Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

5G technologies in intelligent transport systems - architectures, virtualization and network slicing

Autorzy:

Gajewski, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393393.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu

Tematy:

5G
network slicing
ITS
5G architecture
krojenie sieci
architektura 5G

Opis:

In the paper, 5G communication technologies implemented for Intelligent Transport Systems are discussed. Firstly, the essence of the 5G system concept is presented, and the problem of network functions virtualization (NFV) is analyzed. Moreover, the principle of virtualization is explained. Secondly, the analysis of network slicing is performed, from the point of view of transport systems implementation in the future 5G networks. The important part is the analysis of architecture proposals for the 5G communications system, implemented as ITS, for various scenarios of its work. The aim of this paper is the study on practice architecture of the 5G communication network for the ITS system, introduced as physical radio-informatics system implementation.

Źródło:

Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2019, 12, 1; 9-16
1899-8208

Pojawia się w:

Archives of Transport System Telematics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Instytut Łączności wobec wyzwań związanych z wdrażaniem sieci 5G w Polsce
The National Institute of Telecommunications in the face of challenges for the implementation of 5G networks in Poland

Autorzy:

Krawiec, P.
Mongay Batalla, J.
Gajewski, M.
Sienkiewicz, K.
Wiśniewski, P.
Latoszek, W.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/317352.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
eMBB
sieci mobilne
wdrożenie 5G
5G deployment
mobile networks

Opis:

W artykule zaprezentowano korzyści gospodarcze płynące z wdrożenia nowej generacji sieci mobilnych, tzw. sieci 5G, oraz omówiono wynikające z nich efekty społeczne, w tym spodziewany wpływ na rozwój społeczeństwa informacyjnego. Następnie przedstawiono wyzwania związane z wdrażaniem 5G w Polsce. W głównej mierze wynikają one z obecności barier o charakterze technicznym, ekonomicznym i prawnym, które mogą spowolnić proces wdrażania 5G w Polsce. W artykule przedstawiono również inicjatywy mające na celu identyfikację barier wdrażania sieci 5G oraz potencjalne sposoby ich likwidacji. W tym kontekście przedstawiono działania Instytutu Łączności na rzecz wdrażania 5G w Polsce, w tym poprzez organizację prac w kierowanym przez Ministra Cyfryzacji Porozumieniu na rzecz Strategii „5G dla Polski” oraz uczestnictwo w projekcie 5G@PL realizowanym w ramach strategicznego programu badań naukowych i prac rozwojowych „Społeczny i gospodarczy rozwój Polski w warunkach globalizujących się rynków – Gospostrateg”.
This paper discusses the economic benefits experienced by implementation of new, the 5th generation of mobile network (5G), and associated social effects, including the expected impact of the 5G on the information society. In the light of the expected development of 5G system, the authors present challenges related to implementation of 5G in Poland. The challenges mainly derive from social, economic and legal barriers that have a negative impact on effective implementation of 5G in Poland. The article presents also initiatives for identifying and removing these barriers. In this context, the paper presents activities of the National Institute of Telecommunications (NIT) for the implementation of 5G in Poland, including the Agreement on the „5G for Poland” Strategy that is led by the Ministry of Digital Affairs and the work performed within the agreement is directed by NIT. Moreover, NIT participates in 5G@PL project under the strategic program of scientific research and development „Social and economic development of Poland in the context of globalization – Gospostrateg”.

Źródło:

Telekomunikacja i Techniki Informacyjne; 2018, 1-2; 38-52
1640-1549
1899-8933

Pojawia się w:

Telekomunikacja i Techniki Informacyjne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

Sieć 5G w perspektywie polskich zmian normatywnych
The 5G Network in the Perspective of Polish Normative Changes
Сеть 5G с точки зрения польских нормативных изменений

Autorzy:

Tomaszewska, Paula
Fila, Krzysztof

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930221.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-03-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

5G in Poland
5G technology
Huawei
technological competition
legal changes
5G в Польше
технология 5G
технологическая конкуренция
правовые изменения

Opis:

The article aims to diagnose the potential for introducing 5G in Poland and to review the legal changes that affect the dynamics of the Polish telecommunications market. The authors will try to answer the following questions: how is Poland responding to the USChinese competition for primacy over 5G technology? What is the technological dilemma of Poland’s security? What legal assumptions does Poland intend to adopt in relation to 5G technology? Does the Polish side demonstrate discriminatory actions against any leader in the field of 5G technology development? One of the conclusions of the article is the statement that 5G technology will require not only technical or business changes, but above all systemic and legal changes in the Polish social reality will be necessary. In the course of the research precedings the method of critical content analysis was chosen - in the area of political science research, as well as the formal and dogmatic method to penetrate the plane of the binding law. Hence, the combination of the two indicated methods should result in a multifaceted argument covering two research fields indicated in the title.
Статья направлена на диагностику потенциала внедрения 5G в Польше и обзор законодательных изменений, которые влияют на динамику польского телекоммуникационного рынка. Авторы пытаются ответить на следующие вопросы: как Польша реагирует на американо-китайское соревнование за первенство над технологией 5G? В чем состоит технологическая дилемма безопасности Польши? Какие правовые предписания Польша намеревается принять в отношении технологии 5G? Проявляет ли польская сторона дискриминационные действия в отношении лидера в развитии технологии 5G? Одним из выводов статьи является утверждение, что технология 5G будет нуждаться не только в технических или бизнес-изменениях, но, прежде всего, будут необходимы системные и правовые изменения в польской социальной действительности. В ходе исследования был использован метод критического контент-анализа - в области политологических исследований, а также формальный и догматический метод проникновения в плоскость обязательного права. Сочетание этих двух методов дает возможность многостороннего аргументирования, охватывающего две области исследования, указанные в заголовке.

Źródło:

Nowa Polityka Wschodnia; 2021, 1(28); 149-168
2084-3291

Pojawia się w:

Nowa Polityka Wschodnia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

Towards 5G — Cloud-based Radio Access Networks
W kierunku 5G — sieci dostępu radiowego w chmurze

Autorzy:

Gajewski, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/222586.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich

Tematy:

5G
phantom-cells
LTE-A
Cloud-RAN
virtual cells
komórki wirtualne
sieć dostępowa w chmurze

Opis:

In the paper a general concept of the 5G network architecture is presented as well as system requirements having impact on innovative solutions in the 5G network are highlighted. A major part of the paper is both presentation and discussion of the problem of Cloud Radio Access Network introduction for public networks in which the cell and resource virtualisation will be implemented. On the other hand, the problem of resource virtualization in the STRUGA system is discussed in which the C-RAN implementation is proposed for performance improvement.
W artykule omówiono ogólną architekturę sieci 5G oraz wymagania systemowe mające wpływ na stosowane w niej innowacyjne rozwiązania. Główną część stanowi prezentacja problematyki wdrażania sieci C-RAN w publicznych sieciach komórkowych, w których zostaną zaimplementowane metody wirtualizacji komórek oraz zasobów fizycznych. Przeanalizowano także problem wirtualizacji zasobów w systemie STRUGA, dla którego zaproponowano implementację sieci C-RAN w celu zwiększenia wydajności systemu.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej; 2017, R. 58 nr 3 (210), 3 (210); 33-41
0860-889X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

Naval use cases of 5G technology

Autorzy:

Zmysłowski, D.
Skokowski, P.
Malon, K.
Maślanka, K.
Kelner, J. M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201483.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny

Tematy:

wireless communications
military communications
5G
technological gaps
naval use cases
naval task force
coastal or harbour communications
amphibious communications

Opis:

Fifth-generation (5G) technology is currently developing in mobile networks. The civilian 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard is the basis for this implementation. Higher throughput, network capacity, user density, and lower latency are the main advantages offered by 5G over Long Term Evolution (LTE) and older standards. For this reason, these advantages are increasingly recognized in critical mission and military solutions. However, the 5G technology utilization in military equipment requires a deep analysis of the 3GPP standard, especially regarding technological gaps, security, and use cases. This is particularly important in using communication equipment during armed conflicts. Such equipment must be characterized by greater security and reliability than civilian equipment. Currently, work and analyses in this area are realized by the European Defence Agency (EDA), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Agency (NCIA), Allied Command Transformation (ACT), and NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO). In the Information Systems Technology (IST) Panel of the NATO STO, the research task group (RTG) "IST-187-RTG on 5G Technologies Application to NATO Operations" is working on this topic. This paper presents exemplary 5G use cases in the navy. We indicate potential advantages, problems, and technological gaps that should be solved before implementing 5G technology in naval systems.

