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Tytuł:
Modelling of Heat Transfer at the Solid to Solid Interface
Autorzy:
Rywotycki, M.
Malinowski, Z.
Falkus, J.
Sołek, K.
Szajding, A.
Miłkowska-Piszczek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat transfer
inverse method
solid - solid interface
Opis:
In technological process of steel industry heat transfer is a very important factor. Heat transfer plays an essential role especially in rolling and forging processes. Heat flux between a tool and work piece is a function of temperature, pressure and time. A methodology for the determination of the heat transfer at solid to solid interface has been developed. It involves physical experiment and numerical methods. The first one requires measurements of the temperature variations at specified points in the two samples brought into contact. Samples made of C45 and NC6 steels have been employed in physical experiment. One of the samples was heated to an initial temperature of: 800°C, 1000°C and 1100°C. The second sample has been kept at room temperature. The numerical part makes use of the inverse method for calculating the heat flux and at the interface. The method involves the temperature field simulation in the axially symmetrical samples. The objective function is bulled up as a dimensionless error norm between measured and computed temperatures. The variable metric method is employed in the objective function minimization. The heat transfer coefficient variation in time at the boundary surface is approximated by cubic spline functions. The influence of pressure and temperature on the heat flux has been analysed. The problem has been solved by applying the inverse procedure and finite element method for the temperature field simulations. The self-developed software has been used. The simulation results, along with their analysis, have been presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 341-346
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of combustion of qualified composite fuel for the transitional period in the household and communal sector in Poland
Autorzy:
Bembenek, Michał
Dzik, Tomasz
Smyła, Jarosław
Kozłowski, Artur
Wojtas, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
microbriquette
environmentally friendly fuel
solid fuel
composite solid fuel
qualified solid fuel
roller press
Opis:
The article presents the results of laboratory combustion tests of the microbriquette obtained from useless coal (grain class of < 5 mm) generated in the production of “eco-pea” (eko-groszek) coal. The briquettes of 1.5 and 2.5 cm3 were made in a roller press of crushed coal granulation down to 2 mm, mixed with a binder and/or catalytic additives and sorbents, then dried to final moisture of about 7%. The tests were carried out on a specially designed stand enabling to determine the differential curve of the weight loss of samples heated to the ignition temperature and then burnt with laminar airflow by natural chimney draft. Comparative tests were carried out with ecopea coal from the “ZG Sobieski” mine. The results indicate that composite fuels, in the form of microbriquette, ignite faster, burn at a higher temperature and leave less ash when burned than lump coal. The greater reactivity of the briquette concerning the lump coal allows for minimizing the air rate by about 10%, which also reduces the exhaust gas volume by the same amount and the stack losses. It reduces the velocity of dust lifting, which leads to the reduction of their emission.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2022, 4 (30); Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of the Model Selected Parameter Measurement Error on the Accuracy of Heat Transfer Coefficient Determination Method for Contact between Rolls and the Cast Strand
Autorzy:
Rywotycki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat transfer
inverse solution
solid to solid interface
Opis:
The paper presents a heat transfer model between two surfaces which are in contact under an external force. The developed heat transfer boundary condition model has been obtained using a new methodology for determining heat flux transferred between two solid surfaces. The methodology consists of two parts: experimental and numerical one. The experimental part involves measurements of temperature at specific points in two samples brought into contact. The numerical part uses an inverse method and the finite element method to calculate the heat flux at the interface.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 4; 2061-2070
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A MILP Model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem
Autorzy:
Korcyl, Antoni
Książek, Roger
Gdowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
municipal solid waste collection system
solid waste segregated collection
MILP
rich VRP
Solid Waste Management
Opis:
Nowadays, selective solid waste management in the European Union belongs to important responsibilities of municipalities. In Solid Waste Management (SWM) the main operational task is to set a schedule for solid waste collection and to find optimal routes for garbage trucks, so that the total costs of the solid waste collection service can be minimized, subject to a series of constraints which not only guarantee the fulfillment of the SWM’s obligations but also ensure the desirable quality level of that service. The optimization in garbage truck routing belongs to so called rich Vehicle Routing Problems as it aims to cover the following constraints: pickup nodes (clients) must be visited during their predefined time windows; the number and capacity of depots and specialized sorting units cannot be exceeded; each garbage truck can be assigned to at most one depot; each route should be dedicated to collecting one type of segregated solid waste, and the route must be served by a garbage truck which can collect that type of solid waste; the availability of garbage trucks and their drivers must be respected; each garbage truck must be drained at a specialized sorting unit before going back to the depot. This paper contributes a newly developed Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem (MSWSCRP) with time windows, limited heterogeneous fleet, and different types of segregated solid waste to be collected separately. Results obtained for solving small-sized instance of the MSWSCRP are reported.
Źródło:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services; 2019, 13, 1-2; 17-35
1896-8325
2300-7087
Pojawia się w:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The greatest regular-solid variety of semigroups % Dedicated to R. McKenzies 60$^th$ birthday %
Autorzy:
Denecke, Klaus
Koppitz, Jörg
Pabhapote, Nittiya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/728806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
hypersubstitutions
terms
regular-solid variety
solid variety
finite axiomatizability
Opis:
A regular hypersubstitution is a mapping which takes every $n_i$-ary operation symbol to an $n_i$-ary term. A variety is called regular-solid if it contains all algebras derived by regular hypersubstitutions. We determine the greatest regular-solid variety of semigroups. This result will be used to give a new proof for the equational description of the greatest solid variety of semigroups. We show that every variety of semigroups which is finitely based by hyperidentities is also finitely based by identities.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2008, 28, 1; 91-119
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model of heating and incineration of waste material single particle
Autorzy:
Jaworski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
spalanie
paliwo stałe
odpady stałe
combustion
solid fuel
solid waste
Opis:
This paper presents a review of literature dealing with the combustion of a single solid fuel particle, as well as a model of combustion of solid waste particle. Two cases were analysed: • Heating of a single fuel particle without chemical reaction, • Heating of a single fuel particle with endothermic and exothermic reactions. • The degassing process was omitted in this analysis. The first version of calculation was dedicated to the heating process of a sphere of diameter 2R with no inner heat sources and with uniform initial temperature tp placed in the surrounding volume of temperature tos. The assumption was that the convection heat transfer coefficient was known and constant. The calculation procedure was based on the paper [2]. Following parameters of a solid waste particle were taken into account: density, heat condustion coefficient, heat capacity, and their influence on the heating time and temperature was shown. It was observed that the increase of heat capacity and density of the particle increases the heating time while the increase of heat conduction coefficient leads to the opposite effect [3]. The influence of heat conduction coefficient on the temperature history inside the particle is shown on Fig.1 (apparent density 2000kg/m3, heat capacity 1000 J/kg K, volume temperature 9000C).
Praca obejmuje przeglad literaturowy modeli spalania pojedynczego ziarna paliwa stałego wraz z opracowaniem modelu spalania pojedynczego ziarna paliwa stałego formowanego na bazie odpadów stałych w dwóch wariantach: • nagrzewanie pojedynczego ziarna paliwa bez reakcji chemicznej, • nagrzewania pojedynczego ziarna z reakcja endotermiczna i egzotermiczna. W obu przypadkach proces odgazowania został pominiety. Pierwszy wariant obliczen obejmował przypadek nagrzewania jednorodnej kuli bez wewnetrznych zródeł ciepła, o poczatkowej wyrównanej temperaturze przeniesionej nagle w osrodku o danej temperaturze przy czym znany był współczynnik wnikania ciepła 1. . W obliczeniach symulowano wpływ zmian własciwosci fizyko-chemicznych paliwa takich jak: gestosc, współczynnik przewodzenia ciepła i pojemnosc cieplna (wielkosci te zostały zawarte w przedziałach odpowiadajacych wartosciom dla ró6nych odpadów) na czas i temperature nagrzewania. Podczas rozwa6ania nagrzewania ziarna bez reakcji chemicznej brano pod uwage jedynie przepływ ciepła obejmujacy wnikanie ciepła od osrodka do ziarna oraz przewodzenie ciepła w głab analizowanej czastki. W wariancie drugim w procesie wnikania ciepła uwzglednione zostały ponadto reakcje wystepujace na powierzchni ziarna i wewnatrz pór. Bilans cieplny został wzbogacony poprzez wprowadzenie entalpii reakcji dla dwóch odrebnych przypadków: reakcji egzotermicznej i endotermicznej.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2011, 13, 2; 47-58
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of setting locations for municipal solid waste collection points in protected areas
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Religa, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
municipal solid waste collection point
GIS
AHP
Opis:
According to the amendment to the Act on maintaining cleanliness and order in communes, a stationary a municipal solid waste collection point (MSWCP) must be established in each Polish commune or commune union and situated close to the commune center. This point (MSWCP) should exist in the commune (or commune union), which are covered in 100% by protected zone. These objects are a new element in managing of the stream of municipal solid waste in Poland, known in the European countries as “household waste recycling centers” (HWRC). The aim of the work was developing the procedure with the use of tools enabling setting potential locations for MSWCPs in protected areas. The developed method was applied (for verification of the assumptions) in the process of seeking optimal locations for MSWCPs in the communes located in the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚNP) protection zone. The paper presents the methodology for setting locations for municipal solid waste collection points. A method was developed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS). It was possible to designate between 98 and 191 potential locations of MSWCPs in the communes situated in the ŚNP protection zone. The assumed criterion of maximum distance from the commune center eliminated 85% of locations. Optimal locations for MSWCPs in each commune were determined using AHP method. The main results of this research was to establish of MSWCP location for every commune in analyzed protected zone, based on the proposed methodology. The method presented in the paper may be a tool for the environment impact assessment of these investments.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/3; 1603-1614
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leachates Recirculation Impact on the Stabilization of the Solid Wastes – A Review
Autorzy:
Hussein, Omar Amer
Ibrahim, Jathwa Abd-Alkareem
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
solid waste management
leachate recirculation
landfill leachate
solid waste stabilisation
Opis:
In most countries, controlled landfills are currently the most common disposal method for municipal solid wastes (MSWs). Despite many benefits, the generation of heavily contaminated leachate with substantial differences in both chemical composition and flow rate represents a major drawback. The realization of this has compelled authorities to adopt ever more stringent establishment of pollution control requirements. Landfill leachate is a serious problem in the treatments of municipal solid wastes using landfills methods. This leachate is usually heavily contaminated, but little attention is paid to its treatment. Optimal treatment of leachates to completely decrease the harmful environmental impacts is today’s challenge. However, the complex composition of leachates makes it challenging to formulate general recommendations. Leachate variability, particularly over time and within sites, suggests that the most appropriate treatments are adaptable, universal, and simple. Landfill leachate is characterized by high biological and chemical oxygen demand and is usually composed of undesirable ingredients such as inorganic and organic pollutants. Landfill leachate varies with landfill age and content, decomposition methods, hydrological and climate conditions. Recirculation of leachate does not affect alterations in the degree of bio-degradability of the waste. During landfill operations, recirculation of leachate is often applied to help stabilize landfill degradation. Leachate recirculation is widely used in practical engineering, and recirculation using vertical wells is one of the more effective methods.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 172--183
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stability of Garnet-Type Li7La3Zr2O12-Based Ceramics for All-Solid-State Batteries
Autorzy:
Yi, Eun-Jeong
Yoon, Keun-Young
Jung, Hyun-Ah
Hwang, Haejin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355988.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
all-solid-state batteries
solid electrolytes
garnet type ceramics
ionic conductivity
Opis:
Al and Nb-doped Li7 La3 Zr2O12 (LLZO) and W-doped LLZO lithium ion conducting electrolyte samples were prepared and their H2O stability was investigated. The LLZO samples were exposed to 50% humidified air for 48 h. After H2O exposure, a cubic to tetragonal transformation occurred and acquired SEM images exhibited the presence of reaction phases at the grain boundaries of Al and Nb-LLZO. As a result, the lithium ion conductivity significantly decreased after H2O exposure. On the contrary, W-LLZO showed good stability against H2O. Although the cubic to tetragonal transformation was also observed in H2O-exposed W-LLZO, the decrease in lithium ion conductivity was found to be modest. No morphological changes of the W-LLZO samples were confirmed in the H2O-exposed W-LLZO samples.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 2; 579-583
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels – Concept of National Periodic Inspection System
Autorzy:
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
legal regulation
periodic inspection
solid fuel boilers
solid fuel space heater
Opis:
The article introduces the concept of individual solid fuel heating devices periodic inspections system. The necessary legal changes for the creation of the legal framework of the system, the proposed scope of control, persons who could be entrusted with the realization of periodic inspections and measurements, as well as data acquisition and possible sanctions for non-compliance or violation of proposed duties were presented.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 8; 86-91
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
All regular-solid varieties of idempotent semirings
Autorzy:
Hounnon, Hippolyte
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38114594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
semiring
hypersubstitution
regular hypersubstitution
regular hyperidentity
solid variety
regular-solid variety
Opis:
The lattice of all regular-solid varieties of semirings splits in two complete sublattices: the sublattice of all idempotent regular-solid varieties of semirings and the sublattice of all normal regular-solid varieties of semirings. In this paper, we discuss the idempotent part.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2017, 37, 1; 5-12
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels: Review of Legal Regulations in Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Bigda, Rafał
Żeliński, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emission
residential sector
solid fuel boiler
solid fuel
space heater
legal regulation
Opis:
The article presents the legal framework of periodic control systems of individual heating devices in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The scope of periodic inspections carried out in considered countries, the persons responsible for performing them, the method of data acquisition and administrative bodies responsible for supervising the fulfillment of the obligation, as well as the sanctions for law violations related to small heat sources operation in the residential sector were discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 54-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels: Review of Legal Regulations in Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Bigda, Rafał
Żeliński, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emission
residential sector
solid fuel boilers
solid fuel
space heater
legal regulations
Opis:
The article presents the legal framework of periodic control systems of individual heating devices in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The scope of periodic inspections carried out in considered countries, the persons responsible for performing them, the method of data acquisition and administrative bodies responsible for supervising the fulfillment of the obligation, as well as the sanctions for law violations related to small heat sources operation in the residential sector were discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 54-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Supersmarność oraz nowe materiały supersmarne wytwarzane napylaniem proszkowym
Superlubricity and new superlubricant materials made by powder spraying
Autorzy:
Leshchynsky, V.
Wiśniewska-Weinert, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/211744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Obróbki Plastycznej
Tematy:
solid lubricant
nanoparticles
friction coefficient
Opis:
O supersmarności zazwyczaj mówimy wówczas, kiedy dwie stykające się powierzchnie wykazują brak oporu podczas tarcia ślizgowego. Artykuł opisuje zjawisko ultra-niskiego tarcia dzięki zastosowaniu powłok z nanocząstek MoS2, wynikiem którego jest otrzymanie ultra-niskiego współczynnika tarcia. Autorzy wskazują, że zastosowanie wielokomponentowych supersmarnych powłok otrzymanych metodą napylania proszkowych materiałów zawierających dodatki smaru stałego MoS2 znacznie zmniejsza współczynnik tarcia w warunkach suchego tarcia ślizgowego.Przedstawiono charakterystykę tribologiczną powłok zawierających MoS2, przeprowadzono testy tarciowo-zużyciowe w podwyższonej temperaturze. Określono wartość współczynnika tarcia w czasie.
Superlubricity is the state in which two contacting surfaces exhibit no resistance to sliding. The work describes a ultra-low friction phenomenon due to application of MoS2 nanoparticle coatings results in ultra-low friction coefficients in ambient atmosphere.It is shown the concept of superlubricity of combined coatings can be effectively used to improve the friction under dry sliding conditions. The additional application of solid lubricant films by powder spraying and MoS2 precipitation technologies results in low friction coefficients and a good tribological behaviour under dry sliding conditions. To clarify the tribological characteristics of MoS2 films, friction experiments were conducted at stick-slip regime at the high temperature. It was found that the friction coefficient value was very low and stable for prolonged periods.
Źródło:
Obróbka Plastyczna Metali; 2006, 17, 4; 43-48
0867-2628
Pojawia się w:
Obróbka Plastyczna Metali
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foams Stabilized with Nanoparticles for Gas Well Deliquification
Autorzy:
Knapik, E.
