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Wyszukujesz frazę "inflection," wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Derivatives based on participles in Irish and Polish and the inflection–derivation distinction
Autorzy:
Bloch-Trojnar, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
inherent inflection
inflection feeding derivation
Irish
participle
Opis:
Greenberg’s Universal 28 says that ‘if both the derivation and inflection follow the root, or they both precede the root, the derivation is always between the root and the inflection’ (Greenberg 1966: 93). Booij (1994: 27) undermines this by allowing inherent inflection to feed derivation. There is abundant literature showing that inherent inflection can feed derivation in Germanic, Romance and Slavic languages (Booij 1994, 1996, Chapman 1996, Rainer 1996, Cetnarowska 1999). The aim of this paper is to describe and compare derivational categories related to participle forms in Irish and Polish. These include among others agent nouns, adjectives of tendency/inclination, resultative passive adjectives and facilitative adjectives. Stump (2005: 52) points out that the terms present and past participle are, in fact, misnomers since participles are uninflected for tense, and they should be regarded as stems conveying aspect information plus the lexical information of the root. The existence of derivatives based on inflected forms is usually taken as evidence against the inflection-derivation dichotomy, and in favour of a tripartition into contextual inflection, inherent inflection and derivation. The paper addresses the theoretical ramifications of the existence of such derivatives for inferential-realisational approaches (Stump 2001), such as for example Beard’s (1995) Lexeme-Morpheme Base Morphology, which separates the operations on the grammatical (morpholexical and morphosyntactic) features and operations responsible for the morphophonological modification of the root/stem.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2015, 1; 25-42
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Schwankungen bei der Flexion schwacher Maskulina im Deutschen: eine korpusgestützte Pilotstudie an der Schnittstelle zwischen Morphologie und Semantik
Variations in the flexion of weak masculine nouns in German: a corpus-based pilot study at the interface between morphology and semantics
Autorzy:
Zajączkowska, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28408459.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe
Tematy:
inflection
variation in inflection
weak masculine nouns
German nouns
polysemic qualities
Opis:
The use of weak masculine nouns in German challenges the established grammatical and theoretical concepts by its variation in inflection. In this paper two typically weak nouns „Mensch“ and „Bauer“ are looked at in German Referential Corpus (DeReKo) under consideration of their polysemic qualities. The focus is on whether the meaning or the source can be considered a factor for the formal variation. Qualitative and quantitative analyses from this perspective confirm earlier approaches and provide it with more nuance. All the meanings of both nouns show variation in their inflection regardless of the source. However, more dependence is noticeable between the source and the variation than between any meaning and the variation.
Źródło:
Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft; 2023, 12; 87-105
2299-4122
2657-4799
Pojawia się w:
Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Auxiliary clitics in Polish
Autorzy:
Jagódzka, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
clitics
Slavic languages
inflection
Opis:
Polish auxiliary clitics constitute an interesting set of data which draws attention to cross-linguistic differences among Slavic languages. A general principle for clitic placement in Indo-European languages is the one described by Jacob Wackernagel in his 1892 work. He concluded that clitics appeared in the second position in the clause, after the first word in a sentence. This pattern was true to some degree in Old Church Slavonic and still holds for a number of contemporary Slavic languages e.g. Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, Czech and Slovak which have second position clitics. Bulgarian and Macedonian have verb adjacent pronominal clitics and Polish has auxiliary clitics (Migdalski 2007, 2010, Pancheva 2005). Also in the older versions of Polish language the above mentioned tendency was strong. In Modern Polish auxiliary clitics attach to the l-participle most frequently. However, one of the unusual properties they possess is the ability to choose almost every clausal element for their host. Polish auxiliary clitics can trigger morphophonological alternations on their hosts, which is an affix-like property; however, at the same time they display clearly clitic-like behaviour when they attach freely to words of any lexical class. The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the morpho-syntactic properties of two kinds of auxiliary clitics: bound and free. The bound clitics carry person-number agreement markers for past tense (the so called ‘floating’ or ‘mobile’ inflections). The free clitic is the morpheme by used for conditional and subjunctive mood.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2018, 4; 63-78
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Allein auf weiter Flur? Die indogermanische Pronominalflexion im typologischen Vergleich
Autorzy:
Brosch, Cyril
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/634456.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
typology, Indo-European, pronominal inflection, allomorphy
Opis:
The article gives an outline of the inflectional peculiarities of Proto-Indo-European and its daughter languages, comparing it with unrelated languages, which show hardly any parallels to its pronominal inflection. The latter, constituting a functionally unmotivated divergence from the nominal paradigms, is presented as a probably recent development, which on the other side later leads to a levelling of nominal and pronominal endings in many Indo-European languages, although in some of them inflectional differences may persist until the present day. It is argued that the fusional morphosyntax of Indo- European faciliates linguistic changes of that kind.
