with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2.4H2O) and fosfor pentaoksit (P2O5) as precursors. For the hydrothermal method, constant reaction temperature (180°C) and different reaction times (6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours) were determined. The samples produced were divided into two groups. Four samples were not heat treatment; four samples were heat treatment at 700°C for 1 hour. The obtained products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectrometer. SEM photos showed that the Hydroxyapatite powders produced are in the form of the agglomerate. According to EDS results, Hydroxyapatite samples are of high purity. XRD’s findings confirm that the diffraction peaks correspond to the pure phase of Hydroxyapatite. A general decrease was observed in the energy band gap of the samples with increasing hydrothermal reaction time.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 4; 1427--1434
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 61.

Tytuł:: Analysis and prediction of leak detection in the low-pressure heat treatment of metal equipment
Autorzy:: Kłos, Sławomir
Patalas-Maliszewska, Justyna
Bazel, Michal
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200932.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:: vacuum heat treatment
vacuum furnace leaks
predictive maintenance
artificial neural networks
Opis:: The low-pressure heat treatment of metals enables the continuous improvement of the mechanical and plastic properties of products, such as hardness, abrasion resistance, etc. A significant problem related to the operation of vacuum furnaces for heat treatment is that they become unsealed during operation, resulting from the degradation of seals or the thermal expansion of the construction materials. Therefore, research was undertaken to develop a prediction model for detecting leaks in vacuum furnaces, the use of which will reduce the risk of degradation in the charge being processed. Unique experimental studies were carried out to detect leakages in a vacuum pit furnace, simulated using the ENV 116 reference slot. As a consequence, a prediction model for the detection of leaks in vacuum furnaces- which are used in the heat treatment of metals- was designed, using an artificial neural network. (93% for MLP 15-10-1) was developed. The model was implemented in a predictive maintenance system, in a real production company, as an element in the monitoring of the operation of vacuum furnaces.
Źródło:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2022, 24, 4; 719--727
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 62.

Tytuł:: The Effect of Heat Treatment of Forgings Directly from the Forging Temperature on their Properties
Autorzy:: Gronostajski, Z.
Hawryluk, M.
Jabłoński, P.
Zwierzchowski, M.
Barelkowski, A.
Widomski, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355389.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
hot die forging
controlled cooling line
thermo-plastic treatment technology
mechanical properties of forging
Opis:: The paper presents a prototype semi-industrial cooling line developed by the authors, which makes it possible to design a thermal treatment of forgings with the use of the forging heat, together with exemplary test results for forgings forked type. The proposed method of heat treatment dedicated to these forgings was described and compared to traditionally used heat treatment method in chamber furnaces. Next, the original research stand was presented, which performs mechanical fatigue test on final products – forked-type forgings. Forgings after heat treatment and cooling on the prototype line were tested on this stand in condition of cyclically variable mechanical loads in order to resistance to mechanical fatigue was analyzed and the influence of performed exemplary heat treatment on mechanical properties. The presented preliminary investigations performed on the designed combined research standing, consisting of: the prototype controlled cooling line, as well as mechanical fatigue stand point to the possibility of implementing thermal treatment with the use of the heat generated during the forging process and determining its impact on the mechanical properties of forgings.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 2; 685-696
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 63.

Tytuł:: The influence of the parameters of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of welded joints
Autorzy:: Łuczak, K.
Wolany, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/378914.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:: heat treatment
welded joints
10CrMo9-10 steel
obróbka cieplna
złącze spawane
stal 10CrMo9-10
Opis:: Purpose: The main goal of the work is to determine the influence of the parameters of stress relief annealing on the mechanical and structural properties of welded joints made of chromium-molybdenum type 10CrMo9-10 steel. Design/methodology/approach: In the study, commercial 10CRMO9-10 steel was used, the Polish equivalent of 10H2M. This is a chromium-molybdenum toughened steel, i.e. after normalization (910-960°C) and high tempering (650-780°C). The materials were subjected to heat treatment, tests of mechanical properties, Charpy impact test, hardness of individual material zones, as well as macro and microscopic observations. Findings: The hardness tests indicated, that materials subjected to a single heat treatment possess the greatest hardness. Materials undergoing several heat treatments, possess hardness on a similar level to materials that have been annealed once, however they are characterized by low reproducibility of results. The most important parameter of heat treatment of the tested steel is heating up to a temperature of 690°C. Due to such heating, optimal mechanical properties are achieved, which results in long and safe exploitation of the produced elements. Research limitations/implications: The processes of heat treatment are very important to achieve optimal strength properties of welded joints. Practical implications: The development of energy worldwide has caused the creation of machines working in higher pressure and temperature ranges. The influence of temperatures decreases the service life of a given element. The adaptation and completion of the appropriate process of heat treatment extends the exploitation time of elements. Originality/value: Determining the mechanical properties of 10H2M steel, dependent on the temperature of heat treatment and heating time. It was concluded that the optimal parameter of heat treatment for the tested materials – is heating at a temperature of 690°C.
Źródło:: Archives of Materials Science and Engineering; 2019, 95, 2; 55-66
1897-2764
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 64.

Tytuł:: The influence of heat treatment on the physico-chemical properties of pinewood (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Autorzy:: Zawadzki, J.
Gawron, J.
Antczak, A.
Klosinska, T.
Radomski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52847.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:: pine
heat treatment
physicochemical property
pine wood
Pinus sylvestris
cellulose
polymerization degree
mechanical property
Źródło:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2016, 59, 196
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 65.

Tytuł:: Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructures 20%Cr-21%Ni-5%Si Cast Steel
Autorzy:: Kalandyk, B.
Kasińska, J.
Olejnik, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381678.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: austenitic cast steel
stainless steel
cast steel microstructure
heat treatment
staliwo austenityczne
stal nierdzewna
mikrostruktura staliwa
obróbka termiczna
Opis:: The study describes the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of cast high-alloyed 20%Cr-21%Ni-5%Si steel. It has been found that the microstructure of the tested material in the initial state consists of an austenitic matrix and precipitates rich in Si, Cr, Ni and Mn, characterized by different morphology and distributed mainly along the grain boundaries. The conducted heat treatment (after solutioning at: 1060, 1100 and 1200ºC) has changed both morphology and chemical composition of the precipitates. Significant reduction in the Si and Ni content and slight increase in the Cr content, especially after solutioning at 1200°C, combined with a simultaneous decrease in the hardness of the precipitates was evidenced.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2 spec.; 39-42
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 66.

