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Tytuł:
Modelling of the gas combustion process
Autorzy:
Baczyńska, T.
Głowiński, J.
Hałat, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
gaz palny
prędkość spalania
szybkość narastania ciśnienia
flammable gas
burning velocity
rate of pressure rise
deflagration index
Opis:
This paper reports on a procedure which leads to the assessment of the K(G) values without the need of determining the maximal rate of pressure rise by experiments. A simulation is proposed of the combustion process in its simplest form, i.e. one-dimensional propagation of the flame. Such simulation enables the burning velocity S(u) to be assessed. Knowing the S(u) values for different compositions of the flammable mixture makes it possible to determine the S(u,max) value. Once the correlation between S(u,max) and K(G) has been established, this will enable us to assign an appropriate value of K(G) to that of the maximal burning velocity. An example of such a correlation is given. It refers to flammable mixtures of a comparatively low burning velocity.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2008, 10, 1; 15-18
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of sewage sludge preparation for combustion process
Autorzy:
Magdziarz, A.
Wilk, M.
Kosturkiewicz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
analiza termiczna
brykietowanie
gospodarka odpadami
osad ściekowy
briquetting
waste management
sewage sludge
thermal analysis
Opis:
Waste disposal is imposed by the European Union under Treaty of Accession concerning waste management order. One of the waste disposal methods is thermal utilisation. The paper presents an investigation of sewage sludge briquettes used as a fuel in combustion process. The research study was carried out on samples taken from the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant in Bochnia. Briquettes with lime were formed. The analysis of the elementary chemical composition of municipal sewage sludge, the composition of the ash and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out. The results indicate that the prepared briquettes had sufficient fuel properties.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2011, 32, 4; 299-309
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of combustion process in dual fuel diesel engine
Autorzy:
Żółtowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
alternative fuels
combustion
Opis:
In this paper are presented results of dual fuel diesel engine bench testing carried out by author. The engine was fuelled parallel with two fuels. The second, additional fuel was compressed natural gas (CNG). CNG was injected into engine inlet system before inlet to engine turbocharger. There was installed a pressure transducer in one of engine cylinders and cylinder pressure was registered at the time of testing. There is discussed place and way of pressure sensor installation and impact on quality of indicating signals of the channel connecting the transducer with combustion chamber. The carried out investigations included measurement of emissions and engine indicating completed with the heat release characteristics. There was considered influence of CNG on CO, NOx, THC and NMHC emissions, especially how pollutant emissions depend on the share of methane in fuel. The effect of using natural gas as an additional fuel injected to regular CI engine on heat release rate was investigated, as well as its rate and duration. Discussed the differences between combustion of methane and diesel oil and ways of spreading flames into air-fuel mixture for these two mixed fuels The processes of combustion of diesel oil and methane are totally different. The study searches for the limits of methane content due to knocking combustion. Additive of methane to the diesel fuel is a reason of retarded heat release, decrease of engine efficiency, greater fuel consumption and changes in emissions corresponding to the lag of self-ignition
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 303-309
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of pollutants concentrations from the biomass combustion process
Autorzy:
Magdziarz, A.
Wilk, M.
Zajemska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
modelowanie numeryczne
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
biomass combustion process
air pollutant
numerical modelling
Opis:
This paper presents possibilities for of numerical modelling of biomass combustion in a commercially available boiler. A sample of biomass was tested with respect to its physical and chemical properties. Thermogravimetry studies of biomass were carried out. Computer simulation makes it possible to analyse complex phenomena which are otherwise difficult to observe. The aim of this work was to model biomass combustion to predict the amount of pollutants generated (NOx, CO, SO2) in the exhaust gases coming out from boilers The calculations were made using the CHEMKIN program. Results of calculations were performed taking into account the influence of temperature, pressure and residence time.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2011, 32, 4; 423-433
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biological activity of carbon nanoparticles produced in combustion process
Autorzy:
Kałużny, Jarosław
Idaszewska, Natalia
Runka, Tomasz
Piasecki, Adam
Nowicki, Marek
Merkisz, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
carbon nanotubes
nanoparticles
environment
nanorurki węglowe
nanocząstki
środowisko
Opis:
In the recent years industrial applications of carbon allotropes such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have been tested extensively, thus justifying research on the environmental impact these materials have. In the current paper we compare EDS spectroscopy results of a cabin filter used in a car to a filter used in an air purifier inside a residential space. The contaminants adsorbed on the car-bon nanoparticles trapped in both types of filters allows for determining of their source of origin demonstrating clearly the dominant role of non-road emissions in Poland. Finally we present the experimental study on the growth of plants on substrates intentionally enriched with CNTs.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 269-273
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of combustion process with jet-ignition of propane-air mixtures
Autorzy:
Sendyka, B.
Mitianiec, W.
Noga, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
gaseous mixture
combustion
jet ignition
mieszanina gazowa
spalanie
zapłon jet
Opis:
The paper presents the study of combustion process of a homogenous lean propane-air mixture in the cylindrical combustion chamber ignited by a hot gas jet from the pre-ignition chamber. A rich propane-air mixture in the pre-chamber is ignited by the spark plug and the exhaust gasses flow from the chamber trough the holes in the wall. The mathematical model of gas exchange and energy balance in chambers with a laminar finite-rate model taking into account the two-step Arrhenius chemical kinetics is presented. The work presents results of thermodynamic parameters of the charge obtained in CFD simulations in Fluent and Kiva3v for three configurations: with one hole in the wall of the ignition chamber, with three holes and without an ignition chamber. Modelling and simulation have shown faster burning of the mixture for jet ignition with three holes of the pre-chamber. The results of simulations were verified by experimental studies in the combustion chamber of the same geometry by the Schlieren method. The work presents flame front propagation, pressure traces and pressure increment speed for two mixtures with a different equivalence fuel-air ratio. Experimental results proved the simulation observation of faster flame propagation in the main chamber with three holes.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2015, 63, 2; 533-543
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combustion process of direct injected water-coal mixture in diesel engine
Autorzy:
Mitianiec, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
transport
diesel engines
fuelling
water-coal emulsion
combustion
silnik spalinowy
tankowanie
emulsja wodno-węglowa
spalania
Opis:
The paper describes the problem of coal-water mixture combustion process in heavy duty diesel engines in the energetic sector application. In the future due to depletion of crude oil resources we have to foreseen another fuel for application in power plants. Large deposits of coal and lignite in the world enable to utilize these fuels in different thermal machines, especially in internal combustion engines. A carbon powder containing small molecules about 10–20 micrometers dissolved in water is good fuel for applying in large capacity engines in electrical plants. Aqueous emulsion of coal has possibility of good cooling of injectors cooling and has also good lubricity. Initial experimental tests done in the world indicate a higher thermal efficiency of engine fuelled by water coal emulsion than engine fuelled by diesel oil and also gas turbine driven by gas from coal gasification technology. The increased emission of CO2 can be reduced in the plants simply by chemical reduction. The paper explains thermochemical processes taking place in the engines during combustion process. The work parameters results obtained from calculations were compared with those obtained from CI engine fuelled by diesel oil. The paper is a certain challenge for finding a new fuel sources as a competition for crude oil and allows to get acquainted with new engine fuelling technology.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 1; 37-43
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical modelling of combustion process with the use of ANSYS FLUENT code
Autorzy:
Kowalski, M.
Jankowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
liquid fuels
combustion processes
turbulent flow
combustion process model
ANSYS FLUENT
Opis:
The article presents the modelling of the combustion process of liquid fuels using professional ANSYS FLUENT software. This program allows modelling the dynamics of compressible and incompressible, laminar and turbulent flows as well as heat exchange phenomena with occurrence and without chemical reactions. The model presented in the article takes into account the influence of the gas phase on the liquid phase during the fuel combustion process. The influence of velocity and pressure of the flowing gas and the type of flow has a significant impact on the combustion of liquid fuels. The developed model is fully reliable and the presented results are consistent with experimental research. The occurrence of a laminar sublayer in a turbulent flow was confirmed, and the thickness of this layer and the turbulent layer significantly influences the course of the combustion process. The use of the flat flow model reflects the basic phenomena occurring during the combustion of liquid fuels under turbulent conditions. The use of the program for flows with different flow velocity profiles is justified. It gives important information about the processes taking place during the combustion of liquid fuels. The results of numerical tests are presented graphically. The article presents graphs of velocity field, absolute pressure, power lines, temperature and density.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 175-186
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation of the combustion process in the electronically controlled marine diesel engine
Autorzy:
Kluj, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
marine diesel engines
simulation
combustion engines
electronically controlled engines
Opis:
The introduction of the electronically controlled low-speed diesel engines has raised a number of new problems - caused mainly by the influence of these electronic system settings on the combustion process. The wide set of the combustion press settings is now available for the chief engineers on the board of the ship and for the shipyard experts during the sea trials. This opens many new possibilities for the combustion process optimization but also causes the danger of the serious engine malfunction due to the improper settings. The paper presents the mathematical model of the electronically controlled low-speed marine diesel engine ant the special attention is paid to the available settings of the combustion process. The effective compression ratio, the injection timing and the exhaust valve setting can be adjusted in a similar manner like in the actual engine. The combustion pressure curves, the mean indicated pressure, the exhaust gas temperature can be observed when changing the combustion settings. The paper describes in detail the results of the several most typical simulations like change of the given combustion pressure increase, the change of the effective compression ratio, the change of the exhaust valve opening timing and the change of the maximum load setting.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 233-238
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A semi-Markov model of fuel combustion process in a diesel engine
Autorzy:
Girtler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Opis:
A four-state model of the combustion process in working spaces (cylinders) of a diesel engine is presented in the form of a semi-Markov process, discrete in states and continuous in time. The values in this process are the states : s1, s2, s3, s4 corresponding to commonly accepted types of combustion in those engines, namely : s1 - the process state which corresponds to total (complete and perfect) combustion, s2 - the process state which corresponds to incomplete combustion, s3 - the process state which corresponds to imperfect combustion, and s4 - the process state which corresponds to both incomplete and imperfect combustion. It is also mentioned that proper use of diesel engines can secure a correct course of the combustion process, if it is properly attended and shaped. During this course the state s4 does not take place. Formulas are given which make it possible to determine the probability of staying of the combustion process in the above named states, along with the interpretation of the probability P1 = P(s1) as the probability of correct (reliable) engine operation.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2007, S 1; 58-61
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic modeling of combustion process of the internal combustion engines - an overview
Autorzy:
Stepanenko, Denys
Kneba, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134250.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
thermodynamic combustion model
internal combustion engine
convective heat transfer coefficient
Wiebe burning law
single-zone model
two-zone model
heat transfer submodel
termodynamiczny model procesu spalania
tłokowy silnik spalinowy
współczynnik konwekcyjnej wymiany ciepła
jednostrefowy model procesu spalania
dwustrefowy model procesu spalania
podmodel wymiany ciepła
Opis:
The mathematical description of combustion process in the internal combustion engines is a very difficult task, due to the variety of phenomena that occurring in the engine from the moment when the fuel-air mixture ignites up to the moment when intake and exhaust valves beginning open. Modeling of the combustion process plays an important role in the engine simulation, which allows to predict incylinder pressure during the combustion, engine performance and environmental impact with high accuracy. The toxic emissions, which appears as a result of fuels combustion, are one of the main environmental problem and as a result the air pollutant regulations are increasingly stringent, what makes the investigation of the combustion process to be a relevant task.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 27-37
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of fuel film deposition on combustion process in PFI SI engine
Autorzy:
Merola, S. S.
Sementa, P.
Tornatore, C.
Vaglieco, B. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
Overboosting
spark ignition engine
optical diagnostics
fuel film deposition
Opis:
The present paper discusses the experimental investigations on the flame induced by fuel film deposition ignition in a single cylinder, ported fuel injection, four-stroke, over-boosted spark-ignition engine with a four-valve production head. The engine was optically accessible and equipped with a transparent quartz window in the bottom of the combustion chamber. 2D-digital imaging and UV-visible natural emission spectroscopy were used to follow the flame propagation in the combustion chamber. Two colour pyrometers were applied to evaluate flame temperature and soot concentration. Particulate matter and soot primary particles diameters were measured and correlated with the soot amount produced in the combustion chamber. The effect of the intake air pressure and injection phasing was investigated. Optical setup for spectroscopic measurements and visible digital imaging, visible flame emission detected in the chamber for the selected operating conditions, visible emission spectra measured at 60 CAD ASOS in the chamber, soot concentration measured at the selected operating conditions, integral soot concentration measured at the selected operating conditions, particulate mass concentration measured by the Opacimeter and particles number concentration measured by LII at the engine exhaust are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 395-402
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combustion process visualisation in rapid compression machine modelling combustion in spark ignition engines
Autorzy:
Leżański, T.
Sęczyk, J.
Wolański, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
internal combustion engines
spark ignition engines
combustion process
combustion process control
visualization of combustion process
Opis:
Mixture preparation and combustion processes in internal combustion engines are very complex and very difficult to investigate. These processes run very quickly and their parameters are changed quickly and in wide ranges. Therefore, the interpretation of measurement results is very difficult and uncertain. The visualization methods applied in the combustion researches can help to interpret the results. For many years, the visualization methods have been developed at the Aircraft Engine Department of Heat Engineering Institute of Warsaw University of Technology, in the field of combustion in engines, detonation and gas dynamics research. In these researches, different method of registration of very fast changes of combustion were applied. The combustion experiments have been performed in constant volume bomb, rapid compression machines and experimental visualisation engines. In the last case, the electronic digital camera of Photram SA 1.3 has been used. This paper refers to the experiments, which were conducted using rapid compression machine. Their goal was explanation the combustion mechanism in combustion system with semi-open combustion chamber under different parameters of this system. The obtained results show a strong influence of combustion system parameters on combustion mechanism, especially on a compression ratio and ignition timing. The strong swirls were registered at all sharp edges on combustion chamber during compression stroke. These swirls had a strong influence on the combustion system operation.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 219-226
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Światłowodowy układ do monitorowania procesu spalania
Fiber-optic system for combustion process monitoring
Autorzy:
Wójcik, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/152218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
energetyka
spalanie
power industry
combustion
process monitoring
optical fibre
Opis:
W pracy omówione zostały własności płomieni laminarnych i turbulentnych, spalanie pojedynczych ziaren węgla oraz w strudze (żagwi). Przedstawiono konstrukcję światłowodowego układu pomiarowego umożliwiającego monitorowanie płomieni oraz urządzeń w warunkach przemysłowych. Ponadto zaprezentowano wybrane wyniki pomiarowe.
In the work we describe the properties of laminar and turbulent flames were as well as combustion of coal in single grains and in a stream. We also show the set-up of fiber-optic measurement system for monitoring of flame and burner devices in industrial conditions. Selected results of measurements are presented as well.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 11, 11; 24-28
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Employing Optical Measurements for Monitoring and Diagnostics of Combustion Process in Industrial Conditions
Autorzy:
Wójcik, W.
Suleimenov, B.
Junisbekov, M.
Kalizhanova, A.
Smailova, S.
Mussabekov, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124530.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
combustion process
fiber optic probe
signal analysis
Opis:
The paper discusses some practical problems conected with introdction of modern coal combustion technologies as well as biomass co-combustion. In order to ensure that the combustion process runs in a proper way, the multichannel fiber optic monitoring system was applied. The system converts the optical signals coming from several flame zones to electrical that were further transmitted to the control room. The article prsents signal analyses made in time-frequency domain using short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform and the way of their visualization to power boiler operators.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 1; 273-283
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental and numerical modelling of combustion process of liquid fuels under laminar conditions
Autorzy:
Żurek, J.
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
modelling of combustion processes
laser Doppler velocimetry
Phase Doppler
Laser Analyser
ANSYS Fluent
laminar bounduary layer
Opis:
The paper presents the results of experimental studies obtained in a special test stand, which was carried out with the addition of mass flow, summarizes the theoretical analysis of the phenomena occurring in the flow, and the calculations, which were performed using the modeling of flow in the channel. The two examples of model calculations for the two laminar Reynolds number values are shown. Paper presents: channel scheme for analyzing the flow arising as a result of adding mass, two-dimensional diagram of the computational domain with the mass addition, grid computing domain, two-component velocity field, the lines of current in the channel, the distribution of the vector field in the channel, the average velocity as a function of the distances, the speed and temperature distributions for each channel cross-sections for flow with various values of the Reynolds number. The increase in lateral velocity Vb , while maintaining constant lower speed Vd , decreases the thickness of the boundary layer, both the velocity and the thermal one, which was also referenced in experimental investigations, carried out on the special test rig, using LDV and PDPA laser techniques.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 309-316
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przygotowanie lignocelulozy odpadowej do procesu spalania
Preparation of lignocellulosic waste for combustion process
Autorzy:
Robak, J.
