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Tytuł:
“Autonomisation” of security and defence systems
Autorzy:
Kuptel, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576413.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-07
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
autonomy
autonomisation
unmanned autonomous systems
levels of
Opis:
Development of systems with an evolving level of autonomy is among the most controversial and yet promising aspects of military forces’ modernisation. The application of quasi- artificial intelligence in combat machines opens a new uncharted area of possibilities. In essence, these modifications aim to reduce the extent of human interference in the functioning of unmanned systems virtually to none. The potential risks are explored in dangerous scenarios, which consider that apart from offering far-reaching advantages of using platforms with autonomic capabilities, they can be used against humanity. These scenarios assume a pivotal role in forecasting possible directions for development of the armed forces. This paper attempts to determine the essence of combat systems autonomy while focusing on a few of the most sensitive issues. For a transparent and credible debate on combat systems autonomy, it is adviseable that no ambiguity is present in terminological, ethical, legal and technological complexities, whose misinterpretation may become a source of unnecessary understatements or even lead to distortion of the debate.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2019, 23, 1; 79-96
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
3D CAD model for a quadrotor system modeling and control
Autorzy:
Raheemah, Fatima A.
Hussein, Mustafa T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
quadrotor
SimMechanics/MATLAB
CAD model
unmanned aerial vehicles
model CAD
bezzałogowe statki powietrzne
Opis:
In this paper, the work focus on the advantages of several engineering software to present a case study for the quadrotor system by a used 3D CAD model. The CAD model initially generated using one of the CAD software and it can be accessed from MATLAB software and converted into a virtual physical model. Quadrotors are unmanned aerial vehicles capable of vertical takeoff, hovering, and landing. The quadrotor is distinguished by its small size, flexibility, and maneuverability. The small sensors and actuators used in these systems are effective enough in comparison with the larger systems. The CAD model for the quadrotor system in this study is used to show the capability of the 3D model implementation in modeling and control. These models echo on the real-time models to improve the behavior in the real world. The actual quadrotor device was converted from the real system to a 3D model. Also, the model is converted to SimMechanics for the sake of simulation. Two different control methods are used in this work to stable the motion of the quadrotor system. First the adaptive sliding mode controller with the adaptive controller. Second the adaptive sliding mode controller with the PID controller. The simulation results show the model works fine with the controllers and it preserves the desired position and attitude along the desired predefined path. The results shown when a comparison was made that the ratio of error for PID controller is better.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2022, 23, 2; art. no. 2022203
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
3D LoD3 Modeling of High Building Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: A Case Study in Halong City, Vietnam
Autorzy:
Le, Thi Thu Ha
Nguyen, Quoc Long
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323222.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
Tematy:
3D LoD3 model of high building
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS)
UAV
skaning laserowy
Wietnam
Opis:
3D urban building models play an important role in the association, convergence and integration of economic and social urban data. 3D building reconstruction can be done from both the lidar and image-based point clouds, however, the lidar point clouds has dominated the research giving the 3D buildings reconstruction from aerial images point clouds less attention. The UAV images can be acquired at low cost, the workflow can be automated with minimal technical knowhow limitation. This promotes the necessity to understand and question to what extent the 3D buildings from UAV point clouds are complete and correct from data processing to parameter settings. This study focuses on proposing a process for building 3D geospatial data for a smart city using geospatial data collected by UAV and Terrestrial Laser Scanner. The experimental results have produced 3D geospatial data of high building in LoD3, with the root mean square error of the received test points mΔx=3.8 cm, mΔy=3.1 cm, and mΔH=7.5 cm.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Mineralna; 2023, 2; 303--310
1640-4920
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Mineralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
3D modelling with the use of photogrammetric methods
Modelowanie 3D z wykorzystaniem metod fotogrametrycznych