Tytuł:: Effect of Heat Treatment on Machining Properties of the AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Alloy
Autorzy:: Wieroński, W.
Pezda, J.
Ponikwia, Ł.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379474.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: silumin
heat treatment
machinability
refining
mechanical properties
cutting power
aluminum alloys
obróbka cieplna
obróbka mechaniczna
rafinacja
właściwości mechaniczne
cięcie
stopy aluminium
Opis:: Automation of machining operations, being result of mass volume production of components, imposes more restrictive requirements concerning mechanical properties of starting materials, inclusive of machinability mainly. In stage of preparation of material, the machinability is influenced by such factors as chemical composition, structure, mechanical properties, plastic working and heat treatment, as well as a factors present during machining operations, as machining type, cutting parameters, material and geometry of cutting tools, stiffness of the system: workpiece – machine tool – fixture and cutting tool. In the paper are presented investigations concerning machinability of the EN AC-AlSi9Cu3(Fe) silumin put to refining, modification and heat treatment. As the parameter to describe starting condition of the alloy was used its tensile strength Rm. Measurement of the machining properties of the investigated alloy was performed using a reboring method with measurement of cutting force, cutting torque and cutting power. It has been determined an effect of the starting condition of the alloy on its machining properties in terms of the cutting power, being indication of machinability of the investigated alloy. The best machining properties (minimal cutting power - Pc=48,3W) were obtained for the refined alloy, without heat treatment, for which the tensile strength Rm=250 MPa. The worst machinability (maximal cutting power Pc=89,0W) was obtained for the alloy after refining, solutioning at temperature 510 ^oC for 1,5 hour and aged for 5 hours at temperature 175 ^oC. A further investigations should be connected with selection of optimal parameters of solutioning and ageing treatments, and with their effect on the starting condition of the alloy in terms of improvement of both mechanical properties of the alloy and its machining properties, taking into consideration obtained surface roughness.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 3; 137-140
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 67.

Tytuł:: Parametric identification and modeling of rheological behavior of materials with fractal structure during heat treatment
Autorzy:: Sokolovskyy, Yaroslav
Shymanskyi, Volodymyr
Levkovych, Maryana
Kaspryshyn, Yaroslav
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/32304248.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:: capillary-porous materials
deformation-relaxation processes
heat treatment
Opis:: The technological process of thermal treatment of capillary-porous materials, characterized by the influence of several factors on the material as load, humidity and temperature was considered. Mathematical models of non-isothermal moisture transfer and viscoelastic deformation, taking into account the fractal structure of the environment were constructed. One-dimensional mathematical models of deformation-relaxation processes in environments with fractal structure characterized by the effects of memory, spatial nonlocality and self-organization were considered. Taking into account that the fractional parameters of fractal models allow us to describe the deformation-relaxation processes in comparison with traditional methods more fully, the optimal approximation method, the Proni’s method was proposed. This method allows us to reduce the problem of identification of the fractional parameters which are part of the creep and relaxation kernels structure, to finding the solutions of systems of linear equations. Software to implement the obtained models was developed.
Źródło:: Methods and tools in CAD – selected issues; 107-117
9788366391871
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 68.

Tytuł:: Grain size reduction in the 713C nickel superalloy as a result of heat treatment
Autorzy:: Lachowicz, M. B.
Faryna, M.
Podrez-Radziszewska, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379754.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
metallographic test
superalloy 713C
Ni3Al
NbC
EBSD method
obróbka cieplna
badanie metalograficzne
nadstop 713C
metoda EBSD
Opis:: The paper presents metallographic test results for the 713C nickel superalloy after heat treatment and crystallographic orientation analysis performed with the EBSD method. The 713C alloy was subjected to annealing in the temperature of 950 ºC for 30 hours followed by aircooling. As a result of the applied heat treatment the local grain size reduction in the alloy was observed. It has been found that in the primary grains the new subgrains of different crystallographic orientation are created. Between the new grains and the primary grains the boundaries of high angle appear. Orientation change in the micro-areas is closely related to the carbides rebuilding and volume diffusion of elements dissolved in the γ - γ’ alloy matrix and the (NbTi)C carbides.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 2 spec.; 143-148
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 69.

Tytuł:: Heat Treatment Effect on Physical Properties of Stainless Steel / Inconel Bonded by Directed Energy Deposition
Autorzy:: Eom, Yeong Seong
Kim, Kyung Tae
Kim, Dong Won
Yu, Ji-Hun
Sim, Chul Yong
An, Seung Jun
Park, Yong-Ha
Son, Injoon
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049122.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: directed energy deposition
interface
physical properties
heat treatment
Opis:: In this study, stainless steel 316L and Inconel 625 alloy powders were additively manufactured by using directed energy deposition process. And heat treatment effect on hardness and microstructures of the bonded stainless steel 316L/Inconel 625 sample was investigated. The microstructures shows there are no secondary phases and big inclusions near interfacial region between stainless steel 316L and Inconel 625 except several small cracks. The results of TEM and Vickers Hardness show the interfacial area have a few tens of micrometers in thickness. Interestingly, as the heat treatment temperature increases, the cracks in the stainless steel region does not change in morphology while both hardness values of stainless steel 316L and Inconel 625 decrease. These results can be used for designing pipes and valves with surface treatment of Inconel material based on stainless steel 316L material using the directed energy deposition.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 4; 1049-1054
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 70.

Tytuł:: Heat treatment and thermochemical treatment of tool steel
Obróbka cieplna i cieplno-chemiczna stali narzędziowej
Autorzy:: Bartkowska, A.
Popławski, M.
Przestacki, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/335130.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:: diffusion boronizing
microstructure
microhardness
agricultural tools
borowanie dyfuzyjne
mikrostruktura
mikrotwardość
części
maszyna rolnicza
Opis:: The paper presents results of studies of the influence of substrate heat treatment on microstructure and microhardness of boronized tool steels. Diffusion boronizing treatment process was carried out using boronizing powder at temperature of 900ºC for 5 h. After boronizing the microstructure of surface layer was composed of needle-like iron borides. The micro-hardness in the boronized layer was about 1800 HV0,1. The appropriate heat treatment with diffusion boronizing process provides good properties of tool steels such as high hardness, and also good cohesion between subsurface layer and the substrate. This is very important for increasing longevity of tools and parts of machines as tools covered with a resultant boronized layer which can be successfully used in agricultural machines.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki obróbki cieplnej podłoża na mikrostrukturę i mikrotwardość borowanej stali narzędziowej. Proces borowania dyfuzyjnego stali narzędziowej przeprowadzono w proszku borującym w temperaturze 900ºC w czasie 5 h. Po procesie borowania mikrostruktura warstwy powierzchniowej składała się z iglastych borków żelaza. Mikro-twardość w borowanej warstwie wynosiła ok. 1800 HV0,1. Właściwa obróbka cieplna połączona z procesem dyfuzyjnego borowania prowadzi do otrzymania dobrych właściwości stali narzędziowej, takich jak duża twardość, a przy tym dobra kohezja między warstwą powierzchniową a podłożem. To jest bardzo istotne w celu zwiększenia żywotności narzędzi i części maszyn i narzędzi z wytworzoną warstwą borowaną, które mogą być z powodzeniem stosowane w maszynach rolniczych.
Źródło:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2015, 60, 2; 9-11
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 71.