Janusz, M.
Sobolewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1218725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego. Zakład Wydawniczy CHEMPRESS-SITPChem
Tematy:
granulacja
brykietowanie
paliwa formowane
lignoceluloza odpadowa
granulation
briquetting
formed fuels
lignocellulosic waste
Opis:
Zainteresowanie wykorzystaniem biomasy w szeroko rozumianej energetyce zwraca uwagę na zasoby odpadowej biomasy lignocelulozowej. Różne źródła pochodzenia są przyczyną znacznego zróżnicowania jej właściwości fizykochemicznych, cechą wspólną jest jednakże duże rozdrobnienie, połączone niejednokrotnie z dużą zawartością wilgoci. Wykorzystanie tego rodzaju materiału jako paliwa stwarza nie tylko problemy natury technologicznej na etapie jej spalania, jest również przyczyną trudności logistycznych związanych z operacjami za- i rozładunku oraz efektywności transportu. W pracy przedstawiono efekty wykorzystania różnych technik kompaktowania do przygotowania lignocelulozy odpadowej do procesu jej energetycznego zużytkowania. Przedstawiono problemy i zalety kompaktowania metodą brykietowania w prasie walcowej, brykieciarce tłokowej oraz paletyzacji w granulatorze z matrycą pierścieniową.
Interest in usage of biomass in power industry is starting to notice the lignocellulosic waste biomass. Various origin of biomass is reason for major differences in its physicochemical properties, however, common feature is high disintegration and often large moisture content. Usage of such material as fuel causes not only technological problems with combustion, but also is a source of logistics problems, such as un/loading and transport efficiency. Following article shows effect of various compacting techniques of lignocellulosic waste preparation for its energetic utilization. Pros and cons of compacting using roll press, hydraulic press and pelletization has been highlighted.
Źródło:
Chemik; 2012, 66, 5; 436-444
0009-2886
Pojawia się w:
Chemik
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emission of volatile organic compounds during combustion process in a miniature turbojet engine
Autorzy:
Janicka, A. B.
Zawiślak, M.
Gawron, B.
Górniak, A.
Białecki, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
turbojet engine
alternative fuels
organic compounds
aviation fuel
volatile organic compounds
silnik turboodrzutowy
paliwa alternatywne
związki organiczne
paliwo lotnicze
lotne związki organiczne
Opis:
Aviation is one of the fastest growing modes of transport. Due to the growing number of flights, the consumption of aviation fuels (mainly jet fuels) keeps increasing. The combustion process in the aircraft engine results in harmful exhaust emissions having an adverse impact on the environment. Alternative fuels based on bio-components and biofuels are a way of reducing the harmful exhaust emissions. Analyses and measurements performed on real aircraft engines are complex and expensive. For this reason, increasingly more research and development projects have been carried out on small-scale engines. This paper presents investigations into volatile organic compound emissions from jet fuel combustion in a miniature turbojet engine. Based on chromatography tests, the compositions of exhaust gases produced by the jet engine fed with various fuels were determined, which in turn led to evaluation of its toxicity and harmfulness. Conventional fossil-based fuel Jet A-1 and a blend of Jet A-1 with 25 vol. % of biobutanol were tested at the same fuel flow rates. The engine working parameters such as, e.g., thrust or emission index have been determined with respect to the type of fuel. The test results have been compared and analyzed.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 4; 57-67
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of butanol blend on in-cylinder combustion process. Part 1: Spark ignition engine
Autorzy:
Tornatore, C.
Marchitto, L.
Mazzei, A.
Valentino, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
optical diagnostics
combustion process
PFI SI boosted engin
Opis:
The addition of alcohol to conventional hydrocarbon fuels for a spark-ignition engine can increase the fuel octane rating and the power for a given engine displacement and compression ratio. In this work, the influence of butanol addition to gasoline in a port fuel-injection, spark ignition engine was investigated. The experiments were realized in a single cylinder ported fuel injection SI engine with an external boosting device. The optical accessible engine was equipped with the head of commercial SI turbocharged engine with the same geometrical specifications (bore, stroke, compression ratio) as the research engine. The effect on the spark ignition combustion process of 40% n-butanol blended in volume with gasoline was investigated by cycle resolved visualization. The engine worked at low speed, medium boosting and wide open throttle. Changes in spark timing and fuel injection phasing were considered in order to investigate normal and abnormal combustion. Comparisons between the parameters related to the flame luminosity and to the pressure signals were performed. The duration of injection for butanol blend was increased to obtain stoichiometric mixture. In open valve injection condition, the fuel deposits on intake manifold and piston surfaces decreased, allowing a reduction in fuel consumption. Butanol blend granted the performance levels of gasoline and in open valve injection allowed to minimize the abnormal combustion effects and the formation of ultrafine carbonaceous particles.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 427-438
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aspects of combustion process in a high pressure direct fuel injection two-stroke engine
Autorzy:
Mitianiec, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
combustion engines
heat release
Opis:
The paper presents combustion process in loop scavenging two-stroke engine with high pressure direct injection of gasoline. A new method of determination of heat release rate on the base of experimental test in a two-stroke engine with direct gasoline injection is also presented. The target of the work was achieving of information about implementation of approximated Viebe function in mathematical models and simulation computer programs of a combustion process in spark ignition two-stroke engine with direct fuel injection due to the lack of such data in the literature. The paper show propagation of the flame in the combustion chamber depending on charge flow after scavenge process. The paper presents several examples of heat release and approximate function, for which variable coefficients of Viebe function were determined for certain rotational speeds at wide opening throttle. Pressure measurements were carried out on the engine Robin EC12 wit capacity 115 cm3. Determination of heat release and burned fuel rate was calculated by means of own computer program. The paper also presents the method of determination of variable specific heat coefficients in the function of crankshaft rotation, which are also used in modelling of the engine processes.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 289-298
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of selected gaseous fuels on the combustion process in the Si engine
Autorzy:
Flekiewicz, M.
Kubica, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/374902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
LPG
DME
methane
hydrogen
combustion
metan
wodór
spalanie
Opis:
This paper presents the results of SI engine tests, carried out for different gaseous fuels. The analysis carried out made it possible to define the correlation between fuel composition and engine operating parameters. The tests covered various gaseous mixtures: methane with hydrogen from 5% to 50% by volume and LPG with DME from 5% to 26% by mass. The first group, considered as low-carbon-content fuels can be characterized by low CO2 emissions. Flammability of hydrogen added in those mixtures realizes the function of the combustion process activator. Thus, hydrogen addition improves energy conversion by about 3%. The second group of fuels is constituted by LPG and DME mixtures. DME mixes perfectly with LPG, and differently than other hydrocarbon fuels, consisting of oxygen as well, which makes the stoichiometric mixture less oxygen demanding. In the case of this fuel an improvement in engine volumetric and overall engine efficiency has been noticed compared with LPG. For the 11% DME share in the mixture an improvement of 2% in the efficiency has been noticed. During the tests, standard CNG–LPG feeding systems have been used, which underlines the utility value of the research. The stand-test results have been followed by combustion process simulation including exhaust forming and charge exchange.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2017, 12, 3; 135-146
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of combustion process in cylinders of diesel engine based on its working achievements
Autorzy:
Roslanowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
stochastic process of engine operation
energy transformation
periodogram of engine operation
diagnosis of heat generating process in engine cylinder
Opis:
Elements of Modern ships' main combustion driven engines are subject to immense heat and mechanical loads. It is therefore advisable to supervise the regularity of heat generation in engine 's cylinder s. In order to diagnose the process of heat generation in engine's cylinder s, this article propagates the use of momentmetre. Described method allows estimating faulty combustion on the basis of autocorrelation of moment temporary values on the shaft after three successive rotations. The paper brings to attention how the work of diesel engine may be usedfor estimation of combustion process correctness in this engine cylinder. The work of diesel engine is connected with transfer of effective energy to ship propeller during its operation. Due to accidental naturę of combustion inside engine cylinder s it stochastic internally stationary process. To say more it is stochastic internally stationary process with ergodic feature. It makes possible to describe expected engine work by means of stochastic second order characteristics. They are autocorrelation functions and spectrum density of self power functions depending on time and frequency. Both above mentioned functions are uniquely connected with combustion in engine cylinders and it is possible to estimate the correctness of engine operation. It is also possible to estimate if the work of engine in given sail conditions is equal to reguirements of imposed tasks. If this reguirement is not met in the case of one propeller ship it can lead to the loss of ship stability and as a result can cause the ship sink.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 409-415
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of butanol blend on in-cylinder combustion process. Part 2: Compression ignition engine
Autorzy:
Tornatore, C.