Autorzy:
Piech, Izabela
Adam, Tomasz
Dudas, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
modelowanie 3D
wizualizacja
skaning laserowy naziemny
bezzałogowy statek powietrzny
kamera niemetryczna
3D modelling
visualization
terrestrial laser scanning
unmanned aerial vehicle
non-metric camera
Opis:
Extremely intensive development of technology has resulted in many innovations. There are new methods of acquiring spatial data, such as laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles or digital non-metric cameras, which are the subject of this study. Integration of this data has become a new tool that has expanded existing measurement capabilities, finding applications in 3D modelling, archaeology and monument conservation. Owing to scanning, we can get the coordinates of almost every point of the scanned surface, obtaining full and detailed information about the object dimensions. The level of technical advancement of digital cameras allows them to be successfully used in short-range photogrammetry [27], and recently also in low-altitude aerial photogrammetry (unmanned aerial vehicles). Two different test objects were selected to achieve the intended purpose. The monument located on the 14-meter-high top of the Wanda Mound was adopted as the first object. It consists of a simple rectangular plinth made of brown marble. On its top there is a figure of an eagle with a crown of white marble. On the west wall of the plinth there is an inscription “Wanda” and a drawing showing a sword crossed with a distaff. The following features supported the choice of the monument: interesting shape of the object, which includes both simple geometric forms with large and flat surfaces (plinth), and more detailed surfaces (figure of an eagle); detailed texture of the object (complicated marble veins, wing details). The second object under study was The Helena Modrzejewska National Stary Theatre. The building was rebuilt in the style of Viennese Art Nouveau, so that it fully incorporates into the rest of buildings. Measurements included data obtained from a non-metric camera, Leica ScanStation scanner and DJI S 1000 multi-rotor.
Niezwykle intensywny rozwój technologii od początku obecnego stulecia, zaowocował wieloma innowacjami, również w dziedzinie geodezji i kartografii, a w szczególności w zakresie fotogrametrii i teledetekcji. Oprócz ewolucji znanych już form pomiarów jak przejście ze zobrazowań analogowych na cyfrowe, pojawiły się też nowe metody pozyskiwania danych przestrzennych jak skaning laserowy, bezzałogowe statki powietrzne czy cyfrowe kamery niemetryczne, będące przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania. Integracja tych danych stała się nowym narzędziem, które rozszerzyło dotychczasowe możliwości pomiarowe, jak również znalazło zastosowanie poza branżą geodezyjną, na przykład w modelowaniu 3D, archeologii czy konserwacji zabytków. Dzięki skaningowi otrzymujemy współrzędne niemal każdego punktu skanowanej powierzchni w dowolnym miejscu, nawet już po zakończeniu pomiaru i opuszczeniu obiektu. Otrzymujemy zatem pełną i szczegółową informację o wymiarach obiektu, o znajdującej się wewnątrz infrastrukturze niekiedy trudno dostępnej bądź skomplikowanej. Poziom zaawansowania technicznego aparatów cyfrowych pozwala już od kilkunastu lat na stosowanie ich z powodzeniem w fotogrametrii bliskiego zasięgu [27], a od niedawna także i w fotogrametrii lotniczej niskiego pułapu (bezzałogowe statki powietrzne). Bezzałogowe statki powietrzne okazują się świetnym narzędziem wspomagającym proces zbierania danych o wysokorozdzielczych metrycznych zdjęciach elewacji budynków. Do zrealizowania zamierzonego celu wybrano 2 różne obiekty testowe.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2022, 68, 3; 481--500
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Comparative Structural Analysis of Four Radiosonde Models
Porównawcza analiza strukturalna czterech modeli radiosond
Autorzy:
Hegyi, Norbert
Jósvai, János
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36450313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
radiosonde
unmanned free balloon
computed tomography measurement
collision test
radiosonda
balon wolny bezzałogowy
tomografia komputerowa
test zderzeniowy
Opis:
In this study, we first performed a comprehensive structural analysis of four models of radiosondes (devices intended for use as the meteorological probe of a sounding balloon) manufactured by three different companies - Graw, Vaisala and Meteomodem. The radiosondes were disassembled for visual inspection and manual measurement, three-dimensional computed tomography images were taken of their inner structure, and the outer shapes of the radiosondes were scanned with a structured-light three-dimensional scanner. The structural properties of the radiosondes thus identified were then compared to one other, based on which the Meteomodem M10 was ranked as the least harmful in a potential collision. Next, the Meteomodem M10 radiosonde was used in collision tests with a heavy target and with a pumpkin model, in order to evaluate the possible damage caused by and to the radiosonde in different types of collisions.
