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Tytuł:
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy Investigations of the Interference Effects Caused by the Circular Pits on the Thermally Oxidized graphite Surface
Autorzy:
Klusek, Z.
Kalinowski, M. W.
Olejniczak, W.
Kobierski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1968772.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
33.60.Fy
61.16.Ch
71.20.-b
Opis:
The thermal oxidation of the graphite leads to the removal of monoatomic carbon layers from the surface and formation of circular pits on the exposed plane. Near the pit edges the scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements show a series of very narrow flat regions on the I/V characteristics. The observed I/V flat regions appear only when the characteristic is recorded very close to the pit edges. The appearance of tunneling current steps can be explained by the oscillating character of the local density of states near the pit edges. A simple quantum mechanical model in 2D based on boundary condition for an electron wave function is proposed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1998, 93, 2; 415-420
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biomedical Applications of Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence
Autorzy:
Kwiatek, W. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931695.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994-11
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
07.85.+n
87.59.-e
32.30.Rj
Opis:
Since the exact role of trace elements in living organisms is still not very well known, it is a need of a careful analysis and study on trace element distributions in various biomedical materials. The conventional techniques such as X-ray fluorescence, proton-induced X-ray emission, atomic absorption spectrophotometry do not always give precise determination, especially in microstructures areas. Since synchrotron radiation is very powerful and gives the opportunity to work with micro-beams the synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission technique has been recently developed. Due to many properties of synchrotron radiation it becomes a very useful tool in science. In this paper a characterization of different apparatus for a trace element analysis as well as several applications are described to show the usefulness of the synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1994, 86, 5; 695-703
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of the β Phase Flux Dissolution during Quasicrystal Formation
Autorzy:
Surowiec, M.
Bogdanowicz, W.
Sozańska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.10.Fq
61.44.Br
Opis:
This study focuses mainly on the verification of a peritectic reaction during the crystallization of quasicrystals. The β and λ phases apparently provide the necessary material for crystallization of the quasicrystalline ψ phase. We present results of an experimental visualization of the evolution of the flux dissolution process of the high temperature β phase. Solidified droplets of the β phase, formed primarily by the surface tension of the liquid within a bubble or a shrinkage, after crumbling during the flux dissolution may contribute to the quasicrystal formation process according to a peritectic reaction: $β_{c}$ + λ + L → ψ, where $β_{c}$ denotes the crumbled β phase immersed in the liquid.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 2; 594-596
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Misfit Dislocations Profiles in ZnSe/GaAs Structures by Raman Scattering
Autorzy:
Bała, W.
Drozdowski, M.
Kozielski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929718.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.30.Hv
Opis:
In this paper we present the Raman scattering measurements of the ZnSe epilayers grown on (001) GaAs substrate by molecular beam epitaxy method. We have studied dependence of the frequency shift of LO(ZnSe) mode in the Raman spectra vs. thickness of the ZnSe layer. The intensity of LO(ZnSe)/LO(GaAs) ratio vs. orientation angle α of the E vector of the exciting light on the ZnSe/GaAs interface relatively to the sample orientation is presented too.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1993, 84, 4; 689-692
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of the Band Bending in ZnSe-GaAs Heterojunctions by Raman Scattering
Autorzy:
Bała, W.
Drozdowski, M.
Kozielski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1879935.pdf
Data publikacji:
1991-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.30.Hv
61.70.Wp
Opis:
The band bending effect at the ZnSe-GaAs interface Was studied by means of Raman scattering induced by electric-field related to longitudinal-optical (LO) phonons. It has been shown that the variation of the band bending in GaAs can be modifled by changes in the electron concentration of ZnSe epilayer and the variation of the sample temperature.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1991, 79, 2-3; 225-228
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electromagnetic properties in nanostructured alloy Cu₇₀Co₃₀ obtained by a non-equilibrium method
Autorzy:
Laslouni, W.
