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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Monitoring of xylem formation in Picea abies under drought stress influence
    Autorzy:
    Gryc, V.
    Hacura, J.
    Vavrcik, H.
    Urban, J.
    Gebauer, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41506.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    monitoring
    xylem formation
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    drought stress
    Opis:
    The effect of drought stress on regular cambium activity and wood formation in stems of two different clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) was investigated. Tissue samples were taken during the growing season from May to September 2010. Artificial drought stress, induced by long-term sheltering of the soil, was significantly manifested in clone 15. In the stressed individual, the period of cambium activity was shorter, the total number of formed cells was lower and the resulting tree ring was narrower. The number of cells in the phases of postcambial growth and secondary cell wall formation was significantly lower in comparison to the control tree. The tracheid lignification process was slower in the tree stressed by water deficit and the first mature tracheids were observed later. On the other hand, in clone 18 probably genetic dispositions played an important role as no considerable deviations in the cambium activity and new wood cells production were observed. Fitting xylem increments to the Gompertz function showed that the period of the most intensive cell formation was at the turn of June and July and the maximum daily production of new cells was higher in non-stressed individuals than in the stressed ones. The results of the experiment lead us to the conclusion that drought stress can significantly affect the cambium activity of some clones, the differentiation process of anatomical elements, and thus also the resulting tree ring width.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2012, 67
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of the stable oxygen isotope (18 O) to trace the distribution and uptake of water in riparian woodlands
    Autorzy:
    Lambs, L.
    Loudes, J.
    Berthelot, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147005.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    oxygen isotope
    riparian forest
    water origin
    xylem sap
    Opis:
    Streamside vegetation forming narrow "corridors" in temperate regions, is typically dominated by deciduous tree species reflecting strong influences by human activities. Riparian woodlands depend on hydrological resources and have to adapt to rapid changes in water levels and soil moisture conditions. Three main water sources are typically present in the riparian zone: river water originating in the mountains, ground water and rainfall. Stable isotopes, such as oxygen-18, are useful tools which allow for water movement to be traced within the riparian zone and which help to identify water sources utilised by the trees growing in these areas.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47,suppl.1; 71-74
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The progressive and ancestral traits of the secondary xylem within Magnolia clad - the early diverging lineage of flowering plants
    Autorzy:
    Wroblewska, M.M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58545.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    progressive trait
    ancestral trait
    secondary xylem
    Magnolia
    flowering plant
    angiosperm
    perforation plate
    Opis:
    The qualitative and quantitative studies, presented in this article, on wood anatomy of various species belonging to ancient Magnolia genus reveal new aspects of phylogenetic relationships between the species and show evolutionary trends, known to increase fitness of conductive tissues in angiosperms. They also provide new examples of phenotypic plasticity in plants. The type of perforation plate in vessel members is one of the most relevant features for taxonomic studies. In Magnolia, until now, two types of perforation plates have been reported: the conservative, scalariform and the specialized, simple one. In this paper, are presented some findings, new to magnolia wood science, like exclusively simple perforation plates in some species or mixed perforation plates – simple and scalariform in one vessel member. Intravascular pitting is another taxonomically important trait of vascular tissue. Interesting transient states between different patterns of pitting in one cell only have been found. This proves great flexibility of mechanisms, which elaborate cell wall structure in maturing tracheary element. The comparison of this data with phylogenetic trees, based on the fossil records and plastid gene expression, clearly shows that there is a link between the type of perforation plate and the degree of evolutionary specialization within Magnolia genus.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2015, 84, 1
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Morphology and anatomy of the root system of new potato cultivars. Part II. Root anatomy
    Morfologia i anatomia systemu korzeniowego nowych odmian ziemniaka. Część II. Anatomia korzeni
    Autorzy:
    Łotocka, Barbara
    Kozak, Marcin
    Rykaczewska, Krystyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199131.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    anatomia korzenia
    agzoderma
    andoderma
    ksylem wtórny
    endodermis
    exodermis
    root anatomy
    secondary xylem
    Opis:
    The comparison of primary adventitious roots structure was done in a survey study of 17 Solanum tuberosum cultivars differently tolerant to drought by means of microscopic methods. Cell wall autofluorescence combined with aniline blue treatment of handmade sections was shown to be a convenient method for fast examination of large amount of plant material. Secondary structure limited to the formation of vascular cambium and its derivative tissues was found in all the cultivars examined. Anatomical differences were found between cultivars, individual plants and individual roots, and they were most evident in regard to the extent of secondary structure formation and number of primary vascular tissues strands. By means of image-analysis method, cross-section areas of the root and xylem were measured in 16 cultivars, and by means of statistical analysis significant differences were found between cultivars in regard to these traits.