W pracy przeprowadzono kompleksową analizę strukturalną czterech modeli radiosond (urządzeń stosowanych przy balonach meteorologicznych) produkowanych przez trzy różne firmy: Graw, Vaisala i Meteomodem. Radiosondy rozłożono na części w celu dokonania oględzin i pomiarów ręcznych, wykonano trójwymiarowe zdjęcia tomograficzne ich wewnętrznej struktury oraz zeskanowano ich zewnętrzne kształty za pomocą trójwymiarowego skanera. Po porównaniu właściwości strukturalnych radiosond, model Meteomodem M10 został uznany za najmniej szkodliwy w potencjalnym zderzeniu z przeszkodą. Następnie przeprowadzono testy zderzeniowe radiosondy Meteomodem M10 z przeszkodą twardą oraz miękką w celu oceny możliwych uszkodzeń w różnych typach kolizji.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2021, 4 (265); 68-81
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Matlab Implementation of Differential GPS for Low-cost GPS Receivers
Autorzy:
Ali, Q
Montenegro, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
marine navigation
Global Positioning System GPS
Matlab, Differential GPS (DGPS)
GPS Receiver
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
RINEX Format
Opis:
A number of public codes exist for GPS positioning and baseline determination in off-line mode. However, no software code exists for DGPS exploiting correction factors at base stations, without relying on double difference information. In order to accomplish it, a methodology is introduced in MATLAB environment for DGPS using C/A pseudoranges on single frequency L1 only to make it feasible for low-cost GPS receivers. Our base station is at accurately surveyed reference point. Pseudoranges and geometric ranges are compared at base station to compute the correction factors. These correction factors are then handed over to rover for all valid satellites observed during an epoch. The rover takes it into account for its own true position determination for corresponding epoch. In order to validate the proposed algorithm, our rover is also placed at a pre-determined location. The proposed code is an appropriate and simple to use tool for post-processing of GPS raw data for accurate position determination of a rover e.g. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle during post-mission analysis.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2014, 8, 3; 343-350
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study of propeller for high altitude unmanned airplane
Autorzy:
Zalewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
unmanned high altitude aerial vehicles propeller-driven aircraft
genetic algorithm
lift coefficient distribution
Opis:
Over the last 20 years, we can observe growing interest in the field of unmanned high altitude aerial vehicles. Especially the light aircrafts with electric motors become popular. The use of electricity to drive enables application of non-conventional energy sources like solar energy. The propeller remains the best propulsion system for planes powered by electricity. High altitude planes powered by propellers are able to fly over the wide range of altitude: from 0 to 25 kilometres. Such wide range of altitude is connected with variability of propeller work conditions (for example the density of the air is changing 10 times) which remarkably complicate the process of matching propeller to motor. The paper presents optimization model of propeller destined to unmanned high altitude airplane. Computational procedure deals with searching optimal distribution of lift coefficient line along the blade span of the propeller to obtain maximal efficiency for selected altitudes of flight. Genetic algorithm was used during the searching procedure. The database of optimal solutions is created as a result of computation and can be later exploited for choosing the best solution able to meet the requirements. Because the same propeller is used for take-off, climb and high altitude flight, then the airfoils of the propeller blades must be capable of operating over an extremely different flow condition caused by large change in air density. Propeller blades airfoils are required to operate within a low Reynolds number (below 105) and high subsonic Mach number (up to 0.6) flow field during high altitude flight. At low Reynolds number, the airfoils generate lesser lift and higher drags. The performance of the airfoils and consequently of the whole propeller can decline significantly. The objective is to find airfoils with good performance in all condition, which can appear during the flight, and to find the best shape of lift coefficient curve along the blade span of the propeller. That is necessary in order to obtain acceptable efficiency of the propeller for all flight conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 329-334
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A theoretical analysis of contemporary vessel navigational systems: assessing the future role of the human element for unmanned vessels
Autorzy:
Polemis, D.
