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Wyszukujesz frazę "thermal engine" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Simultaneous measurement of evaporating fuel spray using laser induced exciplex fluorescence
Autorzy:
Martine--Martínez, S.
Sánchez-Cruz, F. A
Rodríguez-Morales, G.
Riesco-Ávila, J. M.
Gallegos-Munoz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
thermal engine
direct injection
liquid phase
vapour phase
penetration length
Opis:
A macroscopic analysis of experimental measurements offuel sprays penetration on evaporating conditions using the Laser Induced Fluorescence Planar technique is presented. A pure fuel and tracers have been used to determine the two-phase process of the spray by characterizing the wavelengths they display when excited by a laser beam. An experimental set-up based on a single cylinder engine [1, 2], an Nd:YAG laser, an image acquisition system and a system of injection common rail have been used to carry out the experimental processes. Experimental results show the behaviour of the vapour phase and liquid phase in the spray under different thermodynamic conditions and injection parameters in the combustion chamber, particularly the work-fluid density and the injection pressure were observed. The measurement of these parameters is of interest to design the combustion chamber geometry and the piston bowl features of modern direct injection Diesel engines. In particularly, the sschematic diagram and main components of the equipment, cross-sectional view of the cylinder head, experimental layout of PLIEF imaging tests and images, examples of the liquid phase and vapour phase penetration, maximum penetration of the liquid and vapour phase as function of the work fluid density, Maximum penetration of the phase as function of the work fluid density, maximum penetration of the liquid and vapour phase as function of the injection pressure are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 315-326
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of diesel engines thermal condition on fuel consumption and smoke of exhaust gases
Autorzy:
Pukalskas, S.
Pikunas, A.
Bureika, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engines fuel consumption
engine's thermal condition
temperature of engine's cooling liquid
smoke in exhaust
Opis:
The number of vehicles in the world is growing rapidly. Therefore, the global consumption of crude oil is increasing and its natural resources are being depleted. It causes the rise of oil fuel cost. Constantly rising energy prices and emironmental concerns have made energy saving the highest priority for transportation operators. The main goal of vehicles' operation is economy. The fuel consumption of the most popular internal combustion engines depends on various factors, and one of the most important of them is thermal condition. Energy or fuel saving is the main way to reduce operational expenses of vehicles. This paper aims to investigate fuel consumption of 1.9 liter volume direct injection diesel engine and to construct a diagram of the dependence of the amount of smoke in exhaust on the temperature of engine's operation. The temperature was fixed in the engine's crankcase, while the temperature of cooling liquid was measured at four points as well as during the engine's bench testing. Unexpected test results are obtained: when the temperature of exhaust gases rises above 70-75 °C, the amount of smoke increases by a few times. Finally, basic conclusions and recommendations are given.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 319-324
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of the influence of engine thermal state on the fuel consumption of passenger vehicles
Autorzy:
Adamski, W.
Polak, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
passenger vehicle
fuel consumption
engine thermal state
samochód osobowy
zużycie paliwa
stan cieplny silnika
Opis:
The paper presents the results of investigations of the fuel consumption of two vehicles performed for non-stabilized engine temperature in the start and warm up phases. The measurements were performed in a wide range of ambient temperatures from –18°C to +25°C. In order to obtain such conditions the tests were carried out in a climate chamber.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 2; 49-52
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of operation in piston–con–rod system of ship propulsion engine on the basis of harmonic torque
Autorzy:
Rosłanowski, J.