Tytuł:: The effects of heat treatment on colour and glossiness of some commercial woods in Turkey
Autorzy:: Gurleyen, L.
Esteves, B.
Ayata, U.
Gurleyen, T.
Cinar, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52493.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Źródło:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2018, 61, 201
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 72.

Tytuł:: The Structural and Strength Changes Resulting from Modification of Heat Treatment of High Carbon Steel
Autorzy:: Grygier, D.
Rutkowska-Gorczyca, M.
Jasiński, R.
Dudziński, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356063.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: pearlit
cementite
spheroidization
plastic working
Opis:: Pearlitic steels containing from some 0,8 to 0,95% C belong to the group of unalloyed steels intended for cold drawing or rolling. One of the problems discussed in literature is cracking of pearlitic steel subjected to plastic working, caused by high brittleness of the lamellar precipitations of hard cementite. This issue is extremely important because it affects significantly reduce fatigue strength. The paper presents proposals to modify the process of heat treatment, results in getting a steel with spheroidal structure characterized by better plastic properties, in order to eliminate this problem.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 971-976
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 73.

Tytuł:: Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison of Tribological Properties of Railway Rails with and without Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Bąkowski, H.
Piwnik, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351381.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: fatigue wear
wear products
crack
metallographic examination
operational factors
Opis:: The paper provides a comprehensive presentation of the influence of operating parameters on the tribological properties of the wheel-rail couple. Apart from wear and a friction coefficient, the tribological properties also comprise stereological parameters of flaky wear products. The tribological tests were carried out according to an experimental plan, which took account of the complex influence of operational factors on the size and shape of flaky wear products. This enabled defining the type and intensity of wear, depending on the variable operational parameters. In order to explain the wear mechanism, quantitative, qualitative, and profilographometric metallographic examinations were made.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2A; 469--474
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 74.

Tytuł:: Optimisation of Mechanical Properties of 18%Ni350 Grade Maraging Steel Using Novel Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Marcisz, J.
Adamczyk, M.
Garbarz, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353655.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: maraging steel
short-time ageing
mechanical properties
microstructure
HRTEM
Opis:: The paper presents results of examinations of properties and microstructure of maraging steel grade MS350 (18Ni350) produced by a novel heat treatment method called „short-time ageing“. It has been found that maraging steel after application of the short-time ageing achieves unique properties, in particular good combination of strength and impact toughness. After short-time ageing for time of heating up to 600 seconds at temperature of 550°C hardness in the range from 48 to 56 HRC, tensile strength ranging from 2000 to 2250 MPa, yield strength from 1930 to 2170 MPa and total elongation in the range 7-8% as well as notch impact toughness of 20 J/cm² at temperature minus 40°C were obtained. Results of microstructure examination in transmission electron microscope (TEM) with application of high resolution technique (HRTEM) have shown presence of Ni₃Mo nano-precipitates of orthorhombic crystallographic structure. Precipitates were characterized by rod-like shape and were homogenously distributed in martensitic matrix of steel with high density of dislocations. The average size of cross-section of precipitates was ca. 4 nm while length reached several dozen of nm.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 73-84
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 75.

Tytuł:: Effect of temperature of heat treatment on energetic intensity of flat milling of picea abies
Autorzy:: Koleda, P.
Korčok, M.
Barcík, S.
Iľaš, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409602.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: STE GROUP
Tematy:: ThermoWood
face milling
cutting power
energetic efficiency
picea abies
Opis:: The paper deals with the research of the influence of thermal modification temperature of spruce wood on the electric energy consumption of its face milling. Samples of spruce wood heat treated at temperatures of 160, 180, 200 and 220°C were milled at the cutting speed of 20, 40 and 60 m.s-1, the feed rate of 6, 10 and 15 m.min-1, the rake angle of 15° with the depth of the cut of 1 mm. The energy consumption was evaluated from the cutting power, which was based on the difference during milling and idle cycle. The analysis of variance showed a decrease in cutting power with an increasing temperature of thermal modification. The average cutting power value is 137.7 W at the native sample and 80.8 W at the sample treated at 220°C. The Duncan’s test of statistical significance has shown that the thermal modification has a statistically significant effect on the cutting power values.
Źródło:: Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2018, 3 (26); 151-156
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:: Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 76.

Tytuł:: Comparison between Powders of Strontium Hexaferrite Processed by Dynamic Gas Heat Treatment and Re-Calcination
Autorzy:: Tudorache, F.
Brinza, F.
Popa, P.
Petrila, I.
Grigoras, M.
Tascu, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1490859.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012-01
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 75.50.Vv
75.47.Lx
Opis:: The utilization of classical ceramic technology for ferrite preparation permits to obtain strontium hexaferrite with big crystals, of micrometer size, with a smaller coercive force than the hexaferrite with submicron crystals. In this work the strontium hexaferrite was obtained with submicron crystals, by hot reduction of the hexaferrite obtained through ceramic technology in CO atmosphere, followed by the thermal re-oxidization in air. The effects of treatment in CO atmosphere and of the re-calcination treatment on the magnetic and electric properties of the strontium hexaferrite were investigated.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 1; 92-94
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 77.