Darousos, E. F.
Boviatsis, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201340.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
safety at sea
unmanned vessel
human element
vessel navigational system
electronic navigation
bridge instruments
automatic navigation system
autonomous vessels
Opis:
This article aims to investigate the contemporary challenges of electronic navigation and assess the appropriate amendments should autonomous vessel technology becomes widespread in the near future. Vessel control systems and maritime communication are essential and sending and receiving alarm signals is critical to contemporary ship navigation. Numerous location and shipping information systems, such as GPS, Loran-C, and Decca, have arisen in recent decades to improve navigational safety. Other systems, including VHF and Inmarsat, have been developed to enhance the efficiency of maritime communication on board and to transmit risk and safety-related data. Additionally, safe navigation requires systems like Navtex, EGS, DSC, Epirb, and others [1].
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 4; 637--646
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A web-oriented architecture for deploying multiple unmanned vehicles as a service
Autorzy:
Au, C. N.
Delea, C.
Schneider, J.
Oeffner, J.
Jahn, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841554.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Unmanned Vehicles
web-oriented architecture
multiple unmanned vehicles
environmental shipping monitoring center
robot operating system
risk-aware autonomous port inspection drone
transport layer security
datagram transport layer security
Opis:
Providing a robotic-assisted service in scenarios involving multiple Unmanned Vehicles (UVs) in possible beyond-visual-Line-Of-Sight (LoS) operations, safety and security are critical concerns. We develop a web-oriented, human-in-the-loop infrastructure to explore how the service provider can secure their system, enforce instant access control over dynamic operator-robot connections, and ensure the integrity, availability, and traceability of communicated data. Our proposed minimal viable solution requires an authentication server to verify user identity, a back server with a database to handle user requests and state-transition events, and a RabbitMQ (RMQ) server to trace the origin of data.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 1; 155-164
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Accuracy investigation of creating orthophotomaps based on images obtained by applying Trimble-UX5 UAV
Autorzy:
Hlotov, V.
Hunina, A.
Siejka, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106820.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Warszawska. Wydział Geodezji i Kartografii
Tematy:
unmanned aerial vehicle
aerial survey
digital camera
orthophotomap
planned altitude reference
bezzałogowy statek powietrzny
pomiary lotnicze
aparat cyfrowy
ortofotomapa
planowana wysokość odniesienia
Opis:
The main purpose of this work is to confirm the possibility of making large-scale orthophotomaps applying unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) Trimble-UX5. A planned altitude reference of the studying territory was carried out before to the aerial surveying. The studying territory has been marked with distinctive checkpoints in the form of triangles (0.5 × 0.5 × 0.2 m). The checkpoints used to precise the accuracy of orthophotomap have been marked with similar triangles. To determine marked reference point coordinates and check-points method of GNSS in real-time kinematics (RTK) measuring has been applied. Projecting of aerial surveying has been done with the help of installed Trimble Access Aerial Imaging, having been used to run out the UX5. Aerial survey out of the Trimble UX5 UAV has been done with the help of the digital camera SONY NEX-5R from 200m and 300 m altitude. These aerial surveying data have been calculated applying special photogrammetric software Pix 4D. The orthophotomap of the surveying objects has been made with its help. To determine the precise accuracy of the got results of aerial surveying the checkpoint coordinates according to the orthophotomap have been set. The average square error has been calculated according to the set coordinates applying GNSS measurements. A-priori accuracy estimation of spatial coordinates of the studying territory using the aerial surveying data have been calculated: mx=0.11 m, my=0.15 m, mz=0.23 m in the village of Remeniv and mx=0.26 m, my=0.38 m, mz=0.43 m in the town of Vynnyky. The accuracy of determining checkpoint coordinates has been investigated using images obtained out of UAV and the average square error of the reference points. Based on comparative analysis of the got results of the accuracy estimation of the made orthophotomap it can be concluded that the value the average square error does not exceed a-priori accuracy estimation. The possibility of applying Trimble UX5 UAV for making large-scale orthophotomaps has been investigated. The aerial surveying output data using UAV can be applied for monitoring potentially dangerous for people objects, the state border controlling, checking out the plots of settlements. Thus, it is important to control the accuracy the got results. Having based on the done analysis and experimental researches it can be concluded that applying UAV gives the possibility to find data more efficiently in comparison with the land surveying methods. As the result, the Trimble UX5 UAV gives the possibility to survey built-up territories with the required accuracy for making orthophotomaps with the following scales 1: 2000, 1: 1000, 1: 500.