Marchitto, L.
Mazzei, A.
Valentino, G.
Corcione, F. E.
Merola, S. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
optical diagnostics
combustion process
common rail CI engine
diesel/gasoline blend
diesel/butanol blend
Opis:
To meet the future stringent emission standards, innovative diesel engine technology, exhaust gas after-treatment, and clean alternative fuels are required. Oxygenated fuels showed tendency to decrease internal combustion engine emissions. In the same time, advanced fuel injection modes can promote further reduction in pollutants at the exhaust without penalty for the combustion efficiency. One of the more interesting solutions is provided by the premixed low temperature combustion (LTC) mechanism jointly to lower-cetane, higher-volatility fuels. In this paper, to understand the role played by these factors on soot formation, cycle resolved visualization, UV-visible optical imaging were applied in an optically accessed high swirl multi-jets compression ignition engine. Combustion tests were carried out using two fuels: commercial diesel and a blend of diesel with n-butanol. The fuels were tested at 70MPa injection pressure and different timings. At late injection timing coupled to high EGR rate (50%), the blends increased the ignition delay allowing operating in partially premixed LTC (PPLTC) regime in which the fuel is completely injected before the start of combustion. Strong reduction in engine out emissions of smoke and NOx were obtained with a little penalty on engine efficiency. This limitation was overcome operating at earlier injection timing in which a mixing controlled combustion (MCC) LTC regime was realized. In this regime, a good compromise between low engine out emissions and efficiency was achieved.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 473-483
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Behavior of Jordanian Oil Shale during Combustion Process from the El-Lajjun Deposit
Autorzy:
Gougazeh, Mousa
Alsaqoor, Sameh
Borowski, Gabriel
Alsafasfeh, Ashraf
Hdaib, Ismail I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
El-Lajjun oil shale
combustion
X-ray diffraction
thermogravimetric
fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
X-ray fluorescence
Opis:
The results of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and FTIR spectroscopy analyses of mineral composition indicated that the El-Lajjun oil shale is principally composed of calcite, quartz with minor amounts of kaolinite), gypsum, and apatite. The obtained oil shale ash products at 830 °C and 1030 °C are dominated by lime, quartz, anhydrite, portlandite, gehlenite, and amorphous phases. The TGA weight loss curves clearly indicate that it occurred in the temperature range from 310 to 650 °C. The decomposition of oil shale carbonates was detected above 750°C. The functional groups in the organic material of oil shale are dominated by the aliphatic hydrocarbons, the semi-ash of which had diverse structures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The most intensive of combustion occurred in the temperature range of 400–750 °C. In this temperature range, about 75 wt.% was accounted for the total mass loss.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 8; 133--140
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment methods of the basic parameters of the combustion process in reciprocating internal combustion engines
Autorzy:
Lejda, Kazimierz
Warianek, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
combustion process
combustion process parameters
indicator diagram
engine operation cycles
proces spalania
parametry procesu spalania
wykres indykatorowy
cykl pracy silnika
Opis:
The article presents selected methods of assessing the basic parameters of the combustion process, as well as assessing the usability and limitations of the methods used to determine the initiation and the end of the combustion process in reciprocating internal combustion engines. The methods considered are based on data contained in real, developed indicator diagrams. Basic thermodynamic assumptions and the scope of application of the combustion process evaluation method based on the actual work cycle of a combustion engine prepared in a double logarithmic scale were discussed. The article also mentions the application of the following methods: a direct pressure comparison method in the cylinder, the comparison of the first pressure derivative in the cylinder, logarithmic derivative meth-od of pressure change in the cylinder, the method of the polytropic index, method of the first derivative of the polytropic index and the method of constant values of the polytropic index. The article presents the advantages and disadvantages of the research of our methods.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 21-26
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The injector location impact on the fuel combustion process in a direct gasoline injection system
Autorzy:
Sidorowicz, M.
Pielecha, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133422.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
gasoline direct injection
fuel combustion
exhaust emission
simulation software
bezpośredni wtrysk benzyny
spalanie paliwa
emisja spalin
programy symulacyjne
Opis:
The article contains an analysis of the fuel dose combustion phenomena and exhaust emissions in a direct injection system of an SI engine for variable injector location in the combustion chamber. The research performed is a continuation of the research presented in the article CE-2018-104. The tests were performed using the AVL Fire 2017 simulation environment. 27 injector placement combinations in three planes were analyzed: axial distance from the cylinder axis, injector depth relative to the head and angular position relative to the cylinder axis. An optimal solution was chosen, taking into account the significance of individual indicators. It was shown that the greatest impact in terms of the most advantageous combustion process indicators is the injector setting depth in the combustion chamber cavity, while the distance from the cylinder axis is of secondary importance. The smallest changes in the combustion and emission factors values are seen with the change of the injector placement angle (in the value range used in this study).
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2018, 57, 2; 19-29
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cylinder-to-cylinder and cycle-to-cycle variation in combustion process in radial aircraft engine
Autorzy:
Gęca, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133615.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
radial engine
combustion
non-uniformity
cycle-to-cycle variation
wavelet analysis
multifractal analysis
silnik gwiazdowy
spalanie
niejednorodność
analiza falkowa
analiza multifraktalna
Opis:
Cycle-to-cycle variation in combustion in a single cylinder of a radial engine has an impact on that in others and the entire engine. Steady- and transient-state engine operation was investigated, and the transient states were generated by cyclic changes in the timing of fuel injection to a given cylinder, having others operated on the same mixture composition. The measurement of pressure in the combustion chamber allowed for specifying indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) in all cycles. The time series of IMEP were studied with mathematical techniques of non-linear dynamics, i.e. a wavelet transform and a multifractal analysis. Controlled disturbances in mixture composition in a single cylinder can have an impact on certain cylinders only. Cylinders 3, 5, 7 and 9 are most responsive to such disturbances, which proves their least cycle-to-cycle variation in combustion.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 1; 77-83
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on the combustion process using time series
Badania procesu spalania z wykorzystaniem szeregów czasowych
Autorzy:
Grądz, Żaklin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407883.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
time series
ARIMA model
flame luminosity
szereg czasowy
model ARIMA
jasność świecenia płomienia
Opis:
In the combustion process, one of the most important tasks is related to maintaining its stability. Numerous methods of monitoring, diagnostics, and analysis of the measurement data are used for this purpose. The information recorded in the combustion chamber constitute one-dimensional time series. In the case of non-stationary time series, which can be transformed into the stationary form, the autoregressive integrated moving average process can be employed. The paper presented the issue of forecasting the changes in flame luminosity. The investigations discussed in the work were carried out with the ARIMA model (p,d,q). The presented forecasts of changes in flame luminosity reflect the actual processes, which enables to employ them in diagnostics and control of the combustion process.
W procesie spalania jednym z najważniejszych zadań jest zachowanie jego stabilności. Do tego celu wykorzystywanych jest wiele metod z zakresu monitorowania, diagnostyki i analizy danych pomiarowych. Zarejestrowane w komorze spalania informacje są jednowymiarowymi szeregami czasowymi. W przypadku niestacjonarnych szeregów czasowych, które można przekształcić do formy stacjonarnej, znalazły zastosowanie scałkowane procesy autoregresji i średniej ruchomej. W artykule przedstawiono problematykę prognozowania zmian intensywności świecenia płomienia. Badania zaprezentowane w pracy zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem modelu ARIMA(p,d,q). Przedstawione prognozy zmian intensywność świecenia płomienia odwzorowują rzeczywiste przebiegi, co pozwala wykorzystać je w diagnostyce i sterowaniu procesem spalania.
