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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 832
Tytuł:
Modelling of Heat Transfer at the Solid to Solid Interface
Autorzy:
Rywotycki, M.
Malinowski, Z.
Falkus, J.
Sołek, K.
Szajding, A.
Miłkowska-Piszczek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat transfer
inverse method
solid - solid interface
Opis:
In technological process of steel industry heat transfer is a very important factor. Heat transfer plays an essential role especially in rolling and forging processes. Heat flux between a tool and work piece is a function of temperature, pressure and time. A methodology for the determination of the heat transfer at solid to solid interface has been developed. It involves physical experiment and numerical methods. The first one requires measurements of the temperature variations at specified points in the two samples brought into contact. Samples made of C45 and NC6 steels have been employed in physical experiment. One of the samples was heated to an initial temperature of: 800°C, 1000°C and 1100°C. The second sample has been kept at room temperature. The numerical part makes use of the inverse method for calculating the heat flux and at the interface. The method involves the temperature field simulation in the axially symmetrical samples. The objective function is bulled up as a dimensionless error norm between measured and computed temperatures. The variable metric method is employed in the objective function minimization. The heat transfer coefficient variation in time at the boundary surface is approximated by cubic spline functions. The influence of pressure and temperature on the heat flux has been analysed. The problem has been solved by applying the inverse procedure and finite element method for the temperature field simulations. The self-developed software has been used. The simulation results, along with their analysis, have been presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 341-346
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of combustion of qualified composite fuel for the transitional period in the household and communal sector in Poland
Autorzy:
Bembenek, Michał
Dzik, Tomasz
Smyła, Jarosław
Kozłowski, Artur
Wojtas, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
microbriquette
environmentally friendly fuel
solid fuel
composite solid fuel
qualified solid fuel
roller press
Opis:
The article presents the results of laboratory combustion tests of the microbriquette obtained from useless coal (grain class of < 5 mm) generated in the production of “eco-pea” (eko-groszek) coal. The briquettes of 1.5 and 2.5 cm3 were made in a roller press of crushed coal granulation down to 2 mm, mixed with a binder and/or catalytic additives and sorbents, then dried to final moisture of about 7%. The tests were carried out on a specially designed stand enabling to determine the differential curve of the weight loss of samples heated to the ignition temperature and then burnt with laminar airflow by natural chimney draft. Comparative tests were carried out with ecopea coal from the “ZG Sobieski” mine. The results indicate that composite fuels, in the form of microbriquette, ignite faster, burn at a higher temperature and leave less ash when burned than lump coal. The greater reactivity of the briquette concerning the lump coal allows for minimizing the air rate by about 10%, which also reduces the exhaust gas volume by the same amount and the stack losses. It reduces the velocity of dust lifting, which leads to the reduction of their emission.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2022, 4 (30); Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of the Model Selected Parameter Measurement Error on the Accuracy of Heat Transfer Coefficient Determination Method for Contact between Rolls and the Cast Strand
Autorzy:
Rywotycki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat transfer
inverse solution
solid to solid interface
Opis:
The paper presents a heat transfer model between two surfaces which are in contact under an external force. The developed heat transfer boundary condition model has been obtained using a new methodology for determining heat flux transferred between two solid surfaces. The methodology consists of two parts: experimental and numerical one. The experimental part involves measurements of temperature at specific points in two samples brought into contact. The numerical part uses an inverse method and the finite element method to calculate the heat flux at the interface.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 4; 2061-2070
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A MILP Model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem
Autorzy:
Korcyl, Antoni
Książek, Roger
Gdowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
municipal solid waste collection system
solid waste segregated collection
MILP
rich VRP
Solid Waste Management
Opis:
Nowadays, selective solid waste management in the European Union belongs to important responsibilities of municipalities. In Solid Waste Management (SWM) the main operational task is to set a schedule for solid waste collection and to find optimal routes for garbage trucks, so that the total costs of the solid waste collection service can be minimized, subject to a series of constraints which not only guarantee the fulfillment of the SWM’s obligations but also ensure the desirable quality level of that service. The optimization in garbage truck routing belongs to so called rich Vehicle Routing Problems as it aims to cover the following constraints: pickup nodes (clients) must be visited during their predefined time windows; the number and capacity of depots and specialized sorting units cannot be exceeded; each garbage truck can be assigned to at most one depot; each route should be dedicated to collecting one type of segregated solid waste, and the route must be served by a garbage truck which can collect that type of solid waste; the availability of garbage trucks and their drivers must be respected; each garbage truck must be drained at a specialized sorting unit before going back to the depot. This paper contributes a newly developed Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem (MSWSCRP) with time windows, limited heterogeneous fleet, and different types of segregated solid waste to be collected separately. Results obtained for solving small-sized instance of the MSWSCRP are reported.