Źródło:

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2023, 17, 3; 595--603
2083-6473
2083-6481

Pojawia się w:

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

Selected aspects of non-orthogonal multiple access for future wireless communications – for IoT

Autorzy:

Wysocki, Tadeusz A.
Flizikowski, Adam
Marciniak, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016292.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB

Tematy:

IoT networks
NOMA
5G

Opis:

This paper has provided an overview of selected IoT architectures, relevant requirements towards 5G (and beyond) systems as well as indication of NOMA techniques suitability as a multiple access technique and recent developments in the area of radio interface for IoT coexisting with 5G (and beyond) mobile networks. The authors assume that IoT networks in the future will be augmented with NOMA-capable sink-nodes (proxy or gateway) that can deliver aggregated data from multiple sensors for delivery to the cloud or other server. The main aim of this paper is to go beyond state of the art available nowadays and indicate directions for NOMA that make it even more attractive in combination with edge computing, cloud-RAN and especially AI/ML to improve future 6G networks.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe. Telekomunikacja i Elektronika / Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy w Bydgoszczy; 2020, 24; 45-65
1899-0088

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe. Telekomunikacja i Elektronika / Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy w Bydgoszczy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Prospects and QoS Requirements in 5G Networks

Autorzy:

Tikhvinskiy, V.
Bochechka, G.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307648.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
M2M
QoS
video services
virtualization

Opis:

In this article the requirements to some number of KPI that determine the quality of service (QoS) in 5G networks are formulated. The proposed QoS requirements are based on the analysis of functional requirements to 5G networks and traffic parameters for HD video and massive M2M services, which will be highly demanded in 2020. One of the 5G development paradigms is the network function virtualization (NFV) including cloud radio access and cloud core networks. The authors have proposed the concept of function blocks CQMF and CQCF to control and monitor QoS, which are implemented as part of the 5G network cloud infrastructure.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2015, 1; 23-26
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Sieć komórkowa 5G w wyścigu o dominację

Autorzy:

Kramarski, Ireneusz.

Powiązania:

Raport. Wojsko - Technika - Obronność 2019, nr 12, s. 4-14

Data publikacji:

2019

Tematy:

Bezpieczeństwo informacji
Systemy łączności i transmisji informacji
Sieć cyfrowa z integracją usług
Transmisja danych
Telefonia komórkowa
Internet
5G (technologia mobilna)
Artykuł z czasopisma fachowego
Artykuł z czasopisma wojskowego

Dostawca treści:

Bibliografia CBW

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

Towards 5G - Cloud-based Radio Access Networks

Autorzy:

Gajewski, Sławomir (telekomunikacja).

Powiązania:

Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Marynarki Wojennej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte 2017, nr 3, s. 33-41

Data publikacji:

2017

Tematy:

Przetwarzanie w chmurze
Telefonia komórkowa
Postęp techniczny
Artykuł problemowy
Artykuł z czasopisma naukowego
Artykuł z czasopisma wojskowego

Opis:

Rysunki.
Bibliografia na stronach 40-41.

Dostawca treści:

Bibliografia CBW

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Przewodnik technologiczny średniego remontu urządzenia 5G98

Data publikacji:

1985

Wydawca:

Warszawa : DWOPK

Tematy:

Sprzęt uzbrojenia i elektroniki remont poradnik technologiczny 1985 r. regulaminy i instrukcje

Dostawca treści:

Bibliografia CBW

/5

Książka

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

5G New Business Opportunities – New Business Models, Pricing, and Use Cases

Autorzy:

McCarthy-Ward, Peter
Valdar, Andy
Newstead, Stuart
Revell, Stuart

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839464.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G services
business challenges
infrastructure

Opis:

This paper addresses how network operators may gain a reasonable return on their investment into 5G infrastructure. It first considers the 5G mobile network costs structure then applies this to three typical use cases.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 2; 79-84
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

Energy Efficiency in 5G Communications – Conventional to Machine Learning Approaches

Autorzy:

Shahid, Muhammad Khalil
Debretsion, Filmon
Eyob, Aman
Ahmed, Irfan
Faisal, Tarig

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839308.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
energy efficiency
wireless networks

Opis:

Demand for wireless and mobile data is increasing along with development of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and extended reality (ER) applications. In order to handle ultra-high data exchange rates while offering low latency levels, fifth generation (5G) networks have been proposed. Energy efficiency is one of the key objectives of 5G networks. The notion is defined as the ratio of throughput and total power consumption, and is measured using the number of transmission bits per Joule. In this paper, we review state-of-the-art techniques ensuring good energy efficiency in 5G wireless networks. We cover the base-station on/off technique, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, small cells, coexistence of long term evolution (LTE) and 5G, signal processing algorithms, and the latest machine learning techniques. Finally, a comparison of a few recent research papers focusing on energy-efficient hybrid beamforming designs in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is presented. Results show that machine learningbased designs may replace best performing conventional techniques thanks to a reduced complexity machine learning encoder.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2020, 4; 1-9
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

MIMO Beam Selection in 5G Using Neural Networks

Autorzy:

Ruseckas, Julius
Molis, Gediminas
Bogucka, Hanna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055220.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

5G
context information
MIMO beam orientation
machine learning
neural networks

Opis:

In this paper, we consider cell-discovery problem in 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems using multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) beam-forming technique. Specifically, we aim at the proper beam selection method using context-awareness of the user-equipment to reduce latency in beam/cell identification. Due to high path-loss in mmWave systems, beam-forming technique is extensively used to increase Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). When seeking to increase user discovery distance, narrow beam must be formed. Thus, a number of possible beam orientations and consequently time needed for the discovery increases significantly when random scanning approach is used. The idea presented here is to reduce latency by employing artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) algorithms to guess the best beam orientation using context information from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), lidars and cameras, and use the knowledge to swiftly initiate communication with the base station. To this end, here, we propose a simple neural network to predict beam orientation from GNSS and lidar data. Results show that using only GNSS data one can get acceptable performance for practical applications. This finding can be useful for user devices with limited processing power.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 4; 693--698
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Centralized Spectrum Sharing and Coordination Between Terrestrial and Aerial Base Stations of 3GPP-Based 5G Networks

Autorzy:

Bechta, Kamil

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844695.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

5G
spectrum sharing
unmanned aerial vehicle

Opis:

The objective of this paper is to estimate performance of a new approach for spectrum sharing and coordination between terrestrial base stations (BS) and On-board radio access nodes (UxNB) carried by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). This approach employs an artificial intelligence (AI) based algorithm implemented in a centralized controller. According to the assessment based on the latest specifications of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) the newly defined Unmanned Aerial System Traffic Management (UTM) is feasible to implement and utilize an algorithm for dynamic and efficient distribution of available radio resources between all radio nodes involved in process of optimization. An example of proprietary algorithm has been described, which is based on the principles of Kohonen neural networks. The algorithm has been used in simulation scenario to illustrate the performance of the novel approach of centralized radio channels allocation between terrestrial BSs and UxNBs deployed in 3GPP-defined rural macro (RMa) environment. Simulation results indicate that at least 85% of simulated downlink (DL) transmissions are gaining additional channel bandwidth if presented algorithm is used for spectrum distribution between terrestrial BSs and UxNBs instead of baseline soft frequency re-use (SFR) approach.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 2; 301-308
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Szybciej i efektywniej : sieci 5G w zastosowaniach militarnych

Autorzy:

Dąbrowski, Marek.