Źródło:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska; 2020, 10, 2; 52-55
2083-0157
2391-6761
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of fuel injection parameters on the combustion process in a self-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Imiołek, M.
Piętak, A.
Wierzbicki, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243984.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
injection pressure
injector opening time
fuel injection advance angle
Opis:
This paper presents the effect of the main parameters of fuel injection, such as injection angle and injector opening time, on the combustion process in a self-ignition engine. The study continues the research aimed at optimising the bi-fuel feeding of self-ignition engines with a main fuel dose of methane (CNG). The results described in the paper apply to a HATZ 1B40 one-cylinder engine, which was adapted for being powered with methane. Examinations of the engine powered with a pilot dose of mechanically-injected diesel oil revealed the necessity to adjust the fuel injection advance angle. To this end, the mechanical system offuel supply was replaced with a Common Rail, with controllable fuel injection pressure, fuel injection advance angle and injector opening time. The results presented in the paper show the characteristics of the injector output depending on the fuel pressure in the Common Rail and on the duration of the electric impulse which opens the injector. Moreover, the article presents examples of pressure courses in the combustion chamber at a constant fuel dose and with a different fuel injection advance angle. An example of the combustion pressure course at a constant fuel dose and variable injection pressure and injector opening time is given.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 143-148
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of diesel fuel mixture and camelina oil ester on selected parameters of combustion process
Autorzy:
Orliński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
camelina oil ester
combustion
diesel engine
Opis:
This paper presents the results of comparative research into basic physical and chemical properties of pure diesel fuel and two types of mixtures: Camelina oil ester (Camelina oil ester content in the mixture was 10% and 15%) and diesel fuel. Camelina oil ester was used to show that it can also be used as an additive plant to diesel fuel (according to the plans of the European Union). Similarly to on a large scale used ester of rapeseed oil. The base fuel in the research was clean diesel fuel (without the addition of ester as in the case of diesel fuel available at petrol stations).The use of fuels with different physical and chemical properties to supply the diesel engine and the use of measuring equipment used for determining the parameters of fast-changing operation resulted in the determination of the operating medium average pressure during the combustion process. On the basis of the experimental pressure characteristics of heat release were identified. Analysis of these characteristics determined the proportion of total combustion phases of kinetics and diffusion, depending on the type of fuel and operating conditions. Finally, the paper shows that the fuel with different physicochemical properties has a significant effect on the combustion process. A comparative assessment of the suitability of tested mixtures for operational use was made.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 291-298
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of creation and combustion process of hydrogen-air mixtures by optical method in isochoric chamber
Autorzy:
Brzeżański, M.
Papuga, T.
Rodak, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
hydrogen-air mixture
isochoric combustion chamber
registration of pressure
filming of combustion process
mieszanina wodoru i powietrza
izochoryczna komora spalania
pomiar ciśnienia
proces spalania
Opis:
The article considers the analysis of combustion process of hydrogen-air mixture of variable composition. Direct injection of hydrogen into the isochoric combustion chamber was applied and the mixture formation took place during the combustion process. The influence of the dose distribution of the fuel supplied before and after ignition on the formation of the flame front and the course of the pressure in the isochoric combustion chamber was discussed. The filming process and registration of pressure in the isochoric chamber during research of combustion process was applied.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 3; 121-125
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mathematical description of combustion process of selected groups of waste
Matematyczny opis procesu spalania wybranych grup odpadów
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, J.
Piecuch, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
proces spalania
odpady przemysłowe
tworzywa sztuczne
odpady gumowe
combustion process
industrial waste
plastics
Opis:
Industrial development and progress of civilization is a serious threat to the natural environment. Currently, the most important problem is the protection of the environment. Every year, around the world a continuous increase in the number of waste from various sectors of the economy and industry is observed. In many cases they are landfilled [9, 10]. Important place among industrial waste occupy plastic waste, waste tyres and waste from paint and lacquer industry [4, 9]. Utilization of these wastes has become a great problem, both because of their great amounts, as well as because of their landfilling because they often contain materials very harmful for the environment. The most popular method of utilization of waste is incineration. That process allows on one hand to get rid of large quantities of waste from landfills, giving some energy at the same time, but on the other hand, it is a serious threat for the environment because of toxic substances emitted into the environment. The most noxious byproducts of combustion are: CO, SO2, NOx [1, 5, 6].
W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań pozyskanych w trakcie prowadzenia eksperymentów laboratoryjnych z zakresu termicznej destrukcji różnych grup odpadów (komunalnych i przemysłowych). Do badań procesu spalania, wyodrębniono następujące odpady: odpady farbiarskie, odpady gumowe (zużyte opony), tworzywa sztuczne (politereftalan etylenu (etylenowy) PET, jako przedstawiciel grupy poliestrów, polichlorek winylu PCW, jako przedstawiciel grupy polimerów winylowych, polipropylen PP, jako przedstawiciel grupy poliolefin), osady ściekowe (pobrane z Oczyszczalni Ścieków "Jamno", która jest obiektem eksploatowanym przez Spółkę z o.o. Miejskie Wodociągi i Kanalizacja w Koszalinie). Ostatecznie, dysponując określonymi wynikami poszczególnych etapów badań laboratoryjnych, został opracowany opis matematyczno-empiryczny, tworzący kryterium określające warunki parametryczne spalania wybranych grup odpadów w odniesieniu do głównych składników zanieczyszczeń spalin wraz z podaniem zakresu stosowalności wyznaczonych równań aproksymacyjnych. Analizę związków pomiędzy przyjętymi w badaniach zmiennymi niezależnymi a zmienną zależną dokonano stosując aproksymację metodą punktu centralnego - metodą opracowaną przez prof. Tadeusza Piecucha. Stosowalność równań tworzących kryterium określono dla poszczególnych parametrów w przedziałach zmian ich wartości, przedstawionych w metodyce badań. Opis matematyczny empiryczno-analityczny układu może być poszerzany poprzez wprowadzenie nowych parametrów, powiększając zakres jego stosowania, a także umożliwiając prognozowanie wyników w przypadku innych grup odpadów lub węgla kamiennego jako paliwa klasycznego.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2011, Tom 13; 253-267
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The swirl ratio influence on combustion process and heat transfer in the opposed piston compression-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Tulwin, T.
Wendeker, M.
Czyż, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
opposed
two-stroke
combustion
heat
diesel
silnik dwusuwowy
spalanie
ciepło
Opis:
In order to maximise engine heat efficiency an engines charge flow must be properly designed -especially its swirl and tumble ratio. A two-stroke compression-ignition opposed piston engine reacts to engine swirl differently compared to a standard automotive engine with axially symmetric combustion chamber. In order to facilitate direct fuel injection, high-pressure injectors must be positioned from the side of combustion chamber. Depending on the combustion chamber geometry the swirling gases impact greatly how the injection stream is formed. If the deformation is too high the high temperature combustion gases can hit the piston surface or get into gaps between the pistons. This greatly affects the heat lost to the pistons and raises their local temperature. More atomised injection stream is more prone to swirling gas flow due to its reduced droplet size and momentum. The paper presents simulation results and analyses for different intake process induced swirl ratios and different types of combustion chambers in an experimental aviation opposed piston engine.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 3; 3-7
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Novel method appointing of the effective heat release coefficient during combustion process based on real indicator diagram
Autorzy:
Jankowski, A.
Ambrozik, A.
Jankowska-Sieminska, B.
Ślęzak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
working cycle
thermodynamics
indicator diagram
heat release
Opis:
An object of the paper is a novel method of effective heat release coefficient appointing during combustion process of the based on the real indicator diagram. The process quality of the heat release during process of combustion is evaluated by value of the effective heat release coefficient. Accepted assumptions at appointing effective coefficient of heat release refer to acceptable that thermodynamical parameters of the working charge according to points of the real indicator diagram and the computational diagram are such the same, the maximum pressure of real working cycle of the engine is equal to the pressure of the computational cycle, work of the working charge performed in period from point of closing of the inlet valve to point of the beginning of the exhaust process are for both considered working cycles equal, heat values of the carried to the real and computational cycle are such the same. The method of appointing of the self-ignition delay period is presented in the paper, using to this end intersection point of two graphs of temperature course of the working charge prepared for the first phase of combustion process. Other methods appointing characteristics is suggested in paper basing on the real indicator diagram. The graphic illustration of the preparing method of characteristics of the relative quantity of the heat release during combustion process is illustrated in paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 133-142
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the fuel injection pressure on the combustion process in a PFI boosted spark-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Merola, S. S.