Źródło:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services; 2019, 13, 1-2; 17-35
1896-8325
2300-7087
Pojawia się w:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The greatest regular-solid variety of semigroups % Dedicated to R. McKenzies 60$^th$ birthday %
Autorzy:
Denecke, Klaus
Koppitz, Jörg
Pabhapote, Nittiya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/728806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
hypersubstitutions
terms
regular-solid variety
solid variety
finite axiomatizability
Opis:
A regular hypersubstitution is a mapping which takes every $n_i$-ary operation symbol to an $n_i$-ary term. A variety is called regular-solid if it contains all algebras derived by regular hypersubstitutions. We determine the greatest regular-solid variety of semigroups. This result will be used to give a new proof for the equational description of the greatest solid variety of semigroups. We show that every variety of semigroups which is finitely based by hyperidentities is also finitely based by identities.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2008, 28, 1; 91-119
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model of heating and incineration of waste material single particle
Autorzy:
Jaworski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
spalanie
paliwo stałe
odpady stałe
combustion
solid fuel
solid waste
Opis:
This paper presents a review of literature dealing with the combustion of a single solid fuel particle, as well as a model of combustion of solid waste particle. Two cases were analysed: • Heating of a single fuel particle without chemical reaction, • Heating of a single fuel particle with endothermic and exothermic reactions. • The degassing process was omitted in this analysis. The first version of calculation was dedicated to the heating process of a sphere of diameter 2R with no inner heat sources and with uniform initial temperature tp placed in the surrounding volume of temperature tos. The assumption was that the convection heat transfer coefficient was known and constant. The calculation procedure was based on the paper [2]. Following parameters of a solid waste particle were taken into account: density, heat condustion coefficient, heat capacity, and their influence on the heating time and temperature was shown. It was observed that the increase of heat capacity and density of the particle increases the heating time while the increase of heat conduction coefficient leads to the opposite effect [3]. The influence of heat conduction coefficient on the temperature history inside the particle is shown on Fig.1 (apparent density 2000kg/m3, heat capacity 1000 J/kg K, volume temperature 9000C).
Praca obejmuje przeglad literaturowy modeli spalania pojedynczego ziarna paliwa stałego wraz z opracowaniem modelu spalania pojedynczego ziarna paliwa stałego formowanego na bazie odpadów stałych w dwóch wariantach: • nagrzewanie pojedynczego ziarna paliwa bez reakcji chemicznej, • nagrzewania pojedynczego ziarna z reakcja endotermiczna i egzotermiczna. W obu przypadkach proces odgazowania został pominiety. Pierwszy wariant obliczen obejmował przypadek nagrzewania jednorodnej kuli bez wewnetrznych zródeł ciepła, o poczatkowej wyrównanej temperaturze przeniesionej nagle w osrodku o danej temperaturze przy czym znany był współczynnik wnikania ciepła 1. . W obliczeniach symulowano wpływ zmian własciwosci fizyko-chemicznych paliwa takich jak: gestosc, współczynnik przewodzenia ciepła i pojemnosc cieplna (wielkosci te zostały zawarte w przedziałach odpowiadajacych wartosciom dla ró6nych odpadów) na czas i temperature nagrzewania. Podczas rozwa6ania nagrzewania ziarna bez reakcji chemicznej brano pod uwage jedynie przepływ ciepła obejmujacy wnikanie ciepła od osrodka do ziarna oraz przewodzenie ciepła w głab analizowanej czastki. W wariancie drugim w procesie wnikania ciepła uwzglednione zostały ponadto reakcje wystepujace na powierzchni ziarna i wewnatrz pór. Bilans cieplny został wzbogacony poprzez wprowadzenie entalpii reakcji dla dwóch odrebnych przypadków: reakcji egzotermicznej i endotermicznej.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2011, 13, 2; 47-58
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of setting locations for municipal solid waste collection points in protected areas
Autorzy:
Malinowski, M.