Tytuł:: Microstructure and texture evolution in the welded semi-austenitic PH steel after the heat treatment
Autorzy:: Ziewiec, A.
Witkowska, M.
Zielińska-Lipiec, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1153207.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016-10
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 81.20.Vj
81.40.Gh
81.40.Ef
68.37.Lp
Opis:: The aim of this study was to reveal the influence of the heat treatment after welding of 17-7PH (X7CrNiAl17-7) steel on the microstructure evolution and the texture of the welds. Microstructure investigation carried out by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that the austenite and δ ferrite coexist in as-welded condition. Annealing at the temperature range between 400°C and 620°C after welding causes small changes in the microstructure and the hardness of the welds increases. Heat treatment at 760°C for 1 h resulted in the partial destabilization of the austenite. Aging after destabilization leads to tempering of the martensite: first the hardness increases and then decreases. The maximum hardness is observed when the ageing temperature reaches 510°C. XRD studies confirmed the presence of the two phases: δ ferrite and austenite. Annealing at 400°C/1 h and 550°C/1 h results in changes of the intensities for individual peaks derived from austenite and ferrite. The calculated ratios of peak intensity were compared with the intensities of the reference sample. The differences in intensities suggested strong texture of the material.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 956-959
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 78.

Tytuł:: Przesycanie grzaniem indukcyjnym stopu aluminium 7075
Solution heat treatment of aluminium 7075 by induction heating
Autorzy:: Sawicki, J.
Kaczmarek, Ł.
Staszewski, W.
Zgraja, J.
Kędzierski, P.
Kaszewski, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/189249.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: przesycanie
grzanie indukcyjne
stopy aluminium
twardość
solid solution
induction heating
aluminium alloy
hardness
Opis:: Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy badań przesycania stopu aluminium 7075 metodą indukcyjną. Badania prowadzono w specjalnie zaprojektowanej komorze wypełnionej argonem. W pierwszej kolejności zbadano wpływ mocy i czasu na głębokość przesycania warstwy wierzchniej. Następnie przeprowadzono zgniot i próbki poddano starzeniu. Zbadano gradient twardości warstwy wierzchniej oraz przeanalizowano morfologie próbek.
The major objective of this study is to solid solution treatment of 7075 aluminium alloy by induction heating. This study was carried out in an argonium atmosphere chamber. The first step was to analyze the influence of generator power and time on the thickness of solid solution layer. The second step involved cold work of the sample and artificial ageing treatment. Additionally, the morphology and hardness profile was measured.
Źródło:: Tribologia; 2009, 6; 103-110
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:: Tribologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 79.

Tytuł:: The Tribological Properties and the Microstructure Investigations of Tin Babbit with Pb Addition after Heat Treatment
Autorzy:: Leszczyńska-Madej, B.
Madej, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355155.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: tribological properties
microstructure investigations
heat treatment
Opis:: The results of tribological tests and microstructure examinations of tin babbit with 1.5 % Pb addition after heat treatment are presented in this paper. The specimens were annealed at 150°C for 2, 8, 24 and 48 hours and then tested for wear resistance and Brinell hardness. The wear tests were carried out using a block-on-ring tester operating under dry and wet conditions. The samples were also investigated by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 4; 1861-1868
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 80.

Tytuł:: T6 Heat Treatment of Hypo-eutectic Silumins in Aspect of Improvement of Rm Tensile Strength
Autorzy:: Pezda, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379746.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
modification
ATD
tensile strength
obróbka cieplna
modyfikacja
wytrzymałość na rozciąganie
Opis:: Improvement of properties of silumins in scope of classic methods is connected with changes in morphology of silicon precipitation through: process of modification of alloy, maintaining a suitable temperature of overheating and pouring into moulds, as well as perfection of heat treatment processes. Obtained structure of casting have a direct influence on mechanical and technological properties of machinery parts, and therefore, usage of knowledge on crystallization to control of crystallization’s kinetics of castings in order to optimize obtained structure and introduction of modern methods of heat treatment, enabling considerable improvement of mechanical and technological properties, becomes an important factor. Dispersion hardening with soaking of alloy near temperature of solidus, consisting in heating of poured specimens to temperature of solutioning, keeping in such temperature, cooling down in cold water (20^oC), and next operation of artificial ageing have effect on change of tensile strength R_m of a selected hypo-eutectoid silumins. Selection of suitable parameters of dispersion hardening is condition of obtainment of positive results in terms of improvement of tensile strength Rm and has effect on its economic aspects.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 2s; 49-52
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 81.

Tytuł:: Description of Residual Stress Distribution in the Surface Layer After Heat Treatment and Shot Peening
Autorzy:: Skalski, Konstanty
Mońka, Grzegorz
Filipowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36827665.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:: X-ray diffractometer
measurement of stresses
psi sine square method
metal crystal lattice
wave beam diffraction
pneumatic shot peening
multiple regression
planned experiment
Opis:: The stress distribution function in the surface layer is created as a result of using stress measurements on the surfaces of C45 steel samples after shot peening. Stresses were measured by X-ray diffraction with the use of the PSF-3M device from the Rigaku Company. For measuring residual stresses, subsequent layers of the top surface of the material were used as a basis, and these were obtained through electrochemical etching. The test results i.e. distance into the material, sample hardness, shot type, stress) were entered into the stepwise multiple regression program. A record of residual stresses was obtained in the form of the second-degree regression function of three independent variables with interactions. The obtained analytical form of the residual stress function was used in the FUNVAL3.EXE program to calculate the tabular values of stresses permeating into the material. For the analytical description of the stress distribution, the REGPOLY.EXE regression program was used, which creates a polynomial functional form of the residual stress distribution. The plot form of the residual stress distribution was obtained using the EXCEL Microsoft Office 2000 program.
Źródło:: Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2023, 3 (272); 28-39
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:: Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 82.

Tytuł:: Influence of Solution Heat Treatment on Structure and Mechanical Properties of ZnAl22Cu3 Alloy
Autorzy:: Michalik, R.
Chmiela, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351554.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
mechanical properties
structure
ZnAl22Cu3 alloy
Opis:: The influence of solution heat treatment at 385°C over 10 h with cooling in water on the structure, hardness and strength of the ZnAl22Cu3 eutectoid alloy is presented in the paper. The eutectoid ZnAl22Cu3 alloy is characterized by a dendritic structure. Dendrites are composed of a supersaturated solid solution of Al in Zn. In the interdendritic spaces a eutectoid mixture is present, with an absence of the ε (CuZn₄) phase. Solution heat treatment of the ZnAl22Cu3 alloy causes the occurrence of precipitates rich in Zn and Cu, possibly ε phase. Solution heat treatment at 385°C initially causes a significant decrease of the alloy hardness, although longer solution heat treatment causes a significant increase of the hardness as compared to the as-cast alloy.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1581-1586
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 83.