Stopa, J
Marzec, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
foam
foamability
solid nanoparticles
surfactant
Opis:
This study examined the interaction of solid nanoparticles and anionic and non-ionic surfactant at an air–water interface. Aqueous foams stabilized by silica nanoparticles in water with different levels of salinity were studied in detail. The stability of solid/surfactant dispersion was evaluated visually. Nanoparticles content impact and concentration of surfactant on the foamability, deliquification of foams and structure of wet foams were studied. It was found that the foamability of dispersion depends either on the surfactant concentration or on the nanoparticles concentration. The adsorption of hydrophobically modified silica particles and surfactants reduces the air/water interface tension. The results of the examinations showed that the use of nanoparticles allows to increase the efficiency of brine unloading even up to 20%. Surfactant particle and nanosilica present synergistic action, use of 4 wt% of nanoparticles allows to reduce surfactant consumption up to half. The cost of the preparation of the proposed dispersion is slightly higher, about 5%, compared to the sole surfactant.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2014, 16, 2; 114-117
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Treatment of medical solid waste using an Air Flow controlled incinerator
Autorzy:
Trinh, Van Tuyen
Van, Huu Tap
Pham, Quang Huy
Trinh, Minh Viet
Bui, Ha Manh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
Carbonization
hazardous solid waste
incinerator
Opis:
In this study, air flow controlled incinerator (AFCI) was used to treat medical solid waste in Vietnam. The experiment was conducted with solid waste samples that was weighed approximately 2.1–3.3 kg/h and had moisture content of 2.8–11.7%. The results showed that an increase in the air flow rate during the drying process accelerated the combustion time by 10–20%, and the optimal air low rate was 1.1 m/s. The combustion time varied from 0–45 min. The highest temperatures recorded in the drying chamber, carbonisation chamber and combustion chamber after 25–35 min of operation were varied from 195o C, 775o C and 1275o C, respectively. The temperature of the stack was from 33–68o C after the treatment by the wet scrubber using 20% NaOH solution. The combustion capacity was 77.3–87.5%. The experimental results revealed the AFCI process advantages including low operation cost and suitability for treating hazardous waste on a small scale.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2020, 22, 1; 29-34
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uranium post-mining wastes as a potential reserve source of uranium for nuclear energy plants
Autorzy:
Rewerski, B.
Mielnicki, S.
Bartosiewicz, I.
Polkowska-Motrenko, H.
Sklodowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109385.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
uranium
bacteria
bioleaching
solid waste
Opis:
Biotechnology is an effective and environmental friendly method of waste utilization and poor refractory ores exploitation, well known since 1949 and successfully developed in many countries: Spain, Bulgaria, USA, and Sweden. Biotechnology opens the possibility to obtain uranium as by-product in rare element recovery process (eg. Co, Au, Re, Rh, Pt) and positively affects the economic efficiency of tech-nology. The research program of biological exploitation of waste and poor ores in Poland is presented. Microbial consortia able to oxidize iron under neutral and acidic conditions (Fe concentration in ore is 1.8–3.4%) are isolated and developed during project realization.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2013, 49, 1; 5-11
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The study of physicochemical properties of solid dispersions of ibuprofen in the presence of chitosan
Autorzy:
Grimling, Bożena
Meler, Jan
Szcześniak, Maria
Pluta, Janusz
Górniak, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Polskie Towarzystwo Chitynowe
Tematy:
chitosan
dissolution
ibuprofen
solid dispersion
Opis:
The aim of the present study was to increase the solubility of ibuprofen. Among the methods to increase the solubility selected solid dispersions of the drug with the polymer. Chitosan was used as the polymer. Solid dispersion obtained. Ibuprofen was incorporated into the chitosan type 652 with molar masse chitosan Mη = 429 kDa. Solid dispersions were prepared by using different ratios of ibuprofen and chitosan (1:9. 3:7 and 5:5). Formulations were tested dissolution rate of the ibuprofen. The highest dissolution of ibuprofen, amounting to 12.59%, was observed after 60 minutes from solid dispersion prepared by the evaporation method and 12.18% from physical mixtures with drug-polymer weight ratio 1:9 in the presence chitosan. The solubility of the drug improved more than 60-fold. XRPD analysis indicates the presence of the ibuprofen in amorphous form in the solid dispersion obtained by the modified solvent evaporation.
Źródło:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives; 2015, 20; 64-72
1896-5644
Pojawia się w:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of fenofibrate solubility in the presence of chitosan
Autorzy:
Grimling, Bożena
Meler, Jan
Pluta, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035391.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Polskie Towarzystwo Chitynowe
Tematy:
chitosan
dissolution
fenofibrate
solid state
Opis:
Fenofibrate is an active substance which is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, but it is characterized by limited solubility. Due to a wide spectrum of its pharmacological activity, it would be beneficial to improve its solubility, and thus increase the drug absorption capability. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of chitosan on the solubility of fenofibrate incorporated into this polymer carrier. The study investigated fenofibrate in solid dispersions at the drug to polymer ratio of 3:7,5:5,7:3. The solubility investigation was performed by means of a dynamic method in a dissolution apparatus; mean amount of dissolved fenofibrate and the drug to polymer quantitative ratio in which the solid dispersion possessed the most beneficial properties improving the drug solubility were calculated. The study revealed a multi-fold increase (from 33 to 50 times) in fenofibrat solubility in the presence of chitosan, which increased with duration of the study and with increasing percentage of the polymer in formulations. The obtained results may help develop new technologies for fenofibrate preparations with chitosan, with better solubility characteristics, and thus increased bioavailability of the drug.
Źródło:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives; 2012, 17; 79-86
1896-5644
Pojawia się w:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ionic conductivity of the CeO2-Gd2O3-SrO system
Przewodnictwo jonowe w układzie CeO2-Gd2O3-SrO
Autorzy:
Dudek, M.
Mosiałek, M.
Mordarski, G.
Socha, R.
Rapacz-Kmita, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352955.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
elektrolity stałe tlenku ceru
roztwór stały
stałotlenkowe ogniwo paliwowe
solid oxide electrolytes
ceria-based solid solutions
co-doping
solid oxide fuel cell
Opis:
The Pechini method was used to synthesize nanopowders of CeO2-based solid solutions with the formula Ce0.8-xGd0.2SrxO2- for 0
Jednofazowe proszki roztworów stałych Ce0:8-xGd0:2SrxO2- dla 0
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2011, 56, 4; 1249-1255
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Flue gas cleaning in municipal waste-to-energy plants - Part 1
Autorzy:
Jurczyk, M.
Mikus, M.
Dziedzic, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101644.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
waste incineration
gas cleaning
environmental protection
solid residues from APC
solid residues from HM
Opis:
All plants based on combustion of the fuel generate a large number of flue gases, which contain variety of pollutants. These include particulates, heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Tl, As, Ni, Pb), carbon compounds (CO, hydrocarbons (VOCs), (PCDD / F, PCB), acid and other gases (HCl, HF, HBr, HI, SO2 , NOx , NH3 ), whose emissions are controlled, and subjected to the European and regional limits. In municipal waste-to-energy plants large diversity of fuel results in a considerable concentration of the individual compounds which can be dangerous for the environment. Due to these facts, it is necessary to take into account a flue gas cleaning stage in every waste-to-energy plant. The article divided into two parts shows technologies and processes that can be used at this stage. It describes methods used to deal with all kinds of pollutants at flue gases treatment stage. The paper presents emission limits imposed by the European Union with examples of emissions at working municipal waste-to-energy plants, and the limits that are to be expected in the future. Some topics, as costs and residual handling, are only briefly mentioned and for more information a reader is advised to use literature which will allow him to learn more about technology, processes and problems presented in the text. The aim of the study is to present the current state of flue gas cleaning in Waste-to-Energy plants.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/1; 1179-1193
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odpady komunalne powstające na nieruchomościach niezamieszkałych. Problematyka prawna
Municipal Waste Produced on Uninhabited Properties. Legal Issues
Autorzy:
Dudzik, Sławomir
Rumak, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046795.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
odpady komunalne
gospodarka odpadami
nieruchomości niezamieszkałe
municipal solid waste
solid waste management
uninhabited property
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest określenie granic pojęcia prawnego „odpady komunalne” w odniesieniu do odpadów powstających na nieruchomościach niezamieszkałych, tj. poza gospodarstwami domowymi. Wyznaczenie tych granic ma istotne znaczenie dla zadań i kompetencji gmin w zakresie gospodarki odpadami. Determinuje m.in. zakres przedmiotowy aktów prawa miejscowego w sprawie odbieraniu odpadów komunalnych od właścicieli nieruchomości, a w konsekwencji także zakres organizowanych w tej sferze przez organy gminy przetargów. Autorzy opowiadają się za szerokim ujęciem analizowanego pojęcia, uzasadnionym zarówno brzmieniem odnośnych przepisów, jak i wymogami efektywnej gospodarki odpadami, za którą odpowiedzialność ponosi gmina. Zagadnienie stanowiące przedmiot artykułu jest analizowane z uwzględnieniem zarówno polskich, jak i unijnych regulacji prawnych oraz orzecznictwa.
The aim of the article is to define the boundaries of the legal notion of ‘municipal solid waste’ with respect to solid waste produced in uninhabited property, i.e. outside households. Setting of those boundaries has a significant meaning for tasks and competences of municipalities in the area of solid waste management. It determines, inter alia, the material scope of local legal acts concerning collection of solid waste from property owners, and in consequence, also the extent of tenders organised in this field by the municipal authorities. The authors advocate a broad understanding of the analysed notion, justified by the wording of the relevant legal provisions and the effectiveness of the solid waste management for which municipalities are responsible. The subjectmatter of the article is analysed in the light of both the Polish and EU legal regulations and jurisprudence.
Źródło:
Studia Prawnicze KUL; 2019, 3; 69-90
1897-7146
2719-4264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawnicze KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fluid solid interactions – a novelty in industrial applications
Autorzy:
Ochrymiuk, Tomasz
Banaszkiewicz, Mariusz
Lemański, Marcin
Kowalczyk, Tomasz
Ziółkowski, Piotr J.
Hyrzyński, Rafał
Stajnke, Michał
Bryk, Mateusz
Kraszewski, Bartosz
Kruk-Gotzman, Sylwia
Froissart, Marcin
Badur, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091370.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
computational fluid dynamics
computational solid dynamics
arbitrary agrangian eulerian description
fluid-solid interaction
micromechanics
nanomechanics
Opis:
The article deals with a current state-of-art of fluid solid interaction (FSI) – the new branch of continuum physics. Fluid-solid interaction is a new quality of modeling physical processes of continuum mechanics, it can be described as the interaction of various (so far treated separately from the point of view of mathematical modeling) physical phenomena occurring in continuous media systems. The most correct is the simultaneous application of the laws of the given physical disciplines, which implies that fluid solid interaction is a subset of multi-physical applications where the interactions between these subsets are exchanged on the surface in interconnected systems. Our purpose is to extend the fluid solid interaction aplications into new phenomena what follow from the industrial needs and inovative thechnologies. Selecting the various approaches, we prefer the arbitraty lagrangean-eulerian description within the bulk of fluid/solid domain and a new sort of advanced boundary condition on a surface of common contact.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2022, 43, 2; 75--96
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermoeconomic Analysis and Assessment of Gaziantep Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant
Autorzy:
Tozlu, A.
Abuşoğlu, A.
Özahi, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
thermoeconomy
solid waste
waste-to-energy
Opis:
This paper presents a thermoeconomic analysis and assessment of a municipal solid waste power plant system in Gaziantep. The operation of an existing municipal solid waste power plant is described in detail and a thermoeconomical methodology based on exergoeconomic relations and specific exergy costing (SPECO) method is provided to allocate cost flows through subcomponents of the plant. SPECO method is based on a step by step procedure which begins from identification of energy and exergy values of all states defined in the present system through fuel (F) and product (P) approach and ends at the point of establishing related exergy based cost balance equations together with auxiliary equations. The actual exergy efficiency of the solid waste power plant is determined to be 47.84% which shows that 52.16% of the total exergy input to the plant is destroyed. The net electrical power output of the Gaziantep municipal solid waste power plant is 5.655 MW. The total cost rate of the power plant is evaluated as 18.44$/h as a result of thermoeconomic analyses.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 513-517
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regularities of Spheroidization of HMX Extracted from Solid Propellant Disposal Products
Autorzy:
Cheltonov, Maksym
Zakusylo, Roman
Ustymenko, Ievhen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1062839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
solid propellant
octogen
spheroidization
dimethyl sulfoxide
Opis:
Nitramines of high quality for manufacturing high-energy composites, such as oсtogen (HMX) and hexogen, have received much attention by researchers worldwide. Mixed formulations containing fillers in the form of spheroidal dispersed particles of explosives are homogenized at lower energy consumption. They are characterized by stable rheological characteristics, which guarantee the quality of the products obtained on the basis thereof. Methods for obtaining spherical nitramine particles by means of ultrasonic and hydromechanical rounding using commercial HMX were evaluated. It was found that under similar conditions, rounding by the hydromechanical process in a vortex device is more efficient and less energy-consuming than that of the ultrasonic method. It was confirmed that spheroidization of commercial HMX in an aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) medium by hydromechanical rounding occurs due to erosion of crystals of large size (70 μm or more). Based on the experimental results with spheroidization of commercial nitramine, the mass fraction content below 50 μm versus time was plotted for hydromechanical rounding. The method of hydromechanical rounding in aqueous DMSO to obtain spheroidized HMX, extracted from solid propellant using DMSO, was found to be the most suitable. Spheroidized modified HMX with specific characteristics (density and crystals of near-spherical shape) was obtained, which could be used for the manufacture of high-energy composites.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2020, 17, 4; 523-534
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fabrication, Characterization, and Corrosion Protection of Hot Dip Aluminized Coatings for Steel Using Discarded Soda Cans
Autorzy:
Hernandez, Jan Cedric M.
Ureta, Romnick M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1164111.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Aluminium coating
Corrosion
Solid waste management
Opis:
Corrosion which seriously affects the quality and functionality of steel can be reduced by hot dip aluminizing which involves dipping substrate to a molten aluminum bath. Thus, this study aimed to produce hot dip aluminized coating for steel using discarded soda cans. A total of 80 steel nails with length of 65.62±0.56 mm were used wherein 40 nails were intended for the hot dip aluminizing process at 650-700 °C with an average coating mass and thickness of 547 g/m2 and 170 μm, respectively, with density of 2.627 g/cm3 following ASTM standards. Compared to the non-coated setups, the fabricated aluminum coating reduced 0.178g and 0.092g of corrosion products accumulation after immersions on H2O2 and NaCl solutions for 7 days and 4 weeks, respectively. Optical analysis of surface and cross sections of the coated samples showed less pitting, and corrosion products. Aluminum coating tends to pit that starts from small cracks and fractures when immersed in corrosive medium. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy showed that the coated nail sample experienced minimal corrosion in the form of thin cracks compared to non-coated nails which had relatively rough surface as result of heavy corrosion. In addition, t-test showed significant difference between the accumulated corrosion products’ weights of coated and non-coated setups after immersing in NaCl (t = -13.801; p = 0.000) and H2O2 (t = -31.005; p = 0.000) wherein less corrosion product was obtained by the coated set-up (x̅ = 0.036 (H2O2) and x̅ = 0.028 (NaCl)). Thus, the results proved that the produced aluminized coating from waste soda cans provides a significant corrosion protection on the steel substrates.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 108; 158-179
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Delta13C of organic atmospheric dust deposited in Wrocław (SW Poland): critical remarks on the passive method
Autorzy:
Górka, M.
Jędrysek, M. O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
solid organic atmospheric particles
carbon isotopes
Opis:
This paper reports the results of the application of passive collectors to the collection of solid organic atmospheric particles (SOAP) in Wrocław (SW Poland) to carry out stable carbon isotope analyses. delta exp.13C (SOAP) values collected during the vegetation-free period, from November to March, vary in a narrow range from -24.5 to -27.8‰. We show that d13C (SOAP) is able to provide information about atmospheric pollution with respect to different emission sources. delta exp.13C (SOAP) values collected during the period of vegetation growth, from April to October, show a wide range from -20.5 to -26.9‰. The most probable explanations for the 13C- enriched values in summer are that: (i) the SOAP have been contaminated with fresh and decomposed organic matter in the passive collector and/or (ii) SOAP are derived from out side the city or from out side Poland (C4 plant particles). There fore, the d13C (SOAP) may not represent a strictly anthropogenic im pact. The passive collector method for the (SOAP) collection should be applied only in areas with dry deposition of atmospheric dust where deposited organic matter is not de composed in the water contained in collectors. We recommend the use of active sampling methods (hi-volume sampler) to collect SOAP use ful for carbon isotope analyses.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2008, 52, 2; 115-115
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Na-montmorillonite modified with ammonium salts and azobenzene as a photoactive nanomaterial
Autorzy:
Koteja, A.
