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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 38
Tytuł:
Decomposition of tars in microwave plasma – preliminary results
Autorzy:
Wnukowski, M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
tar
gasification
microwave plasma
Opis:
The paper refers to the main problem connected with biomass gasification - a presence of tar in a product gas. This paper presents preliminary results of tar decomposition in a microwave plasma reactor. It gives a basic insight into the construction and work of the plasma reactor. During the experiment, researches were carried out on toluene as a tar surrogate. As a carrier gas for toluene and as a plasma agent, nitrogen was used. Flow rates of the gases and the microwave generator’s power were constant during the whole experiment. Results of the experiment showed that the decomposition process of toluene was effective because the decomposition efficiency attained above 95%. The main products of tar decomposition were light hydrocarbons and soot. The article also gives plans for further research in a matter of tar removal from the product gas.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2014, 15, 3; 23-28
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of aromatic fractions of low-temperature coal tars with the use of synchronous luminescence technique
Autorzy:
Matuszewska, A.
Czaja, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1204923.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
synchronous luminescence
coal primary tar
Opis:
The qualitative analysis by synchronous luminescence technique was performed on aromatic fractions of primary tars obtained from humic and sapropelic coals (from Upper Silesia Basin). The synchronous luminescence technique, called also the technique of spectral fractionation, consists in the record of a spectrum at the constant difference between the positions of emission and excitation monochromators (Dl). This difference is calculated as a result of subtraction of effective emission and excitation wavelengths characterising compounds identified in investigated mixture. In relation with conventional luminescence technique, giving broad, low resolved bands in the conditions of ambient temperature, the synchronous luminescence technique enables to obtain well resolved and simplified spectra that facilitate the identification of individual components of the mixture. The application of this technique to analysis of aromatic fractions composition of primary tars from coals of various genesis and technological properties (sapropelic and humic coals) has shown a general similarity of composition with predomination of aromatic compounds containing 2-4 condensed rings. In the sample derived from sapropelic coal, a markedly higher intensity of bands is observed, attributed to aromatics of lower condensation degree (2-3 condensed rings), in relation with the bands of aromatics with higher intensity (3-4 condensed rings). The reverse relation is observed for sample from humic coal. In both analysed samples, a series of the following individual compounds has been identified from groups of aromatics: naphthalenes, acenaphthenes, benzofluorenes, anthracenes, pyrenes, and benz(a)anthracenes. Smaller amounts of benz(a)pyrenes, benz(ghi)perylene, and 3, 4-9, 10-dibenzopyrene were also encountered. The technique of synchronous luminescence made possible, therefore, the identification of individual components of complex mixture of aromatic compounds in coal derived products. This technique is thus of great value for the characteristics of aromatic compounds in thermolysis products of coal, in the cognitive aspect, as well as in monitoring of environment.
Źródło:
Polish Geological Institute Special Papers; 2002, 7; 181-188
1507-9791
Pojawia się w:
Polish Geological Institute Special Papers
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wood Tar Production Without the Use of Ceramic Vessels: Experimental Archaeology in Grodzisko Żmijowiska
Autorzy:
Lis, Paweł
Wasilczyk, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1774405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-24
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
archaeological experiments
distillation of wood tar
tar production without the use of ceramic vessels
Opis:
Several pits, the remains of wood tar production using the so-called ‘vessel-less method’, were discovered in the Lublin region. They contained objects related to the early Middle Ages. These discoveries were used as the base for experiments run in 2013 in the experimental archaeology centre at Grodzisko Żmijowiska. The first experiment involved the acquisition of wood tar from birch bark, while the other attempts were aimed at extracting tar from pine stumpwood. The experiments were conducted in a shallow pit that was plastered with clay and had a small depression at its bottom used as a container for the tar, separated from the pit by a clay strainer. The raw material gathered in the pit was covered with a clay dome. When the dome was dry, it was slowly heated up with burning wood to the right temperature which was checked inside the dome with a thermocouple. Both processes were conducted successfully. The results were compared with experiments focused on the production of wood tar using the two-vessel method known in the early Middle Ages. The comparison showed that the vessel-less method is less economical due to the amount of fuel used and almost three times less efficient in terms of the raw material to final product ratio. However, it is very simple technically and allows the effective production of wood tar.