Religa, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
municipal solid waste collection point
GIS
AHP
Opis:
According to the amendment to the Act on maintaining cleanliness and order in communes, a stationary a municipal solid waste collection point (MSWCP) must be established in each Polish commune or commune union and situated close to the commune center. This point (MSWCP) should exist in the commune (or commune union), which are covered in 100% by protected zone. These objects are a new element in managing of the stream of municipal solid waste in Poland, known in the European countries as “household waste recycling centers” (HWRC). The aim of the work was developing the procedure with the use of tools enabling setting potential locations for MSWCPs in protected areas. The developed method was applied (for verification of the assumptions) in the process of seeking optimal locations for MSWCPs in the communes located in the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚNP) protection zone. The paper presents the methodology for setting locations for municipal solid waste collection points. A method was developed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS). It was possible to designate between 98 and 191 potential locations of MSWCPs in the communes situated in the ŚNP protection zone. The assumed criterion of maximum distance from the commune center eliminated 85% of locations. Optimal locations for MSWCPs in each commune were determined using AHP method. The main results of this research was to establish of MSWCP location for every commune in analyzed protected zone, based on the proposed methodology. The method presented in the paper may be a tool for the environment impact assessment of these investments.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/3; 1603-1614
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leachates Recirculation Impact on the Stabilization of the Solid Wastes – A Review
Autorzy:
Hussein, Omar Amer
Ibrahim, Jathwa Abd-Alkareem
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
solid waste management
leachate recirculation
landfill leachate
solid waste stabilisation
Opis:
In most countries, controlled landfills are currently the most common disposal method for municipal solid wastes (MSWs). Despite many benefits, the generation of heavily contaminated leachate with substantial differences in both chemical composition and flow rate represents a major drawback. The realization of this has compelled authorities to adopt ever more stringent establishment of pollution control requirements. Landfill leachate is a serious problem in the treatments of municipal solid wastes using landfills methods. This leachate is usually heavily contaminated, but little attention is paid to its treatment. Optimal treatment of leachates to completely decrease the harmful environmental impacts is today’s challenge. However, the complex composition of leachates makes it challenging to formulate general recommendations. Leachate variability, particularly over time and within sites, suggests that the most appropriate treatments are adaptable, universal, and simple. Landfill leachate is characterized by high biological and chemical oxygen demand and is usually composed of undesirable ingredients such as inorganic and organic pollutants. Landfill leachate varies with landfill age and content, decomposition methods, hydrological and climate conditions. Recirculation of leachate does not affect alterations in the degree of bio-degradability of the waste. During landfill operations, recirculation of leachate is often applied to help stabilize landfill degradation. Leachate recirculation is widely used in practical engineering, and recirculation using vertical wells is one of the more effective methods.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 172--183
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stability of Garnet-Type Li7La3Zr2O12-Based Ceramics for All-Solid-State Batteries
Autorzy:
Yi, Eun-Jeong
Yoon, Keun-Young
Jung, Hyun-Ah
Hwang, Haejin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355988.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
all-solid-state batteries
solid electrolytes
garnet type ceramics
ionic conductivity
Opis:
Al and Nb-doped Li7 La3 Zr2O12 (LLZO) and W-doped LLZO lithium ion conducting electrolyte samples were prepared and their H2O stability was investigated. The LLZO samples were exposed to 50% humidified air for 48 h. After H2O exposure, a cubic to tetragonal transformation occurred and acquired SEM images exhibited the presence of reaction phases at the grain boundaries of Al and Nb-LLZO. As a result, the lithium ion conductivity significantly decreased after H2O exposure. On the contrary, W-LLZO showed good stability against H2O. Although the cubic to tetragonal transformation was also observed in H2O-exposed W-LLZO, the decrease in lithium ion conductivity was found to be modest. No morphological changes of the W-LLZO samples were confirmed in the H2O-exposed W-LLZO samples.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 2; 579-583
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels – Concept of National Periodic Inspection System
Autorzy:
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
legal regulation
periodic inspection
solid fuel boilers
solid fuel space heater
Opis:
The article introduces the concept of individual solid fuel heating devices periodic inspections system. The necessary legal changes for the creation of the legal framework of the system, the proposed scope of control, persons who could be entrusted with the realization of periodic inspections and measurements, as well as data acquisition and possible sanctions for non-compliance or violation of proposed duties were presented.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 8; 86-91
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
All regular-solid varieties of idempotent semirings
Autorzy:
Hounnon, Hippolyte
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38114594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