Matusik, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184535.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
inorganic solid structures
organic molecules
minerals
Opis:
Modification of inorganic solid structures (e.g. minerals) with organic molecules is a constantly developed topic in material sciences. The organic functionalization leads to the production of new materials with integrated properties of both the organic and inorganic component. In the presented study we have modified a Na-montmorillonite with alkylammonium surfactants and subsequently azobenzene, in order to obtain a nanomaterial that shows response to UV radiation. Azobenzene is a photoswitchable organic molecule capable to change its conformation upon UV radiation from the trans- to cis-azobenzene isomer. This reaction is coupled with a change of the molecules shape and dimensions (Klajn 2010). The montmorillonite is a layered aluminosilicate that serves as an excellent host structure for organic guest species. Due to the net negative layer charge it shows the ability to swell and to exchange the originally present interlayer cations. These properties allow the intercalation of bulk organic molecules and to control their arrangement. Much attention has been paid to the possibility of transferring the photoswitching ability of organic molecule into the motion of the whole organo-mineral structure (Heinz et al. 2008). Such nanoswitch is particularly appealing as it is controlled with radiation – remotely and at a precise location. The efficiency of a synthesized nanoswitch depends on an accurate selection of the host and guest component. The target of this study to test a series of organic surfactants and to establish a modification pathway that leads to obtaining a material most promising in the view of its photoresponsive behavior. The montmorillonite modification was performed in a two-step procedure, as the direct intercalation of a nonionic azobenzene is not possible. First, the Na-montmorillonite (denoted SWy) was ion-exchanged with trimethylalkylammonium cations abbreviated C n and benzyldimethylalkylammonium cations – BC n , where n refers to the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and is equal to 12, 14 or 16. In the second step the organo-montmorillonites were reacted with azobenzene (AzBz) for 24 h at 120°C in a hermetically closed teflon vessel. The yellowish products were characterized with the X-Ray diffraction (XRD), the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and CHN elemental analysis. In all cases the intercalation of the ammonium cation caused an increase of the montmorillonites basal spacing ( d 001 ). The d 001 values were equal to 16.4 Å, 18.2 Å and 20.5 Å for SWy-C 12 , SWy-C 14 and SWy-C 16 , respectively. The samples modified with the BC n cations showed ~1.5 Å larger basal spacing, due to the presence of the benzyl group in the intercalated molecule. A linear relationship was observed between the d 001 value and the alkyl chain length of the introduced salts. This suggests that the organic cations formed paraffin-type aggregates in the interlayer (Ogawa et al. 1999) where the molecules are inclined to the layer surface. The FTIR spectra of modified SWy sample showed intense bands corresponding to CH 2 vibration modes. Along with the increasing alkyl chain length the CH 2 stretching bands shifted towards lower energies. This is an effect of growing packing density of alkylammonium molecules in the interlayer (He et al. 2004) and it is coupled with straightening of the alkyl chains due to transformation of disordered gauche conformer to the ordered all-trans conformer (Vaia et al. 1994). It can be concluded that the longer alkyl chains (C 16 and BC 16 ) form more ordered, solid-like aggregates in the interlayer space. The molar content of organic molecules was calculated basing on the CHN elemental analysis. The amount of intercalated alkylammonium cations was nearly equal to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of montmorillonite – 88.9 meq/100 g. The reaction with azobenzene was most effective for montmorillonite modified with the alkylammonium cations having the longest chains as confirmed by the XRD patterns. The d 001 values of SWy-C 16 and SWy-BC 16 samples after reaction with AzBz increased to 36.9 Å and 35.9 Å, respecively. Well resolved and intense (001) peaks as well as the presence of the 2 nd and 3 rd order reflections indicated a highly ordered structure of these intercalates. On the contrary, diffraction peaks were less resolved and broadened for samples prepared with the shorter C 12 , C 14 , BC 12 and BC 14 molecules after reaction with AzBz. Based on these results, it is assumed that the long chain alkylammonium ions are more effective surfactants for the further intercalation of azobenzene into the montmorillonites interlayer space. The obtained highly ordered structures are promising materials for application as photo-actuated nanoswitches.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2016, 42, 1; 87-88
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hybrid modeling in CAD
Autorzy:
Wypysiński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
hybrid modelling
CAD
solid-surface modeling
Opis:
Computer aided 3D modeling is rapidly growing field of techniques. Various modeling techniques are continuously developed and improved – but hybrid modeling as combination of the best features seems to be worthy of interest. This article describe main principle of full hybrid modeling with examples of practical applications.
Źródło:
Advanced Technologies in Mechanics; 2015, 2, no. 1 (2); 15-22
2392-0327
Pojawia się w:
Advanced Technologies in Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena jakości biopaliw stałych kompaktowanych. Cz. 1, Wymagania jakościowe
The quality of compressed solid biofuels. Pt. 1, The quality requirements
Autorzy:
Frączek, J.
Cieślikowski, B.
Ślipek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
biopaliwa stałe
biomasa
solid biofuels
biomass
Opis:
Brak odpowiednich regulacji prawnych odnośnie obowiązku certyfikacji biopaliw stałych kompaktowanych w Polsce powoduje, iż na rynek często wprowadzane są paliwa o wątpliwej jakości. Skutkuje to zarówno awariami instalacji spalających ten rodzaj paliwa, jak i spadkiem zaufania wśród klientów. Badania właściwości fizycznych i chemicznych, przeprowadzone według ściśle określonych norm umożliwiłyby klasyfikację i miarodajne porównanie jakości różnych biopaliw kompaktowanych, co w konsekwencji umożliwia kształtowanie cen w ramach konkurencyjności. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono analizę studialną dotyczącą wymagań, stawianych produkowanym i znajdującym się w obrocie handlowym biopaliwom aglomerowanym. Wykazała ona, że wymagania jakościowe dotyczą przede wszystkim ich właściwości fizycznych (w aspekcie działań produkcyjnych i operacyjnych) oraz składu chemicznego (w kontekście emisji spalin), a także, że istnieje potrzeba wypracowania syntetycznego wskaźnika oceny jakości.
The lack of appropriate legal regulations regarding the obligation to certificate compressed solid biofuels in Poland causes frequent introduction of questionable quality fuel to the market. It results the breakdowns of installations burning this kind of fuel, as well as the customers confidence decline. Researches of physical and chemical properties carried out according to strict standards, could enable classification and reliable comparison the quality of different agglomerated biofuels, which in consequence provides the formation of competitive prices. The first part of the article presents the study analysis regarding requirements, which are imposed to produced and traded compressed biofuels. It indicates, that the quality requirements are relating, in first of all, to their physical properties (in terms of production and operational activities) and chemical composition (in the context of gas emission), as well as, that there is a need to elaborate synthetic indicator of quality assessment.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2011, 12, 10; 161-169
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solid State Synthesized YVO4:Dy3+/ SiO2 Composites: Microstructures and Optical Characteristics
Autorzy:
Rafiaei, S. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
solid state
composite
SiO2
luminescence
Opis:
In this paper YVO4:Dy3+ was synthesized via solid state method at 1100°C and effects of different quantities of SiO2 particles on microstructure and photoluminescence properties were investigated in details. To study the microstructure and properties of these composites XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, XPS and PL equipments were employed. It was found that via addition of SiO2 particles to YVO4:Dy3+ phosphors, strong bonding is made between SiO2 particles and phosphors. Furthermore, based on stronger electronegativity of Si 2p element compared to Y 3d and V 2p elements, increase of SiO2 causes the increase of binding energy. Moreover, this research showed that the addition of 10 wt% SiO2 particles to YVO4:Dy3+ material enhances the excitation and emission luminescence properties, significantly. Further increase of SiO2 particles results in suppress of emission intensity.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 1; 199-202
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Composite Coatings with Ceramic Matrix Including Nanomaterials as Solid Lubricants for Oil-Less Automotive Applications
Autorzy:
Posmyk, A.
Myalski, J.
Hekner, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
composite coatings
nanotubes
nanowires
solid lubricants
Opis:
The paper presents the theoretical basis of manufacturing and chosen applications of composite coatings with ceramic matrix containing nanomaterials as a solid lubricant (AHC+NL). From a theoretical point of view, in order to reduce the friction coefficient of sliding contacts, two materials are required, i.e. one with a high hardness and the other with low shear strength. In case of composite coatings AHC+NL the matrix is a very hard and wear resistant anodic oxide coating (AHC) whereas the solid lubricant used is the nanomaterial (NL) featuring a low shear strength such as glassy carbon nanotubes (GC). Friction coefficient of cast iron GJL-350 sliding against the coating itself is much higher (0.18-0.22) than when it slides against a composite coating (0.08-0.14). It is possible to reduce the friction due to the presence of carbon nanotubes, or metal nanowires.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 1039-1043
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of morphological composition of wastes deposited on illegal dumping sites located in the area of Olsztyn district
Autorzy:
Ciura, D.
Łukasiewicz, M.
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
illegal dumping sites
Opis:
Generated wastes require space and financial outlays on their proper storage and processing, whereas the lack of means usually leads to depositing wastes in places not meant for this purpose. Illegal dumping sites still emerge, despite introducing in Poland the obligatory (common) fee for collection and management of wastes and the obligatory establishing the Selective Waste Collection Points in each district. The aim of the work was conducting a detailed inventory of illegal dumping sites in the area of Olsztyn district (situated in the Silesia province, on the Krakow-Częstochowa Upland) and indicting the morphological composition of the wastes deposited in these places. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the morphological composition of illegal landfill sites situated in the analyzed district. The investigations located 28 illegal dumping sites, despite the fact that a Selective Municipal Waste Collection Point operates in the district area. The analysis of location, area, mass and composition of the wastes was conducted for each illegal landfill, according to the methodology developed for this purpose. Over a half of the illegal dumping sites was situated in the forest and on 4 of them the estimated mass of dumped waste exceeded 1Mg. Debris constitutes the highest proportion (21.8%) of the waste morphological composition. Recyclable wastes, i.e. glass, plastics, paper and cardboard, used electronic and electric equipment dominated in the morphological composition of wastes on small landfills, situated close to buildings (less than 250m) and had the smallest area (below 1m2 ). The share of debris and construction wastes was growing with increasing landfill area.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/1; 1301-1315
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the undersize fraction temperature changes during the biostabilization process
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
undersize fraction
biostabilization
Opis:
Mixed municipal solid waste collected from the area of each Polish district (commune) is transferred to Regional Installations for Municipal Solid Waste Treatment. They comprise one or more of the following facilities: installations for mechanical-biological waste treatment (MBT), installations for thermal treatment of municipal solid waste, green waste composting plants and landfill sites. MBT installations have been currently the dominant technology of mixed municipal solid waste treatment in Poland. In these installations mixed waste is subjected to mechanical processes (including: crushing, separation, screening and classification) resulting in the production of the undersize fraction with usual grain size below 80mm and the oversize fraction with grain size over 80mm. Because of the necessity of stabilization and hygenization of the undersize fraction prior to landfilling, it is subjected to the process of biological treatment, e.g. biostabilization. The main aim of the research was to analyze the temperature changes during the biostabilization of the undersized fraction in thermally insulated BKB100 laboratory bioreactor. The research covered a 14-day period of the intensive phase. The analyses were performed in 6 replications. 40.1±2.2kg of waste with density of 519.2±27.5kgˑm-3 and the biodegradable fraction content of 41.9±1.9% was placed in the reactor. The temperature of waste inside the reactor was measured by 9 Pt 1000 temperature sensors. The air for the process was constantly supplied from the outside of the reactor. Flow of the supplied air with temperature of 18.3±3.1°C was regulated depending on the average indication of all temperature sensors. Results of the temperature measurements were averaged and showed using Golden Software Surfer 7. As a result of the conducted research it was found that changes in the temperature inside the bioreactor occurred uniformly throughout its full volume. The time of reaching the temperature of 45°C (the beginning of thermophilic phase) was 25.6±4.0 hours (21 hours at the earliest). During the first period the temperature in the reactor was increasing most intensively in the lower parts of the layer, in the central part of the layer the temperature reached 45°C after 34 hours at the earliest, whereas on average it took 47.7±9.9 hours. The average maximum process temperature was 64.8±3.5°C.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/3; 1773-1784
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Detection and Correction of 2-Repeated Solid Burst Errors
Autorzy:
Rohtagi, Barkha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
2-repeated solid burst errors
parity-check matrix
solid burst errors
standard array and syndrome
Opis:
In modern age, coding theory has found widespread theoretical and practical applications in the areas ranging from communication systems to digital data transmission to modern medical science, to space communication. In different types of channels, nature of errors is also different. There are various channels in which errors occur in the form of bursts. In some particular channels, within a burst, all the digits are corrupted. Such type of errors is called ‘solid burst errors’. In this paper we introduce ‘2-repeated solid burst error’ and obtain results regarding the codes detecting and correcting such errors.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 123; 76-86
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odporność poliuretanowych powłok typu high solid na działanie biotycznych i abiotycznych czynników degradacyjnych
Resistance of high solid polyurethane coatings to biotic and abiotic factors
Autorzy:
Wojturska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Chemii Przemysłowej
Tematy:
biopoliol
poliuretany
powłoki high solid
biodegradacja
korozja
bio-polyol
polyurethanes
high solid coatings
biodegradation
corrosion
Opis:
Powłoki poliuretanowe (PUR) typu high solid, o wysokim połysku i niewielkiej chropowatości powierzchni, otrzymano z wykorzystaniem biopolioli zsyntetyzowanych z oleju sojowego (BPS), lnianego (BPL) i rzepakowego (BPR) oraz poliizocyjanianów będących pochodnymi diizocyjanianu izoforonu (IPDI), diizocyjanianu trimetylo-1,6-heksametylenu (TMDI) lub diizocyjanianu 4,4’-dicykloheksylometanu (HMDI) i ksylenu jako rozpuszczalnika. Wszystkie wytworzone powłoki zawierały ok. 40 % składników pochodzenia naturalnego. Powłoki PUR charakteryzowano na podstawie oznaczonych wartości: chropowatości, swobodnej energii powierzchniowej (SEP) oraz właściwości mechanicznych, takich jak: twardość względna, tłoczność, przyczepność, odporność na zarysowanie i uderzenie. Analizowano degradację biotyczną w środowisku wodnym i w symulowanych warunkach kompostowania oraz odporność na działanie czynników abiotycznych (wody, wody morskiej, solanki, zmiennej temperatury). Stwierdzono, że otrzymane powłoki poliuretanowe wykazują dobre właściwości mechaniczne, doskonałą odporność korozyjną, nie są podatne na hydrolizę katalizowaną przez enzymy i mogą być z powodzeniem stosowane jako skuteczne zabezpieczenie powierzchni stalowych.
High solid polyurethane coatings (PUR) with high gloss and low surface roughness were obtained using bio-polyols synthesized from soybean oil (BPS), linseed oil (BPL) and rapeseed oil (BPR), polyisocyanates derived from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), trimethyl-1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI) or dicyclohexylmethane-4,4’-diisocyanate (HMDI) and xylene as a solvent. All the obtained PUR coatings contained about 40 % bio-based components and showed good mechanical properties. The characterization of PUR coatings was carried out on the basis of the determination of roughness, surface free energy (SEP) and mechanical properties such as relative hardness, cupping ability, adhesion, scratch, and impact resistance. The biotic degradation behavior in liquid or inert solid media and abiotic degradation behavior (in water, sea water, brine, thermal shock) were analyzed. It has been found that the obtained PUR coatings exhibit excellent resistance to corrosion. Also, they are not susceptible to enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis. Studies showed that the obtained coatings hold promise for use as effective protection of steel surfaces.
Źródło:
Polimery; 2018, 63, 10; 708-715
0032-2725
Pojawia się w:
Polimery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena jakości biopaliw stałych kompaktowanych. Cz. 2, Ocena wartości użytkowej
The quality of compressed solid biofuels. Pt. 2, Assessment of utility value
Autorzy:
Frączek, J.
Łapczyńska-Kordon, B.
Ślipek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
biopaliwa stałe
biomasa
solid biofuels
biomass
Opis:
W drugiej części artykułu przedstawiono wyniki dotyczące oceny jakości biopaliw stałych w postaci brykietów i peletów dostępnych w handlu. Ocenę przeprowadzono w oparciu o aktualne normy PN-EN oraz zaproponowany wskaźnik syntetycznej oceny jakości (wartości użytkowej). Próbki pochodziły od różnych producentów i wykonane były z różnych rodzajów biomasy. Dla porównania oceniono również brykiet z torfu. Badania wykazały, że nie wszystkie biopaliwa spełniały wysokie wymogi jakościowe oraz, że istnieje konieczność wprowadzenia obowiązku informowania konsumentów o podstawowych właściwościach oferowanych w handlu biopaliw stałych kompaktowanych.