Sementa, P.
Tornatore, C.
Vaglieco, B. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
PFI SI engine
boosting
fuel injection
fuel deposition
optical diagnostics
Opis:
In this paper, low-cost solutions were proposed to reduce the fuel consumption in a boosted port fuel injection spark ignition (PFI SI) engine, taking into account the engine performances and the pollutants emission. To this purpose, the optical characterization of the fuel injection and of the combustion process was carried out in a PFI SI engine. The experiments were performed on a partially transparent single-cylinder SI engine, equipped with a four-valve head and an external boost device. The intake manifold was optically accessible through three holes that allowed the introduction of an endoscope and of optical fibres. The standard injection condition planned by the engine manufacturer was investigated; it consisted in the fuel injection at 3.5 bar when the intake valves were closed. Moreover, the fuel injection with open intake valves was tested; 3.5 and 6.5 bar fuel pressures were studied for open and closed valves conditions. Optical techniques based on 2D-digital imaging were used to follow the fuel injection spray in the intake manifold and the flame propagation in the combustion chamber. The results of in-cylinder optical investigations were correlated with the engine performances and with the exhaust emissions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 341-349
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the fuel injection splitting on the combustion process in a PFI boosted spark-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Merola, S. S.
Sementa, P.
Tornatore, C.
Vaglieco, B. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
PFI SI engine
boosting
double injection strategies
fuel deposits
optical diagnostics
Opis:
Future stringent legislation on emissions in combination with the market request of an increase in engine efficiency and optimization poses a great challenge to the engine and components manufacturers. The technologies developed in the last years for Spark Ignition (SI) engines such as turbocharging and variable valve actuation are not able to totally satisfy the future normative. More progress still has to be made in terms of in-cylinder combustion process and efficiency. The aim of this paper is the optimisation of a boosted SI engine in terms of performances, fuel consumption and pollutants emissions with low costs. The experimental activity was carried out on a port fuel injection SI optical engine, equipped with a commercial four-valve head. Innovative injection strategies were tested: in particular, single and double injections were performed when the intake valves were open. Optical techniques based on 2D-digital imaging were used to follow the fuel injection in the intake manifold and simultaneously the flame propagation in the combustion chamber. Conventional measurements of engine parameters and exhaust emissions completed the experimental investigations. The tests demonstrated that the double injection strategies were characterized by higher combustion process efficiency than single injection on. The injection splitting resulted a suitable solution for the reduction in pollutants concentration in the combustion chamber and at the exhaust with a good compromise between performance and fuel consumption.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 331-339
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bilans energetyczny procesu spalania poużytkowych tworzyw polimerowych
Energy balance of combustion process of post-consumer polymeric plastics
Autorzy:
Kruszelnicka, W.
Bałdowska, P.
Flizikowski, J.
Tomporowski, A.
Kasner, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
polipropylen
efektywność energetyczna
zagospodarowanie poużytkowe tworzyw sztucznych
recykling energetyczny
polypropylene
energy efficiency
plastic waste recycling
energy recycling
Opis:
Praca miała na celu analizę i ocenę możliwości wykorzystania na cele energetyczne (spalenie) poużytkowego polipropylenu w oparciu o uniwersalny wskaźnik oceny efektywności energetycznej. Przeanalizowano użytki energetyczne oraz nakłady na ich uzyskanie dla rozpatrywanego materiału. Stwierdzono, że nakłady energetyczne na wytworzenie, transport, wykorzystanie i zagospodarowanie odpadów przewyższają korzyści energetyczne uzyskane w procesie spalania polipropylenu.
The aim of this work was to analyze and assess the possibilities of using post-consumer polypropylene for energy purposes (incineration) based on a universal indicator of energy efficiency assessment. Energy resources and inputs, necessary to obtain them for considered material, were analyzed. It was found that energy expenditure on the generation, transportation, use and management of waste exceed the energy benefits obtained in polypropylene combustion process.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2017, 6; 211-212
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Klasyfikacja stanu procesu spalania na podstawie analizy obrazu płomienia
Combustion process state classification based on flame image analysis
Autorzy:
Sawicki, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
płomień
spalanie
klasyfikacja obrazów
flame
combustion
image classification
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono porównanie wybranych metod klasyfikacji obrazów dla współspalania pyłu węglowego i biomasy. Zdefiniowano dwie klasy spalania: stabilne i niestabilne dla dziewięciu wariantów z różnymi parametrami mocy oraz stałą ilością biomasy. Wyniki badań pokazują, poprawną klasyfikację obrazów dla założonych wariantów. Najlepsze wyniki uzyskano dla klasyfikatora K-NN z parametrem K = 7.
This paper presents comparison image classification method of cofiring biomass and pulverized coal. Defined two class of combustion: stable and unstable for nine variants with different power value parameters and fixed amount biomass. Experimental results show that achieved correct classification of images for the assumed variants. The best results were obtained with K-NN classifier (parameter K = 7).
Źródło:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska; 2016, 4; 77-80
2083-0157
2391-6761
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie cech obrazu płomienia do oceny procesu spalania
Application of flame image features to assessment of combustion process
Autorzy:
Kotyra, A.
Wójcik, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/151665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
przetwarzanie obrazu
płomień
spalanie
image processing
flame
combustion
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono badania laboratoryjne, na podstawie których określono rodzaje płomieni towarzyszące różnym warunkom procesu spalania. Zmienianymi parametrami był rodzaj spalanego paliwa, wydatki pyłu węglowego oraz powietrza pierwotnego i wtórnego. W analizie uwzględniono niektóre parametry geometryczne opisujące kształt płomienia, takie jak pole obszaru płomienia, długość jego konturu i współrzędne środka ciężkości.
The paper presents flame characterisation using image processing. A laboratory combustion chamber and the methodology of investigations are described. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory stand equipped with a scaled down 1:10 swirl burner, while flows of the primary, secondary and tertiary air as well as coal were changed in order to produce different states of the combustion process. Flame images were captured by a monochrome CCD camera, mounted in an inspection opening as shown in Fig. 1a, b. During the combustion tests, four main types of flames were observed, namely: a flame corresponding to the combustion chamber warming-up phase using an auxiliary oil burner (Fig. 4a), a flame corresponding to the simultaneous operation of both main and auxiliary burner (Fig. 4b), a coal flame with instability caused by variability of the air/fuel ratio (Fig. 4c), and, finally, a flame that was typical for flame extinguishing (Fig. 4d). Since the flame was the only luminous object, determination of its area and edge was based on the pixel amplitude. Several shape parameters, such as the flame area, the flame area contour length as well as the coordinates of its gravity center were used for qualitative description of the flames under consideration. The presented analysis shows that the discussed flame shape features can be helpful for classification of various states of the combustion process and, thus, for avoiding the unstable conditions. It can result in improving the combustion efficiency and safety.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2009, R. 55, nr 2, 2; 117-120
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the parameters of pilot dose injection in a dual fuel diesel engine on the combustion process
Autorzy:
Wierzbicki, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engine
injection pressure
injector opening time
fuel injection advance angle
course of combustion
Opis:
The paper presents the effect of the main parameters of pilot dose ignition: injection pressure, injection advance angle and injector opening time on the combustion process in a dual fuel diesel engine. The study continues the research conducted at the Department of Mechatronics of the University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, on optimisation of dual fuel self-ignition engines with CNG as the main fuel dose. The results presented in the paper were obtained with a single-cylinder engine HATZ 1B40, adapted to methane combustion. The results presented in the paper show the recorded changes of pressure in the combustion chamber with a constant fuel pilot dose and different ignition advance angles. Scheme of fuelling and measurement systems, view of engine indicating system, average changes of pressure in the combustion chamber, average changes of pressure in the combustion chamber and average changes of pressure in the combustion chamber at dual fuel engine supply with diesel oil at varied pilot dose injection angle, effects of advance angle of the pilot dose injection on the maximum pressure of combustion, at various proportions of diesel oil and CNG, average changes of pressure in the combustion chamber at double-fuel engine fuelled with diesel oil and various shares of methane in the dose powering the engine, CNG consumption as a function of the advance angle of the pilot dose injection for various shares of the pilot dose are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 499-506
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kontrola stężenia NOx w procesie spalania gazu ziemnego
The control of NOx concentration in natural gas combustion process
Autorzy:
Poskart, A.