Źródło:
Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics; 2017, 103; 106-118
2391-8365
2391-8152
Pojawia się w:
Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adptive heading control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicle based on improved backpropagation neural network
Autorzy:
Dong, Zaopeng
Li, Jiakang
Liu, Wei
Zhang, Haisheng
Qi, Shijie
Zhang, Zhengqi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32917278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
underactuated unmanned surface vehicle
backpropagation neural network controller
heading control
hyperbolic tangent function
Opis:
Aiming at the challenges to the accurate and stable heading control of underactuated unmanned surface vehicles arising from the nonlinear interference caused by the overlay and the interaction of multi interference, and also the uncertainties of model parameters, a heading control algorithm for an underactuated unmanned surface vehicle based on an improved backpropagation neural network is proposed. Based on applying optimization theory to realize that the underactuated unmanned surface vehicle tracks the desired yaw angle and maintains it, the improved momentum of weight is combined with an improved tracking differentiator to improve the robustness of the system and the dynamic property of the control. A hyperbolic tangent function is used to establish the nonlinear mappings an approximate method is adopted to summarize the general mathematical expressions, and the gradient descent method is applied to ensure the convergence. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of strong robustness, strong anti-interference and high control accuracy. Compared with two commonly used heading control algorithms, the accuracy of the heading control in the complex environment of the proposed algorithm is improved by more than 50%.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 1; 54-64
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aerial detection of contamination with the use of unmanned vehicles – development prospects
Autorzy:
Harmata, W.
Witczak, M.
Pietrzak, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30147312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
contamination detection
unmanned aerial vehicles
Opis:
Currently, the territory of the Republic of Poland faces a growing threat of contamination with its sources in catastrophes and technical failures in industrial plants (including nuclear power plants) and uncontrolled release of high-toxic chemicals during transport and, which cannot be excluded, terrorism. The increased level of threat resulting from, among others, those factors caused that the National Contamination Detection and Alerting Systems (KSWiA) with the Contamination Detection System of the Polish Armed Forces as the system coordinator was established in the Republic of Poland in 2006. This paper presents the outline of the aerial system of contamination detection, mainly its technical elements, based on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) carrying on board basic and special-purpose equipment. The elementary way of operating the system while performing tasks as well as requirements for its maintenance and handling have been proposed. Introduction of UAV systems would greatly increase the effectiveness of the Contamination Detection System of the Polish Armed Forces, but also other civilian functional subsystems of KSWSiA. There are many advantages to using them, such as no need to expose personnel to contamination and an enemy impact, high mobility, maneuverability and the capability to operate under difficult terrain conditions.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2018, 50, 1(187); 5-24
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aerodynamic and mechanical design of micro class UAV for aerodesign international competition
Autorzy:
Figur, K.
