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Tytuł:
Memory bias training by means of the emotional short-term memory task
Autorzy:
Paulewicz, Borysław
Blaut, Agata
Gronostaj, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430368.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
memory bias
mood congruent memory
depression
cognitive bias modification
Opis:
According to major cognitive theories of emotional disorders cognitive biases are partly responsible for their onset and maintenance. The direct test of this assumption is possible only if experimental method capable of altering a given form of cognitive bias is available. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel implicit memory bias training procedure based on the emotional version of the classical Sternberg’s short-term memory task with negative, neutral and positive words. 108 participants, who completed the PANAS and the CES-D questionnaires, were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 33), the No-Negative group (n = 36), in which the target words in the Sternberg’s task were either positive or neutral but never negative or the Negative-New group (n = 39) in which the negative target words in the modified Sternberg’s task were always new. This training was followed by the recollection stage. Only one of the training protocols resulted in significant effects at the recall stage - individuals in the No-Negative group recalled more positive words and fewer negative words than those in the control group. These results show that it may be possible to experimentally induce memory bias characteristic of non-depressed individuals.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 1; 122-126
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Bias of Mediatization: Utopia in Charlottesville
Autorzy:
Mlađenović, Nikola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
mediatization
neoliberalism
populism
bias of communication
Donald Trump
Opis:
The paper reconstructs Harold innis’ idea of media’s bias. It is argued that media construct a view of the future in line with temporalized Platonism that excludes people that belong to the past. The clash of statues and media in Charlottesville presented mediatization as a progressive but not dialectical force. Statues and media did not check each other’s biases. Media embody the confrontation of authority and publicity (Habermas) or the Enlightenment and Absolutism (Koselleck). After the neoliberal commercialization, the Enlightenment acquired the form of utopian future that confronts the media logic against conservative forces. The truth is constructed according to the prescribed future. Trump blamed all, in accordance with the Absolutist principle. Commercial media professionalism stood by its Enlightenment origins and accused Trump of revitalizing forces of the past. Because most citizens were against taking down the statues, commercialized media logic was less receiver steering than the public service media.
Źródło:
Mediatization Studies; 2019, 3
2451-1188
Pojawia się w:
Mediatization Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application Of Bias Randomization In Evaluation Of Measuring Instrument Capability
Autorzy:
Fotowicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
measurement uncertainty
bias randomization
measuring instrument capability
Opis:
The paper deals with the problem of bias randomization in evaluation of the measuring instrument capability. The bias plays a significant role in assessment of the measuring instrument quality. Because the measurement uncertainty is a comfortable parameter for evaluation in metrology, the bias may be treated as a component of the uncertainty associated with the measuring instrument. The basic method for calculation of the uncertainty in modern metrology is propagation of distributions. Any component of the uncertainty budget should be expressed as a distribution. Usually, in the case of a systematic effect being a bias, the rectangular distribution is assumed. In the paper an alternative randomization method using the Flatten-Gaussian distribution is proposed.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 4; 513-520
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Two methods to mitigate insar-based dems vegetation impenetrability bias
Autorzy:
Tulski, Sławomir
Bęcek, Kazimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2029253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
Tematy:
SRTM
vegetation bias
impenetrability
ICESat
GTHM
Opis:
Digital elevation models (DEM), including the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), are used in many branches of geoscience as an ultimate dataset representing our planet’s surface, making it possible to investigate processes that are shaping our world. The SRTM model exhibits elevation bias or systematic error over forests and vegetated areas due to the microwaves’ peculiar properties that penetrate the vegetation layer to a certain depth. Numerous investigations identified that the penetration depth depends on the forest density and height. In this contribution, two methods are proposed to remove the impact of the vegetation impenetrability effect. The first method is founded on the multiple regression of two forest characteristics, namely forest height and forest density. The second method uses a lookup table approach. The lookup table and the multiple regression explanatory variables are taken from the freely available datasets, including the forest density data (MODIS_VCF) and global tree height map (GTHM). An important role in this research is played by the Ice, Clouds, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) data. The accuracy tests indicate that the first method eliminates approximately 68% of the elevation bias, while the second method appears to be more effective, leading to almost complete removal of the vegetation bias from the SRTM data. The methods are fine-tuned to the local coniferous forests in Poland. Additional studies are required to finetune the methods for the leaf-off state of deciduous forests. However, a new set of parameters for both methods can be quickly developed for different locations and forest types. Both methods’ functionality and effectiveness can be improved once more accurate forest tree height and vegetation density data become available. These methods are universal in mitigating the vegetation bias from the Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) derived model and photogrammetric models.