Charchalis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
criteria of mechanical and thermal load of the engine
tribological criteria of piston-crank combustion
engine system
Opis:
The following article includes the analysis of mechanical and thermal load criteria of combustion engine. Those criteria have been divided into tribological, technical in detail and technical in general. The above criteria have been related to piston-con-rod system, in which, two tribological centres were specified. One centre included, piston-piston rings and cylinder, in which, piston rings serve as labyrinth seal and the cylinder constitutes piston guides. Crank bearings and main bearings of engine crankshaft constitute the second centre. From the point of tribological view, piston-piston rings and cylinder constitute slide and thrust bearing lubricated hydrodynamically, while crankshaft bearings a-c-t as slide and journal bearings also lubricated hydrodynamically. In the description of thermal load of the above-mentioned tribological centres, special attention was paid to criteria that ensure their motion reliability and durability of engine operation. Whereas in the description of mechanical load of elements constituting investigated centres, some criteria were determined resulting from their functionality and fatigue strength of the material they were made of. Criteria of thermal loads were based on mean density flux of heat conducted through the walls of engine elements, paying attention to their low precision of evaluation. It has been emphasized that synthetic criteria indicators are the most precise. They are determined on the basis of engine load measurements during its operation. Those criteria allow us to describe the operating process of con-rod-piston diesel engines and at the same time it is possible to expose their technical condition which is of essential practical meaning. The wear process of tribological centres that takes place during operating in piston-con-rod system, affects the course of engine working process and its techno-economic indicators.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 390-395
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Material consumption criteria of piston – con – rod elements system of combustion engine
Autorzy:
Rosłanowski, J.
Charchalis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
criteria of mechanical and thermal load of the engine
tribological criteria of piston-crank combustion
engine system
Opis:
The following article includes the analysis of mechanical and thermal load criteria of combustion engine. Those criteria have been divided into tribological, technical in detail and technical in general. The above criteria have been related to piston-con-rod system, in which, two tribological centres were specified. One centre included, piston-piston rings and cylinder, in which, piston rings serve as labyrinth seal and the cylinder constitutes piston guides. Crank bearings and main bearings of engine crankshaft constitute the second centre. From the point of tribological view, piston-piston rings and cylinder constitute slide and thrust bearing lubricated hydrodynamically, while crankshaft bearings a-c-t as slide and journal bearings also lubricated hydrodynamically. In the description of thermal load of the above-mentioned tribological centres, special attention was paid to criteria that ensure their motion reliability and durability of engine operation. Whereas in the description of mechanical load of elements constituting investigated centres, some criteria were determined resulting from their functionality and fatigue strength of the material they were made of. Criteria of thermal loads were based on mean density flux of heat conducted through the walls of engine elements, paying attention to their low precision of evaluation. It has been emphasized that synthetic criteria indicators are the most precise. They are determined on the basis of engine load measurements during its operation. Those criteria allow us to describe the operating process of con-rod-piston diesel engines and at the same time it is possible to expose their technical condition which is of essential practical meaning. The wear process of tribological centres that takes place during operating in piston-con-rod system, affects the course of engine working process and its techno-economic indicators.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 397-403
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis and research of piston working conditions of combustion engine in high thermal load conditions
Autorzy:
Jankowska-Sieminska, B.
Jankowski, A.
Slezak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
piston
thermal load
thermal expansion
thermal shock
Opis:
Explanation of phenomena occurring in pistons of combustion engines which appear during heating and cooling processes in reference to standard materials and composite materials of high material proprieties is aim of the paper. Bring over researches were mostly directed on measurements of difference dimensions which appear during the piston work in the combustion engine. The paper concentrates on phenomenon of different proprieties of materials. The thermal stresses and shocks differ. In the thermal shock, thermal stresses are caused by instantaneous temperature gradients which appear at high engine speed. These stresses are determined thro temperature distribution and they do not differ from stresses in steady-state conditions. Researches concerning thermal expansions were performed by means of sensitive dilatometer which can work in simple and differential system. Changes of dimensions versus temperature function were measured with inductive sensor and the sensitive Pt-ptrh thermocouple, and results were referred to reference material-Platinum. Research results are illustrated on diagrams of different courses of changes of the of thermal expansion coefficient during heating and cooling of standard and composite materials. Values of the thermal expansion coefficient a for the heating and cooling are smaller for composite alloys. The course of the coefficient â during cooling can be higher or lower from the coefficient a during heating. Similar values were also received. Maximum differences were of 10%. Smaller values of the coefficient a for composite alloys cause that for such the same thermal loads temperature gradients will be smaller for composite alloys. Courses of changes of the coefficient â have a different characteristics suited from chemical composition of alloy, granularity of the composite component and thermal treatment.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 233-243
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal loads of engines for different properties of commercial fuels
Autorzy:
Sroka, Z. J.
