Temat: consumption - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Comparison of mileage fuel consumption with the natural operation of the three different cycles
Autorzy:: Sitnik, L. J.
Magdziarz-Tokłowicz, M.
Walkowiak, Wł.
Wróbel, R.
Włostowski, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243579.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel consumption
mileage fuel consumption
resistance to motion
energy consumption of traffic
vehicle operation
SI engine
Opis:: In the automotive industry in the world continuously being sought universal driving cycle. The test should closely match the fuel consumption and emissions of toxins in the fumes of the test vehicle in its real operating conditions [4]. However, in the previously developed solid driving tests established velocity profiles differ significantly from actual driving conditions. The difference in fuel consumption, comparing the natural operation of the NEDC test reaches an average of 18%. The new version of the driving cycle should be more realistic to the everyday use of additional equipment and gadgets that are installed in modern vehicles [1]. The impact on fuel consumption by vehicles may be conditioned not only by its size and weight, but also by the geometry of the track motion, forces causing the motion and the forces acting on the car when driving on curved tracks. The vehicle encounters and overcomes all the forces that act on it while driving-resistance movement. In the energy intake through the vehicle runs in the motor changes at the expense of the energy of fuel consumed. The driving force performs work on a given stretch of road balancing (predominant) friction. On the basis of the calculated resistance movement and the energy consumption of the movement in the selected object was a comparison of the actual consumption of fuel in the vehicle with the ignition spark. Analysis was performed and found differences in three cycles: urban, extra-urban and combined.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 439-444
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Some aspects of validation of the fuel consumption measurement method
Autorzy:: Taubert, S.
Majerczyk, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244622.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel consumption
validation
Opis:: Currently produced diesel engines of different manufacturers, used for the same applications, have comparable specific fuel consumption. Therefore, the laboratories measuring fuel consumption, especially in comparative tests, require the use of more accurate methods of measurement. The Environmental Protection Centre of Motor Transport Institute has recently implemented the fuel consumption measurement method using KMA Mobile flow meter produced by AVL company. This device allows to carry out measurements by both volumetric and mass method, thanks to builtin device for measuring the fuel density. Due to some customers requirements the laboratory began with preparations for obtaining accreditation of the Polish Centre of Accreditation for the procedure of measuring fuel consumption by volumetric and mass method. One of the requirements of the Polish Centre for Accreditation is carrying out the validation of the new method. It can be done by comparing the results obtained with new method with the results of the method already validated. The validated method is described in the regulation. This is the carbon balance method described in UN-ECE Regulations No. 101. The calculation of fuel consumption according to this method is based on a measurement of pollutants emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (THC). This paper describes the fuel consumptions measuring procedure using two methods: mass method using a AVL KMA Mobile flow meter and carbon balance method using the AVL AMA i60 analyzers. To verify measurement results additionally there was fuel consumption measured with using a scale, as a difference of the external fuel tank mass change, from which the vehicle was fuelled during the tests
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 457-464
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Some aspect of theory of cumulated fuel consumption
Autorzy:: Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247685.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: vehicle
engine
fuel consumption
Opis:: A theory of cumulated fuel consumption in process ofvehicle operation is described. The method of creation the mathematical model and procedure of determination of model variables is shown. The mainfeatures of cumulated fuel consumption are painted attention. li is shown that the theory of cumulated fuel consumption can be use to description of the fuel consumption from beginning the exploitation of vehicles and also for the situation when the vehicle are in exploitation from any time and further fuel consumption are unknown. An example of utilisation of elaborated theory for assessment of operation of passenger car is also presented. It has been shown that applying the theory of cumulated fuel consumption, the course of such consumption can be accurately described also in this case. This proposal can be formulated in spite of making some simplifications. This is because the unknown value of the accumulated fuel before start the time of observation operation will be determined using the average (from the average) fuel consumption. This simplification greatly facilitates the flow of the calculations and it seems does not offend errors in the calculations. Method of determining the average is discussed in the article. It appears that such treatment may be justified by the fact that the mistake is, in principle, systematic error. Very high coefficients of mathematical model to fit the measured data are very interesting. Such regularity was observed during researches in buses transport [l], intercity buses, and the fleets of various vehicles (the results of researches are not yet published).The introduction of the theory of cumulated fuel consumption as one of the important parameters to assess the operation of the vehicle or vehicles may also be useful in exploitation researches. At present times the researches in which the vehicles are already in service and the engine control mops are tuned (chip tuning), are made. A good performance of these changes is often observed on chassis dyno but that is not properly sanctioned in natural exploitation. Experimentation with such issue is underway and will be the subject of future analysis (and publications).
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 447-453
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Methodology of forecasting and forecast of demand for energy carries by lorries in POland up to the year 2020 (Part II)
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Menes, E.