Źródło:
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape; 2021, 2; 7-21
2300-1496
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Models for survey nonresponse and bias adjustment techniques
Autorzy:
Ayhan, H. Öztaş
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18105172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-13
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
response rate
nonresponse bias
nonresponse rate
sample survey
survey error
Opis:
Survey statisticians have been dealing with the issues of nonresponse in sample surveys for many years. Due to the complex nature of the mechanism, so far it has not been easy to find a general solution to this problem. In this paper, several aspects of this topic will be elaborated on: the survey unit nonresponse bias has been examined alternatively by taking response amounts which are fixed initially and also by taking the response amounts as random variables. An overview of the components of the bias due to nonresponse will be performed. Nonresponse bias components are illustrated for each alternative approach and the amount of bias was computed for each case.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2023, 24, 3; 139-149
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling a subregular bias in phonological learning with Recurrent Neural Networks
Autorzy:
Prickett, Brandon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
neural networks
learning bias
formal language theory
phonology
Opis:
A number of experiments have demonstrated what seems to be a bias in human phonological learning for patterns that are simpler according to Formal Language Theory (Finley and Badecker 2008; Lai 2015; Avcu 2018). This paper demonstrates that a sequence-to-sequence neural network (Sutskever et al. 2014), which has no such restriction explicitly built into its architecture, can successfully capture this bias. These results suggest that a bias for patterns that are simpler according to Formal Language Theory may not need to be explicitly incorporated into models of phonological learning.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2021, 9, 1; 67--96
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
BIAS REDUCTION IN KERNEL ESTIMATOR OF DENSITY FUNCTION IN BOUNDARY REGION
Autorzy:
Baszczyńska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453760.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
kernel estimator
density function
bias reduction
reflection method
Opis:
The properties of the classical kernel estimator of density function deteriorate when the support of density function is bounded. The use of classical form of kernel estimator causes the increase of the bias estimator, particularly in the so-called boundary region, close to end of support. It can also lead to undesirable situation where density function estimator has a different support than the density function. The paper presents selected bias reduction procedures, such as reflection method and its modification. An example is presented with an attempt to compare considered procedures.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2015, 16, 1; 7-16
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unawareness of Self-interest Bias in Moral Judgments of Others’ Behavior
Autorzy:
Bocian, Konrad
Wojciszke, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951959.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-interest
moral judgment
egotistic bias
Opis:
Previous studies (Bocian & Wojciszke, 2014) showed that self-interest biases moral perception of others’ unethical actions. Moreover, affective changes in attitudinal responses towards the perpetrator of an immoral act drives the bias. In the present studies, we attempted to answer the question whether people are aware of the self-interest bias in their judgments of others’ behavior. We conducted two experiments showing that moral judgments of verbally described and imagined actions were dominated by norms rather than self-interest (Study 1) and that people were not aware that self-interest distorted their moral judgment (Study 2). The unawareness of the self-interest bias among the participants was attributable to omission of their own emotional responses when forecasting their moral judgments. We discuss the importance of emotions presence in studies on moral judgments as well as contribution of the present research to the intuitionist approach to moral judgment.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 4; 411-417
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hypothetical bias and framing effect in the valuation of private consumer goods
Autorzy:
Brzozowicz, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1356848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-13
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
framing effect
hypothetical bias
laboratory experiment
Opis:
In a laboratory experiment, I examined two behavioural effects: hypothetical bias and the framing effect. I elicited willingness to pay (WTP) for a cosmetic product, and manipulated framing conditions (positive vs. negative attribute framing) and incentives to reveal the actual valuation (hypothetical vs. real). I demonstrated that hypothetical bias has a significant impact on WTP values; however, the framing effect has no effect on the valuation of the product. Similarly, I found no interaction between the two effects. This observation contributes to claims that hypothetical research methods lead to equally reliable data as those based on consequential choices.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2018, 5, 52; 260 - 269