Reksa, M.
Miksiewicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engine
thermal loads
fuels
Opis:
It is oblivious, various properties of fuels cause different thermal loads of engines. Question is, how big is this effect and what fuel compound and its property play insignificant part. This paper is focused on problem of quality of diesel commercial fuels in Polish market and it is a challenge to find answer for question mentioned above. The academic staff from Wroclaw University of Technology organized tests with different commercial fuels. Chemical and physical properties of these fuels were studied and used for investigation to define relationships between them and thermal load during simulation process. All researches were done in the lab of Division of Motor Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines at the Wroclaw University of Technology. Tests have showed differences in chemical and physical properties of fuels, but there is no statistics effect on engine parameters. Results have not also pointed any important differences in thermal loads of engine VW1,9 TDI and its components according to different physical and chemical properties of tested fuels. It is probably because there are differences of calorific values from one side but from other hands various density and specific fuel consumption compensated these differences. To burn unit of fuel contains higher level of oxygen, engine needs lower amount of air, so it gives, for the same fuelling system, lean mixture. It causes higher temperature of exhaust gases and a bit higher exhaust losses
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 463-467
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Verification of the precise position of the aircraft in air navigation based on the solution of the RTK-OTF technique
Autorzy:
Kowalski, M.
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
internal combustion engine
Diesel engine
engine piston
composite alloy
thermal stability
Opis:
Certain results of the comparative studies of the high-speed Diesel engine V-12 of the “W” series were presented in the article. The engine was modernised in regard of possibilities to achieve better performances at specific fuel consumption, smaller exhaust emission, smaller scavenge, lower noise and better thermal stability. The subject of this work is the piston cast of novel composite silumin. The development of novel composite silumin (aluminium-silicon alloy), which contains a little more Copper and Nickel, and the introduction of novel alloyed elements, such as Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, increases the strength of the alloy and its thermal stability during successive heating and cooling. The pistons made of this alloy may have a little bigger outside diameter than the pistons made of PA-12 standard alloy, and a smaller clearance between the piston and cylinder liner. The pistons made of standard and novel alloy were mounted successively in the "W" engine. The full load and part load curves were determined. The lubrication oil consumption, fuel consumption, exhaust emission, blow-by and noise were determined too. The article presents the results of the above-mentioned research. The novel composite alloy enables further engine modernization because the engine should operate at higher pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 99-108
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research performance of novel design of diesel engine
Autorzy:
Kowalski, M.
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
internal combustion engine
Diesel engine
engine piston
composite alloy
thermal stability
Opis:
Certain results of the comparative studies of the high-speed Diesel engine V-12 of the “W” series were presented in the article. The engine was modernised in regard of possibilities to achieve better performances at specific fuel consumption, smaller exhaust emission, smaller scavenge, lower noise and better thermal stability. The subject of this work is the piston cast of novel composite silumin. The development of novel composite silumin (aluminium-silicon alloy), which contains a little more Copper and Nickel, and the introduction of novel alloyed elements, such as Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, increases the strength of the alloy and its thermal stability during successive heating and cooling. The pistons made of this alloy may have a little bigger outside diameter than the pistons made of PA-12 standard alloy, and a smaller clearance between the piston and cylinder liner. The pistons made of standard and novel alloy were mounted successively in the "W" engine. The full load and part load curves were determined. The lubrication oil consumption, fuel consumption, exhaust emission, blow-by and noise were determined too. The article presents the results of the above-mentioned research. The novel composite alloy enables further engine modernization because the engine should operate at higher pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 99-108
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testing of internal combustion engines of motorcycles with the use of thermal imaging methods
Autorzy:
Magdziak-Tokłowicz, M.