Powiązania:

Nowa Technika Wojskowa 2021, nr 3, s. 46-51

Data publikacji:

2021

Tematy:

Systemy łączności i transmisji informacji
Sieci szerokopasmowe
Telefonia komórkowa
5G (technologia mobilna)
Działania (wojsk.)
Zastosowanie i wykorzystanie
Artykuł z czasopisma wojskowego
Artykuł z czasopisma fachowego

Opis:

Artykuł dotyczy wykorzystania sieci 5G w zastosowaniach militarnych. Autor przedstawia szereg zalet wprowadzenia tej sieci do sił zbrojnych. Są to m.in. przekazywanie dużej ilości danych w czasie rzeczywistym, znaczne zwiększenie szybkości systemów przekazujących dane, łączenie sieci lokalnych w jeden system, skuteczne zwalczanie broni hipersonicznej, treningi personelu wojskowego w wirtualnej rzeczywistości oraz wsparcie eksploatacji robotów. Autor przybliża parametry techniczne oraz cechy szczególne tej sieci. Przedstawia także prognozy dotyczące dalszego rozwoju sieci 5G oraz jej dostosowania do wymagań sił zbrojnych.

Dostawca treści:

Bibliografia CBW

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

Per Sub-band Tone Reservation Scheme for Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier Signal

Autorzy:

Mounira, Laabidi
Ridha, Bouallegue

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311943.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN

Tematy:

UFMC
PAPR
PSTR
Fifth generation (5G)

Opis:

Fifth generation (5G) applications like Internet of Things (IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Cognitive Radios (CR), Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Machine to Machine (M2M) communication put new demands on the network in terms of low latency, ultra-reliable communication and efficiency when transmitting very small bursts. One new contender that makes its appearance recently is the Universal Filtered Multi- Carrier (UFMC). UFMC is a potential candidate to meet the requirements of 5G upcoming applications. This related waveform encounters the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) issue arising from the usage of multi-carrier transmission. In this investigation, two PAPR reduction techniques, called Per Subband Tone Reservation (PSTR) scheme to alleviate PAPR in UFMC systems are suggested. The first one is a pre-filtering PSTR scheme that uses the least squares approximation (LSA) algorithm to calculate the optimization factor(μ) and the second one is a post-filtering method. The concept of this proposal lies on the use of peaks reductions Tone to carry the correctional signal that reduces the high peaks of each sub-band individually. To shed light on UFMC as a potential waveform for 5G upcoming application, a comparison with OFDM modulation is done.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 3; 545--552
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

The importance of 5G networks for railway transport development

Autorzy:

Załoga, Elżbieta
Stępień, Grzegorz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819181.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz

Tematy:

railway transport
digitalisation
5G network
service
passengers
accessibility

Opis:

Digitisation of transport is a tool for achieving the European Union’s political goals included in the Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe. For rail transport, digital innovation is required to increase its competitiveness. One of the tools of the digital transformation of railways is 5G networks, the fifth generation of wireless communication systems. The purpose of this article is to present the benefits of implementing 5G network for railway operators. Focus was placed on its innovative features, such as ultra-fast access to Internet services, very high connection reliability, and extremely low data transmission delays. Examples of new services for railway operators based on the capabilities of 5G networks were presented. This article describes the unique functions of the 5G network in which resources can be flexibly allocated depending on current traffic needs thanks to the network slicing function, e.g., for services of key importance to rail traffic and commercial services for other market segments. Roadmap proposals for transforming the current rail communication network infrastructure towards the target FRMCS system are presented. The analysis was based on source materials from Nokia Corporation, available literature, EU documents and regulations, as well as institutional studies of the railway sector.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2020, 63 (135); 29-35
1733-8670
2392-0378

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

Poland and the technological rivalry of great powers for leadership in 5G technology

Autorzy:

Tomaszewska, Paula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2120148.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-09-30

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Polska
5G
rivalry
China
United States
Huawei

Opis:

The subject of the article is to analyze how Poland reacts to the US-Chinese competition for primacy over 5G technology. The importance of 5G systems has acquired a geopolitical dimension. Poland also feels its technological security dilemma. The acceptance by the Polish authorities of Washington’s position on 5G was undoubtedly an element of the negotiations on increasing the size of the American contingent in Poland. There are indications that decisions on how to treat Huawei in our country will be made on the basis of strong allied ties. At one time Poland seemed to be balancing between US pressure and China, but now it has sided decisively on the American side. The question still remains open: will the Polish state be able to fully open itself to the transatlantic allied relationship to benefit from this cooperation?

Źródło:

Reality of Politics; 2022, 21; 122-136
2082-3959

Pojawia się w:

Reality of Politics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Security Verification in the Context of 5G Sensor Networks

Autorzy:

Remlein, Piotr
Stachowiak, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839340.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
automated symbolic analysis
Internet of Things
security protocols
sensor networks

Opis:

In order to develop reliable safety standards for 5G sensor networks (SN) and the Internet of Things, appropriate verification tools are needed, including those offering the ability to perform automated symbolic analysis process. The Tamarin prover is one of such software-based solutions. It allows to formally prove security protocols. This paper shows the modus operandi of the tool in question. Its application has been illustrated using an example of an exchange of messages between two agents, with asynchronous encryption. The scheme may be implemented, for instance, in the TLS/DTLS protocol to create a secure cryptographic key exchange mechanism. The aim of the publication is to demonstrate that automated symbolic analysis may be relied upon to model 5G sensor networks security protocols. Also, a use case in which the process of modeling the DTLS 1.2 handshake protocol enriched with the TCP SYN Cookies mechanism, used to preventing DoS attacks, is presented.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 2; 107-119
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

High Gain WAT Antenna for 38 GHz 5G Systems

Autorzy:

Przesmycki, Rafał
Bugaj, Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312942.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

microstrip antenna
high gain
5G wireless system

Opis:

The article presents a high gain WAT microstrip antenna designed for 5G communication systems operating in the 38 GHz band. The antenna concerned has a compact structure with dimensions of 5. 16× 5. 05 mm. Rogers RT5880 laminate with a dielectric coefficient of 2. 2 and a thickness of 0. 254 mm was used as its substrate. The antenna works at a center frequency of 38 GHz and is characterized by a low reflection coefficient of – 29 .11 dB, a high energy gain of 7. 61 dB and a wide operating band of 1 .21 GHz (3. 18%). The paper presents an analysis of the simulation results and measurements of the device’s electrical parameters and radiation patterns.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 4; 76--82
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

QoS Requirements as Factor of Trust to 5G Network

Autorzy:

Tikhvinskiy, V.
Bochechka, G.
Gryazev, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307988.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

network performance
network security
QoE
trusted network

Opis:

Trust to modern telecommunications networks plays an important role as a driver of technological and market success of any technology or telecommunication services. Most of the technological approaches to this problem are focused only on network security and do not include such a factor as the quality of service (QoS), which also plays an important role in the formation of trust both from the consumers and the regulator. The future 5G mobile technology will be the engine of development of telecommunications until 2020 and the formation of trust to the 5G networks is one of the main tasks for developers. The authors present the view on the trust to 5G networks in the plane of QoS requirements formation and QoS management. QoS requirements to 5 G networks were determined on the basis of three main business models of services: xMBB, M-MTC and U-MTC and the need to ensure user trust to networks. Infrastructure requirements for QoS control and spectrum management network entities which are based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) principles have been formed.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2016, 1; 3-8
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Interference in Multi-beam Antenna System of 5G Network

Autorzy:

Kelner, Jan M.
Ziółkowski, Cezary

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226986.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

systems and networks
interference
multi-elliptical propagation model
multi-beam antenna system
simulation studies
massive MIMO

Opis:

Massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and beamforming are key technologies, which significantly influence on increasing effectiveness of emerging fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems, especially mobile-cellular networks. In this case, the increasing effectiveness is understood mainly as the growth of network capacity resulting from better diversification of radio resources due to their spatial multiplexing in macro- and micro-cells. However, using the narrow beams in lieu of the hitherto used cell-sector brings occurring interference between the neighboring beams in the massive-MIMO antenna system, especially, when they utilize the same frequency channel. An analysis of this effect is the aim of this paper. In this case, it is based on simulation studies, where a multi-elliptical propagation model and standard 3GPP model are used. We present the impact of direction and width of the neighboring beams of 5G new radio gNodeB base station equipped with the multi-beam antenna system on the interference level between these beams. The simulations are carried out for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS conditions of a typical urban environment.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 1; 17-23
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Deep Learning-Powered Beamforming for 5G Massive MIMO Systems

Autorzy:

Bendjillali, Ridha Ilyas
Bendelhoum, Mohammed Sofiane
Tadjeddine, Ali Abderrazak
Kamline, Miloud

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312956.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
digital beamforming
hybrid beamforming
massive MIMO
ResNeSt

Opis:

In this study, a ResNeSt-based deep learning approach to beamforming for 5G massive multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems is presented. The ResNeSt-based deep learning method is harnessed to simplify and optimize the beamforming process, consequently improving performance and efficiency of 5G and beyond communication networks. A study of beamforming capabilities has revealed potential to maximize channel capacity while minimizing interference, thus eliminating inherent limitations of the traditional methods. The proposed model shows superior adaptability to dynamic channel conditions and outperforms traditional techniques across various interference scenarios.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 4; 38--45
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Spline-Extrapolation Method in Traffic Forecasting in 5G Networks

Autorzy:

Strelkovskaya, Irina
Solovskaya, Irina
Makoganiuk, Anastasiya

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309401.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

quality of service
self-similar traffic
spline functions
error of recovery

Opis:

This paper considers the problem of predicting self-similar traffic with a significant number of pulsations and the property of long-term dependence, using various spline functions. The research work focused on the process of modeling self-similar traffic handled in a mobile network. A splineextrapolation method based on various spline functions (linear, cubic and cubic B-splines) is proposed to predict selfsimilar traffic outside the period of time in which packet data transmission occurs. Extrapolation of traffic for short- and long-term forecasts is considered. Comparison of the results of the prediction of self-similar traffic using various spline functions has shown that the accuracy of the forecast can be improved through the use of cubic B-splines. The results allow to conclude that it is advisable to use spline extrapolation in predicting self-similar traffic, thereby recommending this method for use in practice in solving traffic prediction-related problems.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2019, 3; 8-16
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Political and Economic Contexts of Implementing 5G in Poland and in Selected European Countries

Autorzy:

Soler, Urszula

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839461.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G technology
cybersecurity
economy
Europe
mobile networks
telecommunications

Opis:

The technology race to achieve the position of an economic leader is a phenomenon that has been taking place all over the world. The 5G technology has become a vital component of this race over the recent years. The technical capabilities it offers and the role it may play in the economy have become the subject of political debate and are at the very core of the “war for technology” between two superpowers: China and the United States. The European Union is aware of the fact that the position Europe enjoys on the international arena depends, to a large extent, on how quickly European countries will develop and implement 5G. Are individual European member states capable of seamlessly implementing the assumptions of strategies and plans concerned with the development of 5th generation technologies? Will the security of 5G networks be ensured in Europe? These are just some of the issues that are analyzed in this article with their economic and political context taken into consideration. A broader perspective is presented, with primary focus on the global geopolitical situation and on the conflict between China and the United States. The study was conducted by relying on an in-depth analysis of strategic state documents, reports drawn up by institutions tasked with implementing and monitoring the development of 5G technology, as well as literature on the subject and online resources.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 2; 38-42
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

A CPW-fed Sigma-shaped MIMO Antenna for Ka Band and 5G Communication Applications

Autorzy:

Madhav, B. T. P.
Devi, G. J.
Lakshman, P.
Anilkumar, T.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309564.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
coplanar waveguide
Ka band
MIMO
satellite downlink

Opis:

This article presents a MIMO compact antenna measuring 45×45×1.6 mm, on the FR4 substrate, proposed for Ka band and 5G communication applications. The proposed design is suitable to overcome the issues connected with massive MIMO. It has four-sigma-shaped radiating elements and a c-shaped ground plane with coplanar waveguide feeding. Its compact dimensions suit it for most existing communications systems. The aerial operates in the 21–30 GHz range, which covers Ka and 5G communication bands. The proposed antenna exhibits the average efficiency of more than 76% within its operating band and gives a minimum signal to noise plus interference ratio. The presented antenna covers several services, such as Ka band satellite downlink applications and future 5G communication applications.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 4; 97-106
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

An Overview of Mobility Management Mechanisms and the Related Challenges in 5G Networks and Beyond

Autorzy:

Alkalsh, Mustafa Mohammed Hasan

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200735.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

B5G
beam switching
handover
HetNet
mobility management

Opis:

Ensuring a seamless connection with various types of mobile user equipment (UE) items is one of the more significant challenges facing different generations of wireless systems. However, enabling the high-band spectrum – such as the millimeter wave (mmWave) band – is also one of the important factors of 5G networks, as it enables them to deal with increasing demand and ensures high coverage. Therefore, the deployment of new (small) cells with a short range and operating within the mmWave band is required in order to assist the macro cells which are responsible for operating long-range radio connections. The deployment of small cells results in a new network structure, known as heterogeneous networks (HetNets). As a result, the number of passthrough cells using the handover (HO) process will be dramatically increased. Mobility management (MM) in such a massive network will become crucial, especially when it comes to mobile users traveling at very high speeds. Current MM solutions will be ineffective, as they will not be able to provide the required reliability, flexibility, and scalability.Thus, smart algorithms and techniques are required in future networks. Also, machine learning (ML) techniques are perfectly capable of supporting the latest 5G technologies that are expected to deliver high data rates to upcoming use cases and services, such as massive machine type communications (mMTC), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (uRLLC). This paper aims to review the MM approaches used in 5G HetNets and describes the deployment of AI mechanisms and techniques in ″connected mode″ MM schemes. Furthermore, this paper addresses the related challenges and suggests potential solutions for 5G networks and beyond.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 2; 53--62
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

“The 5G files” – the movement to combat the introduction of fifth generation telephony – radicalization around one issue or element

Autorzy:

Witkowski, Przemysław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/11207473.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-06-28

Wydawca:

Collegium Civitas

Tematy:

COVID-19
Plandemia
5G
Anti-Enlightenment
Conspiracy Theories

Opis:

The Enlightenment and its values, such as naturalism, rationalism, humanistic and cognitive optimism, faith in progress, criticism, empiricism, sensualism and utilitarianism, are coming under increasing fire from social and political movements. One strand of this attack is anti-science protest movements, for example against vaccination and fifth-generation telephony. This text is an attempt to consider whether anti-5G activity can be considered a politically radicalized movement, and if so, whether it is focused solely on one issue or part of a larger wave. The article shows the roots and content of conspiracy theories related to the fight against 5G, as well as the structure, goals, and activities of the Polish part of this movement.