Tytuł:: Influence of the Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI)
Autorzy:: Krawiec, A.
Vignal, V.
Lelito, J.
Krystianiak, A.
Tyrała, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356075.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: austempered ductile iron
corrosion
microstructure
heat treatment
Opis:: The influence of the hold time of the austempering heat treatment at 280°C on the microstructure and corrosion resistance in NaCl-based media of austempered ductile iron was investigated using X-ray diffraction, micro-hardness measurements, corrosion tests and surface observations. Martensite was only found in the sample which was heat treated for a short period (10 minutes). Corrosion tests revealed that this phase does not play any role in the anodic processes. Numerous small pits were observed in the α-phase which is the precursor sites in all samples (whatever the value of the hold time of the austempering heat treatment).
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 1; 151-156
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 84.

Tytuł:: The influence of electronic exposure and heat treatment on the electrical conductivity of epoxy polymer materials
Autorzy:: Udovytska, Yuliia
Luniov, Sergiy
Kashytskyi, Vitalii
Maslyuk, Volodymyr
Megela, Ivan
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950073.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:: irradiation
epoxy resin
specific electrical conductivity
heat treatment
Opis:: The influence of electron irradiation fluxes with energy of 12 MeV and heat treatment on the electrical properties of epoxypolymers with PEPA content of 11, 12 and 13 wt.h. per 100 wt. including epoxy resin. It is show that the electrical conductivity of epoxypolymer increases with electron irradiation fluxes greater than 10 kGy. It found that extra heat treatment of irradiated samples with a hardener content of 12 wt. h. hours leads to an increase in their electrical conductivity. The nature of the obtained dependences of electrical conductivity is determine by the processes of cross-linking, radiation, thermal destruction and mass fraction of the hardener. Radiation-stimulated increase in the conductivity of epoxypolymers can be use to create conductive protective coatings and sensor electronics elements.
Źródło:: Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2020, 23(1); 81-89
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:: Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 85.

Tytuł:: Effect of Different Variants of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of the AlSi17CuNiMg Alloy
Autorzy:: Jarko, A.
Pezda, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381243.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
homogenizing
aluminum alloys
mechanical properties
elongation
silumin
obróbka cieplna
homogenizacja
stopy aluminium
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:: Dispersion hardening, as the main heat treatment of silumins having additions of copper and magnesium, results in considerable increase of tensile strength and hardness, with simultaneous decrease of ductility of the alloy. In the paper is presented an attempt of introduction of heat treatment operation consisting in homogenizing treatment prior operation of the dispersion hardening, to minimize negative effects of the T6 heat treatment on plastic properties of hypereutectoidal AlSi17CuNiMg alloy. Tests of the mechanical properties were performed on a test pieces poured in standardized metal moulds. Parameters of different variants of the heat treatment, i.e. temperature and time of soaking for individual operations were selected basing on the ATD (Thermal Derivation Analysis) diagram and analysis of literature. The homogenizing treatment significantly improves ductility of the alloy, resulting in a threefold increase of the elongation and more than fourfold increase of the impact strength in comparison with initial state of the alloy. Moreover, the hardness and the tensile strength (R_m) of the alloy decrease considerably. On the other hand, combination of the homogenizing and dispersion hardening enables increase of elongation with about 40%, and increase of the impact strength with about 25%, comparing with these values after the T6 treatment, maintaining high hardness and slight increase of the tensile strength, comparing with the alloy after the dispersion hardening.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 41-44
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 86.

Tytuł:: Extrusion of AlCuMg alloys with simultaneous solution heat treatment
Wyciskanie stopów AlCuMg przesycanych na wybiegu prasy
Autorzy:: Leśniak, D.
Woźnicki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354911.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: wyciskanie
przesycanie
stopy AlCuMg
struktura
właściwości mechaniczne
extrusion
solution heat treatment
AlCuMg alloys
structure
mechanical properties
Opis:: In the work, the experiments on extrusion of high-strength aluminium alloys (2014 and 2024) with solution heat treatment on the press were performed. The experimental study describes extrudates microstructure and mechanical properties in dependence on alloy chemical composition, mode of homogenization treatment and temperature-speed extrusion conditions. The optical microscopy and SEM/EDS characterization were supported by DSC analysis, enabling to determine the solidus temperatures of the alloys. The investigations revealed that minimal contents of the main alloy additions (Cu, Mg), high-temperature homogenization and increased extrusion temperatures contributed to achieving high solutioning ratio of the alloys, guarantying improved mechanical properties of the extrudates. The high-temperature homogenization allowed achieving uniform microstructure of ingots with fine particles of intermetallic phases. The significant increase in solidus temperatures of the homogenized alloys enabled more effective solutioning on the run-out table. The maximal permissible metal exit speed was increased and the extrusion force was reduced in comparison to the conventional extrusion technology. The proposed solutions will allow for industrial producing AlCuMg extrudates of improved mechanical properties in the shortened technological cycle with heat treatment on the press.
W pracy przeprowadzono badania doświadczalne procesu wyciskania wysokowytrzymałych stopów aluminium (2014 i 2024) z jednoczesnym przesycaniem na wybiegu prasy. Studium doświadczalne opisuje strukturę i własności mechaniczne wyciskanych prętów, w zależności od składu chemicznego stopu, sposobu homogenizacji oraz prędkościowo-temperaturowych warunków procesu wyciskania. Badania strukturalne z wykorzystaniem mikroskopii optycznej i SEM uzupełniono badaniami kalorymetrycznymi, które pozwoliły na wyznaczenie temperatury solidusu stopów. Badania wykazały, że minimalizacja zawartości głównych składników stopowych (Cu i Mg), wysokotemperaturowa homogenizacja wlewków oraz wyciskanie w wysokich temperaturach (wyższych niż standardowe), przyczynia się do uzyskania wysokiego stopnia przesycenia stopów na wybiegu prasy, gwarantującego otrzymanie wysokich własności mechanicznych wyrobów. Wysokotemperaturowa homogenizacja pozwoliła na uzyskanie jednorodnej struktury wlewków z drobnymi wydzieleniami faz międzymetalicznych. Znaczny wzrost temperatury solidusu homogenizowanych stopów umożliwiłbardziej efektywne przesycanie na wybiegu prasy. Wykazano możliwość zwiększenia maksymalnej dopuszczalnej prędkości wypływu metalu z otworu matrycy i obniżenia siły w procesie wyciskania, w porównaniu z konwencjonalną technologią wyciskania tych stopów. Proponowane rozwiązania pozwolą na produkcję przemysłową kształtowników AlCuMg o wysokich własnościach mechanicznych, w jednym skróconym cyklu technologicznym połączonego wyciskania z obróbką cieplną.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 1; 19-31
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 87.