Skrętowicz, M.
Wróbel, R.
Sroka, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
thermal analysis
thermography
thermal research of motorcycles
Opis:
The internal combustion engine should be rated for the thermal loads that come from different sources. Thermal analysis is important both for design purposes and for evaluating the conditions of its use. Very good results are obtained by a combination of non-invasive measurement techniques, such as research using infrared thermal imaging techniques [3, 11]. The purpose of the study was to determine the engine thermal load by evaluating the average temperature on the outside surface of the engine at many of its points for two selected motorcycle engines with similar displacement capacities. For many reasons, such as ecology, durability, engine strength and thermal performance when heating and cooling are critical. To accomplish this task, a thermographic technique for indirect evaluation has been used, thus creating the possibility of measuring the temperature in a dynamic manner. These are accurate measurements and most importantly do not interfere with the construction of the object under investigation. The engine was tested during operation according to external and load characteristics. As a result of the work, graphs of temperature curves of heating and cooling of the tested engines were compiled. The article presents a methodology for measuring the temperature fields of outer surface engines. The collected material will be used in the future for studying the equable load on the cylinders, and as accurately as possible determine the conditions of movement such as power, revolutions, flow rates, temperatures and pressures.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 181-186
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increase of efficiency of SI engine through the implementation of thermodynamic cycle with additional expansion
Autorzy:
Noga, M.
Sendyka, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative five-stroke engine cycle
Carnot cycle
Otto cycle
five-stroke engine
additional expansion
increase of thermal efficiency of the five-stroke engine cycle
Opis:
The paper presents the theoretical basis and practical implementation of the concept of a five-stroke cycle where an additional expansion of the working medium is achieved in a separate cylinder. The work, carried out at the Cracow University of Technology, constitutes a development of the idea of five-stroke engine. This paper proposes a new theoretical thermodynamic cycle that describes the processes occurring in a five-stroke engine. It has been taken into consideration that the expansion ratio of the engine is twice the compression ratio. At the next step an analysis of the thermodynamic cycle with particular emphasis on its thermal efficiency compared to efficiency of four-stroke engine has been shown. In the second part of the article selected research results of the five-stroke engine built based on the existing four-cylinder spark ignition engine have been presented. A comparison of the total efficiency obtained by the engine in the four- and five-stroke version has been provided. Similar comparisons for specific emission of the selected exhaust components have also been given.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2014, 62, 2; 349-355
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling the thermal loads in the Subaru EJ25 engine
Autorzy:
Wendeker, M.
Magryta, P.
Majczak, A.
Biały, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
modelling
thermal model
ABAQUS
piston engine
Opis:
The research focuses on the solutions to avoid overheating the intake and exhaust valves due to engine overload. Subaru EJ25 engines are currently mounted in passenger cars such as Subaru Impreza but the author's innovative idea is to use them in small passenger airplanes. The paper describes the coupled thermo - mechanical load model of a supercharged Subaru EJ25 engine. The engine piston was tested thermally and mechanically, and the intake and exhaust valves only thermally. The calculations were done using the finite element method (FEM) in ABAQUS 6.10. Parts where divided into Hex and Tet mesh elements, depending of their geometry. The models used in the simulation were previously created using CATIA v5. Because there were only separate parts, the authors used only Part Module. The process of 3D scanning based on the method of reverse engineering was for fine mapping the surface of the examined parts, e.g. a piston. The boundary conditions and material properties are based on the literature and the information provided by the companies that sell spare parts for this engine. The simulations were done for varied heating times and mechanical load (25, 50, 100, 250, 400 seconds).