Źródło:

The Virus of Radicalization; 123-158
9788366386334

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Propagation and Network Analysis for a Dipole Based Massive Mimo Antenna for 5G Base Stations

Autorzy:

Pushpa, Anita Jones Mary
Chrysolite, Samuelraj

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124749.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

5G antenna
massive MIMO
dipole array
maximum gain

Opis:

In today’s fast-paced world, where everyone/everything is moving towards an online platform, the need to provide high-speed data to all is inevitable. Hence, introducing the emerging 5G technology with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing integrated with massive MIMO technology is the need of the hour. A 640 port Massive MIMO (m-MIMO) antenna with high evenly spread gain and very low delay, along with a practically possible data rate operating in the mm waveband, is proposed for a 5G base station. The individual antenna element consists of a dipole (λ=0.5cm) designed to operate at 57GHz. Placing the cylindrical MIMO antenna array (8x20) facing the four directions forming the m-MIMO antenna (160x4) at the height of 3m from ground level for simulation. Achievement of a maximum gain of 23.14dBi (θ=90▫) and a minimum data rate of 1.44Gbps with -10dB bandwidth of 2.1GHz (256-QAM) approximately a distance of 478m from the 5G Base station. The m-MIMO structure gives an Envelope Correlation Coefficient of 0.015. The propagation analysis is carried out to substantiate the performance of the proposed system based on field strength and received power. Network Analysis for better reception performance is carried out by changing the antenna height placement, altering the down tilt of the antenna array, and sweeping the polarization angle of the antenna array.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 3; 511--517
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Observation of WiMAX Radio Parameters to Enhance Spectrum Utilization in Mixed Environment

Autorzy:

Kowalik, K.
Kliks, A.
Musznicki, B
Kołodziejski, M.
Kryszkiewicz, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307572.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G
bandwidth sharing
spectrum utilization
statistical characteristics
WiMAX

Opis:

It is believed that 5G networks will provide 1000 times more capacity than current solutions. One of the keys to achieve that goal is not only the utilization of additional radio bands, but also and foremost, the dynamic and efficient spectrum sharing. To successfully implement it such feature statistical observation and analysis of currently operational legacy systems are required. Comprehensive data on the signal parameters will allow then to determine and tune the approach to simultaneous bandwidth usage by existing and new systems. Therefore, to define and introduce the problem this paper presents a conceptual analysis of IEEE 802.16e based WiMAX network operating in the 3.6--3.8 GHz band on the eve of spectrum sharing introduction.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 1; 42-50
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Energy Efficiency Optimization by Spectral Efficiency Maximization in 5G Networks

Autorzy:

Krasniqi, B.
Rexha, B.
Maloku, B.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226636.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

energy efficiency
5G
radio resources
power allocation
optimization convexity

Opis:

Energy and spectral efficiency are the main challenges in 5th generation of mobile cellular networks. In this paper, we propose an optimization algorithm to optimize the energy efficiency by maximizing the spectral efficiency. Our simulation results show a significant increase in terms of spectral efficiency as well as energy efficiency whenever the mobile user is connected to a low power indoor base station. By applying the proposed algorithm, we show the network performance improvements up to 9 bit/s/Hz in spectral efficiency and 20 Gbit/Joule increase in energy efficiency for the mobile user served by the indoor base station rather than by the outdoor base station.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 4; 497-503
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

Legal Aspects of the Supply Chain Cybersecurity in the Context of 5G Technology

Autorzy:

Besiekierska, Agnieszka

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158265.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-12-15

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II

Tematy:

cybersecurity
supply chain
5G
high-risk suppiers
state security

Opis:

The 5G networks are considered to be crucial for the digital transformation of the economy and society and therefore will be subject to the regulations concerning the supply chain cybersecurity. Numerous European documents point out cyberthreats relating the supply chain and oblige the Member States to introduce laws enabling risks assessment of suppliers, which, in accordance with the EU Toolbox, should cover technical and non-technical factors such as dependence of the supplier from third countries. So far, Poland has not introduced regulations in this respect and provisions on recognition of high-risk suppliers to be implemented in the Act on national cybersecurity system are still in the draft phase. The key criterion for the risk assessment will be a threat to the national security, which is vague and may in the future be difficult for interpretation due to the specifics of the proceedings (limited right to participate in the proceedings, limited access to information). As the effects of the proceedings are far-reaching (the obligation to withdraw the products), they may potentially raise some concerns with regard to the freedom of economic activity. The new cutting-edge technologies such as 5G, as well as the need to ensure cybersecurity along with the on-going political polarization in the world will increase the amount of legal regulations relating to the supply chain cybersecurity.

Źródło:

Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 51, 4; 129-147
2545-384X

Pojawia się w:

Review of European and Comparative Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

The Most Suitable 5G Simulator Scenarios for Lab as a Service (LaaS) in Higher Education

Autorzy:

Putri, Hasanah
Novanana, Sinta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311951.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN

Tematy:

5G
software
LaaS
higher education laboratory
real network experience

Opis:

The 5G System is being developed and enhanced to provide unparalleled connectivity to connect everyone and everything, everywhere. 5G technology use cases depicts the prospects of 5G network model to revolutionize Industry and Education is not an exception . To catch up with the latest technology in the higher education environment there’s a need to have 5G Lab as a Service (LaaS) in education to simulate the real network experience. The software is the key to this generation as the virtualization, modularity and abstraction become more popular in the implementation and that the cloud computing is nowadays becoming the trend of technology. This paper presents a software selection between free5gc, magma and open5gs program. The 5G lab located in Jakarta Indonesia has the ability where in physical and virtual resources can be accessed and managed from any location in the world. Free5gc opensource software solution is the most suitable software which can be used as LaaS in Higher Education laboratory. With a LaaS, we can configuration, connection, and troubleshoot 5G infrastructure including radio access networks, core networks, and transportation networks.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 4; 639--644
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Characterization of Propagation Models at 5G Network and Effects of SAR on Human Brain

Autorzy:

Al-Aamri, Nawal
Nadir, Zia
Bait-Suwailam, Mohammed
Al-Lawati, Hassan

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074140.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

pathloss
prediction
5G
RMSE
CI model
ABG model
SAR

Opis:

Nowadays, the world is turning into technology, fast internet and high signal quality. To ensure high signal quality, the network planners have to predict the pathloss and signal strength of the transmitted signal at specific distances in the design stage. The aim of this research is to provide a generalized pathloss model to suit the urban area in Muscat Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman. The research covers 5G network pathloss in the Muttrah Business District (MBD) area. It includes Close In (CI) model and Alpha Beta Gamma (ABG) model with 3.45GHz. The results of 5G models were compared with real experimental data in MBD by calculating Root Mean Square Error RMSE. Other cells at MBD area were used for reverification. To validate the modified pathloss models of 5G, they were applied at different cells in Alkhoud area. Furthermore, this paper also deals the effect of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) on the human brain for ensuring safety due to close proximity to cell towers. The SAR values were calculated indirectly from the electric field strength of different antennas. Calculated results were compared with the international standards defined limits on the human brain.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 2; 343--349
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Analysis of C-shape Slotted MSPA for 5G Sub Band Applications on Three Different Substrates

Autorzy:

Nagaraju, P
Sachina, D.H
Khan, Imran
Kumaraswamy, H.V
Sudhindra, K. R.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200694.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

C-shape
RT Duroid
Taconic (TLC)
FR4
5G

Opis:

A comparative analysis of a compact planar Square patch Microstrip Multiband antenna on three different substrates is proposed. The proposed design has a C-shaped slot etched on the square radiating part and the antenna is energized using microstrip feed line. RT Duroid (ε r= 2.2), Taconic (ε r= 3.2) and FR4 (ε r= 4.4) substrates are used for simulation analysis. The flow of current is modified by the C-shaped slot making the antenna to resonate at 3/4 and 6 bands for RT Duroid/Taconic and FR4 substrates respectively suitable for 5G sub GHz applications. The antenna has a compact dimension of 32 × 32 × 1.6 mm 3 and exhibits a return loss, S11 of less than -10dB for all the resonating frequencies for all three substrates. The analysis has been done by considering the S11 (Return loss <-10 dB), Directivity, Antenna Gain, VSWR and surface current distribution. Table II provides the comparison of parameters for different substrate material.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 4; 715--719
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

Fading Channel Prediction for 5G and 6G Mobile Communication Systems

Autorzy:

Soszka, Maciej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055227.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

5G
6G
channel prediction
channel state information
sub-6 GHz
millimetre-wave
neural network
artificial intelligence
narrowband
wide band
ultra wide band

Opis:

Nowadays, there is a trend to employ adaptive solutions in mobile communication. The adaptive transmission systems seem to answer the need for highly reliable communication that serves high data rates. For efficient adaptive transmission, the future Channel State Information (CSI) has to be known. The various prediction methods can be applied to estimate the future CSI. However, each method has its bottlenecks. The task is even more challenging while considering the future 5G/6G communication where the employment of sub-6 GHz and millimetre waves (mmWaves) in narrow-band, wide-band and ultra-wide-band transmission is considered. Thus, author describes the differences between sub-6 GHz/mmWave and narrow-band/wide-band/ultra-wide-band channel prediction, provide a comprehensive overview of available prediction methods, discuss its performance and analyse the opportunity to use them in sub-6 GHz and mmWave systems. We select Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) as the most promising technique for future CSI prediction and propose optimising two of its parameters - the number of input features, which was not yet considered as an opportunity to improve the performance of CSI prediction, and the number of hidden layers.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 1; 153--160
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

Renewable energy electric sources as a support for multilevel cellular communication networks in various environment conditions : case study

Autorzy:

Cuiñas, Iñigo
Znajdek, Katarzyna
Sibiński, Maciej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204161.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich

Tematy:

5G
cellular networks
energy resources
mobile communication
solar energy

Opis:

Cellular mobile communication networks are experiencing an important evolution with the emerging deployment of 5G networks and the successive decline in the use of previous generations in the years to come. In parallel, policies promoting ecological transition are gaining social impact and economic interest and this seems to be the trend in the near future. In the telecommunications market, the shift between two dominant generations could be an important opportunity to introduce renewable energy sources to green the sector, reducing the carbon footprint of the world-wide extended activity. This work analyses the current situation and provides an insight into the possibilities to incorporate renewable energy supplies, specifically photovoltaics (as it seems to be the most promising among clean electric sources), perhaps combined with small wind turbines in off-grid systems. Paper also compares the characteristics of standard facilities in Spain and Poland, two different European countries in terms of weather and insolation hours.

Źródło:

Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 1; art. no. e3145436
1230-3402

Pojawia się w:

Opto-Electronics Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

A Study on Packet Scheduling Algorithms for Healthcare Contents over Fifth Generation (5G) Mobile Cellular Network

Autorzy:

Ramli, Huda Adibah Mohd

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844466.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

packet scheduling
5G
flexible frame structure
transmission reliability
scalable TTI

Opis:

This paper models the downlink Fifth Generation (5G) network that supports a flexible frame structure and a shorter Round-Trip Time (RTT) for Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ). Moreover, the design of the renowned Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) packet scheduling algorithms is revised to allow these algorithms to support packet scheduling in the downlink 5G. Simulation results demonstrate that the Proportional Fair provides a comparable performance to the delay–aware Maximum-Largest Weighted Delay First for simultaneously providing the desired transmission reliability of the Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) and Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non - GBR) healthcare contents whilst maximizing the downlink 5G performance.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 4; 729-735
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Uwarunkowania ekspozycji ludności na pole elektromagnetyczne związane z użytkowaniem radiokomunikacyjnych sieci w technologii 5G w Polsce
Conditionings of population exposure to electromagnetic fields associated with the rational use of 5G radiocommunication networks in Poland

Autorzy:

Bieńkowski, Paweł
Zmyślony, Marek
Karpowicz, Jolanta
Politański, Piotr
Bortkiewicz, Alicja
Kieliszek, Jarosław
Rydzyński, Konrad

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085819.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-03-30

Wydawca:

Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi

Tematy:

zdrowie publiczne
pole elektromagnetyczne
zdrowie środowiskowe
zagrożenia elektromagnetyczne
radiokomunikacja
sieci 5G
public health
electromagnetic fields
environmental health
electromagnetic hazards
radio-communication
5G networks

Opis:

W 2017 r. w Polsce rozpoczęto przygotowania do zapewnienia wszystkim obywatelom dostępu do internetu o prędkości co najmniej 30 Mb/s, a 50% gospodarstw domowych – o prędkości co najmniej 100 Mb/s. Cel ten ma być zrealizowany dzięki m.in. sieci radiokomunikacyjnej standardu piątej generacji (5G). W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z założeniami konstrukcji sieci 5G oraz oszacowano poziom ekspozycji ludności na pola elektromagnetyczne związane z racjonalnym użytkowaniem tych sieci. Przeanalizowano również, czy z technicznego punktu widzenia implementacja sieci 5G może zapewnić dotrzymanie obecnie dopuszczalnego w Polsce poziomu natężenia pola elektrycznego (7 V/m), przy jednoczesnym uwzględnieniu występującego obecnie w środowisku narażenia powodowanego przez anteny stacji bazowych telefonii komórkowej. Jest to przyczynek do trwającej dyskusji nad koniecznością zmiany obowiązujących w Polsce wymagań ograniczających poziom ekspozycji ludności na pola elektromagnetyczne. Analiza teoretyczna ekspozycji środowiska na pole elektromagnetyczne emitowane przez systemy 5G, przeprowadzona na podstawie dostępnej dokumentacji proponowanych standardów technicznych, pokazuje, że przy racjonalnym gospodarowaniu mocą uzyskanie oczekiwanej (zgodnej ze standardami 5G) jakości połączeń za pośrednictwem stacji bazowych zainstalowanych na zewnątrz budynków i wykorzystujących inteligentne systemy antenowe o sterowanych wiązkach będzie można utrzymać natężenie pola elektrycznego i gęstość mocy poniżej aktualnych wartości dopuszczalnych w miejscach dostępnych dla ludności (<7 V/m, <0,1 W/m2).
In 2017, preparations were made in Poland to provide all citizens with access to the Internet at a speed of at least 30 Mb/s, and at a speed of at least 100 Mb/s for 50% of households. This goal is to be realized, among others, by means of the fifth generation (5G) radio-communication networks. This work presents the assumptions of the 5G network structure and estimates of the level of population exposure toelectromagnetic fields related to their rational use. It was also analyzed whether, from the technical point of view, 5G networks could be implemented while respecting the currently acceptable level of electromagnetic field intensity in Poland (7 V/m), taking into account the current environmental exposure caused by antennas of cellular base stations. This is a contribution to the ongoing discussion on the need to change the requirements in Poland in order to limit the level of population exposure to electromagnetic fields. Based on the available documentation of the proposed technical standards, the theoretical analysis of environmental exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by 5G systems shows that, with rational power management, obtaining the expected (compatible with 5G standards) quality of connections via base stations installed outside of buildings and using intelligent antenna systems with controlled beams, it will be possible to maintain the electric field strength and power density below the current limit values in places accessible to the public (<7 V/m, <0.1 W/m2).

Źródło:

Medycyna Pracy; 2020, 71, 2; 245-253
0465-5893
2353-1339

Pojawia się w:

Medycyna Pracy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

Design and Analysis of a Low-profile Microstrip Antenna for 5G Applications using AI-based PSO Approach

Autorzy:

Kundu, Krishanu
Bhattacharya, Ankan
Mohammed, Firdous Hussain
Pathak, Narendra Nath

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200747.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G applications
high gain
low profile
microstrip patch antenna
PSO

Opis:

Microstrip antennas are high gain aerials for low-profile wireless applications working with frequencies over 100 MHz. This paper presents a study and design of a low cost slotted-type microstrip patch antenna that can be used in 5G millimeter wave applications. This research focuses on the effect of ground slots and patch slots which, in turn, affect different antenna parameters, such as return loss, VSWR, gain, radiation pattern, and axial ratio. The working frequency range varies from 24 to 28 GHz, thus falling within 5G specifications. A subset of artificial intelligence (AI) known as particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to approximatively solve issues involving maximization and minimization of numerical values, being highly challenging or even impossible to solve in a precise manner. Here, we have designed and analyzed a low-profile printed microstrip antenna for 5G applications using the AI-based PSO approach. The novelty of the research is mainly in the design approach, compactness of size and antenna applicability. The antenna was simulated with the use of HFSS simulation software.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 3; 68--73
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Ochrona zdrowia ludności przed zagrożeniami elektromagnetycznymi − wyzwania wynikające z planowanego w Polsce wdrożenia systemu radiokomunikacji standardu 5G
Protection of the population health from electromagnetic hazards − challenges resulting from the implementation of the 5G network planned in Poland