Zajemska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1208165.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego. Zakład Wydawniczy CHEMPRESS-SITPChem
Tematy:
tlenki azotu
spalanie
numeryczne modelowanie
CHEMKIN
nitric oxides
combustion
numerical modeling
Opis:
W artykule podjęto problematykę formowania tlenków azotu w procesie spalania gazu ziemnego przy zmiennej wartości stosunku nadmiaru powietrza i temperatury. Wymienione parametry odgrywają bowiem istotną rolę w powstawaniu NOx, o czym świadczą zaprezentowane wyniki badań oraz liczne publikacje. Kontrola tych parametrów pozwala ograniczyć ilość formowanych tlenków azotu. W ramach badań przeprowadzono eksperyment laboratoryjny oraz obliczenia numeryczne, mające na celu określenie wpływu stosunku nadmiaru powietrza i temperatury na udział NOx w spalinach. Pomiaru stężenia NOx dokonano w piecu elektryczno-gazowym za pomocą analizatora Testo 350. Przeprowadzono też symulacje komputerowe z wykorzystaniem programu CHEMKIN. Otrzymane wyniki badań doświadczalnych i modelowych przedstawiono graficznie oraz dokonano ich analizy porównawczej.
Article discusses the problem of nitrogen oxides formation during the natural gas combustion with variable excess air factor and temperature. These parameters play an important role in the NOx formation, as evidenced by present results of research and numerous publications. control of these parameters allows to limit the amount of formed nitrogen oxides. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of excess air factor and temperature on the part of NOx in the exhaust. Research consisted of conducting laboratory experiments and performing numerical calculations. NOx concentrations were measured in the electric- gas furnace using gas analyzer Testo 350. Furthermore, computer simulations were carried out using the program CHEMKIN. The obtained experimental and model results were presented graphically and there was made a comparative analysis.
Źródło:
Chemik; 2013, 67, 10; 848-855
0009-2886
Pojawia się w:
Chemik
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The evaluation of the regularity of the combustion process in the SI engine fueled with petrol and ethanol
Autorzy:
Stelmasiak, Z.
Pietras, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
ethyl alcohol
overall efficiency
engine smoothness
combustion pressure
indicated pressure
alkohol etylowy
sprawność ogólna
równomierna praca silnika
ciśnienie spalania
ciśnienie indykowane
Opis:
In the paper are presented results of a research work concerning automotive spark ignition engine fueled with ethyl alcohol. The research was performed on a Fiat 1100 MPI engine adapted to dual fuel feeding. Injection of ethyl alcohol was accomplished in area near inlet valve with use of original injectors, the same as used in case of gasoline feeding. The subject-matter of the study was to compare smoothness of engine operation fueled with alcohol in relation to parameters of the engine fueled traditionally with gasoline. There were analyzed combustion parameters calculated on the basis of recorded indicated diagrams of successive individual combustion cycles and averaged diagrams of successive 50 cycles. Performed investigations are pointing at smooth engine operation running on neat alcohol, and on improvement of performance parameters such as effective power and overall efficiency.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 1; 94-99
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie dodatków paliwowych w procesach spalania paliw stałych
The role of fuel additives in the fuel combustion process
Autorzy:
Chyc, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340490.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
paliwo stałe
dodatek paliwowy
spalanie paliwa
emisja spalin
sadza kominowa
solid fuel
fuel additives
fuel combustion
carbon black
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę składu chemicznego dodatków paliwowych. Racjonalne stosowanie modyfikatorów procesu spalania może znacząco przyczyniać się do poprawy parametrów jakościowych emitowanych spalin. W związku z tym dobór składu chemicznego dodatku paliwowego jest niezmiernie istotny. Zanieczyszczenie powietrza jest problemem globalnym, szczególnie odczuwalnym w krajach, gdzie węgiel jest głównym nośnikiem energii. Niska emisja zanieczyszczeń atmosferycznych przyczynia się do powstawania smogu, kwaśnych deszczy i opadów cząstek stałych na rozległych obszarach. Powoduje to zakłócenie naturalnej równowagi ekologicznej. Atmosfera uboga w tlen sprzyja powstawaniu sadzy, produktów smolistych i tlenku węgla. Opracowano wiele koncepcji dodatków paliwowych; do najpopularniejszych z nich należą związki miedzi i chlorek sodu. Dodatki paliwowe dają możliwość zmniejszenia uciążliwości spalania węgla, redukując ilość paliwa potrzebną do produkcji jednostkowej ilości energii. Z tego zakresu opatentowano wiele wynalazków dotyczących doboru odpowiedniego składu chemicznego modyfikatorów. Niniejszy artykuł wiąże zagadnienia z zakresu technologii spalania w odniesieniu do dodatków paliwowych oraz podstawowe zagadnienia dotyczące chemizmu reakcji syntezy chloropochodnych ksenobiotyków.
The study presents the profile of chemical composition of fuel additives. A rational use of combustion process modifiers can significantly improve quality parameters of fuel emissions, therefore it is crucial to properly match the chemical composition of fuel additive. Air pollution is a global issue, particularly oppressive in countries where coal is the main energy carrier. Low air pollutant emission contributes to smog creation, acid rains and particle falling over extensive areas, disturbing natural ecological balance. Low oxygen air is conducive to soot, tar products and carbon oxide production. Many concepts of fuel additives were developed, but the most popular are copper compounds and sodium chloride. Fuel additives provide for the decrease of coal combustion inconvenience by reducing the amount of fuel needed to produce an energy unit. Many inventions concerning the selection of suitable chemical composition of modifiers were patented. The present study discusses the issues of combustion process in relation to fuel additives and fundamental issues of chemism of synthesis of chlorine derivative xenobiotics.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2012, 1; 5-16
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of combustion process in a dual-fuel compression ignition engine fuelled with LPG in the liquid phase
Autorzy:
Luft, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
dual-fuel compression ignition engine
LPG
Opis:
Investigation on fuelling a dual-fuel compression ignition engine with various fuels, that are unconventional for this type of engine, was carried out for many years in the Department of Internal Combustion Engines and Automobiles in Technical University of Radom. Such fuels as methanol, ethanol and natural gas were applied in the investigation. Recently, the investigation regards application of LPG - a fuel that is very popular in Poland. Within the project No. 4T12D02226 of the Committee of Scientific Research, it was tested, among others, an engine equipped with injection system for diesel fuel pilot dose - a common rail type. As a result of the former investigation, load characteristics of specific energy consumption as well as CO, CO2, nox, HC and smoke emissions data were obtained [1]. In order to analyze variability of fundamental combustion process parameters, histories of the pressure inside combustion chamber have been registered during investigation. Investigation on changes of these parameters in the described engine version is particularly important due to possibility of knocking combustion occurrence that leads to the failure of such engine parts as piston or valves. Changes of these parameters versus engine load for various injection timing of diesel fuel pilot dose were analysed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 355-362
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of the gas ionization signal for combustion process diagnostics in the cylinder of a spark ignition engine
Autorzy:
Fiedkiewicz, Ł.
Pielecha, I.