Lorenc, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
unmanned aerial vehicles
drone
Aero Design
aircraft design
bezzałogowy statek powietrzny
dron
projekt samolotu
Opis:
Aero Design is an annual student competition held by Society of Automotive Engineers in which the goal is to design and build a flying UAV capable of lifting the highest payload while observing lowest payload weight and fitting in a specified carrying case. The most important aspect in aircraft design is choosing suitable aerodynamic and mechanical configurations for example: aircraft and wing layout, airfoil with the correct Reynolds (in this case low) number, airframe, and landing gear construction. The article presents airfoil selection, trade studies, tail aerodynamic design, tail sizing, drag analysis, calculations of stability, stress analysis, propulsion selection and manufacturing of UAV prototype. In particular, the comparison of different aircraft designs, effect of taper ratio on lift distribution, the design of wings, lift vs. angle of attack curves and. angle of attack curves, the aircraft tail surfaces, fuselage design are presented in the article. The aim of this study was to perform analysis of aerodynamic and mechanical of Micro Class UAV for Aerodesign International Competition. All projects will be doing in a prototype technology demonstrator was built to confirm our assumptions about airfoil's performance. Flight tests were successful. Analytical model was made and put into an excel spreadsheet. Maximum predicted payload was estimated to be 5.5 pounds.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 1; 137-141
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aerodynamic characteristics of a straight wing with a spiroid wingtip device
Charakterystyka aerodynamiczna skrzydła prostego z urządzeniem spiroidalnym na końcówce skrzydła
Autorzy:
Kravchenko, Igor F.
Loginov, Vasyl V.
Ukrainets, Yevgene O.
Hluschenko, Pavlo A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36439637.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
lift drag ratio
flight range
flight duration
unmanned aerial vehicles
aerodynamic configuration
spiroid wingtip devices
spiroidalne końcówki skrzydeł
bezzałogowe statki powietrzne
doskonałość aerodynamiczna
zasięg lotu
długotrwałość lotu
konfiguracja aerodynamiczna
Opis:
Spiroid wingtip devices (WD) offer a promising way of improving the lift drag ratio of UAVs, but may on the other hand lead to negative aerodynamic interference of the wing with the WD and deterioration of the aerodynamic characteristics as compared to a wing without the WD. Determining the influence of the geometric parameters of a spiroid WD on aerodynamic wing characteristics, however, remains an understudied field. In our study, we investigated the influence of the following geometrical parameters on wing aerodynamic characteristics with WD: area, radius, camber angle, constriction, and pitch of the spiroid. We found that the positive effect of the WD is present at a relative radius r̅ > 0.05, as well as with an increase in the lift coefficient CL as a result of an increase in the proportion of inductive resistance. For example, with the Reynolds number Re = 2.1×105 for a rectangular wing with an aspect ratio θ = 5.12 equipped with a spiroid WD with r̅ = 0.15 the quality gain is almost 10% at CL = 0.5, and at CL = 0.7 is almost 20% and at CL = 0.7 - almost 20% compared to a wing without WD. Moreover, we found that a change in the camber angle WD θ provides an increase in the derivative of the lift coefficient with respect to the angle of attack in the range from θ = 0° to θ = 130°. By changing the camber angle, it is possible to increase the lift drag ratio of the layout up to 7.5% at θ = 90° compared to θ = 0° at the Reynolds number Re = 2.1×105. From the point of view of ensuring maximum lift drag ratio and minimum inductive drag, the angle θ = 90° is the most beneficial.