Tytuł:: Effect of heat treatment and plasma nitriding on corrosion resistance of 440B martensitic stainless steel
Autorzy:: Łępicka, M.
Grądzka-Dahlke, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386313.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:: stainless steels
corrosion
heat treatment
plasma nitriding
surgical instruments
stal nierdzewna
korozja
obróbka termiczna
azotowanie jarzeniowe
narzędzia chirurgiczne
Opis:: Reliability and durability assurance poses a serious challenge for surgical instruments manufacturers. Hard working conditions, such as intermittent contact with body fluids and hard bone tissues, as well as necessity to undergo frequent sterilisation processes, induce constant research into solutions capable of ensuring high wear resistance while maintaining satisfactory imperviousness to corrosion. Plasma nitriding is marked as the modern corrosion resistance improving method suitable for surgical instruments steels. The paper pre-sents findings from the heat treated and plasma nitrided AISI 440B (PN EN or DIN X90CrMoV18) steel corrosion resistance studies. Three conventionally heat treated (quenched with tempering in 250, 390 or 605°C) and three additionally plasma nitrided in N2:H2 reaction gas mixture (50:50, 35:65 and 20:80 ratio, respectively) specimens groups were examined. Furthermore, the authors evaluated the effect of machining - polishing and sandblasting - on investigated steel corrosion resistance. Microscopic observations and electrochemical corrosion tests were performed using a variety of analytical techniques. Results showed that, in comparison to conventional heat treatment, plasma nitriding of 440B stainless steel does not significantly affect its corrosive characteristics as far as the uniform nitride layer over the entire detail surface is obtained. The layer heterogeneity results in intensification of corrosion processes, making the material even more susceptible to corrosion than after conventional heat treatment, and contributing to severe, visible even with the unaided eye damages development.
Źródło:: Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2013, 7, 3; 155-159
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:: Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 88.

Tytuł:: Comparison of structure and mechanical properties of nodular cast irons after casting and after heat treatment
Autorzy:: Vaško, A.
Belan, J.
Kuchariková, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114859.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:: nodular cast iron
ferritizing annealing
isothermal heat treatment
żeliwo sferoidalne
wyżarzanie ferrytyczne
obróbka cieplna izotermiczna
Opis:: The paper deals with the influence of charge composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of synthetic nodular cast irons after casting and after heat treatment (ferritizing annealing and isothermal heat treatment). Chemical composition of individual melts was regulated alternatively by carburizer and ferrosilicon (FeSi) or metallurgical silicon carbide (SiC). The results of experiments show that SiC additive positively influences the microstructure as well as mechanical properties of nodular cast iron, especially in specimens from the melts with higher ratio of steel scrap in the charge.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement; 2017, 1 (6); 31-38
2544-2813
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 89.

Tytuł:: Przykład obróbki cieplnej odlewów z żeliwa wysokochromowego
Example of Heat Treatment of High Chromium Cast Iron
Autorzy:: Siekaniec, D.
Szczęsny, A.
Kopyciński, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380144.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: obróbka cieplna
żeliwo wysokochromowe
mikrostruktura odlewu
twardość odlewu
heat treatment
high chromium cast iron
alloy microstructure
alloy hardness
Opis:: Żeliwo wysokochromowe jest powszechnie stosowanym materiałem w przemyśle górniczym i mineralnym, gdzie wymagana jest duża odporność na zużycie ścierne. Swoje dobre właściwości zawdzięcza obecności w mikrostrukturze twardych węglików. Żeliwo chromowe poddawane hartowaniu ma w praktyce osnowę austenityczną, austenityczno-perlityczną lub perlityczną. Istotnym procesem w czasie obróbki cieplnej jest tzw. destabilizacja austenitu, jest on ważny ponieważ dopiero po jego zajściu może nastąpić przemiana martenzytyczna. W zależności od szybkości chłodzenia, które następuje po procesie destabilizacji austenitu, może powstać perlit, bainit i martenzyt. Przeprowadzone badania dotyczyły określenia wpływu szybkości chłodzenia odlewów z żeliwa wysokochromowego po obróbce cieplnej, na mikrostrukturę i twardość. Badaniu zostało poddane żeliwo wysokochromowe o zawartości 27%Cr i 2,7%C. Przeprowadzono zabieg hartowania z temperatury 950 °C w czasie 4h, następnie odlewy poddano trzem wariantom chłodzenia – w wodzie, w kąpieli solnej i na powietrzu. Zbadano i porównano mikrostrukturę oraz twardość odlewów dla różnych wariantów chłodzenia.
High Chromium Cast Iron (HCCI) is widely use in mining and mineral industry, where abrasive resistance is a principal requirement. Its good properties thanks to the hard eutectic carbides occurring in the microstructure. The effect of heat treatment on HCCI was a subject of many research. High Chromium Cast Iron have an austenitic, austenitic-pearlitic or pearlitic matrix. An important process during the heat treatment is austenite destabilization, thus until after it conduct the martensitic transformation can occur. Depending on the cooling rate that follows the process of destabilization of austenite, perlite, bainite and martensite may form. The present work, aimed at studying the influence of cooling rate after heat treatment, on the microstructure and hardness. The study were carry out on samples of High Chromium Cast Iron containing 27%Cr i 2,7%C. Samples were subjected to the tempering treatment at the temperature of 950°C for 4 hours and three variants of cooling – in water, in a salt bath and on air. Examined and compared the microstructure and hardness of castings for different variants of cooling.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 4 spec.; 109-112
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 90.