Waśkiewicz, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241669.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: lorries
energy consumption
forecast
Opis:: Discussed methodology of forecasting and forecast of demand for energy carriers have been presented in two parts. In first part has been given forecast of freight road transport volumes up to the year 2020. Estimated structure of the fleet in the initial period of the forecast. Variant forecast of the fleet size and its structure according to categories and age. In this part has been given forecast of demand for energy carriers by lorries. When forecasting the scale of demand for individual energy carriers by lorries in a given year, the following issues were taken into account: estimated numbers of vehicles registered according to categories and production periods, an estimated average consumption offuels per 100 km of mileage according to specified categories of vehicles and their production periods, estimated average annual mileages of vehicles according to categories and production periods. A drop in the use of petrol by lorries in Poland is expected to have taken place by the year 2020. The estimated forecast level amounts to 315-325 Gg. The use of petrol in 2020 would decrease to the level of 55-57% of the consumption in the initial period of the forecast. An estimated increase in the demand for diesel fuels by lorries is expected to take place in Poland in 2020 and it is envisaged to reach the level of 5848-7680 Gg, which compared to the consumption in the initial period of the forecast, would be tantamount to an increase dynamics of 170-223%. The demand for LPG fuels by lorries in 2020 should amount to 264-287 Gg, (an increase of 147-160% compared to the initial period of the forecast). The demand for CNG fuel by lorries in 2020 would reach 61-68 Gg.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 157-162
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Theory of cumulative fuel consumption by LPG powered cars
Autorzy:: Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243674.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel consumption
theory
applications
Opis:: Theory of cumulative fuel consumption is shown for the first time in [1] and [2]. The theory of cumulative fuel consumption has been presented also in this work. The example of LPG car research results have shown the way of getting to mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption and the intensity of cumulative fuel consumption. In this case, the studies were carried out 16 cars whose engines were powered by LPG. The vehicles are operated in a small fleet of vehicles, which run in city traffic. Data on outcomes of exploitation and operation fuel consumption is acquired from the accounting documents of the company. Very good results prediction mathematical model of operational data are obtained. The high value of prescience quotients (in this case R-sq > 9.999) are similar to the values that were obtained in various other cases. Conversance of mathematical model of cumulative fuel consumption allows carrying out comprehensive analysis of this significant exploitative parameter. The presented theory must not only be regarded as a theory of cumulative fuel consumption but also can be seen more broadly as a theory of cumulative energy consumption. Research is being conducted on the application of the theory to evaluate energy consumption by hybrid vehicles. The results can be very interesting.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 275-280
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Draft calculation of fuel consumption and emission of CO, HC and NOX by a engine car in operational conditions
Autorzy:: Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242139.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
combustion engines
fuel consumption
exhausts
Opis:: The study presents a draft calculation of fuel consumption and emission of CO2, CO, HC and NOx by a engine car used in real traffic conditions. In this project, the author was inspired by the results of his own studies and those of selected domestic and foreign research centres. The (static) engine performance maps including Brake Specific Fuel Consumption maps, ge (CO2), and maps of speciftc emission of CO, HC and NOX,, serve as the basis for this study. Underlying such an approach are the disparate courses offuel consumption and emission levels in the driving and non-driving modes of the engine. For the study purposes, an adeąuate testing programme should be implemented, using a variable driving cycle [1]. A departure from the homologation cycles applied to this end allows covering, on an engine performance map, the area of engine operation being of interest to us with measuring points. For calculations in operational conditions, the maps of changes of Delta ge, Delta CO2, Delta CO, Delta HC and Delta NOX for nonstationary operating conditions of the engine will be a complement to static engine performance maps. The author has already developed partial maps for the first two parameters. The development of the others requires the implementation of a costly research scheme in cooperation with a leading domestic research centre.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 464-472
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: How the number of engine cylinders affects its mechanical efficiency
Autorzy:: Iskra, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246924.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: mechanical efficiency
oil consumption
irregularity run
Opis:: The relation between engine principal dimensions, i.e. piston diameter to stroke ratio is the parameter often modified in order to increase engine efficiency and durability. A similar operation is the achievement of given volume for different number of cylinders, which is the subject of the following paper. For recent years the engine manufacturers have been proposing in-line engines of 3, 4, 5 and 6 cylinders more eagerfy than in last century. Obviously engines of lesser cylinder number are proposed for small car s while those of greater number - for most dynamic ones. One can ask a question whether the cylinder number for a certain swept volume affects such parameters as engine efficiency and durability as well as lube oil consumption. There is no simple answer to this ąuestion but simulations performed by the author allow estimating tendencies in changes of those parameters for various numbers of cylinders. Moreover, it is quite vital that engine complex modifications accompanying the change in cylinder number have been taken into consideration in a course of carried out tests. Lesser number of cylinders for the same volume results in more solid pistons and connecting rods, worse engine run irregularity and soon. The paper presents introductory conclusions which allow selecting an engine of the cylinder number that ensures the best economical and dynamical parameters for a given car.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 153-158
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Theoretical evaluation of the effect of operating parameters on electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range
Autorzy:: Gołębiewski, W.