semiring
hypersubstitution
regular hypersubstitution
regular hyperidentity
solid variety
regular-solid variety
Opis:
The lattice of all regular-solid varieties of semirings splits in two complete sublattices: the sublattice of all idempotent regular-solid varieties of semirings and the sublattice of all normal regular-solid varieties of semirings. In this paper, we discuss the idempotent part.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2017, 37, 1; 5-12
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels: Review of Legal Regulations in Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Bigda, Rafał
Żeliński, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emission
residential sector
solid fuel boiler
solid fuel
space heater
legal regulation
Opis:
The article presents the legal framework of periodic control systems of individual heating devices in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The scope of periodic inspections carried out in considered countries, the persons responsible for performing them, the method of data acquisition and administrative bodies responsible for supervising the fulfillment of the obligation, as well as the sanctions for law violations related to small heat sources operation in the residential sector were discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 54-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Periodic Inspections of Residential Heating Appliances for Solid Fuels: Review of Legal Regulations in Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Rychlewska, Katarzyna
Telenga-Kopyczyńska, Jolanta
Bigda, Rafał
Żeliński, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
emission
residential sector
solid fuel boilers
solid fuel
space heater
legal regulations
Opis:
The article presents the legal framework of periodic control systems of individual heating devices in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The scope of periodic inspections carried out in considered countries, the persons responsible for performing them, the method of data acquisition and administrative bodies responsible for supervising the fulfillment of the obligation, as well as the sanctions for law violations related to small heat sources operation in the residential sector were discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 54-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Supersmarność oraz nowe materiały supersmarne wytwarzane napylaniem proszkowym
Superlubricity and new superlubricant materials made by powder spraying
Autorzy:
Leshchynsky, V.
Wiśniewska-Weinert, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/211744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Obróbki Plastycznej
Tematy:
solid lubricant
nanoparticles
friction coefficient
Opis:
O supersmarności zazwyczaj mówimy wówczas, kiedy dwie stykające się powierzchnie wykazują brak oporu podczas tarcia ślizgowego. Artykuł opisuje zjawisko ultra-niskiego tarcia dzięki zastosowaniu powłok z nanocząstek MoS2, wynikiem którego jest otrzymanie ultra-niskiego współczynnika tarcia. Autorzy wskazują, że zastosowanie wielokomponentowych supersmarnych powłok otrzymanych metodą napylania proszkowych materiałów zawierających dodatki smaru stałego MoS2 znacznie zmniejsza współczynnik tarcia w warunkach suchego tarcia ślizgowego.Przedstawiono charakterystykę tribologiczną powłok zawierających MoS2, przeprowadzono testy tarciowo-zużyciowe w podwyższonej temperaturze. Określono wartość współczynnika tarcia w czasie.
Superlubricity is the state in which two contacting surfaces exhibit no resistance to sliding. The work describes a ultra-low friction phenomenon due to application of MoS2 nanoparticle coatings results in ultra-low friction coefficients in ambient atmosphere.It is shown the concept of superlubricity of combined coatings can be effectively used to improve the friction under dry sliding conditions. The additional application of solid lubricant films by powder spraying and MoS2 precipitation technologies results in low friction coefficients and a good tribological behaviour under dry sliding conditions. To clarify the tribological characteristics of MoS2 films, friction experiments were conducted at stick-slip regime at the high temperature. It was found that the friction coefficient value was very low and stable for prolonged periods.
Źródło:
Obróbka Plastyczna Metali; 2006, 17, 4; 43-48
0867-2628
Pojawia się w:
Obróbka Plastyczna Metali
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foams Stabilized with Nanoparticles for Gas Well Deliquification
Autorzy:
Knapik, E.
Stopa, J
Marzec, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
foam
foamability
solid nanoparticles
surfactant
Opis:
This study examined the interaction of solid nanoparticles and anionic and non-ionic surfactant at an air–water interface. Aqueous foams stabilized by silica nanoparticles in water with different levels of salinity were studied in detail. The stability of solid/surfactant dispersion was evaluated visually. Nanoparticles content impact and concentration of surfactant on the foamability, deliquification of foams and structure of wet foams were studied. It was found that the foamability of dispersion depends either on the surfactant concentration or on the nanoparticles concentration. The adsorption of hydrophobically modified silica particles and surfactants reduces the air/water interface tension. The results of the examinations showed that the use of nanoparticles allows to increase the efficiency of brine unloading even up to 20%. Surfactant particle and nanosilica present synergistic action, use of 4 wt% of nanoparticles allows to reduce surfactant consumption up to half. The cost of the preparation of the proposed dispersion is slightly higher, about 5%, compared to the sole surfactant.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2014, 16, 2; 114-117
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 832

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