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 683-688
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of strength, thermal expansion and engine of novel pistons for combustion engines
Autorzy:
Siemińska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243623.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
engine pistons
novel alloys
novel materials
thermal expansion
Opis:
Pistons of internal-combustion engines work in the conditions of high mechanical and thermal loads. The typical alloy materials applied on pistons of internal-combustion engines have inadequate parameters for such applications. It mainly refers to the fatigue strength of the mechanical and thermal character and to the thermal shocks. In relation with fact that the piston of internal-combustion engine has unsymmetrical shape, that in every case of the piston temperature increase the unequal deformations appear and stresses related with this, what causes fatigue loads of the piston structure. The paper presents special demands, which pistons of contemporary of internal-combustion engines must fulfil with respect to strength, thermal and useful properties, mirrored in the engine work parameters, like engine oil consumption, fuel consumption, noise, gas blow by to the crankcase and the emission of toxic exhaust elements, mainly hydrocarbons. One turned attention on the new material that can be used in manufacture of pistons for the internal-combustion engines, which is the carbon material. In the article the results of research for the mechanical, thermal and engine properties are submitted for the pistons manufactured from a new material. On the emphasis deserve fact, that the application of new materials permits on the obtainment of the small difference in the coefficient of linear thermal expansion during the heating and the cooling, that will bring many profitable effects of both functional and useful nature.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 471-478
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Coefficient of thermal expansion as a component quality estimation of alloys on pistons of combustion engines
Autorzy:
Sieminska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
engine pistons
thermal expansion
coefficient of thermal expansion
Opis:
The aim of realized works in the area of materials on pistons is: low thermal expansion, small differences of coefficient of thermal expansion between heating and cooling, high stiffness at elevated temperatures, high hardness and wear resistance. Changes in thermal expansion coefficient during heating and cooling may be very large, as well as during subsequent cycles of heating and cooling of an internal combustion engine pis ton with respect to standard silumin alloys usedfor pistons of internal combustion engines. The paper presents: coefficient of linear expansion a for the AlSi standard alloy, coefficient of linear expansion a for the AlSi alloy with the apositive differences between cooling and heating, coefficient of linear expansion a for the AlSi alloy with the a negative differences between cooling and heating, coefficient of linear expansion a for the AlSi alloy with the apositive and negative differences between cooling and heating, coefficient of linear expansion a for the AlSi alloy with the apositive, negative and positive differences between cooling and heating, coefficient of linear expansion a for the AlSi alloy with the very small a differences between cooling and heating, coefficient relative elongation as afunction of temperature with the positive elongation differences between cooling and heating, coefficient relative elongation with the very small elongation differences between cooling and heating, coefficient the course of derivative as a function of temperature (T) during heating and cooling with the positive elongation differences.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 575-583
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal degradation process of semi-synthetic fuels for gas turbine engines in non-aeronautical applications
Autorzy:
Sarnecki, Jarosław
Białecki, Tomasz
Gawron, Bartosz
Głąb, Jadwiga
Kamiński, Jarosław
Kulczycki, Andrzej
Romanyk, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
gas turbine engine
thermal stability
bio-fuels
thermal degradation process
Opis:
This article concerns the issue of thermal degradation process of fuels, important from the perspective of the operation of turbine engines, especially in the context of new fuels/bio-fuels and their implementation. The studies of the kerosenebased jet fuel (Jet A-1) and its blends with synthetic components manufactured according to HEFA and ATJ technology, were presented. Both technologies are currently approved by ASTM D7566 to produce components to be added to turbine fuels. Test rig investigations were carried out according to specific methodology which reflects the phenomena taking place in fuel systems of turbine engines. The mechanism of thermal degradation process was assessed on the basis of test results for selected properties, IR spectroscopy and calculation of activation energy. The results show that with the increase of the applied temperature there is an increment of the content of solid contaminants, water and acid for all tested fuels. Thermal degradation process is different for conventional jet fuel when compared to blends, but also semi-synthetic fuels distinguished by different thermal stability depending on a given manufacturing technology.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2019, 1; 65-71
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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