Lisowski, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246974.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: energy consumption
vehicle-driving range
electric car
Opis:: The paper presents theoretical evaluation of the effect of operating parameters on electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of temperature (at constant pressure) and traction properties on the energy consumption and driving range related to it of a chosen electric vehicle. The test methods assumed the analysis of parameters of the test object based on a simulation model. The evaluation involved a Nissan Leaf vehicle equipped with an electric motor, the torque characteristic curve of which was used in the test model. The values of basic and additional resistance to motion for the adopted conditions: external temperature and pressure-dependent air density, and vehicle technical parameters, such as its weight, capacitance of batteries, vehicle dimensions, type of drive system, drag coefficient and tyre dimensions, were determined. Basing on these data and the characteristic curve of engine torque, electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range were determined. The following relationships were obtained because of the analysis: vehicle energy consumption / vehicle driving range and external temperature, vehicle energy consumption / vehicle driving range and vehicle acceleration, vehicle energy consumption / vehicle driving range and acclivity slope. It was proven that the operating parameters could considerably increase the energy consumption and the driving range of an electric vehicle.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 117-125
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Possibility of reducing CO2 emissions for example electric vehicles
Autorzy:: Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Daszkiewicz, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950152.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
electric vehicles
emission
fuel consumption
energy
Opis:: Development of road transport is now subjected to numerous constraints related to reachability exhaustive sources of liquid fuels and the associated increase in their prices. In addition, restrictions on emissions tend for quickly change the drives with an internal combustion powered petroleum products for electric cars in the near future. Compared to the conventional internal combustion engine, full electric cars driven on European roads appear as environmental winners for the next decades in terms of environmental protection.The article draws attention to the growing increase in CO2 emissions over the years until 2050.Forecasts by 2050, it is estimated that environmentally friendly vehicles will probably reduce the CO2 emissions into the atmosphere comes from cars.The article shows that the speaking of electric vehicles in terms of ecology should take into account the emissivity of the vehicle together to produce a current, and not only the emission of the vehicle from tan to wheel. In the article dealt with directions of development electric sector model in the context of the year 2050. It presents three scenarios that involve the reduction of CO2 emissions, which directly translates into lower fuel consumption.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 211-217
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Lube oil consumptions impact on environment
Autorzy:: Krzymień, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246960.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: lubricating oil consumption
particulate matter
diesel particulate filter
Opis:: The problem of lube oil consumption has been the point of interest of scientists for years,first because of economy and later - because of stringent standards of environment protection. From the point of economy lube oil consumption is not a problem of modern engines. On the other hand even a brief look proves that there is a quite wide range of admissible consumption from negligible values up to even l litr per 100 km. The question is why this range is so wide. Possible answer is that engine manufacturers leave so wide margin taking into consideration situations of very short trips, mainly in towns, when engine runs not fully warmed up with greater clearances, especially within the piston-cylinder assembly. Any oil consumption results in emission of particulate matter, which conveys a weighty number of hydrocarbons of which the most manifest serious hazardous properties, mainly carcinogenic ones. Nowadays, standards of environment protection require for instance the use of diesel particle filters and the excessive oil consumption could lead to the premature damage of these devices. Correct operation of the DPF could be disturbed not only by the excessive oil consumption but also by the use of improper oil, i.e. the non-low ash one. Certain additives that improve oil properties could produce ash as a result of oil combustion, which could clog filter irreversibly.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 265-270
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: A method for energy consumption assessment by operation of bev’s in different road conditions
Autorzy:: Sitnik, Lech J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243146.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
battery energy vehicles
energy consumption
Opis:: For the third time in the history of humankind, it is trying to implement e-mobility. There is a reasonable hope that this attempt will succeed this time. E-mobility is generally regarded as a zero emission. This sentence can only be true in a very small scope, as only in relation to selected parameters and in a very limited its dimension. The situation can change radically. If it will be take into account, the emissions in the production of electricity is necessary for the movement of this type of vehicles Second problem is the energy use amount. We know today that the energy consumption of electric cars, especially in long-term operation is too big. This general knowledge is not confirmed by research results. Both relevant databases and methods of their analysis are missing. This is an unfavourable situation because it is not possible to verify the effects of various changes introduced e.g. in the construction or technology of cars. This publication can be included in those in which it is shown how to change this situation. The analysis of the results of long-term car use can be used as a verification of various development works, especially in e-mobility, which is only just starting. In the future, it will be need to create the appropriate “big data” databases and a number of tools to analyse the data collected there.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 2; 121-127
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Projections of the fuel consumption by the road transport in Poland
Autorzy:: Chłopek, Z