Azzaz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1061641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
13.40.-f
Opis:
The Cu₇₀Co₃₀ alloy was developed by a non-equilibrium method of "mechanical alloying", from a mixture of copper powder and pure cobalt. The nanostructured alloy Cu-Co with grains with a size of about 12 nm, has different electromagnetic properties which are often superior to those of conventional solid alloy, because of the critical size effect. In this work we are interested in the electromagnetic properties of the synthesized material. Resistivity, eddy current and the magnetization evolution were studied. The frequencies selected for plotting the diagram vary from 100 Hz to 100 kHz. To satisfy the Weiss condition, the excitation field must be of the same order of magnitude as the field that characterizes the area of Weiss. For all prepared series, the evolution of the magnetization as a function of milling time was analyzed. The influence of milling time on the resistivity variation is shown.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 1; 112-114
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Detector System for Three-Dimensional Imaging in the Variable Pressure/Environmental SEM
Autorzy:
Słówko, W.
Krysztof, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
41.85.-p
52.80.Dy
Opis:
The authors developed a method of three-dimensional surface reconstruction, which takes advantage of the angular distribution of backscattered electron emission to obtain a digital map of surface elevations. Such quantitative information about the surface topography is obtained by digital processing of four input images acquired from four electron detectors. The method was adapted to environmental conditions by means of the vacuum-detector equipment applicable for a standard scanning electron microscopy. The main part of the equipment is the vacuum-detector head containing the intermediate vacuum chamber with a semiconductor backscattered electron detector inside. The detector captures a zenith backscattered electron fraction passing through the throttling aperture placed closely to the sample at the distance comparable to the aperture diameter (0.6 mm). The system was dedicated to the investigations of solid nonconductive samples at pressures < 10 hPa but it has already been supplemented with a gaseous directional backscattered electron detector which can work at a distance of a few mm to be safe for biological samples.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 5; 877-879
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Throttling Aperture as the Gaseous Secondary Electron Detector in the Variable Pressure/Environmental SEM
Autorzy:
Krysztof, M.
Słówko, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400459.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
41.85.-p
52.80.Dy
Opis:
The authors analysed the conditions of the secondary electron detection with the use of the lower throttling aperture as the electron collector positioned close to the sample, at the distance less, or comparable to the aperture opening. For computer simulations of electron flow under various gas conditions, the software combining the commercial programme SIMION 3D v. 7.0, enabling computations of charged particles trajectories in the electric and magnetic fields, combined with the Monte Carlo one written by the authors was used. The results of the simulations show that the gas amplification of the electron signal and the noise to signal ratio are suitable for imaging at working gas pressures exceeding 1 hPa (100 Pa). The upper limit of the pressure defined by the electron beam scattering by far exceeds 10 hPa and is a question of the accelerating voltage and vacuum units design. The detector unit combined also with the differential pumping system has been designed in the form of an attachment to the classic scanning electron microscopy and applied in the JSM840 (JEOL) microscope. The simulation results have been proved experimentally.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 5; 880-883
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dislocation Substructure Evolution during Hydrostatic Extrusion of Al-Mg-Si Alloy
Autorzy:
Chrominski, W.
Lewandowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402087.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.Bx
61.72.Ff
81.20.Hy
81.40.Ef
81.40.Lm
Opis:
Hydrostatic extrusion is a technique which allows to produce rods with ultrafine grains and unexpectedly enhanced mechanical properties caused by grain refinement. However, the mechanism of such a refinement is not fully understood at this stage. 6xxx aluminium alloys series are usually processed by extrusion. In this study, commercial 6082 aluminium alloy was extruded at ambient temperature in a cooled die in two stages to the true strain of ε =3.2. Such a processing results in a not fully refined microstructure which allows to study different stages of grain refinement. The texture, dislocation substructures and grain refinement were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The results revealed that two main texture components are present in the extruded rods - ⟨111⟩ fiber texture and ⟨001⟩ recrystallized grains. Transmission electron microscopy inspection revealed dislocation structures that can be associated with different stages of plastic deformation according to the low energy dislocation structures hypothesis proposed by Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 128, 4; 585-588
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Dual Reflector Antenna for Point-to-Point System Applications
Autorzy:
Olszewska, M.