Źródło:
Światowit; 2020, 59; 135-139
0082-044X
Pojawia się w:
Światowit
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metody stosowane w usuwaniu związków smół z gazu otrzymanego ze zgazowania biomasy – praca przeglądowa
Methods used in tar removal from biomass gasification gas – a review
Autorzy:
Wnukowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
biomass
gasification
tar
biomasa
zgazowanie
smoły
Opis:
The main problem with the biomass gasification is the presence of tar compounds in the process gas. Use of the produced gas in thermal machines such as internal combustion engines or turbines requires deep gas cleansing. For this purpose, several methods, characterized by varying degrees of effectiveness and complexity, are applied, namely: mechanical, thermal, plasma, catalytic, primary and mixed methods. The article presents the problems connected with the presence of tar and describes a wide range of methods used to remove it.
Podstawowym problemem związanym ze zgazowaniem biomasy jest obecność związków smół w gazach procesowych. Zastosowanie gazu generatorowego w maszynach cieplnych, takich jak silniki wewnętrznego spalania czy turbiny, wymaga głębokiego oczyszczenia gazu. W tym celu stosuje się wiele metod charakteryzujących się różną skutecznością i stopniem skomplikowania.Należą do nich metody: mechaniczne, termiczne, plazmowe, katalityczne, pierwotne oraz mieszane. W artykule przedstawiono problematykę związaną z występowaniem smół w gazie generatorowym oraz opisano szeroki zakres metod stosowanych w celu ich usunięcia.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2016, 18, 2; 17-34
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A microwave plasma potential in producer gas cleaning — preliminary results with a gas derived from a sewage sludge
Autorzy:
Kordylewski, W.
Michalski, J.
Ociepa, M.
Wnukowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175493.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sewage sludge
gasification
tar
microwave plasma
Opis:
The paper presents an attempt to evaluate the impact of coal and coal mine methane cocombustion on the physics of the heat exchange in an 140 t/h pulverized-coal boiler through an analysis of 21 combinations of the boiler operating parameters – three different boiler loads (50, 75, and 100%) and seven values of the fired gas thermal contribution (0–60%). The obtained results are the temperature distribution of flue gas and steam in the boiler characteristic points, the heat transfer coefficient values for the boiler individual elements expressing the nature of changes in the heat transfer and the change in the boiler efficiency depending on how much gas is actually fired. An increase in the amount of co-fired gas involves a temperature increase along the flue gas path. This is the effect of the reduction in the amount of heat collected by the evaporator in the furnace. For these reason, the flue gas temperature at the furnace outlet rises by 9 K on average per a 0.1 increment in the fired gas thermal contribution. The temperature rise improves the heat transfer in the boiler heat exchangers – for the first- and the secondstage superheater the improvement totals 2.8% at a 10 pp. increase in the fired gas thermal contribution. However, the rise in the flue gas temperature at the boiler outlet involves a drop in the boiler efficiency (by 0.13 pp. for a rise in the fired gas thermal contribution by 0.1).
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2017, 137; 19-39
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Asymetria w transmisji cen pszenicy paszowej między rynkiem polskim i niemieckim
Asymmetric price transmission between Polish and German feed wheat markets
Autorzy:
Hamulczuk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
Polska
Niemcy
rynek zbozowy
pszenica
ceny
transmisja pozioma cen
asymetria
model TAR
model M-TAR
model ECM
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2015, 35, 1
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zawartość substancji smolistych w papierosach sprzedawanych w Polsce w latach 1983–2000
Autorzy:
Zatoński, Witold A.