The second part of the article presents the results of the evaluation of the quality of solid biofuels, formed in briquettes and pellets, which are commercially available. The evaluation based on current standards PN-EN and proposed synthetic indicator of quality assessment (the utility value). The samples came from different producers and were made of different types of biomass. For comparison, the peat briquette was also evaluated. The studies have shown that not all biofuels satisfied high quality requirements and that there is a need to introduce an obligation to inform consumers about the fundamental properties of offered in the trade solid compressed biofuels.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2011, 12, 10; 170-179
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nanoadsorbents for the preconcentration of some toxic substances : a minireview
Autorzy:
Kaur, A.
Saini, S. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411821.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Solid phase extraction
preconcentration
trace analytes
Opis:
The development of new sorbents and their application in preconcentration methods for determination of trace analytes is subject of great interest. Sample pretreatment methods, such as separation / preconcentration prior to the determination of metal ions have developed rapidly due to the increasing need for accurate and precise measurements at extremely low levels of ions in diverse matrices. This review summarizes and discusses several analytical methods involving the preparation and use of new solid phase extractant. A literature survey of the last ten years offering a critical review of these new sorbents available for use in trace analyte enrichment is provided.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 2; 22-35
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill for Baghdad City
Autorzy:
Takrid, Munaem Nafae
Haydar, Ahmed Al-Najar
Nabeel, Hashim Ameen Al-Tameemi
Huda, Nassar Karkoush
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Municipal solid waste generation rate
landfill
Opis:
Accumulation of municipal solid waste in residential areas is one of the public health problems in Iraq. In the other hand, accurate and reliable information on solid waste generation rate are very important elements to plan and implement solid waste management system. The volume and surface area required for a landfill to dispose the municipal solid wastes generated in Baghdad city is evaluated in this study. The per capita solid wastes generation rates are measured for a family consists of 10 individuals by using portable balance (Salter, 0 to 130 kg). Probability sampling is used to determine the minimum number of measurements needed to evaluate the mean of per capita solid wastes generation rate with a certain level of precision (a specified error level of 5% is selected corresponds to 95% confidence that the mean value is in accurate estimate of the true value). The results indicate that an area of approximately 1603 m on a side is required for the next 20 years as a sanitary landfill for disposing the municipal solid wastes generated in Baghdad city.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 90; 1-10
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metabolic syndrome in collection and disposal of solid waste sector
Autorzy:
Eker, Hasan H.
Bayraktarli, Recep Y.
İşsever, Hal.im
Ulaş, Tümer
Erelel, Mustafa
Eser, Al.i
Özd.ill.i, Kürşat
Özder, Aclan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2180109.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-03-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
metabolic syndrome
disposal
solid waste workers
Opis:
Objectives: This study aims to assess the frequency and factors relevant to metabolic syndrome in workers employed in the collection and disposal of solid waste sector. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the major solid waste collecting and disposal company named İSTAÇ AŞ (İstanbul Environmental Protection and Waste Processing Corporation) in Istanbul, Turkey. All 715 male employees of the company were included in the study without sampling. The study was completed with 619 subjects. Since it was a small group, female workers were not taken into account in the study. Metabolic syndrome frequency was investigated according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria including the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist perimeter, HDL, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose values. Results: Metabolic syndrome was present in 40.9% of participating employees. Metabolic syndrome was more common in those working in the excavation field (54.0%), such as caterpillar operators (56.5%), and less common in employees working in administrative offices, such as office staff or managers, who were under 35 years old and who had been working for less than 10 years (p < 0.05). Employees working in work stations other than administrative offices had a 2.60 times higher risk compared to those working in administrative offices. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome may be related to work station, job, age and period worked by the subjects.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2012, 25, 1; 14-21
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermographic evaluation of CaO additive on the process of waste hygienization
Autorzy:
Famielec, S.
Gliniak, M.
Kapjor, A.
Łukasiewicz, M.
Malinowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
CaO
Municipal Solid Waste
hygienization
thermography
Opis:
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is the mixture of many waste types, including organic waste (garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste, paper and cardboard etc.). Such waste creates a living environment for various microorganism species, many of which are known as pathogenic. The presence of microorganisms in favorable conditions (pH, organic matter content, carbon content, moisture, appropriate granulation) leads to decomposing of organic matter, which is accompanied by an increase in temperature. Microorganisms in waste pose a serious risk for staff operating at waste treatment plants. Moreover, heat released by their activity may cause a fire in waste storage facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to search for methods of waste stabilization and hygienization. The most commonly applied technology for waste stabilization is its processing in Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plants. Such treatment is capital – and timeconsuming, however. Waste liming can become an alternative method for stabilization and hygienization of waste. Lime addition is one of the oldest method known by humans for hygienization of certain waste materials, such as animal waste. Currently, liming is applied in sewage sludge treatment as one of the initial operations and is necessary for further sludge management processes. The aim of the research was to valuate temperature changes during mixed MSW hygienization process with CaO addition in the amount of several percent by using a thermographic camera. The reaction of CaO with waste is short and lasts no longer than 20 minutes. The maximal temperatures were reached after 65-124 seconds from the time of CaO addition. The most dynamic increase in temperature were observed up to approx. 120th second of the process, with the rate dependent on the initial moisture of the material. The observed pH values indicate that the maximal dose of CaO additive should not exceed 3%. Such a dose is sufficient for waste to reach pH 12, which, according to literature, guarantees the deactivation of microorganisms.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/4; 1857-1865
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physicochemical characterization and dissolution studies of solid dispersions of clotrimazole with chitosan
Autorzy:
Grimling, Bożena
Jasińska, Justyna
Meler, Jan
Szcześniak, Maria
Pluta, Janusz M.
Górniak, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Polskie Towarzystwo Chitynowe
Tematy:
FTIR
XRPD
chitosan
clotrimazole
solid dispersion
Opis:
The aim of the present study was to increase the solubility of clotrimazole. Among the methods to increase the solubility selected solid dispersions of the drug with the polymer. Chitosan was used as the polymer. Clotrimazole was incorporated into the chitosan type 652 with molar masse chitosan Mη = 429 kDa. Solid dispersions were prepared by using different ratios of clotrimazole and chitosan (1:9, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, 9:1). Formulations were tested dissolution rate of the drug. The highest dissolution of clotrimazole, amounting to 47.95%, was observed after 60 minutes from solid dispersion prepared by grinding method and 42.84% from physical mixtures with drug-polymer weight ratio 1:9 in the presence chitosan. The solubility of the drug improved more than 37-fold. XRPD analysis indicates the presence of the clotrimazole in crystalline form in the solid dispersion obtained by kneading method.
Źródło:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives; 2016, 21; 63-72
1896-5644
Pojawia się w:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mobilny robot poszukiwawczo-transportowy
Mobile exploratory-transport robot
Autorzy:
Filipek, P.
Kamiński, T.
Czuryło, K.
Piwko, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/315203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
akcje ratunkowe
mobilny robot
program Solid Edge ST8
rescues
mobile robot
Solid Edge ST8
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono proces projektowania i budowy zdalnie sterowanego mobilnego robota poszukiwawczo-transportowego. Sformułowano założenia projektowe i konstrukcyjne robota. Określono zasadę działania urządzenia. Projekt mobilnego robota został zamodelowany za pomocą programu Solid Edge ST8, opracowano schemat elektroniczny oraz algorytm sterowania robotem. Wykonano rzeczywisty model urządzenia, wykorzystując gotowe podzespoły dostępne w handlu oraz materiały odporne na uszkodzenia mechaniczne. Podgląd z kamery, umieszczonej na pozycjonerze, zrealizowano za pomocą monitora zewnętrznego. Robota wyposażono w pług torujący mu drogę na zagruzowanej powierzchni. Sterowanie zrealizowano za pomocą joysticka umieszczonego w pulpicie sterującym. Przeprowadzono testy potwierdzające poprawną pracę robota.
Paper shows the process of designing and constructing a remotely controlled mobile exploratory-transport robot. The project’s and robot’s structural assumptions were made. The rule of using the device was stated. The project of a mobile exploratory robot was modeled in 3D using Solid Edge ST8 programme. The electronic diagram and the algorithm steering the robot were stated. Then, the real model was created. Ready-made components and materials resistant to mechanical damages were used. A view from camcorder placed on a positioner was made by using an external screen. The robot is provided with a plough paving the rubbled way. The joystick placed on a steering desktop is responsible for controlling the device’s work. The tests proving the correct robot’s work were carried out.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 658-662, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Galois correspondence between subvariety lattices and monoids of hpersubstitutions
Autorzy:
Denecke, Klaus
Hyndman, Jennifer
Wismath, Shelly
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/728896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
hypersubstitutions
hyperidentities
M-hyperidentities
monoids of hypersubstitutions
varieties
solid varieties
M-solid varieties of bands
Galois correspondence
Opis:
Denecke and Reichel have described a method of studying the lattice of all varieties of a given type by using monoids of hypersubstitutions. In this paper we develop a Galois correspondence between monoids of hypersubstitutions of a given type and lattices of subvarieties of a given variety of that type. We then apply the results obtained to the lattice of varieties of bands (idempotent semigroups), and study the complete sublattices of this lattice obtained through the Galois correspondence.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2000, 20, 1; 21-36
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of the assumed thermophysical properties of steel on the heat transfer calculation result in contact phenomena
Autorzy:
Rywotycki, Marcin
Malinowski, Zbigniew
Przyłucka, Aleksandra
Sołek, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29520236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
heat transfer
inverse method
solid surface contact
Opis:
The article presents a model of heat transfer between two solid surfaces remaining in contact under the effect of the force applied. The presented results were obtained from the authors’ own studies conducted with the application of a new method of determining the heat flux transferred between these surfaces. The method consists of two stages: the experiment and numerical calculations. The experimental tests include temperature measurements in specific points in two samples remaining in contact with each other. The numerical part uses the inverse solution and the finite element method for the calculation of the heat flux on the contact surface. An analysis was performed on the effect of the steel grade used in the tests on the result of heat transfer determination in contact phenomena. The calculations were conducted with the application of proprietary software using the inverse method integrated with FEM.
Źródło:
Computer Methods in Materials Science; 2020, 20, 4; 165-172
2720-4081
2720-3948
Pojawia się w:
Computer Methods in Materials Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Procedure for Trace Analysis of Toluene
Autorzy:
Heidari, H. R.
Shahtaheri, S. J.
Golbabaei, F.
Alimohammadi, M.
Rahimi-Froushani, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
headspace
solid phase microextraction
gas chromatography
toluene
Opis:
This study describes optimization of headspace solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector for toluene at trace level in spiked urine. The parameters affecting the extraction and gas chromatographic determination of analytes were studied: extraction time and temperature; desorption time and temperature; addition of NaCl; and pH, volume and agitation of the sample. Optimized headspace extraction was carried out at 30 °C for 6 min in the presence of 0.2 g⋅m–1of NaCl in the sample solution. Also, sample volume and sample pH were optimized at 5 ml and 7 (neutral pH), respectively. Desorption of the analytes was carried out at 250 °C for 60 s. The optimized procedure was validated with 3 different pools of spiked urine; it showed good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days and 6 within-day experiments. The study also determined the accuracy, linearity and detection limits of this method.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 4; 395-405
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On a thermodynamic model of fluid-saturated porous medium
Autorzy:
Kosiński, W.
Kubik, J.
Cieszko, M.
Kaczmarek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280580.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
fluid-saturated porous solid
entropy
heat flux
Opis:
In order to describe isotropic pore structure of a solid skeleton satureted with a fluid, two internal state variables are introduced: a volume porosity... and a structural parameter... . The internal friction in the skeleton material is incorporated by a tensor-valued internal state variable... . Thermal properties are described by a single antropy density function... and two thermal state variables... and... . In the energy balance law, both heat fluxes appear and an added mass effect is incorporated to manifest the influence of the pore structure of the skeleton on the fluid motion. Consequences of the second law of thermodynamics are formulated in the form of four potential relations for stresses and heat flux vectors together with a representation of interaction forces.
Termodynamiczny model ośrodka porowatego nasyconego cieczą. Zaproponowano prosty model termodynamicznego ośrodka porowatego nasyconego cieczą. Dla opisu izotropowej struktury porów stałego szkieletu nasyconego cieczą zostały wprowadzone dwie skalarne zmienne stanu: objętościowa porowatość... i parametr strukturalny... .Lepkość wewnętrzna materiału szkieletu została uwzględniona poprzez tensorową zmienną stanu... .Własności termiczne zostały opisane przez pojedyńczą funkcję gęstości entropii... i dwie termiczne zmienne stanu ... i ... . W prawie bilansu energii występują oba strumienie ciepła, zaś uwzględnienie efektu masy dołączonej odzwierciedla wpływstruktury porów na ruch cieczy. Sformułowano konsekwencje drugiego prawa termodynamiki w postaci 4 związków potencjalnych dla naprężeń i wektorów strumienia ciepła wraz z reprezentacją sił oddziaływania.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2001, 39, 1; 3-12
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonlinear and linear pressure determination in a two-layer structure: solid crystal - water at GHz frequencies
Autorzy:
Filipczyński, L.
Wójcik, J.
Kujawska, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332574.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
Tematy:
pressure determination
solid crystal
water
GHz frequencies
Opis:
Determination of acoustic pressures at the frequency of 1 GHz by means of PVDF hydrophones is not possible due to their limited frequency response. Moreover, the size of their active electrodes is by about 3 orders of magnitude greater than the resolution in the acoustic microscopes at such a high frequency. Therefore the authors solved this problem at first in a microscope with the working frequency of 34 MHz using both the numerical and experimental methods. A numerical procedure of nonlinear propagation and transducer power measurements were applied giving in effect the same quantitative results. Therefore the identical numerical procedure was used for the l GHz microscope working in the reflection mode. Many pressure field quantities of the microscope were shown, e.g. the pressure values, distributions of the first, second, third and fourth pressure harmonics in and outside of the focus, pulse distortions and their spectra, the resolutions achieved etc. The obtained information on nonlinear propagation effects in microscopy was previously lacking.
Źródło:
Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 143-150
1642-1817
Pojawia się w:
Hydroacoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Uniaxial Tensile Tests for Homogeneous Solid Propellants under Various Loading Conditions
Autorzy:
Zalewski, R.
Wolszakiewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
solid propellants
experimental results
temperature
strain rate
Opis:
The main object of this paper is to reveal basic response of solid rocket fuels to different working conditions such as variable strain rates or temperature. Experimental data acquired during experimental tests is a base for development of a suitable constitutive model for homogeneous solid propellants. In the world literature there is still insuffcient information about typical mechanical features for considered materials. Universal standards for carrying out typical strength experiments have not yet been fully elaborated for this type of materials. Such problems as quasi-static strain range for solid propellants or so called scale effect are still not standardized. Though, this paper is a next step in preliminary investigation devoted to modeling of nonlinear properties of solid propellants. In particular, the infuence of temperature and strain rate on selected mechanical parameters variations is discussed.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2011, 8, 4; 223-231
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
STABILITY STUDIES OF CEFTIOFUR SODIUM IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND IN THE SOLID PHASE
Autorzy:
Dołhań, Agnieszka
Sobczak, Agnieszka
Muszalska, Izabela
Medenecka, Beata
Garbacki, Piotr
Tomczak, Szymon
Jelińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895368.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
Tematy:
stability
kinetic parameters
thermodynamic parameters
solid phase
Opis:
Ceftiofur sodium (CFT), a third-generation cephalosporin for parenteral use, is commonly used in veterinary medicine against aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as certain anaerobes. Its broad spectrum of activity and resistance to beta-lactamases result from the presence of methoxyimino and aminothiazole moieties at C-7 in the cephalosporin structure. The aim of this study was a comprehensive evaluation of the stability of CFT in the solid phase and in aqueous solutions. A fast and sensitive HPLC isocratic method was used for the determination of CFT degradation in the solid phase and in aqueous solutions. CFT degradation occurred according to a first-order reaction depending on the substrate concentration. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of CFT degradation in the solid phase were calculated. General acid-base hydrolysis of CFT was not observed in the solutions of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, phosphate (pH 5.84 – 7.25), acetate (pH 3.65 – 5.48) and borate (pH 7.49 – 10.07) buffers. CFT was the most stable in the pH range 2 – 6. The susceptibility of CFT to degradation under the influence of stress factors (pH, temperature, buffer components concentration, relative air humidity) should be considered in terms of storage conditions and the preparation of the product for administration.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2018, 75, 6; 1279-1286
0001-6837
2353-5288
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rapid, sensitive and accurate method for determination of Lafutidine hydrochloride in human plasma by RP-HPLC system
Autorzy:
Vekariya, P. P.