Autorzy:

Zmyślony, Marek
Bieńkowski, Paweł
Bortkiewicz, Alicja
Karpowicz, Jolanta
Kieliszek, Jarosław
Politański, Piotr
Rydzyński, Konrad

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085450.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-01-20

Wydawca:

Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi

Tematy:

pole elektromagnetyczne
zdrowie środowiskowe
radiokomunikacja
zasada ostrożności
ochrona środowiska
standard 5G
electromagnetic field
environmental health
radio communication
precautionary principle
environmental protection
5G networks

Opis:

Trwa dyskusja o zagrożeniach elektromagnetycznych w kontekście projektowania nowej technologii łączności bezprzewodowej piątej generacji – standardu 5G. Pojawiają się obawy o zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa i zdrowia wynikające z oddziaływania pola elektromagnetycznego (PEM) emitowanego przez projektowane urządzenia radionadawcze sieci 5G. W Polsce obowiązują wymagania ograniczające ekspozycję ludności na PEM powyżej częstotliwości 300 MHz do poziomu 7 V/m. Wynikają one z uwzględnienia działań ochronnych dotyczących nie tylko bezpośrednich zagrożeń termicznych, ale również zróżnicowanych zagrożeń pośrednich i długoterminowych. Wiele państw nie ustanowiło wymagań prawnych w tym zakresie częstotliwości lub wprowadziło je na podstawie rekomendacji dotyczącej jedynie ochrony przed bezpośrednimi zagrożeniami termicznymi (Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC), co odpowiada dopuszczalnym, zależnym od częstotliwości poziomom PEM rzędu 20–60 V/m. Niniejsza praca powstała w ramach interdyscyplinarnej współpracy inżynierów, biologów i lekarzy od lat związanych zawodowo z ochroną biosfery przed negatywnymi skutkami działania PEM. Przedstawiono w niej stan wiedzy na temat biologicznego i zdrowotnego działania PEM emitowanego przez urządzenia radionadawcze telefonii komórkowej (w tym planowanych do wykorzystania w sieci 5G fal milimetrowych) i na tym tle porównano zalecenia UE i obowiązujące w Polsce przepisy dotyczące ochrony ludności. Wyniki dotychczasowych badań nad biologicznym działaniem radiofalowego PEM emitowanego przez urządzenia nadawcze telefonii komórkowej o częstotliwościach do 6 GHz nie pozwalają na postawienie zdecydowanych wniosków, chociaż dowody naukowe uznano za wystarczające do zaklasyfikowania przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia takiego PEM jako czynnika środowiskowego potencjalnie rakotwórczego dla ludzi. Obecnie nie ma również adekwatnych danych naukowych pozwalających na ocenę skutków zdrowotnych ekspozycji na elektromagnetyczne fale milimetrowe, jakie planuje się wykorzystać w projektowanych urządzeniach nadawczych systemów 5G. Niemniej ze względu na to, że istnieją dane wskazujące na istnienie mechanizmów biofizycznych oddziaływania PEM mogących prowadzić do negatywnych skutków zdrowotnych, konieczne wydaje się stosowanie przy tworzeniu wymagań środowiskowych dotyczących budowy i użytkowania infrastruktury radionadawczej planowanego systemu 5G zasady ostrożności i zasady ALARA.
There is an ongoing discussion about electromagnetic hazards in the context of the new wireless communication technology – the fifth generation (5G) standard. Concerns about safety and health hazards resulting from the influence of the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by the designed 5G antennas have been raised. In Poland, the level of the population’s exposure to EMF is limited to 7 V/m for frequencies above 300 MHz. This limitation results from taking into account the protective measures related not only to direct thermal hazards, but also to diversified indirect and long-term threats. Many countries have not established legal requirements in this frequency range, or they have introduced regulations based on recommendations regarding protection against direct thermal risks only (Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC). For such protection, the permissible levels of electric field intensity are 20–60 V/m (depending on the frequency). This work has been created through an interdisciplinary collaboration of engineers, biologists and doctors, who have been for many years professionally dealing with the protection of the biosphere against the negative effects of EMF. It presents the state of knowledge on the biological and health effects of the EMF emitted by mobile phone devices (including millimeter waves which are planned to be used in the 5G network). A comparison of the EU recommendations and the provisions on public protection being in force in Poland was made against this background. The results of research conducted to date on the biological effects of the EMF radiofrequency emitted by mobile telecommunication devices, operating with the frequencies up to 6 GHz, do not allow drawing any firm conclusions; however, the research evidence is strong enough for the World Health Organization to classify EMF as an environmental factor potentially carcinogenic to humans. At the moment, there is a shortage of adequate scientific data to assess the health effects of exposure to electromagnetic millimeter waves, which are planned to be used in the designed 5G devices. Nevertheless, due to the fact that there are data indicating the existence of biophysical mechanisms of the EMF influence that may lead to adverse health effects, it seems necessary to use the precautionary principle and the ALARA principle when creating environmental requirements for the construction and exploitation of the infrastructure of the planned 5G system.

Źródło:

Medycyna Pracy; 2020, 71, 1; 105-113
0465-5893
2353-1339

Pojawia się w:

Medycyna Pracy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Analysis of Latency-Aware Network Slicing in 5G Packet xHaul Networks

Autorzy:

Klinkowski, Mirosław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311921.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN

Tematy:

5G
radio access networks
packet-switched xHaul
latency-sensitive network
network slicing
traffic prioritization
network optimization

Opis:

Packet-switched xHaul networks are a scalable solution enabling convergent transport of diverse types of radio data flows, such as fronthaul / midhaul / backhaul (FH / MH / BH) flows, between remote sites and a central site (hub) in 5G radio access networks (RANs). Such networks can be realized using the cost-efficient Ethernet technology, which enhanced with time-sensitive networking (TSN) features allows for prioritized transmission of latency-sensitive fronthaul flows. Provisioning of multiple types of 5G services of different service requirements in a shared network, commonly referred to as network slicing, requires adequate handling of transported data flows in order to satisfy particular service / slice requirements. In this work, we investigate two traffic prioritization policies, namely, flowaware (FA) and latency-aware (LA), in a packet-switched xHaul network supporting slices of different latency requirements. We evaluate the effectiveness of the policies in a networkplanning case study, where virtualized radio processing resources allocated at the processing pool (PP) facilities, for two slices related to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) services, are subject to optimization. Using numerical experiments, we analyze PP cost savings from applying the LA policy (vs. FA) in various network scenarios. The savings in active PPs reach up to 40% − 60% in ring scenarios and 30% in a mesh network, whereas the gains in overall PP cost are up to 20% for the cost values assumed in the analysis.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 2; 335--340
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

Study on Metamaterial-based Bio-inspired Microstrip Antenna Array for 5G Enabled Mobile Health Technology

Autorzy:

Colaco, John
Cotta, Jillian

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055230.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

microstrip
antenna
bio-inspired
array
split-ring
resonators
metamaterial
5G

Opis:

5G is a fifth-generation wireless technology that enables extremely fast data transfers and massive connection capacity. Existing Mobile health technology requires more reliable connection power and data transfer rates. The purpose of this research is to design, analyse, and compare the performance of a bio-inspired lotus-shaped microstrip patch antenna array with two to three radiating elements. The proposed antenna utilizes proximity coupled indirect microstrip transmission line feeding technique operating in the 24 GHz-30 GHz frequency band. The results indicate that performance continues to improve as the number of radiating elements increases. Moreover, each radiating element is loaded with complementary and non-complementary split-ring resonators (SRRs). The performance of the proposed microstrip antenna array is then analysed and compared with and without split-ring resonators. The findings validate that the proposed bio-inspired metamaterial-based microstrip patch array antenna is more reliable and performs better than an antenna without SRRs.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 2; 201--207
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