Waśkiewicz, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245285.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
motor transport
vehicle
annual mileage
fuel consumption
Opis:: The article presents expert estimates for 2010 and a forecast up to year 2030 regarding the number of passenger cars as well as trucks and special vehicles and buses according to the maximum weight group. In case of trucks and special vehicles, included were vehicles with maximum weight of less than 3.5 Mg and maximum weight of more than 3.5 Mg. As regards buses – the condition and forecast number of buses with maximum weight of less than 5.0 Mg and more than 5.0 Mg was presented. The forecast concerning passenger cars and other types of vehicles with maximum weight of less than 3.5 Mg (5.0 Mg in case of buses) focused on the number of vehicles by type of energy. The following types of energy were included: petrol, diesel oil, LPG, NG and electrical energy in case of passenger cars and light duty trucks. Estimates also included the average annual statistical mileage of a vehicle registered in Poland according to the specified category and type of energy. Based on the assumed assumptions in the 2030 perspective – the average fuel consumption was determined per 100 km of statistical mileage in every specified category. The predicted consumption of respective types of energy by the overall Polish car fleet was calculated and according to the specified category in years 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 33-39
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Examinations of effective efficiency of a car engine in non-stationary work conditions from torque load
Autorzy:: Ubysz, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245343.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: engine performance maps
specific fuel consumption
effective efficiency
Opis:: Measuring method and calculations of the impact of non-stationary work conditions of car engine torque load upon its effective efficiency have been presented in the paper. The obtained results have been compared to the already achieved results. The applied method of calculation balance and the consumed fuel enabled the writer of the paper to calculate the value of the change of unitary fuel consumption at a work point on engine performance map. The carried out examinations focus on measurements at one measuring length and so the rate of torque load at each of the four gear box ratio (2-5) can be controlled by constant final velocity of driving or by shifting or extending the measuring length against the lowest point ( the measuring length is 'U'-shaped). Finding the right solution to this problem will allow elaborating the calculation algorithm of engine effective efficiency for the examined range of engine performance maps for changeable, non-stationary work conditions. The results make it ąuite explicit that non-stationary work conditions from the engine speed and the engine load impair the effective efficiency of the engine at work in particular gears. Non-stationary mode of engine operation is essential for the higher values of gear box ratio whereas for lower values the engine load really matters.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 463-468
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Mathematical description of the external characteristics of compression-ignition engine
Autorzy:: Stoeck, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245845.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: polynomial interpolation
specific fuel consumption
exhausts gas smokiness
Opis:: In this paper is presented a calculation procedure based on Lagrange's interpolation formuła which has been used for describing the external characteristics of compression-ignition engine of the 359 type. The characteristic curves of specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas smokiness were chosen as an example, which had been obtained during examinations on engine test bed for a drive unitfuelled with four types of fuel. Measurements were carried out on a standard engine test bed which is part of laboratory facilities of the Department of Automotive Vehicles Operation, Western Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. The study object was an unsupercharged four-stroke engine of domestic production of the 359 type. It is a six-cylinder compression-ignition drive unit with direct fuel injection system. Interpolating polynomials determined analytically for respective characteristics have been presented in the graphical form, while experimental examination results necessary for obtaining them have been additionally tabulated. The presented methodology allows simplification of particular experiment stages by giving possibility to estimate analytically the missing data and with preservation of a minimum number of measuring points. With small corrections, it may be used in similar examinations on other engine test beds. Its application should support the planning of particular experiment stages but does not, in any case, replace it since determination of engine characteristic curves is possible through research only.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 445-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Problems of fuel consumption measurements in research of liquid phase LPG injection engine
Autorzy:: Jaworski, A.
Lejda, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242079.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: LPG engine
liquid LPG fuelling
LPG fuel consumption
Opis:: In research of LPG fuelling engine, often used method of fuel consumption measurement is weighing of fuel tank. This method is not proper for fuelling system with fuel pump located in the tank. When LPG pump is working are generated vibration that introduce significant disturbance of fuel tank mass measurement. For test bed research of liquid LPG fuelling engine with sequential injection system (system of V generation), measurement of fuel consumption is very difficult because there are fuel vaporization problems in the fuel pipes, too. This paper presents LPG measurement system, with two of mass flow meters in differential configuration, proposed by authors. This system allow for accurate measurement of LPG fuel consumption. The described system was used for MD-111E engine in test bench research. This engine was fuelling with liquid phase sequential injection system into the suction manifold. Significant problem in the liquid phase injection system is the measuring of fuel consumption. This required of LPG pump installed of the proper rate of delivery to reduce vaporization of fuel. Average relative difference of measured fuel consumption per hour SGt,, for location of flowmeter sensors in the injectors circuit did not exceeded 2%.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 149-156
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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