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Wyszukujesz frazę "soil-borne disease" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
Management of soil-borne diseases of organic vegetables
Autorzy:
Shafique, H.A.
Sultana, V.
Ehteshamul-Haque, S.
Athar, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
management
soil-borne disease
vegetable
organic agriculture
control
biological antagonist
organic manure
seaweed
Opis:
With the rising awareness of the adverse effects of chemical pesticides, people are looking for organically grown vegetables. Consumers are increasingly choosing organic foods due to the perception that they are healthier than those conventionally grown. Vegetable crops are vulnerable to a range of pathogenic organisms that reduce yield by killing the plant or damaging the product, thus making it unmarketable. Soil-borne diseases are among the major factors contributing to low yields of organic produce. Apart from chemical pesticides there are several methods that can be used to protect crops from soil-borne pathogens. These include the introduction of biocontrol agents against soil-borne plant pathogens, plants with therapeutic effects and organic soil amendments that stimulate antagonistic activities of microorganisms to soil-borne diseases. The decomposition of organic matter in soil also results in the accumulation of specific compounds that may be antifungal or nematicidal. With the growing interest in organic vegetables, it is necessary to find non chemical means of plant disease control. This review describes the impact of soil-borne diseases on organic vegetables and methods used for their control.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Induced systemic resistance to wheat take-all disease by probiotic bacteria
Autorzy:
Jasem, A.M.
Sharifi, R.
Abbasi, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65078.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant disease
soil-borne disease
Gaeumannomyces tritici
wheat yield
induced systemic resistance
probiotic bacteria
methyl jasmonate
methyl salicylate
rhizobacteria
Opis:
In this study, the effect of six commercial biocontrol strains, Bacillus pumilus INR7, B. megaterium P2, B. subtilis GB03, B. subtilis S, B. subtilis AS and B. subtilis BS and four indigenous strains Achromobacter sp. B124, Pseudomonas geniculate B19, Serratia marcescens B29 and B. simplex B21 and two plant defense inducers, methyl salicylate (Me-SA) and methyl jasmonate (Me-JA) were assessed on suppression of wheat take-all disease. Treatments were applied either as soil drench or sprayed on shoots. In the soil drench method, the highest disease suppression was achieved in treatment with strains INR7, GB03, B19 and AS along with two chemical inducers. Bacillus subtilis S, as the worst treatment, suppressed take-all severity up to 56%. Both chemical inducers and bacterial strains AS and P2 exhibited the highest effect on suppression of take-all disease in the shoot spray method. Bacillus subtilis S suppressed the disease severity up to 49% and was again the worst strain. The efficacy of strains GB03 and B19 decreased significantly in the shoot spray method compared to the soil drench application method. Our results showed that most treatments had the same effect on take-all disease when they were applied as soil drench or sprayed on aerial parts. This means that induction of plant defense was the main mechanism in suppressing take-all disease by the given rhizobacteria. It also revealed that plant growth was reduced when it was treated with chemical inducers. In contrast, rhizobacteria not only suppressed the disease, but also increased plant growth.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina
Autorzy:
Khaledi, N.
Taheri, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biological control
Trichoderma harzianum
soybean
charcoal rot disease
soil-borne disease
stem disease
root disease
Macrophomina phaseolina
peroxidase
phenol
total phenol
Opis:
Throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of crop plants such as soybean. In this study, the biological control capability of 11 Trichoderma spp. isolates against M. phaseolina was investigated using screening tests. Among all the tested Trichoderma spp. isolates, inhibition varied from 20.22 to 58.67% in dual culture tests. Dual culture, volatile and non-volatile tests revealed that two isolates of Trichoderma harzianum (including the isolates T7 and T14) best inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina in vitro. Therefore, these isolates were selected for biocontrol of M. phaseolina in vivo. The results of greenhouse experiments revealed that disease severity in the seed treatment with T. harzianum isolates was significantly lower than that of the soil treatment. In most of the cases, though, soil treatment with T. harzianum resulted in higher plant growth parameters, such as root and shoot weight. The effects of T. harzianum isolates on the activity of peroxidase enzyme and phenolic contents of the soybean root in the presence and absence of M. phaseolina were determined in greenhouse conditions. Our results suggested that a part of the inhibitory effect of T. harzianum isolates on soybean charcoal rot might be related to the indirect influence on M. phaseolina. Plant defense responses were activated as an elicitor in addition to the direct effect on the pathogen growth.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chitosan as a compound inhibiting the occurrence of soybean diseases
Chitozan jako związek ograniczający występowanie chorób soi
Autorzy:
Pastucha, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11541685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
chitosan
occurrence
soybean
plant disease
plant protection
pathogenic fungi
fungal disease
soil-borne fungi
fungi
mycological analysis
Fusarium
Pythium
Phomopsis
Botrytis cinerea
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Rhizoctonia solani
Opis:
Studies were conducted on a field of soybean monoculture at Czesławice near Nałęczów in the years 2002–2004. The object of the studies were soybean plants ‘Polan’ cv. and chitosan. A water solution of chitosan micro-gel at the concentration of 0.1% was used for studies. The studies tested the effect of this compound on the inhibition of soybean diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi. The solution of chitosan was used a few times, i.e. for seed dressing, seedling spraying, plant spraying at anthesis and in mixed combinations. During the experiment field observations were conducted in particular developmental stages when the number and healthiness of plants were established. Infected plants were submitted to mycological analysis. Results from the field observations and mycological analyses showed that chitosan used in a mixed combination (for seed dressing + seedling spraying + plant spraying at anthesis) was the most effective in protecting soybean from the infection of soil-borne pathogenic fungi. In those combinations the best density of soybean seedlings and plants at anthesis was obtained. The mycological analysis of infected parts of soybean seedlings and plants at anthesis showed that chitosan proved effective in inhibiting the infection of soybean plants from fungi from the genera of Fusarium, Pythium, Phomopsis and Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani.
W latach 2002–2004 na polu monokultury soi w miejscowości Czesławice k. Nałęczowa prowadzono badania, których przedmiotem były rośliny soi odm. Polan oraz chitozan. Do badań używano wodny roztwór mikrożelu chitozanu w stężeniu 0,1%. W prowadzonych badaniach testowano wpływ tego związku na ograniczenie chorób soi powodowanych przez grzyby chorobotwórcze przeżywające w glebie. Roztwór chitozanu zastosowano wielokrotnie, tj. w formie do zaprawiania nasion, oprysku siewek, oprysku roślin na początku kwitnienia oraz w kombinacjach mieszanych. W trakcie trwania doświadczenia w poszczególnych fazach rozwojowych soi prowadzono obserwacje polowe, podczas których określano liczebność i zdrowotność roślin. Porażone rośliny pobierano do analizy mikologicznej. Wyniki uzyskane z przeprowadzonych obserwacji polowych oraz wykonanych analiz mikologicznych wykazały, że chitozan stosowany w kombinacji mieszanej (do zaprawiania nasion + oprysku siewek + oprysku roślin na początku kwitnienia) był najskuteczniejszy w ochronie soi przed infekcją grzybów patogenicznych przeżywających w glebie. W kombinacjach tych uzyskano najlepszą obsadę siewek soi i roślin w fazie kwitnienia. Przeprowadzona analiza mikologiczna porażonych organów siewek oraz roślin w fazie kwitnienia soi wykazała, że chitozan okazał się skuteczny w ograniczaniu infekcji roślin soi przez grzyby z rodzaju Fusarium, Pythium, Phomopsis oraz Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum i Rhizoctonia solani.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2008, 07, 3; 41-55
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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