Joshi, H. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412425.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
HPLC-PDA
Human plasma
Solid phase Extraction
Opis:
Simple and rapid reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated using Phenomenex Gemini c18 (4.6 x 250 mm, 5 μ) reverse phase column for the determination of LAF in human plasma, Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) technique was used for the extraction of analyte, detection was carried out by Photo Diode Array detector at 216 nm. Chromatographic resolution of the LAF was achieved within 4.6 min by using mobile phase Methanol and 5 mM Di-Potassium Hydrogen Phosphate Buffer (pH 9.5) (80:20, v/v), flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Calibration curve was linear with correlation coefficient of 0.9996 in the range of 50-1000 ng/mL, Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) were 10 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL respectively, intra and inter-day deviations were lower than 3.92 % and 3.98 % respectively. The overall mean recovery of LAF was 94.57 %. No any endogenous constituents were found to interfere at retention time of the analyte. This new RP-HPLC method was successfully validated and may be applied to conduct bioavailability & bioequivalence studies of LAF.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 7; 9-20
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Motor Fuels and Energy – Producing Fuels Generation Based on the Processing of Municipal Solid Waste Organic Components
Autorzy:
Temirbekova, Marzhan
Wójcik, Waldemar
Stoyak, Vyacheslav V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
bioethanol
fermentation
ethanol fermentation
Opis:
Municipal solid waste management and its disposal are considered one of the major challenges facing the urban communities around the world. Effective solid waste treatment involves a variety of approaches, treatment technologies and concepts to ensure the protection of public health and the environment. Waste landfill is the method most commonly used worldwide, despite all the significant environmental, health and economic consequences. Thus, alternative methods such as the municipal solid waste pretreatment, fermentation, ethanol fermentation and anaerobic fermentation have been the focus of heightened attention. Using these methods, an alcohol-containing liquid was obtained from 1.5 kg of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), which had an ethanol percentage of 97.45%. Consequently, if properly managed and used, municipal solid waste can be a viable source of energy rather than a source of pollution.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 7; 73-80
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trace Elements in Popular Coals Burnt in Low Power Boilers
Autorzy:
Wiater, Józefa
Wojciula, Ada
Szatyłowicz, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028186.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
hard coal
combustion
solid fuel
heavy metals
Opis:
The aim of the research was to demonstrate differences in the content of trace elements (U, Th, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Cd, Mo, Hg, Pb, W, Ba) in coal mined in Poland and coal imported from Russia, which are widely available on the market. Ecophile, cube and nut were selected for the research. Among them 3 come from Russia and 3 from Poland. The samples were mineralized and the heavy metal content was determined with the use of mass spectrometry with excitation in induced plasma. The research allowed us to conclude that the same carbon grades showed completely different metal contents and depended on the place of origin. The greatest amount of trace elements was found to be found in ecophysics from Poland (durin). Relatively large contamination with trace elements was also found in Polish peach (window) and in Russian walnut. A relatively high content of uranium was found in three samples, including the ecophyses. When burning coal, even of high quality, we expose the environment to the burden of trace elements, including radioactive elements present in their composition. Heavy metals from coal combustion constantly accumulate in the environment and so far no standards have been established for their content in this fuel.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 11; 178-187
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Recycling and Disposal in Malang City Indonesia
Autorzy:
Sunarto, S.
Purwanto, P.
Hadi, S. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
integrated solid waste management
recycling
GHG emission
Opis:
Increased waste generation due to population growth and increasing consumption patterns cause pollution, including pollution in global scale due to the emission of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the waste in the landfill. The study purposed to analyze the GHG (Green House Gases) emission generated by solid waste management in Malang in 2012 and in the next 10 years through the application of waste recycling from upstream to downstream. The production of methane (CH4) in landfill were analyzed using the model equations developed by IPPC (2001) and the reduction of the GHG from recycling were analyzed using GHG emission factors. Dynamic model of the GHG emission was developed to analyze and to predict GHG emission from recycling and dumping activity. The GHG emissions of waste management in 2012 (Scenario 1) is 192,291.19 tCO2e and in the next 10 years is 254,548.93 tCO2e (>32.19%). Application of Scenario 2 and Scenario 3 in the next 10 years produces GHG emission 134,290.38 tCO2e (<30.16%) and 37,741.56 tCO2e (<80.37%).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 3; 74-82
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bonding of birch solid wood of sawmill surface roughness with use of selected thermoplastic biopolymers
Autorzy:
Gumowska, Aneta
Kowaluk, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
solid wood
bonding
surface roughness
shear strength
Opis:
Bonding of birch solid wood of sawmill surface roughness with use of selected thermoplastic biopolymers. The aim of the research was to determine the shear strength and in-wood damage share of the birch lamellas of the surface shaped by rotary saw cutting and bonded with use of selected thermoplastic biopolymers, like polylactide (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), as well as with use of polypropylene (PP) as a reference bonding material. The results show that the highest mechanical properties have been achieved in case of PLA used as a binder.
Łączenie drewna brzozy o chropowatości drewna tartacznego z wykorzystaniem wybranych biopolimerów termoplastycznych. Celem badań było określenie wytrzymałości na ścinanie i udziału zniszczenia w drewnie lameli brzozowych o powierzchniach ukształtowanych na pilarce tarczowej i sklejonych przy użyciu wybranych biopolimerów termoplastycznych, takich jak polilaktyd (PLA) i polikaprolakton (PCL), jak również z zastosowaniem polipropylenu (PP) jako referencyjnego materiału wiążącego. Badania wykazały najwyższą przydatność PLA do łączenia litego drewna brzozy, podczas gdy pozostałe wykorzystane w badaniach polimery dawały spoinę o niższych od wspomnianego polimeru wytrzymałości.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2019, 106; 9--15
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dinitrotoluene Synthesis Using Solid State Catalysts - MoO3/SiO2 and H3PO4/MoO3/SiO2
Autorzy:
Adamiak, J.
Skupiński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
toluene nitration
dinitrotoluene
solid catalyst
heteropoly acid
Opis:
Dinitrotoluene (DNT) has a lot of applications. It is mainly used in the production of polyurethane forms. Other uses include the explosives industry. It is converted to trinitrotoluene (TNT), or used as an additive in propellants. The main aim of these researches was to obtain DNT in one stage process with solid acid catalyst and nitric acid. The solid catalysts were composed of transition metal oxide (MoO3) and silica gel. One of them was modifed by phosphoric acid (H3PO4/MoO3/SiO2). The addition of phosphoric acid to these catalysts enhances catalytic properties and gives new structures on the surface – mixture of MoO3 and 12-molybdophosphoric acid. The activity of two catalysts in toluene nitration was compared. Higher yields of DNT were obtained in shorter time and with lower excess of HNO3 using modifed catalyst H3PO4/MoO3/SiO2 than using catalyst MoO3/SiO2. The very high yield of DNT (85%) was obtained in the reaction with only tenfold excess of nitric acid with 10 g of H3PO4/MoO3/SiO2. The way of regeneration of the catalyst system H3PO4/MoO3/SiO2 was found and time of storing was examined.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2010, 7, 3; 301-311
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of the Energetic Complex [Cu(TNBI)(NH3)2(H2O)] in Heterogeneous Solid Rocket Propellants
Autorzy:
Bogusz, R.
Rećko, J.
Magnuszewska, P.
Lewczuk, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
CuTNO
RDX
HTPB
heterogeneous solid rocket propellant
Opis:
This paper presents results from the application of [Cu(TNBI)(NH3)2(H2O)] (CuTNO) to heterogeneous solid rocket propellants based on HTPB/AP, replacing RDX. A series of different compositions of solid heterogeneous rocket propellants based on HTPB and ammonium perchlorate, containing CuTNO or RDX, were prepared and investigated. The ballistic parameters of the examined propellants were determined by combustion in a laboratory rocket motor (LRM). The ballistic properties were evaluated in the pressure range 4-10 MPa and it was found that the linear burning rate at 10 MPa increased by more than 20% for the CuTNO containing propellant, compared to the RDX-based composition. By linear regression of the r = f(p) curves obtained, the burning laws for the investigated propellants were determined. It was found that the CuTNO additive increases the pressure coefficient by over 46%, compared to unmodified propellant. The determination of the sensitivities to friction and impact, the calorific value, hardness and decomposition temperature of the propellants obtained were also investigated.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 391-402
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solid state alcoholic fermentation of apple pomace
Fermentacja alkoholowa wytłoków jabłkowych w stałej fazie
Autorzy:
Jarosz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399056.pdf
Data publikacji:
1988
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
apple pomace
raw ethanol
solid state fermentation
Opis:
Solid state fermentation of apple pomace for the production of ethanol using the B-4 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae baker's yeast and natural microflora is described. Ethanol yield ranged from 78 to 90% of the theoretical yield. Natural fermentation is slower than fermentation with yeast, and the obtained raw ethanol contains more impurities.
Przeprowadzono fermentację alkoholową w stałej fazie 3 próbek wytłoków jabłkowych pobranych w zakładach przemysłowych. Skład chemiczny wytłoków podano w tab. 1. Fermentację prowadzono wykorzystując naturalną mikroflorę oraz dodając 0,5 i 1,0% suchej masy drożdży Saccharomyces cerevisiae rasy B-4 oraz drożdży piekarskich w stosunku do masy fermentowanych wytłoków. Proces prowadzono w temp. 20-23 i 30°C. W temp. 30°C fermentacja alkoholowa jest praktycznie zakończona po 24 h. Otrzymano 78 do 90% etanolu w stosunku do wydajności teoretycznej. Oznacza to, że z 1 t wytłoków jabłkowych można otrzymać ok. 40 dm³ 100° spirytusu. Fermentacja przy wykorzystaniu naturalnej mikroflory wytłoków przebiega znacznie wolniej w porównaniu z fermentacją z dodatkiem drożdży, a otrzymany spirytus zawiera kilkakrotnie więcej aldehydów i estrów (tab. 4).
Źródło:
Acta Alimentaria Polonica; 1988, 14(38), 3-4; 139-144
0137-1495
Pojawia się w:
Acta Alimentaria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of recyclates in the polyurethane industry: Environmental and economic aspects
Autorzy:
Bielenia, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033628.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
recyclates
solid wastes
polymeric materials
polyurethane industry
Opis:
The main objective of this article was to provide an overview of the polyurethane industry and waste treatment methods to identify the best method for polyurethane (PUR) reprocessing (recycling). To understand the need for recycling, existing knowledge will be referenced. Many literature studies discuss the role of recyclates in the polyurethane industry. According to these, the best available options to recapture value, for example, from raw materials, are polyurethane recycling and energy recovery. The research material was created via the glycolysis of polyurethane foam scrap. The experiments in this work include the glycolysis of polyurethane foam with a complex discussion of materials (polyurethane foam, glycols, catalysts, and properties of the obtained recyclate). Based on the research, analyses, and tests carried out related to glycolysis, the most appropriate conditions to recover polyols from scrap were the following reaction conditions: temperature 170–190°C; pH – basic; and atmosphere (air), which was the same for all samples. A total of 14 samples were tested. Two samples GL:12 [6:1] and GL 13 [8:1] were futher investigated. The numbers presented in brackets [6:1] mean that a ratio of 180 g of polyurethane foam and 30 g 1-3-propyleneglycol was used. The outstanding properties of glycolysate samples called GL:12 [6:1] and GL 13 [8:1] were achieved thanks to the ranges of the basic parameters (dosage time, time after dosage). The sample GL:12 [6:1] – dosage time 20 min and time after dosage 15 min and the GL 13 [8:1] sample – dosage time 22 min and time after dosage 15 min. The apparatus used for glycolysis included: reactor +heater, stirrer, feeder, reflux condenser, thermocouple, and temperature regulator. By analyzing the obtained results, it can be concluded that the most promising polyurethane waste management process is glycolysis.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2021, 67 (139); 29-35
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
All-optical intensity noise suppression for solid-state and semiconductor lasers
Autorzy:
Csörnyei, M.
Berceli, T.
Marozsák, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309387.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
laser noise
neodymium:solid lasers
optical communication
Opis:
This paper will report on a new all-optical technique of relative intensity noise (RIN) suppression for solidstate and semiconductor lasers. The new scheme we have used is based on an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (UMZI), which is able to cancel the intensity noise enhancement at relaxation resonance. Although the relaxation oscillations frequency and the level of the corresponding noise maximum are extremely different concerning solid-state microchip lasers and semiconductor laser diodes, the proposed passive noise suppression is well suited for both types of laser sources used in telecommunication. The UMZ fiber interferometer solution for solid-state lasers demonstrated hereunder was generalized and deployed in case of semiconductor lasers as well.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2005, 2; 65-70
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrometallurgical treatment of hazardous copper Cottrell dusts to recover copper
Autorzy:
Alguacil, F. J.
Regel-Rosocka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
Cu solid wastes
leaching
solvent extraction
cementation
Opis:
Copper flue dusts, or copper Cottrell dusts, from three types of copper smelting furnaces were leached with different ammonia-based reagents (ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate and aqueous ammonia solutions) to dissolve the oxidised copper species via the formation of copper-ammonia complexes, so that most of the copper-accompanying metals, especially iron, remained in the solid residue. Such copper-bearing dusts are not only valuable secondary source of copper but also are considered as hazardous materials and cannot be dumped as such. Therefore, two procedures for copper dust treatment are proposed, one of them includes ammonium-based leaching, liquid-liquid extraction with LIX 860 (aldoxime), LIX 84 (ketoxime) or LIX 54 (β-diketone) and electrowinning to grade A copper cathode. The other one covers also ammonium-based leaching followed by cementation with zinc to copper cement as a final product.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 771-780
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of Post-Mining Soil and Solid Waste from Silica Sand Purification
Autorzy:
Susianti, Bernadetha
Warmadewanthi, Idaa
Tangahu, Bieby Voijant
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
characteristic
post-mining
purification
soil
solid waste
Opis:
Post-mining soil and solid waste from the silica sand refining industry is widespread and the potential long-term impact of toxic metals and metalloids is a significant and under-appreciated issue. This study presents the characteristics of post-mining soil and solid waste resulting from silica sand purification to observe its physical, chemical, and biological composition. Analysis of the physical properties was carried out with reference to ASTM 112-10 and the results show that post-mining soil contains 36.95% sand, 18.80% clay, and 42.74% silt, with coefficients of permeability and porosity of 0.69×10-6 cm•s-1 and 35.84%, respectively. Meanwhile, the solid waste contains 43.35% sand, 35.96% clay, and 20.68% silt with coefficients of permeability and porosity of 1.49×10-6 cm•s-1 and 51.12%. The overall mineralogy and morphology of both samples showed that they have the same chemical composition as gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7), spinel (MgAl2O4), akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), monticellite (CaMgSiO4), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and hematite (Fe2O3) supports this data. The chemical composition of both samples is SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and MgO, but the post-mining soil has lower heavy metal and nutrient contents compared to solid waste. Meanwhile, solid waste has a high content of heavy metals and nutrients due to washing and bonding from the silica sand purification process. The abundance of bacteria (Colony Forming Unit) for the 10-4 and 10-5 dilutions in post-mining soil was 1.59×103and not detected, while in the solid waste, 4.10×105 and 1.64×105 were found, respectively. This study can be used as base values for modifying the two samples, which can be applied in mining land reclamation.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 8; 277--289
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment and Analysis of the Soot Load Emitted from Hard Coal Combustion in the Area of a Selected Settlement Unit
Autorzy:
Szatyłowicz, Ewa
Siemieniuk, Anna
Wiater, Józefa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
soot
combustion
solid fuel
winter season
PAHs
Opis:
Currently, the soot load from solid fuel combustion is not measured or counted, because it is included as part of particulate matter emitted from combustion sources. However, recent reports indicate that after carbon dioxide, soot is the most important contributor to current climate change. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess the soot load that is emitted during the winter season from individual heat sources where hard coal was burned or co-fired. Soot emission analysis and assessment were carried out in the selected settlement unit. Soot was collected monthly throughout the heating period at the chimney flue outlet, and analyzed for the PAH content. From these results and the information obtained from the users of individual heat sources, the soot load emitted from the installation in question during the entire heating period and the load of the sum of 16 PAHs and benzo(a)pyrene also during the entire heating period were calculated. It was found that the PAH content in soot largely depends on the type of boiler, the form of hard coal and wood addition burned, and the age of the boiler. The soot load, on the other hand, depends on the amount of hard coal burned, the type of boiler, how the combustion process is carried out, etc.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 9; 187--192
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Use of Granulation to Reduce Dusting and Manage of Fine Coal
Autorzy:
Ozga, M.
Borowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
granulation
fine coal
dusting
management
solid fuels
Opis:
The development of mining and processing industries is accompanied by the formation of fine-grained waste materials that must undergo the treatment. Sometimes, grinding materials is a prerequisite for further processing. The issues of coal dust and fine coal granulation conducted to obtain homogeneous and persistent pieces for application in various branches of industry were presented. The article describes the binders and additives were applied in order to change the properties of the granules. The key factors affecting the process of fine-grained coal granulation is discussed. Granulated coal dust is most useful as an alternative fuel for combustion in industrial and household heating systems. However, carbon fuel requires a systematic control of the mechanical strength and resistance to external factors.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 3; 218-224
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solid State Synthesis of Europium Zirconate Based Material
Autorzy:
Mikuśkiewicz, M.
Moskal, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353816.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
europium zirconates
solid-state synthesis
pyrochlores
TBC
Opis:
In the article, the characterization of the microstructure, phase composition and distribution of elements in the Eu2 O3 -ZrO2 sintered materials obtained by four different ways of powders’ homogenization (mixing) process and different temperature of sintering process is shown. The feedstock powders with an average mole ratio of ZrO2 to Eu2 O3 equal 74% to 26% were used as an initial material. The principal aim of the investigation was characterization of differences in the microstructure of the same type of ceramics, however, prepared via different mixing and manufacturing processes. The range of the investigation covered a characterization of these materials via phase identification of all samples by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and characterization of internal morphology of the specimens with detailed analysis of elements distributions by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy dispersive spectrometry). The aim of the following investigation is to characterize the possibilities of the solid state synthesis of the europium zirconate based materials, dedicated for TBC applications.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 4; 1343-1352
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Solid Contamination in Ball Bearing Through Acoustic Emission Signals
Autorzy:
Sheriff, K. A. I.
Hariharan, V.
Kannan, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bearing
solid contamination
acoustic emission
signal parameter
Opis:
Acoustic emission is one of the effective techniques used for the condition monitoring of rolling element bearings. Contamination is one of the major reasons for bearing early failure due to presence of solid particle in lubricant grease. In most cases, outer race is stationary and the inner race is attached to the rotating assembly. The lubrication is very essential for the bearing to perform under various demanding conditions. The main aim of this project is to analyze the effect of contamination of lubricant by solid particles on the dynamic behavior of rolling bearing. Green sand at three concentration levels 5%, 15%, 25% and different particle sizes 75 μm, 106 μm and 150μm is used to contaminate the lubricant. Experimental tests have been performed for different load and speed condition in good and contaminated ball bearings lubricated with grease. The trends in the amount of AE waves affected by the contamination of the grease were determined. Acoustic emission signals were analyzed in terms of RMS, kurtosis, and peak-peak.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 3; 1871-1874
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimating solid contaminant levels in beach sands through petrographic analysis, screening evaluation, and optical imaging
Autorzy:
Kuś, Sebastian
Jelonek, Zbigniew
Jelonek, Iwona
Sierka, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311567.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
beach
optical analysis
petrographic analysis
solid pollution
Opis:
Determining the level of solid pollution in beach sands located near artificial inland water bodies in order to maintain high safety standards is a difficult and expensive task. The tests aimed at determining beach pollution caused by solid wastes through analysis of toxic and chemical concentrations, are time-consuming and usually require several days before the results are available. In addition, the maintenance of the beach area involving beach raking or grooming, and the seasonal replenishment of sand makes it difficult to realistically determine the chemical or bacterial contamination of the tested material. Solid pollutants, such as glass, caps, cans, thick foil, metal, and plastic fragments, pose a greater health risk to beachgoers. The above-mentioned pollutants, especially small ones, are hardly visible on the surface or they are buried at shallow depths. Beach garbage poses a serious threat that can lead to infections from cuts and scratches. These injuries can become infected, further jeopardizing the health and lives of beachgoers due to risks like tetanus, staphylococcus, etc. The authors presented a new petrographic method aimed at assessing the quality of sand by examining the content of solid pollutants. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that the mentioned procedure can be used for a quick quantitative estimation of the content of potentially dangerous and undesirable pollutants in beach sands. Consequently, the method implemented to determent the amount of solid pollutants in beach sands has proven to be a valuable tool for recreational facility administrators, helping them in taking necessary measures to ensure the safety of beach users. Petrographic analysis of beach sands revealed the presence of pollutants of plant origin (0.4–1.8%), plastic (0.1–0.4%), paper (0.1–0.6%), charcoal (0.1–0.5%), glass (0.1–0.4%), metals (0.1–0.4%), rust (0.1–0.3%), ash and slag (0.1–0.3%), and fossil coals (0.1–0.2%).
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2023, 49, 3; 50--63
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life Cycle assessment of traditional market solid waste management in Malang Regency, Indonesia
Autorzy:
Hardianto, Hardianto
Tjahjadi, Martinus Edwin
Sunaryo, Dedy Kurnia
Sudiasa, I Nyoman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323983.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
life cycle assessment
LCA
municipal solid waste
classification of solid waste
ocena cyklu życia
odpady stałe
klasyfikacja odpadów stałych
Opis:
Traditional markets in Malang Regency are divided into four classes with particular classifications. The traditional market solid waste research aims to show the environmental impact of solid waste management efforts using life cycle assessment (LCA) and selected scenarios to reduce solid waste sustainably. The planned management follows four scenarios: Scenario 0 represents the baseline scenario. Scenario 1 assumes that non-composted solid waste recycling is carried out. Scenario 2 assumes that composting takes place. Finally, Scenario 3 assumes that non-composted solid waste recycling and composting are integrative ely carried out by building a reduced reuse recycle solid waste treatment facility (TPS 3R) near the market. The environmental impact analysis was carried out with various impact categories (carcinogens, respiratory organics, respiratory inorganics, climate change, radiation, ozone layer, ecotoxicity, acidification/eutrophication, land use, minerals, and fossil fuels). The results show that the smallest environmental impact is in Scenario 3 in most classes, namely the scenario where non-composted solid waste was integrative ely recycled and composted.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2023, 49, 3; 43--52
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metrological Aspects of Controlling the Rotational Movement Parameters of the Auger for Dewatering Solid Waste in a Garbage Truck
Autorzy:
Wójcik, Waldemar
Bereziuk, Oleh V.
Lemeshev, Mykhailo S.
Bohachuk, Volodymyr V.
Polishchuk, Leonid K.
Bezsmertna, Oksana
Smailova, Saule
Kurmagazhanova, Saule
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
dehydration
auger
measuring
digital control
Opis:
In the article, a device for measuring the parameters of the rotational movement of the auger for dewatering solid waste is proposed based on the analysis of signal processing methods and measurement of physical quantities. It can be used in the development of high-performance special vehicles for transporting waste as the main link in the structure of machines for the collection and primary processing of solid waste. The structural scheme of the means and block diagram of the microcontroller control program algorithm for implementation of the device for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion are proposed. The main technical characteristics of the proposed means are given. The results of experimental tests for measuring the parameters of rotational motion are shown. The results of experimental studies, which are given in the work, confirmed the reliability of the measured parameters.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 2; 233--238
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic measurement and simulation of bulk solids during silo discharge
Autorzy:
Ostendorf, M.
Schwedes, J.
Antes, H.
Böhrnsen, J. U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
bulk solid
silo
load cells
FEM
hypoplasticity
viscosity
Opis:
This paper deals with the experimental investigation and numerical simulation of silo discharge processes, including dynamic interactions between silo filling and elastic silo walls. The experiments have taken place in a large model silo with a height of 3m and a rectangular base of 800 to 400mm. Optical measurement techniques have been applied to investigate the flow profile, while load cells on the silo walls have registered the stress' evolution, e.g. a stress peak (switch) move from the outlet to the transition of hopper and shaft. The measured data have been compared with simulation results of the Institute of Applied Mechanics at the Technical University of Braunschweig. It has been possible because the numerical simulation examples have been chosen to be similar to the experimental test silo. The discharge process in the simulation is described by a system of nonlinear differential equations. Via the Finite Element Method (FEM) based on an Eulerian reference frame deformation rate, velocity field, porosity and stress distribution can be calculated without the need for re-meshing the FE grid.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2003, 7, 4; 611-621
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Correction Procedure of Wave Signals for a Viscoelastic Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar
Autorzy:
Janiszewski, J.
Bużantowicz, W.
Baranowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/403348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
solid mechanics
viscoelastic bar
Split-Hopkinson pressure bar
Opis:
A polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bar technique (SHPB) is preferred for testing materials with low mechanical impedance. However, the use of polymeric bars requires additional analysis for data reduction, temperature complications and additional restrictions compared with traditional metallic pressure bars. A viscoelastic material, such as PMMA, exhibits both wave attenuation and wave dispersion. When a wave travels through a polymer bar, the wave amplitude decreases due to attenuation and the wave shape becomes distorted. Therefore, signals measured at given positions on a viscoelastic bar do not represent the pulse at another position along the pressure bar without complex corrections. This paper is concerned with the problem of correction of dispersion and attenuation of waves in the viscoelastic SHPB. It has been demonstrated that the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectral analysis method used to reconstruct wave profiles on the measured signals which are being distorted by wave attenuation and dispersion effects is valid and allows for obtaining satisfactory results for tire rubber.
Źródło:
Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa; 2016, 7, 1 (23); 17-30
2081-5891
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie reaktora kompaktowego do fermentacji metanowej odpadów komunalnych
Application of compact reactor for methane fermentation of municipal waste
Autorzy:
Sidełko, R.
Chmielińska-Bernacka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
reaktor kompaktowy
fermentacja metanowa
solid waste
methane fermentation
Opis:
The concept of construction and operation of the compact biological reactor designed to methane fermentation conventionally referred to the organic fraction extracted from municipal waste is reserved in a patent application (UP no. 398238). Presented idea can be defined as innovative in the context of first, construction related directly to the type of machinery responsible for the conduct of individual processes integrated with the bioreactor which is the essence of the complementary device. The second, course of action based on the implementation processes of the vaccination, handling, mixing, heating, and removal of the mass during fermentation process. Thirdly, develop principles of selection of the device with a description of the parameters to make a reliable technical-economic assessment depending on the desired effect in terms of the quantity of biogas and consequently the electricity production.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 1; 683-693
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praktyczne określanie parametrów balistycznych silnika rakietowego na paliwo stałe
Practical assessment of solid propellant rocket motor ballistic characteristics
Autorzy:
Nowicki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/235885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia
Tematy:
silniki rakietowe
paliwo stałe
rocket engines
solid propellant
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono metodę praktycznego obliczania parametrów balistycznych silnika rakietowego na paliwo stałe tj. ciśnienia roboczego w komorze spalania, ciągu, czasu pracy oraz impulsu całkowitego i jednostkowego. Przedstawiono metodę, która dzięki przyjęciu szeregu uproszczeń, pozwala na szybkie określenie tych parametrów z dostateczną dla praktyki dokładnością. Metoda ta łącznie z zasadami określania parametrów konstrukcyjnych silnika (parametry ładunku, komory spalania i zespołu dyszy) podanymi w [1÷4] umożliwia znaczne skrócenie etapu wstępnego projektowania silnika i szybkie przejście do etapu badań stacjonarnych modeli silnika na hamowni, które weryfikują konstrukcję silnika pod względem spełnienia postawionych wymagań balistycznych. Pokazano praktyczne zastosowanie tej metody. Na przykładzie silnika startowego imitatora celu powietrznego ICP-G, przeznaczonego do prowadzenia badań strzelaniem rakiet przeciwlotniczych, pokazano sposób obliczania parametrów balistycznych silnika. Przedstawiono kryteria, przesłanki i zależności umożliwiające, na wstępnym etapie projektowania silnika napędowego imitatora, określenie bardzo zbliżonych do docelowych, parametrów balistycznych silnika. Przedstawiono także wyniki badań stacjonarnych silnika na hamowni potwierdzające praktyczną przydatność tej metody przy balistycznym projektowaniu silników rakietowych na paliwo stałe.
A practical method to calculate ballistic characteristics of solid propellant rocket motors such as burning chamber working pressure, thrust, time of operation, total and specific impulse, was presented in the paper. Presented method due to admission of some simplifications allows for fast determination of above mentioned characteristics and provides an accuracy which is sufficient for practical usage. This method together with principles for determination of motor designing characteristics such as load capacity and specifications of burning chamber and the nozzle, given in [1-4], enables to shorten the motor’s initial designing stage to start experiments on the testing bed and verify the fulfilment of earlier set ballistic requirements. The application of this method is illustrated in the paper on the example of a booster motor of the aerial target imitator ICP-G used to test accuracy of antiaircraft missile self-guided heads at live firings. Some formulations enabling at the initial designing stage the specification of motor ballistic characteristics which comply with the final performance of the motor are included in the paper. Presented experimental results of tests can serve as a confirmation of practical usefulness for proposed method.
Źródło:
Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia; 2009, R. 38, z. 112; 25-33
1230-3801
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowoczesne metody transportu paliw stałych w automatycznych kotłach małej mocy
Modern methods for transportation of solid fuel in automatic small boilers
Autorzy:
Urbaniak, R.
Judt, W.
Nygard, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/317096.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
paliwo stałe
kotły
palnik
solid fuel
boiler
burner
Opis:
Nowoczesne kotły małej mocy na paliwa stałe wyposażone w automatyczne układy doprowadzania paliwa do komory paleniskowej, stają się w dzisiejszych czasach rozwiązaniem coraz powszechniej stosowanym. Precyzyjne dawkowanie ilości dostarczanego paliwa, gwarantuje zarówno ekonomikę procesu spalania jak i spełnienie kryteriów emisyjnych określonych w normie PN-EN 303-5:2012. Autorzy artykułu przedstawili najnowsze rozwiązania konstrukcyjne krajowych producentów kotłów spełniających kryteria klasy 5, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem możliwości regulacyjnych charakteryzujących poszczególne konstrukcje.
Modern low power solid fuel boilers equipped with automatic fuel supply systems into the combustion chamber are becoming increasingly popular today. The precise dosage of the fuel supplied guarantees both the economy of the combustion process and the fulfillment of the emission criteria set out in PN-EN 303-5:2012. The authors present the latest construction solutions of domestic boiler manufacturers meeting the criteria of class 5, with particular emphasis on regulatory capabilities characterizing individual constructions.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 12; 646-650, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metodyki pomiaru współczynnika trwałości brykietowanych biopaliw stałych
Methods for measuring the durability of solid biofuel
Autorzy:
Fiszer, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
paliwo stałe
trwałość
pomiar
solid biofuel
durability
measuring
Opis:
Omówiono metodyki pomiaru współczynnika trwałości biopaliw stałych otrzymywanych przez zagęszczanie biomasy. Wskazano na rozbieżność wyników pomiarów otrzymywanych przy zastosowaniu różnych metodyk i w konsekwencji brak możliwości ich porównania. Zaproponowano wprowadzenie "spoistości dynamicznej", jako wielkości fizykomechanicznej charakteryzującej trwałość aglomeratów biomasowych.
Various kinds of methodology for measuring the durability of solid biofuels obtained by condensation of biomass have been discussed. Discrepancy of measurements obtained by using different methodologies and consequently inability to compare them has been pointed out. Introduction of dynamic cohesion, as a physical-and-mechanical quantity characterizing durability of biomass agglomerates has been proposed.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2010, 55, 3; 68-70
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of the Viscoplastic Behaviour of Homogeneous Solid Propellants
Autorzy:
Pyrz, M.
Zalewski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
solid propellants
experiments
modelling
parameter identification
evolutionary algorithms
Opis:
This study is concerned with the mechanical properties of homogenous solid propellants. The experimental results demonstrate the high strain rate sensitivity of these materials. A modified viscoplastic model of the Bodner- Partom type was applied to simulate the nonlinear behaviour of solid propellants when subjected to uni-axial loading conditions. The material parameters of the constitutive law were identified numerically using the evolutionary algorithm. The capability of the proposed approach was investigated for a representative solid fuel sample. The efficiency of the method is discussed.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2015, 12, 1; 159-174
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computer simulation of temperature distribution on a solid target for 201Tl production
Autorzy:
Aboudzadeh Rovais, M. R.