Tytuł:: Effect of T6 Heat Treatment Parameters on Technological Quality of the AlSi7Mg Alloy
Autorzy:: Pezda, J.
Jarco, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383288.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
aluminum alloy
tensile strength
elongation
impact strength
obróbka cieplna
stop aluminium
wytrzymałość na rozciąganie
wydłużenie
udarność
Opis:: Very well-known advantages of aluminum alloys, such as low mass, good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, machining-ability, high recycling potential and low cost are considered as a driving force for their development, i.e. implementation in new applications as early as in stage of structural design, as well as in development of new technological solutions. Mechanical and technological properties of the castings made from the 3xx.x group of alloys depend mainly on correctly performed processes of melting and casting, design of a mould and cast element, and a possible heat treatment. The subject-matter of this paper is elaboration of a diagrams and dependencies between parameters of dispersion hardening (temperatures and times of solutioning and ageing treatments) and mechanical properties obtained after heat treatment of the 356.0 (EN AC AlSi7Mg) alloy, enabling full control of dispersion hardening process to programming and obtaining a certain technological quality of the alloy in terms of its mechanical properties after performed heat treatments. Obtained results of the investigations have enabled obtainment of a dependencies depicting effect of parameters of the solutioning and ageing treatments on the mechanical properties (R_m, A₅ and KC impact strength) of the investigated alloy. Spatial diagrams elaborated on the basis of these dependencies enable us to determine tendencies of changes of the mechanical properties of the 356.0 alloy in complete analyzed range of temperature and duration of the solutioning and ageing operations.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 95-100
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 91.

Tytuł:: Heat Treatment of AlSi7Mg0.3 Aluminium Alloys with Increased Zirconium and Titanium Content
Autorzy:: Kantoriková, E.
Kuriš, M.
Pastirčák, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837708.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: aluminum alloys
heat treatment
zirconium
titan
mechanical properties
stopy aluminium
obróbka cieplna
cyrkon
tytan
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:: The paper compares changes in the structure and mechanical properties due to the synergistic effect of alloying elements Zr and Ti. It is assumed that by increasing the content of Zr and Ti in the aluminium alloy, better mechanical properties will be achieved. Paper focuses on description of the differences between the samples casted into the shell mold and the metal mold. Main difference between mentioned molds is a different heat transfer coefficient during pouring, solidification and cooling of the metal in the mold. The main goal was to analyse the influence of Zr and Ti elements and compare the mechanical properties after the heat treatment. Curing and precipitation aging were used during the experiment. The effect of the elements on AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy created differences between the excluded Zr phases after heat treatment. Evaluation of the microstructure pointed to the decomposition of large predominantly needle Zr phases into smaller, more stable formations.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 2; 89-93
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 92.

Tytuł:: Artificial Neural Network to the Control of the Parameters of the Heat Treatment Process of Casting
Autorzy:: Wróbel, J.
Kulawik, A.
Bokota, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382692.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: heat treatment
moving heat source
artificial neural network
numerical modelling
control system
heating process
obróbka cieplna
źródło ciepła ruchome
sztuczna sieć neuronowa
modelowanie numeryczne
system sterowania
proces nagrzewania
Opis:: In the paper the use of the artificial neural network to the control of the work of heat treating equipment for the long axisymmetric steel elements with variable diameters is presented. It is assumed that the velocity of the heat source is modified in the process and is in real time updated according to the current diameter. The measurement of the diameter is performed at a constant distance from the heat source (Δz = 0). The main task of the model is control the assumed values of temperature at constant parameters of the heat source such as radius and power. Therefore the parameter of the process controlled by the artificial neural network is the velocity of the heat source. The input data of the network are the values of temperature and the radius of the heated element. The learning, testing and validation sets were determined by using the equation of steady heat transfer process with a convective term. To verify the possibilities of the presented algorithm, based on the solve of the unsteady heat conduction with finite element method, a numerical simulation is performed. The calculations confirm the effectiveness of use of the presented solution, in order to obtain for example the constant depth of the heat affected zone for the geometrically variable hardened axisymmetric objects.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 1; 119-124
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 93.

Tytuł:: Effect of Post Cast Heat Treatment on Cu20wt.%Sn on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Autorzy:: Slamet, S.
Suyitno, S.
Indraswari Kusumaningtyas, I. K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079820.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: tin bronze
sand casting
heat treatment
microstructure
mechanical properties
brąz cynowy
odlewanie piaskowe
obróbka cieplna
mikrostruktura
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:: Casting is one method of making metal components that are widely used in industry and up to date. The sand casting method is used due to its simplicity, ease of operation, and low cost. In addition, the casting method can produce cast products in various sizes and is well-suited for mass production. However, the disadvantage of casting, especially gravity casting, is that it has poor physical and mechanical properties. Tin bronze Cu20%wt.Sn is melted in a furnace, then poured at a temperature of 1100°C into a sand mold. The cast product is a rod with 400 mm in length, 10 mm in thickness, and 10 mm in width. The heat treatment mechanism is carried out by reheating the cast specimen at a temperature of 650°C, holding it for 4 hours, and then rapid cooling. The specimens were observed microstructure, density, and mechanical properties include tensile strength and bending strength. The results showed that there was a phase change from α + δ to α + β phase, an increase in density as a result of a decrease in porosity and a coarse grain to a fine grain. In addition, the tensile strength and bending strength of the Cu20wt.%Sn alloy were increased and resulted in a more ductile alloy through post-cast heat treatment.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 4; 87-92
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 94.

Tytuł:: Determination of stresses in the steel pipe during the superficial heat treatment process with helical path
Autorzy:: Kulawik, A.
Sczygiol, N.
Wróbel, J
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123006.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:: numerical analysis
superficial heat treatment
phase transformations in the solid state
stresses
steel pipe
analiza numeryczna
powierzchowna obróbka cieplna
przemiany fazowe w stanie stałym
naprężenia
rura stalowa
Opis:: In the paper a numerical model for the quench hardening process with the moving heat source of steel pipe made of medium carbon steel have been presented. The constant speed rotation and moving of the pipe was assumed to obtain the path of the heat source in the shape of the helical line. In this model the relationship occurring between thermal phenomena, phase transformation in the solid state and mechanical phenomena have been taken into account. The temperature and stress fields are determined using the copyright software based on the finite element method (three-dimensional tasks). To calculate the phase content in the solid state, the macroscopic model based on the analysis of the CTP diagrams is used. The range of the martensite transformations depends on the value of stresses. In the model the tempering phenomena is also taken into account. In the model of mechanical phenomena the elastic, thermal, structural, plastic strains and transformations plasticity are considered.
Źródło:: Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics; 2016, 15, 1; 79-86
2299-9965
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 95.

Tytuł:: Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Morphology of Low-Alloy High-Strength Steel
Autorzy:: Bolanowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353874.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: microalloyed steel
mechanical properties
microstructure
Opis:: The paper analyzes the influence of different heat treatment processes on the mechanical properties of low-alloy high-strength steel denoted by Polish Standard (PN) as 10MnVNb6. One of the findings is that, after aging, the mechanical properties of rolled steel are high: the yield strength may reach > 600 MPa, and the ultimate tensile strength is > 700 MPa. These properties are largely dependent on the grain size and dispersion of the strengthening phase in the ferrite matrix. Aging applied after hot rolling contributes to a considerable rise in the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. The process of normalization causes a decrease in the average grain size and coalescence (reduction of dispersion) of the strengthening phase. When 10MnVNb6 steel was aged after normalization, there was not a complete recovery in its strength properties.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2A; 475-480
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 96.