Wisłocki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
gas engine
ionization sensor
pressure sensor
engine control
lean fuel mixture
silnik gazowy
czujnik jonizacji
czujnik ciśnienia
sterowanie silnika
Opis:
The running diagnostics of the combustion process in an internal combustion engine is essential for increasing its efficiency and to improving its performance indicators. The modern diagnostics of this process no longer concerns only measurements of fast-changing thermodynamic variables, but also measurements of other parameters allowing for its evaluation. The use of electrical or optical methods in diagnostics enables the evaluation of local process parameters, such as occurrence of the flame and its temperature distribution. Actually, there are some new methods under investigation which are proposed for this kind of diagnostic. This article focuses on demonstrating the potential for using an electric signal from the gas ionization to estimate the maximum combustion pressure in a cylinder of an SI engine. This is a comparative analysis of the gas ionization current signal in the cylinder and the fast-changing pressure at fixed operating points of a 4-stroke natural gas powered engine. The study was carried out on a one-cylinder 4-stroke SI engine equipped with a cylinder pressure recording system and monitoring of the cylinder ionization current using appropriate measuring systems. The influence of engine operating conditions on the ability to determine cylinder pressure based on the ionization current signal was analyzed. This impact assessment was analyzed statistically and a strong correlation was found between the analyzed signals. The obtained results point in the potential direction of development of this type of measuring system.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 4; 196-200
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sterowanie pracą kotłów węglowych z warstwą stałą
Control of the combustion process in fixed bed coal fired boilers
Autorzy:
Chabiński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
AXIS MEDIA
Tematy:
kocioł węglowy
sterowanie pracą kotła
algorytmy sterowania
warstwa stała
spaliny kotłowe
moc kotła
emisja zanieczyszczeń
coal boiler
boiler control
control algorithms
solid layer
exhaust gas boiler
power boiler
emissions
Opis:
Właściwe sterowanie pracą kotła opalanego węglem jest zadaniem stosunkowo trudnym, w porównaniu do procesu sterowania kotłami na paliwa płynne. Szczególnie trudne jest sterowanie pracą kotła pracującego na potrzeby ciepłownicze, wymagające częstych i znacznych zmian mocy cieplnej. Autorzy niniejszego artykułu postawili sobie za cel eksperymentalne przebadanie kilku algorytmów sterowania wykorzystujących sygnały pomiarowe z czujnika tlenu w spalinach, temperatury spalin oraz mocy kotła. Wpływ sposobu sterowania na sprawność oraz emisję zanieczyszczeń, badano w przypadku kotłów o mocy 25 kW oraz 1,4 MW.
Controlling combustion process in coal fired boilers is much more difficult than in liquid fueled units. It is even more difficult in boilers connected to central heating systems where heat output changes significantly during the working period. Authors of this paper examined possibility of using excess air ratio, temperature and heat out-put signals to control coal combustion process in 25 kW and 1,4 MW boiler. Influence of control algorithm on efficiency and emission was examined.
Źródło:
Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły; 2013, 9-10; 20-23
2082-9833
Pojawia się w:
Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical approach to modeling the combustion process in turbine engines fuelled by alternative aviation fuels containing various components/biocomponents
Autorzy:
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
diesel fuel
jet fuel
mathematical model
combustion process
olej napędowy
paliwo lotnicze
model matematyczny
proces spalania
Opis:
The aim of this paper is presentation of the possibility of combustion processes modelling so that to better describe the influence of fuels chemistry on fuels combustion. This is important for prediction the behaviour of different alternative fuels in processes in combustion chamber. Currently used mathematical models do not sufficiently take into account the influence of fuels chemical composition on combustion process. The idea of new mathematical model is proposed in this paper. The paper presents the main assumptions of this model and the results of its preliminary verification using MiniJetRig.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 4; 245-249
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shaping combustion process in SI engine by air injection
Kształtowanie procesu spalania w silniku ZI za pomocą strugi powietrza
Autorzy:
Kośmicki, T.
Rychter, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263345.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
metoda Jet Dispersed Combustion
proces spalania paliwa
zanieczyszczenie środowiska
Opis:
A number of methods was proposed during last decades for shaping the combustion process in SI piston engines [1, 2, 4, 10, 12]. All of them were developed aiming at the decrease of fuel consumption and the search for reduction of pollutant emissions. None of those methods however was effective enough to be widely applied and to stop the need for farther research in that direction. One of the methods recently was the attempt to influence the combustion process initiated by the conventional spark ignition with the air jet introduced in the combustion chamber from outside [11]. The method, known as the Jet Dispersed Combustion (JDC), was intensively investigated during recent years with the use of the model experimental set-ups (combustion bombs, single compression machines and single cylinder research engines) as well as the actual production car engine [3, 5-9]. The results of the studies have shown that the air injection to the combustion chamber after the combustion process was initiated has a potential to stimulate combustion and to utilize the heat released in a more efficient way. The JDC method allows for the intensification of the heat release process and increase by that the peak cycle pressure and the work of the cycle. The air injection can be used for shaping of the pressure profile increasing significantly magnitude of the cycle mean effective pressure, improving engine cycle-per-cycle variability and postively influencing the pollutant emissions.
W okresie ostatnich kilkunastu lat zaproponowano wiele metod kształtowania procesu spalania w silnikach tłokowych o zapłonie iskrowym [1, 2, 4, 10, 12]. Podstawowe cele tych działań to zmniejszenie zużycia paliwa ( wzrost sprawności cieplnej, w której tkwią stosunkowo duże rezerwy) oraz zmniejszenie emisji podstawowych składników toksycznych. Żadna z dotychczas przedstawionych metod nie okazała się jednak na tyle skuteczna, aby można było zastosować ją powszechnie i aby zniknęła potrzeba dalszych poszukiwań w tym kierunku. Jednym ze sposobów oddziaływania na zainicjowany wyładowaniem iskrowym proces spalania jest zastosowanie wtrysku wprowadzonej z zewnątrz do komory spalania strugi niepalnego gazu [11]. Metoda ta, opisana w niektórych źródłach pod nazwą Jet Dispersed Combustion (JDC), została w ciągu ostatnich kilku lat przebadana zarówno na urządzeniach modelowych, takich jak komora o stałej objętości, maszyna pojedynczego sprężu czy jednocylindrowy silnik badawczy, jak i na obiektach rzeczywistych, takich jak produkcyjny silnik samochodowy [3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. Badania wykazały, że wtrysk strugi niepalnego gazu, na przykład powietrza, jest skutecznym narzędziem kształtowania spalania i może przynieść rezultaty w postaci efektywniejszego wykorzystania ciepła potencjalnie zawartego w paliwie. W szczególności może przyspieszać cały proces wywiązywania ciepła, co zazwyczaj owocuje większą prędkością narastania ciśnienia oraz większą szczytową wartością ciśnienia spalania. W tłokowym silniku spalinowym o zapłonie iskrowym, za pomocą tej metody można wpływać na kształt wykresu indykatorowego, istotnie zwiększyć wartość średniego ciśnienia indykowanego, wpływać na twardość i równomierność biegu silnika, a także dość istotnie zmniejszyć koncentrację w spalinach podstawowych składników toksycznych.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 1999, 3; 99-119
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical model to study the combustion process and emissions in the Wartsila 6L 46 four-stroke marine engine
Autorzy:
Lamas, M. I.
Rodriguez, C. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259746.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
marine engine
emissions
combustion
CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics
Opis:
The aim of the present paper is to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to study the combustion process in a four-stroke marine diesel engine, the Wärtsilä 6L 46. The motivation comes from the importance of emissions from marine engines in the global emissions, particularly for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx). The pressure and temperature fields were obtained, as well as the exhaust gas composition. In order to validate this work, the numerical results were satisfactory compared with experimental ones, which indicates that this model is accurate enough to reproduce the fluid pattern inside the cylinder during the combustion process. Accordingly, the aim of future works is to use this numerical procedure to optimize the performance and reduce the emissions of the new marine engine designs.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2013, 2; 61-66
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emission results of combustion process of fatty acids distillation residue in an oil boiler – comparison to heavy fuel oil
Autorzy:
Wasielewski, Ryszard
Głód, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/118616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
distillation residues
fatty acid
combustion
oil boiler
emission
pollutants
atmosphere
Opis:
The results of the research on energy usage of the fatty acids distillation residue are presented. Distillation residue constitutes a material of biogenic origin, which is created only as a result of physical processing of animal fats without using additional chemicals. This material exhibits similar physicochemical properties as the heavy heating oil and may be its substitute. Industrial comparative tests of combusting of distillation residue and also of the heavy heating oil in an oil boiler were conducted. The research was conducted at the rated and minimum capacities of the boiler. It has been stated that combusting of the distillation residue of the fatty acids in a tested oil boiler does not bring about any technological difficulties. No threat of the elevated emission of pollutants into the atmosphere was exhibited. Installation of the boiler fulfill all emission standards required for combustion of the liquid fuels. Combustion of fatty acids distillation residue contributes to the reduction of the previous emission of pollutants from burning of the heavy fuel oil, significantly in scope of SO2.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2020, 29, 1; 62-71
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-50 z 283

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