Yousefi, K.
Ardaneh, K.
Mirzaii, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
heat transfer
computer simulation
solid target
thallium-201
Opis:
Thallium-201 is of great interest in nuclear medicine for diagnostic purposes. It is produced by the 203Tl(p,3n)201Pb nuclear reaction. Since the target for 201Tl production is a solid target and the maximum beam current for the irradiation has a direct relation with its temperature surface, therefore, the control of temperature during the irradiation is essential. Designing a proper cooling system is one of the important and determining parameters in radionuclide production efficiency. Non-controlled temperature would cause melting and consequently loss of target materials that could be very costly especially when an isotopically enriched material is used. In this study, the heat transfer and temperature distribution on the target has been simulated based on a computational fluid dynamics (CDF) code for the thermal behavior of the target during the irradiation and under the different beam currents, cooling flow rates and target designing. The results on the routinely used target for the production of 201Tl in AMIRS, showed that there was a good linearity between proton beam currents (in the range of 100–350 mi A) and maximum temperature on the thallium target (345–458 K). The results also showed that the flow rate of the cooling water can be brought down (from routinely used 45 L/min) to 15 L/min without any risk of melting of target material.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 283-289
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Higher Harmonic Contents in Salient Pole Synchronous Generator with Radial Incisions on the Solid Pole Surface
Autorzy:
Ludwinek, K.
Nadolski, R.
Staszak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367523.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Napędów i Maszyn Elektrycznych Komel
Tematy:
salient pole synchronous generator
solid rotor
higher harmonic
Opis:
The paper presents a comparison of higher harmonics in the induced voltages in the stator windings of three salient pole synchronous generators with different rotor construction. The comparison is done for generators with solid rotor without a skew, with solid rotor with radial incisions and with a rotor which consists of laminated electrotechnical steel with a skew. The calculations of the magnetic field distribution in the air gap are made in FEMM program. Comparison of the induced voltage waveforms in the stator windings is based on experimental investigations.
Źródło:
Maszyny Elektryczne: zeszyty problemowe; 2015, 4, 108; 113-118
0239-3646
2084-5618
Pojawia się w:
Maszyny Elektryczne: zeszyty problemowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grain Kinematics in Weak Linear Transport
Autorzy:
Ballio, F.
Radice, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
sediment transport
grain concentration and velocity
solid discharge
Opis:
Some preliminary results of measurements of one-dimensional sediment transport on a flat bed are presented. Image processing was applied to measure the time evolution of the areal concentration and the velocity of transported grains in a series of bed-load tests with values of the bed shear stress up to twice the threshold for incipient motion. The concentration and velocity data were used to compute the time evolution of the solid discharge per unit width. It was found, as expected, that the sediment transport is an episodic phenomenon, particularly at low shear stress; visualization of the moving particles allows recognition of the existence of longitudinal streaks, that can be more clearly observed when the sediment rate is weaker. The first and second order statistics of sediment concentration and velocity and solid discharge have been analyzed; the mean and standard deviation of the quantities increase as the transport intensity increases, while the coefficient of variation decreases. The ranges of variation of all the time-averaged quantities with the mean sediment rate are narrower if the zero values of the samples are disregarded prior to calculating the statistics; the coefficient of variation is almost constant. The solid discharge data samples were analyzed in the amplitude domain, by calculating the Cumulative Frequency Distributions; it was found that the shape of the CFDs computed with reference to the non-zero values of the sediment rate alone is self-similar regardless of the transport intensity.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2007, 54, 3; 223-242
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Coating on AISI 316 Stainless Steel by Thermodiffusion Method
Autorzy:
Akbarzadeh, M.
Zandrahimi, M.
Moradpour, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351550.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermo-diffusion method
solid lubricant coating
molybdenum disulfide
Opis:
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most widely used solid lubricants applied in different ways on the surfaces under friction. In this work, AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel was coated with MoS2, using thermo-diffusion method at different temperatures and times. Coatings properties were investigated using SEM, EDX, XRD and FTIR, Hardness Tester and Roughness tester. The results illustrated the formation of a uniform layer on the surface, containing MoS2 and MoO3–X phases. The thickness, grain size and the hardness of the coatings were 20-50 μm, 400-1000 nm and 350- 550 HV respectively. Friction tests carried out using ball-on-disc method under normal loads of 10 N under ambient conditions showed values of the friction coefficient 0.30-0.40. In addition, the kinetics of diffusion layers between the substrate and the coating were also investigated. It was found that there at steady temperature there is a parabolic relationship between the thickness of the diffusion layer and the treatment time. The activation energy for the process was estimated to be 143 kJ mol-1. Depending on the treatment time and temperature, the thicknesses of diffusion layer varied between 0.5 and 2.5 microns.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 3; 1741-1748
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of Temperatures of Phase Transformations of Low-Alloyed Reinforcing Steel Within the Heat Treatment Temperature Range
Autorzy:
Kargul, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351831.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermal analysis
DSC
solid phase transformation
hypoeutectoid steel
Opis:
The paper presents the results of DSC analysis of steel B500SP produced in the process of continuous casting, which is intended for the production reinforcement rods with high ductility. Studies were carried out in the temperature range below 1000°C in a protective atmosphere of helium during samples heating program. The main objective of the study was to determine the temperature range of austenite structure formation during heating. As a result of performed experiments: Ac1s, Ac1f – temperatures of the beginning and finish of the eutectoid transformation, Ac2 – Curie temperature of the ferrite magnetic transformation and the temperature Ac3 of transformation of proeutectoid ferrite into austenite were elaborated. Experimental determination of phase transformations temperatures of steel B500SP has great importance for production technology of reinforcement rods, because good mechanical properties of rods are formed by the special thermal treatment in Tempcore process.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2A; 891-897
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Necessary Thermodynamics Factors to Obtain Simple Solid Solutions in High-Entropy Alloys from the Al-Ti-Co-Ni-Fe System
Autorzy:
Górecki, K.
Bała, P.
Kozieł, T.
Cios, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
High-Entropy Alloys
entropy
enthalpy
VEC
solid solution
Opis:
In this paper findings regarding the design and synthesis of High-Entropy Alloys based on mixing enthalpy, mixing entropy, δ parameter, Ω parameter and valence electron concentration are presented. Four alloys were synthesised with different predicted crystalline structures. Results of the microstructure and crystal structure studies are presented. It was shown that predicted structures as well as complex intermetallic phases exist in the material. The validity of valence electron concentration as well as additional parameters such as mixing enthalpy, mixing entropy and others necessary to obtain only the solid solution in High-Entropy Alloys were examined.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 2141-2145
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Erosive Wear of Inconel 625 Alloy Coatings Deposited by CMT Method
Autorzy:
Solecka, M.
Kopyściański, M.
Kusiński, J.
Kopia, A.
Radziszewska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Inconel 625
erosion wear
solid particles erosion
alloys
Opis:
The article presents the investigation results concerning the determination of the characteristics of erosive wear caused by the impact of Al2O3 solid particles on the surface of Inconel 625 alloy after plastic working and the same material after weld cladding process using the CMT method. Erosion wear tests were performed at two temperatures: 20°C and 650°C. The erosion tests were conducted using the standard ASTM G76. A jet with a specified abrasive waight was directed to the surface of the tested material at an α impingement angle varied in the range of 30-90° at a velocity imparted to the abrasive by the medium, which was compressed air. The eroded surface was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while the depths of craters caused by the erosion tests were measured with an optical profilometer. The predominant mechanisms of the formation of mass losses during solid particle erosion were microcutting and microfissuring.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 1201-1206
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of refuse derived fuel (RDF) in the power industry
Wykorzystanie paliw alternatywnych z tworzyw sztucznych (RDF) w energetyce
Autorzy:
Paszkowski, Jarosław
Domański, Maciej
Caban, Jacek
Zarajczyk, Janusz
Pristavka, Miroslav
Findura, Pavol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93785.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
solid fuels
plastics
RDF
paliwa stałe
tworzywa sztuczne
Opis:
The paper presents the concept of use of fuels produced from production waste (RDF). The usefulness of RDF processed into pellets used in the chemical and power industry was also analyzed. The paper presents the results of research on the quality and content of selected elements in RDF pellets. The values of individual indexes are within the ranges typical for fuels manufactured from plastics. The tested material’s humidity was identified as low, as well as the content of chlorine, sulfur and other elements. In the working condition, the calorific value of the tested sample was 25.260 MJ·kg-1 and was above the range of typical values for RDF (13-20 MJ·kg-1). The moisture content in the tested material was 1% and it was within the required range. In the laboratory tests, the content of chlorine and sulfur was also determined.
Przedstawiono koncepcję zagospodarowania paliw (RDF) wytwarzanych z odpadów w oparciu o ich produkcję. Dokonano również analizy przydatności przetwarzania RDF na pelety stosowane w przemyśle chemicznym i energetyce zawodowej. Przedstawiono wyniki badań jakości i zawartości wybranych pierwiastków w peletach z RDF. Wartości poszczególnych wskaźników mieszczą się w zakresach typowych dla paliw wytwarzanych z tworzyw sztucznych. Stwierdzono dość niską wilgotność oraz zawartość chloru, siarki i innych pierwiastków. Wartość opałowa badanej próbki w stanie roboczym wyniosła 25,260 MJ·kg-1 i była wyższa od zakresu typowych wartości dla RDF (13-20 MJ·kg-1). Zawartość wilgoci w badanym materiale wynosiła 1% i mieściła się w zakresie wymagań W badaniach laboratoryjnych określono również zawartość chloru i siarki.
Źródło:
Agricultural Engineering; 2020, 24, 3; 83-90
2083-1587
Pojawia się w:
Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A systemic model of furniture meant for stimulating development of a child based on educational aids from M. Montessori
Autorzy:
Dobrowolska, Ewa
Błaszczak, Iwona
Mielnik, Agnieszka
Lisiecka, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
didactic materials
Montessori
solid wood and plywood furniture
Opis:
In furniture design, understood as a kind of evolutionary process, there is room for designer’s creativity, but not in the sense traditionally accepted in the psychology of creation. The creativity of the designer shapes the products of the evolutionary algorithm but does not replace them. This can be illustrated by the genesis of any design, such as furniture that stimulates the development of the child. The Montessori pedagogy leaves a lot of room for new designs of Montessorian teaching aids. The Montessori didactic material forms a logically structured whole. It enables the child to move out of experience and sensual cognition; it serves not only the development of the intellect but also the education of the whole personality. The Montessorian materials take into account the child’s stage of development, corresponding to a given sensitive phase and the very logic of things, so that the child, while learning, can embrace larger cognitive sequences, arouse a sense of aesthetics, motivation, curiosity and interest, thus triggering various forms of activity.
Systemowy model projektowania mebli stymulujących rozwój dziecka w oparciu o pomoce dydaktyczne M. Montessori. W projektowaniu mebli rozumianym, jako rodzaj ewolucyjnego procesu, jest miejsce na kreatywność projektanta, ale nie w znaczeniu tradycyjnie przyjmowanym w psychologii twórczości. Kreatywność projektanta kształtuje wytwory ewolucyjnego algorytmu, ale ich nie zastępuje. Ilustracją może być geneza dowolnego projektu mebli stymulującego rozwój dziecka. Pedagogika Montessori pozostawia szerokie miejsce dla nowych projektów zestawów dydaktycznych pomocy montessoriańskich. Materiał dydaktyczny Montessori tworzy logicznie uporządkowaną całość programową. Umożliwia w uczeniu dziecka przechodzenie od doświadczenia i poznania zmysłowego, rozwoju intelektu, ale przede wszystkim do kształtowania całej jego osobowości. Materiały montessoriańskie uwzględniają stopień, odpowiadający danej wrażliwej fazie rozwoju dziecka. Dzięki temu dziecko ucząc się może przyswoić sobie większe sekwencje poznawcze, modelować odczucia estetyczne, motywację, ciekawość oraz zainteresowania, wyzwalające różne formy aktywności.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2021, 113; 13--20
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of a dental formulation prepared with chitosan on the pharmaceutical availability of clotrimazole
Autorzy:
Grimling, Bożena
Meler, Jan
Szcześniak, Maria
Kocoń, Martyna
Karolewicz, Bożena
Złocińska, Adrianna
Górniak, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Polskie Towarzystwo Chitynowe
Tematy:
FTIR
carrier XRPD
chitosan
clotrimazole
hydrogel
solid dispersion
Opis:
The present work involves the development of a dental gel composition obtained on the basis of clotrimazole incorporated into chitosan in order to improve drug solubility. Solid dispersions were prepared by using two methods: grinding and kneading. The solid dispersion varied the ratio of chitosan to drug to increase the volume of the drug; the ratios were 5:5, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9. The mixtures were subjected to the dissolution rate of clotrimazole. The presence of chitosan improved the drug solubility; a better solubility from the solid dispersion prepared by the grinding method was obtained from the ratio of drug to polymer of 1+9. The rate of dissolution of clotrimazole was improved 17 times compared to the pure drug. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (both infrared and X-ray diffraction) revealed no new chemical structure of the tested connections and concluded that there was no interaction between the drug and the polymer in the test diffractions. Solid dispersions with the best parameters were used to prepare hydrogels, and the pharmaceutical availability of clotrimazole was analysed. The best properties were characterized by a hydrogel that was composed of the ratio of the amount of drug to polymer 5:5. The study demonstrated the availability of a pharmaceutical drug release at a therapeutic concentration in the first hour of the study. The use of the appropriate balance between clotrimazole and chitosan and the development of the hydrogel composition may affect the improvement of the drug solubility and may create the possibility of obtaining sustained or controlled release of the drug substance.
Źródło:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives; 2017, 22; 42-53
1896-5644
Pojawia się w:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of physicochemical properties of solid dispersions of bcs class ii substances with chitosan
Autorzy:
Grimling, Bożena
Górniak, Agata
Meler, Jan
Pluta, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035366.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Polskie Towarzystwo Chitynowe
Tematy:
DSC studies
chitosan
dissolution
fenofibrate
solid state lyophilisation
Opis:
The BCS class II includes drugs with low solubility and high permeability. The substances require modification to increase their solubility in the upper part of the digestive system. Fenofibrate is an example of this class drugs. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of chitosan on the solubility of fenofibrate incorporated into this polymer carrier. The study investigated fenofibrate in solid dispersions using a method of the solvent evaporation by means of freeze-drying at the drug to polymer ratio of 3:7,5:5,7:3. The study revealed a multi-fold increase (from 33 to 57 times) in fenofibrat solubility in the presence of chitosan, which increased with duration of the study and with increasing percentage of the polymer in formulations. DSC examination revealed a possible physical interaction between the drug and the polymer. The degree of lowering of temperature and increased heat effects is correlated with increased solubility of the drug in all the formulations. DSC studies confirmed that fenofibrate is present in solid dispersions in a crystalline form.
Źródło:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives; 2012, 17; 87-94
1896-5644
Pojawia się w:
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pyrolytic Liquid Fuel – An Alternative for Producing Electrical Energy in Mexico
Autorzy:
Cruz, José Nolasco
Ávila, Juan José López
Martínez, Karla Donjuan
Hernández, Irma Pérez
Zavariz, Álvaro Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
pyrolytic liquid
power generation
municipal solid wastes
greenhouse
Opis:
Millions of tons of urban solid waste are discarded yearly in Mexico. The rapid population growth, urbanization, and social development, together with a more significant number of inhabitants, resulted in a massive amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) that is increasing yearly. Most of these end up in landfills without being used for energy, causing severe social and environmental problems. Municipal solid waste (MSW) is the most significant main waste stream (representing 9.21% of the waste that can be used), including plastic bottles, food dishes, cans, bags, and containers. The recycling and sustainable disposal of plastic waste is a significant activity with a high rate of complexity due to various effects that occur during its processes, such as obstructions in mechanisms and pipes, prolonged degradation and biodegradation rates, and the presence of additives, and highly toxic dyes. Pyrolysis is one of the promising technologies for converting waste into sound energy capable of being used in various applications such as power generation, transportation fuel, and multiple thermal purposes. According to the Ministry of Energy (SENER), Mexico has an installed generation capacity of 86,034 MW, of which almost 65% is based on fossil-based technologies.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 12; 227--232
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pre-strongly solid varieties of commutative semigroups
Autorzy:
Phuapong, Sarawut
Leeratanavalee, Sorasak
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/728995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
generalized hypersubstitution
pre-strongly solid variety
commutative semigroup
Opis:
Generalized hypersubstitutions are mappings from the set of all fundamental operations into the set of all terms of the same language do not necessarily preserve the arities. Strong hyperidentities are identities which are closed under the generalized hypersubstitutions and a strongly solid variety is a variety which every its identity is a strong hyperidentity. In this paper we give an example of pre-strongly solid varieties of commutative semigroups and determine the least and the greatest pre-strongly solid variety of commutative semigroups.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2011, 31, 1; 27-45
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Palniki wirowe na biomasę stosowane w kotłach energetycznych
Application of biomass swirl burners in high-power boilers
Autorzy:
Cholewiński, M.