Spiroidalne końcówki skrzydeł (wingtip devices, WD) stanowią obiecującą metodę na poprawę współczynnika oporu aerodynamicznego bezzałogowych statków powietrznych (UAVs). Jednak z drugiej strony mogą prowadzić do negatywnej interferencji aerodynamicznej skrzydła z spiroidalną końcówką i pogorszenia charakterystyk aerodynamicznych w porównaniu do skrzydła bez końcówki. Określenie wpływu parametrów geometrycznych spiroidalnej końcówki na charakterystyki aerodynamiczne skrzydła pozostaje jednak nadal słabo zbadanym zagadnieniem. W pracy tej zbadano wpływ następujących parametrów geometrycznych na charakterystyki aerodynamiczne skrzydła z WD: powierzchnia, promień, kąt pochylenia, przewężenie i rzut spiroida. Stwierdziliśmy, że pozytywny wpływ WD występuje przy promieniu względnym r̅ > 0,05, jak również przy wzroście współczynnika siły nośnej CL w wyniku wzrostu udziału oporu indukowanego. Przykładowo, przy liczbie Reynoldsa Re = 2,1×105 dla skrzydła prostokątnego o wydłużeniu θ = 5,12 wyposażonego w spiroidalną końcówkę WD r̅ = 0,15 przyrost jakości wynosi przy CL = 0,5 prawie 10%, a przy CL = 0,7 prawie 20% i przy CL = 0,7 - prawie 20% w stosunku do skrzydła bez WD. Ponadto stwierdziliśmy, że zmiana kąta pochylenia WD θ zapewnia wzrost pochodnej współczynnika nośności względem kąta natarcia w zakresie od θ = 0° do θ = 130°. Poprzez zmianę kąta pochylenia możliwe jest zwiększenie doskonałości aerodynamicznej układu do 7,5% przy θ = 90° w stosunku do θ = 0° przy liczbie Reynoldsa Re = 2,1×105. Z punktu widzenia zapewnienia maksymalnej doskonałości aerodynamicznej i minimalnego oporu indukowanego kąt θ = 90° jest najkorzystniejszy.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2021, 2 (263); 46-62
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktualne regulacje prawa międzynarodowego i unijnego dotyczące eksploatacji bezzałogowych statków powietrznych
Current Regulations of International and European Union Law Concerning the Operation of Unmanned Aircraft
Autorzy:
Podraza, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3200737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-04-07
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas
Tematy:
prawo lotnicze
drony
ICAO
Unia Europejska
bezzałogowe statki powietrzne
aviation law
drones
European Union
unmanned aerial vehicles
Opis:
Bezzałogowy statek powietrzny (BSP) jest maszyną, która wykonuje swoje operacje lotnicze bez załogi na pokładzie. Jest on pilotowany zdalnie lub sterowany za pomocą systemów autonomicznych. Początkowo eksploatacja bezzałogowych statków powietrznych dotyczyła jedynie kwestii wojskowych. W miarę upływu czasu i rozwoju tego sektora znalazły one swoje zastosowanie również w innych dziedzinach naszego życia. Pandemia COVID-19, pożary, transport przesyłek, czy nawet organów do przeszczepu – wszędzie tam drony są niezwykle przydatne. Jednak aby tak się stało, potrzebne są odpowiednie regulacje prawne. Rozwijają się one na trzech płaszczyznach: międzynarodowej, unijnej i krajowej. Płaszczyzny te wzajemnie na siebie oddziałują i się uzupełniają. Pomimo to w dalszym ciągu na wielu polach brakuje odpowiednich regulacji prawnych. Wpływa to bezpośrednio na międzynarodowe bezpieczeństwo w przestrzeni powietrznej. Efektywne uregulowanie prawne tej tematyki to w chwili obecnej jedno z największych wyzwań takich organizacji jak ICAO czy Unia Europejska. W przyszłości sektor ten będzie nieustannie się rozwijał. Aby nie blokować jego rozwoju, przepisy prawne muszą przynajmniej za nim nadążać, w innym przypadku będą go hamować.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a machine that carries out its flight operations without a crew on board. It is remotely piloted or controlled by autonomous systems. Initially, their exploitation concerned only military matters. As time goes by and the development of this sector, unmanned aerial vehicles have also found their application in other areas of our lives. The COVID-19 pandemic, fires, transporting parcels or even organs for transplant - drones are extremely useful everywhere there. However, to make it happen, appropriate legal regulations are needed. They develop on three levels: international, union and national. These planes interact and complement each other. Despite this, there is still a lack of appropriate legal regulations in many areas. This has a direct impact on international air safety. Effective legal regulation of this subject is currently one of the greatest challenges for organizations such as ICAO or the European Union. In the future this sector will develop systematically. In order not to block its development, regulations must at least follow it, otherwise they will inhibit it.
Źródło:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa; 2023, 1(XXIII); 15-27
1644-9126
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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