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonresponse Bias in The Survey of Youth Understanding of Science and Technology in Bogotá
Autorzy:
Castellanos, Edgar Mauricio Bueno
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/466054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
Sampling design
nonresponse bias
calibration
Opis:
The Colombian Observatory of Science and Technology -OCyT- developed, in 2009, a survey about understanding of Science and Technology in students of high school in Bogotá, Colombia. The sampling design was stratified according to the nature of school (public or private). Two sources of unit nonresponse were detected. The first one corresponds to schools that did not allowed to collect information. The second source corresponds to students who did not assist during the days when survey was applied. Estimates were obtained through two different approaches. Results obtained in both cases do not show visible differences when estimating ratios; even though, some great differences were observed when estimating totals. Results obtained using the second approach are believed to be more reliable because of the methodology used to handle item nonresponse.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2012, 13, 1; 79-94
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Approximate bias for first-order autoregressive model with uniform innovations. Small sample case
Autorzy:
Nouali, Karima
Fellag, Hocine
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
autoregressive model
bias
outlier
uniform distribution
Opis:
The first-order autoregressive model with uniform innovations is considered. The approximate bias of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of the parameter is obtained. Also, a formula for the approximate bias is given when a single outlier occurs at a specified time with a known amplitude. Simulation procedures confirm that our formulas are suitable. A small sample case is considered only.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2002, 22, 1-2; 15-26
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cognitive effects of attentional training depend on attentional control
Autorzy:
Paulewicz, Borysław
Blaut, Agata
Kłosowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
attentional bias
anxiety
attentional control
cognitive bias modification
Opis:
Attentional bias is assumed to be partly responsible for the onset and maintenance of anxiety by major cognitive theories of emotional disorders. Although much is already known about the therapeutic effects of attentional bias training, only a few studies have examined the mechanism responsible for these effects. In order to test if low-level, cognitive effects of attentional bias training depend on attentional control, 73 participants, who completed the STAI-x2 and the ACS questionnaires, were randomly assigned to a control (n = 37) or attentional training group (n = 36). The attentional manipulation was followed by a search task, during which novel neutral or negative faces could be presented within an array of all-neutral, all-negative or all-positive faces. It was found that individuals with higher ACS score displayed stronger attentional training effects, i.e., they were less accurate in detecting distinctive negative faces, and this effect was not found to be associated with STAI-x2 score. These results show that there is individual variability even in immediate, cognitive effects of attentional bias modifi cation and that special abilities, such as attentional control, might be required for attentional training to be effi cient.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2012, 43, 4; 272-277
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Błąd perspektywy czasu a odpowiedzialność odszkodowawcza
Hindsight bias and liability for damages
Autorzy:
Zyzik, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531729.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-01
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej – Sekcja Polska IVR
Tematy:
błąd perspektywy czasu
błąd poznawczy
odpowiedzialność odszkodowawcza
psychologia poznawcza
prawo cywilne
filozofia prawa
hindsight bias
cognitive bias
liability for damages
cognitive psychology
civil law
legal philosophy
Opis:
Błąd perspektywy czasu jest jednym z błędów poznawczych, które ludzie popełniają w sposób systematyczny i przewidywalny. Istotą tego błędu jest niezdolność do prawidłowej oceny prawdopodobieństwa przeszłych zdarzeń. Nasza tendencja do ich przeceniania może prowadzić do niepokojących konsekwencji w ramach procedur prawnych, w których kwestie te są rozważane. W analizie skupimy się na ocenie jak błąd perspektywy czasu wpływa na sposób w jaki sędziowie stwierdzają istnienie winy w procedurze cywilnej. Co więcej, spróbujemy zidentyfikować konsekwencje moralnych, ekonomicznych i prawnych aspektów zanalizowanego teoretycznie błędu poznawczego.
Hindsight bias is one of the cognitive biases, which are biases that people make systematically and predictably. The essence of this bias is inability to correctly evaluate the probability of past events. Our tendency to overestimate it can lead to disturbing consequences in legal proceedings where such activities are on the agenda. In our analysis we will focus on assessing how the hindsight bias affects the way in which judges determine guilt in civil proceedings. Moreover, we will try to identify the consequences of moral, economic and legal aspects of theoretical analyzed cognitive error.