Źródło:
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis; 2013, 130, 2
2083-4624
Pojawia się w:
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mikrokorpus Gronowy Polszczyzny 1830–1918
Autorzy:
Derwojedowa, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1630442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Kultury Języka
Tematy:
corpus
diachrony
inflection
syntax
orthography
stylometry
Opis:
This paper is dedicated to the construction of a small cluster corpus of Polish texts from the period 1830–1918. The assumptions of the corpus, its micro- and macro-structure, as well as stylistic, regional and author diversity, and method of making it available are presented. Its application capabilities are illustrated on the example of orthographic, infl ectional, and syntactic studies.
Źródło:
Poradnik Językowy; 2020, 777, 8; 52-65
0551-5343
Pojawia się w:
Poradnik Językowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Idiosyncratic frequency as a measure of derivation vs. inflection
Autorzy:
Copot, Maria
Mickus, Timothee
Bonami, Olivier
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
morphology
derivation– inflection gradient
distributional semantics
Opis:
There is ongoing discussion about how to conceptualize the nature of the distinction between inflection and derivation. A common approach relies on qualitative differences in the semantic relationship between inflectionally versus derivationally related words: inflection yields ways to discuss the same concept in different syntactic contexts, while derivation gives rise to words for related concepts. This differential can be expected to manifest in the predictability of word frequency between words that are related derivationally or inflectionally: predicting the token frequency of a word based on information about its base form or about related words should be easier when the two words are in an inflectional relationship, rather than a derivational one. We compare prediction error magnitude for statistical models of token frequency based on distributional and frequency information of inflectionally or derivationally related words in French. The results conform to expectations: it is easier to predict the frequency of a word from properties of an inflectionally related word than from those of a derivationally related word. Prediction error provides a quantitative, continuous method to explore differences between individual processes and differences yielded by employing different predicting information, which in turn can be used to draw conclusions about the nature and manifestation of the inflection–derivation distinction.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2022, 10, 2; 193--240
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inferring inflection classes with description length
Autorzy:
Beniamine, S.
Bonami, O.
Sagot, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103871.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
morphology
MDL
Minimum Description Length
inflection classes
Opis:
We discuss the notion of an inflection class system, a traditional ingredient of the description of inflection systems of nontrivial complexity. We distinguish systems of microclasses, which partition a set of lexemes in classes with identical behavior, and systems of macroclasses, which group lexemes that are similar enough in a few larger classes. On the basis of the intuition that macroclasses should contribute to a concise description of the system, we propose one algorithmic method for inferring macroclasses from raw inflectional paradigms, based on minimisation of the description length of the system under a given strategy of identifying morphological alternations in paradigms. We then exhibit classifications produced by our implementation on French and European Portuguese conjugation data and argue that they constitute an appropriate systematisation of traditional classifications. To arrive at such a convincing systematisation, it was crucial for us to use a local approach to inflection class similarity (based on pairwise comparisons of paradigm cells) rather than a global approach (based on the simultaneous comparison of all cells). We conclude that it is indeed possible to infer inflectional macroclasses objectively.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2017, 5, 3; 465-525
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Описание на формоизменителните типове при числителните имена в българския език (като част от работата над нормативна граматика)
Autorzy:
Микова [Mikova], Лора [Lora]
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
numerals
inflection types
normative grammar
Bulgarian language
Opis:
Description of inflected numeral types in Bulgarian (as applied in the work on a normative grammar) This article describes the principles of defining the types of inflected numerals in Bulgarian which are used in the work on a normative grammar of the language. The numerals are divided into types according to the form of the article, possibility of shifting the stress to the article and presence of two codified variants. Eight formal types of numerals are thus formed. Opis typów liczebników odmiennych w języku bułgarskim (jako część gramatyki normatywnej)W artykule opisano zasady definiowania typów liczebników odmiennych w języku bułgarskim, które zostały zaproponowane w pracy nad gramatyką normatywną. Liczebniki podzielono na typy według form rodzajnika, możliwości przesunięcia akcentu na rodzajnik i występowania dwóch skodyfikowanych wariantów. W ten sposób uzyskano osiem formalnych typów liczebników.