    W pilotażowych obserwacjach wykonano przy pomocy metod mikroskopowych porównanie budowy pierwszorzędowych korzeni przybyszowych u 17 odmian Solanum tuberosum o zróżnicowanej tolerancji stresu suszy. Wykazano przydatność obserwacji, na skrawkach ręcznych, autofluorescencji ścian komórkowych w zestawieniu z traktowaniem błękitem aniliny do szybkiego badania dużej ilości materiału roślinnego. U wszystkich badanych odmian stwierdzono występowanie budowy wtórnej ograniczonej do wytworzenia kambium waskularnego i tkanek pochodnych. Różnice w budowie anatomicznej stwierdzono w odniesieniu do odmian, poszczególnych roślin i poszcze-gólnych korzeni, przy czym dotyczyły one głównie stopnia zaawansowania budowy wtórnej i liczby pasm drewna pierwotnego. Przy pomocy metody analizy obrazu zmierzono pola przekroju poprzecznego korzenia i drewna, a analiza statystyczna wykonana dla 16 odmian wykazała, że różniły się one istotnie pod względem wymienionych cech.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2016, 279; 31-43
    0373-7837
    2657-8913
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seasonal dynamics in cambial activity and the formation of xylem and phloem in the branches of Cinnamomum camphora
    Autorzy:
    Dong, M.
    Xu, Y.M.
    Lin, H.
    Li, X.Q.
    Xia, Q.Q.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41385.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    seasonal dynamics
    cambial activity
    formation
    xylem
    phloem
    branch formation
    tree
    tropical tree
    Cinnamomum camphora
    wood formation
    phenology
    Opis:
    The cambial activity and periodicity of secondary xylem and phloem formation have been less studied in tropical tree species than in temperate ones. Cambium activity is the only source of timber production. Studies on its activity and xylem formation can provide helpful data for dendrochronology and possible factors that control tree growth, the yield and quality of wood. Cinnamomum camphora is an important fast-growing tree for furniture and sculpture wood in South China. Its dynamics of cambial activity was not reported. During the growth season in 2011, five trees of Cinnamomum camphora plantation were monitored on the campus of Huazhong Agricultural University in central china (located on 113°41’ to 115°05’ E and 29°58’ to 31°22’ N). Sampling time was from 13, February 2011 to 13, February 2012. Some small stems of 15–20 cm length were selected to sample in the middle of 2–3 years old health branches in the central crown of these trees. The observational study found that the cambium of camphor trees was active from March to October and dormant from November to February. Onset of cambial cell division was observed in early March, one week after sprouting of new buds. The morphology of the cells and number of cell layers in the cambium zone varied throughout the year. In early March, cambium reactivated with the rising of temperature, the cell wall was relative thick. The number of cell layers increased from 2–3 in middle Feb. to 3–5. In June, the number of cell layers in cambium reached the maximum of 5–7 in a radial direction. In mid March, phloem cells began to differentiate, followed by xylem three weeks later. The number of cell layers in immature phloem and xylem increased dramatically before mid June and the increment of cell layers in xylem was almost fifth times of phloem in the differentiating process. The phloem cells mainly stopped dividing new cells in end of October, but xylem cells were still in the activity a week later. The annual activities of cambium was in accordance with the air mean temperature change in 2011–2012. The results showed that the cambial activity and formation of xylem and phloem were related to the environmental factors, especially the temperature.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2016, 75
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Xylem-fed maple sap accelerates balsam fir needle abscission and but can delay water loss in spring and autumn
    Autorzy:
    MacDonald, M.T.
    Lada, R.R.
    West, R.R.