Pospolita, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
biomass
swirl burners
power boilers
solid fuel combustion
Opis:
Solid biomass (both forest and agricultural) is recognized as a valuable source of chemical energy, that can be transformed into electricity or heat. Biofuels are very popular in small scale energy systems, but they can also be utilized in medium and high capacity municipal and industrial power units. Therefore, dynamic development of various machines and devices, designed for efficient biomass energy conversion, is observed. One of the possible application of solid biofuels in power industry, dedicated in particular to water-tube boilers, uses individual swirl burners fed by the biomass dust. They can be used as peak load or quick stop/start devices in stoker furnaces and primary burner in flue and smoke-tube boilers as well. In this article the implementation of swirl biomass burners in high capacity power boilers was presented and described. Both technical problems, closely related with biomass co-firing in coal-fired power plants, and design methodology of mentioned burners were discussed. Finally, the 3D visualization of proprietary solution of swirl burner and its description were provided.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2016, 2; 3-10
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of silicon drift detectors made by Amptek and PNDetectors in application to the PHA system for W7-X
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, N.
Kaczmarczyk, J.
Kubkowska, M.
Ryć, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
plasma diagnostic
pulse height analysis
solid-state detectors
Opis:
The paper presents comparison of two silicon drift detectors (SDD), one made by Amptek, USA, and the second one by PNDetector, Germany, which are considered for a soft X-ray diagnostic system for W7-X. The sensitive area of the first one is 7 mm2 × 450 m and the second one is 10 mm2 × 450 m. The first detector is cooled by a double-stage Peltier element, while the second detector is cooled by single-stage Peltier element. Each one is equipped with a field-effect transistor (FET). In the detector from Amptek, the FET is mounted separately, while in the detector from PNDetector, the FET is integrated on the chip. The nominal energy resolution given by the producers of the fi rst and the second one is 136 eV@5.9 keV (at –50°C) and 132 eV@5.9 keV (at –20°C), respectively. Owing to many advantages, the investigated detectors are good candidates for soft X-ray measurements in magnetic confi nement devices. They are suitable for soft X-ray diagnostics, like the pulse height analysis (PHA) system for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, which has been developed and manufactured at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM), Warsaw, in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP), Greifswald. The diagnostic is important for the measurements of plasma electron temperature, impurities content, and possible suprathermal tails in the spectra. In order to choose the best type of detector, analysis of technical parameters and laboratory tests were done. Detailed studies show that the most suitable detector for the PHA diagnostics is the PNDetector.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 409-412
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
System transportu taśmociągowego
Transport system using a conveyor belt
Autorzy:
Filipek, P.
Kamiński, T.
Radzikowski, R.
Kosacki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/316397.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
Solid Edge ST7
przenośniki taśmowe
transport
conveyors
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wykonany projekt urządzenia transportującego, zaprojektowanego w programie Solid Edge ST7 oraz program do automatycznej segregacji i napełniania płynem pojemników. Opisano zasadę działania systemu oraz założenia konstrukcyjne. Przedstawiono projekt 3D urządzenia transportującego wraz z dobranymi podzespołami.
The paper shows a project of a transport device, designed in Solid Edge ST7 and a program for automatic segregation of containers and filling them with liquid. A principle of functioning and constructional assumptions were shown. A 3D project of the transport facility was presented, together with attuned units.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 668-672, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Implications of inertia for hydroelastic instability of Herschel-Bulkley fluids in plane poiseuille flow
Autorzy:
Jafargholinejad, S.
Najafi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
inertia
instability
Herschel-Bulkley fluid
Mooney-Rivlin solid
Opis:
This study investigates the effects of inertia on the hydroelastic instability of a pressure- -driven Herschel-Bulkley fluid passing through a two-dimensional channel lined with a polymeric coating. The no-viscous hyperelastic polymeric coating is assumed to follow the two-constant Mooney-Rivlin model. In this work, analytical basic solutions are determined for both the polymeric gel and the fluid at very low Reynolds numbers. Next, the basic solutions are subjected to infinitesimally-small, normal-mode perturbations. After eliminating the nonlinear terms, two 4-th order differential equations are obtained. The equations with appropriate boundary conditions are then numerically solved using the shooting method. The results of the solution show that the inertia terms in the perturbed equations destabilize the pressure-driven Herschel-Bulkley fluid flow. The investigation reveals that the elastic parameter has a stabilizing effect on the flow. Also, based on the obtained results, the yield stress, depending on the power-law index, has a stabilizing or destabilizing effect on the flow. Since in this work the inertia terms are included in the pertinent governing equations, therefore, the results of this study are much more realistic and reliable than previous works in which inertia terms were absent. In addition, unlike the previous works, the present study considers both the shear-thinning and shear-thickening types of fluids. Hence, the results of this work embrace all the fluids which obey the Herschel-Bulkley model.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2018, 56, 4; 1205-1216
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza możliwości pozyskania energii z biomasy w Polsce
Analysis of the possibility of obtaining energy from biomass in Poland
Autorzy:
Piaskowska-Silarska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
biomasa stała
biopaliwa
biogaz
solid biomass
biofuels
biogas
Opis:
W opracowaniach Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego znajduje się podział biomasy na biomasę stałą, biopaliwa i biogaz. W przedstawionym referacie pokazano pozyskanie biomasy stałej w Polsce w latach 2002–2011. Wokresie tym nastąpił około 70-procentowy wzrost udziału biomasy w produkcji energii, szczególnie intensywny od roku 2008. Przedstawiono tu również pozyskanie gazu składowiskowego i biogazu z oczyszczalni ścieków w Polsce w latach 2002–2011. W 2011 r. udział całkowitego biogazu wzrósł ponad czterokrotnie w odniesieniu do roku bazowego 2002. Trzecią rozpatrywaną grupę stanowią biopaliwa. W 2011 r. pozyskanie bioetanolu było tylko o 14,5% wyższe niż w 2002 r., podczas gdy udział biodiesla w bilansie nośników energii w tym samym czasie wzrósł czterokrotnie. Większe wykorzystanie biomasy do celów energetycznych wynika przede wszystkim z jej niskiej ceny. Na składowiskach odpadów powstaje z kolei biogaz, który zgodnie z zaleceniami Unii Europejskiej powinien być ujmowany i najlepiej wykorzystywany energetycznie. Szacuje się, że w zależności od jego ilości i wartości opałowej, sposobu zagospodarowania i zastosowanej technologii a także cen rynkowych pozyskanego ciepła i energii elektrycznej, czas zwrotu poniesionych nakładów na instalację odgazowania wynosi od 2 do 10 lat. Przedstawiony w referacie wzrost wykorzystania biopaliw wynika natomiast z faktu, że stanowią one coraz wiêkszy dodatek do paliw sprzedawanych na polskim rynku (7,1% od 2013 r.). Na niektórych stacjach jest już możliwość zakupu czystego biodiesla, którego cena jest niższa w porównaniu z ceną oleju napędowego.
Publications of the Central Statistical Office categorize biomass into solid biomass, bio-fuel, and biogas. The present article summarizes the acquisition of solid biomass in Poland in the years 2002–2011. During this period, there was a 70% increase in the share of biomass in energy production, particularly since 2008. The article also presents the use of landfill gas and biogas from wastewater treatment plants in Poland for the years 2002–2011. In 2011, the share of the total biogas has more than quadrupled compared to the base year of 2002. The third group considered consists of bio-fuels. In 2011, the consumption of bioethanol was only 14.5% higher than in 2002, while the share of biodiesel in the energy balance during the same period increased fourfold. The increased use of biomass for energy purposes is primarily due to its low price. Though presently commonplace, environmentally harmful coal is increasingly being replaced by straw, which is approximately four times cheaper to use. In landfills where biogas is formed, in accordance with the recommendations of the European Union this energy source should be recognized and used energetically. It is estimated that – based on the quantity and calorific value, method of management, available technology, as well as the market prices of heat and electricity – the time of return on investment for the installation of degassing systems is from 2 to 10 years. Increased use of bio-fuels is anticipated due to the fact that they have already seen a growing presence as a fuel additive sold on the Polish market (up 7.1% from 2013). At some fueling stations, it is already possible to buy pure biodiesel, the price of which is lower than that of conventional diesel.
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2014, 17, 4; 239-247
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ageing Behaviour of HTPB Based Rocket Propellant Formulations
Autorzy:
Cerri, S.
Bohn, M. A.
Menke, K.
Galfetti, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
solid rocket propellant
HTPB
nanoAl
ageing
mechanical properties
Opis:
The ageing of HTPB propellant formulations containing nanoAl is investigated. During natural ageing the material undergoes a series of slow physico-chemical degradation reactions. By using accelerated ageing conditions it is possible to simulate the material behaviour at different time-temperature conditions especially focused on the in-service conditions. The mechanical and ageing behaviour of aluminised solid rocket propellants were investigated in terms of uniaxial tensile strength, DMA measurements, impact and friction sensitivity tests, SEM analyses.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2009, 6, 2; 149-165
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of a heat transfer in economizer dedicated for 250 KW power solid fuel heating boiler
Autorzy:
Judt, W.
Bartoszewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
heating boiler
heat transfer
economizer
fluent
solid fuel
Opis:
Heating boilers, which are combusting solid fuels, are a very popular heating device in Poland. Heating boilers for solid fuels with nominal power equal to 250-300 kW reach a high level of waste heat. Polish companies produced a significant amount of heating boilers with that level of heating power, which are being exploited all the time in smaller companies and housing associations. A temperature of exhaust gases in the outlet of the heating boiler can be equal to 270-300ºC. It means that it is possible to recover some part of the waste heat. It can be realizable in an external heat exchanger. The article contains a methodology of a heat transfer process calculation for this type of heat exchangers. Estimated waste heat, which can be recovered from this installation, is equal to 25 kW. Additional heat exchanger implementation into a plant can increase an efficiency of solid fuel combustion process for a 10 percent. Construction of a heat exchanger was calculated during analytical calculations. After that, analytical calculations were verified in numerical calculations. Numerical analysis of a heat exchanger model was realized in the ANSYS Fluent environment. During calculations, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger construction was analysed. Authors of the article analysed a real temperature distribution for exhaust gases located on a shell side and for a water, which are located on a tube side of the economizer. Numerical calculations allowed to model conditions of economizer steady state work for a whole volume of this construction.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 164-168
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustaining a Healthy Environment whilst Utilizing Wastes as Energy Sources: Physicochemical Analysis of Solid Wastes in Awka, Nigeria
Autorzy:
Ayadinuno, Emmanuel Onyenweife
Njoku, Uzoma Benedict
Akakuru, Ozioma Udochukwu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
elemental content
proximate analysis
solid wastes
ultimate analysis
Opis:
The physicochemical properties of solid wastes were determined to unravel the individual components of solid wastes such as density, moisture content, and percentage mass. The chemical composition of each waste component was also determined. Methods adopted in the determination included the load count and mass volume methods, the proximate and ultimate analysis method. Collectively, the percentage chemical constituents were obtained from the different solid waste samples analyzed. Energy values obtained from the constituents are 47.6 and 47.10 kJ/kg when Dulong’s and Davies’ formula were applied, respectively. The results revealed that paper and cardboard, metals, plastics, and wood make up the highest composition in the five major waste dumpsites studied in Awka, Nigeria. It also showed that carbon and oxygen contents are high in most of the solid waste components when compared to other chemical constituents and that these wastes can be converted to useful energy in furtherance of sustainable development.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2021, 36; 75-87
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
‘The Activating Presence’ -What Prospects of Utopia in Times of Uncertainty?
Autorzy:
Jacobsen, Michael H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929404.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-09-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
utopia
dystopia
solid modernity
liquid modernity
socialism
humanism
Opis:
The work of Zygmunt Bauman is often classified by commentators and critics as either representing the thoughts of a proponent of postmodernism or as those of a valiant defender of a humanistic variant of Marxism. This article, however, focuses on a specific and often neglected leitmotif-sometimes hidden, sometimes explicit-running through Bauman’s work from the early years until the most recent publications, the utopian mentality. Bauman’s work is dissected along the lines of its contribution to utopian thought, however without it ever proposing a sketch of an ‘ideal society’ or ‘the common good’ as so many other utopian writers. Bauman is classified among the band of critical social thinkers-including the likes of Ernst Bloch and Leszek Kołakowski-for whom utopianism is an undying motif in human life, but who also, in varying degrees, fear the detrimental consequences of an actual implementation of Utopia. Moreover, they all, and especially Bauman, insist that the currently lived-through version of (in)human reality is not the only one possible and that we may still muster and imagine alternatives to the stubborn present.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 155, 3; 337-356
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Segregation of waste at source reduces the environmental hazards of municipal solid waste in Patna, India
Autorzy:
Singh, A.
Raj, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
Patna
environmental pollution
logistic regression
Opis:
Though Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a worldwide problem, the collected wastes are dumped in open dumping at landfilling sites while the uncollected wastes remain strewn on the roadside, many-a-time clogging drainage. Such unsafe and inadequate management of MSW causes spread of bacteria, viruses, particulate matter, dioxins and other harmful pollutants in the surroundings and atmosphere. Hence, due to the repeated exposure of population to these pollutants can lead to serious health problems such as Diarrhea/Dysentery, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), and Asthma/Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRD). Therefore, two-phase study included secondary data on diseases caused due to environmental pollution and primary data on MSW and lack of MSW management from 127 households in urban Patna, India. The random sampling method was used for collection of primary survey data, conducted during 2015–16 in selected areas of Patna. Logistic regression model odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were used to show the strength of the associations among segregation of wastes at source, segregation behavior, collection bins in the area, distance of collection bins from a residential area, and transportation of MSW. The ROC is a statistical technique to validate the logistic regression method that predicts the occurrence of an event through the comparison of probability picture of an event occurrence observed by probability and the predicted probability of the same event. The area under the ROC curve is up to 0.889 extent, which reveals that the ‘segregation of waste at source’ has a very strong scope to accomplish sustainable recycling at urban Patna in order to manage waste with the overall accuracy of 92.126%, which proves a better fi t logistic regression model. Hence, this paper concludes that ‘segregation of waste at source’ helps to attain sustainable recycling which would be the most viable approach to manage MSW in Patna and would eventually reduce environmental pollutants for the public health safety.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2018, 44, 4; 96-110
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Paper Components Effect on Hydraulic Characteristics of Biodegradable Municipal Solid Waste
Autorzy:
Hadinata, Febrian
Susanti, Betty
Soraya, Muthia
Silaban, Aprina Sriwita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838270.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biodegradable
density
MSW
municipal solid waste
paper
permeability
Opis:
Indonesian municipal solid waste (MSW) is dominated by biodegradable MSW (organic and paper). Due to the degradation process, the physical and hydraulic characteristics of these components can change. It is important to study the physical and hydraulic characteristics of MSW, because landslides occurred in several landfills in Indonesia after heavy rains. Field observations showed that landslides occur due to reduced paper components in the landfill (due to high recycling activities), and cause high percolation of water into the landfill. In the research, 38 samples consisting of two variants of MSW samples (organic and 80% organic + 20% paper), were prepared under the conditions of optimum moisture content. The organic sample of MSW is leaf, while the paper sample of MSW is newspaper, which were shredded to a diameter of about 1 cm. The tests of moisture content, bulk density (in the mould of permeameter), particle size distribution, and permeability were carried out on both sample variants for 90 days, with a test frequency of once in 5 days. The results showed that there was an increase in the moisture content and density, and a decrease in particle size and permeability in both variants of MSW sample. Organic MSW + paper has lower permeability and higher density than organic MSW. This requires further study, because a high paper recycling ratio can lead to a change in the landfill characteristics.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 272-278
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-100 z 832

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