Single Linkage Weighted Steepest Gradient Adaboost Cluster-Based D2D in 5G Networks

Autorzy:

Varadala, Sridhar
Roslin, S. Emalda

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200959.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

5G networks
D2D communication
Minkowski single linkage clustering

Opis:

Efficiency of data transmissions with minimum latency levels and better resource utilization is a challenging issue in 5 G device-to-device (D 2D) environments. A novel technique referred to as single linkage steepest gradient gentle AdaBoost cluster-based device (SLSGAC) is introduced to improve device-to-device communications with minimum latency. The proposed technique uses the ensemble clustering approach to group mobile devices by constructing a set of weak clusters, based on the Minkowski single linkage clustering technique. In the weak clustering process, residual energy, bandwidth and SINR are estimated, and mobile devices are grouped based on the Minkowski distance measure. Results of the weak clustering process are combined to provide the final ensemble’s clustering output by applying the steepest gradient function to minimize the error rate. For each cluster, a head is selected from among the group members to improve the data transmission rate and minimize latency. Simulations are conducted comparing the proposed technique with the existing methods based on such metrics as energy efficiency, data delivery ratio, packet loss rate, throughput and latency.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 1; 60--65
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Zipf Distribution Power AllocationAapproach for NOMA Systems

Autorzy:

Himeur, Hanane
Meriah, Sidi Mohammed
Derraz, Fouad

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311910.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN

Tematy:

NOMA
wireless networks
power domain
Zipf distribution law
5G networks

Opis:

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has received tremendous attention for the development of 5G and beyond wireless networks. Power-domain NOMA works on the concept of assigning varying power levels to users within the same frequency and time block. In this paper we propose a novel power allocation approach that uses the Zipf distribution law that satisfies the basic condition of a NOMA system. The Zipf PA is characterized by the simplicity and ease of implementation that allows to extend the capacity of the system to support a large number of users. The numerical results show that the system achieves high throughput and energy efficiency without any parameter optimization constraints as well as improved capacity by increasing the number of users compared to the NOMA system with existing power allocation techniques.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 3; 559--564
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

Design and Simulation of 2× 2Micro Strip Circular Patch Antenna Array at 28 GHz for 5G Mobile Station Application

Autorzy:

Hasan, Salim Abdullah
Ahmed, Abdulsattar Mohamed
Abdulqader, Mohanad Nawfal
Dawood, Younis Shareef

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200728.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

patch
5G
return loss
dielectric
array
divider
substrate
directivity
bandwidth

Opis:

This paper proposes the design and simulation of 2×2 circular patch antenna array working at 28 GHz by using four inset feed micro strip circular patch antennas to achieve beam forming with directivity around 13dB which is required to overcome part of high path loss challenge for high data rate mm-5G mobile station application. Four element 2x2 array consists of two 1x2 circular patch antenna arrays based on power divider and quarter wavelength transition lines as a matching circuit. The designed antenna array is simulated on RT/duroid 5880 dielectric substrate with properties of 0.5mm thickness, dielectric constant ε r =2.2, and tangent loss of 0.0009 by using Computer System Technology (CST) software. The performances in terms of return loss, 3D–radiation pattern is evaluated at 28 GHz frequency band. The design also includes the possibility of inserting four identical 2x2 antenna arrays at four edges of mobile station substrate to achieve broad space coverage by steering the beams of the mobile station arrays.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 4; 721--729
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

The Role of 5G Technology in Superpower Rivalry between the United States and China: An Offensive Realist Approach

Autorzy:

Gołota, Łukasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343157.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

modern technologies
economic development
digitization
5G
offensive realism
artificial intelligence

Opis:

The article aims to explain the importance of 5G technology in pursuing power and shaping the international competition between two superpowers: the USA and China. Accordingly, the research focus of this article is to explain how and why 5G technology is being used by China and the U.S. as a key instrument in their growing geopolitical rivalry. The study is framed within the theoretical approach of offensive realism. It is based on the primary assumption that superpowers like China and the United States tend to increase their power not only by expanding their armed forces and territorial conquests but also by using every possible opportunity to do so. The article researches two questions. What is the importance of 5G technology in the rivalry between China and the U.S.? How has the development of communication technologies influenced countries and their ability to shape the international environment? 5G technology is considered more than just the next generation of wireless connectivity, as it goes beyond traditional forms of use and addresses a new category of users. It is a structure intended to facilitate a new category of goods and services: smart cities, autonomous vehicles, automated factories, digital services, and robotization of decision-making processes.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2023, 4(52); 173-190
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Uplink NOMA Scheme for Wi-Fi Applications

Autorzy:

Ghazi, H. S.
Wesołowski, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226180.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

5G
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
NOMA
Successive Interference Cancellation
SIC

Opis:

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) with Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) is one of the promising techniques proposed for 5G systems. It allows multiple users with different channel coefficients to share the same (time/frequency) resources by allocating several levels of (power/code) to them. In this article, a design of a cooperative scheme for the uplink NOMA Wi-Fi transmission (according to IEEE 802.11 standards) is investigated. Various channel models are exploited to examine the system throughput. Convolutional coding in conformance to IEEE 802.11a/g is applied to evaluate the system performance. The simulation results have been addressed to give a clear picture of the performance of the investigated system.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 4; 481-485
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Robust Schemes to Enhance Energy Consumption Efficiency for Millimeter Wave-Based Microcellular Network in Congested Urban Environments

Autorzy:

Hindia, MHD Nour
Qamar, Faizan
Ojukwu, Henry
Hassan, Rosilah
Dimyati, Kaharudin

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844493.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

micro cell
energy
5G
millimeter wave
cell sectoring
smart antenna

Opis:

Future wireless communication networks will be largely characterized by small cell deployments, typically on the order of 200 meters of radius/cell, at most. Meanwhile, recent studies show that base stations (BS) account for about 80 to 95 % of the total network power. This simply implies that more energy will be consumed in the future wireless network since small cell means massive deployment of BS. This phenomenon makes energy-efficient (EE) control a central issue of critical consideration in the design of future wireless networks. This paper proposes and investigates (the performance of) two different energy-saving approaches namely, adaptive-sleep sectorization (AS), adaptive hybrid partitioning schemes (AH) for small cellular networks using smart antenna technique. We formulated a generic base-model for the above-mentioned schemes and applied the spatial Poisson process to reduce the system complexity and to improve flexibility in the beam angle reconfiguration of the adaptive antenna, also known as a smart antenna (SA). The SA uses the scalable algorithms to track active users in different segments/sectors of the microcell, making the proposed schemes capable of targeting specific users or groups of users in periods of sparse traffic, and capable of performing optimally when the network is highly congested. The capabilities of the proposed smart/adaptive antenna approaches can be easily adapted and integrated into the massive MIMO for future deployment. Rigorous numerical analysis at different orders of sectorization shows that among the proposed schemes, the AH strategy outperforms the AS in terms of energy saving by about 52 %. Generally, the proposed schemes have demonstrated the ability to significantly increase the power consumption efficiency of micro base stations for future generation cellular systems, over the traditional design methodologies.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 3; 417-424
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

V2X Communications for Platooning: Sensor Inaccuracy Aspects

Autorzy:

Sybis, Michał
Sroka, Paweł
Kryszkiewicz, Paweł

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309154.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Tematy:

context information database
sensor accuracy
V2X and 5G

Opis:

Platooning is a future approach to autonomous driving in which vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications play an important role. Tests performed in the past showed that a significant reduction in fuel consumption is possible when cars are traveling in a dense platoon formation. To increase the level of their awareness of the surrounding objects and to maintain a very short distance to the preceding vehicle, highly reliable on-board sensors are required. This paper discusses the impact of sensor inaccuracy on the performance and behavior of and autonomous vehicle platoon that makes use of wireless communications supported by context information from various databases and maps.

Źródło:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2020, 2; 78-85
1509-4553
1899-8852

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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