Tytuł:: A Method to Make Classification of the Heat Treatment Processes Performed on Bronze Using Incomplete Knowledge
Autorzy:: Kluska-Nawarecka, S.
Górny, Z.
Regulski, K.
Wilk-Kołodziejczyk, D.
Jančíková, Z.
David, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947501.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: information technology
foundry industry
heat treatment
classification algorithms
rough sets
data mining
technologia informacyjna
przemysł odlewniczy
obróbka cieplna
algorytmy klasyfikacyjne
zbiory przybliżone
Opis:: The article describes the problem of selection of heat treatment parameters to obtain the required mechanical properties in heat- treated bronzes. A methodology for the construction of a classification model based on rough set theory is presented. A model of this type allows the construction of inference rules also in the case when our knowledge of the existing phenomena is incomplete, and this is situation commonly encountered when new materials enter the market. In the case of new test materials, such as the grade of bronze described in this article, we still lack full knowledge and the choice of heat treatment parameters is based on a fragmentary knowledge resulting from experimental studies. The measurement results can be useful in building of a model, this model, however, cannot be deterministic, but can only approximate the stochastic nature of phenomena. The use of rough set theory allows for efficient inference also in areas that are not yet fully explored.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 2; 69-72
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 97.

Tytuł:: The effect of heat treatment on the structure and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg alloys
Autorzy:: Jurczak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258592.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: Aluminium alloys
structure
corrosion resistance
precipitation hardening
Opis:: The parameters of heat treatment of Al-Zn-Mg alloys subjected to precipitation hardening have a substantial impact on mechanical and corrosion resistance. The rate of cooling after supersaturation, along with the ageing temperature and time, affect significantly mechanical properties of these alloys. The type of ageing (artificial or natural) after saturation implies corrosion resistance in seawater. Being a modification of the AlZn5Mg1 alloy, denoted as PA47, the AlZn5Mg2CrZr alloy reveals best mechanical properties among all aluminium alloys in shipbuilding [1]. However, the higher level of precipitation hardening, the higher susceptibility to corrosion, in particular to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Describing the structure of Al-Zn-Mg alloys by identifying the precipitation free zone (PFZ) and the Guinier-Preston (G-P) zones provides the information on the corrosion resistance of these alloys.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2008, 4; 66-71
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 98.

Tytuł:: Preparation of different zinc compounds from a smithsonite ore through ammonia leaching and subsequent heat treatment
Autorzy:: Ehsani, Arman
Ehsani, Ilhan
Obut, Abdullah
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1445772.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: ammonia leaching
smithsonite
zinc ammine carbonate
zinc carbonate hydroxide
zinc oxide
Opis:: In this study, firstly, the effects of ammonia concentration, leaching time and solid/liquid ratio on the leaching behaviour of zinc from a smithsonite (ZnCO3) ore sample in aqueous ammonia solutions were investigated at room temperature by chemical, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analyses. It was found that leaching ratio of zinc steeply increased from 30.1 to 76.2% with increasing ammonia concentration from 1.0 to 4.0 M and maximum zinc leaching ratio of 79.7% was reached after leaching in 13.3 M NH3 solution. The XRD pattern of the residue obtained after leaching in 4.0 M NH3 solution for 90 min at solid/liquid ratio of 0.15 g/mL, the optimum condition, showed that smithsonite phase in the ore sample almost completely dissolved whereas the gangue minerals goethite and calcite remained unaffected, confirming the selectivity of ammonia solution for zinc dissolution. Together with zinc, leaching ratios of cadmium were also determined. In second part of the study, precipitation tests (by complete drying at different temperatures) were conducted on dissolved zinc, carbonate and ammonia containing pregnant solutions obtained after selected leaching experiments. By complete drying of the pregnant solutions at low temperatures, i.e. 50°C, relatively pure solid zinc ammine carbonate (Zn(NH3)CO3) precipitates and at higher temperatures, i.e. 150°C, quite pure solid zinc carbonate hydroxide (Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6) precipitates could be prepared. High-temperature heating of Zn(NH3)CO3 and Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 precipitates at 450°C yielded single-phase zinc oxide (ZnO). The chemical compositions, FT-IR spectra and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of some of the precipitates were also presented.
Źródło:: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2021, 57, 4; 96-106
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 99.

Tytuł:: Effect of the Combined Heat Treatment and Severe Plastc Deformation on the Microstructure of Cunisi Alloy
Autorzy:: Głuchowski, W.
Rdzawski, Z.
Sobota, J.
Domagała-Dubiel, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351854.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: copper alloy
precipitation hardening
microstructure
mechanical properties
electrical properties
Opis:: The aim of this work was to study the microstructure and functional properties of CuNi₂Si₁ alloy. The material was prepared classically by melting, casting, hot rolling and cold rolling. The obtained strips were processed with combined operations of supersaturation, ageing and one of the intensive deformation method - repetitive corrugation and straightening. The efficiency of RCS operation in shaping of functional properties in precipitation hardened copper alloys depends not only on tool geometry and operating parameters but also on whether and at what stage of strip production the supersaturation operation was applied. Application of the supersaturation before RCS operation broadens the potential to shape the set of functional properties. Comparable functional properties of the precipitation hardened copper alloy strips can be reached without application of the supersaturation operation in their manufacturing processes. The process of RCS applied after annealing, and the potentially slightly lower mechanical properties would be compensated by higher electrical conductivity.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 1207-1214
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 100.

Tytuł:: Structural characterization and magnetic properties of CuCr₂Te₄ spinel obtained by mechanical alloying and heat treatment
Autorzy:: Karolus, M.
Maciążek, E.
Panek, J.
Kubisztal, M.
Groń, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1154138.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016-10
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:: 75.50.Gg
75.50.Tt
81.10.Jt
Opis:: CuCr₂Te₄ can be obtain by mechanical alloying followed by heat treatment. The obtained phase crystallizes in the spinel-type structure of the space group Fd3m. The calculated crystallite size equals to 100 nm. Magnetic susceptibility measurements showed ferrimagnetic order below 21 K.
Źródło:: Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 859-861
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:: Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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