Źródło:
Slavia Meridionalis; 2018, 18
1233-6173
2392-2400
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Meridionalis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Лемковские анафорические местоимения: кодифицированная и уэус
Lemkian anaphoric pronouns: the codified norm vs. spoken language usage
Autorzy:
Reis, Anastasia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/568193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Lemko language
codification
usage
inflection
anaphoric pronouns
Opis:
This article describes the main tendencies in the development of the Lemkian morphology, namely, in the inflection of the anaphoric pronouns in the speech of Lemkos. The focus is on determining similarities and differences between the inventory of grammatical forms, as described in the codified norm, and the pronominal forms, the use of which is typical for the actual spoken Lemkian (presented here as a corpus of Lemkian oral speech, consisting of conversations recorded within a family circle). The present comparative analysis shows that the paradigm of anaphoric pronouns in the Grammar of Lemkian language is no longer an adequate reflections of the linguistic reality.
Źródło:
Linguistica Copernicana; 2013, 1(9); 215-237
2080-1068
2391-7768
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zapomniane rozstrzygnięcia normatywne Walentego Szylarskiego
Autorzy:
Decyk-Zięba, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2151996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Kultury Języka
Tematy:
Polish grammar books
linguistic norm
orthography
inflection
Opis:
Walenty Szylarski is the author of two Polish grammar books, one in the form of manuscript of 1767 and the other one published in Lviv in 1770. The subject matter of the analysis is fi ve normative resolutions proposed by Szylarski. They concerned: 1) the use of a diacritic over a, 2) the position of ą in the alphabet; 3) the spelling of j before a vowel; 4) the nominative and accusative cases of singular neuter nouns ending with -ę; 5) the instrumental and locative cases of singular and instrumental case of plural masculine and neuter adjectives. Szylarski’s suggestions concerning orthography had two basic causes: one was the lack of standardised, generally accepted rules of o rthography (fl uctuations in the use of endings), the other was the incompatibility of the spelling convention and the properties of language in use (j, -ę in the fi nal position, position of ą in the alphabet, use of a diacritic over the conjunction a). Some of the orthographic proposals were noticed, while others were not.
Źródło:
Poradnik Językowy; 2022, 794, 5; 45-63
0551-5343
Pojawia się w:
Poradnik Językowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trudności w opanowaniu odmiany liczebników w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego na przykładzie studentów ukraińsko- i rosyjskojęzycznych
Autorzy:
Popova, Olha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152069.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-05
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Kultury Języka
Tematy:
numeral
inflection of numerals
interference
language errors
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to describe the most common errors made by Ukrainian- and Russian-speaking people while learning infl ection of numerals for person and their causes. The applied comparative method permits a closer look at formal and syntactic relations as well as collocations of numerals and specifi c lexeme classes (this regards primarily agreement between cardinal numbers and masculine personal verbs, compound structures with the numeral jeden (one) and numerals showing adjectival infl ection). This study concentrates on a comparison of cardinal and ordinal numbers in Ukrainian, Russian and Polish, which allowed an analysis of the causes of errors made while learning the infl ection of numerals by Ukrainian- and Russian-speaking students.