Źródło:
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej; 2015, 2(11); 131-141
2082-3304
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Towards explainable classifiers using the counterfactual approach : global explanations for discovering bias in data
Autorzy:
Mikołajczyk, Agnieszka
Grochowski, Michał
Kwasigroch, Arkadiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi. Polskie Towarzystwo Sieci Neuronowych
Tematy:
explainable classifiers
counterfactual approach
bias detection
Opis:
The paper proposes summarized attribution-based post-hoc explanations for the detection and identification of bias in data. A global explanation is proposed, and a step-by-step framework on how to detect and test bias is introduced. Since removing unwanted bias is often a complicated and tremendous task, it is automatically inserted, instead. Then, the bias is evaluated with the proposed counterfactual approach. The obtained results are validated on a sample skin lesion dataset. Using the proposed method, a number of possible bias-causing artifacts are successfully identified and confirmed in dermoscopy images. In particular, it is confirmed that black frames have a strong influence on Convolutional Neural Network’s prediction: 22% of them changed the prediction from benign to malignant.
Źródło:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research; 2021, 11, 1; 51-67
2083-2567
2449-6499
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THROUGH THE (NOT SO) PINK GLASSES: GENDER BIAS IN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS
Autorzy:
GROCHALSKA, MONIKA
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/954188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
gender
informal learning
family
social representations
bias
adult learning
experience
intimate relationships
Opis:
This article was written as part of the project funded by the National Science Centre allocated on the basis of the decision no DEC-2011/01/D/HS6/02470. It shows how social representations of intimate relationships are shared among women and where  they are  rooted. According to Serge Moscovici, social representations are systems of values, ideas and practices, which allow people in groups to understand each other. Thus women have such a  system, which is created through their entire life within the process of informal learning. During this processes some gender bias is imposed. This bias becomes a part of social representations of intimate relationships and influences practices of „being-in-relationship”. Those practices often do not fit  life situations, contributing to the deterioration of  women’s quality of life . All these processes are analysed on the basis of data taken from focus group interviews (FGI) with women. During interviews women often referred to some shared meanings, which constitute their social representations. Finally, these interviews show, that close relationships are highly affected by gender bias, thus they are full of misunderstandings and internal conflicts. The findings highlight the role played by the social representations in women’s subjective experience of their intimate relationships.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2016, 7, 2; 158-179
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bias Reduction of Finite Population Imputation by Kernel Methods
Autorzy:
Pettersson, Nicklas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465881.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
bayesian bootstrap
boundary and nonresponse bias missing data
multiple imputation
Pólya urn models
real donor imputation
Opis:
Missing data is a nuisance in statistics. Real donor imputation can be used with item nonresponse. A pool of donor units with similar values on auxiliary variables is matched to each unit with missing values. The missing value is then replaced by a copy of the corresponding observed value from a randomly drawn donor. Such methods can to some extent protect against nonresponse bias. But bias also depends on the estimator and the nature of the data. We adopt techniques from kernel estimation to combat this bias. Motivated by Pólya urn sampling, we sequentially update the set of potential donors with units already imputed, and use multiple imputations via Bayesian bootstrap to account for imputation uncertainty. Simulations with a single auxiliary variable show that our imputation method performs almost as well as competing methods with linear data, but better when data is nonlinear, especially with large samples.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2013, 14, 1; 139-160
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interlocutors-Related and Hearer-Specific Causes of Misunderstanding: Processing Strategy, Confirmation Bias and Weak Vigilance
Autorzy:
Padilla Cruz, Manuel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
misunderstanding
processing strategy
confirmation bias
epistemic vigilance
hermeneutical vigilance
Opis:
Noises, similarities between words, slips of the tongue, ambiguities, wrong or false beliefs, lexical deficits, inappropriate inferences, cognitive overload, non-shared knowledge, topic organisation or focusing problems, among others, may cause misunderstanding. While some of these are structural factors, others pertain to the speaker or to both the speaker and the hearer. In addition to stable factors connected with the interlocutors’ communicative abilities, cultural knowledge or patterns of thinking, other less stable factors, such as their personal relationships, psychological states or actions motivated by physiological functions, may also result in communicative problems. This paper considers a series of further factors that may eventually lead to misunderstanding, and which solely pertain to the hearer: processing strategy, confirmation bias and weak vigilance.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2017, 15, 1; 11-36
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling of negative bias temperature instability
Autorzy:
Grasser, T.