Gwarek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1505251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
41.20.-q
Opis:
In this paper design and realization of a dual reflector antenna for receiving internet signal in the point-to-point system is presented. Three different configurations of dual reflector antenna have been considered to obtain the antenna operating in 5.2-5.8 GHz band and having small dimensions. The results of computer simulations and measurements are shown. The design was based on electromagnetic simulations using QW-V2D package (an axisymmetrical version of finite-difference time-domain software). In measurements the method with a reference antenna was used. Additional discussion about using the main reflector of smaller diameter and decreasing spillover radiation was performed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 119, 4; 558-562
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Observation of Interference Fringes in Bragg-Case Synchrotron Double-Crystal Images of Stacking Faults in Diamond
Autorzy:
Wierzchowski, W.
Moore, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920862.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.10.-i
61.70.-r
Opis:
Bragg-case synchrotron double-crystal images of stacking faults were studied in a slab prepared from a synthetic diamond of a good quality. The images of stacking faults in topographs taken on the tails of the rocking curve exhibited well pronounced interference fringes. The fringes were strongly dependent on the angular setting and they were less spaced further from the maximum. The experimental images were compared with those theoretically predicted from an application of plane-wave dynamical theory. A reasonably good correspondence between theoretical and experimental images was obtained. The theoretical images of stacking faults were dependent on the type of stacking fault, producing some difference in the first fringe.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1992, 82, 2; 185-191
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Images of Dislocations in Synchrotron Bragg-Case Section Topography of Diamond
Autorzy:
Wierzchowski, W.
Moore, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920864.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.10.-i
61.70.-r
Opis:
Bragg-case synchrotron section topographs were studied in parallel slabs cut from a synthetic diamond of a good quality. The topographs revealed the Pendellösung fringes and images of dislocations and other defects containing several fringe systems. The experiment provided the opportunity for studying of the theoretical dislocation images obtained by numerical integration of the Takagi-Taupin equations. A program employing a variable step of integration in the Bragg-case has been presented. The influence of the finite slit width and of the limited beam divergence on the theoretical images is also discussed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1992, 82, 2; 193-200
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structural and Optical Properties of Antimony-Containing Epitaxial Layers Grown on GaSb by MOCVD
Autorzy:
Wesołowski, M.
Strupiński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.15.Gh
81.05.Ea
68.55.A-
68.55.ag
68.55.J-
68.55.Nq
Opis:
Experimental results on MOCVD epitaxy of some antimonides on GaSb substrates are presented. Specific technological problems, which effect in narrow window of process parameters, were overcome and good quality of GaSb/GaSb, InGaSb/GaSb and InGaAsSb/GaSb layers was obtained. Structural, optical and electrical characterisation data are shown and discussed. Developed technology can state a ground work for realisation of antimonide-based optoelectronic devices.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 116, S; S-62-S-64
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exciton Absorption in GaN
Autorzy:
Sobol, M.
Bardyszewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1992207.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
71.35.-y
78.20.Bh
78.66.Fd
Opis:
The absorption coefficient of the wurtzite-type GaN is described in terms of three almost totally decoupled excitons A, B, C associated with split valence bands of Γ$\text{}_{9}$, Γ$\text{}_{7}$ and Γ$\text{}_{7}$ symmetries using a spherically symmetric approximation for the standard effective-mass Hamiltonian. The excitonic equations are solved within the subspace of optically active states of s-symmetry. The effects of crystal field and spin-orbit coupling are discussed. The results show that the spherical approximation is in perfect agreement with experimental findings.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1998, 94, 3; 534-538
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Remarks on Diffusion Model of Positron Reemission and/or Positron Surface Trapping
Autorzy:
Dębowska, M.
Świątkowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2007963.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
68.35.Wm
Opis:
The problem of a role of boundary conditions in a diffusion model of positron reemission is discussed. It was shown that a sink rate cannot change from zero up to infinity but has an upper limit equal to a half of a mean positron velocity. Some additional relations connected with this result are presented as well.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1999, 95, 4; 515-520
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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