    Nelson, K.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40990.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    xylem
    abscisic acid
    Abies balsamea
    balsam
    fir tree
    balsam fir tree
    needle
    water content
    water uptake
    water loss
    spring
    autumn
    Opis:
    Postharvest balsam fir trees are known to suffer a number of problems that may be linked to abscission rates, such as dehydration or wounding. By definition, postharvest balsam fir trees are also detached from roots and will no longer be supplied certain root derived factors normally translocated via the xylem. Resupplying those root derived factors may delay abscission. The objective of this experiment was to take sap from a root intact species (i.e. Acer saccharum L) and add it to the water supply of balsam fir branches. Further, the effect of reverse osmosis and autoclaving the sap supply will be explored. The experiment was conducted once in spring and again in autumn to examine seasonal changes in needle abscission. The only hormones found in the maple sap were ABA and its metabolites, with PA (163.0 ng g–1) being the primary metabolite present. Needle retention was higher in branches harvested in autumn, as long as they were provided a sap that did not undergo RO. If the sap had undergone RO, then needle retention was slightly decreased in autumn. Needle retention generally decreased as the concentration of maple sap in the water supply increased and this trend was accelerated if the sap had undergone RO. Autoclaving the sap successfully delayed the length of time for water consumption to decrease, but this unexpectedly did not translate into improved needle retention.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2016, 76
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wood anatomy of ivy-hosting black alder (Alnus glutinosa Gaertn.)
    Autorzy:
    Yaman, B
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41410.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    tree
    English ivy
    ivy
    Hedera helix
    ivy impact
    host tree
    secondary xylem
    growth
    wood
    anatomy
    black alder tree
    Alnus glutinosa
    qualitative property
    Opis:
    The study aims at investigating the impact of ivy (Hedera helix L.) on the growth and on some wood anatomical characteristics of black alder trees. Ivy-hosting and non-hosting black alder have a similar wood anatomy in terms of qualitative properties. However, in ivy-hosting trees tangential and radial diameter of vessels are narrower (p <0.001), and inter-vessel pits are smaller (p <0.01), whereas vessel frequency is higher (p<0.05) than those of non-hosting ones. The average maximum ray height is greater (p<0.05), and ray number mm-1 is lower (p < 0.001) than those of non-hosting individuals. In addition, the last ten years’ average radial growth has decreased 39.5% compared to that of non-hosting black alder.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 62; 41-45
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cieplne metody pomiaru przepływu wody w pędach roślin drzewiastych
    Thermal methods of water flow measurements in stems of woody plants
    Autorzy:
    Zajączkowska, U.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973066.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    transport
    ksylem
    woda
    pedy
    pomiary
    przepływ wody
    rośliny drzewiaste
    botanika leśna
    leśnictwo
    water flow measurement
    water transport in tree
    xylem
    Opis:
    Water flow in woody plant depends on many endogenous and environmental factors. Results of water flow measurements are frequently used in the research on physiology of woody plants and, ecophysiology to describe tree condition, water utilization and connected with these various theoretical and practical matters. Among the techniques of water flow measurements, the thermal methods are most widely used. It is because of easy installation of the system, possibility of continuous measurement with fast final results. The paper reviews various thermal methods of water flow measurements in woody plants with emphasis on the accuracy of measurements and potential sources of errors.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2003, 147, 11; 38-46
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Anatomical characteristics of hypocotyl of sugar beets different in sugar content
    Autorzy:
    Sliwinska, E
    Dziamski, A.
    Steen, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048151.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1995
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    cell size
    plant genetics
    vascular tissue
    sucrose concentration
    Beta vulgaris
    root yield
    genotype
    sugar content
    hybrid
    tracheid
    central core
    xylem
    hypocotyl
    parenchyma cell
    phloem
    sugar-beet
    Opis:
    Six seedling hypocotyl anatomical characters of sugar beet diploid lines and triploid hybrids were measured. Root yield and sugar content of these lines and hybrids were evaluated in replicated field trials. Some of the studied hypocotyl characters: the diameter of the central core, the diameter of parenchymatic cells outside the central core and the width of xylem, correlated negatively with sugar content and positively with root yield. This suggests that these parameters can be used in preliminary selection of sugar-beet breeding material. Introducing such criteria into the breeding process could speed up the selection and reduce the number of expensive field trials.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 1995, 36, 3; 229-239
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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