Selberherr, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
reliability
negative bias temperature instability
modeling
simulation
hydrogen
silicon dioxide
defects
interface states
semiconductor device equations
Opis:
Negative bias temperature instability is regarded as one of the most important reliability concerns of highly scaled PMOS transistors. As a consequence of the continuous downscaling of semiconductor devices this issue has become even more important over the last couple of years due to the high electric fields in the oxide and the routine incorporation of nitrogen. During negative bias temperature stress a shift in important parameters of PMOS transistors, such as the threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, and mobility is observed. Modeling efforts date back to the reaction-diffusion model proposed by Jeppson and Svensson thirty years ago which has been continuously refined since then. Although the reaction-diffusion model is able to explain many experimentally observed characteristics, some microscopic details are still not well understood. Recently, various alternative explanations have been put forward, some of them extending, some of them contradicting the standard reaction-diffusion model. We review these explanations with a special focus on modeling issues.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2007, 2; 92-102
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stopień stronniczości polskich dzienników ogólnoinformacyjnych (wybrane wyznaczniki)
Degree of bias in polish general-information newspapers (selected determinants)
Autorzy:
Olechowska, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
media bias
media-party parallelism
polish general-information newspapers
Opis:
This article attempts to determine the degree of bias in Polish general-information newspapers (“Gazeta Polska Codziennie”, “Nasz Dziennik”, “Gazeta Wyborcza” and “Rzeczpospolita”), based on selected determinants. They include: thematic agenda, political pluralism and media coverage, degree of directives and persuasiveness of messages. The author used the method of content analysis of press, analysis method and synthesis method.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2017, 16; 107-130
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Uncertainty of Phase Difference Determination in Presence of Bias
Autorzy:
Saranovac, L. V.
Vučijak, N. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221324.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sinusoidal electrical signals
phase difference
bias
uncertainty of measurement
MSAL algorithm
Opis:
Determination of the phase difference between two sinusoidal signals with noise components using samples of these signals is of interest in many measurement systems. The samples of signals are processed by one of many algorithms, such as 7PSF, UQDE and MSAL, to determine the phase difference. The phase difference result must be accompanied with estimation of the measurement uncertainty. The following issues are covered in this paper: the MSAL algorithm background, the ways of treating the bias influence on the phase difference result, comparison of results obtained by applying MSAL and the other mentioned algorithms to the same real signal samples, and evaluation of the uncertainty of the phase difference.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2016, 23, 4; 603-614
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Media Political Bias: In Search of Conceptualization
Medialna stronniczość polityczna: w poszukiwaniu konceptualizacji
Autorzy:
Klepka, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1936838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
media
political bias
media content
objectivism
framing
stronniczość polityczna
zawartość mediów
obiektywizm
Opis:
The manner in which the media presents its recipients with political content has a strong impact on knowledge, attitudes, opinions and electoral behavior. The content of the media cannot be a full reflection of political reality, but the way in which the reality presents it may be closer or more distant from the idea of objectivity and neutrality. The category describing the scale of deviation from the idea of a balanced presentation of content is the media political bias. The aim of this article is to present this concept and determine the specific features of media political bias, its main determinants, elements of the media which make us deal with biased content, and the relationship between the concept of media political bias and other selected theoretical concepts regarding media.
Sposób, w jaki media prezentują swoim odbiorcom treści o charakterze politycznym, ma silny wpływ na wiedzę, postawy, opinie oraz zachowania wyborcze. Zawartość mediów nie może stanowić pełnego odzwierciedlenia rzeczywistości politycznej, jednak sposób, w jaki rzeczywistość tę prezentuje, może być bliższy lub dalszy od idei obiektywizmu i neutralności. Kategorią opisującą skalę odchylenia od idei zbalansowanej prezentacji treści jest medialna stronniczość polityczna. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przybliżenie tej koncepcji oraz określenie specyficznych cech medialnej stronniczości politycznej, jej głównych uwarunkowań, elementów przekazu medialnego, które sprawiają, że mamy do czynienia z treścią o charakterze stronniczym, a także związku między koncepcją medialnej stronniczości politycznej a innymi wybranymi koncepcjami teoretycznymi dotyczącymi mediów.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2019, 64; 155-168
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of impulse bias potential to formation of wear-proof coating deposited from plasma fluxes
Autorzy:
Breus, A.