Przewoźniak, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
tar, cigarettes sold in Poland, time trends
Opis:
The content of tar in cigarettes sold in Poland in the years 1983–2000Cigarette smoke contains over forty carcinogenic compounds, including tar that is evaluated as carcinogen A for human beings. The World Health Organization recommends reduction of carcinogenic and toxic substances in cigarettes as one of the elements in cancer control programs and tobacco control policies. In the beginning of 1990s, the Polish norm for tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide was first time enforced in Poland. This paper makes an attempt to collect available data on the content of tar in cigarettes sold in Polish market between 1983 and 2000, analyze time trends for average tar content in these cigarettes, compare Polish data with study results from Unites States, Finland and other Central and Eastern European countries, and evaluate whether tobacco product control measures that have been enforced at that time contributed to reduction of tar in cigarettes sold in Poland and what was its potential impact on time trends in lung cancer mortality in the last decades.
Źródło:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie; 2009, 7, 2
2084-2627
Pojawia się w:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cerium-Promoted Nickel /Alumina Catalyst for Producer Gas Reforming and Tar Conversion
Autorzy:
Aljbour, Salah H.
Kawamoto, Katsuya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
cerium
nickel
tar
naphthalene
catalyst
gasification
reforming
Opis:
The catalytic conversion of a model tar compound, namely: naphthalene contained in a simulated producer gas from wood gasification process was investigated. The sol-gel approach was used to create a mesoporous Cepromoted Ni/alumina catalyst with high surface area. A surface area of 333 m2g was achieved by calcination of the mesoporous catalyst (17 wt% Ni and 2.8 wt% Ce) under air conditions at 1123 K. The catalysts were characterized using the N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, and SEM techniques, and their promotion effect on producer gas reforming and tar removal was studied under dry, steam, and partial oxidation conditions. The Ni-based catalysts effectively converted naphthalene and increased the proportion of H2 and CO in the reformed gas. Incorporating Ce into the catalyst increased the proportion of H2 and CO in the reformed gas, while lowering the amount of CH4 and CO2. In the absence of oxygen, catalytic reforming of the producer gas resulted in 79.6% naphthalene conversion, whereas catalytic partial oxidation conditions resulted in 99.1% naphthalene conversion.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 6; 58--66
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kinga Paraskiewicz, Irańskie nomina agentis z sufiksem -tar (recenzja)
Kinga Paraskiewicz, Irańskie nomina agentis z sufiksem -tar (review)
Autorzy:
Kanarkowski, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/578189.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Orientalistyczne
Tematy:
Iranian linguistics
Persian derivation
nomen agentis in -tar
Opis:
Review of the book: Kinga Paraskiewicz, Irańskie nomina agentis z sufiksem -tar, Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2014.
Źródło:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny; 2016, 3-4; 395-397
0033-2283
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Piecewise linear luz(...) and tar(...) projections. Part 2 - Application in modelling of dynamic systems with freeplay and friction
Przedziałami liniowe odwzorowania luz (...) i tar (...). Cz. 2 - Zastosowanie w modelowaniu układów dynamicznych z luzem i tarciem
Autorzy:
Żardecki, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280319.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
MBS
tarcie
projektowanie luz i tar
zjawisko stick-slip
modelowanie układów mechanicznych
modelling
stick-slip
luz(...) and tar(...) projection
Opis:
The paper presents the idea and examples of application of a new method to the modelling of mechanical systems with freeplay and friction. This method bases on the piecewise linear luz(...) and tar(...) projections and their original mathematical apparatus. It is very useful for synthesis of simulation models and description of the stick slip phenomenon in multi body systems.
Artykuł przedstawia ideę i przykłady zastosowania nowej metody modelowania układów mechanicznych z luzem i tarciem. Metoda bazuje na przedziałami liniowych odwzorowaniach luz ( ... ) i tar ( ... ) oraz ich oryginalnym aparacie matematycznym. Metoda jest bardzo użyteczna dla syntezy modeli symulacyjnych i opisu zjawiska stick-slip w układach wielomasowych.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2006, 44, 1; 185-202
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 38

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