Źródło:
Poradnik Językowy; 2021, 784, 5; 23-36
0551-5343
Pojawia się w:
Poradnik Językowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phenomena in Romance verb paradigms: Syncretism, order of inflectional morphemes and thematic vowel
Autorzy:
Baldi, Benedetta
Savoia, Leonardo M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40055722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
morphology
syntax
inflection
thematic vowel
Romance languages
Opis:
This article aims to propose a treatment of the internal morphological organization of words, based on the idea that morphology is part of syntactic computation. We disagree with Distributed Morphology model, whereby morphology is identified with a post-syntactic component conveying an information ‘separated from the original locus of that information in the phrase marker’ (Embick and Noyer 2001: 557) by rules manipulating syntactic nodes. We also consider inadequate the costly and complex syntactic structures that cartographic approach maps into inflectional strings. We pursue a different conceptualization assuming that morphology is governed by the same rules and principles of syntax. Sub-word elements, including inflections, thematic exponents and clitics, are fully interpretable and enter (pair-)merge operations (in the sense of Chomsky 2020a,b, 2021) according to their content, giving rise to complex words.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2022, 8; 5-23
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O potrzebie, a nawet konieczności uwzględnienia infiksów w opisie polskiej fleksji werbalnej
On the necessity, or even obligation, to include infixes in the description of Polish verbal inflection
Autorzy:
Perlin, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/568207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
morphology
affixes
infixes
verbal inflection
markers of aspect
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present proof that infixes, being markers of the perspective aspect, exist in Polish verbal inflection. At the same time, it is demonstrated that some Polish, and more generally, Slavic affixes, constitute better examples of infixes than those that have been appearing in coursebooks and encyclopaedias of general linguistics so far. Moreover, it is suggested that there is a possibility of t includin infixes in descriptions of inflections of certain Germanic languages.
Źródło:
Linguistica Copernicana; 2013, 1(9); 203-213
2080-1068
2391-7768
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enclisis, mesoclisis and inflection in Italo-Romance varieties: A minimalist analysis
Autorzy:
Savoia, Leonardo M.
Baldi, Benedetta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40228933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
object clitics
inflection
enclisis
mesoclisis
morpho-syntax
amalgamation
Opis:
This contribution addresses a central theme in morphological analysis, namely the relationship between clitics and inflectional elements. Important contributions on the point are due to Anderson (1992) and Marantz (1988), who, in different ways, connect clitics and affixes. We will propose a solution based on the idea that clitics are part of the inflectional arrangement of the verbal head. Specifically, we will investigate two types of data coming from some Romance varieties in which enclisis and mesoclisis phenomena interact with word formation. These phenomena affect the expression of the Internal Argument and lead us to rethink the analysis of enclisis and mesoclisis in terms of the ability of the inflected verb to realize Phasal domains. In other words, morphology is part of the syntactic computation, and morphemic elements, endowed with interpretable content, are introduced by the operation of Merge.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2023, 9; 172-196
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dans quelle mesure la flexion roumaine et albanaise sont-elles convergentes ?
Autorzy:
Cychnerski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677770.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Romanian language
Albanian language
functional inflection
convergences
balkanisms
Opis:
To what extent are the Romanian and the Albanian inflection convergents?This paper presents the results of a short contrastive analysis of functional inflection in the contemporary Romanian and Albanian. Its aim is to determine convergences between these two languages on a highly general level. Nine morphological categories (number, person, gender, case, determination, voice, aspect, mode and tense) with all their main values are described here in each variable lexical class of both the Romanian and the Albanian language. Such a treatment of two corresponding lingusitic subsystems clearly demonstrates that differences overcome similarities, and supposed balkanisms are dubious on this level. W jakim stopniu zbieżne są fleksja rumuńska i fleksja albańska?W artykule przedstawiono wyniki wstępnej analizy kontrastywnej, obejmującej fleksję funkcjonalną współczesnych języków rumuńskiego i albańskiego. Podstawowym celem jest tu określenie, na bardzo ogólnym poziomie, zbieżności między tymi językami. Pod uwagę wzięto dziewięć kategorii morfologicznych (liczba, osoba, rodzaj, przypadek, określoność, strona, aspekt, tryb i czas) wraz z ich prymarnymi wartościami w każdej odmiennej klasie leksykalnej, tak rumuńskiej, jak i albańskiej. Takie potraktowanie odpowiadających sobie dwu językowych podsystemów wykazuje wprost, że różnice przeważają tu nad podobieństwami, a przypuszczalne bałkanizmy są na tym poziomie raczej wątpliwe.
Źródło:
Slavia Meridionalis; 2015, 15
1233-6173
2392-2400
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Meridionalis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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