Pavlenko, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
plasma deposition
nanostructured coating
impulse bias
pokrycie plazmowe
powłoka nanostrukturalna
Opis:
Plasma-based technology is used to deposit a wear-proof nanostructured coating on plunger tappets of pump of aviation oil system block, which allows increasing the life of the parts up to 3–5 times. For the nanostructured coatings, which are formed at the impulse bias supply, the electric field strength is 103 -104 times greater than for the microstructured coatings. It results in significant change of activation energy of the process of strong bond formation in the growing coating, which makes it possible to obtain high qualitative characteristics of the coating.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2016, 92; 17-22
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A feedback weighted fusion algorithm with dynamic sensor bias correction for gyroscope array
Autorzy:
Yuan, Ding
Qin, Yongyuan
Shen, Xiaowei
Wu, Zongwei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1848956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
inertial sensor
gyroscope array
weighted fusion
bias correction
Opis:
Low-cost Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) gyroscopes are known to have a smaller size, lower weight, and less power consumption than their more technologically advanced counterparts. However, current low-grade MEMS gyroscopes have poor performance and cannot compete with quality sensors in high accuracy navigational and guidance applications. The main focus of this paper is to investigate performance improvements by fusing multiple homogeneous MEMS gyroscopes. These gyros are transformed into a virtual gyro using a feedback weighted fusion algorithm with dynamic sensor bias correction. The gyroscope array combines eight homogeneous gyroscope units on each axis and divides them into two layers of differential configuration. The algorithm uses the gyroscope array estimation value to remove the gyroscope bias and then correct the gyroscope array measurement value. Then the gyroscope variance is recalculated in real time according to the revised measurement value and the weighted coefficients and state estimation of each gyroscope are deduced according to the least square principle. The simulations and experiments showed that the proposed algorithm could further reduce the drift and improve the overall accuracy beyond the performance limitations of individual gyroscopes. The maximum cumulative angle error was -2.09 degrees after 2000 seconds in the static test, and the standard deviation (STD) of the output fusion value of the proposed algorithm was 0.006 degrees/s in the dynamic test, which was only 1.7% of the STD value of an individual gyroscope.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2021, 28, 1; 161-179
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multiplicative method for reduction of bias in indirect digital measurement result
Autorzy:
Muravyov, S. V.
Zlygosteva, G. V.
Borikov, V. N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bias
error reduction technique
shunt ohmic resistance
indirect measurement
Opis:
The error reduction technique, based on inverse transformation, for a shunt active resistance measurement using an ammeter and voltmeter is considered. When computing a corrected reading only multiplicative operations on two measurement results are used, namely squaring and division. The proposed method allows to increase resistance measurement accuracy by about two orders of magnitude what has been validated by both theoretical and experimental outcomes.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 3; 481-489
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of bias of modal parameter estimators
Analiza obciążeń estymatorów parametrów modalnych
Autorzy:
Berczyński, S.
Chmielewski, K.
Chodźko, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
analiza modalna
estymacja
obciążenie estymatora
modal analysis
estimation
bias of estimator
Opis:
This paper presents an analysis based on a mathematical model of a bias in modal parameter estimators of a machine tool. The analytically determined amplitude-frequency characteristics were disturbed by random noise. The modal parameter estimation process was based on individual characteristics, followed by the determination of a bias in those parameters.
W pracy prowadzono analizę obciążenia estymatorów parametrów modalnych na przykładzie modelu matematycznego obrabiarki. Wyznaczone analitycznie charakterystyki amplitudowo-częstotliwościowe zakłócono szumem losowym. Dokonano estymacji parametrów modalnych na podstawie poszczególnych charakterystyk. Określono stopień ich obciążenia.
Źródło:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology; 2012, 36, 3; 19-27
0137-4478
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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